JP5863715B2 - プロセス - Google Patents
プロセス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5863715B2 JP5863715B2 JP2013135428A JP2013135428A JP5863715B2 JP 5863715 B2 JP5863715 B2 JP 5863715B2 JP 2013135428 A JP2013135428 A JP 2013135428A JP 2013135428 A JP2013135428 A JP 2013135428A JP 5863715 B2 JP5863715 B2 JP 5863715B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- zinc
- hydro
- fluoroalkene
- chromia
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 158
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 68
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 196
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 89
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 77
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006704 dehydrohalogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- DMUPYMORYHFFCT-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C(/F)C(F)(F)F DMUPYMORYHFFCT-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VJGCZWVJDRIHNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=CF VJGCZWVJDRIHNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NDMMKOCNFSTXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical class FC(F)C(F)=C(F)F NDMMKOCNFSTXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- QCMJBECJXQJLIL-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromium(6+);oxygen(2-);difluoride Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[F-].[F-].[Cr+6] QCMJBECJXQJLIL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 61
- FYIRUPZTYPILDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F FYIRUPZTYPILDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 24
- FDOPVENYMZRARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F FDOPVENYMZRARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- SMCNZLDHTZESTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane Chemical compound CC(F)(Cl)C(F)(F)F SMCNZLDHTZESTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000005796 dehydrofluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 12
- QJMGASHUZRHZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)CCl QJMGASHUZRHZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 9
- DCWQLZUJMHEDKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)C(F)(F)F DCWQLZUJMHEDKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 8
- SUAMPXQALWYDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SUAMPXQALWYDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- FTCVHAQNWWBTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2-pentachloropropane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl FTCVHAQNWWBTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 chromates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007033 dehydrochlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- JRHNUZCXXOTJCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoropropane Chemical compound CCCF JRHNUZCXXOTJCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000005828 hydrofluoroalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PFFGXVGPSGJOBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane Chemical compound FCCC(F)(F)F PFFGXVGPSGJOBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXEBARDKWGXGRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-difluoropropane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YXEBARDKWGXGRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SMZHKGXSEAGRTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloropropan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl SMZHKGXSEAGRTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 3
- DMUPYMORYHFFCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC=C(F)C(F)(F)F DMUPYMORYHFFCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQISUJXQFPPARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)=C OQISUJXQFPPARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006115 defluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUAQTIHDWIHCSV-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C(/F)C(F)F ZUAQTIHDWIHCSV-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDCWZRQSHBQRGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FCC(F)C(F)(F)F ZDCWZRQSHBQRGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHWJTHXIDJSPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2-fluoropropane Chemical compound CC(F)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl XHWJTHXIDJSPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTACNSITJSJFHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane Chemical compound ClCCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UTACNSITJSJFHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHXHPUAKLCCLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoropentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)C(F)(F)F SHXHPUAKLCCLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHCQUJBAMRDYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1-fluoropropane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl NHCQUJBAMRDYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FCC(F)=C(F)F PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOZLRJVRZLMLTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2-difluoropropane Chemical compound CC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl HOZLRJVRZLMLTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAERDLQYXMEHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)=CC(F)(F)F QAERDLQYXMEHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNYODXFAOQCIIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)C=C(F)F BNYODXFAOQCIIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSOHYMCRRAVDFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane Chemical compound CC(F)(Cl)C(F)(F)Cl FSOHYMCRRAVDFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUCISWTVFIKMCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)C(F)(F)Cl AUCISWTVFIKMCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFOIWBGKCSYBJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluorobut-1-ene Chemical class CCC=CF WFOIWBGKCSYBJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=C FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEWQHVLROTWEAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-3,3-bis(fluoromethyl)but-1-ene Chemical compound FCC(CF)(CF)C=C DEWQHVLROTWEAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910016569 AlF 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000252505 Characidae Species 0.000 description 1
- FJLZXCCTELSEIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClCCC(Cl)(Cl)[ClH+] Chemical compound ClCCC(Cl)(Cl)[ClH+] FJLZXCCTELSEIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOSWYUNQBRPBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium dichromate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O JOSWYUNQBRPBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical compound [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical class [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(iii) hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cr+3] VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005695 dehalogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical class [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ULYZAYCEDJDHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)Cl ULYZAYCEDJDHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCl SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical class [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013849 propane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QHMQWEPBXSHHLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur tetrafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)F QHMQWEPBXSHHLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000925 very toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940006486 zinc cation Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;oxalate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Description
該触媒は担持させても、または非担持でもよい。触媒が担持される場合、適切な担体としてはAlF3、フッ素化アルミナまたは活性炭がある。
不溶性亜鉛化合物と塩基性クロミア触媒との混合および粉砕は、非晶質触媒前駆体を製造する別な方法を提供する。オキシハロゲン化クロムベースの非晶質触媒を製造するための方法では、亜鉛の化合物を水和ハロゲン化クロムへ加える。
一方、1,1,1,2‐テトラフルオロ‐2‐クロロプロパンは直接脱塩化水素してもHFC‐1234yfを与える。
例1:1,1,1‐トリフルオロ‐2,3‐ジクロロプロパンの脱フッ化水素
クロミア上6重量%Znから構成される非晶質触媒の2gサンプルを管状炉内に設置された15cm×1.25mm Inconnel反応チューブへ入れた。この触媒を250℃で1時間乾燥させ、次いで6:1のN2:HF比で1時間250℃でプレフッ素化してから、温度を380℃へ上げ、その時点で窒素希釈流を止めた。約18時間後、HFフィードを切り、リアクターを200℃に冷却した。
クロミア上6重量%Znから構成される非晶質触媒の2gサンプルを管状炉内に設置された15cm×1.25mm Inconel反応チューブへ入れた。この触媒を250℃で1時間乾燥させ、次いで6:1のN2:HF比で1時間250℃でプレフッ素化してから、温度を380℃へ上げ、その時点で窒素希釈流を止めた。約18時間後、HFフィードを切り、リアクターを200℃に冷却した。
各温度において、システムを約20分間にわたり平衡化させた後、例1で前記されているように、GCまたはGC‐MSによる解析のために各温度でリアクター排ガスサンプルを採取し、結果が表3および図3で示されている。これらの結果は、1,1,1,2,2‐ペンタフルオロプロパンが約300℃において高選択性でHFC‐1234yfへ脱フッ化水素されたことを示している。
クロミア上6重量%Znから構成される非晶質触媒の2gサンプルを管状炉内に設置された15cm×1.25mm Inconel反応チューブへ入れた。この触媒を250℃で1時間乾燥させ、次いで6:1のN2:HF比で1時間250℃でプレフッ素化してから、温度を380℃へ上げ、その時点で窒素希釈流を止めた。約18時間後、HFフィードを切り、リアクターを220〜240℃に冷却した。
次の例4〜6には、下記の一般的手順が該当した。
下記例は、触媒ファウリング率に及ぼすHF:有機物比の影響について検証している。
下記例は、ファウリング率およびHFC‐1225yeの収率に及ぼす触媒処方の影響について検証している。
窒素および空気雰囲気下で示差走査熱量測定(DSC)技術を用いて、無亜鉛含有クロミア触媒のサンプルを解析した。結果が図9で示されている。
例4に少し修正を加えて、例4で概説された一般的手順で概説されているようにリアクターチューブを調製し、表6に示された一連の異なる触媒で、温度のスキャンに際して、フィード速度をHF=6mL/min、HFC‐236ea=2mL/min、窒素=4mL/minに設定した。この例は大気圧で行った。
亜鉛担持率が増加するに従いファウリング抵抗が減少することもわかった。しかしながら、無亜鉛含有クロミアの見掛け上好ましい性能は、純粋クロミア触媒の結晶化傾向に対してスケール的にバランスがとられるべきである。
圧力を上げながら行われた次の例には、下記の一般的手順が該当した。
これらの条件を更に7時間維持した。次いでHFC‐236ea→HFC E/Z‐1225ye反応をある範囲の条件下で研究した。
この例は、HFC‐236eaからHFC1225yeへの変換がHFの不在下で加圧時に行われたときに生じるとわかっていた触媒ファウリングの予想レベルからの、低下を検証している。HFを窒素に換えたこと以外は例9の関係で前記されたように触媒を再生し、次いで“ニート”HFC‐236eaを約20mL/minの割合でそれに340℃および5bargで通した。触媒性能をモニターし、結果が表10で示されている。
この例は、本プロセスの関係におけるリサイクル物質、例えば得られるHFC1225ye生成物のE/Z異性体ミックスまたはHFC1225yeの異性体リッチブレンド(異性体リッチとは、本プロセスの結果として通常製造されたものとは異なるEおよびZ異性体のブレンドを意味する。異性体リッチブレンドは、例えば、熱分解で通常形成されるものより高レベルのEまたはZ異性体を含有したEおよびZ異性体のブレンドを含んでなるか、あるいはそれは純粋E異性体または純粋Z異性体、好都合には純粋Z異性体を含有している)で、加圧下触媒変換時にフィード(例えばHFC‐236ea)を希釈する有益効果について検証している。
非晶質6.0%Zn/クロミア触媒の2gサンプルを15cm×1.25cm Inconnelリアクターチューブへ入れた。触媒を(250℃で1時間)乾燥させ、プレフッ素化(6:1のN2:HFモル比で1時間250℃、380℃に温度上昇、窒素希釈流停止および一夜放置)させた。プレフッ素化後、リアクターを冷却した。次いで87.8%E‐HFC1225ye、9.1%Z‐HFC1225yeと少量のHFC‐227ea、HFC‐236ea、HFC‐236cbおよびヘキサフルオロプロペンの混合物である残部からなる混合物1mL/minおよび窒素5mL/minの混合物を130℃において5mL/minで触媒に通しながらZ異性体へのE異性体の変換率をモニターした。変換率が下がり始めた後、フィード流を止め、380℃で12〜16時間にわたり窒素(40mL/min)および空気(4mL/min)の混合物を用いて触媒を再生させた。再生の最後に、空気フィードを切り、触媒を130℃に冷却した。触媒が冷却したとき、異性化サイクルを繰り返した。この異性化/再生/異性化サイクルの結果が下記表13で掲載されている。
この例は、触媒ファウリング率が圧力の関数としてHFC1225yeへのHFC‐236eaの変換中にどのように変わるかを検証している。
15Bargでサイクル1中に供給された236ea=1860g
5Bargでサイクル1中に供給された236ea=1637g
2.3Bargでサイクル1中に供給された236ea=1540g
異なる圧力における各サイクルの結果が表14〜16で要約され、図10〜11で示されている。
[項1]
亜鉛/クロミア触媒の存在下でC3‐6ヒドロ(ハロ)フルオロアルカンを脱ハロゲン化水素することを含んでなる、C3‐6(ヒドロ)フルオロアルケンを製造するための方法。
[項2]
ヒドロ(ハロ)フルオロアルカンをフッ化水素と接触させることを含んでなる、項1に記載の方法。
[項3]
−70〜400℃の温度および0〜30baraの圧力で行われる、項1または2に記載の方法。
[項4]
ヒドロ(ハロ)フルオロプロパンを脱ハロゲン化水素することを含んでなる、(ヒドロ)フルオロプロペンを製造するための項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項5]
製造される(ヒドロ)フルオロプロペンが、テトラフルオロプロペン類およびペンタフルオロプロペン類から選択される、項4に記載の方法。
[項6]
式CX3(CX2)nCX=CX2またはCX3CX=CX(CX2)nCX3の化合物(各Xは独立してHまたはFであるが、但し少なくとも1つのXはFであり、nは0、1、2または3である)を製造するための方法であって、
亜鉛/クロミア触媒の存在下で式CX3(CX2)nCXYCHX2、CX3(CX2)nCXHCYX2、CX3CXHCXY(CX2)nCX3またはCX3CXYCXH(CX2)nCX3の化合物(各Xは独立してHまたはFであるが、但し少なくとも1つのXはFであり、nは0、1、2または3であり、YはF、Cl、BrまたはIである)を脱ハロゲン化水素することを含んでなる方法。
[項7]
式CX3(CX2)nCXYCHX2、CX3(CX2)nCXHCYX2、CX3CXHCXY(CX2)nCX3またはCX3CXYCXH(CX2)nCX3の化合物をフッ化水素と接触させることを含んでなる、項6に記載の方法。
[項8]
160〜400℃の温度および−70〜400℃の圧力で行われる、項6または7に記載の方法。
[項9]
式CX3(CX2)nCX=CX2の化合物がCF3(CX2)nCF=CX2である、項6〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項10]
式CX3CX=CX(CX2)nCX3の化合物がCF3CF=CH(CX2)nCX3である、項6〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項11]
n=0である、項6〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項12]
1,2,3,3,3‐ペンタフルオロプロペン(CF3CF=CHF)を製造するための、項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項13]
2,3,3,3‐テトラフルオロプロペン(CF3CF=CH2)を製造するための、項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項14]
CF3CF=CH2および1,3,3,3‐テトラフルオロプロペン(CF3CH=CHF)を製造するための、項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項15]
CF3CF=CH2および1,2,3,3,3‐ペンタフルオロプロペン(CF3CF=CHF)を製造するための、項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項16]
CF3CF=CH2が、式CF3CFYCH3またはCF3CFHCYH2の化合物を脱ハロゲン化水素することにより製造される、項13〜15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項17]
2,3,3,3‐テトラフルオロプロペン(CF3CF=CH2)が、1,1,1,2,2‐ペンタフルオロプロパン(CF3CF2CH3)を脱フッ化水素するか、または1,1,1,2‐テトラフルオロ‐2‐クロロプロパン(CF3CFClCH3)を脱塩化水素することにより製造される、項13〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項18]
1,1,1,2,2‐ペンタフルオロプロパン(CF3CF2CH3)を製造するために1,1,1,2‐テトラフルオロ‐2‐クロロプロパン(CF3CFClCH3)をフッ素化するステップを含んでなる、項17に記載の方法。
[項19]
トリフルオロジクロロプロパン、ジフルオロトリクロロプロパンまたはフルオロテトラクロロプロパンを1,1,1,2‐テトラフルオロ‐2‐クロロプロパン(CF3CFClCH3)へ変換するステップを含んでなる、項17または18に記載の方法。
[項20]
トリフルオロジクロロプロパンが、1,1,1‐トリフルオロ‐2,2‐ジクロロプロパン(CF3CCl2CH3)および1,1,1‐トリフルオロ‐2,3‐ジクロロプロパン(CF3CHClCH2Cl)から選択される、項19に記載の方法。
[項21]
1,1,1‐トリフルオロ‐2,2‐ジクロロプロパン(CF3CCl2CH3)が、HFでフッ素化により、1,1,1,2‐テトラフルオロ‐2‐クロロプロパン(CF3CFClCH3)へ変換される、項20に記載の方法。
[項22]
1,1,1‐トリフルオロ‐2,3‐ジクロロプロパン(CF3CHClCH2Cl)が、脱塩化水素により3,3,3‐トリフルオロ‐2‐クロロプロペン(CF3CCl=CH2)へ、次いでHFでフッ化水素化により1,1,1,2‐テトラフルオロ‐2‐クロロプロパン(CF3CFClCH3)へ変換される、項20に記載の方法。
[項23]
1,1,1,2,2‐ペンタフルオロプロパン(CF3CF2CH3)を製造するために1,1,1,2,2‐ペンタクロロプロパン(CCl3CCl2CH3)をフッ素化するステップを含んでなる、項17または18に記載の方法。
[項24]
フッ素化が、HFを用いて行われる、項23に記載の方法。
[項25]
フッ素化が、クロミア含有触媒を用いて行われる、項23または24に記載の方法。
[項26]
1,1,1,2,2‐ペンタクロロプロパン(CCl3CCl2CH3)を製造するために1,1,1‐トリクロロアセトン(CCl3C(O)CH3)を塩素化するステップを含んでなる、項23〜25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項27]
塩素化が、PCl5を用いて行われる、項26に記載の方法。
[項28]
1,1,1‐トリクロロアセトン(CCl3C(O)CH3)を製造するためにアセトン(CH3C(O)CH3)を塩素化するステップを含んでなる、項26または27に記載の方法。
[項29]
塩素化が塩素で行われる、項28に記載の方法。
[項30]
塩素化が、クロミア含有触媒を用いて行われる、項28または29に記載の方法。
[項31]
脱ハロゲン化水素ステップが添加フッ化水素の不在下で行われる、項1に記載の方法。
[項32]
亜鉛クロミア触媒が0.01%〜25重量%亜鉛を含んでなる、項1〜31のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項33]
亜鉛クロミア触媒が0.05%〜10重量%亜鉛を含んでなる、項32に記載の方法。
[項34]
亜鉛クロミア触媒が0.05%〜0.5重量%亜鉛を含んでなる、項33に記載の方法。
[項35]
1,2,3,3,3‐ペンタフルオロプロペンが製造され、ヒドロ(ハロ)フルオロアルカンがHFC‐236eaである、項1〜34のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項36]
亜鉛クロミア触媒が酸化クロムの結晶化特性を呈しない、項1〜35のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項37]
方法が300℃以上の温度で行われる、項1〜36のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項38]
方法が高大気圧で行われる、項1〜37のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項39]
方法が1〜5baraの圧力で行われる、項38に記載の方法。
[項40]
方法が添加HF流の不在下で行われる、項39に記載の方法。
[項41]
方法が希釈ガスで行われる、項39または40に記載の方法。
[項42]
希釈ガスが窒素を含んでなる、項41に記載の方法。
[項43]
希釈ガスが、得られるC3‐6(ヒドロ)フルオロアルケン、またはC3‐6(ヒドロ)フルオロアルケンの異性体リッチブレンドを含んでなる、項41または42に記載の方法。
[項44]
触媒が後で再生される、項1〜43のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項45]
再生ステップが酸化再生である、項44に記載の方法。
[項46]
方法がHFの存在下かつ大気圧または低大気圧で行われ、HF対ヒドロ(ハロ)フルオロアルカンの比率が1.5:1以上である、項1に記載の方法。
[項47]
C3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンを触媒と接触させることを含んでなる、C3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンを異性化するための方法。
[項48]
(i)E‐C3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンをZ‐C3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンへ変換するために、E‐C3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンを触媒と接触させる;
ことを含んでなる、C3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンを異性化するための方法。
[項49]
C3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンを異性化するための触媒の使用。
[項50]
(i)E‐C3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンをZ‐C3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンへ変換するために、E‐C3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンを触媒と接触させる;
ことを含んでなる、C3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンを異性化するための触媒の使用。
[項51]
異性化がEおよびZ異性体の比率の変化をもたらす、項47〜50のいずれか一項に記載の方法または使用。
[項52]
Z異性体対E異性体の比率が増加する、項51に記載の方法または使用。
[項53]
得られるC3‐6(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンが回収される、項47〜52のいずれか一項に記載の方法または使用。
[項54]
(ヒドロ)フルオロアルケンがCF3CF=CHFである、項47〜53のいずれか一項に記載の方法または使用。
[項55]
一般的に実施例に関してここで記載されているような、(ヒドロハロ)フルオロアルケンを異性化するための触媒の使用。
[項56]
項47〜55のいずれか一項に従い製造された異性体ブレンドを含んでなる流体。
[項57]
項56に記載の流体を含んでなる冷媒ブレンド。
[項58]
項57に記載の冷媒ブレンドを利用するエアコンディショニングシステムを有した自動車。
[項59]
一般的に実施例に関してここで記載されているような、C3‐6ヒドロフルオロアルケンを製造するための方法。
Claims (24)
- 亜鉛/クロミア触媒の存在下でヒドロ(ハロ)フルオロプロパンを脱ハロゲン化水素することを含んでなる、(ヒドロ)フルオロプロペンを製造するための方法であって、製造される(ヒドロ)フルオロプロペンが亜鉛/クロミア触媒の存在下で異性化され、(i)亜鉛/クロミア触媒が、クロムまたはクロムの化合物と亜鉛または亜鉛の化合物を含んでなり、クロムの化合物がクロムの酸化物、オキシフッ化物またはフッ化物であり、(ii)亜鉛または亜鉛の化合物の総量が触媒の0.01%〜25重量%である、方法。
- 亜鉛/クロミア触媒の存在下でC 3‐6 ヒドロ(ハロ)フルオロアルカンを脱ハロゲン化水素することを含んでなる、C 3‐6 (ヒドロ)フルオロアルケンを製造するための方法であって、製造されるC 3−6 (ヒドロ)フルオロアルケンが亜鉛/クロミア触媒の存在下で異性化され、(i)亜鉛/クロミア触媒が、クロムまたはクロムの化合物と亜鉛または亜鉛の化合物を含んでなり、クロムの化合物がクロムの酸化物、オキシフッ化物またはフッ化物であり、(ii)亜鉛または亜鉛の化合物の総量が触媒の0.01%〜25重量%であり、C3‐6(ヒドロ)フルオロアルケンがEおよびZ異性体で存在し、EおよびZ異性体の比率が触媒の存在下で変化される、方法。
- (ヒドロ)フルオロプロペンがEおよびZ異性体で存在し、EおよびZ異性体の比率が触媒の存在下で変化される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 亜鉛/クロミア触媒の存在が、EおよびZ異性体の比率をC3‐6(ヒドロ)フルオロアルケン又は(ヒドロ)フルオロプロペンの製造から動的に決められる異性体の混合物の比率から変える、請求項2または3に記載の方法。
- C3‐6(ヒドロ)フルオロアルケン又は(ヒドロ)フルオロプロペンの所望の異性体が後続の工程で回収される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 方法が−70〜400℃の温度および0〜30baraの圧力で行われる、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 製造されるC 3‐6 (ヒドロ)フルオロアルケン又は(ヒドロ)フルオロプロペンが、テトラフルオロプロペン類およびペンタフルオロプロペン類から選択される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 1,2,3,3,3‐ペンタフルオロプロペン(CF3CF=CHF)を製造するための、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 1,3,3,3‐テトラフルオロプロペン(CF3CH=CHF)を製造するための、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 2,3,3,3‐テトラフルオロプロペン(CF3CF=CH2)および1,2,3,3,3‐ペンタフルオロプロペン(CF3CF=CHF)を製造するための、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 2,3,3,3‐テトラフルオロプロペン(CF3CF=CH2)および1,3,3,3‐テトラフルオロプロペン(CF3CH=CHF)を製造するための、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 脱ハロゲン化水素ステップがフッ化水素(HF)を含むフィードの存在下で行われる、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 脱ハロゲン化水素ステップが添加フッ化水素の不在下で行われる、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 亜鉛/クロミア触媒が、亜鉛または亜鉛の化合物を総量で触媒の0.2%〜25重量%含む、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 亜鉛/クロミア触媒が、亜鉛または亜鉛の化合物を総量で触媒の重量に基づいて1%〜10重量%含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 亜鉛/クロミア触媒が非晶質であるか、又は触媒の0.1〜50重量%がクロムの1種以上の結晶化合物および/または亜鉛の1種以上の結晶化合物の形態である、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 触媒の0.2〜25重量%がクロムの1種以上の結晶化合物および/または亜鉛の1種以上の結晶化合物の形態である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 触媒の0.3〜10重量%がクロムの1種以上の結晶化合物および/または亜鉛の1種以上の結晶化合物の形態である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 方法が気相中200〜360℃の温度で行われる、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 方法が高大気圧で行われる、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 方法が希釈ガスで行われる、請求項1〜20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 希釈ガスが窒素を含んでなる、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 希釈ガスが、得られるC3‐6(ヒドロ)フルオロアルケン又は(ヒドロ)フルオロプロペン、またはC3‐6(ヒドロ)フルオロアルケン又は(ヒドロ)フルオロプロペンの異性体リッチブレンドを含んでなる、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 方法がHFの存在下かつ大気圧または低大気圧で行われ、HF対ヒドロ(ハロ)フルオロアルカンの比率が1.5:1以上である、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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MX337217B (es) | 2016-02-18 |
US9162946B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 |
KR20140008476A (ko) | 2014-01-21 |
JP5416587B2 (ja) | 2014-02-12 |
US20140031596A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
US8546623B2 (en) | 2013-10-01 |
JP2016094456A (ja) | 2016-05-26 |
CN101522597B (zh) | 2013-05-29 |
US20170113985A1 (en) | 2017-04-27 |
KR101394583B1 (ko) | 2014-05-12 |
KR101397113B1 (ko) | 2014-05-19 |
JP2010505806A (ja) | 2010-02-25 |
MX2009003586A (es) | 2009-06-26 |
US9567275B2 (en) | 2017-02-14 |
CN101522597A (zh) | 2009-09-02 |
EP2129644B1 (en) | 2020-07-01 |
US20160023970A1 (en) | 2016-01-28 |
EP2129644A2 (en) | 2009-12-09 |
US20100210882A1 (en) | 2010-08-19 |
WO2008040969A2 (en) | 2008-04-10 |
JP6195889B2 (ja) | 2017-09-13 |
BRPI0717091A2 (pt) | 2013-11-26 |
WO2008040969A3 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
JP2013237677A (ja) | 2013-11-28 |
KR20090060323A (ko) | 2009-06-11 |
US9790149B2 (en) | 2017-10-17 |
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