FI58255B - Engaongsbloeja - Google Patents
Engaongsbloeja Download PDFInfo
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- FI58255B FI58255B FI3350/74A FI335074A FI58255B FI 58255 B FI58255 B FI 58255B FI 3350/74 A FI3350/74 A FI 3350/74A FI 335074 A FI335074 A FI 335074A FI 58255 B FI58255 B FI 58255B
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- disposable diaper
- absorbent body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
- A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
- A61F13/49017—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means being located at the crotch region
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Description
GjäCT ΓβΊ «-nKUULUTUSJULKAISU
jKTa lbj (11) utläggningsskrift ooZbo (4s> ‘ (51) Kv.ik.3/intci.3 A 41 B 13/02 // A 61 P 13/18 SUOMI —FINLAND (21) Ptuntllhritemu· —Λ«#ΛβηΛΙ»ηΙη| 3350/7*+ (22) Hak*mltpUvl —Ameicnlngidtg 20.11.7*+ (23) AlkupUvt—Glltl(h«tsdt| 20.11.71+ (41) Tullut |ulklMlui — Bltvft offmcllg 22.05*75
Patentti· ja rekisterihallitut .... .........., . .. ... __ ' (44) Nlhtivilulpanon Jt kuuL|utkalam pvm. —
Patent- och registerstyrelaen Ansakin utitgd och uti.$krHt*n publkertd 30.09.80 — (32)(33)(31) pyydetty •tuolknn —Bsjlrd prlorltet 21.11.73 US A (US) 1+1811+7 ^ (71) The Procter & Gamble Company, 301 East Sixth Street, Cincinnati,
Ohio 1+5202, USA(US) (72) Kenneth Barclay Buell, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA(US) (7*0 Oy Kolster Ab (5I+) Kertäkäyttövaippa - Engängsblöja
Keksintö koskee yleisesti mukana kuljetettavia välineitä, jotka on tarkoitettu ottamaan vastaan tai jotka pyrkivät ottamaan vastaan kehon eritteitä, ja erityisesti se koskee kertakäyttöisiä vauvanvaippoja, virtsanpidätys-kyvyttömyystapauksissa käytettäviä vaippoja yms., jotka on tarkoitettu pidet-^ täväksi vartalon alaosan ympärillä,ja joissa on kokoonvetäytyvä osa, joka mukautuu kehon muotoon ja sallii kehon liikkua pysyen tällöin koko ajan sen kosketuksessa.
— Imukykyiset välineet, kuten kertakäyttövaipat ovat hyvin tunnettuja. Nii tä käytetään imemään ihmiskehosta tulevaa nestettä ja pidättämään tämän nesteen. Nykyiset kertakäyttövaipat ovat yleensä eri ainaisista arkeista koottuja litteitä kappaleita, jotka asetetaan vauvan ympärille litteässä tilassa tai jotka on geometrisesti laskostettu vauvalle sopivaan muotoon. Näiden kaikkien vaippojen suurena käytännön ongelmana on, että vaipan ja vauvan jalan väliin tahtoo syntyä aukkoja tai rakoja imukykyisen kappaleen puoli-jäykän luonteen vuoksi, etenkin jonkin aikaa kestäneen vaipan käytön jälkeen. Vaippa alkaa vuotaa näistä raoista, jolloin vauvan yllä olevat vaatteet ja hänen ympärillään olevat vuodevaatteet kostuvat tai kastuvat.
Kertakäyttövaippoihin liittyy muovihousuissa pidettäviin kangasvaippoi-hin verrattuna tavallisesti yksineulakiinnitykset vyötäisten kohdalta. Yksi- 2 58255 nauhakiinnity s kummallakin sivulla tai yksineulakiinnitys tahtovat panna äidin valitsemaan joko jalka-aukkovuodon tai vyörätövuodon. Äidit voivat kiinnittää neulalla tai nauhalla kertakäyttövaipan "alhaalta", niin että sen reuna kietoutuu tiukasti reiden ympärille ja siten minimoi jalkavuodon, mutta vain vaipan etuosan vaarantamisen kustannuksella sen avautuessa tai pullistuessa pussiksi ulospäin. Kun lapsen odotetaan nukahtavan , äiti voi estää tämän pussimaiseksi pullistumisen kiinnittämällä vaippa nauhalla tai neulalla "ylhäältä" uuman kohdalta, mikä ei esteettisesti ole kovinkaan hyväksyttävä, mutta minimoi uumavuodon, vaikkakin lisääntyneen jalavuodon kustannuksella.
Yllä mainitut epäkohdat on voitettu muovihousuissa pidettävillä kangas-vaipoilla, koska muovihousujen lahkeet ja utuna on tavallisesti tehty joustaviksi ja joko niissä on yleensä useita painonappeja (neppareita) molemmilla sivuilla (uumassa, lahkeessa ja välikohdassa) tai ne ovat "jalkaanvedettä-vät" housut, joissa ei tarvita lainkaan nappeja. Eräs kertakäyttövaippoJen suunnittelijoiden eteen tuleva ongelma on kehittää vaippa, jossa yksi suljin kummallakin sivulla voi onnistuneesti sulkea vaipan niin reiden kuin uumankin kohdalta käyttämättä liialti kallista nauhaa tai monia neuloja tai nauhoja.
Jos kertakäyttövaippoja voitaisiin valmistaa mukautuvista kudotuista materiaaleista, tämä ei olisi vakava pulma. Siitä tulee kuitenkin vakava pulma, kun havaitaan, että paperipohjaiset vaipat ovat huomattavasti vähemmän mukautuvia kuin (tekstiili) kangasvaipat eivätkä sen vuoksi veny ja mukaudu helposti kehon liikkeisiin* Katkaisua tähän pulmaan, johon liittyy imutyynyn tai -kappaleen käyttö kertakäyttömuovihousujen yhtenäisenä osana ei löydy aiemmin tunnetuista itsenäisesti käytettävistä kiinnittämättömistä, monikertakäyttöön tarkoitetuista muovihousuista.
Tunnettu tekniikka opettaa jalka-aukkojen joustavaksi tekemistä sellaisissa vaipanpäällisissä tai -pitimissä kuin on esitetty US-patenteissa 5 000 381, 2 969 065, 2 675 Θ05, 2 509 674 ja 2 468 445· Koko tämä tunnettu tekniikka koskee ja esittää joustavia jalka-aukkoja välineisiin tai rakenteisiin, jotka eivät muodoeta yhtenäisen kertakäyttövaipan osaa, mutta ei paljasta joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän sivukaistaleen pulmia ja etuja yhtenäisessä kertakäyttövaipassa. Tämä aiemmin tunnettu tekniikka (mainitut patentit) koskee ja käsittelee erilaisia muovihousuja, jotka pannaan jo vauvan ympärille asetetun vaipan päälle, tai erillistä pidintä irrotettaville imukappaleille, jotka pidin pitää paikallaan.
Niinpä tunnetussa tekniikassa esitetään pikemminkin erillisiä laitteita, jotka vaativat asetustoimenpiteen käyttäjältä, kuin yhtenäinen imukykyinen väline, jossa on joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät jalka-aukot, eikä siinä opeteta, miten voitetaan probleemat, jotka liittyvät joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvien sivukaistaleiden yhdistämiseen puolijäykkään imukappaleeseen.
5S255
Esillä olevan keksinnön yhtenä tavoitteena on saada aikaan yhtenäinen ker-takäyttövaippa, jossa on joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät jalka-aukot.
Keksinnön toisena tavoitteena on saada aikaan kertakäyttövaippa, jossa on yhtenäiset, joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät jalka-aukot ja jossa on tarvittavan leveä ja taipuisa sivukaistale jatkuvan luistamat toman kosketuksen antamiseksi käyttäjän kehoon ja siten parannetun nesteen vetävyyden aikaansaamiseksi.
Keksinnön yhtenä tavoitteena on saada aikaan yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, jossa on verrattoman joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvä sivukaistale.
Keksinnön lisätavoitteena on saada aikaan yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, jossa joustoelimen päät peittävät imukykyistä kappaletta.
Keksinnön eräänä tavoitteena on saada aikaan yhtäläinen kertakäyttövaippa, jossa on joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät jalka-aukot ja jossa imukappaleen poimuttu-mista haara-alueella on ehkäisty.
Keksinnön vielä yhtenä tavoitteeia on saada aikaan yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, jossa on joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät jalka-aukot ja jossa joustoelin on sijoitettu sivulle imukappaleen haarovälialueen reunan ja takaosan reunan väliin.
Esillä olevan keksinnön mukaan saadaan aikaan yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, jonka etu- ja takareuna ovat olennaisesti samansuuntaiset ja jossa on poikittainen viiteviiva, joka on olennaisesti etu- ja takareunan suuntainen ja sijaitsee niiden välissä, etuosa, joka ulottuu etureunasta poikittaiseen viiteviivaan, takaosa, joka ulottuu takareunasta poikittaiseen viiteviivaan ja haara-alue, jonka likimain keskelle poikittainen viiteviiva sijoittuu; jolloin vaippa käsittää takakappaleen, takakappaleen päälle asetetun imukykyisen puolijäykän runkokappaleen, jonka Taher-jäykkyys on ainakin 7 gcm ja joka pidetään olennaisesti paikallaan suhteessa taka-kappaleeseen, sekä sivukaistaleen, joka ulottuu kustakin imukykyisen kappaleen sivu-reunasta ulospäin ja sitä pitkin, ja jolle on tunnusomaista, että kukin sivukaistale on taipuisa ja että siihen on kiinnitetty joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvässä tilassa joustoelin, jotta sivukaistaleeseen saadaan aikaan sen läpi kulkeva joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvä viiva, jota myöten joustoelin pyrkii vetämään kokoon ja kokoamaan sivukaistalettä, jolloin joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän viivan suurin etäisyys puoli-jäykän imukykyisen kappaleen sivureunasta on vähintään 19 mm vaipan haara-alueella, jolloin sivukaistaleet ovat käytössä mukautuvat ja muodostavat tehokkaan tiivistyksen käyttäjän kummankin jalan ympärille.
Vaikkakin selitys päättyy patenttivaatimuksiin, jotka selvästi määrittävät keksinnön kohteen, arvellaan, että keksintö ymmärretään paremmin seuraavasta selosteesta ja oheisista piirustuksista, joissa eräiden aineiden paksuutta on selvyyden vuoksi liioiteltu ja joissa kuvio 1 on päällikuva keksinnön mukaisesta kertakäyttövaipasta aukilevitet-tynä ja osittain leikattuna; kuvio 2 on poikkileikkauskuva kuvion 1 vaipasta linjaa 2-2 pitkin; kuvio 3 on pituusieikkauskuva kuvion 1 vaipasta linjaa 3-3 pitkin; 11 58255 kuvio U on perspektiivikuva kuvion 1 vaipasta vauvan ympärille asetetussa muodossaan^ kuvio 5 on osittain leikattu päällikuva keksinnön mukaisen vaipan toisesta suor itu smuodo st a j kuvio T on poikkileikkauskuva kuvion 5 vaipasta laskostettuna "Z”-muotoon ja kuviot 8 ja 9 ovat imukappaleitten vaihtoehtoisia suoritusmuotoja.
Kuvioissa 1,2,3 ja b esitetään yhtenäisen kertakäyttövaipan edullinen suoritusmuoto, jossa on puolijäykkä imukykyinen kappale ja tämän keksinnön mukaiset joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät, taipuisat sivuosat (nimitetään tästedes sivukaistaleik-si). Yhtenäisessä kertakäyttÖvaipassa 21, joka ei vaadi erillisiä osia, kuten eril-lista pidintä ja sisäosaa, on takakappale 22, päällikappale 23, paksumpi imukappale 2k ja sivukaistale 25 vaipan kummallakin sivulla. Joustavan, kokoonvetäytyvän viivan tai linjan saamiseksi sivukaistaleisiin 25 on näihin kumpaankin yhdistetty jousto-elin 26, joka muodostaa joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän osan kumpaankin sivukaistalee-seen. Kiinnitysnauha 27 on esitetty yhdeksi mahdolliseksi elimeksi kertakäyttövaipan kiinnittämiseksi vauvan ympärille.
Kummankin sivukaistaleen 25 joustava osa olisi asetettava riittävän etäälle puolijäykästä imukappaleesta 2b, jotta sivukaistaieen läpi menevä joustavasti ko-koonvetäytyvä viiva tai linja pysyisi hyvässä tiukkuudessa jalan ympärille käytössä normaalisti esiintyvien jalan/vaipan liikkeitten aikana. Taipuisan sivukaistaieen edullisen minimileveyden (leveys on siis poikittainen etäisyys joustavasti kokoon-vetäytyvästä viivasta puolijäykän imukappaleen lähimpään reunaan) pitää mitallises-ti vastata joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän linjan tai viivan suurimman odotetun pit-kittäissiirtymän puoliskoa siinä kohdassa, jossa tätä tapahtuu normaalissa käytössä.
Koska suurimmat siirtymät käytössä tapahtuvat normaalisti haarovälialueella, olisi edullista, että sivukaistale olisi leveimmillään tällä alueella. Lisäksi koska jal- — kojen suhteelliset liikkeet yläosassa lantion alueella ovat huomattavasti vähäisemmät, sivukai stal eet voivat olla kapeammat tällä alueella vähentämättä niiden mukautuvuus- ja vetävyysominaisuuksia. _
Kertakäyttövaipassa 21 on pitkittäinen viiteviiva 28, poikittainen viiteviiva 29, takaosa 30, etuosa 31, takauumaosa 32, etu-uumaosa 33 ja haarovälialue 3^·
Takaosa 30 on yleensä vaipan se osa, joka ulottuu poikittaisesta viiteviivas-ta 29 vaipan takareunaan 35. Etuosa 31 on yleensä vaipan se osa, joka ulottuu poikittaisesta viiteviivasta 29 vaipan etureunaan 36. Takauumaosa 32 on vaipan takareunaan 35 rajoittuva ja sen suuntainen osa. Etu-uumaosa 33 on vaipan etupäähän eli -reunaan 36 rajoittuva ja sen suuntainen osa. Uumaosat 32 ja 33 toimivat yhdessä, kun vaippa pannaan vauvan päälle ja kiinnitetään hänen uumansa ympärille ja kun ne pitävät vaipan vauvan yllä. Uumaosien leveys voi vaihdella, mutta tavallisesti niiden leveys on n. 25-65 mm ja ne ovat vaipan koko leveyden mittaiset sen kummassakin päässä. Niidai tehollisen käyttöleveyden määrää ensi sijassa vaipan kiinnitys el in, 5 58255 esim. kiinitysnauha 27·
Vaipan haara-alue 34 on se vaipan alue, joka tavallisesti sijoitetaan suoraan jalkojen väliin ja vauvan vartalon alaosan ympärille ja se on keski-öity suunnilleen poikittaiseen viiteviivaan 29-
Vaipan edullinen suoristusmuoto, jossa on tämän keksinnön parannus, esitetään kuvioissa 1,2,3 ja 4· Tässä vaipassa on tiimalasin muotoinen imuky-kyinen kappale 24, jolloin tämä on vaipan uumaosissa 32 ja 33 leveämpi kuin haara-alueella 34, niin että uumaoeien kuhunkin sivureunaosaan muodostuu ulokkeet 37,38,39 ja 40. Imukappaleen imukykyinen aine voi dia mitä tahansa sidetarvikealaan perehtyneille tunnettua ainetta, esim. monikerroksista kre-pattua selluloosavanua, kuohkeaksi kuivattua selluloosakuitua tai puumassaa -toisinaan "airfel’iksi" kutsuttua puuvanuketta -, tekstiilikuitua tai muuta imukykyistä ainetta. Krepatusta selluloosavanusta valmistettu hyväksyttävä imukappale 24 käsittäisi 10 kerrosta vanua (kuituharsoa), jonka pintapaino (ilmakuivattuna) ennen kreppausta on 21-24,5 g/m .
Vanukerroksilla voi olla 60 <$> tai suurempi kreppaus. Kreppausprosentti = 100 x kreppauksen --neuttama paperikappaleen pituuden vähentymä jaettuna kreppaamattoman pc,perikappaleen pituudella. Toinen nykyisin edullisena pidetty imukappale valmistetaan "airfelt"-vanusta ja tavallisesti päällystetään ylä- ja alapinnaltaan kuitukangaskerroksella. "Airfelt"-vanukkeen Ja kuitukankaan (harsokankaan) yhdistelmän pintapaino päiväkäyttöön n. 6-12,5 kg:n painoisille vauvoille tarkoitetussa vaipassa olevassa imukappaleessa on tavaili-eesti 500 g/m .
Kertakäyttövaippojen imukappaleet tai -tyynyt ovat luonteeltaan puoli-jäykkiä niissä käytetyn imukykyisen aineen johdosta. Tällaisten imukappa-leitten jäykkyyden mitta on "Taber Stiffness" TAPPI standardin T489 0S-70 mukaan, ja keksinnön tarkoituksiin pidetään puolijäykkänä imukykyistä kappaletta, jonka "Taber Stiffness" on 7 Scm tai suurempi.
Imukappale antaa vaipalle ja sen ulokkeille sellaisen taivutusjäykkyyden, että ulokkeet kestävät sisäänpäin vaikuttavia voimia pysyen ulospäin osoittavassa asennossa (kuvio l) joutuessaan altiiksi kohtuullisille, niitä sisäänpäin vetäville voimille.Tämä yhtenäisen vaipan ulokkeitten taivutusjäykkyys on n. 20-200 g per 25 mm:n levyinen kaista 90° mutkan synnyttämiseksi siihen mitattuna pakkausteollisuuden standardikoetuskoneella, so. PCA Score Bebd Tester valmistaja Thwing-Albert Instrument Company, Philadelphia, Pa, USA, standardin mukaan, joka oli esitetty koneen käyttöohjeissa.
Keksintö antaa suurimman edun, kun imukappale 24 on puolijäykkä kappale. Imukappale kiinnitetään verrattain liikkumattomaksi sivukaistalaiden 23 suhteen, toisin sanoen takakappale 22 ei liu'u edestakaisin imukappaleen päällä, mikä on mahdollista erillisen vaipan ja tavanomaisten muovihousujen yhdistel- 6 58255 mässä. Imukappale voidaan tehdä liikkumattomaksi sivukaistaleiden suhteen, kun takakappaleen osa on sivukaistaleessa, esim. takakappale ja imukappale sidotaan yhteen, imukappale sidotaan päällikappaleeseen ja päällikappale taka-kappaleeseen tai pelkästään imukappale asetetaan tiukasti päällikappaleen ja takakappaleen väliin.
Kuten kuviossa 1 esitetään, imukappaleen 24 sivureunat 41 on suunnattu vaipan päistä vinosti vaipan keskustaakohti tiimalasin muotoisen imukappaleen muodostamiseksi. Etuosassa 31 oleva imukappaleen 24 sivureuna 41 muodostaa poikittaisen keskiviivan 29 kanssa sivukaistaleen kulman oc. Takaosassa 30 oleva imukappaleen 24 sivureuna 41 muodostaa poikittaisen keskiviivan 29 kanssa sivukaistaleen kulman β. Kulman a pitäisi olla 20-63° ja edullisesti n.
52°. Kulman β tulisi olla 20-70°, edullisesti n. 5Θ°· Jos a ja β ovat vierekkäin, kuten kuviossa 1 on esitetty, eivätkä haarovälialueella olevan pääasiassa suoraviivaisen segmentin erottamat, niin silloin minimin a plus β tulisi olla n. 90°. Imukappaleen 24 sivureunat 41 voivat olla joko suora- tai käyräviivaiset. Jos reunat 41 ovat käyräviivaiset, kulma o tai β on etuosassa 31 tai takaosassa 30 olevan kaaren jänteen ja poikittaisen viiteviivan 29 välinen kulma.
Imukappaleen 24 leveys takapäässä 35 tai etupäässä 36 on yleensä 203-330 mm, 203-530 mm, edullisesti 280 mm. Imukappaleen 24 leveys poikittaisen viiteviivan 29 kohdalla, missä se on pienimmillään tiimalasin muotoisessa imutyynyssä, on n. 23-152 mm, edullisesti n. 50-76 mm. Imukappaleen 24 pituus on tavallisesti 280-457 uus, edullisesti n. 406 mm. Imukappaleen 24 kapein osa, so. leveys poikittaisen keskiviivan 29 kohdalla, on edullisesti siirretty 0-76 mm ja edullisemmin n. 13 ma imukappaleen etuosaa kohti sen poikittaiselta keskiviivalta.
Imukappale 24 asetetaan takakappaleen 22 päälle ja edullisesti kiinnite- _ tään siihen alan ammattimiesten hyvin tuntemilla kiinnityselimillä , esim. kaksipuolisilla paineherkillä liima- tai tarrahauboilla, kuumasulaliimoilla tai muilla liimoilla. Imukappale 24 voidaan kiinnittää takakappaleeseen 22 jatkuvalla tasaisella 1ilmakerroksella kuvioidulla 1ilmakerroksella tai useilla erillisillä liimatäplillä. Lisäksi on todettu olevan edullista kiinnittää imukappaleen 24 sivureunat 41 sivukaistaleeseen esim. takakappaleen välityksellä reunankiinnitteellä 42. Reunankiinnite 42 huolehtii sivukaistaleen 25 ja sitä vastaavan imukappaleen sivureunan keskinäisestä kiinnityksestä takakappaleen välityksellä.
Takakappale 22, on taipuisa, kosteutta läpäisemätön arkkikappale, joka edullisesti on pienitiheyksinen, läpikuultamaton, n. 0,025 mm:n paksuinen polyeteenikalvo, esim. Monsanto Chemical Companyltä nimellä Film, nto 8020 saatava polyeteenikalvo. Tässä suoritusmuodossa takakappale 22 on muunnetun tiimalasin muotoinen ja ulottuu imukappaleen kehän ulkopuolelle sen joka kohdassa. Takakappale ulottuu kummassakin päässä imukappaleen ulkopuolelle 7 58255 n. 13 mm:n verran. Sivuilla takakappale ulottuu imukappaleen sivureunojen ulkopuolelle ja kulkee näiden suuntaisena jonkin matkaa kummastakin päästä. Imukappaleen kavetessa haara-aluetta 34 kohti takakappaleen kehä on oleellisen suoraviivainen ja pitkittäisen keskiviivan 28 suuntainen, kuten reuna 44 kuviossa 1, joten takakappale on tässäkohdin imukappaletta paljon leveämpi ja sivukaistale 25 levenee koko ajan poikittaiseen viiteviivaan 29 asti. Tämä takakappaleen kehän suoraviivainen osa muodostaa sivukaistaleen 25 kokoonve-täytyvän reunan 44· Takakappaleen 22 sivureunan suoraviivainen osa on suurin piirtein 127 - 305 mm:n pituinen ja päiväkäyttökokoisessa vaipassa n. 230 mm:n pituinen. Takakappale 22 on edullista kohokuvioida ja/tai karhentaa.
Takakappaleen osa, joka ulottuu imukappaleen sivureunojen 41 ulkopuolel-^ le vaipan haara-alueelle 34* muodostaa sivukaistaleen 25 osan.
Takakappaleen 22 yllä kuvatusta ja kuviossa 1 esitetystä muunnetusta tii-malasimuodosta on tuloksena vaippa, jonka sivureunanpituus on euurempi kuin sen pitkittäisen viiteviivan pituus. Tämä pituusero mahdollistaa paremman sopiman ajateltaessa ihmisen, joko lapsen tai aikuisen anatomiaa. Sivureunan pituus on suurempi kuin vaipan pitkittäisen v iiteviivan pituus.
^äällikappale 23 on tässä suoritusmuodossa samankokoinen kuin takakappale 22 ja asetetaan tämän päälle imukappaleen 24 jäädessä niiden väliin. Pääl-likappale 23 kiinnitetään takakappaleeseen 22 siellä, missä niiden pinnat kohtaavat, so. imukappaleen 24 kehän ulkopuolisilla alueilla, päällikappaleen ja takakappaleen kiinnitteellä 43, joka on erittäin taipuisaa, etenkin sivukaistaleen 25 alueella. Niinpä sivukaistaleeseen 25 sisältyy tässä edullisessa suoritusmuodossa takakappaleen ja päällikappaleen osia ja samanlaajui-nen kiinnite niiden välissä, Päällikappale 23 voi olla jokin mukautuva, pehmeältä tuntuva, huokoinen paperi- tai ηοη-woven kangaskappale tai -arkki. Eräs esimerkki siitä on ns. kuitukangasarkki, joka on valmistettu 1,5“5»0 denierin raionista (viskoosi-kuidusta) ja jossa on n. 20-35 # sidosainetta (esim. akryylihappojen esterin sekapolymeeri, jota Rohm & Haas Company myy nimellä Rhoplex, HA-8) ja ~ jonka pintapaino on n. 18-23 g/m . Toinen hyväksi koettu esimerkki päällikap- palsesta on kuitukangas (non-voven kangas), jossa on 35-64 $> l#5-3*0 denierin polyesterikuitua, 14-40 $ 1,5-3*0 denierin raionkuitua (viskoosikuitua) ja m. 20-30 fo sideainetta, esim. yllä mainittua Rhoplex HA-8. Tämän kuitukankaan pintapaino on n. 30-42 g/m ja paksuus 0,41-0,51 mm.
Tämän edullisen suoritusmuodon mukaisen vaipan kumpikin sivukaistale on olennaisesti kolmiomainen ja voidaan karkeasti määritellä rajoittuvaksi imukappaleen 24 sivureunaan 41 vaipan takaosassa 3°, imukappaleen sivureu-naan 41 vaipan etuosassa 31 ja sivukaistaleen läpi kulkevaan joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvään viivaan, jonka joustava elin 26 määrittää ja joka tässä suoritusmuodossa on Joustavan elimen 26 kokoonvetäytyvä ulkoreuna. Sivukaistaleen 25 pitäisi olla erittäin taipuisa ja siten kokoonvedettävä. Niinpä sen
s SS25S
taivutusjäykkyys ei saisi ylittää n. 6 gcm (grammasenttimetriä) sen tulisi edullisesti olla n. 3 gcm ja mieluummin alle 0,5 gcm mitattuna Taber Stiffness kojeella TAPPIn standardin T489 0S-70 mukaan. Tässä suoritusmuodossa sivu-kaistale koostuu takakappaleen materiaalista, päällikappaleen materiaalista ja näiden kiinnitteestä. Täten päällikappaleen/takakappaleen kiinnitteen täytyy myös olla erittäin taipuisaa ainetta.
Joustoelin 26 yhdistetään sivukaistaleeseen 23 joustavasti kokoonvetäyty-väseä tilassa, niin että palatessaan normaalisti jännittymättömään muotoonsa joustoelin 26 vetää kokoon tai kerää ympäriltään sivukaistaleen materiaalia joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän viivan muodostamiseksi sivukaistaleeseen suurin piirtein tämän ulkosivureunan 44 läheisyyteen. _
Joustoelin voidaan yhdistää sivukaistaleeseen joustavasti kokoonvetäyty-vässä tilassa ainakin kahdella tavalla, so. venyttää joustoelin ja kiinnittää se venytetyssä tilassa sivukaistaleeseen tämän ollessa kokoonvetäytymättömäs-sä eli venytetyssä tilassa tai vetää sivukaistale kokoon esim. laskostamalla ja kiinnittää joustoelin kokoonvedettyyn sivukaistaleeseen joustoelimen ollee -sa höllänä eli venyttämättömässä tilassa.
Tämän keksinnön taipuisan sivukaistaleen sisässä oleva Joustoelin kehittää rt edullisesti ihoa vastaan 0,014-0,17 kp/cia suuruisen kosketuspaineen. Tällä alueella oleva kosketuspaine on hyväksyttävä jatkuvan kosketukseen aikaansaamiseksi vauvan reiteen ilman että se synnyttää ikäviä painumia vauvan ihoon. Joustoelimellä, jotta se antaisi oikean kosketuspaineen ihoon sopivassa taipuisassa sivukaistaleessa, tulisi esivenytetyssä tilassaan ollessaan olla 35-150 g j& edullisesti 60-100 g vetovoima. Joustoelimen pitäisi saada aikaan tämä vetovoima ja siten sen venymä olisi esivenytetyssä tilassa 25-200 cjo, edullisesti 50-100 i».
Eräs hyväksi koettu joustoelin on kuminauha, jonka poikkileikkaus on 0,10 mm x 6,35 nm ja joka on valmistettu luonnonkumista (kautsusta), jota on saatavissa Easthampton Rubber Thread Companyltä nimikkeellä "L-1900 rubber compound". Tämän kuminauhan vetovoima on n. 100 g 100 $:n venymässä. Sitä käytettiin joustoelimenä 26 kuvion 1 edullisessa suoritusmuodossa ja se venytettiin 100 io venymään sen saattamiseksi venytettyyn tilaansa, so. sen suurimpaan pituuteen, jonka sivukaistaleen muut materiaalit sallivat sen venyttää sen ollessa sivukaistaleeseen kiinnitettynä, jolloin sen vetovoima oli tässä venytetyssä tilassa n. 100 g.
Joustoelin 26 on, kuten kuvio 2 esittää, yhdistetty sivukaisteleeseen 25 kiinnittämällä se takakappaleeseen 22, päällikappaleeseen 23 tai molempiin elastisella kiinnitteellä 43· Tämän elastisen kiinnitteen 45 pitää olla taipuisaa ja riittävän takertuvaa joustoelimen 26 pitämiseksi oleellisesti äärettömän kauan venytetyssä tilassa. Joustoelin 26 esitetään kuvioissa 2 ja 3 kiinnitetyksi päällikappaleeseen 23 elastisella kiinnitteellä 45« Eräs mate- 9 58255 riaali, joka on toiminut hyvin taipuisana elastisena kiinnittimenä, on kaksipuolinen siirtonauha (transfer tape), jota voidaan saada The Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Companyltä, St. Paul, Minnesota.Tämä materiaali sopii hyvin yhteen joustoelimen materiaalin kanssa ja se on tunnettu nimellä "n:o 465 pressure-sensitive tape (high tack)". Kiinnitteenä 45 voidaan käyttää myös muita joustoelimen kanssa yhteensopivia taipuisia liimoja. Jousto-elintä 26 ei välttämättä tarvitse kiinnittää sivukaistaleeseen koko pituudeltaan, vaan voidaan sen sijasta kiinnittää esim. vain molemmista päistään ja toimivasti yhdistää sivukaistaleeseen pituutensa muulta osalta viemällä se sivukaistaleessa olevan tuppilon tai sivukaistaleeseen yhtenäisesti liittyvi-^ en silmukoiden läpi.
Joustoelimen 26 ulkoeivureuna on kuvion 1 suoritusmuodossa sivukaistaleen 25 läpi kulkeva joustava kokoonvetäytyvä viiva. Sivukaistaleen joustava, kokoonvetäytyvä viiva on joustoelimen taipuisaan sivukaistaleeseen muodostama "joustorata". Vaikka tässä käytetään sanaa "viiva" kuvaamaan sivukaistaleen "joustorataa", niin sillä ei aiota sulkea pois leveämpää "joustorataa". Jous-toelin on tässä suoritusmuodossa esitetty kulkevan sivukaistaleen koko joustavaa, kokoonvetäytyvää viivaa pitkin, mutta tätä rakennetta ei ehdottomasti vaadita. Joustava, kokoonvetäytyvä viiva voidaan saada aikaan taipuisaan sivukaistaleeseen kiinnittämällä tähän joustoelin, joka venytetyssä tilassaan on joustavaa, kokoon vetäytyvää viivaa lyhyempi. Esim. vain poikittaisesta viiteviivasta 29 jompaan kumpaan leikkauspisteeseen 60 ulottuva eli jous-toelintä 26 lyhyempi joustoelin voidaan asettaa mihinkä tahansa joustoelimen 26 radalle. Jos käytetään joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvää viivaa lyhyempää jous-toelintä, se on edullista sijoittaa vaipan takaosaan.
Joustoelimen 26 tekemiseksi tehokkaaksi se asetetaan jonkin matkaa ulos-_ päin imukappaleen 24 sivureunasta 41 joustavan, kokoonvetäytyvän viivan saamiseksi etäälle tästä sivureunasta 41« jotta taipuisalle sivukaistaleelle saataisiin leveys, so. etäisyys joustavasta, kokoonvetäytyvästä viivasta puolijäykän imukappaleen reunaan, joka tässä suoritusmuodossa ulottuu joustoelimen 26 uloesivureunasta imukappaleen 24 sivureunaan 41. Joustoelimen 26 tehokkain osa tässä suoritusmuodossa on vaipan haaraalueelie, so. poikittaisen viltevilvan 29 vieressä sijaitseva osa. Joustoelimen 26 sijoittaminen jonkin matkaa ulospäin imukappaleen kapeimmasta osasta on välttämätön kokoonvetäytyvän sivukaistaleen aikaansaamiseksi kertakäyttövaippaan. Taipuisan sivukaistaleen leveyden pitää olla vähintään 19 mm haarovälialueella, mutta edullisesti se on n. 44-II4 mm ja edullisimmin n.. 76 mm.
Joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvässä tilassaan taipuisaan sivukaistaleeseen yhdistettynä joustoelin muodostaa sivukaistaleen läpi kulkevan joustavan kokoonvetäytyvän viivan eli joustoradan ja siten saa aikaan pituussuunnassa 10 58255 kokoonvetäytyvän sivukaistaleen. Tuloksena on taipuisa sivukaistale, jossa on joustava kokoonvetäytyvä viiva vaipan kummallakin sivulla, siis kaksi vastakkain asetettua joustavaa, kokoonvetäytyvää viivaa. Kumpikin taipuisa sivukaistale lähtee leveyssuunnassa joustavasta, kokoonvetäytyvästä viivasta pitkittäistä viiteviivaa 28 kohti. Näiden vastapäisten, joustavien kokoon-vetäytyvien viivojen minimiväli on 102 mm ja edullisesti 140 mm alle 6,55 kg painavien vauvojen kohdalla ja 127 nm» edullisesti 165 mm ja edullisimmin 191 ma 6,35 - 16,0 kg painavien vauvojen kohdalla.
Joustoelin 26 voi venytetyssä tilassaan olla joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvää viivaa pitempi, niin että joustoelimen 26 kumpikin pää ulottuu imukappaleen 24 sivureunaan 41 ja sen toiselle puolelle niiden leikkauskohdassa 60 ja näin ollen peittää imukappaletta 24. Tämä rakenne esitetään kuvioissa 1 ja 3· Leikkauskohdan 60 yli ulottuva joustoelimen 26 osa voidaan toimivasti yhdistää imukappaleeseen monin tavoin, esim. liimaamalla se päällikappaleeseen 23 tai liimaamalla se suoraan imukappaleeseen.
Toimiakseen tehokkaimmin joustoelimellä tulisi venytetyssä tilassaan olla n. 102 mm ja edullisesti n. 17Θ mm tehollinen minimipituus tehokkaan, joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän sivukaistaleen aikaansaamiseksi.
Venytetyssä tilassa olevan joustoelimen tehollinen pituus on kokoonve-täytymiseen eli supistumiseen käytettävissä oleva pituus. Kuvion 1 suoritusmuodossa venytetyssä tilassaan olevan joustoelimen tehollinen pituus on kokoonvetäytymätön pituus sivukaistaleen 25 läpi laskettuna joustoelimen ja imukappaleen leikkaus- eli risteyskohdasta 60 vaipan takaosassa 30 vastaavaan risteyskohtaan 60 vaipan etuosassa 31.
Taipuisan sivukaistaleen ulkopuolelle ulottumattoman jous toelimen tehollinen pituus on yhtä suuri kuin joustoelimen venytetty pituus. Päiväkäyttö-vaipassa, joka on tarkoitettu n. 6,35-12,7 kg paina.ille vauvoille tavalliseen päiväkäyttöön, pidetään n. 230 mm tehollista pituutta sopivana kuviossa 1 esitetyssä vaipassa.
Kiinnitysnauha 27 liitetään tavallisesti kertakäyttövaipan takauumaosaan 32 vaipan vauvan yllä pitävän kiinnityselimen muodostamiseksi. Kiinnitysnauhoi-na 27 voidaan käyttää mitä hyvänsä alaan perehtyneiden hyvin tuntemia nauhoista, kuten kiinnitysnauhaa, joka on paljastettu US-patentissa 3 646 937 (Gellert), julkistettu 7*5·1972. Nämä kiinnitysnauhat tai muut vaippojen kiinnityselimet, kuten neulat, asetetaan tavallisesti lähelle vaipan yläreunaa sen ollessa käyttömuodossa (kuvio 4)· Tämä vaippa Kiinnitetään siis vain yläreunan läheltä eikä läheltä jalka-aukkoa, kuten tapahtuu tyypillisissä muovi-housuissa, jotka kiinnitetään sekä ylhäältä että jalka-aukosta tai sen vierestä.
Vaihtoehtoinen suoritusmuoto esitetään kuviossa 6, jossa imukappale 46 on 11 582 55 muunnetun tiimalasin muotoinen ja varustettu ulokkeilla 49 ja jossa jousto-elimet 47 ulottuvat vaipan takaosan 50 ulokkeista 49 sen etuosan 51 ulokkeisiin 49· Tämän johdosta joustava, kokoonvetäytyvä viiva sijoittuu mahdollisimman sivulle ollen kuitenkin vielä ulokkeitten reunoista sisäänpäin tai samalla lijallaniiden kanssa. Tässä suoritusmuodossa joustoelin 47 sijoitetaan mahdollisimman kauas sivulle sen päiden sattuessa kuitenkin vielä imu-kappaleen 46 ulokkeitten 49 alueelle. Kuviossa 6 esitetyn muotoinen vaippa voidaan silloin laskostaa "Z"-laskokseen, kuten esitetään US-patentissa Re. 26 151 (Duncan et ai.) julkaistu 31.1.1967 tai "(V-laskokseen.
Imukappaleen muita suoritusmuotoja, joissa on ulokkeet, jotka voivat olla luontaisesti jäykkiä tai jäykistetään käyttämällä jäykisteitä, kuten tukia, ovat kuvioissa 8 ja 9 esitetyt "I"- tai "T"-muodot.
Kuviossa 5 esitetään vielä yksi suoritusmuoto, jossa on keksinnön parannus. Sen päällikappale 54, takakappale 55 ja imukappale 56 ovat muodoltaana ~ erilaiset kuin kuvion 1 vaipan yhteydessä kuvatut, mutta vaippa itsessään on pantu kokoon olennaisesti samalla tapaa kuin kuvattiin kuvion 1 vaipan osalta. Kuvio 5 vaipan imukappale 56 on oleellisesti suorakulmainen. Takakappale 55 on imukappaletta 56 leveämpi, joten osa siitä ulottuu niin paljon imukappaleen 56 kummankin sivureunan ulkopuolelle, että muodostuu taipuisa sivukaistale 58, joka voi olla 51-89 mm:n levyinen minimileveyden ollessa 19 mm. Takakappale on imukappaletta pitempikin, niin että siitä jää kapea reuna imukappaleen 56 kummankin pään ulkopuolelle. Joustoelin 57 on toimivasti yhdistetty kumpaankin sivukaistaleeseen 58. Sivukaistale 56 muodostuu imu-kappaleen 56 eivureunojen 59 ulkopuolelle ulottuvasta takakappaleen 55 osasta. Joustoelin 57 on kiinnitetty sivukaistaleeseen 58 ja asetettu välimatkan päähän imukappaleen 56 sivureunasta 59» Joustoelimen 57 ja sivureunan 59 välinen etäisyys on sellainen kuin edellä on esitetty kokoonvetäytyvän eli joustavan sivukaistaleen muodostamiseksi kertakäyttövalppaan.
Kuvion 5 vaippa voidaan myös laskostaa "C"- tai "Z"-muotoon, kuten edellä mainittiin kuvion 6 vaipan yhteydessä. Kuvion 5 vaipan poikkileikkaus vaipan ollessa laskostettuna "Z"-muotoon esitetään kuviossa 7*
Vielä eräs vaihtoehtoinen suoritusmuoto on sellainen, jossa vaippa on olennaisesti samanlainen kuin kuviossa 1 esitetty sillä poikkeuksella, että imukappale on T-muotoinen ja että joustoelimen 26 päitä ei ole kiinnitetty imukappaleeseen, vaan takakappaleeseen tai päällikappaleeseen samalla tapaa kuin joustoelimen 26 pituuden pääosa kuvion 1 vaipassa. T-muotoisessa imu-kappaleessa ei ole ulokkeita 39 ja 40'vaipan etuosassa.
Vaikka edellä olevissa kuvauksissa ei ole erityisesti esitetty olevan imukykyistä ainetta vaipan sivukaistaleissa, niissä voisi kuitenkin jonkin verran olla tätä ainetta. Sivukaistaleeseen, esim. sen alueellaolevien pääl-likappaleen ja takakappaleen väliin sijoitetun imukykyisen aineen määrä olisi 12 58255 rajoitettava niin, että sivukaistaleen taivutusjäykkyys ei ylitä yllä määritettyä maksimiarvoa, so. 6 gom, edullisesti alle 3 gom ja edullisimmin alle 0,3 gcm maksimiarvoa.
Jos jotakin imukykyistä ainetta laitettaisiin taipuisaan sivukaistalee-seen, tämän leveys olisi joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän viivan ja imukappaleen sivureunan välinen etäisyys. Useimmissa tapauksissa sattuu imukappaleen reuna kohtaan, jossa vaipan taipuisuus on yllä mainittua minimiarvoa pienempi.
Niinpä on ilmeistä, että keksinnön mukaisesti on saatu aikaan yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, joka täysin saavuttaa yllä esitetyt tavoitteet, päämäärät ja edut. Vaikkakin keksintöä on kuvattu spesifisten suoritusmuotojen yhteydessä, on selvää, että monet vaihtoehdot modifikaatiot ja variaatiot _ ovat ilmeisiä ämmättimiehilie edellä kerrotun kuvauksen valossa. Tarkoituksena onkin ottaa mukaan kaikki sellaiset vaihtoehdot, modifikaatiot ja variaatiot, jotka sisältyvät oheisten patenttivaatimusten ajatukseen ja suoja- _ alaan.
Claims (9)
13 58255 Pat entt ivaat imuks et:
1. Yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa (21), jonka etu- ja takareuna (35,36) ovat olennaisesti samansuuntaiset ja jossa on poikittainen viiteviiva (29), joka on olennaisesti etu- ja takareunan suuntainen ja sijaitsee niiden välissä, etuosa (31, 51), joka ulottuu etureunasta poikittaiseen viiteviivaan, takaosa (30, 50), joka ulottuu takareunasta poikittaiseen viiteviivaan ja haara-alue (3*0, jonka likimain keskelle poikittainen viiteviiva sijoittuu·* jolloin vaippa käsittää taka-kappaleen (22), takakappaleen päälle asetetun imukykyisen puolijäykän runkokappa-leen (2*t, 1+6, 56), jonka Taber-j äykkyys on ainakin 7 gcm ja joka pidetään olennai-sesti paikallaan suhteessa takakappaleeseen (22, 55), sekä sivukaistaleen (25, 58), joka ulottuu kustakin imukykyisen kappaleen sivureunasta ulospäin ja sitä pitkin, tunnettu siitä, että kukin sivukaistale (25, 53, 58) on taipuisa ja että siihen on kiinnitetty joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvässä tilassa joustoelin (26, 1+7, 57), jotta sivukaistaleeseen saadaan aikaan sen läpi kulkeva joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvä viiva, jota myöten joustoelin (26, 1+7, 57) pyrkii vetämään kokoon ja kokoamaan sivu-kaistaletta (25, 53, 58), jolloin joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän viivan suurin etäisyys puolijäykän imukykyisen kappaleen (2l+, 1+6, 56) sivureunasta (Ui, U8, 59) on vähintään 19 mm vaipan haara-alueella, jolloin sivukaistaleet ovat käytössä mukautuvat ja muodostavat tehokkaan tiivistyksen käyttäjän kummankin jalan ympärille.
2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen yhtäläinen kertakäyttövaippa, tunnet-t u siitä, että joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän viivan suurin etäisyys puoli jäykän imukykyisen kappaleen (2U, U6, 56) sivureunasta (Ui, U8, 59) ulospäin on vähintään UU,5 mm.
3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 tai 2 mukainen yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, tunnettu siitä, että joustoelin (26, U7) on sijoitettu sivusuunnassa puolijäykän imukykyisen kappaleen (2U, 1+6) takaosassa (30, 50) olevan ulkonevan osan (37, 38, U9) sivureunasta sisäänpäin ja että kukin mainituista ulkonevasta osista ulottuu sivusuunnassa ulospäin imukykyisen kappaleen sivureunasta haara-ialueella- ja että ulko-nevilla osilla on taipuisa jäykkyys sellaisten voimien vastustamiseksi, jotka suuntautuvat pituussuuntaisesta sisäänpäin kohti poikittaista viiteviivaa joustoelimen (26, 1+7) kokoonvetäytymispyrkimyksen vaikutuksesta. 1+. Patenttivaatimuksen 3 mukainen yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, tunnet-t u siitä, että joustoelin (26, 1+7) on sijoitettu puolijäykän imukykyisen kappaleen (2l+, 1+6) sekä etuosan että takaosan ulkonevien osien (37, 38, 39, *+0, 1+1) sivureu-naan nähden sivusuunnassa sisäänpäin.
5· Patenttivaatimuksen 1+ mukainen yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, tunne t-t u siitä, että joustoelimen (26, 1+7) toinen pää kulkee ristiin imukykyisen runko-kappaleen (2*+, 1+6) etuosan kanssa (31, 51) ja joustoelimen (26, 1+7) toinen pää kul.*' kee ristiin imukykyisen kappaleen takaosan kanssa (30, 50). 1,1 58255
6. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 3-5 mukainen yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, tunnettu siitä, että joustoelimen (26, i+7 ) pienin tehokas pituus venyneessä tilassa on 101 mm.
7. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen U—6 mukainen yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, tunn ettu siitä, että sivukaistale (25, 53) on olennaisesti kolmiomainen.
8. Patenttivaatimuksen 7 mukainen yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, tunnet-t u siitä, että imukykyisen kappaleen etuosan (31, 51) sivureunan (Ui, U8) ja poikittaisen viiteviivan välisen kulman o( suuruus on välillä 20-65°, edullisesti noin 52°, imukykyisen kappaleen takaosan (30, 50) sivureunan (Ui, U8) ja poikittaisen viiteviivan välisen kulman /$ suuruus on välillä 20-70°, edullisesti noin 58°, ja että kulmien summa, 0(+/5 , on suuruudeltaan 90°-135°·
9. Jonkin edellisen patenttivaatimuksen mukainen yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, tunnettu siitä, että kukin taipuisa sivukaistale (25, 53, 58) on kiinnitetty vastaavaan puolijäykän imukykyisen kappaleen (2U, U6, 56) sivureunaan (Ui, U8, 59) vaipan haara-alueella. 15 58255 Patent kr av:
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US418147 US3860003B2 (en) | 1973-11-21 | 1973-11-21 | Contractable side portions for disposable diaper |
US41814773 | 1973-11-21 |
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FI335074A FI335074A (fi) | 1975-05-22 |
FI58255B true FI58255B (fi) | 1980-09-30 |
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JP (1) | JPS5240267B2 (fi) |
AT (1) | AT347373B (fi) |
BE (1) | BE822408A (fi) |
BR (1) | BR7409767A (fi) |
CA (1) | CA1097451A (fi) |
CH (1) | CH587030A5 (fi) |
DE (1) | DE2454590C2 (fi) |
DK (2) | DK140784B (fi) |
ES (1) | ES227803Y (fi) |
FI (2) | FI58255B (fi) |
FR (1) | FR2251278B1 (fi) |
IE (1) | IE40127B1 (fi) |
IT (1) | IT1030815B (fi) |
LU (1) | LU71317A1 (fi) |
NL (1) | NL176518B (fi) |
SE (2) | SE408992B (fi) |
ZA (1) | ZA747428B (fi) |
Families Citing this family (1275)
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DE7113178U (de) * | 1971-09-02 | Fuchs C | Windelhöschen | |
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US2508811A (en) * | 1947-07-15 | 1950-05-23 | Edna E Best | Diaper |
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FR1600732A (fi) * | 1968-12-31 | 1970-07-27 | ||
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1973
- 1973-11-21 US US418147 patent/US3860003B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1974
- 1974-11-12 CA CA213,502A patent/CA1097451A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-11-18 DE DE2454590A patent/DE2454590C2/de not_active Expired
- 1974-11-19 AT AT925274A patent/AT347373B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-11-20 NL NLAANVRAGE7415105,A patent/NL176518B/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-11-20 DK DK604674AA patent/DK140784B/da unknown
- 1974-11-20 ZA ZA00747428A patent/ZA747428B/xx unknown
- 1974-11-20 CH CH1543274A patent/CH587030A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-11-20 IT IT29650/74A patent/IT1030815B/it active
- 1974-11-20 IE IE2393/74A patent/IE40127B1/xx unknown
- 1974-11-20 LU LU71317A patent/LU71317A1/xx unknown
- 1974-11-20 BE BE150693A patent/BE822408A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-11-20 SE SE7414575A patent/SE408992B/xx unknown
- 1974-11-20 FI FI3350/74A patent/FI58255B/fi active
- 1974-11-20 FR FR7438220A patent/FR2251278B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-11-21 BR BR9767/74A patent/BR7409767A/pt unknown
- 1974-11-21 JP JP49133211A patent/JPS5240267B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-11-21 ES ES1974227803U patent/ES227803Y/es not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-06-11 DK DK261085A patent/DK261085D0/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-08-26 SE SE8503970A patent/SE8503970D0/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1986
- 1986-03-20 FI FI861176A patent/FI861176A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
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