JP2015169424A - 空気液化分離装置及び方法 - Google Patents
空気液化分離装置及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 425
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 344
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 158
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
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- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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- F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
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- F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04793—Rectification, e.g. columns; Reboiler-condenser
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices
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- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
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Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- 圧縮、精製、冷却した原料空気を中圧塔、低圧塔及び粗アルゴン塔で深冷液化分離することによってアルゴンを採取する空気分離装置において、前記低圧塔の上下方向中間部に、鉛直方向の第1中間蒸留通路と第2中間蒸留通路とを併設した中間分割蒸留部を設け、前記第1中間蒸留通路の内部に第1中間蒸留通路上部蒸留部と第1中間蒸留通路下部蒸留部とを設け、該第1中間蒸留通路上部蒸留部と第1中間蒸留通路下部蒸留部との間に、前記粗アルゴン塔に向けてフィードアルゴンガスを導出するフィードアルゴンガス経路と、前記粗アルゴン塔から戻される戻りフィードアルゴン液流体を導入する戻りフィードアルゴン液流体経路とを設け、前記第2中間蒸留通路の内部に第2中間蒸留通路上部蒸留部と第2中間蒸留通路下部蒸留部とを設け、該第2中間蒸留通路上部蒸留部と第2中間蒸留通路下部蒸留部との間に、低圧空気を上昇ガスとして導入する低圧空気導入経路を設け、前記中間分割蒸留部の上方の低圧塔内に、低圧塔上部第1蒸留部と、該低圧塔上部第1蒸留部の上方に配置された低圧塔上部第2蒸留部と、該低圧塔上部第2蒸留部の上方に配置された低圧塔上部第3蒸留部とを設け、低圧塔上部第1蒸留部と低圧塔上部第2蒸留部との間に、前記中圧塔から導出した中圧酸素富化液を減圧した低圧酸素富化液を導入する低圧酸素富化液導入経路を設け、低圧塔上部第2蒸留部と低圧塔上部第3蒸留部との間に、廃窒素ガスを導出する廃窒素ガス導出経路を設けるとともに、低圧塔上部第3蒸留部の上部に低圧窒素ガスを導出する低圧窒素ガス導出経路を設け、前記中間分割蒸留部の下方の低圧塔内に、低圧塔下部蒸留部を設け、該低圧塔下部蒸留部の下方に主凝縮器と低圧酸素ガス導出経路とを設けたことを特徴とする空気液化分離装置。
- 前記中間分割蒸留部は、前記低圧塔の上下方向中間部に設けられた鉛直方向の仕切り部材によって第1中間蒸留通路と第2中間蒸留通路とが区画されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の空気液化分離装置。
- 前記低圧塔は、前記低圧塔上部第1蒸留部、前記低圧塔上部第2蒸留部及び前記低圧塔上部第3蒸留部を備えた上部低圧塔と、前記第1中間蒸留通路を備えた中間部第1低圧塔と、前記第2中間蒸留通路を備えた中間部第2低圧塔と、前記低圧塔下部蒸留部を備えた下部低圧塔とで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の空気液化分離装置。
- 前記第1中間蒸留通路及び前記第2中間蒸留通路は、各通路に向かって上昇する上昇ガス量及び各通路に向かって下降する下降液量の少なくとも一つを調節する流量調節手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項記載の空気液化分離装置。
- 前記第2中間蒸留通路の低圧空気導入経路から導入される低圧空気は、前記粗アルゴン塔に設けられているアルゴン凝縮器で気化した低圧空気であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項記載の空気液化分離装置。
- 前記低圧塔上部第1蒸留部と前記低圧塔上部第2蒸留部との間に、前記原料空気の一部を膨張タービンで膨張させたタービン膨張低圧空気を上昇ガスとして導入するタービン膨張低圧空気導入経路が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項記載の空気液化分離装置。
- 圧縮、精製、冷却した原料空気を中圧蒸留工程、低圧蒸留工程及び粗アルゴン蒸留工程で深冷液化分離することによってアルゴンを採取する空気分離方法において、前記低圧蒸留工程の中間部で、互いに独立した第1中間蒸留工程と第2中間蒸留工程とを並行して行う中間分割蒸留工程を行い、前記第1中間蒸留工程では第1中間蒸留工程上部蒸留段階と第1中間蒸留工程下部蒸留段階とを行い、該第1中間蒸留工程上部蒸留段階と第1中間蒸留工程下部蒸留段階との間で、前記粗アルゴン蒸留工程に向けてフィードアルゴンガスを導出するフィードアルゴンガス導出工程と、前記粗アルゴン蒸留工程から戻される戻りフィードアルゴン液流体を導入する戻りフィードアルゴン液流体導入工程とを行い、前記第2中間蒸留工程では、第2中間蒸留工程上部蒸留段階と第2中間蒸留工程下部蒸留段階とを行い、該第2中間蒸留工程上部蒸留段階と第2中間蒸留工程下部蒸留段階との間で、低圧空気を上昇ガスとして導入する低圧空気導入工程を行い、前記中間分割蒸留工程の上方の低圧蒸留工程では、低圧蒸留上部第1蒸留段階と、該低圧蒸留上部第1蒸留段階の上方の低圧蒸留上部第2蒸留段階と、該低圧蒸留上部第2蒸留段階の上方の低圧蒸留上部第3蒸留段階とを行い、低圧蒸留上部第1蒸留段階と低圧蒸留上部第2蒸留段階との間で、前記中圧蒸留工程から導出した中圧酸素富化液を減圧した低圧酸素富化液を導入する低圧酸素富化液導入工程を行い、低圧蒸留上部第2蒸留段階と低圧蒸留上部第3蒸留段階との間で、廃窒素ガスを導出する廃窒素ガス導出工程を行うとともに、低圧蒸留上部第3蒸留段階の上部で低圧窒素ガスを導出する低圧窒素ガス導出工程を行い、前記中間分割蒸留工程の下方の低圧蒸留工程では、低圧蒸留下部蒸留段階を行い、該低圧蒸留下部蒸留段階の下方で低圧液化酸素を気化させて低圧酸素ガスとする間接熱交換工程と、低圧酸素ガス導出工程とを行うことを特徴とする空気液化分離方法。
- 前記第1中間蒸留工程及び前記第2中間蒸留工程における下降液量及び上昇ガス量の少なくとも一つを調整可能としたことを特徴とする請求項7記載の空気液化分離方法。
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