JP7174929B2 - Loeを介するlcos照明 - Google Patents
Loeを介するlcos照明 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136277—Active matrix addressed cells formed on a semiconductor substrate, e.g. of silicon
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
- G02B6/0028—Light guide, e.g. taper
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0056—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133616—Front illuminating devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/12—Function characteristic spatial light modulator
Description
図2を参照すると、現在の実施例で使用するために構成される例示的な導光光学素子(LOE)(903)の側面図が示される。コリメートされた光源(2C)は、コリメートされた入力ビーム(4C)を発する。この文書の文脈において、光源は「プロジェクタ」とも呼ばれる。光源は、レーザーあるいは単一または複数の波長を伝送するLEDであり得る。光は、導光体内などの透過軸まわりで方向付けられる、複数の角度の伝播方向を有する。現在の図の単純性について、一般に、明瞭さのために透過の中心方向のみが示される。1つの光線だけが一般に示され、入射光線、入力ビーム(例えば、コリメートされた入力ビーム(4C))は、「ビーム」あるいは「入射光線」とも呼ばれる。一般に、画像が光ビームよって本明細書に表される場合はいつでも、上記ビームは画像のサンプルビームであり、これは、画像の点またはピクセルにそれぞれ対応するわずかに異なる角度で複数のビームによって典型的に形成されることに留意されたい。特に画像の先端と呼ばれる場合を除いて、例示されるビームは典型的に画像の重心である。すなわち、光は画像に対応し、中心光線は、上記画像の中心あるいは上記画像の中心ピクセルからの中心光線である。
図3Aおよび図3Bを参照すると、光学照明(302)のための例示的なコンパクトシステムの正面概略図と側面概略図がそれぞれ示される。従来のPBS(104)は、導光体(20)(上述のLOE(903)と同様の)などの導光体(導波路)偏光スプリッタ(WGPS)と置き換えられる。光源光学系(300)は、均一照明(4P)を有する偏光を導光体(20)へと提供する。光源光学系(300)は、出口幅(300W)を有し、導光体(20)は偏光均一照明(4P)の入力幅(20W)を有する。導光体(20)の側面(21)(第2の対の外面)は、側面からのエネルギー損失を防ぐために、反射コーティングでコーティングすることができる。コリメートされた入力ビーム(4C)はLOE(903)によって使用されるものとして上述したが、導光体(20)への均一照明(4P)を有する偏光は、厳密にコリメートされないが、定められた角度の範囲内の角度の広がりを照らすことが好ましい。
図4Aを参照すると、均一の角度応答を有するファセットの側面概略図が示される。LCOS(106)の照明は、導光体(20)内のファセットの角度の反射率を構成することにより、改善することができる。導光体(20)は、一連のファセット(922A)(上記のファセットのセット(922)と同様)を含んでいる。LCOS(106)のいくつかの例示的なピクセル(434)が示される。均一照明(4P)を有する偏光は、角度分布(430)として導光体(20)に入る。ファセット(922A)は均一の角度応答を有し、したがって、反射ピクセル(434)はすべて、同じ照明角度の円錐(illumination angle cones)(432)を見て、同じ照明角度の円錐(432)を反射する。例えば、投射光学系(107)がテレセントリックである場合、現在の構成はテレセントリック光学系のための照明を改善する。
LCOS(106)にわたって均一照明を得るのを支援するために、S-偏光(第1の偏光)の反射率は、好ましくは導光体に沿って増加し、すなわち、光が導光体(20)に沿って伝播するにつれて、一連のファセット(922P)の1つのファセットから後続のファセットへと増加するべきである。伝播路中の最初ファセットは比較的低い反射率を有し、最後のファセットは(第1の)S-偏光の比較的高い反射率を有するように設計されなければならない。LCOSによって反射されたP-偏光(第2の偏光)の透過率は、各ファセットで最大でなければならない。すなわち、ファセットは、P-偏光に対してできるだけ透過性でなければならない。以下の記載において、一般に、S-polの反射率およびP-polの透過率が使用され、ならびに、単純化のために、テレセントリック照明が想定されるだろう。
Claims (10)
- 照明光学系であって、前記照明光学系は、
導光体(20)であって、
相互に平行な第1の外面(926)および第2の外面(926A)と、
第1の一連のファセット(922)であって、少なくともその一部は、
複数の平行な、部分反射する偏光選択面(922P)であり、
前記第1の外面(926)および前記第2の外面(926A)に対して斜角であり、および
前記第1の外面(926)および前記第2の外面(926A)の間にある、
ことを特徴とする導光体と、
全面照射型反射偏光回転画像変調器(106)であって、
前記第1の外面(926)からカップルアウトされた第1の偏光(324)を空間的に調整するために配置され、
画像に対応する反射した第2の偏光(326)を出力し、ならびに、
前記反射した第2の偏光(326)が、前記第1の外面(926)から、前記第1の一連のファセット(922)を通って、前記第2の外面(926A)へと前記導光体(20)を横断するように配置される、全面照射型反射偏光回転画像変調器(106)と、
を含み、
又、前記導光体(20)に光学的に結合され、少なくとも前記第1の偏光の光(4P)を前記導光体(20)に提供する光源光学系(300)と、を備え、
更に、前記第1の一連のファセット(922)が、前記光(4P)が前記導光体(20)に沿って伝播するにつれて、前記光(4P)の少なくとも一部を反射し、前記光(4P)の残りの一部を透過することにより、前記光(4P)が前記第1と第2の外面(926、926A)における内部反射により伝播し、前記第1の一連のファセット(922)の連続するファセットによって、前記第1の外面(926)を介して前記画像変調器(106)に向かって漸次部分的に反射されて前記第1の偏光(324)となり、前記第1の一連のファセット(922)は前記第2の偏光(326)を透過することを特徴とし、
加えて、前記導光体(20)の前記第2の外面(926A)から放射する前記第2の偏光(326)を選択的に透過するように配置された偏光子(303)と、を備える、
ことを特徴とする、照明光学系。 - 前記第1の偏光の反射率は、前記第1の一連のファセット(922)内の1つのファセットから後続のファセットへと増加する、請求項1に記載の照明光学系。
- 前記第1の一連のファセット(922)は、前記導光体(20)へとカップルインされた光(4P)を拡大し、前記光(4P)が前記第1の外面(926)から均一にカップルアウトされる、請求項1に記載の照明光学系。
- 前記画像変調器(106)は反射型液晶(LCOS)マトリックスである、請求項1に記載の照明光学系。
- 前記ファセット(922)は、
(a)多層コーティング
(b)誘電体コーティング、および、
(c)ワイヤグリッド、からなる群から選択される技術を使用して少なくとも部分的に構築される、請求項1に記載の照明光学系。 - 前記ファセット(922)の主軸の配向は前記ファセット(922)の反射率を決定する、請求項5に記載の照明光学系。
- 前記ファセット(922)の各々の反射率は、光が前記ファセット(922)に入射する角度に依存する、請求項1に記載の照明光学系。
- 前記第1の一連のファセット(922)は、前記第1の外面(926)からの光のカップルアウトを実行するように構成され、前記第1の一連のファセット(922)は、前記第1の外面(926)からカップルアウトする光の公称観測点への視線と重なる一定数のファセット(922)を有する、請求項1に記載の照明光学系。
- 請求項1に記載の照明光学系であって、
(iii)第2の一連のファセット(922M)であって、少なくともその一部は、
(A)複数の平行な、部分反射する偏光選択面であり、
(B)前記第1の外面および前記第2の外面に対して斜角であり、および、
(C)前記第1の外面(926)および前記第2の外面(926A)の間にある、第2の一連のファセットをさらに有し、
ここで、前記第1の一連のファセット(922N)および前記第2の一連のファセット(922M)のファセットは、互いに平行ではない、請求項1に記載の照明光学系。 - 前記第1および第2の一連のファセット(922N、922M)の各々は範囲の領域に広がり、この広がりは、前記第1および第2の一連のファセット(922N、922M)の各々が配置される領域であり、ここで、前記第1および第2の一連のファセット(922N、922M)の前記範囲の領域は少なくとも部分的に重なる、請求項9に記載の照明光学系。
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