EP0196174B1 - Moyens pour la synthèse séquentielle organique en phase solide et les méthodes de leurs emplois - Google Patents

Moyens pour la synthèse séquentielle organique en phase solide et les méthodes de leurs emplois Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0196174B1
EP0196174B1 EP86301587A EP86301587A EP0196174B1 EP 0196174 B1 EP0196174 B1 EP 0196174B1 EP 86301587 A EP86301587 A EP 86301587A EP 86301587 A EP86301587 A EP 86301587A EP 0196174 B1 EP0196174 B1 EP 0196174B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
subunits
linked
particles
synthesis
particle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86301587A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0196174A3 (en
EP0196174A2 (fr
Inventor
Richard A. Houghten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Scripps Research Institute
Original Assignee
Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation filed Critical Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation
Priority to AT86301587T priority Critical patent/ATE49603T1/de
Publication of EP0196174A2 publication Critical patent/EP0196174A2/fr
Publication of EP0196174A3 publication Critical patent/EP0196174A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0196174B1 publication Critical patent/EP0196174B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
    • C07K1/04—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length on carriers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0046—Sequential or parallel reactions, e.g. for the synthesis of polypeptides or polynucleotides; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making molecular arrays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
    • B01J2219/00279—Features relating to reactor vessels
    • B01J2219/00281—Individual reactor vessels
    • B01J2219/00295—Individual reactor vessels the reactor vessels having pervious side walls
    • B01J2219/00297—"Tea bags"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
    • B01J2219/00452—Means for the recovery of reactants or products
    • B01J2219/00454—Means for the recovery of reactants or products by chemical cleavage from the solid support
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
    • B01J2219/00457—Dispensing or evacuation of the solid phase support
    • B01J2219/00459—Beads
    • B01J2219/00461—Beads and reaction vessel together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
    • B01J2219/00497—Features relating to the solid phase supports
    • B01J2219/005—Beads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
    • B01J2219/0054—Means for coding or tagging the apparatus or the reagents
    • B01J2219/00542—Alphanumeric characters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
    • B01J2219/0054—Means for coding or tagging the apparatus or the reagents
    • B01J2219/00554—Physical means
    • B01J2219/00558—Cuts-out
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
    • B01J2219/0059—Sequential processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
    • B01J2219/00592—Split-and-pool, mix-and-divide processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
    • B01J2219/00596—Solid-phase processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00718—Type of compounds synthesised
    • B01J2219/0072—Organic compounds
    • B01J2219/00725—Peptides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C40—COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
    • C40B—COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
    • C40B40/00—Libraries per se, e.g. arrays, mixtures
    • C40B40/04—Libraries containing only organic compounds
    • C40B40/10—Libraries containing peptides or polypeptides, or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C40—COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
    • C40B—COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
    • C40B50/00—Methods of creating libraries, e.g. combinatorial synthesis
    • C40B50/14—Solid phase synthesis, i.e. wherein one or more library building blocks are bound to a solid support during library creation; Particular methods of cleavage from the solid support
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C40—COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
    • C40B—COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
    • C40B60/00—Apparatus specially adapted for use in combinatorial chemistry or with libraries
    • C40B60/14—Apparatus specially adapted for use in combinatorial chemistry or with libraries for creating libraries
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C40—COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
    • C40B—COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
    • C40B70/00—Tags or labels specially adapted for combinatorial chemistry or libraries, e.g. fluorescent tags or bar codes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1334—Nonself-supporting tubular film or bag [e.g., pouch, envelope, packet, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1345—Single layer [continuous layer]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to organic synthesis, and more specifically to those syntheses that are carried out on a solid phase support and in which a plurality of chemically similar subunits are coupled to the solid phase to form a sequence of subunits.
  • polypeptide analogs containing a variety of single amino acid substitutions at a given point, or polypeptides shortened at the carboxyl- terminus in the polypeptide chain until now, a separate synthesis for each of those polypeptides was required. This is true even though all of the deprotecting, washing, neutralization, and coupling steps for each polypeptide are identical except at the position varied.
  • the present invention contemplates a means for carrying out a sequential solid phase organic synthesis to form a reaction product molecule that contains a plurality of reacted subunits.
  • that means comprises a foraminous container that encloses a known quantity of reactive particles. Each of those reactive particles is of a size that is larger than any of the foraminae.
  • the particles contain a known amount of covalently linked organic synthesis reactive functionality that is capable of reacting during the organic synthesis being performed.
  • the container and the particles are substantially insoluble in water and in organic solvents, do not react with any chemicals used in the synthesis, and in particularly preferred practice are non-reactive with hydrogen fluoride.
  • a particularly preferred synthesis means contains a known quantity of solid support particles, which are preferably hydrophobic, solid phase resin beads, enclosed therein. Those particles have a known amount of identical organic synthesis subunits covalently linked to the particles by selectively severable covalent bonds.
  • each of the subunits contains a functional group that is capable of reacting during the organic synthesis but is protected from so reacting by a selectively removable, covalently linked protecting group.
  • Particularly preferred subunits are selected from the group consisting of (i) an alpha amino group-protected amino acid residue and (ii) an alpha amino group-protected and reactive side chain protected amino acid residue.
  • Methods of carrying out sequential, solid phase organic synthesis to form a reaction product containing a plurality of desired reacted subunits of a predetermined sequence are also contemplated.
  • Another aspect of the methods contemplates the steps of:
  • Another aspect of this invention is a method for simultaneously covalently bonding a subunit to each of a plurality of particle-linked subunits without intermingling subunit. This method comprises the steps of:
  • the present invention provides several benefits and advantages.
  • a particular advantage of this invention is that several particle-linked subunit sequences that require the addition of one or more of the same subunits may be reacted together without inseparable intermingling of the particle-linked subunit sequences.
  • Another benefit of the present invention is that 10-20 milligram quantities of each of hundreds subunit sequences may be routinely prepared in a one-month period of time or less at a minimum of expense.
  • the present invention contemplates a means for carrying out a solid phase organic synthesis to form a reaction product molecule containing a plurality of reacted subunits present in a known sequence of subunits.
  • Solid phase organic synthesis is the preparation of organic molecules such as polypeptides and oligo- or polynucleotides on a solid phase support such as particles of resin, glass or glass-resin composites.
  • organic molecules such as polypeptides and oligonucleotides prepared by such techniques as utilized in this invention contain two or more subunits such as amino acid or nucleotide residues reacted together by peptide or phosphate bonds, respectively, to form a covalently linked sequence of subunits in which the sequence is known from the reaction conditions employed; i.e., the order in which subunits of known identity were reacted.
  • Each synthesis means shown generally in the Figures by the numeral 10, is comprised of a foraminous container 12 that encloses a known quantity of solid phase synthesis particles 14.
  • the container does not chemically react with and is substantially insoluble in water, acids such as 6 normal sulfuric acid and anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, bases such as 10 normal sodium hydroxide, and organic solvents such as acetone, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, methylene chloride, chloroform, dimethyl acetamide, N-methyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl formamide and the like.
  • the container is substantially inert to reaction or dissolution with common laboratory liquids.
  • Suitable containers are preferably prepared from polymerized ethylene, propylene and mixtures thereof. Stainless steel and polytetrafluoroethylene may also be utilized as the containers.
  • Each container 12 includes a sufficient number of formainae or openings 16 to permit ready entrance and exit of solvent and solute molecules at the reaction temperature, which is typically that of the ambient air of a laboratory.
  • the container is prepared from a woven polypropylene mesh, and the foraminae 16 are the interstices between the woven fibers.
  • suitably inactive perforate or porous materials can be readily employed, such as a perforated sheet or a non-woven fabric sheet material.
  • the foraminae 16 are of a size that is smaller than any of the enclosed reactive particles 14.
  • the particles 14 are of a size that is larger than any of the foraminae.
  • Exemplary polypropylene mesh is available having interstices of about 35 to about 100 microns.
  • the mesh foraminae 16 are of a size to retain particles 14 that are retained on a 140 to a 400 standard sieve mesh. More preferably, particles 14 are retained within the foraminae that are retained on a 200 to 400 standard sieve mesh.
  • the foraminae 16 are large enough to permit draining of all solvents used during a solid phase synthesis within a time period of about five minutes, and more preferably, within a time period of about three minutes, the draining times being measured at the temperature of the organic reaction. While containers 12 shown in Figures 1-4 are each illustrated as being substantially completely foraminous (i.e., each being formed substantially entirely from mesh materials) it is to be understood synthesis means embodying the principles disclosed herein can be partially foraminous if desired.
  • the containers 12 enclose the reactive particles 14 and to do so are sealed by a closure means after a quantity of such particles is placed therewithin.
  • closure means include stitching 20 (see embodiment of Figure 1), weaving or stapling the container closed with a material that is as substantially inert to the reaction conditions employed as is the container itself.
  • Exemplary of such materials are filaments of polymerized ethylene, propylene, ethylene-co-propylene polymers and stainless steel.
  • containers such as those made from polypropylene mesh are heat-sealed closed, and the closure means is thus a substantially continuous heat-seal, such as shown at 18, 20 and 22 in the embodiment of Figures 3 and 4.
  • the containers also preferably include a means for identification 30.
  • the identification means may be a portion of the container such as a flattened, heat-sealed surface at 22 ( Figure 3) that extends from or is a portion of the container.
  • a tab 30 capable of bearing indicia that may be integral to the synthesis means or may be separately affixed to a container by a means such as heat-sealing or a filament 36 that is substantially inert to the reaction conditions, as described hereinbefore, may also be used.
  • the containers 12 may also be identified by cuts or notches 38 placed in a heat sealed edge.
  • a plurality of synthesis means 10 may also be integrally formed with each other from preferably heat-sealable sheets 70 and 72, at least one of which is foraminous, as is shown in Figures 9 and 10.
  • Each of the synthesis means so formed may be the same size, smaller or larger than the previously described individual synthesis means, and contain particles 14 similar to those already described.
  • the sheets 70 and 72 utilized to form the plurality of synthesis means are formed from polypropylene, polyethylene or a polyethylene - polypropylene copolymer mesh, and are heat-sealed at 22 to form the integral plurality of individual synthesis means containers 12.
  • a suitable surface capable of bearing indicia may be formed by heat sealing the peripheral edges of the foraminous sheets 70 and 72.
  • the mesh of the sheets 70 and 72 provides the foraminae 16 for the containers 12.
  • a container of a synthesis means of this invention encloses a known quantity of solid phase synthesis particles 14.
  • the particles 14 may be comprised of one or more constituents and include a covalently linked reactive functionality or a subunit covalently linked to the particle by a selectively severable bond.
  • particles are also referred to in the art as solid supports.
  • solid supports The phrases “particle” and “solid support” and their plurals are used interchangeably herein.
  • solid supports containing covalently linked reactive functionalities have been described in the chemical and biochemical literature, and any such support may be utilized so long as the solid support is insoluble in water, in the before-mentioned organic solvents and is substantially chemically inert to the reaction conditions utilized, as discussed before for the containers.
  • the solid support preferably swells in the solvents utilized during the synthesis due to physical, rather than chemical processes.
  • the solid supports typically fall into one of three general types, each of which is discussed below.
  • the polymerized resins are generally in the form of porous beads.
  • the hydrophobic polymerized styrene cross-linked with divinyl benzene (typically at about 0.5 to about 2 weight percent) resins are the most often utilized, especially for polypeptide syntheses.
  • the resin beads so prepared are further reacted to provide a known quantity of a benzyl moiety as a portion of the polymerized resin.
  • the benzyl moiety contains a reactive functional group through which the subunits of the sequence to be synthesized may be covalently linked by a selectively severable bond.
  • the reactive benzyl moieties are typically added after the resin bead has been synthesized by reaction of a polymerized styrene moiety, such resins are herein generally described as polymerized styrene cross-linked with divinyl benzene and including a known amount of polymerized vinyl benzyl moiety.
  • the reactive functionality of the benzyl moiety is typically selected from the group consisting of aminobenzyl and halobenzyl such as chlorobenzyl.
  • Polymerized, cross-linked styrene resins containing chlorobenzyl moieties are sometimes referred to in the art as chloromethyl styrene resins, while resins containing aminobenzyl moieties are sometimes referred to as amino - styrene or aminomethyl - styrene resins.
  • subunit/particle link formed between a particle containing aminobenzyl moiety and a carboxylic acid is not readily cleavable under usual conditions of synthesis.
  • such particles are used with severable linking groups between the particle and first linked subunit, where a free subunit reaction product is desired to be recovered.
  • Additional useful resin particles are those materials referred to by East et al., J. Immunol., 17, 519-525 (1980) as macroreticular resins. Those resins are said to be prepared from cross-linked polystyrene and to include a reactive aminobenzyl moiety. The described resin particles contain pores of a large enough cross-section to permit entry of antibodies and immunoreaction of those antibodies with the synthesized polypeptide.
  • the macroreticular resins were reported to be obtained from Rohm & Haas under the trademark designation XE-225A.
  • Resins containing a known amount of chlorobenzyl moieties may be purchased from Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO under the trademark names Merrifled's Peptide Resin (chloromethylated co-polystyrene divinylbenzene). Such materials are typically supplied containing about 0.1 to about 2 milliequivalents of chlorine per gram of particle.
  • the aminobenzyl group may be prepared from polymerized styrene cross-linked with divinyl benzene by reaction with N - (hydroxymethyl)phthalimide under Friedel-Crafts conditions followed by hydrazino- lysis of the phthalimide group as is described by Kent and Merrifield, Israel J. Chem., 17, 243-247 (1978). Particles containing reactive aminobenzyl moieities are also commercially available from Pierce Chemical Company of Rockford IL and are reported to contain about 0.3 to about 0.7 millimoles of aminobenzyl moiety per gram of particles.
  • linking groups between the reactive benzyl moiety and the first of a sequence of subunits may also be employed as is the case of the 4 - (oxymethyl) phenylacetyl group bonded to an amino benzyl moiety reported by Kent and Merrifield, above.
  • Another linking group is the 4 - (oxymethyl)phenoxy group bonded to a benzyl moiety as reported by Meienhofer et al., Int. J. Peptide Protein Res.; 13, 35-42 (1979).
  • polystyrene-based particles are frequently used in the synthesis of polypeptides in which the carboxyl-terminal amino acid residue (subunit) is bonded through a selectively severable covalent bond to the polymerized, reactive vinyl benzyl moiety of the resin.
  • Benzyl ester bonds between the polystyrene-based particle and subunit are stable in the presence of relatively mild acids, but severed when treated with strong acids such as hydrofluoric acid or a mixture of acetic and hydrobromic acids.
  • Polypeptide syntheses are. typically carried out using mild acid-sensitive protecting groups on the alpha amino groups such as N - tert - butoxycarbonyl (BOC), while using other, strong acid-sensitive protecting groups on reactive side chains.
  • a newly developed disulfide-containing linking group that may be bonded to a benzylamine of a before-described resin particle may be utilized to alleviate some of the difficulties encountered in using HF to sever the polypeptide reaction product and to remove side chain protecting groups.
  • a precursor to that linking group is represented by the formula: wherein BOC is tett - butoxycarbonyl, and x is a numeral having the value of zero or one, such that when x is zero, the parenthesized CH 2 group is absent.
  • the carboxyl group of the linking group is bonded to the amino group of a polymerized vinyl benzyl moiety of a reactive resin-containing particle using standard peptide amide bond-forming techniques such as via the anhydride or with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
  • the BOC group is thereafter removed using mild acid as is well known, the resulting ammonium salt is neutralized to provide a free primary amine and the resulting free primary amine-containing particles are rinsed to remove any excess base-containing reagent used in the neutralization step.
  • the first amino acid subunit is thereafter coupled through its carboxylic acid group to the free primary amine to form a particle-linked subunit.
  • the amino acid residue is linked to the resin through an amide bond between the carboxyl group of the amino acid and the amino group of the disulfide-containing linking group that is itself bonded by an amide bond to the polymerized vinyl benzyl moiety of the resin.
  • the resulting linking group written in the direction from left to right and from the amino acid residue toward the benzyl moiety, is represented by the formula: where x is as before-described.
  • linking group with any amino acid that may be designated "Z" coupled through its carboxyl group and with the particle bonded through its polymerized vinyl benzyl moiety may be written as described above:
  • a particular benefit of using the above-described linking group is that its amide and disulfide bonds are stable to contact with HF and other strong acids used to selectively remove amino acid side chains. Consequently, such acids may be used to remove the side chains of the polypeptide reaction product while that reaction product is still linked to the resin particle. That selective removal permits the removed side chain protecting groups to be rinsed away from the reaction product-linked resin particle and thereby provides easier purification of the polypeptide reaction product.
  • the polypeptide-linked resin particle is thereafter contacted with a disulfide bond-breaking agent to selectively sever the polypeptide reaction product from the resin particle.
  • the severed polypeptide reaction product may thereafter be recovered in relatively pure form using standard procedures such as extraction of the severed reaction product/particle mixture formed with an aqueous composition containing 5% acetic acid.
  • the extracted composition may thereafter be lyophilized to provide the reaction product.
  • the reaction product may also be further purified as is known prior to its ultimate recovery.
  • reagents are well known to be useful for breaking the disulfide bond.
  • exemplary reagents include sodium borohydride, 2 - mercaptoethanol, 2 - mercaptoethylamine, dithiothreitol and dithioerythritol.
  • Mercaptan-containing carboxylic acids having two to three carbon atoms and their alkali metal and ammonium salts are also useful.
  • Those reagents include thioglycolic acid, thiolactic acid and 3 - mercaptopropionic acid.
  • Exemplary salts include sodium thioglycolate, potassium thiolactate, ammonium 3 - mercaptopropionate and (2 - hydroxyethyl)ammonium thioglycolate.
  • the disulfide-containing BOC-protected linking group precursor may be prepared by standard techniques. For example 2 - aminoethyl disulfide may be reacted with two moles of 2 - (tert - butoxycarbonyloxylamino) - 2 - phenylacetonitrile or N - (tert - butoxycarbonyloxy)phthalimide or a similar reagent to form bis - N - BOC - 2 - aminoethyl disulfide. That disulfide may then be reacted with thioglycolic acid or 3 - mercaptopropionic acid to form the precursor shown above.
  • the polyacrylamide-based resin particles are relatively more hydrophilic than are the polystyrene-based resin particles and are usually used with polar aprotic solvents.
  • exemplary solvents include dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N - methylpyrrolidone and the like.
  • a second group of solid supports is based on silica-containing particles such as porous glass beads and silica gel.
  • silica-containing particles such as porous glass beads and silica gel.
  • Parr and Grohmann, Angew. Chem. internal. Ed., 11, 314-315 (1972) reported on the use of the reaction product of trichloro - [3 - (4 - chloromethylphenyl]propylsilane and porous glass beads (sold under the trademark Porasil E by Waters Associates, Framingham, MA) as solid support for polypeptide syntheses.
  • the third general type of useful solid support may be termed composites in that they are constituted by two major ingredients, a resin and another material that is also substantially inert to the organic synthesis reaction conditions employed.
  • a synthesis means of this invention may also be provided as a previously described container that encloses a known amount of particles having a known amount of organic synthesis subunits linked thereto by selectively severable covalent bonds.
  • Each of such subunits that is farthest from (distal to) the particle/subunit link contains a functional group capable of reacting during the organic synthesis but that is protected from so reacting by a selectively removable, covalently linked protecting group.
  • 5' - O - dimethoxytrityl - protected nucleosides linked to particles by 3' - 0 - succinyl linkages are commercially available from Biosearch of San Rafael, CA. Those commercially available particles are available wherein the succinyl linking groups are also bonded to (a) 20-60 micron silica particles by (3 - aminopropyl)diethoxysiloxane groups; (b) supports of polymerized styrene cross-linked with either 1 or 2 percent divinyl benzene that include polymerized vinyl aminobenzyl moieties (also referred to as amino - polystyrene); and (c) 10 percent cross-linked polydimethylacrylamide - based resins that include glycylethylenediamino linkages (also referred to as amino - polydimethylacrylamide).
  • the nucleosides of such particles also typically include appropriate protecting groups for the ring substituents such as N-benzyl and N-
  • Particle-linked, selectively severable subunits that themselves contain protected reactive functional groups are provided in known amounts linked to the particles by the manufacturer.
  • Sigma Chemical Company provides protected, nucleoside-containing particles prepared from a resin similar to the before-described succinylated amino - polystyrene resin that contain 0.1 to 0.2 millimoles of nucleoside per gram of particle.
  • resin particles of polymerized styrene cross-linked with divinyl benzene and including a known amount of polymerized vinyl benzyl moiety that contain linked amino acid residue subunits having protected reactive functionalities such as N - tert - butoxycarbonyl - protected alpha amino (BOC-protected) groups are provided by several suppliers. Exemplary of such suppliers are Applied Biosystems, Inc. of Foster City CA, Vega Biotechnologies, Inc. of Arlington AZ and Chemical Dynamics of Rahway NJ. Each particulate material is supplied with a statement as to the amount of linked amino acid residue present in the particles.
  • the particles of the synthesis means described before in this section each had a plurality of a single organic synthesis subunit linked to it.
  • Those subunits such as a 5' - dimethoxytrityl - protected nucleoside or BOC-protected amino acid residue being the only subunit linked to the particle are also per force, the subunits fathest (distal) from the particle/subunit link.
  • This invention also contemplates individual synthesis means enclosing particles that contain identical sequences of two or more reacted subunits (reaction products) that are linked to the particles by one selectively severable covalent bond per sequence.
  • Such particles thus contain a reacted subunit that is linked to the particle; i.e., that is proximal to the particle, and a subunit that is farthest from the particle; i.e., that is distal to the particle. Since both single subunits linked to the particles and subunit-containing reaction product sequences linked to the particles contain distal subunits, both types of particles are usually referred to hereinafter as subunit-linked particles, and the subunits and reaction product sequences are usually referred to as particle-linked subunits.
  • the synthesis means of the present invention are utilized in methods for the solid phase preparation of reaction products that contain a sequence of reacted subunits that are chemically similar such as amino acids or nucleic acids used to prepare polypeptides and oligo- or polynucleotides, respectively.
  • Those preparations may utilize the naturally occurring subunits such as the twenty L-alpha amino acids and five sugar-linked bases usually found in RNA and DNA sequences.
  • the methods of this invention are not limited to the use of naturally occurring subunits.
  • appropriately protected D-alpha amino acids, achiral amino acids such as beta alanine or 4 - aminobutyric acid and synthetic nucleic acid derivatives such as 5 - fluorouridine may be used as subunits in syntheses of polypeptides, and oligo- and polynucleic acids, respectively.
  • Those syntheses may begin with a container that encloses reactive particles that contain a reactive functionality or particles having selectively severable, covalently linked subunits that include a selectively removable protecting group covalently linked to a subunit reactive functional group.
  • the synthesis means may be used individually for each synthesis, or an admixture of a plurality of such means may be utilized.
  • a synthesis means as described hereinbefore includes a container that encloses reactive particles that contain a reactive functionality. It is to be understood that each particle typically contains a plurality of reactive functionalities.
  • First subunits such as an amino acid or nucleoside derivative are reacted with the reactive functionalities to form a selectively severable covalent bond between the first subunits and the particles to thereby form a synthesis means that contains particle-linked subunits.
  • the first subunits include a first functional group that reacts with the reactive functionality of the particles and a second reactive functional group that is protected from reaction by a selectively removable, covalently bonded protecting group such as BOC or dimethoxytrityl.
  • Other reactive groups that may be present on the subunit such as the reactive amino acid side chains, amino or hydroxyl groups of nucleic acid bases and sugars are also covalently bonded to selectively removable protecting groups that are not removed by the reactions of the sequential syntheses.
  • the protecting groups of the second-named reactive functional groups are removed as by contact with a mild acid solution to form a synthesis means containing particle-linked subunits having free reactive functional groups.
  • the free reactive functional groups are amines.
  • the reactive functional groups are 5' - hydroxyl groups.
  • the synthesis means containing its particle-linked subunits having free reactive functional groups is then admixed with an excess of identical, known other subunits that contain (i) a functional group such as a carboxyl or phosphatyl group that is capable of reacting with the free reactive groups of the particle-linked subunits, and (ii) a second functional group such as an alpha amine or a 5' - hydroxyl that is covalently linked to a selectively removable protecting group such as a BOC or trityl group.
  • a functional group such as a carboxyl or phosphatyl group that is capable of reacting with the free reactive groups of the particle-linked subunits
  • a second functional group such as an alpha amine or a 5' - hydroxyl that is covalently linked to a selectively removable protecting group such as a BOC or trityl group.
  • the excess of subunit admixed may vary from about 0.1 mole to twenty or more moles. More typically, an excess of about 3 to about 10 moles over the amount of free reactive functional group is utilized.
  • the particle-linked free reactive groups and the admixed functional groups are reacted to form covalent bonds (coupled) such as peptide and phosphate bonds, and thereby form particle-linked subunit reaction products.
  • covalent bonds such as peptide and phosphate bonds
  • Those reaction products contain a selectively removable protecting group on the subunits distal from the particle/subunit linkages.
  • the bond-forming reaction between the particle-linked free reactive functionality and the admixed subunit reactive functional group proceeds by means of an activated bond, typically on the admixed subunit.
  • that activated bond is in an amino acid anhydride that is admixed with the synthesis means.
  • Other subunits containing activated, reactive functional groups include p - nitrophenyl and N - hydroxysuccinimido esters of amino acids. Bond activation may also occur in situ through the use of a carbodiimide such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and the like as are well known.
  • Unreacted subunits are separated from the particle-linked reaction products. Such separations are well known solid/liquid phase separations. The separation is typically followed by one or more rinses.
  • the protecting groups of the subunits distal from the particle/subunit linkage are selectively removed to form further particle-linked reaction products containing free reactive functional groups.
  • the distal protecting groups are the same as those present on the first subunit, the same removal steps are employed, including the before-discussed neutralization and rinse steps for polypeptide syntheses.
  • steps analogous to the above steps of admixing identical, known reactive subunits, coupling those subunits to the particle-linked subunits, separating excess, uncoupled subunits and deprotecting the distal protecting groups are repeated serially until particle-linked reaction products containing the desired number and identity (sequence) of reacted subunits are synthesized.
  • the selectively severable bond between the first-named subunits and the particles is severed to form free reaction products and reacted particles.
  • a strong acid such as anhydrous hydrofluoric acid (HF) that is condensed from the gas phase into a reaction vessel containing the synthesis means.
  • HF hydrofluoric acid
  • side chain protecting groups are also removed at this step where HF is used.
  • the severed, free reaction product sequences are separated from the reacted particles. This step is typically carried out by extraction using an aqueous composition that contains about 5 to about 50 percent acetic acid.
  • Recovery techniques are well known in the art and include drying of the extract as by freeze drying, passage over desalting columns followed by drying, and the like.
  • the invention further contemplates use of a plurality of synthesis means each of which encloses a known amount of particles that have a known amount of organic synthesis subunits present as single subunits or as a sequence of reacted subunits (subunit reaction products), with the distal subunit of each particle containing a reactive functional group capable of reacting during the organic synthesis but that is protected from so reacting by a removable, covalently linked protecting group.
  • Each of the plurality of synthesis means may enclose subunits or reaction products that are the same, or that are different. However, the subunits or reaction products within each of the synthesis means are the same.
  • an admixture contains a plurality of the before-described synthesis means that enclose subunit-linked particles in which each subunit that is distal from the particle/subunit link contains a reactive functional group. capable of reacting during the organic synthesis; but that is protected from so reacting by a selectively removable, covalently linked protecting group.
  • the particles have identical subunits or subunit reaction products linked to them, while in other embodiments, the subunits or reaction product sequences differ so that the chemical identity of the linked subunits differ.
  • the protecting group bonded to the distal reactive group is selectively removed to form an admixture containing a plurality of synthesis means that encloses particle-linked subunits having free reactive groups.
  • the alpha amino BOC or 5' - 0 - dimethoxytrityl groups are removed from all of the particle-linked subunits of the admixture.
  • BOC amino-protecting groups that removal is accomplished by contacting all of the enclosed, protected particle-linked subunits with a liquid composition that contains a relatively mild acid, e.g., an acid that will not cleave the subunit/particle links, followed by separating the solid and liquid phases, a neutralization step with a liquid, base-containing composition to provide the alpha amine in free base form, a further solid/liquid phase separation step, one or more rinses to remove the base, and separating of the solid and liquid phases after each rinse.
  • a relatively mild acid e.g., an acid that will not cleave the subunit/particle links
  • the free reactive group-containing admixture so formed is admixed with an excess of identical subunits to form a new admixture.
  • Each of those subunits contains (i) a second reactive functional group capable of reacting with the free reactive group of the particle-linked subunits, and (ii) reactive groups identical to the first-named, free reactive functional groups, formed above, that are protected from reacting by selecting removable protecting groups.
  • those last-named selectively removable protecting groups are the same as the first-named protecting groups; i.e., BOC and 5' - 0 - dimethoxytrityl.
  • Covalent bonds are formed between the free reactive groups of the particle-linked subunits and the second reactive groups of the admixed subunits to couple the admixed subunit to the particle and form an admixture of a plurality of synthesis means that enclose particle-linked subunit reaction products whose distal subunits (last-bonded subunits) contain selectively removable, protected reactive functional groups.
  • the admixed, identical subunits are BOC-protected alpha amino acid anhydrides.
  • similar BOC-protected or otherwise protected alpha amino acids in acid form may be admixed and the covalent bonds formed as described before.
  • DCC is well known to be useful for forming covalent bonds between the 5' - hydroxyl group of particle-linked nucleosides and nucleotides with the 3' - phosphate groups of 5' - O - protected nucleic acid subunits.
  • Use of activated phosphate esters analogous to the activated carboxylate esters are also well known in the art.
  • the admixed, unreacted subunits are separated from the particle-linked reaction products of the admixture of synthesis means, as discussed before.
  • the synthesis means of the admixture are separated from each other, and the linked reaction products recovered as already described. That separation may occur after only one subunit has been added to the reaction product sequence, or one or more identical further subunits may be added to each reaction product prior to that separation.
  • the synthesis in which with the leucine residue (108 from the amino-terminus) was changed to each of the other 19 amino acid residues may be used as exemplary of the total synthesis performed and of the general method.
  • twenty synthesis means made of material inert to the reactants and solvents used in solid phase peptide synthesis e.g., polypropylene, polyethylene, etc.
  • each enclosing a given quantity of a particle-linked, alpha amine-protected amino acid residue e.g., 50 mg of BOC-Ser-resin
  • the particles used were resin beads fabricated of polymerized styrene cross-linked with divinyl benzene and containing polymerized vinyl benzyl moieties.
  • the synthesis means were placed in one reaction vessel, and all the steps of the various syntheses were carried out identically except for the coupling steps used to add the amino acid residues at the variation point of interest; i.e., 108-Leu.
  • the 20 different synthesis means were separated from each other and removed from the reaction vessel following selective removal of the protecting group of the distal residue [the BOC of the particle linked arginine (R) of the BOC-RS sequence].
  • the individual synthesis means were then placed into different containers separately holding each of the twenty activated amino acids of interest (BOC amino acid anhydrides).
  • the reactive carboxyl group of each of those amino acids was then bonded to the free amino groups on each of the particle-linked dipeptide reaction products to form tripeptide-linked reaction products having a distal protected reactive group (BOC-alpha amine).
  • BOC-alpha amine distal protected reactive group
  • deprotection and freeing of the protected arginine alpha amino group prior to the coupling step need not be carried out prior to the separation and removal of the individual synthesis means. Those steps may be carried out in each of the reaction vessels used to add the differing amino acid residues.
  • the synthesis means were returned to a single reaction vessel, and the synthesis was continued until its completion for the entire 13-subunit sequence.
  • the polypeptides were then separately severed from the resin using standard procedures, and were purified, characterized, and used in enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays.
  • this method may also be similarly used if a variety of totally different peptide sequences are desired, and that it is not limited to polypeptide antigens.
  • glycines could be added to each of the ten sequences using only one set of deprotection, neutralization, and coupling steps, rather than ten sets of such steps.
  • one or more of the synthesis means may be removed and another, particular amino acid residue added to those reaction product sequences that required the particular amino acid residue to be bonded to an amino group of glycine, and so on.
  • the methods of this invention may also be carried out on a still larger scale in which hundreds of synthesis means are utilized per synthesis.
  • hundreds of synthesis means e.g., about 25 to one hundred or more, are utilized at one time, it is frequently convenient to group together synthesis means containing related reaction products.
  • a device for making such groups is shown in Figure 5.
  • the device of Figure 5 is generally designated by the numeral 50 and is a foraminous container or envelope that includes a resealable closure means 52.
  • the envelope 50 is preferably of a generally rectangular shape and is comprised of first 60 and second 62 opposing webs, at least one of which is foraminous.
  • the webs 60 and 62 are partially secured together at their peripheries such as by heat sealing at 64, with each web further secured to resealable closure means 52 whereby the closure means defines a mouth of the envelope 50 which communicates with the interior thereof.
  • the resealable closure means is comprised of a male element 54 and a female e!ement 56 that matingly engage and cooperate to close the envelope when those elements are pressed together in a face-to-face relation.
  • the male and female elements 54 and 56 are preferably in a generally parallel, superimposed relation.
  • the first web 60 is operably connected to the male element 54 adjacent the mouth 66 of the envelope 50.
  • the second web 62 is operably connected to the female element 56 adjacent to the envelope mouth.
  • the webs 60 and 62 and closure means 52 are preferably fabricated from polymers of propylene, ethylene or mixtures thereof. The webs are preferably connected to the respective elements 54 and 56 of the closure means by heat sealing.
  • Exemplary closure means are illustrated in U.S. Patent No. 4,354,541 whose appropriate disclosures are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the so-called hook and loop fastening means of U.S. Patent No. 3,009,235, whose disclosures are also incorporated herein by reference, are also useful in which use the hook portions correspond to the male element 54 while the loop portions correspond to the female element 56 of the closure means.
  • the male and female matingly engagable closure means of plastic bags sold under the trademark Zip Lock by Dow Chemical are also useful herein.
  • the envelope and its closure means are made of materials that are substantially chemically inert to the reaction conditions utilized in the sequential organic synthesis. Again, materials made from polymerized ethylene, propylene and their mixtures are preferred. A surface capable of bearing identifying indicia such as at 68 is also preferably included.
  • the foraminae 58 defined by webs 60 and 62 of the envelope 50 are at least equal in size to the size of the foraminae 16 defined by each of the plurality of individual synthesis means 10 positionable with envelope 50, and are preferably larger, but not so large that the individual synthesis means 10 may pass through them.
  • the foraminae 58 are sized large enough to allow drainage of fluids such as solvents used in the synthetic reactions within a period of 5 minutes at the synthesis temperature, while retaining the individual synthesis means 10 within the envelope; i.e., the foraminae are small enough to prevent the passage of a synthesis means therethrough.
  • a number of generally rectangular envelopes have been prepared using woven polypropylene cloth having generally square mesh interstices of about 0.5 millimeters per edge as the webs 60 and 62 of the envelope.
  • the closure means 52 from a Zip Lock bag was cut from the remainder of that bag.
  • the male element portion 54 of the closure means was heat sealed to first envelope web 60, with the female element portion 56 of the closure means being heat sealed to the second web 62.
  • the two webs 60 and 62 were then secured by heat sealing along their peripheries at 64 to provide a substantially continuous closure means around three edges of the envelope..
  • an admixture of synthesis means 10 is provided. Of that admixture of synthesis means 10, some or all of the synthesis means 10 may be placed into one or more foraminous envelopes 50. One or more of the synthesis means 10 of the admixture may also be provided for simultaneous synthesis, but not positioned in the foraminous envelope 50. Thus, a portion of the admixture of synthesis means 10 may be positioned within the foraminous envelope 50. This is shown in Figure 5 wherein the envelope contains four synthesis means. The envelope is then sealed as by pressing the male 54 and female 56 elements into mating engagement.
  • a new admixture may be formed that contains at least one envelope containing a plurality of synthesis means and additional synthesis means.
  • the additional synthesis means may be free, or all or a portion of them may be enclosed in one or more additional envelopes.
  • the new admixture is admixed with identical subunits to be coupled to the particles of the synthesis means, including particle-linked reaction product, and that subunit is coupled as previously described.
  • the envelope is unsealed, the desired synthesis means is separated from the others in the envelope, and is removed from the envelope. The subunits of removed synthesis means are then reacted as desired, and the synthesis means may be placed back into the envelope. The envelope is resealed, and one or more further subunit additions or other reactions are carried out.
  • the 160 related sequences discussed before may be prepared in 13 envelopes containing twenty synthesis means per envelope.
  • 11 envelopes contain synthesis means whose reaction products have the sequence BOC-RS-particle, one envelope contains the reaction sequence BOC-ZS-particle, and another BOC-RZ- particle; where Z is one of the twenty naturally occurring amino acid residues.
  • One of the eleven envelopes with the BOC-RS-particle reaction product sequence is then separated from the other twelve envelopes. It is opened, its synthesis means are separated and removed, and each is separately reacted with each of the twenty natural amino acids to form the sequence BOC-ZRS-particle, where Z is as above.
  • the other twelve envelopes are reacted together in a single vessel to add the desired 108-Leu residue. Thereafter ten of those reaction product sequences have the sequence of BOC-LRS-particle, one subunit reaction product has the sequence BOC-LZD-particle, while the last envelope contains subunit sequence reaction products having the sequence BOC-LRZ-particle, where Z is as before-defined.
  • One of the ten envelopes with the sequence BOC-LRS-particle is thereafter withdrawn from the vessel. It is opened, its synthesis means are separated and removed, and are reacted separately to couple each of the twenty amino acids to its sequence.
  • the individual synthesis means whose sequences are BOC-ZRS-particle are returned to their envelope, and that envelope and the remaining eleven envelopes are placed into a single reaction vessel.
  • the next subunit amino acid residue of the sequence, serine (S) is coupled to the subunit reaction product sequences within all of those eleven envelopes.
  • related or unrelated sequences may be prepared by providing twenty envelopes, one for each of the usual twenty amino acids.
  • a plurality of the before-described synthesis means, each bearing an identifying indicia is placed into the one of twenty envelopes designated to be used where one of the twenty amino acid residues is to be added to synthesis means particles.
  • the desired subunit is then added to the particles of each synthesis means following the previously described methods. After that addition, and preferably prior to the deprotection step, the synthesis means are removed from the envelope and sorted as to the identity of the next subunit to be added.
  • next subunits are grouped together and placed into one or more appropriate envelopes.
  • the next subunits are then added to all of the particles of the synthesis means of a given envelope following deprotection and the other usual steps that may be suitable for the type of sequence, e.g., polypeptide or polynucleotide, that is being prepared.
  • indicia on the synthesis means and envelopes may be readable by a human, as where numerical or letter indicia are utilized.
  • machine-readable codes such as a code of lines, a binary code of zeros and ones as read by a digital computer, a code based upon cut out shapes as shown at 38 in Figure 3, and the like may be utilized.
  • SMPS simultaneous multiple peptide synthesis
  • a replacement series of 248 polypeptides and 13 controls for the 13 amino acid sequence corresponding to residues 98-110 of the hemagglutinin molecule, HA1, were prepared, as were 13 omission analogs missing a single amino acid at each position in the polypeptide, and a replacement series in which each naturally occurring L amino acid was replaced by its D-isomer.
  • Figures 1-4 illustrate the type of synthesis means used in their preparation.
  • the final wash step prior to commencement of the synthesis effectively removed the small amount of fine resin particles. It was found that removal of resin fines could also be accomplished by using the synthesis means to contain the chloromethyl resin during the cesium salt procedure that was utilized to couple the first BOC-protected amino acid residue. Gisin, Helv. Chem., Acta, 56, 1476-1482 (1973).
  • Figure 6 An indication of the extent of binding of the various analogs relative to the control polypeptides with antibodies produced by a single monoclonal cell line are represented in Figure 6.
  • Figure 7 shows decreases in binding relative to the control polypeptide. As is seen from Figure 6, there was no significant difference in the binding relative to the control sequence corresponding to residues 98-110 of HA1 for any amino acid variation at positions 98(Y), 99(P), 100(Y), 102(V), 103(P), 105(Y), 107(S), 108(L), 109(R), or 110(S).
  • a method of this invention using small, solvent permeable synthesis means that contain the individual polypeptide resin particles, effectively isolated the individual, different polypeptide-linked particles from each other during synthesis. That isolation and prevention of intermingling of amino acid residue subunit-linked particles by enclosure of particles containing amino acid residues of different identities in containers of separate synthesis means permitted simultaneous synthesis of all of the nineteen non-redundant, related single replacement polypeptide sequences, except for the nineteen steps at which the single replacement residues were polypeptide-bonded to the sequences.
  • Polypropylene mesh (0.74 micron interstices, Spectrum Medical Industries, Inc.) containers were prepared, having approximate dimensions of 20 millimeters (mm)x25 mm, using a 4 mm track width heat sealer (TEW Electric Heating Equipment Co., Inc.). After sealing two parallel sides together, the bottom of the packet was sealed along a line drawn by a colored marking pen (Sanford black, red, and blue sold under the trademark "Sharpies”) used to color code a series of containers.
  • a colored marking pen Sanford black, red, and blue sold under the trademark "Sharpies
  • BOC-amino acid resin was prepared following usual procedures as described before, and utilized a commercially available chloromethyl styrene resin having a known amount of chloromethyl groups (reactive benzyl moieties), BOC-protected amino acids and cesium chloride. When a larger amount of peptide was desired containers with larger dimensions were easily made.
  • the synthesis means so prepared were used directly for multiple analog peptide syntheses (MAPS); i.e., syntheses in which many analogs of a particular peptide are produced simultaneously.
  • the synthesis means are also useful for simultaneous multiple peptide synthesis (SMPS); i.e., syntheses in which many different peptides are produced simultaneously.
  • SMPS simultaneous multiple peptide synthesis
  • the previously described envelopes are particularly useful for both SMPS and MAPS.
  • a Vega model 250c Using a Vega model 250c, a Biosearch SAM-II peptide synthesizer, or completely manual methods forty to eighty individual synthesis means containing desired, starting polypeptide-linked resins were carried through their common BOC removal, wash, and neutralization steps. As many as 100 peptides can be synthesized simultaneously per machine using a SAM-II synthesizer.
  • the synthesis means containing neutralized, free alpha amine reactive group peptide-linked particles were removed from the reaction vessel and added solutions of their point variant protected amino acid present as symmetrical anhydrides [Wieland et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 10, 336-339 (1971)].
  • the coupling steps were carried out for a period of 60 minutes with stirring at room temperature.
  • the particle-linked reaction product-containing synthesis means were returned to the reaction vessel, and the synthesis was continued through additional cycles of common rinse, deprotection, neutralization, and coupling steps until the syntheses were completed.
  • the particle-enclosing containers were washed thoroughly, dried, and weighed to give an initial indication the extent of coupling completion.
  • the resulting protected peptide reaction products were then severed from the particles using conventional hydrogen fluoride/anisole procedures [Houghten et al., Int. J. Pep. Prot. Res., 16,311-320 (1980)] in a vessel modified to allow cleavage of twenty synthesis means-containing peptide resins at once.
  • the severed peptide reaction products were separated from the resin particles by extraction with 5% acetic acid.
  • the separated polypeptide reaction products were collected either by direct lyophilization, or by desalting by passage through a Sephadex G-10 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals, Piscataway, NJ) followed by lyophilization.
  • the crude peptide reaction products so obtained were characterized by HPLC, and were found to have an average purity of 84% (65%-94%).
  • the HPLC system used consisted of two Beckman 110A pumps controlled by a Beckman 421 controller, a Bio-Rad As-48 automatic sample injector with a 20 microliter loop, an Alltech ODS-3 5 micron particle size 4.6 mm I.D.x25 centimeter column, a Hitachi 100-20 variable wavelength spectrophotometer set at 220 nm and a Shimadzu C-R3A chromatopac integrator/recorder.
  • the mobile phase consisted of a linear gradient of 20% Acetonitrile/80% H 2 0/0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) going to 80% Acetonitrile/20% H 2 0/0.1 % TFA in 20 minutes. The flow rate was 1.0 millileters per minute.
  • amino acid compositions of the individual peptides were determined using an LKB mode 4150 amino acid analyzer following the hydrolysis of the individual peptide reaction products in constant boiling HCL for 24 hours at 110°C. Values from amino acid analyses were all between ⁇ 10% of theory.
  • the fused cells were resuspended in 400 ml of Dulbecco's high-glucose minimal essential medium containing 10% fetal calf serum, 100 micromolar (uM) hypoxanthine, 1.0 uM methotrexate, and 16 uM thymidine, and were plated and grown onto 30 microtiter plates as described by Niman and Elder, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 77,4524-4528 (1980).
  • the hybridoma denominated 20CO 1 was used [Wilson et al., Cell, 37, 767-778 (1984)].
  • ELISAs for determination of the percentage of binding of the analogs relative to the control peptide were carried out with 10 nanomoles of each peptide adsorbed to separate wells of 96 well microtiter plates (Costar 1/2 area EIA plates). Peptides were adsorbed to microtiter plates by admixture and maintenance (incubation) in pH 9.6 carbonate/bicarbonate buffer at room temperature for eight hours. The plates were then washed 10 times with deionized water to remove unbound peptide.
  • Blocking to prevent non-specific adsorption of the anti-sera was accomplished by incubating the plates with 100 microliters (ul)/well of 1% bovine serum albumin in phosphate buffered saline (BSA/PBS) for 1 hour at 37°C.
  • BSA/PBS phosphate buffered saline
  • Monoclonal antibodies were bound to the peptides at a 1:10 dilution of cell-free supernatant in 1% BSA/PBS using a volume of 25 ul/well, and were incubated at 37°C for 1 hour. Following 10 washes with deionized water to remove unbound antibody, horseradish peroxidase-conjugated raibbit antimouse IgG (Zymed Laboratories, Burlingame, CA) was added to each well at a dilution of 1:3000 in 1% BSA/PBS, and was incubated for 1 hour at 37°C. Excess conjugate antibody was removed by washing as before with deionized water.
  • the amount of conjugated antibody bound in each well was quantitated by reaction for twenty minutes with an aliquot from a freshly prepared developing solution of 24 milligrams o - phenylenediamine (Pitman-Moore, Inc., Washington Crossing, NJ) and 1.0 ml 3% hydrogen peroxide in 50 ml deionized water. The resulting color was read at 495 nanometers (nm) by a Titertek Multiscan spectrophotometer (Flow Laboratories, Melbourne, Australia). Representative binding curves were determined by varying the amount of antigen adsorbed to the plate through serial two-fold dilutions down a row of wells of peptide . added to the top well of the plate, and completing the assay as described above.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Moyen pour effectuer une synthèse séquentielle organique en phase solide pour former un produit réactionnel contenant un certain nombre de sous-unités ayant réagi comprenant un récipient perforé renfermant une quantité connue de particules réactives, lesdites particules étant d'une taille qui est plus grande que chacun des orifices définis par ledit récipient et ayant une quantité connue d'une fonctionnalité réactive de synthèse organique liée de manière covalente auxdites particules, ladite fonctionnalité réactive étant capable de réagir pendant ladite synthèse organique, ledit récipient et lesdites particules étant sensiblement insolubles dans l'eau et dans des solvants organiques.
2. Moyen de synthèse selon la revendication 1 où ledit récipient perforé comprend une maille de polypropylène.
3. Moyen de synthèse selon la revendication 1 où ladite fonctionnalité réactive desdites particules est un fragment benzyle qui est une portion d'une résine polymérisée qui constitue sensiblement la totalité de chacune desdites particules, et la résine desdites particules se compose principalement de styrène polymérisé réticulé avec du divinyl benzène et contient une quantité connue d'un fragment de vinyle benzyle polymérisé, ledit fragment de vinyle benzyle polymérisé constituant ledit fragment de benzyle réactif et produisant un groupe fonctionnel par lequel lesdites sous-unités peuvent être liées de manière covalente auxdites particules.
4. Moyen de synthèse selon la revendication 1, comprenant une pluralité desdits récipients perforés, chacun contenant ladite quantité connue desdites particules réactives, ladite pluralité de récipients étant intégralement formés les uns avec les autres.
5. Moyen pour effectuer une synthèse organique en phase solide pour former un produit réactionnel contenant une pluralité de sous-unités ayant réagi comportant un récipient perforé renfermant une quantité connue de particules solides de support, lesdites particules étant d'une taille qui est plus grande que chacun des orifices définis par ledit récipient et étant liées à une quantité connue de sous-unités identiques de synthèse organique par des liaisons covalentes pouvant être sélectivement rompues, chacune desdites sous-unités contenant un groupe fonctionnel capable de réagir pendant ladite synthèse organique mais qui est protégé .d'une telle réaction par un groupe protecteur lié de manière covalente et pouvant être sélectivement enlevé, ledit récipient et lesdites particules étant sensiblement insolubles dans l'eau et les solvants organiques et étant non réactifs avec le fluorure d'hydrogène.
6. Moyen de synthèse selon la revendication 5 où lesdites particules sont des perles de résine hydrophobe composées principalement de styrène polymérisé réticulé avec du divinyl benzène et contiennent une quantité connue d'un fragment de vinyl benzène polymérisé par lequel lesdites sous-unités sont liées de manière covalente auxdites perles, et lesdites sous-unités sont choisies dans le groupe consistant en (i) un résidu d'acide aminé protégé par un groupe alpha amino et (ii) un résidu d'acide aminé protégé par un groupe alpha amino et protégé en chaîne secondaire réactive.
1 7. Méthode pour la mise en oeuvre d'une synthèse organique en phase solide pour former un produit réactionnel contenant un certain nombre de sous-unités souhaitées ayant réagi comprenant les étapes de:
(a) prévoir un moyen de synthèse organique en phase solide de la revendication 1;
(b) faire réagir des premières sous-unités avec lesdites fonctionnalités réactives pour former une liaison covalente pouvant être sélectivement rompue entre lesdites premières sous-unités et lesdites particules et pour former un moyen de synthèse contenant des sous-unités liées aux particules, lesdites premières sous-unités comprenant un premier groupe fonctionnel qui réagit avec ladite fonctionnalité réactive et un second groupe fonctionnel réactif capable de réagir pendant ladite réaction mais qui est protégé d'une réaction par un groupe protecteur lié de manière covalente, pouvant être sélectivement enlevé;
(c) enlever ledit groupe protecteur dudit second groupe fonctionnel réactif pour former un moyen de synthèse contenant des sous-unités liées aux particules ayant des groupes fonctionnels réactifs libres;
(d) mélanger, au moyen de synthèse contenant des sous-unités liées aux particules ayant des groupes fonctionnels réactifs libres, un excès d'autres sous-unités identiques connues qui contiennent (i) un groupe fonctionnel capable de réagir avec les groupes réactifs libres desdites sous-unités tiées aux particules et (ii) en second groupe fonctionnel réactif capable de réagir pendant la synthèse organique mais qui est protégé d'une telle réaction par un groupe protecteur lié de manière covalente qui peut être sélectivement enlevé;
(e) faire réagir lesdites groupes réactifs libres et lesdites groupes fonctionnels mélangés pour former des liaisons covalentes, coupler la sous-unité à la particule et former des produits réactionnels de la sous-unité liée à la particule;
(f) séparer les sous-unités n'ayant pas réagi desdits produits réactionnels liés à la particule;
(g) enlever les groupes protecteurs des sous-unités couplées de l'étape (d) pour former des produits réactionnels liés aux particules contenant des groupes fonctionnels réactifs libres;
(h) ensuite, répéter en série les étapes (d), (e), (f) et (g) jusqu'à ce que les produits réactionnels liés aux particules contenant le nombre et l'identité souhaités des sous-unités ayant réagi soient synthétisés;
(i) rompre ladite liaison pouvant être sélectivement rompue entre làdite première sous-unité et ladite particule pour former un mélange de produits réactionnels libres rompus et de particules ayant réagi;
(j) séparer lesdits produits réactionnels libres rompus desdites particules ayant réagi; et
(k) récupérer lesdits produits réactionnels rompus.
8. Méthode de mise en oeuvre d'une synthèse organique en phase solide pour former un produit réactionnel contenant une pluralité de sous-unités souhaitées ayant réagi comprenant les étapes de:
(a) prévoir un moyen de synthèse organique en phase solide comprenant un récipient perforé où est enfermée une quantité connue de particules de résine ayant une quantité connue de sous-unités de synthèse organique identiques liées de manière covalente et pouvant être sélectivement rompues qui comprennent un groupe protecteur pouvant être sélectivement enlevé lié de manière covalente à un groupe fonctionnel réactif, lesdites particules de résine étant d'une taille qui est plus grande que chacun des orifices définis par ledit récipient, ledit récipient et lesdites particules étant sensiblement insolubles dans l'eau et les solvants organiques et ne réagissant pas avec l'acide fluorhydrique;
(b) enlever sélectivement ledit groupe protecteur pour former un moyen de synthèse contenant des sous-unités liées à la résine ayant un groupe réactif libre;
(c) mélanger un excès de sous-unités identiques qui contiennent (i) un second groupe fonctionnel réactif capable de réagir avec les groupes réactifs libres desdites sous-unités liées à la résine et (ii) un autre groupe fonctionnel réactif qui est capable de réagir pendant ladite synthèse organique mais qui est protégé d'une telle réaction par un groupe protecteur lié de manière covalente, pouvant être sélectivement enlevé;
(d) faire réagir lesdits groupes réactifs libres et lesdits seconds groupes réactif pour former des liaisons . covalentes, coupler ladite sous-unité mélangée à la résine et former des produits réactionnels liés à la résine;
(e) séparer les sous-unités n'ayant pas réagi desdits produits réactionnels liées à la résine;
(f) enlever sélectivement les groupes protecteurs desdites sous-unités couplées de l'étape (c) pour former des produits réactionnels liés à la résine contenant des groupes fonctionnels réactifs libres;
(g) ensuite, répéter en série les étapes (c), (d), (e) et (f) jusqu'à ce que les produits réactionnels liés à la résine contenant le nombre souhaité de sous-unités ayant réagi soient synthétisés;
(h) rompre ladite liaison pouvant être sélectivement rompue entre lesdites premières sous-unités nommées et ladite résine pour former des produits réactionnels libres et particules ayant réagi;
(i) séparer lesdits produits réactionnels libres desdites particules ayant réagi; et
(j) récupérer lesdits produits réactionnels rompus.
9. Méthode pour l'addition simultanée d'une sous-unité à chacune d'une pluralité de sous-unités liées à des particules de résine dans une synthèse organique en phase solide comprenant les étapes de:
(a) prévoir un mélange contenant une pluralité de moyens de synthèse dont chacun comprend un récipient perforé où est enfermée une quantité connue de particules, lesdites particules étant d'une taille qui est plus grande que chacun des orifices définis par ledit récipient et ayant une quantité connue d'une sous-unité de synthèse organique liée de manière covalente auxdites particules par des liaisons pouvant être sélectivement rompues, la sous-unité distale de la liaison particule/sous-unité contenant un groupe fonctionnel réactif capable de réagir pendant ladite synthèse organique mais qui est protégé d'une telle réaction par un groupe protecteur lié de manière covalente, pouvant être sélectivement enlevé, ledit récipient et lesdites particules étant sensiblement insolubles dans l'eau et les solvants organiques;
(b) enlever sélectivement ledit groupe protecteur desdites sous-unités liées à la particule dans chacun desdits moyens de synthèse pour former un mélange contenant un certain nombre de moyens de synthèse contenant des sous-unités liées à la particule ayant des groupes réactifs libres;
(c) mélanger audit mélange du moyen de synthèse un excès de sous-unités identiques dont chacune contient (i) un second groupe fonctionnel réactif pouvant réagir avec le groupe réactif libre d'un autre groupe fonctionnel réactif qui est capable de faire réagir lesdites sous-unités liées aux particules et (ii) un autre groupe fonctionnel réactif qui est capable de réagir pendant ladite synthèse organique mais qui est protégé d'une telle réaction par un groupe protecteur lié de manière covalente et pouvant être enlevé sélectivement;
(d) former des liaisons covalentes entre lesdites groupes réactifs libres et lesdits seconds groupes réactifs pour coupler lesdites sous-unités mélangées auxdites particules et former un certain nombre de moyens de synthèse qui contiennent des produits réactionnels liés aux particules dont les sous-unités distales contiennent des groupes fonctionnels réactifs protégés pouvant être sélectivement enlevés;
(e) séparer lesdites sous-unités mélangées, n'ayant pas réagi, desdits produits réactionnels liés aux particules; et
(f) séparer ensuite ladite pluralité de moyens de synthèse les uns des autres.
10. Méthode selon la revendication 9 où lesdites sous-unités liées sont des résidus d'acides aminés liés dans une séquence de produits réactionnels.
11. Méthode selon la revendication 10 où lesdites séquences de produits réactionnels de résidus d'acides aminés correspondent à la séquence d'acides aminés d'une seule matière protéinée à l'exception de l'identité d'un résidu d'acide aminé dans chacune desdites séquences de produits réactionnels de sous-unités.
12. Méthode selon la revendication 9 comprenant de plus la répétition en série des étapes (c), (d), et (e) avant l'étape (f) jusqu'à ce qu'il se forme un mélange de moyens de synthèse où chacun desdites moyens de synthèse contient un produit réactionnel de sous-unités liées à la particule ayant un nombre et l'identité souhaités des sous-unités ayant réagi.
13. Méthode selon la revendication 9 où une portion des moyens de synthèse du mélange de moyens de synthèse de l'étape (a) est enfermée dans une enveloppe perforée pouvant être refermée de manière étanche, ladite enveloppe comprenant des première et seconde bandes face à face dont au moins une est perforée, lesdites bandes étant partiellement fixées ensemble à leur pourtour; ladite première bande étant activement connectée à une portion mâle d'un moyen de fermeture réobturable et ladite seconde bande étant activement connectée à une portion femelle dudit moyen de fermeture, ainsi ledit moyen de fermeture définit une embouchure qui communique avec l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe, lesdites portions mâle et femelle de ladite fermeture étant en engagement correspondant pour refermer de manière étanche ladite enveloppe lorsqu'elles sont pressées ensemble en relation face à face, les orifices de ladite enveloppe étant dimensionnés pour permettre le drainage d'un solvant utilisé dans ladite synthèse en une période de temps d'au moins 5 minutes à la température de synthèse tout en retenant ledit moyen de synthèse dans ladite enveloppe, ladite enveloppe étant sensiblement insoluble dans l'eau et les solvants organiques.
EP86301587A 1985-03-25 1986-03-06 Moyens pour la synthèse séquentielle organique en phase solide et les méthodes de leurs emplois Expired - Lifetime EP0196174B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86301587T ATE49603T1 (de) 1985-03-25 1986-03-06 Mittel fuer sequentielle organische synthese in fester phase und diese verwendende methoden.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US715654 1985-03-25
US06/715,654 US4631211A (en) 1985-03-25 1985-03-25 Means for sequential solid phase organic synthesis and methods using the same

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0196174A2 EP0196174A2 (fr) 1986-10-01
EP0196174A3 EP0196174A3 (en) 1988-07-27
EP0196174B1 true EP0196174B1 (fr) 1990-01-17

Family

ID=24874947

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86301587A Expired - Lifetime EP0196174B1 (fr) 1985-03-25 1986-03-06 Moyens pour la synthèse séquentielle organique en phase solide et les méthodes de leurs emplois

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4631211A (fr)
EP (1) EP0196174B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP2894688B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE49603T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU594327B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1242701A (fr)
DE (1) DE3668321D1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5741462A (en) 1995-04-25 1998-04-21 Irori Remotely programmable matrices with memories
US5751629A (en) 1995-04-25 1998-05-12 Irori Remotely programmable matrices with memories
US6017496A (en) 1995-06-07 2000-01-25 Irori Matrices with memories and uses thereof
US6331273B1 (en) 1995-04-25 2001-12-18 Discovery Partners International Remotely programmable matrices with memories
US6416714B1 (en) 1995-04-25 2002-07-09 Discovery Partners International, Inc. Remotely programmable matrices with memories

Families Citing this family (478)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4701304A (en) * 1985-04-19 1987-10-20 Applied Protein Technologies, Inc. Apparatus for automated synthesis of peptides
US20060008806A1 (en) * 1986-07-17 2006-01-12 University Of Washington Method for producing novel DNA sequence with biological activity
US4794150A (en) * 1987-03-11 1988-12-27 Samuel Steel Synthesis of peptide analogs
SE8701628D0 (sv) * 1987-04-16 1987-04-16 Erling Norrby Medel for analys mm
US5258454A (en) * 1988-09-01 1993-11-02 Riso National Laboratory Peptide synthesis method and solid support for use in the method
US5527681A (en) * 1989-06-07 1996-06-18 Affymax Technologies N.V. Immobilized molecular synthesis of systematically substituted compounds
US6346413B1 (en) 1989-06-07 2002-02-12 Affymetrix, Inc. Polymer arrays
US5744101A (en) 1989-06-07 1998-04-28 Affymax Technologies N.V. Photolabile nucleoside protecting groups
US5800992A (en) 1989-06-07 1998-09-01 Fodor; Stephen P.A. Method of detecting nucleic acids
US6309822B1 (en) 1989-06-07 2001-10-30 Affymetrix, Inc. Method for comparing copy number of nucleic acid sequences
US6406844B1 (en) 1989-06-07 2002-06-18 Affymetrix, Inc. Very large scale immobilized polymer synthesis
US6551784B2 (en) 1989-06-07 2003-04-22 Affymetrix Inc Method of comparing nucleic acid sequences
US6955915B2 (en) 1989-06-07 2005-10-18 Affymetrix, Inc. Apparatus comprising polymers
US5424186A (en) * 1989-06-07 1995-06-13 Affymax Technologies N.V. Very large scale immobilized polymer synthesis
US5143854A (en) 1989-06-07 1992-09-01 Affymax Technologies N.V. Large scale photolithographic solid phase synthesis of polypeptides and receptor binding screening thereof
US6919211B1 (en) 1989-06-07 2005-07-19 Affymetrix, Inc. Polypeptide arrays
US6379895B1 (en) 1989-06-07 2002-04-30 Affymetrix, Inc. Photolithographic and other means for manufacturing arrays
US5547839A (en) 1989-06-07 1996-08-20 Affymax Technologies N.V. Sequencing of surface immobilized polymers utilizing microflourescence detection
WO1991002739A1 (fr) * 1989-08-11 1991-03-07 Yale University Synthese de glycosides ayant une stereochimie predeterminee
US6031074A (en) * 1989-08-25 2000-02-29 National Institutes Of Health Automated Peptide design and synthesis
CZ280777B6 (cs) * 1990-02-02 1996-04-17 Ústav Organické Chemie A Biochemie Avčr Mnohonásobná automatizovaná syntéza peptidů na planárních nosičích
US6506558B1 (en) * 1990-03-07 2003-01-14 Affymetrix Inc. Very large scale immobilized polymer synthesis
US6075121A (en) * 1990-05-15 2000-06-13 Chiron Corporation Modified peptide and peptide libraries with protease resistance, derivatives thereof and methods of producing and screening such
US5252296A (en) * 1990-05-15 1993-10-12 Chiron Corporation Method and apparatus for biopolymer synthesis
IE66205B1 (en) * 1990-06-14 1995-12-13 Paul A Bartlett Polypeptide analogs
US5650489A (en) * 1990-07-02 1997-07-22 The Arizona Board Of Regents Random bio-oligomer library, a method of synthesis thereof, and a method of use thereof
US6197529B1 (en) 1990-11-21 2001-03-06 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Linear substituted oligoalkyleneimine libraries
CA2090860C (fr) * 1990-11-21 2003-09-16 Richard A. Houghten Synthese de melanges equimolaires d'oligomeres, notamment de melanges d'oligopeptides
DK0834575T3 (da) 1990-12-06 2002-04-02 Affymetrix Inc A Delaware Corp Identifikation af nucleinsyrer i prøver
EP0562025B1 (fr) * 1990-12-06 2001-02-07 Affymetrix, Inc. (a Delaware Corporation) Substances et leur utilisation pour un strategie binaire de la synthése
US5175266A (en) * 1991-04-19 1992-12-29 Triplex Pharmaceutical Corporation Nucleosides and oligonucleosides with a phosphate-free internucleoside backbone and process for preparing the same
NZ243090A (en) * 1991-06-18 1993-11-25 Lilly Co Eli Method of identifying active peptides and synthesis of peptide mixtures with a known amino acid in the last coupled position
US5186824A (en) * 1991-09-04 1993-02-16 Large Scale Biology Corporation System for solid phase reactions
ES2097925T3 (es) * 1991-09-18 1997-04-16 Affymax Tech Nv Metodo para sintetizar diversas colecciones de oligomeros.
US5639603A (en) * 1991-09-18 1997-06-17 Affymax Technologies N.V. Synthesizing and screening molecular diversity
US5610274A (en) * 1991-11-20 1997-03-11 Cpg, Inc. Production and use of magnetic porous inorganic materials
US6943034B1 (en) 1991-11-22 2005-09-13 Affymetrix, Inc. Combinatorial strategies for polymer synthesis
US6864101B1 (en) 1991-11-22 2005-03-08 Affymetrix, Inc. Combinatorial strategies for polymer synthesis
US6468740B1 (en) 1992-11-05 2002-10-22 Affymetrix, Inc. Cyclic and substituted immobilized molecular synthesis
US5939524A (en) * 1991-12-09 1999-08-17 The Scripps Research Institute Platelet GPIII P1A1 and P1A2 epitopes, their preparation and use
US5541061A (en) * 1992-04-29 1996-07-30 Affymax Technologies N.V. Methods for screening factorial chemical libraries
US5591646A (en) * 1992-09-02 1997-01-07 Arris Pharmaceutical Method and apparatus for peptide synthesis and screening
US5585275A (en) * 1992-09-02 1996-12-17 Arris Pharmaceutical Corporation Pilot apparatus for peptide synthesis and screening
US6503759B1 (en) 1992-10-01 2003-01-07 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Complex combinatorial chemical libraries encoded with tags
US5565324A (en) * 1992-10-01 1996-10-15 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Complex combinatorial chemical libraries encoded with tags
US5721099A (en) * 1992-10-01 1998-02-24 Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Complex combinatorial chemical libraries encoded with tags
ES2204910T3 (es) * 1992-10-01 2004-05-01 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Bibliotecas quimicas combinatorias complejas codificadas con señales.
US5567391A (en) * 1992-10-08 1996-10-22 Warner-Lambert Company Apparatus for multiple simultaneous synthesis
US5714127A (en) * 1992-10-08 1998-02-03 Warner-Lambert Company System for multiple simultaneous synthesis
US5324483B1 (en) * 1992-10-08 1996-09-24 Warner Lambert Co Apparatus for multiple simultaneous synthesis
US5702672A (en) * 1992-10-08 1997-12-30 Warner-Lambert Company Apparatus and method for multiple simultaneous synthesis
US6380163B1 (en) * 1992-12-22 2002-04-30 Baxter International Inc. Peritoneal dialysis solutions with polypeptides
US6864048B2 (en) * 1993-04-28 2005-03-08 Affymetrix, Inc. Factorial chemical libraries
US5846731A (en) * 1993-06-17 1998-12-08 Torry Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Peralkylated oligopeptide mixtures
US5480971A (en) * 1993-06-17 1996-01-02 Houghten Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Peralkylated oligopeptide mixtures
US5440016A (en) * 1993-06-18 1995-08-08 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Peptides of the formula (KFmoc) ZZZ and their uses
US6087186A (en) 1993-07-16 2000-07-11 Irori Methods and apparatus for synthesizing labeled combinatorial chemistry libraries
CN1154640C (zh) * 1993-10-01 2004-06-23 纽约市哥伦比亚大学理事 用标示物编码的多元组合化学库
US5922545A (en) * 1993-10-29 1999-07-13 Affymax Technologies N.V. In vitro peptide and antibody display libraries
US5503805A (en) * 1993-11-02 1996-04-02 Affymax Technologies N.V. Apparatus and method for parallel coupling reactions
US6165778A (en) * 1993-11-02 2000-12-26 Affymax Technologies N.V. Reaction vessel agitation apparatus
US6287787B1 (en) 1993-11-24 2001-09-11 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Dimeric oligopeptide mixture sets
US7034110B2 (en) 1994-01-05 2006-04-25 Arqule, Inc. Method of identifying chemical compounds having selected properties for a particular application
US5593853A (en) * 1994-02-09 1997-01-14 Martek Corporation Generation and screening of synthetic drug libraries
US6936477B2 (en) * 1994-04-13 2005-08-30 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Complex combinatorial chemical libraries encoded with tags
US5846841A (en) * 1994-05-20 1998-12-08 Selectide Corporation Motif Libraries
US7625697B2 (en) * 1994-06-17 2009-12-01 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Methods for constructing subarrays and subarrays made thereby
US7323298B1 (en) 1994-06-17 2008-01-29 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Microarray for determining the relative abundances of polynuceotide sequences
US7378236B1 (en) 1994-06-17 2008-05-27 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Method for analyzing gene expression patterns
US6471956B1 (en) 1994-08-17 2002-10-29 The Rockefeller University Ob polypeptides, modified forms and compositions thereto
US6001968A (en) 1994-08-17 1999-12-14 The Rockefeller University OB polypeptides, modified forms and compositions
US6309853B1 (en) 1994-08-17 2001-10-30 The Rockfeller University Modulators of body weight, corresponding nucleic acids and proteins, and diagnostic and therapeutic uses thereof
US6048837A (en) * 1994-08-17 2000-04-11 The Rockefeller University OB polypeptides as modulators of body weight
US6124439A (en) * 1994-08-17 2000-09-26 The Rockefeller University OB polypeptide antibodies and method of making
US6124448A (en) * 1994-08-17 2000-09-26 The Rockfeller University Nucleic acid primers and probes for the mammalian OB gene
US6350730B1 (en) 1994-08-17 2002-02-26 The Rockefeller University OB polypeptides and modified forms as modulators of body weight
US5582997A (en) * 1994-08-24 1996-12-10 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Lysine/leucine polypeptides, mixture sets and libraries thereof
US5645996A (en) * 1994-08-24 1997-07-08 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Melittin-related polypeptides, mixture sets and libraries thereof
US7597886B2 (en) * 1994-11-07 2009-10-06 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Tumor necrosis factor-gamma
US7820798B2 (en) * 1994-11-07 2010-10-26 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Tumor necrosis factor-gamma
US5712171A (en) * 1995-01-20 1998-01-27 Arqule, Inc. Method of generating a plurality of chemical compounds in a spatially arranged array
US6352854B1 (en) 1995-04-25 2002-03-05 Discovery Partners International, Inc. Remotely programmable matrices with memories
US6319668B1 (en) 1995-04-25 2001-11-20 Discovery Partners International Method for tagging and screening molecules
US5925562A (en) * 1995-04-25 1999-07-20 Irori Remotely programmable matrices with memories
US5874214A (en) * 1995-04-25 1999-02-23 Irori Remotely programmable matrices with memories
US6284459B1 (en) 1995-04-25 2001-09-04 Discovery Partners International Solid support matrices with memories and combinatorial libraries therefrom
US6025129A (en) * 1995-04-25 2000-02-15 Irori Remotely programmable matrices with memories and uses thereof
US6329139B1 (en) 1995-04-25 2001-12-11 Discovery Partners International Automated sorting system for matrices with memory
US6340588B1 (en) 1995-04-25 2002-01-22 Discovery Partners International, Inc. Matrices with memories
US5961923A (en) * 1995-04-25 1999-10-05 Irori Matrices with memories and uses thereof
AU707444B2 (en) * 1995-04-25 1999-07-08 Irori Remotely programmable matrices with memories and uses thereof
US6100026A (en) * 1995-04-25 2000-08-08 Irori Matrices with memories and uses thereof
US5747453A (en) * 1995-06-06 1998-05-05 Alza Corporation Method for increasing the electrotransport flux of polypeptides
IT1285405B1 (it) 1995-06-06 1998-06-03 Alza Corp Modificazione di farmaci polipeptidici per accrescere il flusso per elettrotrasporto.
US7235394B1 (en) 1995-08-29 2007-06-26 Washington University Functional DNA clone for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and uses thereof
US6127116A (en) * 1995-08-29 2000-10-03 Washington University Functional DNA clone for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and uses thereof
GB9521943D0 (en) * 1995-10-26 1996-01-03 Univ Hertfordshire Coded particles for process sequence tracking in combinatorial compound library preparation
US7888466B2 (en) 1996-01-11 2011-02-15 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Human G-protein chemokine receptor HSATU68
GB9603945D0 (en) * 1996-02-24 1996-04-24 Univ Dundee A microreactor
US6528324B1 (en) * 1996-03-22 2003-03-04 Ontogen Corporation Apparatus for pre-determined mass sorting of positional-encoded solid phase synthesis supports
US6777217B1 (en) 1996-03-26 2004-08-17 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Histone deacetylases, and uses related thereto
US6333189B1 (en) 1996-06-06 2001-12-25 Alza Corporation Method of making an electrotransport device
US5922608A (en) * 1996-07-31 1999-07-13 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Macromolecule sequencing packet and method of use
ATE412740T1 (de) 1996-08-16 2008-11-15 Human Genome Sciences Inc Menschliches alpha-endokin
DE69637856D1 (en) 1996-08-30 2009-04-16 Human Genome Sciences Inc Interleukin-19.
US6183988B1 (en) 1996-10-02 2001-02-06 The General Hospital Corporation Leukocyte-specific protein and gene, and methods of use thereof
US5798035A (en) * 1996-10-03 1998-08-25 Pharmacopeia, Inc. High throughput solid phase chemical synthesis utilizing thin cylindrical reaction vessels useable for biological assay
JP2001503263A (ja) 1996-10-25 2001-03-13 ヒューマン ジノーム サイエンシーズ，インコーポレイテッド ニュートロカインα
US6413724B1 (en) 1996-10-28 2002-07-02 Versicor, Inc. Solid phase and combinatorial library syntheses of fused 2,4-pyrimidinediones
US6025371A (en) * 1996-10-28 2000-02-15 Versicor, Inc. Solid phase and combinatorial library syntheses of fused 2,4-pyrimidinediones
US6420135B1 (en) 1996-10-31 2002-07-16 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Streptococcus pneumoniae polynucleotides and sequences
DE69837806T3 (de) 1997-01-28 2012-01-05 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. "death-domain"-enthaltender rezeptor 4 (dr4), ein mitglied der tnf-rezeptor superfamilie, welcher an trail (apo-2l) bindet
US6262269B1 (en) 1997-02-04 2001-07-17 Trega Biosciences, Inc. 4-Substituted-quinoline derivatives and 4-substituted-quinoline combinatorial libraries
US5969102A (en) 1997-03-03 1999-10-19 St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Lymphocyte surface receptor that binds CAML, nucleic acids encoding the same and methods of use thereof
US7338759B1 (en) 1997-03-04 2008-03-04 Washington University HCV variants
US5925618A (en) * 1997-03-06 1999-07-20 American Cyanamid Company Peptides useful as somatostatin antagonists
US6045755A (en) * 1997-03-10 2000-04-04 Trega Biosciences,, Inc. Apparatus and method for combinatorial chemistry synthesis
JP2002512521A (ja) 1997-05-30 2002-04-23 ヒューマン ジノーム サイエンシーズ，インコーポレイテッド ３２個のヒト分泌タンパク質
AU7830398A (en) 1997-06-11 1998-12-30 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Human tumor necrosis factor receptor tr9
AU8376998A (en) * 1997-07-24 1999-02-16 Argonaut Technologies, Inc. Compositions for the storage and delivery of solid phase reactive particles and methods of using the same
GB9722131D0 (en) * 1997-10-20 1997-12-17 Medical Res Council Method
CN1174993C (zh) 1997-11-03 2004-11-10 人体基因组科学有限公司 Vegi,一种血管发生和肿瘤生长的抑制剂
US6395514B1 (en) * 1997-11-21 2002-05-28 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Polynucleotides encoding chemokineα-5
WO1999037630A1 (fr) 1998-01-23 1999-07-29 Versicor, Inc. Banques combinatoires d'oxazolidinones, compositions a base de tels composes et procedes de preparation
CA2323776C (fr) 1998-03-19 2010-04-27 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Analogue de chaine gamma commune de recepteur de cytokine
US6537504B1 (en) 1998-04-06 2003-03-25 Li Young Method and apparatus for concurrent and sequential multi-step reactions for producing a plurality of different chemical compounds
GB9808783D0 (en) * 1998-04-25 1998-06-24 Central Research Lab Ltd Labelling of small articles
EP1073667A2 (fr) 1998-04-28 2001-02-07 Galenica Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Conjugues d'antigene et de polysaccharide
US6872535B2 (en) * 1998-05-20 2005-03-29 Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc. Three-dimensional array of supports for solid-phase parallel synthesis and method of use
US20070178475A1 (en) * 1998-09-17 2007-08-02 Nehls Michael C Novel human polynucleotides and polypeptides encoded thereby
AU6394399A (en) * 1998-09-18 2000-04-10 Rockefeller University, The Lynx, a novel family of receptor ligands in the central nervous system, corresponding nucleic acids and proteins and uses thereof
US6545264B1 (en) 1998-10-30 2003-04-08 Affymetrix, Inc. Systems and methods for high performance scanning
US6773911B1 (en) * 1998-11-23 2004-08-10 Amgen Canada Inc. Apoptosis-inducing factor
US6570003B1 (en) * 2001-01-09 2003-05-27 Lexion Genetics Incorporated Human 7TM proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
US20010034438A1 (en) * 2000-01-12 2001-10-25 Walke D. Wade Novel human membrane protein and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6451969B1 (en) 1999-01-15 2002-09-17 The Burnham Institute Methods for inhibiting tumor metastasis, and peptides useful therfor
US6315957B1 (en) 1999-01-15 2001-11-13 Pharmacopeia, Inc. Article comprising a filter pocket-plate
DE60019723T2 (de) 1999-01-22 2006-01-19 Pharmacore, Inc. Eine methode zur herstellung von verbindungen der formel 1 und derivaten
EP1161451A4 (fr) 1999-02-26 2006-05-17 Human Genome Sciences Inc Endokine alpha humain et methodes d'utilisation
NZ525134A (en) 1999-03-02 2004-09-24 Invitrogen Corp Compositions and methods for use in recombinational cloning of nucleic acids
US6169044B1 (en) * 1999-04-28 2001-01-02 International Paper Company Container for the selective scavenging of citrus juice components
US20020110809A1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2002-08-15 Nehls Michael C. Novel human polynucleotides and polypeptides encoded thereby
US20020095031A1 (en) * 1999-05-04 2002-07-18 Nehls Michael C. Novel human polynucleotides and polypeptides encoded thereby
AU4698600A (en) 1999-05-05 2000-11-17 Ut-Battelle, Llc Method and apparatus for combinatorial chemistry
GB9919558D0 (en) 1999-08-18 1999-10-20 Hoechst Schering Agrevo Gmbh Fungicidal compounds
US20020049312A1 (en) * 2000-05-23 2002-04-25 Turner C. Alexander Noel human thrombospondin-like proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
US20050153323A1 (en) * 2000-07-28 2005-07-14 Yi Hu Novel human proteases and polynucleotides encoding the same
US20030050464A1 (en) * 2000-07-28 2003-03-13 Yi Hu Novel human proteases and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6448388B1 (en) 2000-08-16 2002-09-10 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human proteases and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6716614B1 (en) 1999-09-02 2004-04-06 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human calcium dependent proteases, polynucleotides encoding the same, and uses thereof
US20080003673A1 (en) * 1999-09-02 2008-01-03 Alejandro Abuin Novel human proteases and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6790660B1 (en) * 2001-09-18 2004-09-14 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human kielin-like proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6867291B1 (en) * 2000-09-15 2005-03-15 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human hemicentin proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6797510B1 (en) * 2001-05-24 2004-09-28 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human kinases and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6541252B1 (en) 2000-05-19 2003-04-01 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human kinases and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6759527B2 (en) 2001-03-20 2004-07-06 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human kinase and polynucleotides encoding the same
US20080050809A1 (en) * 1999-09-28 2008-02-28 Alejandro Abuin Novel human kinases and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6841377B1 (en) 2001-06-13 2005-01-11 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human kinase and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6586230B1 (en) * 2000-10-27 2003-07-01 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human kinase and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6511840B1 (en) 2000-06-15 2003-01-28 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human kinase proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
US8183339B1 (en) 1999-10-12 2012-05-22 Xigen S.A. Cell-permeable peptide inhibitors of the JNK signal transduction pathway
US20030108539A1 (en) * 2000-02-14 2003-06-12 Christophe Bonny Cell-permeable peptide inhibitors of the JNK signal transduction pathway
US20040082509A1 (en) 1999-10-12 2004-04-29 Christophe Bonny Cell-permeable peptide inhibitors of the JNK signal transduction pathway
US20080213878A1 (en) * 1999-10-19 2008-09-04 Gregory Donoho Novel human membrane proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
JP2004504005A (ja) * 1999-12-07 2004-02-12 レキシコン・ジェネティクス・インコーポレーテッド ヒト新規キナーゼタンパクおよびそれをコードするポリヌクレオチド
AU2070701A (en) * 1999-12-07 2001-06-18 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Novel human membrane proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
AU784486B2 (en) 1999-12-09 2006-04-13 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Novel human proteases and polynucleotides encoding the same
WO2001042477A1 (fr) * 1999-12-13 2001-06-14 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteines humaines de la transferase et polynucleodites les codant
WO2001046407A1 (fr) * 1999-12-22 2001-06-28 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Polynucleotides codant pour des homologues de proteases humaines
WO2001046417A2 (fr) * 1999-12-22 2001-06-28 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteines membranaires humaines et polynucleotides codant pour elles
CA2402360A1 (fr) * 2000-01-06 2001-07-12 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteases humaines et polynucleotides codant ces dernieres
AU784540B2 (en) 2000-01-18 2006-04-27 Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Novel human kinase protein and polynucleotides encoding the same
EP1254222A1 (fr) * 2000-01-18 2002-11-06 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Proteines du recepteur humain gaba et polynucleotides codant pour ces proteines
DE60118703T2 (de) * 2000-01-26 2006-12-14 Lexicon Genetics Inc., The Woodlands Menschliche neurexin-ähnliche proteine und dafür kodierende polynukleotide
CA2398791A1 (fr) * 2000-01-28 2001-08-02 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Proteines membranaires humaines et polynucleotides codant pour ces proteines
EP1301600A2 (fr) * 2000-01-28 2003-04-16 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Enzymes humaines et polynucleotides les codant
US6625546B2 (en) 2000-02-03 2003-09-23 Nanoscale Combinatorial Synthesis, Inc. Structure identification methods using mass measurements
WO2001057086A2 (fr) * 2000-02-04 2001-08-09 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteines membranaires humaines et les polynucleotides les codant
ATE366315T1 (de) * 2000-02-04 2007-07-15 Lexicon Genetics Inc Menschliche enzyme und dafür kodierende polynukleotide
AU3690801A (en) 2000-02-11 2001-08-20 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human proteases and polynucleotides encoding the same
AU2001238503A1 (en) * 2000-02-17 2001-08-27 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Novel human thrombospondin repeat proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
JP2003531582A (ja) * 2000-02-29 2003-10-28 レキシコン・ジェネティクス・インコーポレーテッド ヒトトランスポータータンパクおよびそれをコードするポリヌクレオチド
WO2001064903A2 (fr) * 2000-02-29 2001-09-07 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteines transferases humaines et polynucleotides codant ces dernieres
US20030129724A1 (en) 2000-03-03 2003-07-10 Grozinger Christina M. Class II human histone deacetylases, and uses related thereto
US20020082405A1 (en) * 2000-03-06 2002-06-27 Gregory Donoho Novel human transporter proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
AU4352101A (en) 2000-03-10 2001-09-24 Lexicon Genetics Inc Novel human g-coupled protein receptor kinases and polynucleotides encoding the same
JP2004500107A (ja) * 2000-03-13 2004-01-08 レキシコン・ジェネティクス・インコーポレーテッド 新規ヒトホスホリパーゼおよびそれをコードするポリヌクレオチド
WO2001070806A2 (fr) * 2000-03-20 2001-09-27 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteines humaines secretees et polynucleotides codant lesdites proteines
US20040033600A1 (en) * 2001-03-21 2004-02-19 Palli Subba Reddy Ecdysone receptor-based inducible gene expression system
US6767736B2 (en) 2000-04-03 2004-07-27 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human ion channel protein and polynucleotides encoding the same
CA2405729A1 (fr) * 2000-04-12 2001-10-25 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Metalloproteases et polynucleotides humains codant pour celles-ci
AU5719501A (en) 2000-04-25 2001-11-07 Lexicon Genetics Inc Novel human kinase proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
EP1280909A2 (fr) * 2000-05-12 2003-02-05 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Homologues humains de lipocaline et polynucleotides codant ceux-ci
WO2001088133A2 (fr) 2000-05-18 2001-11-22 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouveaux homologues humains de semaphorine et polynucleotides codant ceux-ci
US6790667B1 (en) * 2000-05-30 2004-09-14 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human mitochondrial proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
US20030031675A1 (en) 2000-06-06 2003-02-13 Mikesell Glen E. B7-related nucleic acids and polypeptides useful for immunomodulation
AU2001275337A1 (en) * 2000-06-07 2001-12-17 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Novel human transporter proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
US20040168209A1 (en) * 2000-06-12 2004-08-26 Alejandro Abuin Novel murine polynucleotide sequences and mutant cells and mutant animals defined thereby
EP2431054A3 (fr) 2000-06-15 2013-03-06 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Facteur delta de nécrose de tumeur humaine et epsilon
KR101155294B1 (ko) 2000-06-16 2013-03-07 캠브리지 안티바디 테크놀로지 리미티드 면역특이적으로 ＢＬｙＳ에 결합하는 항체
AU7151601A (en) * 2000-06-27 2002-01-08 Lexicon Genetics Inc Novel human gaba receptors and polynucleotides encoding the same
JP2004515220A (ja) * 2000-07-21 2004-05-27 インサイト・ゲノミックス・インコーポレイテッド プロテアーゼ
US6887685B1 (en) * 2000-07-25 2005-05-03 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human thymosin protein and polynucleotides encoding the same
EP1320542B9 (fr) 2000-08-08 2007-09-12 St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Acides nucleiques de streptocoque de groupe b, polypeptides, compositions therapeutiques et vaccins correspondants
CA2419822C (fr) 2000-08-14 2011-02-08 Gary J. Nabel Modifications de env, gag, et pol de vih a pouvoir immunogene augmente aux fins d'immunisation genetique
US20020076780A1 (en) * 2000-08-16 2002-06-20 Turner C. Alexander Novel human ion channel proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
JP2004506447A (ja) * 2000-08-22 2004-03-04 レキシコン・ジェネティクス・インコーポレーテッド 新規ヒト７ｔｍタンパクおよびそれをコードするポリヌクレオチド
ATE334208T1 (de) * 2000-08-22 2006-08-15 Lexicon Genetics Inc Menschliche proteasen und für diese kodierende polynukleotide
AU2001285326A1 (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-13 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human kinase proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
US7229790B2 (en) * 2000-09-01 2007-06-12 Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Human GABA transporter protein and polynucleotides encoding the same
EP1332371A2 (fr) * 2000-09-18 2003-08-06 Genzyme Corporation Procede pour identifier des cibles d'anticorps therapeutiques associees a une reaction therapeutique
DE60119757T2 (de) 2000-09-27 2007-04-26 Lexicon Genetics Inc., The Woodlands Menschliche ionenaustauschproteine und dafür kodierende polynukleotiden
AU2001293084A1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2002-04-08 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human protease inhibitor proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6777232B1 (en) * 2000-10-02 2004-08-17 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human membrane proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
US8105825B2 (en) * 2000-10-03 2012-01-31 Intrexon Corporation Multiple inducible gene regulation system
WO2002031129A2 (fr) 2000-10-12 2002-04-18 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles kinases humaines et polynucleotides codant pour ces dernieres
US7001763B1 (en) 2000-10-17 2006-02-21 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human semaphorin proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
WO2002070705A2 (fr) * 2000-10-27 2002-09-12 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Proteines humaines 7tm et polynucleotides nouveaux codant lesdites proteines
EP1330524A2 (fr) * 2000-10-30 2003-07-30 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteines humaines 7tm et polynucleotides codant pour ces proteines
EP1390477B1 (fr) * 2000-11-01 2006-08-16 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteases humaines et polynucleotides codant pour lesdites proteases
WO2002050278A2 (fr) * 2000-11-15 2002-06-27 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteines humaines secretees et polynucleotides les codant
AU2002228633A1 (en) 2000-11-20 2002-06-03 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human kinases and polynucleotides encoding the same
WO2002046128A2 (fr) 2000-12-06 2002-06-13 Pharmacore, Inc. Acides amines quaternaires sur supports solides
EP1341906A2 (fr) * 2000-12-11 2003-09-10 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelle kinase humaine et polynucleotides codant pour cette kinase
WO2002048333A2 (fr) * 2000-12-12 2002-06-20 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles kinases humaines et polynucleotides les codant
US6583269B1 (en) 2000-12-18 2003-06-24 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human protease inhibitor and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6852844B1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2005-02-08 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human protocadherin proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
CA2432737A1 (fr) * 2000-12-20 2002-06-27 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelle proteine canal humaine et polynucleotides codant pour elle
AU2002246858A1 (en) 2000-12-27 2002-08-06 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human kinases and polynucleotides encoding the same
AU2001297533A1 (en) * 2000-12-28 2002-09-12 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Novel human ion channel-related proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
WO2002053753A2 (fr) * 2001-01-05 2002-07-11 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelle lipase humaine et polynucleotides codant celle-ci
AU2002236717A1 (en) * 2001-01-08 2002-07-16 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human protease and polynucleotides encoding the same
EP1407029A2 (fr) * 2001-01-23 2004-04-14 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles kinases humaines et polynucleotides codant pour celles-ci
WO2002059328A1 (fr) * 2001-01-24 2002-08-01 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Lipase humaine et polynucleotides codant pour cette lipase
WO2002063002A2 (fr) * 2001-02-02 2002-08-15 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelle proteine transporteuse humaine et polynucleotides la codant
EP1683865A3 (fr) 2001-02-02 2006-10-25 Eli Lilly & Company Protéines de mammifères en particulier CD200
AU2002250032B2 (en) 2001-02-09 2008-06-05 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Human G-protein chemokine receptor (CCR5) HDGNR10
JP2005503118A (ja) * 2001-02-14 2005-02-03 ジェンザイム・コーポレーション 改変ペプチドリガンド
WO2002066624A2 (fr) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-29 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelle protease humaine et polynucleotides codant pour ladite protease
US8715959B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2014-05-06 Intrexon Corporation Substitution mutant receptors and their use in a nuclear receptor-based inducible gene expression system
WO2002066615A2 (fr) 2001-02-20 2002-08-29 Rheogene, Inc. Nouveaux recepteurs a mutant de substitution et utilisation de ceux-ci dans un systeme d'expression de gene inductible fonde sur un recepteur nucleaire
ES2392508T3 (es) 2001-02-20 2012-12-11 Intrexon Corporation Receptores X retinoides quiméricos y su uso en un sistema inducible de expresión génica basado en receptores de ecdisona novedoso
MXPA03007493A (es) 2001-02-20 2004-10-15 Rheogene Holdings Inc Nuevo sistema de expresion genetica inducible a base de receptor de ecdisona/receptor x retinoide de invertebrado.
US7323327B2 (en) 2001-02-23 2008-01-29 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Genes encoding novel proteolytic enzymes
EP1364212B1 (fr) 2001-03-02 2011-02-02 GPC Biotech AG Systeme de dosage a trois hybrides
CA2710031A1 (fr) 2001-03-02 2002-09-12 University Of Western Ontario Precurseurs polymeres de composes radiomarques et methodes de fabrication et d'utilisation de ceux-ci
JP3929250B2 (ja) * 2001-03-08 2007-06-13 株式会社ルネサステクノロジ 半導体装置
US7252990B2 (en) * 2001-03-12 2007-08-07 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human dectin proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
WO2002072774A2 (fr) * 2001-03-12 2002-09-19 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteines transporteuses humaines et polynucleotides codant pour ces proteines
AU2002306696B2 (en) * 2001-03-12 2007-12-20 Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Novel human EGF-family proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same
US6994995B1 (en) 2001-03-16 2006-02-07 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human synaptotagmin and polynucleotides encoding the same
EP1383879A4 (fr) 2001-04-06 2005-05-11 Lexicon Genetics Inc Kinases humaines et polynucleotides codant pour celles-ci
JP2004528841A (ja) 2001-04-06 2004-09-24 レキシコン・ジェネティクス・インコーポレーテッド 新規ヒトキナーゼおよびそれをコードするポリヌクレオチド
US6887462B2 (en) 2001-04-09 2005-05-03 Chiron Corporation HSA-free formulations of interferon-beta
US6644173B2 (en) * 2001-04-11 2003-11-11 Keuring, Incorporated Beverage filter cartridge holder
EP2228389B1 (fr) 2001-04-13 2015-07-08 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Anticorps contre facteur de croissance endothéliale vasculaire 2
US6607895B2 (en) 2001-04-16 2003-08-19 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Human adenylsuccinate synthetase and polynucleotides encoding the same
AU2002259011A1 (en) * 2001-04-30 2002-11-11 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Novel human nuclear transporters and polynucleotides encoding the same
JP2004537986A (ja) * 2001-05-09 2004-12-24 レキシコン・ジェネティクス・インコーポレーテッド 新規キナーゼおよびそれをコードするポリヌクレオチド
US7244853B2 (en) 2001-05-09 2007-07-17 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Dioxanes and uses thereof
US7064189B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2006-06-20 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Antibodies that immunospecifically bind to trail receptors
WO2002097095A1 (fr) * 2001-05-25 2002-12-05 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteines transporteuses humaines et polynucleotides les codant
AU2002303879B2 (en) 2001-05-29 2007-08-09 Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Novel human hydroxylases and polynucleotides encoding the same
JP2004531268A (ja) * 2001-06-14 2004-10-14 レキシコン・ジェネティクス・インコーポレーテッド 新規ヒトトランスポータータンパクおよびそれをコードするポリヌクレオチド
WO2003004609A2 (fr) * 2001-07-03 2003-01-16 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteines humaines de type kieline et polynucleotides encodant ces dernieres
WO2003010130A1 (fr) 2001-07-24 2003-02-06 Pharmacore, Inc. Derives d'amino acides
US6867189B2 (en) * 2001-07-26 2005-03-15 Genset S.A. Use of adipsin/complement factor D in the treatment of metabolic related disorders
EP1425382A4 (fr) * 2001-08-14 2004-10-06 Lexicon Genetics Inc Nouvelles proteines collagenes humaines et polynucleotides les codant
KR20040066788A (ko) 2001-08-31 2004-07-27 더 락커펠러 유니버시티 프스포다이에스터레이즈 활성 및 뇌에서프스포다이에스터레이즈 1ｂ 매개되는 신호의 조절
US20070020622A1 (en) * 2001-09-14 2007-01-25 Invitrogen Corporation DNA Polymerases and mutants thereof
US7919269B2 (en) 2001-09-26 2011-04-05 Intrexon Corporation Whitefly ecdysone receptor nucleic acids, polypeptides, and uses thereof
MXPA04002810A (es) 2001-09-26 2005-06-06 Rheogene Holdings Inc Acidos nucleicos receptores de ecdisona de saltarilla, polipeptidos, y sus usos.
ES2401425T3 (es) 2001-10-25 2013-04-19 Medical Research Council Moléculas
US7842498B2 (en) 2001-11-08 2010-11-30 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Hydrophobic surface chip
US20050119176A1 (en) * 2001-11-21 2005-06-02 The Burnham Institute Methods and compositions for derepression of IAP-inhibited caspase
JP2005510569A (ja) * 2001-11-21 2005-04-21 ザ バーナム インスティチュート Ｉａｐ阻害カスパーゼの活性化のための方法および組成物
US20060258581A1 (en) * 2001-11-21 2006-11-16 Reed John C Methods and composition for derepressions of IAP-inhibited caspase
CH696701A5 (de) * 2001-12-18 2007-10-15 Hoffmann La Roche Verfahren zum Testen eines Mittels auf dessen Fähigkeit, die Heparanaseaktivität zu hemmen.
AU2003206397B2 (en) 2002-01-04 2008-07-17 The Rockefeller University Compositions and methods for prevention and treatment of amyloid-beta peptide-related disorders
WO2003057725A2 (fr) * 2002-01-09 2003-07-17 University Of Lausanne Inhibiteurs peptidiques, a permeabilite cellulaire, du processus de transduction du signal jnk
AU2003209340A1 (en) * 2002-01-18 2003-09-02 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Predictor sets for tyrosine kinase pathways
US6861523B2 (en) 2002-02-08 2005-03-01 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies 1,3,5- trisubstituted-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione compounds and libraries
EP1482963A4 (fr) 2002-03-08 2010-06-09 Univ Texas Modulation controlee de la longueur de chaine laterale des acides amines des antigenes peptides
ES2559764T3 (es) 2002-03-11 2016-02-15 Molecular Insight Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Complejos de tecnecio-dipiridina, y métodos de uso de los mismos
CA2480052A1 (fr) * 2002-04-01 2003-10-16 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Anticorps se liant specifiquement a gmad
JP2005535572A (ja) 2002-04-12 2005-11-24 メディミューン，インコーポレーテッド 組換え抗インターロイキン−９抗体
ATE476500T1 (de) * 2002-05-21 2010-08-15 Dsm Ip Assets Bv Neue phospholipasen und deren verwendungen
CA2488682C (fr) 2002-06-10 2014-04-01 Vaccinex, Inc. Gene s'exprimant de facon differentielle dans le cancer du sein et de la vessie et polypeptides codes
US7893218B2 (en) 2003-06-16 2011-02-22 Stowers Institute For Medical Research Antibodies that specifically bind SOST peptides
US20030231986A1 (en) * 2002-06-18 2003-12-18 Eastman Kodak Company Micro-array identification means
WO2004007693A2 (fr) * 2002-07-16 2004-01-22 University Of South Florida Proteine immunosuppressive humaine
AU2003254016A1 (en) 2002-07-19 2004-02-09 Catholic Healthcare West Methods and compositions relating to chimeric nicotinic receptor subunits
CA2495198C (fr) 2002-08-19 2014-03-11 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Nouvelles lipases et utilisations
EP1548105A4 (fr) 2002-08-30 2006-03-01 Japan Science & Tech Agency Procede de disruption genique ciblee, genome de bacterie hyperthermostable et puce genomique utilisant un tel procede
JP3447009B1 (ja) * 2002-10-29 2003-09-16 實 平垣 構築物用構成体およびその製造方法
MXPA05005900A (es) 2002-12-03 2005-08-29 Bayer Cropscience Sa Derivados plaguicidas de 1-aril-3-amidoxima-pirazoles.
MXPA05005898A (es) * 2002-12-03 2005-08-29 Bayer Cropscience Sa Composiciones plaguicidas.
WO2004052939A2 (fr) 2002-12-09 2004-06-24 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Ligands pour metaux et processus a catalyse par metaux ameliores bases sur ces ligands
US20040180368A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-09-16 Affymetrix, Inc. Method for producing a high density nucleic acid array using activators
MXPA05007615A (es) * 2003-01-21 2005-09-30 Bristol Myers Squibb Co Polinucleotido que codifica una novedosa acil coenzima a, monoacilglicerol aciltransferasa-3 (mgat3), y usos del mismo.
EP2305655A3 (fr) 2003-02-05 2011-06-29 Bayer CropScience AG Amino-1,3,5-triazines n-substituées par des groupements bicycliques chiraux, procédé pour leur obtention, compositions les contenant et leur utilisation en tant qu' herbicides et régulateurs de croissance végétale
US7304161B2 (en) 2003-02-10 2007-12-04 Intrexon Corporation Diaclhydrazine ligands for modulating the expression of exogenous genes in mammalian systems via an ecdysone receptor complex
US7456315B2 (en) 2003-02-28 2008-11-25 Intrexon Corporation Bioavailable diacylhydrazine ligands for modulating the expression of exogenous genes via an ecdysone receptor complex
US20070197577A1 (en) * 2003-03-17 2007-08-23 Cengent Therapeutics Inhibitors of anthrax lethal factor
EP2316487B1 (fr) 2003-04-11 2014-06-11 MedImmune, LLC Anticorps IL-9 recombinants et leurs utilisations
CN101675997B (zh) * 2003-05-02 2013-07-17 西安大略省大学 合成放射性药物中连接至甲锡烷基聚合物的辅基
US20060035242A1 (en) 2004-08-13 2006-02-16 Michelitsch Melissa D Prion-specific peptide reagents
WO2005023993A2 (fr) 2003-09-09 2005-03-17 Integrigen, Inc. Procedes et compositions de generation de genes d'anticorps humains de lignee germinale
WO2005058961A2 (fr) * 2003-12-12 2005-06-30 Amgen Inc. Anticorps anti-galanine et leurs utilisations
US7569516B2 (en) * 2003-12-24 2009-08-04 Bayer Cropscience Ag Plant growth regulation
EP1710310A4 (fr) 2003-12-30 2007-02-21 Suntory Ltd Nouveau streptococcus mutans de type serum et utilisation de celui-ci
AU2005216949B2 (en) 2004-02-24 2011-09-22 The General Hospital Corporation Catalytic radiofluorination
US7973139B2 (en) * 2004-03-26 2011-07-05 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Antibodies against nogo receptor
KR101161819B1 (ko) 2004-04-22 2012-07-03 테일크리스 바이오쎄러퓨틱스 아이엔씨. 재조합적으로 변형된 플라스민
US7935510B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2011-05-03 Intrexon Corporation Mutant receptors and their use in a nuclear receptor-based inducible gene expression system
US20050261474A1 (en) * 2004-05-20 2005-11-24 Mixture Sciences, Inc. Method of support-based chemical synthesis
JP4890451B2 (ja) 2004-06-26 2012-03-07 メリアル リミテッド １−アリール−アミノピロールに基づく殺虫剤
ATE540973T1 (de) 2004-07-22 2012-01-15 Five Prime Therapeutics Inc Zusammensetzungen und verfahren zur verwendung von mgd-cdf zur krankheitsbehandlung
US8101739B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2012-01-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services Recombinant expression vectors comprising a human codon-optimized marburg virus (MARV) angola glycoprotein gene insert and method of immunization employing said vector
JP4667007B2 (ja) 2004-11-02 2011-04-06 サントリーホールディングス株式会社 リグナン配糖化酵素およびその利用
WO2007001448A2 (fr) 2004-11-04 2007-01-04 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Particules polymeres revetues a diffusion regulee comme vecteurs efficaces d'administration par voie orale de produits biopharmaceutiques
WO2006061146A1 (fr) 2004-12-07 2006-06-15 Merial Ltd. Derives de 5-aminopyrazole utilises en tant que composes pesticides
ES2515099T3 (es) 2004-12-07 2014-10-29 Merial Limited 1-fenil-3-piperazin-pirazoles y composiciones pesticidas de los mismos
US7408030B2 (en) * 2005-01-13 2008-08-05 North Carolina State University Purification of immunoglobulins using affinity chromatography and peptide ligands
US7402730B1 (en) 2005-02-03 2008-07-22 Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Knockout animals manifesting hyperlipidemia
UA90502C2 (ru) * 2005-02-18 2010-05-11 Сьёрфейс Лоджикс, Инк. Имидазотриазиноновые соединения и фармацевтическая композиция, которая их содержит
US20110172422A1 (en) * 2005-02-18 2011-07-14 Surface Logix, Inc. Methods of Making Pharmacokinetically Improved Compounds Comprising Functional Residues or Groups and Pharmaceutical Compositions Comprising Said Compounds
US20070003535A1 (en) * 2005-03-17 2007-01-04 Reed John C Methods and compositions for derepression of IAP-inhibited caspase
JP2008532559A (ja) 2005-03-19 2008-08-21 メディカル リサーチ カウンシル ウイルス感染の治療及び予防又は治療及び予防の改善
WO2006102557A2 (fr) 2005-03-22 2006-09-28 The President And Fellows Of Harvard College Traitement de troubles lies a la degradation de proteines
CN101495645B (zh) 2005-03-23 2012-08-22 生物-拉德实验室公司 蛋白纯化方法
US20060281703A1 (en) * 2005-05-19 2006-12-14 Schering Aktiengesellschaft Treatment of disease using an improved regulated expression system
US20070179113A1 (en) * 2005-05-19 2007-08-02 Schering Aktiengesellachaft GM-CSF gene therapy for Crohn's disease using an improved regulated expression system
PE20061416A1 (es) * 2005-05-19 2007-01-26 Schering Ag Sistema de expresion genetica que comprende un interferon-beta
US20080076729A1 (en) * 2005-05-19 2008-03-27 Schering Aktiengesellachaft Interferon-beta gene therapy using an improved, regulated expression system
CN101437539B (zh) * 2005-07-05 2013-10-02 康奈尔研究基金会（有限公司） 通过干扰cd99l2阻断白细胞迁出和炎症
WO2007008604A2 (fr) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-18 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Polymorphismes de nucleotides simples associes a l'oedeme dose-dependant, et leurs procedes d'utilisation
US20070202512A1 (en) * 2005-08-19 2007-08-30 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Human single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with dose-dependent weight gain and methods of use thereof
US8945573B2 (en) 2005-09-08 2015-02-03 The Henry M. Jackson Foundation For The Advancement Of Military Medicine, Inc. Targeted identification of immunogenic peptides
US8080517B2 (en) * 2005-09-12 2011-12-20 Xigen Sa Cell-permeable peptide inhibitors of the JNK signal transduction pathway
WO2007031098A1 (fr) 2005-09-12 2007-03-22 Xigen S.A. Inhibiteurs peptidiques permeables aux cellules de la voie de transduction de signal jnk
US7312079B1 (en) 2005-10-06 2007-12-25 Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Variants of FAM3C
EP2360175B1 (fr) 2005-11-22 2014-07-16 Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc. Particules de type virus (vlps) de norovirus et de sapovirus
WO2007070682A2 (fr) 2005-12-15 2007-06-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Systeme de criblage de particules
CN101528679A (zh) 2006-02-14 2009-09-09 哈佛大学校长及研究员协会 组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂
CN101400362B (zh) * 2006-02-14 2016-10-12 哈佛大学校长及研究员协会 双官能组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂
KR20090034297A (ko) * 2006-02-16 2009-04-07 더 거번먼트 오브 더 유나이티드 스테이츠 오브 어메리카 애즈 레프리젠티드 바이 더 세크러터리 오브 더 디파트먼트 오브 헬쓰 앤드 휴먼 써비시즈 인플루엔자에 대한 항바이러스제 및 백신
US11237171B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2022-02-01 Trustees Of Tufts College Methods and arrays for target analyte detection and determination of target analyte concentration in solution
US8460879B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2013-06-11 The Trustees Of Tufts College Methods and arrays for target analyte detection and determination of target analyte concentration in solution
WO2008105773A2 (fr) 2006-03-31 2008-09-04 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Système pour l'administration ciblée d'agents thérapeutiques
CA2654540C (fr) * 2006-05-03 2017-01-17 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Inhibiteurs d'histone desacetylases et de tubuline desacetylases
CA2652280C (fr) 2006-05-15 2014-01-28 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Polymeres pour particules fonctionnelles
WO2007150030A2 (fr) 2006-06-23 2007-12-27 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Synthèse microfluidique de nanoparticules organiques
US7572618B2 (en) 2006-06-30 2009-08-11 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Polynucleotides encoding novel PCSK9 variants
US20080004410A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Yu-Chin Lai Hydrophilic macromonomers having alpha,beta-conjugated carboxylic terminal group and medical devices incorporating same
CA2661483A1 (fr) 2006-08-24 2008-02-28 Surface Logix, Inc. Composes de pharmacocinetique amelioree
EP2423332A1 (fr) 2006-08-25 2012-02-29 Oncotherapy Science, Inc. Marqueurs de pronostic et cibles thérapeutiques pour le cancer des poumons
US20080096208A1 (en) 2006-09-06 2008-04-24 Connors Richard W Biomarkers for assessing response to c-met treatment
WO2008033518A2 (fr) 2006-09-13 2008-03-20 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Ostéocalcine sous-carboxylée/non carboxylée augmentant la prolifération des cellules bêta, la sécrétion d'insuline, la sensibilité à l'insuline, la tolérance au glucose et réduisant la masse graisseuse
DK2074230T3 (da) * 2006-10-11 2013-02-25 Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv Sammensætninger og fremgangsmåder til behandling og diagnosticering af colon irritabile
US20110294782A1 (en) 2006-11-10 2011-12-01 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Small molecule pak inhibitors
DE102006059941A1 (de) 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 Bayer Cropscience Ag Substituierte 2,4-Diamino-1,3,5-triazine, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung als Herbizide und Pflanzenwachstumsregulatoren
SI3345607T1 (sl) 2006-12-29 2023-03-31 Ossifi-Mab Llc Postopki spreminjanja rasti kosti z dajanjem antagonista ali agonista SOST ali WISE
EP1938686A1 (fr) * 2006-12-29 2008-07-02 Bayer CropScience AG Acides de 1-(3-pyridinyl)pyrazol-4-yl acétique substitués, procédé pour leur préparation et leur utilisation comme herbicide et comme agent régulateur de la croissance des plantes
WO2008094275A1 (fr) 2007-01-30 2008-08-07 New York University Peptides destinés à être utilisés dans un traitement d'états associés à de l'oxyde nitrique
US9217129B2 (en) 2007-02-09 2015-12-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Oscillating cell culture bioreactor
WO2008100596A2 (fr) * 2007-02-15 2008-08-21 Burnham Institute For Medical Research Biomarqueurs de maladie neurodégénérative
US20090074828A1 (en) 2007-04-04 2009-03-19 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Poly(amino acid) targeting moieties
EP2170932A4 (fr) 2007-06-20 2012-10-10 Phylogica Ltd Compositions et leurs utilisations dans le traitement du syndrome de détresse respiratoire aigu (ards) et de troubles cliniques associés à celui-ci
US8071378B2 (en) 2007-08-06 2011-12-06 Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute ZNF206: regulator of embryonic stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency
JP2010536844A (ja) 2007-08-24 2010-12-02 オンコセラピー・サイエンス株式会社 癌の治療標的及び診断マーカーとしてのｄｋｋ１癌遺伝子
WO2009029073A1 (fr) 2007-08-30 2009-03-05 The Trustees Of Tufts College Procédés pour déterminer la concentration d'un analyte dans une solution
EP2207890A4 (fr) * 2007-10-05 2010-12-15 Barofold Inc Traitement sous haute pression d'interférons agrégés
MX350501B (es) 2007-10-12 2017-09-07 Massachusetts Inst Technology Nanotecnologia de vacuna.
EP2052604A1 (fr) 2007-10-24 2009-04-29 Bayer CropScience AG Sel du 2-lodo-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbamoyl] benzolsulfonamide, son procédé de fabrication, et son utilisation en tant qu'herbicide et régulateurs de croissance
WO2009059379A1 (fr) 2007-11-07 2009-05-14 Dynamic Microbials Limited Compositions et formulations antimicrobiennes et leurs utilisations
EP2220221B1 (fr) 2007-11-29 2014-12-31 Grifols Therapeutics Inc. Plasmine modifiée de manière recombinante
EP2065373A1 (fr) 2007-11-30 2009-06-03 Bayer CropScience AG Dérivés de chirale 3-(benzylsulfinyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole et dérivés de 5,5-dimethyl-3-[(1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl) sulfinyl]-4,5-dihydroisoxazole, leur procédé de fabrication ainsi que leur utilisation en tant qu'herbicides et régulateurs de croissance des plantes
EP2065374A1 (fr) * 2007-11-30 2009-06-03 Bayer CropScience AG Dérivés de 2-(benzyl- et 1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl)sulfinyl-thiazole en tant qu'herbicides et régulateurs de la croissance de plantes
EP2072512A1 (fr) 2007-12-20 2009-06-24 Bayer CropScience AG Composés herbicides à base d'urées N-azinyl-N'-pyridylsulfonyl
DE102008006005A1 (de) 2008-01-25 2009-07-30 Bayer Cropscience Ag Herbizide Verbindungen auf Basis von N-Azinyl-N'-pyridylsulfonyl-harnstoffen
EP2246418A4 (fr) 2007-12-28 2013-07-31 Suntory Holdings Ltd Hydroxylase de lignanes
EP2103216A1 (fr) 2008-03-19 2009-09-23 Bayer CropScience AG Sels de 3-(5,6-dihydro-1,4,2-dioxazine-3-yl)-N-[(4,6-diméthoxypyrimidine-2-yl)carbamoyl] pyridine-2-sulfonamide choisis, leur procédé de fabrication et leur utilisation en tant qu'herbicides et régulateurs de croissance des plantes
EP2260102A1 (fr) 2008-03-25 2010-12-15 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Traitement du cancer par régulation à la baisse de frizzled-4 et/ou frizzled-1
EP2110019A1 (fr) 2008-04-19 2009-10-21 Bayer CropScience AG Composés herbicides à base de N-azinyl-N'-pyridylsulfonylurées
SG176464A1 (en) 2008-05-09 2011-12-29 Agency Science Tech & Res Diagnosis and treatment of kawasaki disease
EP2304439A4 (fr) 2008-05-29 2012-07-04 Nuclea Biotechnologies Llc Anticorps anti-phospho-akt
WO2009143865A1 (fr) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Xigen S.A. Utilisation d'inhibiteurs peptidiques des voies de traduction du signal jnk perméables aux cellules pour le traitement de diverses maladies
WO2009143864A1 (fr) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Xigen S.A. Utilisation d'inhibiteurs peptidiques perméables aux cellules de la voie de transduction du signal jnk pour le traitement de maladies digestives inflammatoires chroniques ou non chroniques
BRPI0913397B8 (pt) * 2008-06-04 2021-05-25 Grifols Therapeutics Inc método para preparar plasmina
CA2731730C (fr) 2008-07-23 2017-06-13 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Inhibiteurs de desacetylase et leurs utilisations
US8222047B2 (en) 2008-09-23 2012-07-17 Quanterix Corporation Ultra-sensitive detection of molecules on single molecule arrays
US20100075439A1 (en) * 2008-09-23 2010-03-25 Quanterix Corporation Ultra-sensitive detection of molecules by capture-and-release using reducing agents followed by quantification
US20100075862A1 (en) * 2008-09-23 2010-03-25 Quanterix Corporation High sensitivity determination of the concentration of analyte molecules or particles in a fluid sample
US8343498B2 (en) 2008-10-12 2013-01-01 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Adjuvant incorporation in immunonanotherapeutics
US8277812B2 (en) 2008-10-12 2012-10-02 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Immunonanotherapeutics that provide IgG humoral response without T-cell antigen
US8591905B2 (en) 2008-10-12 2013-11-26 The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. Nicotine immunonanotherapeutics
US8343497B2 (en) 2008-10-12 2013-01-01 The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. Targeting of antigen presenting cells with immunonanotherapeutics
US7794146B1 (en) * 2008-11-17 2010-09-14 Geddis Cheryl J Ultrasonic cleaning pouch system
WO2010072228A1 (fr) 2008-12-22 2010-07-01 Xigen S.A. Nouvelles constructions transporteuses et molécules conjuguées cargo/transporteuses
JP5789521B2 (ja) 2009-03-03 2015-10-07 グリフオルス・セラピユーテイクス・インコーポレーテツドＧｒｉｆｏｌｓ Ｔｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃｓ，Ｉｎｃ． プラスミノーゲンを製造するための組成物、方法およびキット；ならびにそれから製造されるプラスミン
US20110311521A1 (en) 2009-03-06 2011-12-22 Pico Caroni Novel therapy for anxiety
GB0904957D0 (en) 2009-03-23 2009-05-06 Univ Erasmus Medical Ct Tumour gene profile
EP2241323A1 (fr) 2009-04-14 2010-10-20 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Tenascine-W et cancers du cerveau
CN107252482A (zh) 2009-05-27 2017-10-17 西莱克塔生物科技公司 具有不同释放速率的纳米载体加工组分
US8691790B2 (en) * 2009-07-27 2014-04-08 James Layne Boucher Therapy of neurological inflammatory diseases with (5'-deoxy-5'-adenosyl) cobamamide, recombinant human growth hormone, interleukins IL-1, IL-6, IL-11, epidermal growth factor, and physiotherapy
WO2011019393A2 (fr) 2009-08-11 2011-02-17 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Inhibiteurs de hdac classe- et isoforme-spécifiques et utilisations de ceux-ci
EP2292266A1 (fr) 2009-08-27 2011-03-09 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung Traitement du cancer en modulant la copine III
UY32866A (es) 2009-08-27 2011-03-31 Pastoral Greenhouse Gas Res Ltd Secuencia genómica completa del metanógeno methanobrevibacter ruminantium
US20120244170A1 (en) 2009-09-22 2012-09-27 Rafal Ciosk Treating cancer by modulating mex-3
WO2011045352A2 (fr) 2009-10-15 2011-04-21 Novartis Forschungsstiftung Tyrosine kinase de la rate et cancers du cerveau
US20120213801A1 (en) 2009-10-30 2012-08-23 Ekaterina Gresko Phosphorylated Twist1 and cancer
GB0919733D0 (en) 2009-11-11 2009-12-30 Univ Edinburgh Immune system modulating composition
EP2499165B1 (fr) 2009-11-13 2016-09-14 Grifols Therapeutics Inc. Préparations contenant le facteur de von willebrand (vwf) et procédés, coffrets et utilisations s'y rapportant
JP5457813B2 (ja) * 2009-12-16 2014-04-02 ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 Ａｄｐｌｌ回路、半導体装置及び携帯情報機器
WO2011090971A2 (fr) 2010-01-19 2011-07-28 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Emploi de l'ostéocalcine dans le traitement de troubles de la reproduction chez le mâle
US9678068B2 (en) 2010-03-01 2017-06-13 Quanterix Corporation Ultra-sensitive detection of molecules using dual detection methods
ES2544635T3 (es) 2010-03-01 2015-09-02 Quanterix Corporation Métodos para extender el rango dinámico en ensayos para la detección de moléculas o partículas
US8415171B2 (en) 2010-03-01 2013-04-09 Quanterix Corporation Methods and systems for extending dynamic range in assays for the detection of molecules or particles
US8236574B2 (en) 2010-03-01 2012-08-07 Quanterix Corporation Ultra-sensitive detection of molecules or particles using beads or other capture objects
WO2011107586A1 (fr) 2010-03-05 2011-09-09 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung, Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research, Smoc1, ténascine-c et cancers du cerveau
EP2561076A1 (fr) 2010-04-19 2013-02-27 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Modulation de xrn1
US20110293701A1 (en) 2010-05-26 2011-12-01 Selecta Biosciences, Inc. Multivalent synthetic nanocarrier vaccines
WO2011154485A1 (fr) 2010-06-10 2011-12-15 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Traitement du cancer par modulation de la kinase 3 stérile de mammifère de type 20
WO2011160653A1 (fr) 2010-06-21 2011-12-29 Xigen S.A. Nouvelles molécules inhibant jnk
WO2012032143A1 (fr) 2010-09-10 2012-03-15 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung, Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Twist1 phosphorylé et métastase
WO2012038744A2 (fr) 2010-09-22 2012-03-29 Genome Research Limited Détection de mutations
US9150618B2 (en) 2010-10-14 2015-10-06 Xigen Inflammation Ltd. Use of cell-permeable peptide inhibitors of the JNK signal transduction pathway for the treatment of chronic or non-chronic inflammatory eye diseases
WO2012065937A1 (fr) 2010-11-15 2012-05-24 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung, Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Agents antifongiques
US9952237B2 (en) 2011-01-28 2018-04-24 Quanterix Corporation Systems, devices, and methods for ultra-sensitive detection of molecules or particles
JP2014516919A (ja) 2011-03-18 2014-07-17 バイエル・インテレクチユアル・プロパテイー・ゲー・エム・ベー・ハー 置換された４−シアノ−３−（２，６−ジフルオロフェニル）−４−フェニルブタン酸化合物、それの製造方法ならびに除草剤および植物成長調節剤としてのそれらの使用
CN103476251A (zh) 2011-03-18 2013-12-25 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 取代的(3r,4r)-4-氰基-3,4-二苯基丁酸酯，其制法和作为除草剂和植物生长调节剂的用途
WO2012142301A2 (fr) 2011-04-12 2012-10-18 Quanterix Corporation Procédé de détermination d'un protocole de traitement et/ou d'un pronostic de rétablissement d'un patient à la suite d'un traumatisme cérébral
EP2717911A1 (fr) 2011-06-06 2014-04-16 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung Protéine tyrosine phosphatase de type non-récepteur 11 (ptpn11), et cancer du sein triple négatif
US9084425B2 (en) 2011-07-15 2015-07-21 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh 2,3-diphenyl-valeronitrile derivatives, method for the production thereof and use thereof as herbicides and plant growth regulators
US9725490B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2017-08-08 Tokushima University ERAP1-derived peptide and use thereof
CN109172819A (zh) 2011-07-29 2019-01-11 西莱克塔生物科技公司 产生体液和细胞毒性t淋巴细胞（ctl）免疫应答的合成纳米载体
CA2852709A1 (fr) 2011-10-28 2013-05-02 Patrys Limited Epitopes pat-lm1 et leurs procedes d'utilisation
JP5952909B2 (ja) 2011-10-31 2016-07-13 バイエル・インテレクチュアル・プロパティ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツングＢａｙｅｒ Ｉｎｔｅｌｌｅｃｔｕａｌ Ｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｙ ＧｍｂＨ 置換４−シアノ−３−フェニル−４−（ピリジン−３−イル）ブタノエート類、それらの調製方法、並びに除草剤及び植物成長調節剤としてのそれらの使用
EP2776022A1 (fr) 2011-11-08 2014-09-17 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Traitement inédit contre les maladies neurodégénératives
WO2013068432A1 (fr) 2011-11-08 2013-05-16 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung, Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Diagnostic précoce de maladies neurodégénératives
AU2012340035A1 (en) 2011-11-14 2014-04-17 Susan W. Barnett Immunogenic complexes of polyanionic carbomers and Env polypeptides and methods of manufacture and use thereof
GB201120711D0 (en) 2011-12-01 2012-01-11 Univ Erasmus Medical Ct Method for classifying tumour cells
AR089249A1 (es) 2011-12-19 2014-08-06 Bayer Ip Gmbh 4-ciano-3-fenil-4-(piridin-3-il)butanoatos sustituidos, procedimientos para su preparacion y su uso como herbicidas y como reguladores del crecimiento de plantas
WO2013091670A1 (fr) 2011-12-21 2013-06-27 Xigen S.A. Nouvelles molécules inhibitrices de jnk pour le traitement de diverses maladies
US20140363448A1 (en) 2012-01-02 2014-12-11 Novartis Ag Cdcp1 and breast cancer
CN110404062A (zh) 2012-03-23 2019-11-05 昆士兰大学 免疫调节剂及其用途
EP2831112A1 (fr) 2012-03-29 2015-02-04 Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research Inhibition de l'interleukine 8 et/ou de ses récepteurs cxcrl dans le traitement du cancer du sein surexprimant her2/her3
WO2014001482A1 (fr) 2012-06-29 2014-01-03 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniererlassung, Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Traitement de maladies par modulation d'un isoforme spécifique de mkl-1
WO2014006114A1 (fr) 2012-07-05 2014-01-09 Novartis Forschungsstiftung, Zweigniederlassung Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Nouveau traitement pour maladies neurodégénératives
US9932626B2 (en) 2013-01-15 2018-04-03 Quanterix Corporation Detection of DNA or RNA using single molecule arrays and other techniques
US20150376597A1 (en) 2013-02-08 2015-12-31 Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research (Fmi) Novel methods for the targeted introduction of viruses into cells
AU2014227571B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-02-02 Intrexon Corporation Boron-containing diacylhydrazines
WO2014152497A2 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-25 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Ostéocalcine en tant que traitement de troubles cognitifs
AR096517A1 (es) 2013-06-07 2016-01-13 Bayer Cropscience Ag Derivados de 5-hidroxi-2,3-difenilpentanonitrilo sustituido, procedimientos para su preparación y su uso como herbicidas y/o reguladores del crecimiento de las plantas
CA2903275A1 (fr) 2013-06-26 2014-12-31 Xigen Inflammation Ltd. Nouvelle utilisation d'inhibiteurs peptidiques permeables aux cellules de la voie de transduction du signal jnk pour le traitement de diverses maladies
WO2014206427A1 (fr) 2013-06-26 2014-12-31 Xigen Inflammation Ltd. Nouvelle utilisation d'inhibiteurs de peptides à perméabilité cellulaire dans la voie de transduction du signal jnk pour le traitement de diverses maladies
WO2015197097A1 (fr) 2014-06-26 2015-12-30 Xigen Inflammation Ltd. Nouvelle utilisation pour des molécules inhibitrices de la jnk, pour le traitement de diverses maladies
WO2015019286A1 (fr) 2013-08-07 2015-02-12 Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Nouvelle méthode de criblage pour le traitement de l'ataxie de friedreich
AU2014202830A1 (en) 2014-05-23 2015-12-10 The Walter And Eliza Hall Institute Of Medical Research Bak binding proteins
WO2015189816A1 (fr) 2014-06-13 2015-12-17 Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Nouveau traitement dirigé contre le virus de la grippe
WO2016001204A1 (fr) 2014-07-04 2016-01-07 Bayer Cropscience Ag Dérivés 5-hydroxy-2-hétéroaryl-3-phénylpentanonitrile substitués, leur procédé de fabrication et leur utilisation comme herbicides et/ou régulateurs de croissance végétale
EP3194359B1 (fr) 2014-09-17 2020-04-08 Intrexon Corporation Composés diacylhydrazine contenant du bore
US20170298360A1 (en) 2014-09-24 2017-10-19 Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Lats and breast cancer
JP7175608B2 (ja) 2014-11-19 2022-11-21 ザ トラスティーズ オブ コロンビア ユニバーシティ イン ザ シティ オブ ニューヨーク 加齢に伴うフレイルのための治療としてのオステオカルシン
US20180348224A1 (en) 2015-10-28 2018-12-06 Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Resear Ch Tenascin-w and biliary tract cancers
US20200317690A1 (en) 2016-06-02 2020-10-08 Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft Novel isothiazolopyridones, processes for their preparation and their use as herbicides and/or plant growth regulators
WO2017207395A1 (fr) 2016-06-02 2017-12-07 Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft Isothiazolopyridones, procédés pour leur préparation et leur utilisation comme fongicides
US20190166840A1 (en) 2016-08-11 2019-06-06 Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft Substituted pyrazolinyl derivatives, processes for their preparation and their use as herbicides and/or plant growth regulators
EP3528820B1 (fr) 2016-10-19 2023-10-04 Avive, Inc. Nouvelles formulations liposomales pegylées d'apeline pour le traitement de maladies liées au système cardiovasculaire
GB201619713D0 (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-01-04 Swedish Biomimetics 3000 Ltd Elongate solid phase body
JP2020525465A (ja) 2017-07-03 2020-08-27 バイエル・クロップサイエンス・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 新規置換イソチアゾロピリドン類、それらを調製する方法、並びに、それらの除草剤及び／又は植物成長調節剤としての使用
BR112020000085A2 (pt) 2017-07-03 2020-07-07 Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft novos biciclos baseados em isotiazol, processos para sua preparação e seu uso como herbicidas e/ou reguladores de crescimento da planta.
US20200172933A1 (en) 2017-08-18 2020-06-04 Friedrich Miescher Institute For Biomedical Research Novel methods for the targeted introduction of viruses into cells and tissues
CN113365661A (zh) 2019-01-31 2021-09-07 新加坡科技研究局 用于治疗或预防癌症的cnx/erp57抑制剂
WO2022081436A1 (fr) 2020-10-15 2022-04-21 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services Anticorps spécifique du domaine de liaison du récepteur du sars-cov-2 et procédés thérapeutiques
WO2022087274A1 (fr) 2020-10-21 2022-04-28 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services Anticorps qui neutralisent l'activité de l'interféron de type i (ifn)
IL305301A (en) 2021-02-19 2023-10-01 Us Health Single domain antibodies neutralizing SARS CoV-2

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3544404A (en) * 1968-01-05 1970-12-01 Burlington Industries Inc Method of making polypropylene bags
US4304692A (en) * 1978-07-24 1981-12-08 Armour Pharmaceutical Company Synthesis of biologically active peptides
US4226857A (en) * 1979-03-30 1980-10-07 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Synthetic peptides having pituitary growth hormone releasing activity
US4282143A (en) * 1980-06-13 1981-08-04 American Home Products Corporation Octapeptides lowering growth hormone
FR2485003A1 (fr) * 1980-06-23 1981-12-24 Clin Midy Appareillage automatise utilisable pour la synthese des peptides en phase solide
US4483964A (en) * 1983-06-20 1984-11-20 Chiron Corporation Reactor system and method for polynucleotide synthesis
US4507433A (en) * 1983-10-07 1985-03-26 The Johns Hopkins University Preparation of oligodeoxyribonucleoside alkyl or arylphosphonates
EP0164206B1 (fr) * 1984-05-02 1988-11-02 Brendan James Hamill Appareil pour la synthèse d'oligonucléotides

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5741462A (en) 1995-04-25 1998-04-21 Irori Remotely programmable matrices with memories
US5751629A (en) 1995-04-25 1998-05-12 Irori Remotely programmable matrices with memories
US6331273B1 (en) 1995-04-25 2001-12-18 Discovery Partners International Remotely programmable matrices with memories
US6416714B1 (en) 1995-04-25 2002-07-09 Discovery Partners International, Inc. Remotely programmable matrices with memories
US6017496A (en) 1995-06-07 2000-01-25 Irori Matrices with memories and uses thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0196174A3 (en) 1988-07-27
CA1242701A (fr) 1988-10-04
JPH11180995A (ja) 1999-07-06
DE3668321D1 (de) 1990-02-22
EP0196174A2 (fr) 1986-10-01
ATE49603T1 (de) 1990-02-15
JP3090908B2 (ja) 2000-09-25
US4631211A (en) 1986-12-23
AU594327B2 (en) 1990-03-08
JPS61275296A (ja) 1986-12-05
JP2894688B2 (ja) 1999-05-24
AU5490486A (en) 1986-10-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0196174B1 (fr) Moyens pour la synthèse séquentielle organique en phase solide et les méthodes de leurs emplois
US5556762A (en) Scanning synthetic peptide combinatorial libraries: oligopeptide mixture sets having a one predetermined residue at a single, predetermined position, methods of making and using the same
Jung et al. Multiple peptide synthesis methods and their applications. New synthetic methods (87)
FI102833B (fi) Menetelmä peptidin tai proteiinin syntetisoimiseksi ja menetelmässä kä yttökelpoinen polystyreeniketjuilla oksastettu polymeerisubstraatti
US5734018A (en) Peptide mixtures
EP0417157B1 (fr) Procede general de production et de selection de peptides ayant des proprietes specifiques
US4794150A (en) Synthesis of peptide analogs
Houghten General method for the rapid solid-phase synthesis of large numbers of peptides: specificity of antigen-antibody interaction at the level of individual amino acids.
US5026773A (en) Apparatus for a solid phase synthesis of peptide analogs
US5258454A (en) Peptide synthesis method and solid support for use in the method
JPS62120399A (ja) 抗原決定ペプチド及びそれらの製造方法
US5225533A (en) General method for producing and selecting peptides with specific properties
EP0710245B1 (fr) Bibliotheques d'oligoalkyleneimine a substitution lineaire
WO1991013098A1 (fr) Supports solides pour biosystemes a phase solide
Fox Multiple peptide synthesis
Paul et al. Structural control of immunogenicity: I. Synthesis of oligo-L-lysine peptides and their mono-ε-DNP derivatives

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19880723

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19890418

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 49603

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19900215

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3668321

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19900222

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
ITTA It: last paid annual fee
EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 86301587.1

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20050310

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20050316

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20050316

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20050318

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20050318

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20050318

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20050321

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20050322

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20050322

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20050324

Year of fee payment: 20

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20060305

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20060306

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

NLV7 Nl: ceased due to reaching the maximum lifetime of a patent

Effective date: 20060306

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
BE20 Be: patent expired

Owner name: *SCRIPPS CLINIC AND RESEARCH FOUNDATION

Effective date: 20060306