EP3981931B1 - Panneau avec système de verrouillage en forme de crochet - Google Patents

Panneau avec système de verrouillage en forme de crochet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3981931B1
EP3981931B1 EP21206764.9A EP21206764A EP3981931B1 EP 3981931 B1 EP3981931 B1 EP 3981931B1 EP 21206764 A EP21206764 A EP 21206764A EP 3981931 B1 EP3981931 B1 EP 3981931B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
detent
groove
receiving
edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP21206764.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3981931A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen HANNIG
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I4F Licensing NV
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I4F Licensing NV
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Publication date
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Priority to EP24167945.5A priority Critical patent/EP4372181A3/fr
Publication of EP3981931A1 publication Critical patent/EP3981931A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3981931B1 publication Critical patent/EP3981931B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/105—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0138—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
    • E04F2201/0146—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane with snap action of the edge connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • E04F2201/0161—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement with snap action of the edge connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/023—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with a continuous tongue or groove
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/027—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections connected by tongues and grooves, the centerline of the connection being inclined to the top surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/043—Other details of tongues or grooves with tongues and grooves being formed by projecting or recessed parts of the panel layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a panel according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such panels are made of DE 102011 086846 A Other similar panels are available in DE 102011 121348 A , WO 2012/001503 A , and WO 03/016654 A disclosed.
  • Such panels are used, for example, to make floor coverings; they are particularly suitable for floating floor coverings.
  • the panels usually have decorative surfaces.
  • the proposed panel should be suitable for locking using the "fold-down method".
  • a type of panel is used in which one of the holding profile pairs is provided with a modified tongue and groove profile, while the other holding profile pair is provided with the hook profiles according to the invention.
  • a new panel is angled and preferably brought with its tongue profile edge to the groove profile edge of a lying panel or a row of panels. Then the new panel is swung down to the level of the installed panels, thereby locking the tongue profile with the groove profile.
  • a positive locking of the hook profiles is also created at the same time, because one of the hook profiles moves towards the other hook profile like a pair of scissors and hooks into it with a positive fit. This creates a locking effect.
  • the proposed hook profiles are also suitable for push-down locking.
  • all pairs of retaining profiles of a panel must be able to be connected by a vertical movement, i.e. for example by a lowering movement of a panel, namely in a direction perpendicular to the top of the panel (vertical).
  • the fold-down method cannot then be used.
  • the WO 01/02670 proposes various pairs of hook profiles.
  • the hook profiles are intended to prevent the panels from being pulled apart horizontally, ie in the panel plane and perpendicular to the locked panel edges.
  • the strength of the hook profiles is unsatisfactory.
  • the invention proposes a panel according to claim 1 comprising a panel top and a panel bottom as well as at least four panel edges, which lie opposite one another in pairs, with complementary holding profiles provided in pairs on the panel edges, which fit together in such a way that similar panels can be fastened to one another, whereby at least one of the pairs of holding profiles is provided with hook profiles, namely on one panel edge with a receiving hook and on the opposite panel edge with a locking hook, the receiving hook having a receiving edge directed towards the top of the panel and a receiving groove open to the top of the panel and the locking hook with a locking edge directed towards the underside of the panel and is provided with a locking groove open to the underside of the panel, the receiving edge having an inside that faces the receiving groove, and this inside serves as a lower locking surface, and to match the locking edge has an inside that faces the locking groove, and this inside as a corresponding one upper locking surface serves, with the proviso that both the upper locking surface and the lower locking surface are each inclined in this way relative to the plumb line
  • the normal vector is directed vertically outwards from the corresponding locking surface (not directed into the panel material).
  • the normal vector encloses an angle with the respective panel side that it intersects, which is the same size as the angle by which the locking surfaces are inclined with respect to the perpendicular on the top of the panel (alternating angle).
  • the inclination of the locking surfaces relative to the plumb line on the top of the panel can be in an angle range ⁇ of 4° to 50°.
  • the angle ⁇ is in a range of 5° to 30° and particularly preferably in a range of 5° to 15°.
  • the panel is preferably made of a wood material such as HDF, MDF or OSB, although in a broader sense this also includes WPC materials (wood plastic composite). Since the locking mechanism requires a certain elasticity, especially in the area of the first and corresponding second locking means, the materials mentioned are suitable because of their certain elasticity.
  • the panel material can also be a plastic, as in the case of LVT products (luxury vinyl tiles), because this plastic also has a certain elasticity.
  • an embodiment can consist of a body made of a plastic or a wood-plastic composite material (WPC).
  • WPC wood-plastic composite material
  • the carrier plate or the fuselage is made, for example, from a thermoplastic, elastomeric or thermosetting plastic.
  • recycled materials made from the materials mentioned can be used within the scope of the invention.
  • Sheet material is preferably used, in particular made of thermoplastic, such as polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins (for example polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamides (PA), polyurethanes (PU), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) , polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or mixtures or co-polymers.
  • plasticizers can be provided, for example, which are in a range of ⁇ 0 wt.
  • a suitable plasticizer includes, for example, the plasticizer sold by BASF under the trade name “Dinsch.” Furthermore, copolymers, such as acrylates or methacrylates, can be provided as a replacement for conventional plasticizers.
  • Thermoplastics in particular also offer the The advantage is that the products made from them can be recycled very easily. Recycled materials from other sources can also be used. This provides another opportunity to reduce manufacturing costs.
  • Such carrier plates are very elastic or resilient, which allows for a comfortable impression when walking on and can also reduce the noise that occurs when walking on compared to conventional materials, so that improved impact sound insulation can be achieved.
  • the aforementioned carrier plates offer the advantage of good water resistance since they have a swelling of 1% or less. This surprisingly applies not only to pure plastic supports but also to WPC materials, as these are explained in detail below.
  • the material of the carrier plate can comprise or consist of wood-polymer materials (wood plastic composite, WPC).
  • wood and a polymer can be suitable here, which can be present in a ratio of 40/60 to 70/30, for example 50/50.
  • Polypropylene, polyethylene or a copolymer of the two aforementioned materials can be used as polymer components.
  • Such materials offer the advantage that they can be formed into a carrier plate even at low temperatures, such as in a range of ⁇ 180°C to ⁇ 200°C in the method described above, so that a particularly effective process control can be made possible, for example with exemplary line speeds in a range of 6 m/min.
  • WPC product with a 50/50 distribution of the wood and polymer components with an exemplary product thickness of 4.1 mm which can enable a particularly effective manufacturing process.
  • WPC materials can, for example, have stabilizers and/or other additives, which can preferably be present in the plastic content.
  • the carrier plate can comprise or consist of a PVC-based material.
  • PVC-based materials for the carrier plate are also suitable for a particularly effective manufacturing process, since line speeds of 8 m/min can be possible with an exemplary product thickness of 4.1 mm, which can enable a particularly effective manufacturing process.
  • carrier plates also have advantageous elasticity and water compatibility, which can lead to the aforementioned advantages.
  • Mineral fillers can be beneficial for plastic-based panels as well as for WPC-based panels.
  • Particularly suitable are talc or calcium carbonate (chalk), aluminum oxide, silica gel, quartz powder, Wood flour, gypsum.
  • talc or calcium carbonate (chalk) aluminum oxide
  • silica gel silica gel
  • quartz powder quartz powder
  • Wood flour Wood flour
  • gypsum gypsum
  • chalk can be provided in a range of ⁇ 30 wt.% to ⁇ 70 wt.%, whereby the slip of the carrier plate can be improved by the fillers, in particular by the chalk.
  • They can also be colored in a known manner.
  • the material of the carrier plates contains a flame retardant.
  • the material of the carrier plate consists of a mixture of a PE/PP block copolymer with wood.
  • the proportion of PE/PP block copolymer and the proportion of wood can be between ⁇ 45% by weight and ⁇ 55% by weight.
  • the material of the carrier plate can contain between ⁇ 0% by weight and ⁇ 10% by weight of other additives, such as flow aids, thermal stabilizers or UV stabilizers.
  • the particle size of the wood is between >0 ⁇ m and ⁇ 600 ⁇ m with a preferred particle size distribution D50 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the carrier plate can have wood with a particle size distribution D10 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size distribution is based on the volumetric diameter and refers to the volume of the particles.
  • the material of the carrier plate is particularly preferably provided as a granulated or pelletized pre-extruded mixture of a PE/PP block copolymer with wood particles of the specified particle size distribution.
  • the granules and/or the pellets can preferably have a grain size in a range of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, preferably ⁇ 600 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, in particular ⁇ 800 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm.
  • the carrier plate consists of a mixture of a PE/PP polymer blend with wood.
  • the proportion of the PE/PP polymer blend can and the proportion of wood is between ⁇ 45 wt.% and ⁇ 55 wt.%.
  • the material of the carrier plate can contain between ⁇ 0 wt.% and ⁇ 10 wt.% of other additives, such as flow aids, thermal stabilizers or UV stabilizers.
  • the particle size of the wood is between >0 ⁇ m and ⁇ 600 ⁇ m with a preferred particle size distribution D50 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
  • the carrier plate can contain wood with a particle size distribution D10 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size distribution is based on the volumetric diameter and refers to the volume of the particles.
  • the material of the carrier plate is particularly preferably provided as a granulated or pelletized pre-extruded mixture of a PE/PP polymer blend with wood particles of the specified particle size distribution.
  • the granules and/or the pellets can preferably have a grain size in a range of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, preferably ⁇ 600 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, in particular ⁇ 800 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm.
  • the material of the carrier plate consists of a mixture of a PP homopolymer with wood.
  • the proportion of PP homopolymer and the proportion of wood can be between ⁇ 45% by weight and ⁇ 55% by weight.
  • the material of the carrier plate can contain between ⁇ 0% by weight and ⁇ 10% by weight of other additives, such as flow aids, thermal stabilizers or UV stabilizers.
  • the particle size of the wood is between >0 ⁇ m and ⁇ 600 ⁇ m with a preferred particle size distribution D50 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
  • the carrier plate can contain wood with a particle size distribution D10 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m. The particle size distribution is based on the volumetric diameter and relates to the volume of the particles.
  • the material of the carrier plate is particularly preferably in the form of granulated or pelletized pre-extruded mixture of a PP homopolymer with wood particles of the specified particle size distribution.
  • the granulate and/or the pellets can preferably have a grain size in a range of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, preferably ⁇ 600 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, in particular ⁇ 800 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm.
  • the material of the carrier plate consists of a mixture of a PVC polymer with chalk. The proportion of the PVC polymer and the chalk proportion can be between ⁇ 45 wt.% and ⁇ 55 wt.%.
  • the material of the carrier plate can have between ⁇ 0 wt.% and ⁇ 10 wt.% of other additives, such as flow aids, thermal stabilizers or UV stabilizers.
  • the particle size of the chalk is between >0 ⁇ m and ⁇ 600 ⁇ m with a preferred particle size distribution D50 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the carrier plate can have chalk with a particle size distribution D10 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size distribution is based on the volumetric diameter and relates to the volume of the particles.
  • the material of the carrier plate is particularly preferably provided as a granulated or pelletized pre-extruded mixture of a PVC polymer with chalk of the specified particle size distribution.
  • the granulate and/or the pellets can preferably have a grain size in a range of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, preferably ⁇ 600 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, in particular ⁇ 800 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm.
  • the material of the carrier plate consists of a mixture of a PVC polymer with wood.
  • the proportion of PVC polymer and the proportion of wood can be between ⁇ 45% by weight and ⁇ 55% by weight.
  • the material of the carrier plate can contain between ⁇ 0% by weight and ⁇ 10% by weight of other additives, such as Flow aids, thermal stabilizers or UV stabilizers.
  • the particle size of the wood is between >0 ⁇ m and ⁇ 600 ⁇ m with a preferred particle size distribution D50 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the carrier plate can have wood with a particle size distribution D10 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m. The particle size distribution is based on the volumetric diameter and relates to the volume of the particles.
  • the material of the carrier plate is particularly preferably provided as a granulated or pelletized pre-extruded mixture of a PVC polymer with wood particles of the specified particle size distribution.
  • the granules and/or the pellets can preferably have a grain size in a range of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, preferably ⁇ 600 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, in particular ⁇ 800 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm.
  • particle size distribution generally known methods such as laser diffractometry can be used. With this method, particle sizes in the range from a few nanometers to several millimeters can be determined. This can also be used to determine D50 or D10 values, which indicate that 50% or 10% of the measured particles are smaller than the specified value.
  • the material of the carrier plate comprises a matrix material comprising a plastic and a solid material, wherein the solid material is formed by talc to an extent of at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight, based on the solid material.
  • the matrix material is present in an amount, based on the material of the carrier, of ⁇ 30% by weight to ⁇ 70% by weight, in particular of ⁇ 40% by weight to ⁇ 60% by weight.
  • the solid material, based on the material of the carrier is present in an amount, based on the material of the carrier plate, of ⁇ 30 wt.% to ⁇ 70 wt.%, in particular of ⁇ 40 wt.% to ⁇ 60 wt.%, for example less than or equal to 50 wt.%. Furthermore, it is provided that the material of the carrier plate and the solid material together are present in an amount of ⁇ 95 wt.%, in particular ⁇ 99 wt.%, based on the material of the carrier plate.
  • the solid material can be made up of at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight, for example 100%, based on the solid material, talc.
  • talc is understood in a manner known per se to be a magnesium silicate hydrate, which can have the chemical formula Mg3[S14O10(OH)2], for example.
  • the solid portion is thus advantageously made up of at least a large part of the mineral substance talc, whereby this substance can be used in powder form or can be present in the material of the carrier plate in the form of particles.
  • the solid material can consist of a powdered solid.
  • the specific surface density according to BET, ISO 4652 of the talc particles is in a range of ⁇ 4 m2/g to ⁇ 8 m2/g, for example in a range of ⁇ 5 m2/g to ⁇ 7 m2/g.
  • the talc has a bulk density according to DIN 53468 in a range of ⁇ 0.15 g/cm3 to ⁇ 0.45 g/cm3, for example in a range of ⁇ 0.25 g/cm3 to ⁇ 0.35 g/cm3.
  • the matrix material in such an embodiment of the invention serves in particular to provide a Carrier to receive or embed the solid material.
  • the matrix material comprises a plastic or a plastic mixture.
  • the matrix material can be advantageous for the matrix material to comprise a thermoplastic. This makes it possible for the material of the carrier plate or a component of the material of the carrier plate to have a melting point or a softening point in order to shape the material of the carrier plate in a further process step by the action of heat, as described in detail below with regard to the process.
  • the matrix material can in particular consist of a plastic or a plastic mixture and optionally an adhesion promoter. These components can preferably make up at least 90% by weight, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight, in particular at least 99% by weight of the matrix material.
  • the matrix material is present in an amount, based on the material of the carrier plate, of ⁇ 30% by weight to ⁇ 70% by weight, in particular from ⁇ 40% by weight to ⁇ 60% by weight. is present. Furthermore, it is provided that the solid material, based on the material of the carrier plate, in an amount of ⁇ 30% by weight to ⁇ 70% by weight, in particular ⁇ 40% by weight, based on the material of the carrier plate. up to ⁇ 60% by weight.
  • Polypropylene is particularly suitable as a matrix material because, on the one hand, it is available inexpensively and, as a thermoplastic, it also has good properties as a matrix material for embedding the solid material.
  • a mixture of a homopolymer and a copolymer can be particularly advantageous for the matrix material enable properties.
  • Such materials also offer the advantage that they can be formed into a carrier in the above-described process at low temperatures, such as in a range from ⁇ 180 ° C to ⁇ 200 ° C, so that a particularly effective process control, for example with exemplary Line speeds in a range of 6m/min can be made possible.
  • the homopolymer has a tensile strength according to ISO 527-2 which is in a range of ⁇ 30 MPa to ⁇ 45 MPa, for example in a range of ⁇ 35 MPa to ⁇ 40 MPa, in order to achieve good stability.
  • the homopolymer has a flexural modulus according to ISO 178 in a range of ⁇ 1000 MPa to ⁇ 2200 MPa, for example in a range of ⁇ 1300 MPa to ⁇ 1900 MPa, for example in a range of ⁇ 1500 MPa to ⁇ 1700 MPa.
  • the tensile deformation of the homopolymer according to ISO 527-2 it may also be advantageous if it is in a range of ⁇ 5% to ⁇ 13%, for example in a range of ⁇ 8% MPa to ⁇ 10%.
  • the Vicat softening temperature according to ISO 306/A for an injection-molded component is in a range from ⁇ 130 ° C MPa to ⁇ 170 ° C, for example in a range of ⁇ 145 ° C up to ⁇ 158°C.
  • the solid material may also contain at least one other solid in addition to talc.
  • This design may in particular make it possible for the weight of the material of the carrier plate or of a Panels can be significantly reduced compared to a material of the carrier plate or panel in which the solid material consists of talc.
  • the solid added to the solid material can in particular have a reduced density compared to talc.
  • the added material can have a bulk density that is in a range of ⁇ 2000 kg/m3, in particular ⁇ 1500 kg/m3, for example ⁇ 1000 kg/m3, particularly preferably ⁇ 500 kg/m3.
  • further adaptability to the desired, in particular mechanical, properties can also be made possible.
  • the additional solid can be selected from the group consisting of wood, for example in the form of wood flour, expanded clay, volcanic ash, pumice, aerated concrete, in particular inorganic foams, cellulose.
  • wood for example in the form of wood flour, expanded clay, volcanic ash, pumice, aerated concrete, in particular inorganic foams, cellulose.
  • aerated concrete this can be, for example, the solid used by the company Xella under the brand name YTONG, which essentially consists of quartz sand, lime and cement, or the aerated concrete can have the aforementioned components.
  • the added solid this can, for example, be made up of particles that have the same particle size or particle size distribution as the particle sizes or particle size distributions described above for talc.
  • the additional solids can in particular be present in the solid material in a proportion that is in a range of ⁇ 50 wt.%, in particular ⁇ 20 wt.%, for example ⁇ 10 wt.%, further for example ⁇ 5 wt.%.
  • the particle size is between >0 ⁇ m and ⁇ 600 ⁇ m with a preferred particle size distribution D50 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the carrier plate can have hollow microspheres.
  • Such additives can in particular have the effect that the density of the carrier plate and thus of the panel produced can be significantly reduced, so that particularly simple and cost-effective transport and also particularly comfortable laying can be guaranteed.
  • the insertion of hollow microspheres can ensure stability of the panel produced, which is not significantly reduced compared to a material without hollow microspheres. The stability is therefore completely sufficient for the majority of applications.
  • Hollow microspheres can in particular be understood to mean structures which have a hollow base body and a size or a maximum diameter that is in the micrometer range.
  • usable hollow spheres can have a diameter that is in the range of ⁇ 5 ⁇ m to ⁇ 100 ⁇ m, for example ⁇ 20 ⁇ m to ⁇ 50 ⁇ m.
  • any material can be considered as the material of the hollow microspheres, such as glass or ceramic.
  • plastics such as the plastics used in the material of the carrier plate, for example PVC, PE or PP, can be advantageous, although these can optionally be prevented from deforming during the manufacturing process, for example by suitable additives.
  • the hardness of the material of the carrier plate can have values in a range of 30-90 N/mm 2 (measured according to Brinell).
  • the modulus of elasticity can be in a range of 3,000 to 7,000 N/mm 2 .
  • the section of the groove base of the locking groove and the section the top of the receiving edge can be aligned parallel to each other in the locked state.
  • the receiving groove of one hook profile is designed such that the locking edge of the complementary hook profile fits into the receiving groove and the locking groove of the complementary hook profile is designed such that the receiving edge of one hook profile fits into the locking groove.
  • a further development provides that the first latching means of the lower latching has a latching projection, and that the second latching means of the lower latching has a matching latching recess.
  • the first locking means of the lower locking mechanism can have a locking recess and the second locking means of the lower locking mechanism can have a matching locking projection.
  • an upper latching device which has a first latching means on an outside of the locking edge, and a corresponding second latching means is provided on a recessed groove flank of the receiving groove.
  • the first latching means of the upper latching has a latching projection and the second latching means of the upper latching has a matching latching recess.
  • the first latching means of the upper latching can have a latching recess and the second latching means of the upper latching can have a matching latching projection.
  • the free space can accommodate dirt particles or other loose particles.
  • particles can be caught from the edge of the panel. which should not become stuck between the joining surfaces of the hook profiles. Otherwise they could prevent the hook profiles from locking in the correct position.
  • the underside of the locking edge at least partially touches the base of the receiving groove when locked. If a load presses on the top of the panel in the area of the locking edge, the locking edge can bear this load because its underside is supported on the base of the receiving groove of the receiving hook.
  • the receiving edge expediently has a transition to the inside of the receiving groove, the transition being provided with a curvature.
  • the curvature provides edge protection. It can also serve to guide the locking edge when it comes into contact with the curvature. The locking edge is moved down along the curvature into the receiving groove.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective fold-down method for locking panels according to the prior art.
  • a new panel 1 is brought at an angle with a tongue profile edge 2 in front of a groove profile edge 3 of a lying panel 4 of a previous row of panels.
  • the new panel 1 is then placed in the level of the assembled one Panels swung down, with an identical panel 5 already lying in the same row of panels.
  • the pivoting joining movement locks the tongue and groove profile edges together.
  • the new panel 1 also has a pair of hook profiles, namely a receiving hook (not shown) and a locking hook 6.
  • the locking hook 6 of the new panel 1 is moved like a scissor in the direction of the complementary receiving hook 7 of the identical panel 5.
  • the locking hook 6 hooks into the receiving hook 7 and at the same time as the tongue and groove profile edge is locked, the hook profiles are positively locked.
  • Fig.1 the structure of a floor area is indicated.
  • a new panel is always placed continuously to the left.
  • Fig.2 shows a second example of a fold-down method known in the prior art for locking panels. It differs from the method of Fig.1 only because a new panel must be placed continuously to the right, ie the panel edges that have the receiving hook or the locking hook are compared to the example of Fig.1 been swapped.
  • Tongue and groove profiles that are suitable for positive locking using the fold-down method are well known in the art, for example from WO 97/ 47834 A1 or from WO 00/63510 .
  • Fig. 3 represents a first example of a panel 1 with a panel top 1a and a panel bottom 1b, with only a pair of holding profiles of the panel being shown in simplified form.
  • the pair of holding profiles shown here has complementary hook profiles, namely a locking hook 6 (top) and a receiving hook 7 (bottom).
  • a locking hook 6 top
  • a receiving hook 7 bottom
  • the receiving hook 6 has a receiving edge 8 directed towards the top of the panel 1a and a receiving groove 9 open to the top of the panel.
  • the locking hook 7 is provided with a locking edge 10 directed towards the bottom of the panel 1b and with a locking groove 11 open to the bottom of the panel 1b.
  • the receiving edge 8 faces the receiving groove 9 and this inner side serves as a lower locking surface 12.
  • the locking hook 7 forms an upper locking surface 13 on an inner side of its locking edge 10 facing the locking groove 11, which upper locking surface 13 cooperates with the lower locking surface 12 of the receiving edge 8.
  • Both the lower locking surface 12 and the upper locking surface 13 are each inclined at an angle ⁇ relative to the plumb line L on the top of the panel.
  • the inclinations are aligned with one another so that the corresponding locking surfaces 12 and 13 are aligned parallel to one another in the locked state and can touch one another.
  • the inclination of the lower locking surface 12 is selected such that the normal vector N 12 , which is directed vertically outwards from the lower locking surface 12, intersects the panel top 1a.
  • the normal vector N 13 on the upper locking surface 13 is directed vertically outwards, so that this Normal vector N 13 intersects the opposite underside of the panel 1b.
  • the panel top 1a and the normal vector N 12 enclose an angle that is as large as the above-mentioned angle ⁇ (alternating angle). The same applies to the underside of the panel, which forms an angle of the same size (alternating angle) with the normal vector N 13 .
  • the locking hook 7 sits firmly on a groove base 9a of the receiving groove 9 of the receiving hook 6. If a load presses on the top of the panel 1a in the area of the locking edge 10, the locking edge 10 can carry this load because its underside 10a the groove base 9a of the receiving groove 9 is supported.
  • a lower catch 14 is provided.
  • the locking projection 15 is arranged on an outside 8a of the receiving edge 8.
  • a second locking means in the form of a locking recess 16 is provided on the locking hook 7.
  • the locking recess 16 is arranged on a recessed groove flank 11a of the locking groove 11.
  • a section 8b of the top of the receiving edge 8 has a downward incline, namely falling in the direction of the outer side 8a of the receiving edge.
  • a section 11b of the groove base of the locking groove 11 is adapted in a complementary manner to the inclination of the section 8b of the top of the receiving edge 8. In the locked state, the inclined sections 8b and 11b of the top of the receiving edge and of the locking groove base are aligned parallel to one another.
  • a transition from the upper side 8b of the receiving edge 8 to the lower locking surface 12 is provided on the receiving hook 6.
  • the transition is designed as a curve 17.
  • the curve 17 is a radius.
  • a transition with a curve 18 between the section 11b of the groove base of the locking groove 11 and the upper locking surface 13 is also provided on the locking hook 7.
  • the curve 17 on the receiving edge offers edge protection and a guide surface. The edge protection is stronger than the protective effect of a phase which has the same width and height as the curve 17.
  • the curve 18 forms a groove. In the present example, it has a radius and serves to provide stability in the transition area from the upper locking surface 13 to the groove base of the locking groove 11.
  • Fig.4 the hook profiles are made of Fig.3 shown in the locked state.
  • the lower locking mechanism 14 counteracts a height offset of the two panel top sides 1a, ie a movement of the panel edges apart perpendicular to the panel surface is counteracted.
  • a closed joint F is also formed on the panel surface 1a in the horizontal direction. At this joint, an outside 10b of the locking edge 10 is in contact with a recessed groove flank 9b of the receiving groove 9.
  • the gap 19 there is a gap 19 between the inclined section 11b of the groove base of the locking groove and the inclined section 8b of the upper side of the receiving edge 8. This facilitates a height offset at the joint F of the panel upper side 1a.
  • the gap 19 allows a certain flexibility of the locking hook 7. It has a point with its smallest thickness, which is located where the locking groove 11 is at its deepest. The flexibility gained in this way can be used because the gap 19 creates space into which deformation can take place.
  • Fig. 4a shows a detail that enlarges a section that is in Fig. 4 is noted with IVa.
  • the locking projection 15 is provided on the receiving hook 6, namely on the outside 8a of the receiving edge 8.
  • the locking recess is provided on the locking hook 7 and there on a recessed groove flank 11a of the locking groove 11.
  • a locking recess 15a is arranged on the receiving hook 6, specifically on the outside 8a of the receiving edge 8.
  • a locking projection 16a is then provided on the locking hook 7, specifically on its recessed groove flank 11a of the locking groove 11.
  • FIG.5 An example of a panel with special hook profiles suggests Fig.5 This is based on the example of the Figures 3 and 4 It differs from this by an additional upper latch 20.
  • the upper latch 20 has a first latching means in the form of a latching projection 21 on the locking hook 7, which is arranged on the outside 10b of the locking edge 10. It works together with a corresponding second latching means on the receiving hook 6, which is provided on the recessed groove flank 9b of the receiving groove 9.
  • the second latching means forms a latching recess 22, as best shown in the cutout according to Fig. 5a can be recognized.
  • Fig. 5a enlarged the detail that in Fig.5 is designated Va.
  • a locking recess 21a is arranged on the locking hook, namely on the outside of the locking edge 10.
  • a locking projection 22a is provided on the receiving hook, namely on the recessed groove flank 9b of the receiving groove 9.
  • Fig.6 shows hook profiles that are based on the Figures 3 and 4 have a change, namely in the locked state of the hook profiles shown, a free space 23 is formed which extends between the groove base 9a of the receiving groove 9 of the receiving hook 6 and a bottom side 10a of the locking edge 10 of the locking hook 7.
  • the free space 23 extends to the outside 10b of the locking edge 10 or to the recessed groove flank 9b of the receiving groove 9.
  • the free space 23 can accommodate dirt particles or other loose particles.
  • particles can detach from the edge of the panel. Detached particles should not get between the joining surfaces of the hook profiles and become stuck there, because otherwise they will prevent the hook profiles from being locked in the correct position.
  • the proposed free space 23 is designed in the form of a gap.
  • the gap-shaped free space 23 widens towards the groove base 9a and in this way creates the desired space for the absorption of undesirable particles.
  • Fig.7 shows hook profiles, which are also based on the Figures 3 and 4 have a change in such a way that again in the locked state the hook profiles, a free space 24 is formed which extends between the groove base 9a of the receiving groove 9 of the receiving hook 6 and a bottom side 10a of the locking edge 10 of the locking hook 7.
  • the free space 24 reaches as far as the lower locking surface 12 of the receiving hook 6 or as far as the upper locking surface 13 of the locking hook 7.
  • the bottom side 10a of the locking edge 10 is provided with a flat shoulder 24a which stands back from the bottom side 10a of the locking edge 10.
  • the free space 24 can also absorb dirt particles or other loose particles and, in the case of panels made of wood materials, can absorb any detached wood particles which would otherwise become stuck between the joining surfaces of the hook profiles and prevent the hook profiles from being locked in the correct position.
  • the remaining area of the underside 10a is in contact with the groove base 9a of the receiving groove 9 and is thereby supported.
  • Fig. 8 also shows hook profiles that are used by the Figures 3 and 4 go out. Compared to these figures, only the lower catch 14 has been modified. According to Fig. 8 the locking projection 15 of the receiving hook 6 protrudes further from the outside 8a of the receiving edge 8 than in Fig. 4 . The depth of the locking recess 16 is opposite Fig. 4 unchanged. This creates a gap 25 between the outside 8a and the recessed groove flank 11a of the locking groove 11 of the locking hook 7. The gap 25 improves the snap-in ability of the lower catch 14.
  • FIG. 8a the lower catch 14 is enlarged as a cutout.
  • An alternative to Fig. 8a shows the section according to Fig. 8b .
  • the position of the locking recess and locking projection is then swapped.
  • a locking recess 15a is now on the receiving hook 6, specifically on the outside 8a of the receiving edge 8.
  • a locking projection 16a is provided for this purpose on the locking hook 7 on its recessed groove flank 11a of the locking groove 11.
  • FIG. 9 Another exemplary embodiment for hook profiles of the panel is shown in Fig. 9 shown. This is also based on the Figures 3 and 4 and also integrates all changes made in the examples of Fig. 5, Fig. 6 , Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 were proposed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Hooks, Suction Cups, And Attachment By Adhesive Means (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Panneau (1, 4, 5) comprenant un côté supérieur de panneau (1a) et un côté inférieur de panneau (1b), ainsi qu'au moins quatre bords de panneau, qui sont en vis-à-vis en paires, avec des profils de retenue complémentaires prévus en paires sur les bords de panneau, qui sont adaptés les uns aux autres de telle sorte que des panneaux de même type puissent être fixés les uns aux autres, au moins une des paires de profils de retenue étant munie de profils en crochet, à savoir d'un crochet de réception (6) sur un bord de panneau et d'un crochet d'arrêt (7) sur le bord de panneau en vis-à-vis, le crochet de réception (6) ayant un bord de réception (8) orienté vers le côté supérieur de panneau (1a) et une rainure de réception (9) ouverte vers le côté supérieur de panneau, et le crochet d'arrêt (7) étant muni d'un bord d'arrêt (10) orienté vers le côté inférieur de panneau (1b) et d'une rainure d'arrêt (11) ouverte vers le côté inférieur de panneau (1b), le bord de réception (8) comprenant un côté intérieur, qui est tourné vers la rainure de réception (9), et ce côté intérieur servant de surface de verrouillage inférieure (12), et le bord d'arrêt (10) ayant un côté intérieur adapté à celui-ci, qui est tourné vers la rainure d'arrêt (11), et ce côté intérieur servant de surface de verrouillage supérieure correspondante (13), à condition qu'aussi bien la surface de verrouillage inférieure (12) que la surface de verrouillage supérieure (13) soit à chaque fois inclinée par rapport à la verticale (L) sur le côté supérieur de panneau (1a) de telle sorte que, dans l'état verrouillé, elles sont orientées parallèlement l'une à l'autre et peuvent se toucher, l'inclinaison des surfaces de verrouillage (12, 13) étant choisie de telle sorte que le vecteur normal (N12) à la surface de verrouillage inférieure (12) coupe le côté supérieur de panneau (1a) et le vecteur normal (N13) à la surface de verrouillage supérieure (13) coupe le côté inférieur de panneau (1b), (i) un encliquetage inférieur (14) étant prévu, qui comprend un premier moyen d'encliquetage (15, 15a), qui est agencé sur un côté extérieur (8a) du bord de réception (8), et l'encliquetage inférieur (14) comprenant un deuxième moyen d'encliquetage (16, 16a) correspondant à celui-ci, qui est agencé sur un flanc de rainure en retrait (11a) de la rainure d'arrêt (11), et (ii) un encliquetage supérieur (20) étant prévu, qui comprend un premier moyen d'encliquetage (21, 21a) sur un côté extérieur (10b) du bord d'arrêt (10), et un deuxième moyen d'encliquetage (22, 22a) correspondant à celui-ci étant prévu sur un flanc de rainure en retrait (9b) de la rainure de réception (9), soit
    le premier moyen d'encliquetage de l'encliquetage supérieur (20) comprenant une protubérance d'encliquetage (21), et le deuxième moyen d'encliquetage de l'encliquetage supérieur (20) comprenant un creux d'encliquetage (21a) adapté à celle-ci, soit le premier moyen d'encliquetage de l'encliquetage supérieur (20) comprenant un creux d'encliquetage (21a), et le deuxième moyen d'encliquetage de l'encliquetage supérieur (20) comprenant une protubérance d'encliquetage (22a) adaptée à celui-ci ;
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'au moins une partie (8b) du côté supérieur du bord de réception (8) s'étend de manière inclinée vers le bas dans la direction du côté extérieur (8a) du bord de réception (8), au moins une partie (11b) du fond de rainure de la rainure d'arrêt (11) étant adaptée de manière complémentaire à l'inclinaison de la partie (8b) du côté supérieur du bord de réception (8), et en ce que le premier moyen d'encliquetage (15) est espacé de la partie inclinée (8b) du côté supérieur du bord de réception (8).
  2. Panneau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier moyen d'encliquetage de l'encliquetage inférieur (14) comprend une protubérance d'encliquetage (15), et en ce que le deuxième moyen d'encliquetage de l'encliquetage inférieur (14) comprend un creux d'encliquetage (16) adapté à celle-ci.
  3. Panneau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier moyen d'encliquetage de l'encliquetage inférieur (14) comprend un creux d'encliquetage (15a), et en ce que le deuxième moyen d'encliquetage de l'encliquetage inférieur (14) comprend une protubérance d'encliquetage (16a) adaptée à celui-ci.
  4. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un espace libre (23, 24) est prévu entre le côté inférieur (10a) du bord d'arrêt (10) et le fond de rainure (9a) de la rainure de réception (9).
  5. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que, dans l'état verrouillé, un intervalle est prévu entre le côté extérieur (8a) du bord de réception (8) et le flanc de rainure (11a) de la rainure d'arrêt (11).
  6. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que, dans l'état verrouillé, le côté inférieur (10a) du bord d'arrêt (10) touche au moins en sections le fond de rainure (9a) de la rainure de réception (9).
  7. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le bord de réception comprend une transition vers le côté intérieur de la rainure de réception (9), et en ce que la transition est munie d'une courbure (17).
  8. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une fente (19) est présente entre la partie inclinée (11b) du fond de rainure de la rainure d'arrêt (11) et la partie inclinée (8b) du côté supérieur du bord de réception (8).
  9. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le crochet d'arrêt (7) a un point de plus petite épaisseur, où la rainure d'arrêt (11) est la plus profonde.
  10. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'espace libre (23) est en forme de fente et s'élargit vers le fond de rainure (9a).
EP21206764.9A 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau avec système de verrouillage en forme de crochet Active EP3981931B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP24167945.5A EP4372181A3 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14196822.2A EP3031998B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2014-12-08 Panneau avec une mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique en forme de crochet
EP20167421.5A EP3705659B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau avec une mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique en de forme de crochet
PCT/EP2015/078854 WO2016091819A1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau avec un système de verrouillage en forme de crochet
EP15804853.8A EP3230534B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau avec une mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique en de forme de crochet

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20167421.5A Division EP3705659B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau avec une mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique en de forme de crochet
EP15804853.8A Division EP3230534B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau avec une mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique en de forme de crochet

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP24167945.5A Division EP4372181A3 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau

Publications (2)

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EP3981931A1 EP3981931A1 (fr) 2022-04-13
EP3981931B1 true EP3981931B1 (fr) 2024-04-03

Family

ID=52013932

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14196822.2A Active EP3031998B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2014-12-08 Panneau avec une mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique en forme de crochet
EP21206764.9A Active EP3981931B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau avec système de verrouillage en forme de crochet
EP24167945.5A Pending EP4372181A3 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau
EP15804853.8A Active EP3230534B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau avec une mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique en de forme de crochet
EP20167421.5A Active EP3705659B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau avec une mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique en de forme de crochet
EP18202881.1A Active EP3467233B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau de plancher avec systeme de verrouillage mechanique

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EP14196822.2A Active EP3031998B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2014-12-08 Panneau avec une mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique en forme de crochet

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EP24167945.5A Pending EP4372181A3 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau
EP15804853.8A Active EP3230534B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau avec une mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique en de forme de crochet
EP20167421.5A Active EP3705659B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau avec une mécanisme de verrouillage mécanique en de forme de crochet
EP18202881.1A Active EP3467233B1 (fr) 2014-12-08 2015-12-07 Panneau de plancher avec systeme de verrouillage mechanique

Country Status (25)

Country Link
US (4) US10738477B2 (fr)
EP (6) EP3031998B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP6854761B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102493452B1 (fr)
CN (3) CN111877677A (fr)
AT (1) AT17258U1 (fr)
AU (2) AU2015359590B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR112017012129B1 (fr)
CA (2) CA3184360A1 (fr)
CY (3) CY1119858T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202015009670U1 (fr)
DK (3) DK3031998T3 (fr)
ES (4) ES2653662T3 (fr)
HR (4) HRP20211998T1 (fr)
HU (3) HUE037701T2 (fr)
LT (3) LT3031998T (fr)
MY (1) MY183479A (fr)
NO (1) NO3031998T3 (fr)
PL (5) PL3031998T4 (fr)
PT (3) PT3031998T (fr)
RS (3) RS56653B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2711586C2 (fr)
SI (3) SI3031998T1 (fr)
UA (1) UA122566C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016091819A1 (fr)

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