JP4885144B2 - 表面処理された多孔性フィルム及びこれを用いた電気化学素子 - Google Patents
表面処理された多孔性フィルム及びこれを用いた電気化学素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4885144B2 JP4885144B2 JP2007542926A JP2007542926A JP4885144B2 JP 4885144 B2 JP4885144 B2 JP 4885144B2 JP 2007542926 A JP2007542926 A JP 2007542926A JP 2007542926 A JP2007542926 A JP 2007542926A JP 4885144 B2 JP4885144 B2 JP 4885144B2
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- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 65
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene group Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- MKGYHFFYERNDHK-UHFFFAOYSA-K P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ti+4].[Li+] MKGYHFFYERNDHK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
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- CVJYOKLQNGVTIS-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;lithium;titanium(4+);phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[Ti+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CVJYOKLQNGVTIS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000664 lithium aluminum titanium phosphates (LATP) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium;azanide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[NH2-] BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
そこで、本発明は、優れた接着力及び機械的な強度を有するスチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムによりコートされた多孔性フィルム及びその製造方法、前記多孔性フィルムを分離膜として用いた電気化学素子を提供することをその目的とする。
本発明は、気孔部を有する多孔性基材の表面及び/または前記基材のうち気孔部の一部をスチレン−ブタジエン系のゴムによりコートすることを特徴とする。このようにしてコートされた多孔性フィルムは、コート材料であるスチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムの物性によって電池の安全性の向上及び性能低下の防止を図ることができる。
さらに、耐熱性及び伝導性を図る目的で、従来のポリオレフィン系分離膜に無機物粒子を分散またはコートする場合、分離膜上にコートされた無機物粒子が脱離する現象が起こり、所望の効果を持続的に保持することができなかったが、本発明においては、無機物粒子同士の隙間により気孔構造が形成された有無機複合多孔性フィルム上に前記気孔構造を保持したまま、スチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムコート層が導入されることから、無機物粒子による耐熱性の効果及び機械的な強度の向上効果がそのまま発現することに加え、スチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムの優れた接着特性まで実現可能である。特に、スチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムが多孔性フィルムの表面だけではなく、フィルムに存在する気孔部の一部に浸透する場合、上述した効果が大きくなる。
前記バインダー高分子の非制限的な例としては、ポリビニリデンフルオライド−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン、ポリビニリデンフルオライド−トリクロロエチレン、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアセテート、エチレンビニルアセテート共重合体、ポリエチレンオキシド、セルロースアセテート、セルロースアセテートブチレート、セルロースアセテートプロピオネート、シアノエチルプルラン、シアノエチルポリビニルアルコール、シアノエチルセルロース、シアノエチルスクロース、プルラン、カルボキシルメチルセルロースまたはこれらの混合体などがある。
1−1.スチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムによりコートされた有無機複合多孔性フィルムの製造
ポリビニリデンフルオライド−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体(PVdF−HFP)高分子をテトラヒドロフラン(THF)に約5重量%添加した後、50℃の温度において約12時間以上溶解して高分子溶液を製造した。この高分子溶液にバリウムチタネート(BaTiO3)粉末を全体の固形分の20重量%の濃度にて添加して分散させ、混合溶液(BaTiO3/PVdF−HFP=70/30(重量比(%)))を製造した。このようにして製造された混合溶液をディップコート法を用いて厚さ20μmほどのポリエチレンテレフタレート多孔性基材(気孔度80%)にコートした。このとき、コートの厚さは、約2μm程度に調節した。気孔率測定装置により測定した結果、ポリエチレンテレフタレート多孔性基材に含浸及びコートされた活性層内の気孔径及び気孔度は、それぞれ0.4μm及び58%であった。
<陽極の製造>
陽極活物質としてLiCoO294重量%、導電剤としてカーボンブラック3重量%、結合剤としてPVdF3重量%を溶剤としてのN−メチル−2ピロリドン(NMP)に添加して陽極混合物スラリーを製造した。前記陽極混合物スラリーを陽極集電体である厚さ20μm程度のアルミニウム(Al)箔膜に塗布及び乾燥して陽極を製造した。
陰極活物質として炭素粉末、結合剤としてPVdF、導電剤としてカーボンブラックをそれぞれ96重量%、3重量%及び1重量%にして溶剤であるNMPに添加して陰極混合物スラリーを製造した。前記陰極混合物スラリーを陰極集電体である厚さ10μmの銅(Cu)箔膜に塗布及び乾燥して陰極を製造した。
前記陽極、陰極及び前記実施例1−1に従い製造された有無機複合多孔性フィルムを積層方式により組み立てた。この組み立てられた電池に1Mのリチウムヘキサフルオロフォスフェート(LiPF6)が溶解されたエチレンカーボネート/プロピレンカーボネート/ジエチルカーボネート(EC/PC/DEC=30:20:50重量%)系の電解液を注入してリチウム二次電池を製造した。
有無機複合多孔性フィルム(BaTiO3/PVDF−HFP)をスチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムが分散された溶液にコートしなかった以外は、前記実施例1の方法と同様にして有無機複合多孔性フィルム及びリチウム二次電池を製造した。
本発明によりスチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムによりコートされた有無機複合多孔性フィルムのバインディング能力及び接着力を評価するために、下記の如き実験を行った。
実施例1及び比較例1の有無機複合多孔性フィルムをそれぞれ用いて電極に積層した後、電極とフィルムとの接着性の評価を行った。
実施例1及び比較例1の有無機複合多孔性フィルムを用い、各フィルムに3Mテープを接着してから剥がすことにより、フィルムの剥がれのテストを行った。
Claims (18)
- (a)気孔部を有する多孔性基材と、
(b)前記基材の表面及び前記基材に存在する気孔部の一部よりなる群から選ばれた1種以上の領域に形成されたコート層と、
を含む多孔性フィルムにおいて、
前記コート層は、スチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムを含み、
前記スチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムは、マレイン酸、アクリル酸、アクリレート、カルボキシル酸、ニトリル基、ヒドロキシ基、メルカプト基、エーテル基、エステル基、アミド基、アミン基、アセテート基及びハロゲン原子よりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の親水性官能基を有しており、
前記スチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムに使用されるスチレン基含有モノマーとブタジエン基含有モノマーの重量比(%)が、1:99〜50:50である、ことを特徴とする、多孔性フィルム。 - 前記スチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムのガラス遷移温度(Tg)は、25℃以下である、請求項1に記載のフィルム。
- 前記親水性官能基は、他の基材と水素結合を形成するものである、請求項2に記載のフィルム。
- 前記スチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムは、
(a)ブタジエン基含有モノマー及びスチレン基含有モノマーが重合してなるゴムであるか、または(b)ブタジエン基含有モノマーと、スチレン基含有モノマーと、マレイン酸、アクリル酸、アクリレート、カルボン酸、ニトリル基、ヒドロキシ基、アセテート基、メルカプト基、エーテル基、エステル基、アミド基、アミン基、ハロゲン原子よりなる群から選ばれた1種以上の親水性官能基含有モノマーと、が重合してなるゴムである、請求項1に記載のフィルム。 - 前記スチレン−ブタジエン系ゴムの平均分子量は、10,000〜1,000,000の範囲である、請求項1に記載のフィルム。
- 前記コート層の厚さは、0.001〜10μmの範囲である、請求項1に記載のフィルム。
- 前記気孔部を有する多孔性基材は、
(a)分離膜と、
(b)気孔を有する多孔性基材の表面または前記基材のうち気孔部の一部が無機物粒子及びバインダー高分子の混合物によりコートされた有無機複合多孔性フィルムと、
(c)無機物粒子及び前記無機物粒子の表面の一部または全部に形成されたバインダー高分子コート層を含む有無機複合多孔性フィルムと、
よりなる群から選ばれた1種である、請求項1に記載のフィルム。 - 前記有無機複合多孔性フィルム(b)と(c)は、バインダー高分子により無機物粒子同士が固着され、無機物粒子同士の隙間により気孔構造が形成されている、請求項7に記載のフィルム。
- 前記分離膜及び多孔性基材の材料は、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエステル、ポリアセタル、ポリアミド、ポリカーボネート、ポリイミド、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリフェニレンスルフィドロ、ポリエチレンナフタレン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン及びポリオレフィンよりなる群から選ばれた1種以上である、請求項7に記載のフィルム。
- 前記分離膜及び多孔性基材は、膜または多孔性ウェブを含む繊維である、請求項7に記載のフィルム。
- 前記無機物粒子は、(a)誘電率定数が5以上の無機物粒子及び(b)リチウムイオン伝達能を有する無機物粒子よりなる群から選ばれた1種以上である、請求項7に記載のフィルム。
- 前記誘電率定数が5以上の無機物粒子はBaTiO3、Pb(Zr,Ti)O3(PZT)、Pb1−xLaxZr1−yTiyO3(PLZT)、PB(Mg3Nb2/3)O3−PbTiO3(PMN−PT)、ハフニア(HfO2)、SrTiO3、SnO2、CeO2、MgO、NiO、CaO、ZnO、ZrO2、SiO2、Y2O3、Al2O3、SiC、またはTiO2であり、
前記リチウム伝達能を有する無機物粒子は、リチウムフォスフェート(Li3PO4)、リチウムチタンフォスフェート(LixTiy(PO4)3(ここで、0<x<2、0<y<3である。)、リチウムアルミニウムチタンフォスフェート(LixAlyTiz(PO4)3(ここで、0<x<2、0<y<1、0<z<3である。)、(LiAlTiP)xOy(ここで、0<x<4、0<y<13である。)系のガラス、リチウムランタンチタネート(LixLayTiO3(ここで、0<x<2、0<y<3である。)、リチウムゲルマニウムチオフォスフェート(LixGeyPzSw(ここで、0<x<4、0<y<1、0<z<1、0<w<5である。)、リチウムナイトライド(LixNy(ここで、0<x<4、0<y<2である。)、SiS2(LixSiySz(ここで、0<x<3、0<y<2、0<z<4である。)系のガラスまたはP2S5系のガラス(LixPySz(ここで、0<x<3、0<y<3、0<z<7である。)である、請求項11に記載のフィルム。 - 前記バインダー高分子は、溶解度指数が15〜45MPa1/2の範囲である、請求項7に記載のフィルム。
- 前記バインダー高分子は、ポリビニリデンフルオライド−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン、ポリビニリデンフルオライド−トリクロロエチレン、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアセテート、エチレンビニルアセテート共重合体、ポリエチレンオキシド、セルロースアセテート、セルロースアセテートブチレート、セルロースアセテートプロピオネート、シアノエチルプルラン、シアノエチルポリビニルアルコール、シアノエチルセルロース、シアノエチルスクロース、プルラン、及びカルボキシルメチルセルロースよりなる群から選ばれた1種以上である、請求項13に記載のフィルム。
- 前記無機物粒子の含量は、無機物粒子とバインダー高分子の混合物の100重量部%当たり50〜99重量%である、請求項7に記載のフィルム。
- 前記多孔性フィルムの気孔径は0.001〜10μmの範囲であり、気孔度は10〜99%の範囲である、請求項1に記載のフィルム。
- 陽極、陰極、分離膜及び電解質を含む電気化学素子において、前記分離膜は、請求項1〜16のうちいずれかに記載の多孔性フィルムであって、(a)気孔部を有する多孔性基材と、(b)前記基材の表面及び前記基材に存在する気孔部の一部よりなる群から選ばれた1種以上の領域に形成されたスチレン−ブタジエン系含ゴムコート層と、を含む多孔性フィルムである、電気化学素子。
- 前記電気化学素子は、リチウム二次電池である、請求項17に記載の電気化学素子。
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KR20140124321A (ko) * | 2013-04-16 | 2014-10-24 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 세퍼레이터 및 이를 채용한 리튬전지 |
KR20160078132A (ko) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-04 | 국민대학교산학협력단 | 친수성 분리막의 소수성화 표면 개질 방법 및 이를 통하여 제조되는 소수성 분리막 |
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KR102209823B1 (ko) * | 2013-04-16 | 2021-01-29 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 세퍼레이터 및 이를 채용한 리튬전지 |
KR102210881B1 (ko) * | 2013-04-16 | 2021-02-03 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 세퍼레이터 및 이를 채용한 리튬전지 |
KR20160078132A (ko) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-04 | 국민대학교산학협력단 | 친수성 분리막의 소수성화 표면 개질 방법 및 이를 통하여 제조되는 소수성 분리막 |
KR101715229B1 (ko) | 2014-12-24 | 2017-03-22 | 국민대학교산학협력단 | 친수성 분리막의 소수성화 표면 개질 방법 및 이를 통하여 제조되는 소수성 분리막 |
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KR20060063751A (ko) | 2006-06-12 |
EP2544260A3 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
BRPI0517156A (pt) | 2008-09-30 |
RU2339120C1 (ru) | 2008-11-20 |
CA2589104C (en) | 2011-09-13 |
EP1834367B1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
CN100524896C (zh) | 2009-08-05 |
US8841031B2 (en) | 2014-09-23 |
BRPI0517156B1 (pt) | 2019-08-06 |
TW200635106A (en) | 2006-10-01 |
KR100758482B1 (ko) | 2007-09-12 |
EP1834367A1 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
CN101073169A (zh) | 2007-11-14 |
EP2544260B1 (en) | 2017-08-16 |
WO2006062349A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
US20090291360A1 (en) | 2009-11-26 |
CA2589104A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
EP1834367A4 (en) | 2010-03-24 |
JP2008521964A (ja) | 2008-06-26 |
TWI310253B (en) | 2009-05-21 |
BRPI0517156A8 (pt) | 2017-10-31 |
EP2544260A2 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
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