EP0474915B2 - Detergent - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0474915B2
EP0474915B2 EP90124033A EP90124033A EP0474915B2 EP 0474915 B2 EP0474915 B2 EP 0474915B2 EP 90124033 A EP90124033 A EP 90124033A EP 90124033 A EP90124033 A EP 90124033A EP 0474915 B2 EP0474915 B2 EP 0474915B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
foam
mixtures
carbon atoms
low
Prior art date
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EP90124033A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0474915B1 (en
EP0474915A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Dr. Balzer
Rudolf Beck
Willi Gasber
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Sasol Germany GmbH
Wintershall Dea International AG
Original Assignee
Huels AG
Chemische Werke Huels AG
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C11D10/045—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on non-ionic surface-active compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to liquid or powder preparations for washing Textiles whose surfactants are largely made from renewable raw materials.
  • Liquid detergents today mainly consist of anionic surfactants, especially alkylbenzenesulfonate, Fatty alcohol oxyethylate and soap, whereas washing powder in addition to the surfactants alkyl benzene sulfonate and fatty alcohol oxyethylate as essential active ingredients, builder substances, bleaching agents and other electrolytes contain.
  • anionic surfactants especially alkylbenzenesulfonate, Fatty alcohol oxyethylate and soap
  • washing powder in addition to the surfactants alkyl benzene sulfonate and fatty alcohol oxyethylate as essential active ingredients, builder substances, bleaching agents and other electrolytes contain.
  • surfactants in particular those based on petrochemicals are used.
  • the object of the invention was therefore to provide a surfactant combination for low-foaming detergents find that are largely made from renewable raw materials and which are very good Washing results are extremely biodegradable.
  • surfactant combination consisting essentially of alkyl polyglycosides, There is fatty alcohol oxyethylates and soap.
  • alkyl polyglycoside in combination with fatty alcohol oxyethylates and also with anionic surfactants are known per se.
  • DE-OS 593 422 already mentions the wash effect enhancer Effect of alkyl glycoside on soaps.
  • Later publications such as EP-A 0 075 994, 075 995, 075 996, 094 118 and 317 614 describe the use of alkyl polyglycoside in combination with anionic and / or nonionic surfactants in detergents.
  • the formulation according to the invention has 2 different Alkyl polyglycosides provide excellent washing results.
  • alkyl polyglycoside a mixture of at least 2 components is used on the one hand differ greatly in the chain length of their alkyl groups and on the other hand in different Concentration can be used.
  • the main components are alkyl polyglycosides, their Alkyl groups contain 12 to 18 carbon atoms; Secondary components are those whose alkyl group 7th contain up to 11 carbon atoms.
  • surfactant content is a content of short-chain alkyl polyglycoside from 1 to 10% and long-chain from 2 to 20%.
  • fatty alcohol oxyethylates and other surfactants in small quantities, complexing agents, bleaching agents, optical Brighteners, graying inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, foam regulators, stabilizers, enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, Electrolytes, hydrotropic substances, solubilizers, etc.
  • Short-chain alkyl polyglycosides used according to the invention satisfy the formula I.
  • RON n in which R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alkyl radical having 7 to 11 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and Z n represents a polyglycosyl radical with n 1.0 to 3 hexose or pentose units or mixtures thereof.
  • Alkyl polyglycosides with alkyl radicals having 8 to 11 carbon atoms and one are preferred Polyglycosyl radical from n 1.1 to 2. Alkylpolyglucosides are particularly preferred.
  • Alkyl polyglycosides with fatty alkyl radicals having 12 to 16 carbon atoms and one are preferred Polyglycosyl radical from n 1.1 to 2. Alkylpolyglucosides are particularly preferred.
  • the alkyl polyglycosides used according to the invention can be based on known processes renewable raw materials are produced.
  • dextrose is mixed with n-butanol to form butyl polyglycoside mixtures in the presence of an acid catalyst implemented with long-chain alcohols also in the presence of an acid catalyst can be re-glycosidated to the desired alkyl polyglycoside mixtures. Or dextrose becomes immediate implemented with the desired long-chain alcohol.
  • the structure of the products can be varied within certain limits.
  • the alkyl radical R or R ' is by the Long-chain alcohol selection set. On an industrial scale, they are cheap for economic reasons accessible alcohols with 7 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular native alcohols from the hydrogenation of Carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid derivatives. Ziegler alcohols or oxo alcohols can also be used.
  • the polyglycosyl radicals Z n and Z ' m are determined, on the one hand, by the selection of the carbohydrate and, on the other hand, by setting the average degree of polymerization n or m. B. according to DE-OS 19 43 689.
  • polysaccharides e.g. B. starch, maltodextrins, dextrose, galactose, mannose, xylose, etc.
  • the industrially available carbohydrates starch, maltodextrins and especially dextrose are preferred.
  • alkyl polyglycosides are always mixtures of oligomers, which in turn represent mixtures of different isomeric forms. They exist side by side with ⁇ - and ⁇ -glycosidic bonds in pyranose and furanose form. The junctions between two Saccachrid residues are also different.
  • Alkyl polyglycosides used according to the invention can also be prepared by mixing alkyl polyglycosides with alkyl monoglycosides.
  • the latter can e.g. B. according to EP-A 0 092 355 using polar solvents, such as acetone, from alkyl polyglycosides.
  • polar solvents such as acetone
  • the degree of glycosidation is expediently determined by means of 1 H-NMR.
  • the detergents according to the invention preferably contain 1 to 10% of short-chain alkyl polyglycoside 2-8%, and 2-20% long-chain alkyl polyglycoside, preferably 3-15%, the ratio of Short-chain to long-chain fraction 1:10 to 2: 1, preferably 2: 10 to 1: 1.
  • the alkyl polyglycosides Compared to almost all other surfactants used in detergents, the alkyl polyglycosides apply as extremely environmentally friendly. This is how it is determined using the sewage treatment plant simulation model / DOC analysis degree of biodegradation for the alkyl polyglycosides according to the invention at 96 ⁇ 3%. That number is before Background to see that with this test method (total degradation) already a degree of degradation ⁇ 70% Substance indicated as readily degradable.
  • the acute oral toxicity LD 50 (rat) with> 10,000 mg / kg and the aquatic toxicity LC 50 (Gold orfe) with approx. 12 mg / l and EC 50 (daphnia) with 30 mg / l are cheaper by a factor of 3 to 5 than that corresponding values of the most important surfactants today. The same applies to skin and mucous membrane compatibility.
  • the compounds are generally formed by the addition of ethylene oxide to longer-chain alcohols prepared in the presence of basic or acidic catalysts.
  • ethylene oxide ethylene oxide
  • Alternative for economic reasons are industrially accessible alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms from the hydrogenation of carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid derivatives.
  • Ziegler alcohols or oxo alcohols can also be used.
  • the alcohol oxyethylates are known to be readily biodegradable; Your data is also cheap with regard to aquatoxicity, skin and mucous membrane tolerance.
  • the detergents according to the invention contain 3 to 30% fatty alcohol oxyethylates, which are also mixtures could be. A content of 5 to 20% is preferred.
  • Fatty acid salts or their acids according to the invention correspond to formula IV R '''COOP in which R "'is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and P being hydrogen, alkali, ammonium or alkanolammonium.
  • the detergents according to the invention contain 5 to 30%, preferably 7 to 20%, most of the soap will be a mixture of different components.
  • alkanesulfonates are alkanesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, ⁇ -sulfofatty acid esters, Fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, sulfosuccinic acid esters, fatty acid alkanolamides, Amine oxides, betaines, sulfobetaines, etc.
  • Builders are primarily to be mentioned as non-surfactant components.
  • water-soluble builders such as different polyphosphates, phosphonates, carbonates, polycarboxylates, Citrates, polyacetates such as NTA and EDTA, etc. or their mixtures. These connections will be usually used as alkali salts, preferably as sodium salts. Although not complex, too To mention sodium sulfate here.
  • Builders such as aluminosilicates of suitable particle size (cf. EP-A 0 075 994).
  • the concentration of the builders in the detergent is 0 to 70%, preferably 0 to 50%.
  • bleaching agents such as sodium perborate are also optionally combined with bleach activators such as tetraacetylethylene diamine etc. or percarbonate; of course also come into question other bleaching agents (cf. K. Engel, Tenside Surfactants 25, p. 21 (1988).
  • concentration of the bleaching agents is 0 to 40%, preferably 0 to 30%.
  • Adjusting agents such as low molecular weight 1- or 2-valent alcohols may be used according to the invention, Alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols, hydrotropes such as alkylbenzenesulfonates with 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the Alkyl radical, alkanolamines or urea, enzymes such as proteases in particular and enzyme stabilizers, Corrosion inhibitors such as alkali silicates, optical brighteners, in particular based on stilbene and pyrazoline, Foam regulators, graying inhibitors such.
  • B carboxymethyicellulose, perfume oils, dyes and further ingredients customary for liquid or powder detergents.
  • the total use concentration in the machine detergents according to the invention is for the surfactant content 0.3 - 20 g / l. 0.5-10 g / l are preferred.
  • the invention is illustrated by the following examples.
  • the liquid detergent formulations listed in Tab. 1 contain in addition to the surfactants mentioned, used according to the invention Each contains 6% triethanolamine, 12% ethanol, 6% 1,2-propylene glycol and water ad 100%.
  • the powders listed in Table 2 each contain 10% sodium perborate, 4.5% Na, Mg silicate, 14% Na 2 SO 4 , 24% Wessalith P, 3% Sokalan CP 5, 8 % Na 2 CO 3 , 3.5% TAED and 0.4% phosphonate.
  • the foaming power was determined in accordance with DIN 53 902, Part 1.
  • the concentration on detergent substance was 1 g / l, the foam volume was registered after 5 minutes.
  • the Washing ability was both in the Linitest laboratory washing machine (i.e. with moderate mechanical stress) as well as measured in a normal household washing machine Foam development checked, which corresponded approximately to the DIN values.
  • Tab. 1 shows the comparison of the properties of the detergents according to the invention as a liquid formulation with those of other known combinations as well as with a liquid brand detergent, in which one can assume a recipe optimization.
  • the clear point and viscosity correspond approximately to that for liquid detergent standard on the market.
  • the foaming power of the formulations according to the invention shows - without further regulating additives - favorable values. This applies in particular to the washing ability.
  • Tab. 2 shows the comparison of the properties of powdery detergent formulations according to the invention with a known combination or with a branded detergent. Bulk density and Foaming power was determined according to DIN methods.
  • the solubility can be estimated by plotting the electrical conductivity over time, with 80% of a mean final conductivity as a measured value when dissolving 3 g of powder in 800 ml Drinking water (13 ° dH) was taken.
  • the measured values contain an error of ⁇ 5%.
  • Triton R BG 10 - Alkyl polyglycoside from Rohm and Haas Triton R CG 110 - Alkyl polyglycoside from Rohm and Haas C 12 C 14 [G 1.2] - C 12/14 alkyl polyglycoside with a degree of glycosidation of 1.2 C 12 C 13 [G 1.1] - C 12/13 alkyl polyglycoside with a degree of glycosidation of 1.1 C 12 C 13 [G 1.7] - C 12/13 alkyl polyglycoside with a degree of glycosidation of 1.7 MARLIPAL R 24/60 - C 12/14 fatty alcohol oxyethylate with 6 mol EO / mol MARLIPAL R 24/80 - C 12/14 fatty alcohol oxyethylate with 8 mol EO / mol Soap 1 - Coconut fatty acid neutralized with triethanolamine Soap 2

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

A low-foam, liquid or powdered machine detergent containing 3 to 30% of alkyl polyglycoside 3 to 30% of fatty alcohol ethoxylate 5 to 30% of soap and 0 to 5% of other surfactants characterised in that the alkyl polyglycoside is a mixture of at least 2 components of the formulae I and II <IMAGE> in which R is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical with 8 to 11 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, Zn is a polyglycosyl radical with n = 1 to 3 hexose or pentose units or mixtures thereof, R' is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical with 12 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, Z'm is a polyglycosyl radical with m = 1 to 3 hexose or pentose units or mixtures thereof.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft flüssige oder pulverförmige Zubereitungen zum Waschen von Textilien, deren Tenside weitestgehend aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen hergestellt werden.The present invention relates to liquid or powder preparations for washing Textiles whose surfactants are largely made from renewable raw materials.

Flüssige Waschmittel bestehen heute vor allem aus anionischen Tensiden, insbesondere Alkylbenzolsulfonat, Fettalkoholoxethylat und Seife, wohingegen Waschpulver neben den Tensiden Alkylbenzolsulfonat und Fettalkoholoxethylat als wesentliche Wirkstoffe noch Buildersubstanzen, Bleichmittel und andere Elektrolyte enthalten. Gemeinsam ist flüssigen und pulverförmigen Waschmittelformulierungen, daß als Tenside insbesondere solche auf petrochemischer Basis eingesetzt werden.Liquid detergents today mainly consist of anionic surfactants, especially alkylbenzenesulfonate, Fatty alcohol oxyethylate and soap, whereas washing powder in addition to the surfactants alkyl benzene sulfonate and fatty alcohol oxyethylate as essential active ingredients, builder substances, bleaching agents and other electrolytes contain. Common to liquid and powder detergent formulations is that they are surfactants in particular those based on petrochemicals are used.

Im Hinblick auf die zukünftige Rohstoffsituation (Erdölverknappung) ist diese petrochemische Basis ein erheblicher Nachteil. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß biologische Abbaubarkeit und Ökotoxizität dieser Tenside häufig nicht das entsprechende Niveau von Tensiden auf nativer Basis erreichen.With regard to the future raw material situation (oil shortage) this petrochemical basis is one considerable disadvantage. Another disadvantage is that it is biodegradable and ecotoxic these surfactants often do not reach the corresponding level of surfactants on a native basis.

Aufgabe der Erfindung war es daher, eine Tensidkombination für schwachschäumende Waschmittel zu finden, die weitestgehend aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen hergestellt werden und die neben sehr guten Waschergebnissen hervorragend biologisch abbaubar sind.The object of the invention was therefore to provide a surfactant combination for low-foaming detergents find that are largely made from renewable raw materials and which are very good Washing results are extremely biodegradable.

Diese Aufgabe wurde gelöst durch eine Tensidkombination, die im wesentlichen aus Alkylpolyglycosiden, Fettalkoholoxethylaten und Seife besteht.This object was achieved by a surfactant combination consisting essentially of alkyl polyglycosides, There is fatty alcohol oxyethylates and soap.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist daher ein schwachschäumendes, flüssiges oder pulverförmiges Maschinen-Waschmittel enthaltend

  • 3 bis 30 % Alkylpolyglykosid
  • 3 bis 30 % Fettalkoholoxethylat
  • 5 bis 30 % Seife und
  • 0 bis 5 % andere Tenside,
    • welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß das Alkylpolyglycosid eine Mischung aus 2 Komponenten der Formeln I bzw. II R-O-Zn R'-O-Z'm enthält, in denen R einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest mit 8 bis 11 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Gemische davon, Zn ein Polyglycosylradikal mit n = 1 bis 3 Hexose- oder Pentoseeinheiten oder Mischungen davon, R' einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Gemische davon und Z'm ein Polyglycosylradikal mit m = 1 bis 3 Hexose- oder Pentoseeinheiten oder Gemische davon bedeuten.The invention therefore relates to a low-foaming, liquid or powdered machine detergent
  • 3 to 30% alkyl polyglycoside
  • 3 to 30% fatty alcohol oxyethylate
  • 5 to 30% soap and
  • 0 to 5% other surfactants,
    • which is characterized in that the alkyl polyglycoside is a mixture of 2 components of the formulas I and II RON n R'-O-Z ' m contains in which R is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 8 to 11 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, Z n is a polyglycosyl radical with n = 1 to 3 hexose or pentose units or mixtures thereof, R 'is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and Z ' m is a polyglycosyl radical with m = 1 to 3 hexose or pentose units or mixtures thereof.

    Die Verwendung von einem Alkylpolyglycosid in Kombination mit Fettalkoholoxethylaten und auch mit anionischen Tensiden ist an sich bekannt. So erwähnt bereits die DE-OS 593 422 die wascheffektverstärkende Wirkung von Alkylglycosid bei Seifen. Spätere Schriften wie EP-A 0 075 994, 075 995, 075 996, 094 118 und 317 614 beschreiben den Einsatz von Alkylpolyglycosid in Kombination mit anionischen und/oder nichtionischen Tensiden in Waschmitteln.The use of an alkyl polyglycoside in combination with fatty alcohol oxyethylates and also with anionic surfactants are known per se. For example, DE-OS 593 422 already mentions the wash effect enhancer Effect of alkyl glycoside on soaps. Later publications such as EP-A 0 075 994, 075 995, 075 996, 094 118 and 317 614 describe the use of alkyl polyglycoside in combination with anionic and / or nonionic surfactants in detergents.

    Überraschend wurde nun aber festgestellt, daß die erfindungsgemäße Formulierung mit 2 unterschiedlichen Alkylpolyglycosiden hervorragende Waschergebenisse liefert.Surprisingly, it has now been found that the formulation according to the invention has 2 different Alkyl polyglycosides provide excellent washing results.

    Es wird als Alkylpolyglycosid eine Mischung aus mindestens 2 Komponenten einsetzt, die sich einerseits hinsichtlich der Kettenlänge ihrer Alkylgruppen stark unterscheiden und andererseits in unterschiedlicher Konzentration verwendet werden. Hauptkomponenten sind hierbei Alkylpolyglycoside, deren Alkylgruppen 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatome enthalten; Nebenkomponenten sind solche, deren Alkylgruppe 7 bis 11 Kohlenstoffatome enthalten. Erfindungsgemäß in dem o. a. tensidischen Anteil ist ein Gehalt an kurzkettigem Alkylpolyglycosid von 1 bis 10 % und an langkettigem von 2 bis 20 %.As the alkyl polyglycoside, a mixture of at least 2 components is used on the one hand differ greatly in the chain length of their alkyl groups and on the other hand in different Concentration can be used. The main components are alkyl polyglycosides, their Alkyl groups contain 12 to 18 carbon atoms; Secondary components are those whose alkyl group 7th contain up to 11 carbon atoms. According to the invention in the above. surfactant content is a content of short-chain alkyl polyglycoside from 1 to 10% and long-chain from 2 to 20%.

    Weitere Bestandteile des erfindungsgemäßen Waschmittels in Abhängigkeit vom Aggregationszustand sind Fettalkoholoxethylate, sowie weitere Tenside in kleinen Mengen, Komplexbildner, Bleichmittel, optische Aufheller, Vergrauungsinhibitoren, Korrosionsinhibitoren, Schaumregulatoren, Stabilisatoren, Enzyme, Enzymstabilisatoren, Elektrolyte, hydrotrope Substanzen, Löslichkeitsvermittler, etc.Other components of the detergent according to the invention depending on the state of aggregation are fatty alcohol oxyethylates and other surfactants in small quantities, complexing agents, bleaching agents, optical Brighteners, graying inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, foam regulators, stabilizers, enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, Electrolytes, hydrotropic substances, solubilizers, etc.

    AlkylpolyglycosideAlkyl polyglycosides

    Erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte kürzerkettige Alkylpolyglycoside genügen der Formel I R-O-Zn in der R für einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten aliphatischen Alkylrest mit 7 bis 11 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Gemische davon und Zn für einen Polyglycosylrest mit n = 1,0 bis 3 Hexose- oder Pentoseeinheiten oder Gemische davon stehen.Short-chain alkyl polyglycosides used according to the invention satisfy the formula I. RON n in which R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alkyl radical having 7 to 11 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and Z n represents a polyglycosyl radical with n = 1.0 to 3 hexose or pentose units or mixtures thereof.

    Bevorzugt werden Alkylpolyglycoside mit Alkylresten mit 8 bis 11 Kohlenstoffatomen sowie einem Polyglycosylrest von n = 1,1 bis 2. Besonders bevorzugt werden Alkylpolyglucoside.Alkyl polyglycosides with alkyl radicals having 8 to 11 carbon atoms and one are preferred Polyglycosyl radical from n = 1.1 to 2. Alkylpolyglucosides are particularly preferred.

    Erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte längerkettige Alkylpolyglycoside genügen der Formel II R'-O-Z'm in der R' für einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten aliphatischen Alkylrest mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Gemische davon und Z'm für einen Polyglycosylrest mit n = 1,0 bis 3 Hexose- oder Pentoseeinheiten oder Gemische davon stehen.Longer-chain alkyl polyglycosides used according to the invention satisfy formula II R'-O-Z ' m in which R 'is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alkyl radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and Z' m is a polyglycosyl radical with n = 1.0 to 3 hexose or pentose units or mixtures thereof.

    Bevorzugt werden Alkylpolyglycoside mit Fettalkylresten mit 12 bis 16 Kohlenstoffatomen sowie einem Polyglycosylrest von n = 1,1 bis 2. Besonders bevorzugt werden Alkylpolyglucoside.Alkyl polyglycosides with fatty alkyl radicals having 12 to 16 carbon atoms and one are preferred Polyglycosyl radical from n = 1.1 to 2. Alkylpolyglucosides are particularly preferred.

    Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Alkylpolyglycoside können nach bekannten Verfahren auf Basis nachwachsender Rohstoffe hergestellt werden.The alkyl polyglycosides used according to the invention can be based on known processes renewable raw materials are produced.

    Beispielsweise wird Dextrose in Gegenwart eines sauren Katalysators mit n-Butanol zu Butylpolyglycosidgemischen umgesetzt, welche mit langkettigen Alkoholen ebenfalls in Gegenwart eines sauren Katalysators zu den gewünschten Alkylpolyglycosidgemischen umglycosidiert werden. Oder Dextrose wird unmittelbar mit dem gewünschten langkettigen Alkohol umgesetzt.For example, dextrose is mixed with n-butanol to form butyl polyglycoside mixtures in the presence of an acid catalyst implemented with long-chain alcohols also in the presence of an acid catalyst can be re-glycosidated to the desired alkyl polyglycoside mixtures. Or dextrose becomes immediate implemented with the desired long-chain alcohol.

    Die Struktur der Produkte ist in bestimmten Grenzen variierbar. Der Alkylrest R bzw. R' wird durch die Auswahl des langkettigen Alkohols festgelegt. Günstig aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen sind die großtechnisch zugänglichen Alkohole mit 7 bis 18 C-Atomen, insbesondere native Alkohole aus der Hydrierung von Carbonsäuren bzw. Carbonsäurederivaten. Verwendbar sind auch Ziegleralkohole oder Oxoalkohole.The structure of the products can be varied within certain limits. The alkyl radical R or R 'is by the Long-chain alcohol selection set. On an industrial scale, they are cheap for economic reasons accessible alcohols with 7 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular native alcohols from the hydrogenation of Carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid derivatives. Ziegler alcohols or oxo alcohols can also be used.

    Die Polyglycosylreste Zn bzw. Z'm werden einerseits durch die Auswahl des Kohlenhydrats und andererseits durch die Einstellung des mittleren Polymerisationsgrads n bzw. m z. B. nach DE-OS 19 43 689 festgelegt. Im Prinzip können bekanntlich Polysaccharide, z. B. Stärke, Maltodextrine, Dextrose, Galaktose, Mannose, Xylose, etc. eingesetzt werden. Bevorzugt sind die großtechnisch verfügbaren Kohlenhydrate Stärke, Maltodextrine und besonders Dextrose. Da die wirtschaftlich interessanten Alkylpolyglycosidsynthesen nicht regio- und stereoselektiv verlaufen, sind die Alkylpolyglycoside stets Gemische von Oligomeren, die ihrerseits Gemische verschiedener isomerer Formen darstellen. Sie liegen nebeneinander mit α- und β-glycosidischen Bindungen in Pyranose- und Furanoseform vor. Auch die Verknüpfungsstellen zwischen zwei Saccachridresten sind unterschiedlich.The polyglycosyl radicals Z n and Z ' m are determined, on the one hand, by the selection of the carbohydrate and, on the other hand, by setting the average degree of polymerization n or m. B. according to DE-OS 19 43 689. In principle, it is known that polysaccharides, e.g. B. starch, maltodextrins, dextrose, galactose, mannose, xylose, etc. can be used. The industrially available carbohydrates starch, maltodextrins and especially dextrose are preferred. Since the economically interesting alkyl polyglycoside syntheses are not regio- and stereoselective, the alkyl polyglycosides are always mixtures of oligomers, which in turn represent mixtures of different isomeric forms. They exist side by side with α- and β-glycosidic bonds in pyranose and furanose form. The junctions between two Saccachrid residues are also different.

    Erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Alkylpolyglycoside lassen sich auch durch Abmischen von Alkylpolyglycosiden mit Alkylmonoglycosiden herstellen. Letztere kann man z. B. nach EP-A 0 092 355 mittels polarer Lösemittel, wie Aceton, aus Alkylpolyglycosiden gewinnen bzw. anreichern. Der Glycosidierungsgrad wird zweckmäßigerweise mittels 1H-NMR bestimmt.Alkyl polyglycosides used according to the invention can also be prepared by mixing alkyl polyglycosides with alkyl monoglycosides. The latter can e.g. B. according to EP-A 0 092 355 using polar solvents, such as acetone, from alkyl polyglycosides. The degree of glycosidation is expediently determined by means of 1 H-NMR.

    Die erfindungsgemäßen Waschmittel enthalten 1 bis 10 % kurzkettiges Alkylpolyglycosid, vorzugsweise 2 - 8 %, sowie 2 - 20 % langkettiges Alkylpolyglycosid, vorzugsweise 3 - 15 %, wobei das Verhältnis von kurzkettigem zu langkettigem Anteil 1 : 10 bis 2 : 1, vorzugsweise 2 : 10 bis 1 : 1 beträgt.The detergents according to the invention preferably contain 1 to 10% of short-chain alkyl polyglycoside 2-8%, and 2-20% long-chain alkyl polyglycoside, preferably 3-15%, the ratio of Short-chain to long-chain fraction 1:10 to 2: 1, preferably 2: 10 to 1: 1.

    Im Vergleich zu fast allen anderen in Waschmitteln eingesetzten Tensiden gelten die Alkylpolyglycoside als überaus umweltverträglich. So liegt der mittels Kläranlagen-Simulationsmodell/DOC-Analyse bestimmte biologische Abbaugrad für die erfindungsgemäßen Alkylpolyglycoside bei 96 ± 3 %. Diese Zahl ist vor dem Hintergrund zu sehen, daß bei diesem Testverfahren (Totalabbau) bereits ein Abbaugrad ≧ 70 % die Substanz als gut abbaubar indiziert.Compared to almost all other surfactants used in detergents, the alkyl polyglycosides apply as extremely environmentally friendly. This is how it is determined using the sewage treatment plant simulation model / DOC analysis degree of biodegradation for the alkyl polyglycosides according to the invention at 96 ± 3%. That number is before Background to see that with this test method (total degradation) already a degree of degradation ≧ 70% Substance indicated as readily degradable.

    Auch die akute orale Toxizität LD 50 (Ratte) mit > 10 000 mg/kg sowie die aquatische Toxizität LC 50 (Goldorfe) mit ca. 12 mg/l und EC 50 (Daphnien) mit 30 mg/l liegen um den Faktor 3 bis 5 günstiger als die entsprechenden Werte der heute wichtigsten Tenside. Ähnliches gilt für die Haut- und Schleimhautverträglichkeit.The acute oral toxicity LD 50 (rat) with> 10,000 mg / kg and the aquatic toxicity LC 50 (Gold orfe) with approx. 12 mg / l and EC 50 (daphnia) with 30 mg / l are cheaper by a factor of 3 to 5 than that corresponding values of the most important surfactants today. The same applies to skin and mucous membrane compatibility.

    FettalkoholoxethylateFatty alcohol oxyethylates

    Fettalkoholoxethylate sind Verbindungen der Formel III R"-O-(CH2-CH2-O)xH in der R" einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest mit 8 bis 22, vorzugsweise 10 - 20 Kohlenstoffatomen und x = 2 bis 20, vorzugsweise 3 bis 15 bedeuten.Fatty alcohol oxyethylates are compounds of the formula III R "-O- (CH 2 -CH 2 -O) x H in which R "is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 8 to 22, preferably 10 to 20 carbon atoms and x = 2 to 20, preferably 3 to 15.

    Die Verbindungen werden im allgemeinen durch Anlagerung von Ethylenoxid an längerkettige Alkohole in Gegenwart von basischen oder sauren Katalysatoren hergestellt. Günstig aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen sind großtechnisch zugängliche Alkohole mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen aus der Hydrierung von Carbonsäuren bzw. Carbonsäurederivaten. Verwendbar sind aber auch Ziegleralkohole oder Oxoalkohole.The compounds are generally formed by the addition of ethylene oxide to longer-chain alcohols prepared in the presence of basic or acidic catalysts. Favorable for economic reasons are industrially accessible alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms from the hydrogenation of carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid derivatives. Ziegler alcohols or oxo alcohols can also be used.

    Die Alkoholoxethylate sind bekanntlich biologisch sehr gut abbaubar; günstig ebenfalls sind ihre Daten hinsichtlich Aquatoxizität, Haut- und Schleimhautverträglichkeit.The alcohol oxyethylates are known to be readily biodegradable; Your data is also cheap with regard to aquatoxicity, skin and mucous membrane tolerance.

    Die erfindungsgemäßen Waschmittel enthalten 3 bis 30 % Fettalkoholoxethylate, die auch Gemische sein können. Bevorzugt wird ein Gehalt von 5 bis 20 %.The detergents according to the invention contain 3 to 30% fatty alcohol oxyethylates, which are also mixtures could be. A content of 5 to 20% is preferred.

    SeifeSoap

    Erfindungsgemäße fettsaure Salze bzw. ihre Säuren entsprechen der Formel IV R'''COOP in der R"' einen gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen und P Wasserstoff, Alkali, Ammonium oder Alkanolammonium bedeuten.Fatty acid salts or their acids according to the invention correspond to formula IV R '''COOP in which R "'is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and P being hydrogen, alkali, ammonium or alkanolammonium.

    Die erfindungsgemäßen Waschmittel enthalten 5 bis 30 %, vorzugsweise 7 bis 20 % Seife, die meist ein Gemisch von verschiedenen Komponenten sein wird.The detergents according to the invention contain 5 to 30%, preferably 7 to 20%, most of the soap will be a mixture of different components.

    Weitere tensidische BestandteileOther surfactant components

    Erfindungsgemäß einzusetzen sind bis zu 5 % weitere anionische, nichtionische, zwitterionische und ampholytische Tenside. Insbesondere sind dies Alkansulfonate, Olefinsulfonate, Alkylbenzolsulfonate, α-Sulfofettsäureester, Fettalkoholsulfate, Fettalkoholethersulfate, Sulfobernsteinsäureester, Fettsäurealkanolamide, Aminoxide, Betaine, Sulfobetaine, etc.According to the invention, up to 5% of other anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic and ampholytic surfactants. In particular, these are alkanesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, α-sulfofatty acid esters, Fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, sulfosuccinic acid esters, fatty acid alkanolamides, Amine oxides, betaines, sulfobetaines, etc.

    Weitere nicht-tensidische BestandteileOther non-surfactant components

    Als nichttensidische Bestandteile sind in erster Linie Builder zu nennen. Erfindungsgemäß verwendet werden wasserlösliche Builder wie unterschiedliche Polyphosphate, Phosphonate, Carbonate, Polycarboxylate, Citrate, Polyacetate wie NTA und EDTA, etc. bzw. deren Gemische. Diese Verbindungen werden gewöhnlich als Alkalisalze, vorzugsweise als Natriumsalze eingesetzt. Obwohl nicht komplexierend ist auch Natriumsulfat hier zu nennen. Ebenfalls erfindungsgemäß ist die Verwendung von wasserunlöslichen Buildern, wie Alumosilikaten geeigneter Teilchengröße (vgl. EP-A 0 075 994). Die Konzentration der Builder im Waschmittel beträgt 0 bis 70 %, vorzugsweise 0 bis 50 %.Builders are primarily to be mentioned as non-surfactant components. Used according to the invention water-soluble builders such as different polyphosphates, phosphonates, carbonates, polycarboxylates, Citrates, polyacetates such as NTA and EDTA, etc. or their mixtures. These connections will be usually used as alkali salts, preferably as sodium salts. Although not complex, too To mention sodium sulfate here. The use of water-insoluble is also according to the invention Builders, such as aluminosilicates of suitable particle size (cf. EP-A 0 075 994). The concentration of the builders in the detergent is 0 to 70%, preferably 0 to 50%.

    Erfindungsgemäß eingesetzt werden ferner Bleichmittel wie Natriumperborat gegebenenfalls kombiniert mit Bleichaktivatoren wie Tetraacetylethylendiamin etc. oder Percarbonat; in Frage kommen natürlich auch andere Bleichmittel (vgl. K. Engel, Tenside Surfactants 25, S. 21 (1988). Die Konzentration der Bleichmittel beträgt 0 bis 40 %, vorzugsweise 0 - 30 %.According to the invention, bleaching agents such as sodium perborate are also optionally combined with bleach activators such as tetraacetylethylene diamine etc. or percarbonate; of course also come into question other bleaching agents (cf. K. Engel, Tenside Surfactants 25, p. 21 (1988). The concentration of the bleaching agents is 0 to 40%, preferably 0 to 30%.

    Erfindungsgemäß einzusetzen sind ggf. Stellmittel wie niedermolekulare 1- oder 2-wertige Alkohole, Alkylether von mehrwertigen Alkoholen, Hydrotropica wie Alkylbenzolsulfonate mit 1 bis 3 C-Atomen im Alkylrest, Alkanolamine oder Harnstoff, Enzyme wie insbesondere Proteasen sowie Enzymstabilisatoren, Korrosionsinhibitoren wie Alkalisilikate, optische Aufheller insbesondere auf Stilben- und Pyrazolinbasis, Schaumregulatoren, Vergrauungsinhibitoren wie z. B. Carboxymethyicellulose, Parfümöle, Farbstoffe und weitere für flüssige bzw. pulverförmige Waschmittel übliche Inhaltsstoffe.Adjusting agents such as low molecular weight 1- or 2-valent alcohols may be used according to the invention, Alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols, hydrotropes such as alkylbenzenesulfonates with 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the Alkyl radical, alkanolamines or urea, enzymes such as proteases in particular and enzyme stabilizers, Corrosion inhibitors such as alkali silicates, optical brighteners, in particular based on stilbene and pyrazoline, Foam regulators, graying inhibitors such. B. carboxymethyicellulose, perfume oils, dyes and further ingredients customary for liquid or powder detergents.

    Die Gesamteinsatzkonzentration in den erfindungsgemäßen Maschinenwaschmitteln beträgt für den tensidischen Anteil 0,3 - 20 g/l. Bevorzugt werden 0,5 - 10 g/l.The total use concentration in the machine detergents according to the invention is for the surfactant content 0.3 - 20 g / l. 0.5-10 g / l are preferred.

    BeispieleExamples

    Durch die nachfolgenden Beispiele wird die Erfindung erläutert. Die in Tab. 1 aufgeführten Flüssigwaschmittelformulierungen enthalten außer den genannten, erfindungsgemäß verwendeten tensidischen Bestandteilen jeweils 6 % Triethanolamin, 12 % Ethanol, 6 % 1,2-Propylenglykol und Wasser ad 100 %.The invention is illustrated by the following examples. The liquid detergent formulations listed in Tab. 1 contain in addition to the surfactants mentioned, used according to the invention Each contains 6% triethanolamine, 12% ethanol, 6% 1,2-propylene glycol and water ad 100%.

    Die in Tab. 2 aufgeführten Pulver enthalten außer den genannten, erfindungsgemäß verwendeten tensidischen Bestandteilen jeweils 10 % Natriumperborat, 4,5 % Na,Mg-Silikat, 14 % Na2SO4, 24 % Wessalith P, 3 % Sokalan CP 5, 8 % Na2CO3, 3,5 % TAED und 0,4 % Phosphonat. In addition to the surfactant constituents used according to the invention, the powders listed in Table 2 each contain 10% sodium perborate, 4.5% Na, Mg silicate, 14% Na 2 SO 4 , 24% Wessalith P, 3% Sokalan CP 5, 8 % Na 2 CO 3 , 3.5% TAED and 0.4% phosphonate.

    Das Schäumvermögen wurde entsprechend DIN 53 902, Teil 1, bestimmt. Die Konzentration an waschaktiver Substanz betrug jeweils 1 g/l, registriert wurde das Schaumvolumen nach 5 Minuten. Das Waschvermögen wurde sowohl in der Linitestlaborwaschmaschine (d. h. bei mäßiger mechanischer Belastung) als auch in einer normalen Haushaltswaschmaschine gemessen, hierbei wurde ebenfalls die Schaumentwicklung überprüft, die in etwa den DIN-Werten entsprach.The foaming power was determined in accordance with DIN 53 902, Part 1. The concentration on detergent substance was 1 g / l, the foam volume was registered after 5 minutes. The Washing ability was both in the Linitest laboratory washing machine (i.e. with moderate mechanical stress) as well as measured in a normal household washing machine Foam development checked, which corresponded approximately to the DIN values.

    Als Modellgewebe dienten 11 x 18 cm große Lappen aus WFK-Testgewebe mit Hautfett-Pigmentanschmutzung: Polyester (PE), Mischgewebe (MG) und Baumwolle (BW), als Wasser Trinkwasser (13 °dH). Polyester wurde bei 30 °C, Mischgewebe und Baumwolle bei 60 °C gewaschen. Bei der Linitestlaborwaschmaschine lag die Wirkstoffkonzentration bei 1 g/l, bei der Haushaltswaschmaschine bei 5 g/l, der pH jeweils bei etwa 7, das Flottenverhältnis bei etwa 1 : 60 bzw. 1 : 4, die Waschzeiten in beiden Fällen betrugen etwa 30 Minuten.11 x 18 cm rags made of WFK test fabric with skin fat pigment soiling served as model fabric: Polyester (PE), mixed fabric (MG) and cotton (BW), as water drinking water (13 ° dH). Polyester was washed at 30 ° C, blended fabrics and cotton at 60 ° C. At the Linitest laboratory washing machine the active ingredient concentration was 1 g / l, in the household washing machine 5 g / l, the pH each around 7, the liquor ratio around 1: 60 and 1: 4, the washing times in both cases were about 30 minutes.

    Bei der Linitestmaschine wurde der Waschvorgang nach jeweiligem Spülen 2 mal wiederholt. Die Waschwerte nach dem Trocknen der Gewebe wurden - wie üblich - spektralphotometrisch relativ zu einem Weißstandard (Datacolor, 560 nm) gemessen.In the Linitest machine, the washing process was repeated twice after each rinse. The Washing values after drying the fabrics were - as usual - spectrophotometrically relative to one White standard (Datacolor, 560 nm) measured.

    Flüssige FormulierungenLiquid formulations

    Tab. 1 zeigt den Vergleich der Eigenschaften der erfindungsgemäßen Waschmittel als Flüssigformulierung mit denen anderer bekannter Kombinationen sowie mit einem flüssigen Markenwaschmittel, bei dem man eine Rezepturoptimierung voraussetzen kann. Klarpunkt und Viskosität entsprechen in etwa dem für flüssige Waschmittel marktüblichen Standard. Das Schäumvermögen der erfindungsgemäßen Formulierungen zeigt - ohne weitere regulierende Additive - günstige Werte. Insbesondere gilt dies für das Waschvermögen.Tab. 1 shows the comparison of the properties of the detergents according to the invention as a liquid formulation with those of other known combinations as well as with a liquid brand detergent, in which one can assume a recipe optimization. The clear point and viscosity correspond approximately to that for liquid detergent standard on the market. The foaming power of the formulations according to the invention shows - without further regulating additives - favorable values. This applies in particular to the washing ability.

    Im Vergleich mit dem Markenwaschmittel (Beispiel 13(V) und selbst auch mit den Alkylpolyglycosidhaltigen Formulierungen (Beispiele 1 (V) bis 5 (V) verhalten sich die erfindungsgemäßen Waschmittel in ihrer Waschaktivität weit überlegen.In comparison with the brand detergent (example 13 (V) and even with the alkyl polyglycoside-containing ones Formulations (Examples 1 (V) to 5 (V) behave in the detergents according to the invention Washing activity far superior.

    Pulverformulierungen:Powder formulations:

    Tab. 2 zeigt den Vergleich der Eigenschaften von erfindungsgemäßen pulverigen Waschmittelformulierungen mit denen einer bekannten Kombination bzw. mit einem Markenwaschmittel. Schüttdichte und Schäumvermögen wurden nach DIN-Methoden bestimmt.Tab. 2 shows the comparison of the properties of powdery detergent formulations according to the invention with a known combination or with a branded detergent. Bulk density and Foaming power was determined according to DIN methods.

    Eine Abschätzung der Löslichkeit gelingt mittels zeitlicher Auftragung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit, wobei als Meßwert 80 % einer mittleren Endleitfähigkeit beim Auflösen von 3 g Pulver in 800 ml Trinkwasser (13 °dH) genommen wurde. Die Meßwerte beinhalten einen Fehler von ± 5 %.The solubility can be estimated by plotting the electrical conductivity over time, with 80% of a mean final conductivity as a measured value when dissolving 3 g of powder in 800 ml Drinking water (13 ° dH) was taken. The measured values contain an error of ± 5%.

    Abgesehen von einer etwas höheren Schüttdichte, typisch für agglomerierte Waschpulver im Vergleich zu dem sprühgetrockneten Markenprodukt (Beispiel 23) verhalten sich die erfindungsgemäßen Pulver sehr ähnlich und in ihren Waschwerten weit besser.Apart from a slightly higher bulk density, typical for agglomerated washing powder in comparison The powders according to the invention are very sensitive to the spray-dried brand product (Example 23) similar and far better in their washing values.

    Überraschend ist, daß das bei Verwendung von Alkylpolyglycosid besonders bei Mischgeweben deutlich erhöhte Naschvermögen durch die erfindungsgemäße Formulierung nochmals verbessert wird.It is surprising that this is particularly the case with mixed fabrics when using alkyl polyglycoside significantly increased snacking ability is further improved by the formulation according to the invention.

    Folgende Abkürzungen wurden in den Tabellen verwendet: TritonR BG 10 - Alkylpolyglycosid von Rohm und Haas TritonR CG 110 - Alkylpolyglycosid von Rohm und Haas C12C14 [G 1.2] - C12/14-Alkylpolyglycosid mit einem Glycosidierungsgrad von 1.2 C12C13 [G 1.1] - C12/13-Alkylpolyglycosid mit einem Glycosidierungsgrad von 1.1 C12C13 [G 1.7] - C12/13-Alkylpolyglycosid mit einem Glycosidierungsgrad von 1.7 MARLIPALR 24/60 - C12/14-Fettalkoholoxethylat mit 6 mol EO/mol MARLIPALR 24/80 - C12/14-Fettalkoholoxethylat mit 8 mol EO/mol Seife 1 - Kokosfettsäure neutralisiert mit Triethanolamin Seife 2 - 90 Teile Rindertalg, 10 Teile Kokosfettsäure mit NaOH verseift PE - Polyester MG - Mischgewebe BW - Baumwolle

    Figure 00050001
    Figure 00060001
    Figure 00070001
    Figure 00080001
    The following abbreviations were used in the tables: Triton R BG 10 - Alkyl polyglycoside from Rohm and Haas Triton R CG 110 - Alkyl polyglycoside from Rohm and Haas C 12 C 14 [G 1.2] - C 12/14 alkyl polyglycoside with a degree of glycosidation of 1.2 C 12 C 13 [G 1.1] - C 12/13 alkyl polyglycoside with a degree of glycosidation of 1.1 C 12 C 13 [G 1.7] - C 12/13 alkyl polyglycoside with a degree of glycosidation of 1.7 MARLIPAL R 24/60 - C 12/14 fatty alcohol oxyethylate with 6 mol EO / mol MARLIPAL R 24/80 - C 12/14 fatty alcohol oxyethylate with 8 mol EO / mol Soap 1 - Coconut fatty acid neutralized with triethanolamine Soap 2 - 90 parts beef tallow, 10 parts coconut fatty acid saponified with NaOH PE - polyester MG - Blended fabrics BW - cotton
    Figure 00050001
    Figure 00060001
    Figure 00070001
    Figure 00080001

    Claims (7)

    1. A low-foam, liquid or powder machine detergent containing
      3 to 30% of alkyl polyglycoside
      3 to 30% of fatty alcohol oxyethylate
      5 to 30% of soap and
      0 to 5% of other surfactants,
      characterized in that the alkyl polyglycoside is mixed from at least 2 components of the formulae I and/or II R-O-Zn R'-O-Z'm in which R is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical with 8 to 11 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, Zn is a polyglycosyl radical with n = 1 to 3 hexose or pentose units or mixtures thereof, R' is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical with 12 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and Z'm is a polyglycosyl radical with m = 1 to 3 hexose or pentose units or mixtures thereof, the composition containing 1 to 10% of short-chain alkyl polyglycoside and 2 to 20% of long-chain alkyl polyglycoside and the ratio of the short-chain constituent to the long-chain constituent being 2:10 to 2:1.
    2. A low-foam, liquid or powder detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkyl polyglycosides are fatty alcohol glucosides with n = 1.1 to 2 and m = 1.1 to 2.
    3. A low-foam, liquid or powder detergent according to either of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the fatty alcohol oxyethylate corresponds to the formula III R''-O-(CH2-CH2-O)xH in which R'' is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical with 8 to 22 carbon atoms and x is 2 to 20.
    4. A low-foam, liquid or powder detergent according to claim 3, characterized in that R'' in formula III is an alkyl radical with 10 to 20 carbon atoms and x is 3 to 15.
    5. A low-foam, liquid or powder detergent according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the soap corresponds to the formula IV R'''COOP in which R''' is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical with 8 to 22 carbon atoms and P is hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium.
    6. A low-foam, liquid or powder detergent according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that builders, bleaches, fillers, enzymes, stabilizers, antiredeposition agents, corrosion inhibitors, optical brighteners, dyes, perfume oils and, where appropriate, further additives are present as non-surfactant ingredients.
    7. A low-foam, liquid or powder detergent according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the concentration of the surfactant constituent is 0.3 to 20 g/l.
    EP90124033A 1990-09-13 1990-12-13 Detergent Expired - Lifetime EP0474915B2 (en)

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    JPH04234499A (en) 1992-08-24
    NO913615L (en) 1992-03-16
    DE59009299D1 (en) 1995-07-27
    ES2076285T3 (en) 1995-11-01
    JP3132731B2 (en) 2001-02-05
    ATE124084T1 (en) 1995-07-15
    DE4029035A1 (en) 1992-03-19
    GR3017036T3 (en) 1995-11-30
    ES2076285T5 (en) 1998-11-01
    GR3027759T3 (en) 1998-11-30
    NO178232C (en) 1996-02-14
    CA2051189A1 (en) 1992-03-14
    EP0474915B1 (en) 1995-06-21
    DK0474915T3 (en) 1995-11-20
    US5370816A (en) 1994-12-06
    NO178232B (en) 1995-11-06
    NO913615D0 (en) 1991-09-12
    EP0474915A1 (en) 1992-03-18

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