JP2016538709A - 酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016538709A JP2016538709A JP2016516937A JP2016516937A JP2016538709A JP 2016538709 A JP2016538709 A JP 2016538709A JP 2016516937 A JP2016516937 A JP 2016516937A JP 2016516937 A JP2016516937 A JP 2016516937A JP 2016538709 A JP2016538709 A JP 2016538709A
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- Prior art keywords
- titanium dioxide
- titanium oxide
- titanium
- electrode
- reduced
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 712
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 297
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 100
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 97
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 86
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910002367 SrTiO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NMJKIRUDPFBRHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Ti] NMJKIRUDPFBRHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
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- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 41
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 29
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229940024548 aluminum oxide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MEVMCNKXZSVAIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-fluoro-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound CN1CCC(F)C1=O MEVMCNKXZSVAIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);cobalt(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
Claims (24)
- 酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料であって、
前記酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料の活物質は、導電性酸化チタンであり、前記導電性酸化チタンは、亜酸化チタン、還元状態の二酸化チタン、又は還元状態の二酸化チタンにさらに元素をドープしたドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンであり、
前記酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料のキャリア濃度は>1018cm-3であり、
前記酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料は、1A/gの充放電電流での比容量が20F/g〜1740F/gであり、好ましくは54〜1670F/gであることを特徴とする、酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料。 - 前記酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料は、2mV/sの充放電速度での比容量が20F/g〜1872F/gであり、10mV/sの充放電速度での比容量が15F/g〜1130F/gであり、50mV/sの充放電速度での比容量が10F/g〜930F/gであり、100mV/sの充放電速度での比容量が10F/g〜571F/gであり、
1000回サイクルの後に<5%減衰し、5000回サイクルの後に<8%減衰し、及び、10000回サイクルの後に<10%減衰することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料。 - 前記酸化チタンベースの電極材料は、スーパーキャパシタにおいて陽極活性材料、陰極活性材料、又は協力材料として作用でき、
前記酸化チタンベースの電極材料は、陽極と陰極が共に酸化チタンベースの活性材料である対称型スーパーキャパシタを構成できることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料。 - 前記亜酸化チタン、還元状態の二酸化チタン、又はドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンの全体若しくは表面には、欠陥構造が含まれている非晶質層を有し、その内、ドープした前記元素は、金属元素及び/又は非金属元素を含み、前記金属元素は、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、銅、ニオブ、モリブデン、タンタル、ルテニウム、銀、プラチナ、タングステン、カドミウム、ロジウムのうちの1種又はいずれか2種以上の組合せを含み、前記非金属元素は、水素、窒素、炭素、ホウ素、硫、セレン、燐、フッ素、塩素、臭素、沃素のうちの1種又はいずれか2種以上の組合せを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1つに記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料。
- 前記非晶質層の厚さは、0.5nm以上であることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料。
- 前記欠陥構造は、酸素空孔、格子間チタン、及び/又はチタン-チタン直接結合を含むことを特徴とする、請求項4又は5に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料。
- 亜酸化チタン、還元状態の二酸化チタン、又はドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンの表面色は、導電性により、黄色から緑色、茶褐色、藍色、灰色、黒色にまで至ることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至5のいずれか1つに記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料。
- 請求項1乃至7のいずれか1つに記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料を含む酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極であって、
前記酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の活物質は、前記亜酸化チタン、還元状態の二酸化チタン、又は還元状態の二酸化チタンにさらに元素をドープしたドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンであることを特徴とする、酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極。 - 前記酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極は、導電基質及び導電基質に担持されている亜酸化チタン、還元状態の二酸化チタン、又はドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンを備え、
前記導電基質は、金属基質、炭素材料基質、及びFTO、ITO、AZO、ZnO:B、ZnO:Ga、ZnO:In、Cd2SnO4、Zn2SnO4、TiO2:Nb、SrTiO3:Nb、CuS、CuAlO2やCuAlS2から選択される導電ガラスを含むことを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極。 - 前記酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極は、前記亜酸化チタン、還元状態の二酸化チタン、又はドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンにより形成された酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ自立電極であることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極。
- 二酸化チタンに表面高度還元処理を行って亜酸化チタン若しくは還元状態の二酸化チタンを製造し、又は、二酸化チタンに表面高度還元処理及びドープ処理を行ってドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンを製造し、
前記亜酸化チタン、還元状態の二酸化チタン、又はドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンを助剤及び溶剤と混合してスラリーを作り、及び、
前記スラリーを導電基質に塗布して乾かし、導電基質に支持される二酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極を形成し、又は前記スラリーを乾かしてから粉体にしてペレット化することにより、酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ自立電極を製造することを含むことを特徴とする、請求項8乃至10のいずれか1つに記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。 - 前記助剤は、導電剤及び粘結剤を含む、ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。
- 二酸化チタンに表面高度還元処理を行って亜酸化チタン若しくは還元状態の二酸化チタンを製造することは、高活性金属又は還元雰囲気を用いて、二酸化チタンに表面高度還元処理を行って、亜酸化チタン又は還元状態の二酸化チタンを製造することを含み、
二酸化チタンに表面高度還元処理及びドープ処理を行ってドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンを製造することは、
高活性金属もしくは還元雰囲気を用いて、二酸化チタンに表面高度還元処理を行ってから、金属及び/又は非金属によるドープ処理を行い、又は、
二酸化チタンに金属及び/又は非金属によるドープ処理を行ってから、高活性金属もしくは還元雰囲気を用いて、ドープ元素がドープされている二酸化チタンに表面高度還元処理を行うことにより、ドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンを製造することであることを特徴とする、請求項11又は12に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。 - 前記導電剤は、アセチレンブラック、カーボンブラック、人造黒鉛、天然黒鉛、りん状黒鉛、気相成長炭素繊維、カーボンナノチューブ、金属粉末及びスチールファイバーのうちの1種又はいずれか2種以上の組合せを含むことを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。
- 前記粘結剤は、ポリ四弗化エチレン、ポリふっ化ビニリデン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリアクリルアミド、エチレン-プロピレン-ジエン共重合樹脂、ブタジエンスチレンゴム、ポリブタジエン、フッ素ゴム、ポリエポキシエチレン、ポリゼニールピロリドン、ポリエステル樹脂、アクリル樹脂、石炭酸樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール及びヒドロキシプロピルセルロースのうちの1種又はいずれか2種以上の組合せを含むことを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。
- 前記溶剤は、水、アルコール類、ポリアルコール類、テルペン類、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、炭酸ジメチル、炭酸ジエチル、酢酸エチル及びプロピオン酸メチルのうちの1種又はいずれか2種以上の組合せを含むことを特徴とする、請求項11乃至15のいずれか1つに記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。
- 前記スラリーにおいて、前記亜酸化チタン、還元状態の二酸化チタン、又はドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンの濃度が0.001〜1g/mlであり、前記粘結剤の濃度が1〜50mg/mlであり、前記導電剤と還元状態の二酸化チタン又はドーピング還元状態二酸化チタンとの質量比が(0.05〜10):1であることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。
- 前記塗布の方法は、浸し塗り方法、ナイフ塗布方法、スピン塗布方法、スプレー塗布方法、スクリーン印刷方法及び懸濁粒子浸漬塗布方法のうちの1種又はいずれか2種以上の組合せを含むことを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。
- 二酸化チタンを導電基質に担持させて乾かし、導電基質に支持される二酸化チタン電極を製造し、又は酸化チタンを含むスラリーを乾かしてから粉体にしてペレット化することにより、酸化チタン自立電極を製造し、及び、
導電基質に支持される二酸化チタン電極又は酸化チタン自立電極に表面高度還元処理及び/又はドープ処理を行って、前記スーパーキャパシタ電極を製造することを特徴とする、請求項8乃至10のいずれか1つに記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。 - 前記表面高度還元処理及び/又はドープ処理は、
高活性金属又は還元雰囲気を用いて、導電基質に支持される酸化チタン電極又は酸化チタン自立電極に表面高度還元処理を行うこと、
高活性金属又は還元雰囲気を用いて、導電基質に支持される酸化チタン電極又は酸化チタン自立電極に表面高度還元処理を行ってから、金属及び/又は非金属によるドープ処理を行うこと、又は、
導電基質に支持される酸化チタン電極又は酸化チタン自立電極に金属及び/又は非金属によるドープ処理を行ってから、高活性金属又は還元雰囲気を用いて表面高度還元処理を行うことであることを特徴とする、請求項19に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。 - 前記担持の方法は、浸し塗り方法、ナイフ塗布方法、スピン塗布方法、スプレー塗布方法、スクリーン印刷方法、懸濁粒子浸漬塗布方法、陽極電着塗装方法、陰極電着塗装方法、イオン電気泳動方法、噴霧熱分解方法、化学気相成長方法、及び物理気相成長方法のうちの1種又はいずれか2種以上の組合せを含むことを特徴とする、請求項19又は20に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。
- 前記表面高度還元処理及び/又は前記ドープ処理の処理温度は、200〜1000℃であり、処理時間は、2〜12時間であることを特徴とする、請求項20に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。
- 前記二酸化チタンは、非晶質型、アナターゼ型、ルチル型とブルッカイト型のうちの1種又はいずれか2種以上の組合せを含み、
前記二酸化チタンの微細形態は、ボール、ロッド、ベルト、パイプ及び不規則なポリゴンのうちの1種又はいずれか2種以上の組合せを含むことを特徴とする、請求項11乃至22のいずれか1つに記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極の製造方法。 - 前記酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料は、協力材料として、他のスーパーキャパシタの活性材料と混合して使用する場合、スーパーキャパシタの電気容量及びサイクル安定性を協力して向上できることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の酸化チタンベースのスーパーキャパシタ電極材料の応用。
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