JP5318965B2 - Pcsk9に対する高親和性ヒト抗体 - Google Patents
Pcsk9に対する高親和性ヒト抗体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5318965B2 JP5318965B2 JP2011540965A JP2011540965A JP5318965B2 JP 5318965 B2 JP5318965 B2 JP 5318965B2 JP 2011540965 A JP2011540965 A JP 2011540965A JP 2011540965 A JP2011540965 A JP 2011540965A JP 5318965 B2 JP5318965 B2 JP 5318965B2
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Description
(i)血清総コレステロールを投与前レベルと比べて少なくとも約25〜35%減少させ、少なくとも24日の期間に亘ってその減少を維持することができ、好ましくは血清総コレステロールの減少が少なくとも約30〜40%であること;
(ii)血清LDLコレステロールを投与前レベルと比べて少なくとも約65〜80%を減少させ、少なくとも24日の期間に亘ってその減少を維持することができること;
(iii)血清トリグリセリドを投与前レベルと比べて少なくとも約25〜40%を減少させることができること;
(iv)血清HDLコレステロールを減少させないこと、又は血清HDLコレステロールを投与前レベルと比べて僅か5%しか減少させないこと;
の少なくとも1つを特徴とする。
(i)血清LDLコレステロールを投与前レベルと比べて少なくとも約40〜70%を減少させ、少なくとも60又は90日の期間に亘ってその減少を維持することができること;
(ii)血清トリグリセリドを投与前レベルと比べて少なくとも約25〜40%を減少させることができること;
(iii)血清HDLコレステロールを減少させないこと、又は血清HDLコレステロールを投与前レベルと比べて僅か5%しか減少させないこと;
の少なくとも1つを特徴とする。
(i)血清総コレステロールを投与前レベルと比べて少なくとも約25〜35%減少させ、少なくとも24日の期間に亘ってその減少を維持することができ、好ましくは血清総コレステロールの減少が少なくとも約30〜40%であること;
(ii)血清LDLコレステロールを投与前レベルと比べて少なくとも約65〜80%減少させ、少なくとも24日の期間に亘ってその減少を維持することができること;
(iii)血清トリグリセリドを投与前レベルと比べて少なくとも約25〜40%減少させることができること;
(iv)血清HDLコレステロールを減少させないこと、又は血清HDLコレステロールを投与前レベルと比べて僅か5%しか減少させないこと;
(v)hPCSK9(配列番号755)のアミノ酸残基238を含むエピトープを結合すること;
(vi)プラズモン表面共鳴によって測定した場合、pH7.4でのKDと比べて、pH5.5ではhPCSK9に対する結合親和性(KD)の増強を示し、その親和性増強が約20〜50倍の親和性の増加であること;
(vii)ヒト、ヒトGOF突然変異D374Y、カニクイザル、アカゲザル、マウス、ラット及びハムスターPCSK9を結合すること;
(viii)配列番号80及び88を含む重鎖及び軽鎖CDR3配列を含むこと;
(ix)配列番号90及び92からのCDR配列を含むこと;
の1つ又はそれ以上を示す完全ヒトモノクローナル抗体又はその抗原結合フラグメントを提供する。
(i)血清LDLコレステロールを投与前レベルと比べて少なくとも約40〜70%減少させ、少なくとも60又は90日の期間に亘ってその減少を維持することができること;
(ii)血清トリグリセリドを投与前レベルと比べて少なくとも約25〜40%減少させることができること;
(iii)投与前レベルと比べて血清HDLコレステロールを減少させないこと、又は血清HDLコレステロールを僅か5%しか減少させないこと;
(iv)hPCSK9(配列番号755)のアミノ酸残基366を含むエピトープを結合すること;
(v)プラズモン表面共鳴によって測定した場合、中性pHと比べて酸性pHにおいてPCSK9に対する結合親和性の増強を示さないこと;
(vi)ヒト及びサルPCSK9を結合するが、しかしマウス、ラット又は
ハムスターPCSK9を結合しないこと;
(vii)配列番号224及び232を含む重鎖及び軽鎖CDR3配列を含むこと;そして
(viii)配列番号218及び226を含むCDR配列を含むこと;
の1つ又はそれ以上を示す、完全ヒトモノクローナル抗体又はその抗原結合フラグメントを提供する。
本明細書で使用される用語「ヒトプロタンパク質コンバターゼスブチリシン/ケキシン9型」又は「hPCSK9」は、配列番号754で示される核酸配列及び配列番号755のアミノ酸配列を有するhPCSK9、又はその生物活性フラグメントを指す。
320:415-428も参照)。
ヒト抗体の製造
エピトープマッピング及び関連技術
本発明は、細胞毒、化学療法薬、免疫抑制薬又は放射性同位体などの、治療部分(「イムノコンジュゲート」)に結合したヒト抗PCSK9モノクローナル抗体を包含する。細胞毒性剤は細胞に有害ないずれの薬剤をも含む。イムノコンジュゲートを形成するための好適な細胞毒性剤及び化学療法薬の例は当技術分野で公知であり、例えば、国際特許公開第05/103081号を参照されたい。
本発明の抗体は、単一特異性、二重特異性、又は多特異性であってよい。多特異性mAbsは1つの標的ポリペプチドの異なるエピトープに対して特異的であり、又は1つより多い標的ポリペプチドに対して特異的な抗原結合ドメインを含んでもよい。例えば、Tutt et al. (1991) J. Immunol. 147:60-69を参照されたい。ヒト抗PCSK9mAbsは、別の機能性分子、例えば、別のペプチド又はタンパク質に結合又はそれと共発現し得る。例えば、抗体又はそのフラグメントは、第2の結合特異性を有する二重特異性又は多特異性抗体を産生するために、別の抗体又は抗体フラグメントなどの、1つ又はそれ以上の他の分子実体に機能的に(例えば、化学的結合、遺伝子融合、非共有結合又は別の方法により)結合することができる。
本発明の抗PCSK9抗体及び抗体フラグメントは、記載されたmAbsのそれから変異しているが、しかしヒトPCSK9を結合する能力を保持するアミノ酸配列を有するタンパク質を包含する。当該変異体mAbs及び抗体フラグメントは、親配列と比較した場合に、アミノ酸の1つ又はそれ以上の付加、欠失、又は置換を含むが、しかし記載されたmAbsと基本的に同等の生物活性を示す。同様に、本発明の抗PCSK9抗体コード化DNA配列は、開示された配列と比較した場合に、ヌクレオチドの1つ又はそれ以上の付加、欠失、又は置換を含むが、しかし本発明の抗PCSK9抗体又は抗体フラグメントと基本的に生物学的に同等な抗PCSK9抗体又は抗体フラグメントをコード化する配列を包含する。当該変異体アミノ酸及びDNA配列の例は、上記で検討されている。
本発明は、本発明の組成物を必要とする患者を処置する治療方法を提供する。ライフスタイルの改善及び従来の薬剤処置が、コレステロールレベルの低下にしばしば成功する一方で、すべての患者が当該アプローチにより推奨目標コレステロールレベルを達成できるわけではない。家族性高コレステロール血症(FH)などの種々の病態は、従来治療法の積極的使用にもかかわらずLDL−Cレベルの低下に抵抗的であるように見える。ホモ接合性及びヘテロ接合性家族性高コレステロール血症(hoFH、heFH)は、早期アテローム性動脈硬化性血管疾患に関連する病態である。しかしながら、hoFHと診断された患者は、従来の薬物療法に大きく抵抗性であり、限定された処置選択肢を有する。特に、コレステロール合成を阻害し、肝LDL受容体をアップレギュレートすることによりLDL−Cを減少させるスタチンによる処置は、LDL受容体が存在せず又は欠損している患者においてほとんど効果を有さないと考えられる。最近スタチンの最大用量で処置した遺伝子型確認hoFHの患者において、わずか約20%より少ない平均LDL−C減少が報告されている。本レジメンに対してエゼチミブ10mg/日の追加は27%のLDL−Cレベルの総減少をもたらしたが、これは最適から尚かけ離れている。同様に、多くの患者はスタチン不応性であり、スタチン療法でコントロール不良であり、又はスタチン療法に耐容性がなく;一般に、これらの患者は代替治療法によりコレステロールコントロールを達成することができない。現行の治療選択肢の欠点に対処することができる新処置法に対し、満たされていない大きな医学的ニーズがある。
治療的投与及び製剤
VELOCIMMUNE(商標)マウスをPCSK9で免疫し、抗体免疫応答を、これらのマウスから得られた血清を用いて抗原特異的免疫アッセイによってモニタリングした。 B細胞を発現する抗hPCSK9を、高抗hPCSK9抗体力価を有することを示した免疫マウスの脾臓から採取し、マウス骨髄腫細胞と融合してハイブリドーマを形成させた。ハイブリドーマをスクリーニングして選択し、下記の分析法を用いてhPCSK9特異抗体を発現する細胞株を同定した。本分析法により、H1M300、H1M504、H1M505、H1M500、H1M497、H1M498、H1M494、H1M309、H1M312、H1M499、H1M493、H1M496、H1M503、H1M502、H1M508、H1M495及びH1M492と命名したキメラ抗hPCSK9抗体を産生する幾つかの細胞株を同定した。
産生mAbsの構造を解析するために、抗体可変領域をコード化する核酸をクローン化し配列決定した。可変領域の予測アミノ酸配列をN末端アミノ酸配列決定により確認した。核酸配列及びmAbsの予測アミノ酸配列から、遺伝子使用を各抗体鎖について同定した。
前述のハイブリドーマ細胞株によって作成した、mAbsに結合するhPCSK9の平衡解離定数(KD)を、リアルタイムバイオセンサー表面プラズモン共鳴アッセイ(BIACORE(商標)T100)の表面動力学によって測定した。各抗体は、捕捉抗体表面を形成するために、BIACORE(商標)チップへの直接化学カップリングを通して作出した、ヤギ抗マウ
スIgGポリクローナル抗体表面上で4μl/分の流速にて90秒間捕捉した。50nM又は12.5nM濃度のhPCSK9−myc−myc−his(hPCSK9−mmh)を、50μl/分の流速で300秒間捕捉抗体表面上に注入し、そして抗原抗体解離を25℃か又は37℃で15分間モニタリングした(KD=pM;T1/2=分)。
CHO細胞産生完全ヒトhPCSK9mAbsへの抗原結合親和性に対するpHの影響を、前述のように評価した。試験mAbsは、H1H316P(「316P」)(HCVR/LCVR配列番号90/92;CDR配列の配列番号76/78/80及び84/86/88)、及びH1M300N(「300N」)(HCVR/LCVR配列番号218/226;CDR配列の配列番号220/222/224及び228/230/232)の完全ヒトバージョンである。hPCSK9−mmhは抗mycmAb表面上に、高密度(約35〜45共鳴単位)(RU)か又は低密度(約5〜14RU)で捕捉した。各抗体は、HBST(pH7.4又はpH5.5)中50nMで、25℃で100μl/mlの流速にて1.5分間捕捉hPCSK9表面上に注入し、そして抗原抗体解離を10分間モニタリングした。コントロールI:抗hPCSK9mAb配列番号79/101(WO2008/063382)(KD=pM;T1/2=分)。
D374Yの機能獲得型(GOF)点突然変異を有するhPCSKに対する、選択抗hPCSK9mAbs(hPCSK9(D374Y)−mmh)の結合親和性を、前述のように決定した。各抗体は、捕捉抗体表面を形成するために、BIACORE(商標)チップへの直接化学カップリングを通して作出した、ヤギ抗ヒトIgGポリクローナル抗体表面上に40μl/分の流速にて8〜30秒間捕捉した。1.78nM〜100nMの種々濃度のhPCSK9(D374Y)−mmhを、50μl/分の流速で5分間捕捉抗体表面上に注入し、そしてhPCSK9(D374Y)−mmh及び抗体の解離を25℃で15分間モニタリングした。コントロールIII:抗hPCSK9mAbs配列番号49/23(WO2009/026558)(KD=pM;T1/2=分)。
316P、300N、及びコントロールI抗hPCSK9mAbsを、BIACORE(商標)2000のアミン結合抗hFcCM5チップ上に捕捉した。タグ付き(myc−myc−his)ヒトPCSK9、ヒトPCSK1(hPCSK1)(配列番号759)、ヒトPCSK7(hPCSK7)(配列番号760)、又はマウスPCSK9を、捕捉mAb表面上に注入し(100nM)、25℃で5分間結合できるようにした。RUの変化を記録した。結果:300N及びコントロールIはhPCSK9だけに結合し、316PはhPCSK9及びmPCSK9の両方を結合した。
抗hPCSK9mAbsと、mmPCSK9、mfPCSK9、mPCSK9、maPCSK9、又はrPCSK9との交差反応は、BIACORE(商標)3000を用いて測定した。抗hPCSK9mAbsをBIACORE(商標)チップへの直接化学カップリングを通して作出した抗hFc表面上で捕捉した。精製タグ付きhPCSK9、hPCSK9(D374Y)、mmPCSK9、mfPCSK9、mPCSK9、maPCSK9、又はrPCSK9を、各々1.56nM〜50nMの濃度で25℃又は37℃において抗体表面に注入した。316P、300N、コントロールI、コントロールII、コントロールIII及びPCSK9タンパク質間の結合を測定した(KD=pM;T1/2=分)。
選択された抗hPCSK9mAbsの、ヒトLDLR完全長細胞外ドメイン(hLDLR−ecto配列番号758)、hLDLREGF−Aドメイン(配列番号758のアミノ酸313−355)、又はhLDLREGF−ABドメイン(配列番号758のアミノ酸314−393)(LDLR Genbank number NM_000527)へのhPCSK9結合遮断能力を、BIACORE(商標)3000を用いて評価した。簡潔に言えば、hLDLR−ecto、EGF−A−hFc、又はEGF−AB−hFcタンパク質を、受容体又は受容体フラグメント表面を作製するためにCM5チップ上でアミン結合した。選択された抗hPCSK9mAbsを、62.5nM(抗原に対して2.5倍過剰)で、25nMのhPCSK9−mmhとプレミックスし、続いて25℃で40分インキュベーションして、平衡溶液を形成するために抗体抗原結合が平衡に達することができるようにした。平衡溶液を、25℃で40分間2μl/分にて受容体又は受容体フラグメント上に注入した。抗hPCSK9mAbsの、hLDLR−ecto、EGF−A−hFc、又はEGF−AB−hFcへの結合に因るRUの変化を測定した。結果は、H1H316P及びH1M300Nは、hPCSK9−mmhの、hLDLR−ecto、hLDLREGF−Aドメイン、及びhLDLREGF−ABドメインへの結合を遮断した;H1H320Pは、hPCSK9−mmhの、hLDLR−ecto及びhLDLREGF−Aドメインへの結合を遮断した;そしてH1H321Pは、hPCSK9−mmhのhLDLREGF−Aドメインへの結合を遮断した;ことを示す。
エピトープ結合特異性を明らかにするために、特異的ヒトPCSK9ドメインがマウスPCSK9ドメインで置換された、3種のキメラPCSK9−mmhタンパク質を作成した。キメラタンパク質#1は、マウスPCSK9プロドメイン(配列番号757のアミノ酸残基1−155)で、続いてヒトPCSK9触媒ドメイン(配列番号755の残基153−425)及びマウスPCSK9C末端ドメイン(配列番号757の残基429−694)(mPro−hCat−mC−term−mmh)で構成される。キメラタンパク質#2は、ヒトPCSK9プロドメイン(配列番号755のアミノ酸残基1−152)で、続いてマウスPCSK9触媒ドメイン(配列番号757の残基156−428)及びマウスPCSK9C末端(hPro−mCat−mC−term−mmh)で構成される。キメラタンパク質#3は、マウスPCSK9プロドメイン及びマウスPCSK9触媒ドメインで、続いてヒトPCSK9C末端ドメイン(配列番号755の残基426−692)(mPro−mCat−hC−term−mmh)で構成される。加えて、D374Yの点突然変異を有するhPCSK9(hPCSK9(D374Y)−mmh)を作成した。
抗体結合プロファイルは、BIACORE(商標)1000を用いて、316P、300N、コントロールI、II、及びIIImAbsに対しても確立した。簡潔に言えば、hPCSK9−mmhは抗myc表面上で捕捉した。第1の抗hPCSK9mAb(50μg/ml)をPCSK9結合表面上に10分間、25℃で10μl/分の流速にて注入した。次いで第2のhPCSK9mAb(50μg/ml)を、第1のmAb結合表面上に10分間、25℃で10μl/分の流速にて注入した。第1のmAbの、第2のmAb結合遮断能力を測定し、パーセント阻害として表わした。
抗hPCSK9mAbsの、インビトロでのLDL取り込み増加能力を、ヒト肝細胞肝癌細胞株(HepG2)を用いて測定した。HepG2細胞を96ウェルプレート上に、DMEM完全培地中9×104細胞/ウェルで接種し、そしてHepG2単層を形成させるために、5%CO2の存在下で37℃で6時間インキュベートした。リポ蛋白質欠乏培地(LPDS)中50nMのヒトPCSK9−mmh、及び試験mAbを、LPDS培地中500nMから0.98nMまでの種々の濃度で加えた。データは、各実験でのIC50値で表わした(IC50=LDL取込みが50%増加する抗体濃度)。加えて、実験では、また、316P及び300Nの両方は、LDL取込みに対するhPCSK9の阻害作用を完全に逆転させることができたが、一方でコントロールImAb又はH1M508抗hPCSK9mAbは、阻害作用を約50%だけ逆転させることを示した。
PCSK9を中和する生物学的作用を評価するために、完全長hPCSK9−mmhをコード化するDNA構築物の流体力学的送達(HDD)により、hPCSK9をC57BL/6マウスに過剰発現させた。4マウス(C57BL/6)に空ベクター/生理食塩水(対照)を注入し、16マウスに50μgのhPCSK9−mmh−DNA/生理食塩水混合物を体重の10%に相当する分だけ尾静脈に注射した。HDDの7日後に、hPCSK9の送達は、総コレステロールの1.6倍上昇、LDLコレステロール(LDL−C)の3.4倍上昇及び非HDLコレステロールの1.9倍上昇(対照と比べて)をもたらした。7日目の血清hPCSK9レベルは、すべて定量的ELISAで評価して1μg/mlより大きかった。
薬物動力学的(PK)研究を、5〜7kgの体重範囲で3〜5歳のナイーブ雄カニクイザル(Macaca fascicularis) で実施した。
サルを5処置群に割り付けた:処置群1(n=3)は対照緩衝液(10mMリン酸ナトリウム、pH6、1ml/kg)の投与を受けた;処置群2(n=3)は1ml/kgの316P(5mg/ml)の投与を受けた;処置群3(n=3)は1ml/kgの300N(5mg/ml)の投与を受けた;処置群4(n=3)は1ml/kgの316P(15mg/ml)の投与を受けた;そして処置群5(n=3)は1ml/kgの300N(15mg/ml)の投与を受けた。すべての処置は、IVボーラスで投与し、続いて1mlの生理食塩水洗浄を受けた。総投与量(ml)は、最新の体重(各動物は環境順化時に2回、そして試験期間を通して毎週1回体重測定した)を基に計算した。試験mAb又はバッファーコントロールの単回用量を1日目に投与した。
動物は温度及び湿度監視環境に入れられた。温度及び相対湿度の目標範囲は、それぞれ18〜29°及び30〜70%であった。自動照明システムは12時間の概日周期を与えた。暗周期は研究又は施設関連活動に対して妨害し得た。動物は、動物保護法及び実験動物の保護及び使用に関する指針(National Research Council 1996)に記載の勧告に適合するケージに個別に入れられた。
動物は、NBL USA SOPに従い1日2回給餌した。動物は特定の処置で必要な場合には絶食させた(例えば、血清化学のための採血、又は採尿の前、又は鎮静を含む処置が実施される場合)。飼料は、定期的に汚染物質を分析し、メーカー規格内であることが認められた。
適正な数の動物をNBL USAストックから選択した。動物の健康は獣医スタッフで審査し、そして血清化学、血液学、及び凝固スクリーニングを実施した。健常が確認された16匹の雄を、研究に割り付けた。16匹の雄を特定研究群に割り付けて、残りの動物は予備として利用した。血清コレステロールレベル(順化における2系列の平均を基準)を組み入れた層化ランダム化スキームを用いて、動物を研究群に割り付けた。
既隔離動物を投与開始前に最小14日間試験室で順化させた。順化段階データは予備を含み全動物から収集した。全動物について、研究結果に影響を与える可能性のある行動異常を評価した。予備動物は1日後にストックに戻した。
血液は、拘束、覚醒動物の末梢静脈から静脈穿刺で採取した。可能な限り、単回採血を経て血液を採取し、次いで適切に分割した。
血液試料(1.5ml)は、投与前、2分、15分、30分、1時間、2時間、4時間、8時間、12時間、24時間、及びその後24時間毎に1回血清分離管(SST)で採取した。標本保存血清は2バイアルに移して−60度又はそれ以下で保存した。
血液試料を、投与前、12時間、48時間、及びその後48時間毎に1回、臨床化学分析、特に脂質プロファイル(即ち、コレステロール、LDL−C、HDL−C、トリグリセリド)のために採取した。投与後12時間試料を除いて、全動物は試料採取前に一夜絶食状態にした。試料量は約1mlとした。化学パラメータは、オリンパス自動分析計を用いて測定した。測定パラメータ(Xybionコード):アルブミン(ALB);アルカリ性ホスファターゼ(ALP);アラニンアミノトランスフェラーゼ(ALT);アスパラギン酸トランスアミナーゼ(AST);総ビリルビン(TBIL);カルシウム(Ca);総コレステロール(TCho);クレアチンキナーゼ(CK);クレアチニン(CRN);γグルタミルトランスアミナーゼ(GGT);グルコース(GLU);無機リン(IP);総タンパク質(TP);トリグリセリド(TRIG);血中尿素窒素(BUN);グロブリン(GLOB);アルブミン/グロブリン比(A/G);塩化物(Cl);カリウム(K);ナトリウム(Na);LDL及びHDLコレステロール。残りの血清は−20℃又はそれ以下で保存し、分析後1週間以内に廃棄した。
肝LDL受容体レベルに対するPCSK9の生物学的効果、及びそれに続く血清LDL−Cレベルに対する効果を評価するために、hPCSK9を、hPCSK9を発現するが、mPCSK9(PCSK9hu/huマウス) を発現しないマウスに静脈内注射により投与した。具体的には、PCSK9hu/huマウスに、PBS(対照)、又は1.2mg/kgのhPCSK9−mmhを尾静脈経由で注射した。hPCSK9の送達6時間後に、血清中で(ベースラインレベルと比べて)1.4倍の総コレステロール上昇及び2.3倍のLDL−C上昇が認められた。hPCSK9投与の4時間後、動物の別のコホート(n=3)における肝LDL受容体レベルの解析では、肝ホモジネート中において検出可能なLDL受容体の顕著な低下を示した。
PK研究は、6週齢のC57BL/6マウス及び11〜15週齢のhPCSK9ヘテロ接合体マウスで実施した。コントロールI、316P、又は300Nの単回注射を、各々10mg/kgでSC投与した。血清出血について、0時間(出血前)、6時間、1、3、6、10、14、21、28、35、42及び56日の全12時点で、抗hFc捕捉及び抗hFc検出サンドイッチELISAを用いてhIgGレベルを測定した(図12及び13)。すべてのmAbsは、約3日でそれらのTmaxに到達し、C57BL/6マウスでは約47〜115μg/ml及びhPCSK9ヘテロ接合体マウスでは55〜196μg/mlの対応Cmaxレベルを有した。C57BL/6マウスでは56日に、コントロールImAbレベルは約12μg/mlで、そして300Nレベルは約11μg/mlであったのに対して、316Pレベルは約0.02μg/mlより小さかった。hPCSK9ヘテロ接合体マウスでは56日に、コントロールImAbレベルは約29μg/mlであったが、一方で300N及び316Pレベルの両方は、0.02μg/mlの定量化限界(BQL)以下であった。
hPCSK9と抗hPCSK9mAbsと間の結合を更に評価するために、各変異体が単一点突然変異を含み、そして2つの変異体hPCSK9タンパク質が各々二重突然変異を含む、21変異体hPCSK9タンパク質を作成した。選択された各抗体を、BIACORE(商標)チップへの直接化学カップリングを通して作製したF(ab′)2抗hIgG表面上に捕捉して、捕捉抗体表面を形成させた。次いで、100nMから25nMまでの種々の濃度で各mmhタグ付き変異体hPCSK9を、60μl/分の流速で240秒間捕捉抗体表面上に注入し、そして変異体hPCSK9及び抗体の解離を20分間25℃にてリアルタイムでモニタリングした。nb:結合はこれらの実験条件下で認められなかった(KD=M×10-9;T1/2=分;WT=野生型)。
00N結合親和性及びT1/2が2〜>10倍の間で減少したことを示す。具体的には、S147又はV380のいずれかが突然変異した場合に、KDは約0.69×10-9Mから約2〜9×10-9Mの間まで減少し;一方でT1/2は約120分から約24〜66分の間まで短縮した。316Pと比べて、hPCSK9への300N結合は、残基238での突然変異によって低下しなかった。
抗PCSK9mAb316Pの血清LDL−C低下能力を、正脂血性及び高脂血性ゴールデンシリアンハムスター(Mesocricetus auratus)で試験した。6〜8週齢で80〜100g重量の雄のシリアンハムスターを、研究に登録する前7日間で順化するようにした。全動物を、標準固形飼料か又は0.1%コレステロール及び10%ココナツオイル補充高脂血性固形飼料で飼育した。316PmAbを、正脂血性ハムスターに対して1、3、又は10mg/kgの用量で、そして高脂血性ハムスターに対して3、10、又は30mg/kgの用量で、単回皮下注射によってハムスターに投与した。血清試料を注射後24時間及び7、14、及び22日に全群から採取し、その時点の血清脂質レベルを評価して、本mAbs投与の7日前に採取したベースラインレベルと比較した。正脂血性ハムスター中の循環総コレステロール及びLDL−Cは、ビヒクル注射と比べて用量依存的に顕著に低下した。図14に示すように、316Pの投与は、試験した最大用量(10mg/kg)で注射7日後に、60%までLDL−Cレベルを効果的に低下させた。316Pの類似のコレステロール低下効果は高脂血性ハムスターでは認められなかった。
Claims (1)
- ヒトプロタンパク質コンバターゼスブチリシン/ケキシン9型(hPCSK9)に特異的に結合する抗体または抗体の抗原結合フラグメントであって、配列番号90のアミノ酸配列を有するHCVR及び配列番号92のアミノ酸配列を有するLCVRを含む、上記抗体または抗体の抗原結合フラグメント。
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