EP0474915B2 - Détergent - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0474915B2
EP0474915B2 EP90124033A EP90124033A EP0474915B2 EP 0474915 B2 EP0474915 B2 EP 0474915B2 EP 90124033 A EP90124033 A EP 90124033A EP 90124033 A EP90124033 A EP 90124033A EP 0474915 B2 EP0474915 B2 EP 0474915B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
foam
mixtures
carbon atoms
low
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90124033A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0474915B1 (fr
EP0474915A1 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Dr. Balzer
Rudolf Beck
Willi Gasber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sasol Germany GmbH
Wintershall Dea International AG
Original Assignee
Huels AG
Chemische Werke Huels AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Application filed by Huels AG, Chemische Werke Huels AG filed Critical Huels AG
Publication of EP0474915A1 publication Critical patent/EP0474915A1/fr
Publication of EP0474915B1 publication Critical patent/EP0474915B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C11D10/045—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on non-ionic surface-active compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to liquid or powder preparations for washing Textiles whose surfactants are largely made from renewable raw materials.
  • Liquid detergents today mainly consist of anionic surfactants, especially alkylbenzenesulfonate, Fatty alcohol oxyethylate and soap, whereas washing powder in addition to the surfactants alkyl benzene sulfonate and fatty alcohol oxyethylate as essential active ingredients, builder substances, bleaching agents and other electrolytes contain.
  • anionic surfactants especially alkylbenzenesulfonate, Fatty alcohol oxyethylate and soap
  • washing powder in addition to the surfactants alkyl benzene sulfonate and fatty alcohol oxyethylate as essential active ingredients, builder substances, bleaching agents and other electrolytes contain.
  • surfactants in particular those based on petrochemicals are used.
  • the object of the invention was therefore to provide a surfactant combination for low-foaming detergents find that are largely made from renewable raw materials and which are very good Washing results are extremely biodegradable.
  • surfactant combination consisting essentially of alkyl polyglycosides, There is fatty alcohol oxyethylates and soap.
  • alkyl polyglycoside in combination with fatty alcohol oxyethylates and also with anionic surfactants are known per se.
  • DE-OS 593 422 already mentions the wash effect enhancer Effect of alkyl glycoside on soaps.
  • Later publications such as EP-A 0 075 994, 075 995, 075 996, 094 118 and 317 614 describe the use of alkyl polyglycoside in combination with anionic and / or nonionic surfactants in detergents.
  • the formulation according to the invention has 2 different Alkyl polyglycosides provide excellent washing results.
  • alkyl polyglycoside a mixture of at least 2 components is used on the one hand differ greatly in the chain length of their alkyl groups and on the other hand in different Concentration can be used.
  • the main components are alkyl polyglycosides, their Alkyl groups contain 12 to 18 carbon atoms; Secondary components are those whose alkyl group 7th contain up to 11 carbon atoms.
  • surfactant content is a content of short-chain alkyl polyglycoside from 1 to 10% and long-chain from 2 to 20%.
  • fatty alcohol oxyethylates and other surfactants in small quantities, complexing agents, bleaching agents, optical Brighteners, graying inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, foam regulators, stabilizers, enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, Electrolytes, hydrotropic substances, solubilizers, etc.
  • Short-chain alkyl polyglycosides used according to the invention satisfy the formula I.
  • RON n in which R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alkyl radical having 7 to 11 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and Z n represents a polyglycosyl radical with n 1.0 to 3 hexose or pentose units or mixtures thereof.
  • Alkyl polyglycosides with alkyl radicals having 8 to 11 carbon atoms and one are preferred Polyglycosyl radical from n 1.1 to 2. Alkylpolyglucosides are particularly preferred.
  • Alkyl polyglycosides with fatty alkyl radicals having 12 to 16 carbon atoms and one are preferred Polyglycosyl radical from n 1.1 to 2. Alkylpolyglucosides are particularly preferred.
  • the alkyl polyglycosides used according to the invention can be based on known processes renewable raw materials are produced.
  • dextrose is mixed with n-butanol to form butyl polyglycoside mixtures in the presence of an acid catalyst implemented with long-chain alcohols also in the presence of an acid catalyst can be re-glycosidated to the desired alkyl polyglycoside mixtures. Or dextrose becomes immediate implemented with the desired long-chain alcohol.
  • the structure of the products can be varied within certain limits.
  • the alkyl radical R or R ' is by the Long-chain alcohol selection set. On an industrial scale, they are cheap for economic reasons accessible alcohols with 7 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular native alcohols from the hydrogenation of Carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid derivatives. Ziegler alcohols or oxo alcohols can also be used.
  • the polyglycosyl radicals Z n and Z ' m are determined, on the one hand, by the selection of the carbohydrate and, on the other hand, by setting the average degree of polymerization n or m. B. according to DE-OS 19 43 689.
  • polysaccharides e.g. B. starch, maltodextrins, dextrose, galactose, mannose, xylose, etc.
  • the industrially available carbohydrates starch, maltodextrins and especially dextrose are preferred.
  • alkyl polyglycosides are always mixtures of oligomers, which in turn represent mixtures of different isomeric forms. They exist side by side with ⁇ - and ⁇ -glycosidic bonds in pyranose and furanose form. The junctions between two Saccachrid residues are also different.
  • Alkyl polyglycosides used according to the invention can also be prepared by mixing alkyl polyglycosides with alkyl monoglycosides.
  • the latter can e.g. B. according to EP-A 0 092 355 using polar solvents, such as acetone, from alkyl polyglycosides.
  • polar solvents such as acetone
  • the degree of glycosidation is expediently determined by means of 1 H-NMR.
  • the detergents according to the invention preferably contain 1 to 10% of short-chain alkyl polyglycoside 2-8%, and 2-20% long-chain alkyl polyglycoside, preferably 3-15%, the ratio of Short-chain to long-chain fraction 1:10 to 2: 1, preferably 2: 10 to 1: 1.
  • the alkyl polyglycosides Compared to almost all other surfactants used in detergents, the alkyl polyglycosides apply as extremely environmentally friendly. This is how it is determined using the sewage treatment plant simulation model / DOC analysis degree of biodegradation for the alkyl polyglycosides according to the invention at 96 ⁇ 3%. That number is before Background to see that with this test method (total degradation) already a degree of degradation ⁇ 70% Substance indicated as readily degradable.
  • the acute oral toxicity LD 50 (rat) with> 10,000 mg / kg and the aquatic toxicity LC 50 (Gold orfe) with approx. 12 mg / l and EC 50 (daphnia) with 30 mg / l are cheaper by a factor of 3 to 5 than that corresponding values of the most important surfactants today. The same applies to skin and mucous membrane compatibility.
  • the compounds are generally formed by the addition of ethylene oxide to longer-chain alcohols prepared in the presence of basic or acidic catalysts.
  • ethylene oxide ethylene oxide
  • Alternative for economic reasons are industrially accessible alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms from the hydrogenation of carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid derivatives.
  • Ziegler alcohols or oxo alcohols can also be used.
  • the alcohol oxyethylates are known to be readily biodegradable; Your data is also cheap with regard to aquatoxicity, skin and mucous membrane tolerance.
  • the detergents according to the invention contain 3 to 30% fatty alcohol oxyethylates, which are also mixtures could be. A content of 5 to 20% is preferred.
  • Fatty acid salts or their acids according to the invention correspond to formula IV R '''COOP in which R "'is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and P being hydrogen, alkali, ammonium or alkanolammonium.
  • the detergents according to the invention contain 5 to 30%, preferably 7 to 20%, most of the soap will be a mixture of different components.
  • alkanesulfonates are alkanesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, ⁇ -sulfofatty acid esters, Fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, sulfosuccinic acid esters, fatty acid alkanolamides, Amine oxides, betaines, sulfobetaines, etc.
  • Builders are primarily to be mentioned as non-surfactant components.
  • water-soluble builders such as different polyphosphates, phosphonates, carbonates, polycarboxylates, Citrates, polyacetates such as NTA and EDTA, etc. or their mixtures. These connections will be usually used as alkali salts, preferably as sodium salts. Although not complex, too To mention sodium sulfate here.
  • Builders such as aluminosilicates of suitable particle size (cf. EP-A 0 075 994).
  • the concentration of the builders in the detergent is 0 to 70%, preferably 0 to 50%.
  • bleaching agents such as sodium perborate are also optionally combined with bleach activators such as tetraacetylethylene diamine etc. or percarbonate; of course also come into question other bleaching agents (cf. K. Engel, Tenside Surfactants 25, p. 21 (1988).
  • concentration of the bleaching agents is 0 to 40%, preferably 0 to 30%.
  • Adjusting agents such as low molecular weight 1- or 2-valent alcohols may be used according to the invention, Alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols, hydrotropes such as alkylbenzenesulfonates with 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the Alkyl radical, alkanolamines or urea, enzymes such as proteases in particular and enzyme stabilizers, Corrosion inhibitors such as alkali silicates, optical brighteners, in particular based on stilbene and pyrazoline, Foam regulators, graying inhibitors such.
  • B carboxymethyicellulose, perfume oils, dyes and further ingredients customary for liquid or powder detergents.
  • the total use concentration in the machine detergents according to the invention is for the surfactant content 0.3 - 20 g / l. 0.5-10 g / l are preferred.
  • the invention is illustrated by the following examples.
  • the liquid detergent formulations listed in Tab. 1 contain in addition to the surfactants mentioned, used according to the invention Each contains 6% triethanolamine, 12% ethanol, 6% 1,2-propylene glycol and water ad 100%.
  • the powders listed in Table 2 each contain 10% sodium perborate, 4.5% Na, Mg silicate, 14% Na 2 SO 4 , 24% Wessalith P, 3% Sokalan CP 5, 8 % Na 2 CO 3 , 3.5% TAED and 0.4% phosphonate.
  • the foaming power was determined in accordance with DIN 53 902, Part 1.
  • the concentration on detergent substance was 1 g / l, the foam volume was registered after 5 minutes.
  • the Washing ability was both in the Linitest laboratory washing machine (i.e. with moderate mechanical stress) as well as measured in a normal household washing machine Foam development checked, which corresponded approximately to the DIN values.
  • Tab. 1 shows the comparison of the properties of the detergents according to the invention as a liquid formulation with those of other known combinations as well as with a liquid brand detergent, in which one can assume a recipe optimization.
  • the clear point and viscosity correspond approximately to that for liquid detergent standard on the market.
  • the foaming power of the formulations according to the invention shows - without further regulating additives - favorable values. This applies in particular to the washing ability.
  • Tab. 2 shows the comparison of the properties of powdery detergent formulations according to the invention with a known combination or with a branded detergent. Bulk density and Foaming power was determined according to DIN methods.
  • the solubility can be estimated by plotting the electrical conductivity over time, with 80% of a mean final conductivity as a measured value when dissolving 3 g of powder in 800 ml Drinking water (13 ° dH) was taken.
  • the measured values contain an error of ⁇ 5%.
  • Triton R BG 10 - Alkyl polyglycoside from Rohm and Haas Triton R CG 110 - Alkyl polyglycoside from Rohm and Haas C 12 C 14 [G 1.2] - C 12/14 alkyl polyglycoside with a degree of glycosidation of 1.2 C 12 C 13 [G 1.1] - C 12/13 alkyl polyglycoside with a degree of glycosidation of 1.1 C 12 C 13 [G 1.7] - C 12/13 alkyl polyglycoside with a degree of glycosidation of 1.7 MARLIPAL R 24/60 - C 12/14 fatty alcohol oxyethylate with 6 mol EO / mol MARLIPAL R 24/80 - C 12/14 fatty alcohol oxyethylate with 8 mol EO / mol Soap 1 - Coconut fatty acid neutralized with triethanolamine Soap 2

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Détergent liquide ou pulvérulent pour machine, à faible pouvoir moussant, renfermant
    3 à 30 % d'un alkylpolyglycoside,
    3 à 30 % d'un produit d'éthoxylation d'alcool gras,
    5 à 30 % de savon, et
    0 à 5 % d'autres surfactifs,
    caractérisé en ce que l'alkylpolyglycoside renferme un mélange constitué par au moins deux composants des formules (I) et (II) R-O-Zn R'-O-Z'm dans lesquelles R représente un radical alkyle linéaire ou ramifié, saturé ou insaturé, comportant de 8 à 11 atomes de carbone, ou des mélanges de ceux-ci, Zn représente un radical polyglycosyle avec n = 1 à 3 unités hexose ou pentose ou des mélanges de ceux-ci, R' représente un radical alkyle linéaire ou ramifié, saturé ou insaturé, comportant de 12 à 18 atomes de carbone ou des mélanges de ceux-ci, et Z'm représente un radical polyglycosyle avec m = 1 à 3 unités hexose ou pentose ou des mélanges de ceux-ci, où le produit contient de 1 à 10 % d'un alkylpolyglycoside à courte chaíne et de 2 à 20 % d'un alkylpolyglycoside à longue chaíne, et le rapport de la partie à courte chaíne à la partie à longue chaíne est de 2:10 à 2:1.
  2. Détergent liquide ou pulvérulent, à faible pouvoir moussant, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les alkylpolyglycosides sont des glucosides d'alcool gras avec n = 1,1 à 2 et m = 1,1 à 2.
  3. Détergent liquide ou pulvérulent, à faible pouvoir moussant, selon les revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que le produit d'éthoxylation d'alcool gras de la formule (III) répond à la formule R"-O-(CH2-CH2-O)xH dans laquelle R" représente un radical alkyle linéaire ou ramifié, saturé ou insaturé, comportant de 8 à 22 atomes de carbone, et x a une valeur de 2 à 20.
  4. Détergent liquide ou pulvérulent, à faible pouvoir moussant, selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que R" dans la formule (III) représente un radical alkyle comportant de 10 à 20 atomes de carbone et x a une valeur de 3 à 15.
  5. Détergent liquide ou pulvérulent, à faible pouvoir moussant, selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le savon de la formule (IV) répond à la formule R"'COOP dans laquelle R"' représente un radical alkyle saturé ou insaturé, comportant de 8 à 22 atomes de carbone, et P représente de l'hydrogène, un alcali, de l'ammonium ou un alcanol-ammonium.
  6. Détergent liquide ou pulvérulent, à faible pouvoir moussant, selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que comme constituants non-surfactifs, sont contenus des épaississants, des agents de blanchiment, des agents de fixage, des enzymes, des stabilisants, des inhibiteurs de grisaille, des inhibiteurs de corrosion, des éclaircissants optiques, des colorants, des huiles parfumées et éventuellement d'autres additifs.
  7. Détergent liquide ou pulvérulent, à faible pouvoir moussant, selon les revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la concentration de la fraction surfactive est de 0,3 à 20 g par litre.
EP90124033A 1990-09-13 1990-12-13 Détergent Expired - Lifetime EP0474915B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4029035 1990-09-13
DE4029035A DE4029035A1 (de) 1990-09-13 1990-09-13 Waschmittel

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0474915A1 EP0474915A1 (fr) 1992-03-18
EP0474915B1 EP0474915B1 (fr) 1995-06-21
EP0474915B2 true EP0474915B2 (fr) 1998-06-10

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ID=6414168

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90124033A Expired - Lifetime EP0474915B2 (fr) 1990-09-13 1990-12-13 Détergent

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5370816A (fr)
EP (1) EP0474915B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP3132731B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE124084T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2051189A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4029035A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0474915T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2076285T5 (fr)
GR (2) GR3017036T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO178232C (fr)

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EP0075994B2 (fr) * 1981-09-28 1992-11-04 THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY Compositions détergentes contenant un mélange d'alkylpolysaccharide, d'agents tensio-actifs d'oxydes d'amine et de savon d'acides gras
US4483780A (en) * 1982-04-26 1984-11-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Detergent compositions containing polyglycoside and polyethoxylate detergent surfactants
WO1986005187A1 (fr) * 1985-03-07 1986-09-12 A.E. Staley Manufacturing Company Composition detergente contenant un enzyme et un agent tensio-actif glucoside
USH171H (en) * 1985-06-24 1986-12-02 A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company Branched chain glycosides
US4780234A (en) * 1986-05-06 1988-10-25 Staley Continental, Inc. Built liquid laundry detergent containing alkyl glycoside surfactant
DE3822997A1 (de) * 1988-07-07 1990-01-18 Henkel Kgaa Detergensmischung aus nichtionischen und anionischen tensiden und deren verwendung
JP2526105B2 (ja) * 1988-09-20 1996-08-21 花王株式会社 洗浄剤組成物
JPH0692600B2 (ja) * 1988-11-25 1994-11-16 日本コーンスターチ株式会社 高級アルキルグリコシド組成物
US5025069A (en) * 1988-12-19 1991-06-18 Kao Corporation Mild alkyl glycoside-based detergent compositions, further comprising terpene and isothiazolone derivatives
US5043091A (en) * 1989-06-21 1991-08-27 Colgate-Palmolive Co. Process for manufacturing alkyl polysaccharide detergent laundry bar
DE3920480A1 (de) * 1989-06-22 1991-01-03 Henkel Kgaa Fluessigwaschmittel
US5118440A (en) * 1990-03-05 1992-06-02 The Procter & Gamble Company Light-duty liquid dishwashing detergent composition containing alkyl polysaccharide and alpha-sulfonated fatty acid alkyl ester surfactants
DE4029035A1 (de) * 1990-09-13 1992-03-19 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Waschmittel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO913615D0 (no) 1991-09-12
GR3017036T3 (en) 1995-11-30
DE4029035A1 (de) 1992-03-19
ES2076285T5 (es) 1998-11-01
NO913615L (no) 1992-03-16
DE59009299D1 (de) 1995-07-27
NO178232C (no) 1996-02-14
EP0474915B1 (fr) 1995-06-21
CA2051189A1 (fr) 1992-03-14
JP3132731B2 (ja) 2001-02-05
EP0474915A1 (fr) 1992-03-18
ES2076285T3 (es) 1995-11-01
DK0474915T3 (da) 1995-11-20
US5370816A (en) 1994-12-06
NO178232B (no) 1995-11-06
JPH04234499A (ja) 1992-08-24
ATE124084T1 (de) 1995-07-15
GR3027759T3 (en) 1998-11-30

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