CN1713955A - 作为分散剂的水乳液聚合物 - Google Patents
作为分散剂的水乳液聚合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1713955A CN1713955A CNA2003801036180A CN200380103618A CN1713955A CN 1713955 A CN1713955 A CN 1713955A CN A2003801036180 A CNA2003801036180 A CN A2003801036180A CN 200380103618 A CN200380103618 A CN 200380103618A CN 1713955 A CN1713955 A CN 1713955A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion polymer
- water
- methyl
- vinyl
- monomer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004908 Emulsion polymer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- -1 alkylidene diol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 54
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-methacrylic acid Natural products CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004595 color masterbatch Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229950007687 macrogol ester Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylimidazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=C1 OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 17
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
- DKIDEFUBRARXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-mercaptopropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCS DKIDEFUBRARXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940117958 vinyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000736 dendritic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 6
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002320 enamel (paints) Substances 0.000 description 4
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- CVEPFOUZABPRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CVEPFOUZABPRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BPAZNZINLQSFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-yl-4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazole;dihydrochloride Chemical class Cl.Cl.CC(C)C1=NCCN1 BPAZNZINLQSFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical group CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- OWXJKYNZGFSVRC-NSCUHMNNSA-N (e)-1-chloroprop-1-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\Cl OWXJKYNZGFSVRC-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GVOBUBSHVYUNJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene ethene Chemical compound C=C.ClC1=C(C=CC=C1)Cl GVOBUBSHVYUNJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NYUXIFDLNGQOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-ethenylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(Cl)=CC=C(C=C)C2=C1 NYUXIFDLNGQOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SZTBMYHIYNGYIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroacrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)=C SZTBMYHIYNGYIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical class ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NJJVQRWBOBTTSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenyl-1,3-dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C=C NJJVQRWBOBTTSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBKNKFIRGXQLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoroethenylbenzene Chemical class FC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KBKNKFIRGXQLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTHJQRHPNQEPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethenylbenzene Chemical compound COC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CTHJQRHPNQEPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZXJPLGCUVUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,2-dimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1C PMZXJPLGCUVUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FIFKCYFSZWXWMR-KVVVOXFISA-N C(C)(=O)OC=C.C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O Chemical compound C(C)(=O)OC=C.C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O FIFKCYFSZWXWMR-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRJVGCPJPJXNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(=O)OC=C.COCC(=O)O Chemical compound C(C)(=O)OC=C.COCC(=O)O WRJVGCPJPJXNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSYWJWFOKRBGQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N(=O)OC(C)CCCCCC.C(C(=C)C)(=O)O Chemical compound N(=O)OC(C)CCCCCC.C(C(=C)C)(=O)O GSYWJWFOKRBGQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YMOONIIMQBGTDU-VOTSOKGWSA-N [(e)-2-bromoethenyl]benzene Chemical compound Br\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 YMOONIIMQBGTDU-VOTSOKGWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical class OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC1=CC=CC=C1 AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HLMAOUJZLUOWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl acetate 2-methylpropanoic acid Chemical compound C(=C)OC(C)=O.C(C(C)C)(=O)O HLMAOUJZLUOWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GFJVXXWOPWLRNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl formate Chemical compound C=COC=O GFJVXXWOPWLRNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KETWBQOXTBGBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KETWBQOXTBGBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SFBTTWXNCQVIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-Vinylanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1C=C SFBTTWXNCQVIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-dicarboxybenzene Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XZHNPVKXBNDGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C XZHNPVKXBNDGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NHOWDZOIZKMVAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chlorophenyl)(4-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-5-ylmethanol Chemical compound C=1N=CN=CC=1C(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)Cl)(O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 NHOWDZOIZKMVAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLKRGXCGFRXRNQ-SNAWJCMRSA-N (z)-3-carbonoperoxoyl-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)/C=C(C(C)(C)C)\C(=O)OO BLKRGXCGFRXRNQ-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJVUNVISYDSXKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3-tetrafluorobuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)=C NJVUNVISYDSXKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCTPSAXRSBGQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethyl-4-prop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CC=CC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=C1 DCTPSAXRSBGQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FATLQQJLCOVRLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trichloro-2-ethenoxybenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=C(OC=C)C(Cl)=C1 FATLQQJLCOVRLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/16—Amines or polyamines
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
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- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/006—Preparation of organic pigments
- C09B67/0066—Aqueous dispersions of pigments containing only dispersing agents
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- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0071—Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dehydrating agents; Dispersing agents; Dustfree compositions
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- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用作颜料分散剂的水浮液聚合物,包含作为共聚单元的如下单体:(A)含有至少一个氨基基团的烯键式不饱和单体;(B)不含氨基基团的烯键式不饱和单体;(C)任选(甲基)丙烯酸羟基-或烷氧基烷基酯,通式为:CH2=CH(R1)-COO-CtH2t-OR2其中,R1是氢或甲基,R2是氢或C1~C6烷基,t是整数2,3,4,5或6;(D)一(甲基)丙烯酸(聚)亚烷基二醇酯,通式为CH2=CH(R1)-COO-(CmH2mO) n-OR2其中,R1是氢或甲基,R2是氢或C1~C6烷基,m是整数2或3,n是整数2~20。
Description
本发明涉及一种适于作颜料分散剂的水性乳液聚合物。
为了将诸如颜料等固体物质加入到液体介质中,必须施加高机械力。这在很大程度上取决于固体物质被所围绕的介质润湿的能力,以及其对于该介质的亲合力。为了降低这种分散力,通常使用分散剂,促使这类物质并入。这大多涉及阴离子或阳离子或非离子结构的表面活性剂。在加入较少量的情况下,或者将这些试剂直接涂布到固体物质上,或者将其加到分散介质中。通过这类表面活性剂,进行分散所需要的能量大大降低。
另外,已知这类物质在分散之后趋于再聚集,使初始诱导分散的能为零,而导致严重问题。这种现象能够用尤其是伦敦/范德华力解释,借这种力固体物质相互吸引。为了使这种吸引力等于零,应该在固体物质上形成吸附层。这通过使用上述表面活性剂或聚合物来产生。
然而,在分散期间和之后,周围介质和固体粒子发生相互作用,这样表面活性剂能够发生脱附而换成以高浓度存在的周围介质。但是,在大多数情况下,这种周围介质不能形成如此稳定的吸附层,以致整个系统发生絮凝。这通过尤其是液体系统粘度增加、光泽的减少、油漆和涂料的色位移、着色塑料和大漆着色力发展不足、以及增强塑料机械强度下降而证明。
国际出版物WO 02/057004(EFKA Additives B.V.)叙述了一类基于使用树状高分子作为分散剂核心材料的新分散剂。其产生一种具有优越分散性能的很特殊的三维结构。这种分散剂包含至少一种树状高分子,所述树状高分子包含官能基团,其与官能部分反应,所述部分限定为-R-X,X是颜料亲和基团,R是在链中具有至少2个原子的连接链部分,但须官能基团和颜料亲和基团是不同的。
美国专利出版物2002/0132890叙述了用于无机颜料的水性丙烯酸系乳液分散剂。该丙烯酸系乳液分散剂是甲基丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯、甲基醚聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯和多磷酸的反应产物。因此,存在酸固定基团,该基团与在无机颜料中固有的金属中心反应,从而稳定颜料分散体中的一种或多种颜料。
本发明的目的是提供一种在无溶剂环境中的水性乳液聚合物,它具有改善的在水性聚合物/涂料中的有机和无机颜料的分散性能。
现有技术状态的分散剂溶解在分散体介质中,例如水中。令人惊异地,已经发现,水不溶系统(乳液)能够用作在水系统中的分散剂。
因此,本发明涉及一种水性乳液聚合物,包含作为共聚单元的如下单体:
(A)含有至少一个氨基基团的烯键式不饱和单体;
(B)不含氨基基团的烯键式不饱和单体;
(C)任选(甲基)丙烯酸羟基-或烷氧基烷基酯,通式为:
CH2=CH(R1)-COO-CtH2t-OR2
其中,R1是氢或甲基,R2是氢或C1~C6烷基,t是整数2,3,4,5或6;
(D)一(甲基)丙烯酸(聚)亚烷基二醇酯,通式为
CH2=CH(R1)-COO-(CmH2mO)n-OR2
其中,R1是氢或甲基,R2是氢或C1~C6烷基,m是整数2或3,n是整数2~30。
化合物(A)的存在量为0.1~30wt%,以所用单体总量为基准计。
化合物(B)的存在量为0.1~30wt%,以所用单体总量为基准计。
化合物(C)的存在量为0~50wt%,以所用单体总量为基准计。
化合物(D)的存在量为0.1~50wt%,以所用单体总量为基准计。
单体总量为100wt%。
在优选实施方案中,存在化合物(C)。
定义
术语“水性乳液聚合物”指通过所谓乳液(非均相)聚合工艺生产的聚合物。聚合在水相中直接进行,而不是在溶剂或载体中。这样,介质是水或者水与水溶性/溶混性有机溶剂的混合物。
按照本发明的聚合物或按照本发明使用的聚合物具有数均分子量1,000~50,000g/mol,优选2,000~20,000g/mol。
适宜的出料形式是,例如,在水中有40~45%固体聚合物。
关于含有至少一个氨基基团的烯键式不饱和单体(A类)的非限制性实例是:
氨基(甲基)丙烯酸酯,如:(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二乙氨基乙酯;
氨基(甲基)丙烯酰胺,如:N,N-二甲氨基乙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N,N-二乙氨基乙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N,N-二甲氨基丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、(甲基)丙烯腈;
杂环乙烯基化合物,如:2-乙烯基吡啶、3-乙烯基吡啶、4-乙烯基吡啶、2-甲基-5-乙烯基吡啶、3-乙基-4-乙烯基吡啶、2,3-二甲基-5-乙烯基吡啶,N-乙烯基-嘧啶、N-乙烯基哌啶、2-乙烯基哌啶、4-乙烯基哌啶、N-乙烯基哌嗪、N-乙烯基哌啶酮、9-乙烯基咔唑、3-乙烯基咔唑、4-乙烯基咔唑、1-乙烯基咪唑、2-甲基-1-乙烯基咪唑、N-乙烯基吡咯、N-乙烯基吡唑、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、2-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基吡咯烷、3-乙烯基吡咯烷、N-乙烯基吗啉、N-乙烯基草脲胺、N-乙烯基呋喃、N-乙烯基噻酚、N-乙烯基thiolane、N-乙烯基-1,2,3-三唑、N-乙烯基-1,2,4-三唑、N-乙烯基-1,3,4-三唑和氢化乙烯基噻唑、乙烯基-噁唑和氢化乙烯基噁唑。
优选的是氨基(甲基)丙烯酸酯和杂环乙烯基化合物,特别是乙烯基吡啶和乙烯基咪唑。
适宜的不含氨基基团的烯键式不饱和单体(B类)的非限制性实例是:
烷基乙烯基醚,如甲基乙烯基醚、异丙基乙烯基醚、异丁基乙烯基醚、乙烯基·2-甲氧基乙基醚、正丙基乙烯基醚、叔丁基乙烯基醚、异戊基乙烯基醚、正己基乙烯醚、2-乙基丁基·乙烯基醚、二异丙基甲基·乙烯基醚、1-甲基庚基·乙烯基醚、正癸基乙烯基醚、正十四烷基乙烯基醚和正十八烷基乙烯基醚;
γ-取代醚,如-甲基乙烯基·甲基醚、α-甲基乙烯基·乙基醚、α-戊基乙烯基·甲基醚以及α-苯基乙烯基·乙基醚;
脂环族和芳烷基乙烯基醚,如环己醇乙烯基醚、薄荷醇乙烯基醚、香荆芥酚(=5-异丙基-2-甲基酚)乙烯基醚、苄醇乙烯基醚、β-苯基-乙醇乙烯基醚、四氢萘酚乙烯基醚、β-十氢萘酚乙烯基醚、甲苯基甲醇基乙烯基醚和丁基-环己醇乙烯基醚;
乙烯基芳基醚,如乙烯基苯基醚、2-溴乙烯基苯基醚、2-苯基乙烯基·苯基醚、乙烯基·间甲酚醚、α-甲基乙烯基·对甲酚醚、乙烯基·对氯苯基醚、乙烯基·2,4,6-三氯苯基醚和乙烯基·α-萘基醚;
线形或支链羧酸的乙烯基酯,如醋酸乙烯酯、甲氧基醋酸乙烯酯、三甲基醋酸乙烯酯、异丁酸乙烯酯、丁酸异丙烯酯、乳酸乙烯酯、辛酸乙烯酯、肉豆蔻酸乙烯酯、油酸乙烯酯和亚油酸乙烯酯;
芳香酸乙烯酯,如苯甲酸乙烯酯、烷氧基苯甲酸乙烯酯、邻苯二甲酸乙烯基·辛基酯、四氯苯甲酸乙烯酯、β-苯基丁酸乙烯酯、β-萘甲酸乙烯酯和邻苯二甲酸乙烯基·乙基酯;
甲酸乙烯酯和碳酸乙烯酯衍生物:如甲酸乙烯酯、氯甲酸乙烯酯、氯甲酸甲基乙烯酯、碳酸乙烯基·甲基酯、碳酸乙烯基·乙基酯、碳酸乙烯基·苯基酯和碳酸(1,1)亚乙烯基酯;
乙烯基硫酯,如乙烯基甲基硫醚、乙烯基正丁基硫醚、1-氯乙基乙烯基硫醚、2-氯乙基乙烯基硫醚、乙烯基十二烷基硫醚、乙烯基苯基硫醚、乙烯基·邻甲酚硫醚、乙烯基·2,5-二甲基-4-氯苯基硫醚、乙烯基·8-氯萘基硫醚和乙烯基·2-苯并噻唑基硫醚。
苯乙烯和相关单体,如苯乙烯、邻甲基苯乙烯、对甲基苯乙烯、3,4-二甲基苯乙烯、2,4,6-三甲基苯乙烯、邻-乙基苯乙烯、2,5-二乙基苯乙烯、对丁基苯乙烯、间叔丁基苯乙烯、对苄基苯乙烯、邻甲氧基苯乙烯、对甲氧基苯乙烯、6-甲氧基-3-甲基苯乙烯、2,6-二甲氧基苯乙烯和2-甲氧基-5-异丙基苯乙烯;
-甲基苯乙烯衍生物,如4-氯-甲基苯乙烯、3,4-二甲基-甲基苯乙烯、3-溴-2-甲基-甲基苯乙烯和2,5-二氯-α-甲基苯乙烯;
氯代苯乙烯衍生物,如间氯代苯乙烯、2,3-二氯代苯乙烯、3,4-二氯代苯乙烯、三氯代苯乙烯和五氯代苯乙烯;
溴-和氟代苯乙烯衍生物,如对溴代苯乙烯、间氟代苯乙烯、间三氟甲基苯乙烯、4-氟-3-三氟甲基苯乙烯和五氟苯乙烯;
其它苯乙烯衍生物,如对甲酰基苯乙烯、对乙烯基苯甲酸甲酯、对乙烯基苄醇、1,4-二甲基-2-羟基苯乙烯、3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯乙烯、2-硝基-4-异丙基苯乙烯;
联苯、萘和相关芳香化合物的乙烯基衍生物,如4-氯-4′-乙烯基联苯、邻异丙烯基联苯、对乙烯基二苯醚、4-氯-1-乙烯基萘、1-氯-4-乙烯基萘和1-乙烯基酸式萘(1-vinyl acinaphthalene);
乙烯基呋喃、乙烯基苯并呋喃、乙烯基噻吩,如2-乙烯基二苯并呋喃、5-乙基-2-乙烯基噻吩、5-氯-2-乙烯基噻吩、3,4,5-三氯-2-乙烯基噻吩和2-乙烯基二苯并噻吩;
乙烯和烯属烃的氯-、溴-和氰基衍生物,如乙烯、氯乙烯、1,1-二氯乙烯、氟乙烯、1,1-二氟乙烯、四氟乙烯、三氟氯乙烯、六氟丙烯;
丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯单体,如丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸异丙酯、丙烯酸正-、仲-、叔丁酯、丙烯酸3-甲基-1-戊酯、丙烯酸辛酯、丙烯酸十四烷基酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、和丙烯酸苯酯;甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸正丙酯、甲基丙烯酸正-、仲-、叔丁酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸2-甲基环己酯、甲基丙烯酸-氟代乙酯、甲基丙烯酸β-溴代乙酯、甲基丙烯酸邻甲酚酯、甲基丙烯酸β-萘酯、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸;
α-卤素丙烯酸酯,如氯代丙烯酸甲酯、溴代丙烯酸甲酯、氯代丙烯酸乙酯、氯代丙烯酸仲丁酯、氯代丙烯酸环己酯、氯代丙烯酸苯酯、溴代丙烯酸环己酯、氯代丙烯酸正丙酯、氯代丙烯酸异丙酯、氯代丙烯酸正丁酯和氟代丙烯酸甲酯;
二烯烃,尤其是1,3-丁二烯、异戊二烯、和氯丁二烯、2-氟丁二烯、1,1,3-三氟丁二烯、1,1,2,3-四氟丁二烯、1,1,2-三氟-3,4-二氯丁二烯以及三-和五氟丁二烯及异戊二烯等。
优选的单体包括(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯单元和/或(甲基)丙烯酸和/或能够形成可聚合自由基的其它乙烯基化合物,如苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸正丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-甲基环己酯、丙烯酸叔丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、甲基丙烯酸邻甲酚酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸异丙酯、丙烯酸3-甲基-1-戊酯、丙烯酸辛酯、丙烯酸十四烷基酯、丙烯酸仲丁酯、甲基丙烯酸仲丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯、丙烯酸苯酯、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸;1,3-丁二烯、异戊二烯、对甲基苯乙烯、3,4-二甲基苯乙烯、间乙基苯乙烯、对丁基苯乙烯、邻甲氧基苯乙烯、对甲氧基苯乙烯、2,6-二甲氧基苯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯、甲氧基醋酸乙烯酯、异丁酸乙烯酯、油酸乙烯酯、苯甲酸乙烯酯、邻苯二甲酸乙烯基·辛基酯。
(甲基)丙烯酸羟基-或烷氧基烷基酯(C类)的非限制性实例是:丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯、丙烯酸2-羟基正丁酯和甲基丙烯酸2-羟基正丁酯以及其相应的甲基-、乙基-、丙基-和丁基醚或醋酸酯。
一(甲基)丙烯酸(聚)亚烷基二醇酯(D类)的非限制性实例是:二甘醇-丙烯酸酯、二甘醇-甲基丙烯酸酯、三甘醇-丙烯酸酯、三甘醇-甲基丙烯酸酯、戊甘醇-丙烯酸酯、戊甘醇-甲基丙烯酸酯、二丙甘醇-丙烯酸酯、二丙甘醇-甲基丙烯酸酯、三丙甘醇-丙烯酸酯、三丙甘醇-甲基丙烯酸酯、戊丙甘醇-丙烯酸酯和戊丙甘醇-甲基丙烯酸酯以及其相应的甲基-、乙基-、丙基-和丁基醚或醋酸酯。一(甲基)丙烯酸(聚)亚烷基二醇酯的C1~C4烷基醚,如甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯等。
应用
水性乳液聚合物能够用作在含水系统中的分散剂,尤其是对于有机或无机颜料在含水介质中者;对于水性装饰油漆或水性涂料如透明涂料或半光涂料者;或生产用于超低VOC(挥发性有机组分)涂料的不含树脂的浓色体(RFPC)者。
因此,本发明的另一个目的是提供一种颜料分散体,其包含至少一种无机或有机颜料和如上文所述乳液聚合物。
因此,本发明还涉及一种颜料分散体,包含至少一种有机和/或无机颜料,水和/或水和水溶混性溶剂的混合物,和如上文所述乳液聚合物。
适宜的可分散的有机颜料选自偶氮颜料包括单偶氮、二偶氮-,萘酚-,苯并咪唑酮-,偶氮缩合物-,金属络合物-,异吲哚啉酮-和异吲哚啉-颜料,靛蓝,奎诺酞酮(Chino phthalon)-颜料,二噁嗪-颜料以及多环颜料如喹吖啶酮,酞菁,苝,索兰士林,和硫靛,另外,蒽醌颜料如氨基蒽醌,羟基蒽醌,蒽素嘧啶,阴丹酮,黄烷士酮,皮蒽酮,二苯并芘二酮,和异宜和蓝酮,和二酮基吡咯并吡咯颜料等。有机颜料的另外的例子能够在专题中发现:W.Herbst,K.Hunger“Industrielleorganische Pigmente”第二版,1995,VCH Verlagsgesellschaft,ISBN:3-527-28744-2。
适宜的可分散的无机颜料是,例如,碳黑、二氧化钛、氧化亚铁、硅铝酸盐。
水溶混性溶剂是,例如,C1~C4醇如甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇,多元醇如甘油或者乙二醇或丙二醇,其二聚体、三聚体或聚合物及其相应C1~C4烷基醚。
按照本发明的水性乳液聚合物可以非常适用于分散体,后者包含0~85wt%,优选3~75wt%颜料和/或增量剂如碳酸钙、硫酸钡、二氧化硅、氢氧化铝、有机纤维或玻璃。
水性乳液聚合物能够作为分散剂加入,加入量为0.1~200wt%固体分散剂,对颜料而言。按照本发明的聚合物化合物的良好活性,对无机颜料而言在0.5~20wt%固体分散剂含量下,对有机颜料而言在10~100wt%固体分散剂含量下,获得。
分散剂也能够以用有机酸中和所述聚合物得到的盐的形式应用。替代地,所述聚合物能够用烷基化剂季铵化,如苄基溴、苄基氯、甲基碘、硫酸二甲酯、硫酸二乙酯等。
本发明乳液聚合物能够单独或者与其它分散剂和/或普通添加剂组合使用。
分散剂的非限制性实例是市购分散剂,其可以以下述商品名购得,如自Avecia公司(Wilmington)的SOLSPERSE 5000和22000或由EFKA Additives B.V.生产的EFKA-6745、EFKA-6746和EFKA-6750。
高分子量分散剂是,例如,基于诸如由EFKA Additives B.V.生产的EFKA-4520的聚氨酯或诸如同公司的EFKA-4500的改性聚丙烯酸酯的分散剂。
低分子量分散剂是,例如,基于诸如聚乙二醇单C1~C20烷基醚-马来酸酯的聚乙二醇单烷基醚,或者,基于诸如由EFKA Additives B.V.生产的EFKA-6220的脂肪酸改性聚酯,的分散剂。优选基于聚乙二醇一烷基醚的分散剂。
可以存在另外的普通添加剂,如表面活性剂,去泡剂,防腐剂,阴离子型润湿剂如EFKA-6230和EFKA-8510,阳离子润湿剂如EFKA-5071,流平剂如EFKA-3030、EFKA-3034和EFKA-3035,防缩孔剂如EFKA-3570和EFKA-3580以及聚结性溶剂如二醇,乙二醇醚等。
可以应用的适宜表面活性剂包括离子和非离子表面活性剂。典型的例子是:
烷基聚乙二醇醚,如月桂醇、十三烷醇、油醇和硬脂醇的乙氧基化产物;
烷基酚聚乙二醇醚,如辛基-或壬基酚、二异丙基酚、三异丙基酚的乙氧基化产物;
烷基、芳基或烷芳基磺酸酯、硫酸酯、磷酸酯等的碱金属或铵盐,包括月桂基硫酸钠、辛基酚乙二醇醚硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、月桂基二甘醇硫酸钠,以及三叔丁基酚和2,2-二甲基丙二醇(pentaglycol)和辛二醇(octaglycol)磺酸酯铵。
磺基琥珀酸酯盐,如磺基琥珀酸乙氧基壬基酚半酯二钠、磺基琥珀酸正十八烷基酯二钠、和磺基琥珀酸二辛酯钠等。
可以应用的去泡剂包括,例如,由EFKA Additives B.V.生产的EFKA-2550、EFKA-2526和EFKA-2527。
可以应用的防腐剂包括由Rohm & Haas生产的Metatin K521或生物杀伤剂如由Schulke和Mayr GmbH生产的Parmetol A 28S。
另外的普通添加剂是一、二或三聚脂肪酸、琥珀酸(单)酯和无机酸如HCl。
乳液聚合物的制备
水性乳液聚合物的制备采用正如,例如,专利出版物DE 1912483或US 4170582所述的已知聚合方法。
制备如上文所述的水性乳液聚合物的适宜方法包括以下步骤:
(i)混合单体(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)和引发剂(E);或混合单体(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)、水和引发剂(E),形成预混合物;
(ii)将所得预混合物加到含引发剂(E)的水中;
(iii)使所得预混合物聚合成乳液聚合物。
聚合时间取决于温度和所要求的最终产物性能,但是优选,在25℃~150℃,更优选70℃~90℃下0.5~10hr。
作为自由基聚合引发剂,能够应用普通自由基引发剂。其实例是油溶和水溶引发剂如偶氮二异丁腈、2,2′-偶氮双[2(2-咪唑啉-2-基)丙烷]二氢氯化物、过硫酸钾、过硫酸钠、过硫酸铵、叔丁基过氧马来酸、过氧化琥珀酸、和过氧化氢叔丁基、过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化二叔丁基、过氧苯甲酸叔丁酯、叔丁基过氧化-2-乙基己酸酯等。
引发剂存在于上述方法的步骤(i)和步骤(ii)中。在步骤(i)中适宜量聚合引发剂为0.1~约5wt%,以所用单体总量为基准计。
分散体优选包含表面活性剂,其可以包含在预混合相或水相或两相中。优选表面活性剂在预混合相中与单体混合。表面活性剂的适宜量为0.1wt%~约2wt%,以所用单体总量为基准计。
这样,上述方法包含以下步骤:
(i)混合单体(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)、水、引发剂(E)和表面活性剂(F),形成预混合物;
(ii)将所得预混合物加到含有引发剂(E)和表面活性剂(F)的水中;
(iii)使所得预混合物聚合成乳液聚合物。
也能够通过向预混合物中加入诸如下述的化合物调节所得聚合物分子量,如,烯丙醇、α-甲基苯乙烯二聚体、正辛基硫醇、正十二烷基硫醇、巯基乙酸、巯基丙酸异辛酯、巯基丙酸丁酯等。链转移剂的适宜量为0.1wt%~约8wt%,以所用单体总量为基准计。
这样,上述方法包含以下步骤:
(i)混合单体(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)、水、引发剂(E)、表面活性剂(F)和链转移剂(G),形成预混合物;
(ii)将所得预混合物加到含有引发剂(E)和表面活性剂(F)的水中;
(iii)使所得预混合物聚合成乳液聚合物。
优点
新乳液聚合物提供以下优点:
·不含树脂的浓色体具有低粘度和良好贮存稳定性
·能够实现高颜料填充量(40~75%,取决于颜料类型)
·在各种水性装饰油漆和水性透明涂料中显色均匀
·高光泽固化薄膜
·与所有种类水性油漆和涂料的优良混用性。其典型例子是醇酸乳液、丙烯酸系共聚物乳液和聚氨酯分散体。
·优良的防浮色性能
·显著的耐湿性
浓色体在高温下贮存几周之后粘度不增加,在水介质中的无机颜料不沉降,与已知市售用于水介质的分散剂比较,具有高得多的有机和无机颜料显色性。
实施例
实施例1
将水(383.1g)和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(0.012g,总配料的0.012%)置于氮气氛围下三颈烧瓶中,并加热至80℃。在80℃下将由2,2′-偶氮双[2(2-咪唑啉-2-基)丙烷]二氢氯化物(3.6g,0.0111mol)和水(20.0g)组成的溶液加入到反应器中。在5min之后,以120min加入由下述物料组成的连续搅拌的预混合物,即,苯乙烯(132.2g,1.269mol)、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(54.1g,0.416mol)、甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(56.0g,0.356mol)、甲基丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇酯(50%水溶液)*(315.1g,0.1459mol)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(0.06g,总配料的0.06%)、巯基丙酸异辛酯(19.7g,0.090mol)、2,2′-偶氮双[2(2-咪唑啉-2-基)丙烷]二氢氯化物(10.90g,0.0337mol)。在加入所述预混合物之后,将烧瓶内容物在80℃下搅拌另外120min。产物为白色-淡黄半透明液体。所制备的聚合物分子量测定值(Mw,GPC,THF,10%溶液)为约7000g/mol。
*=市售名称Bisomer S10W,Laporte Performance Chemicals
分析数据
外观 | 乳色液体 |
固体含量 | 43% |
胺值 | 22mg KOH/g |
比重at 20℃ | 1.05g.cm-3 |
粘度 | 200mPa.s |
在如下实施例中,遵循相似聚合步骤:
实施例2:
化学名 | % |
甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯苯乙烯甲基丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇酯(50%在水中)*3-巯基丙酸异辛酯软化水2,2’-偶氮双[2(2-咪唑啉-2-基)丙烷]二氢氯化物十二烷基苯磺酸钠 | 5.605.4113.2231.511.9740.7531.4650.072 |
实施例3:
化学名 | % |
乙烯基咪唑丙烯酸羟乙酯MMA(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)甲基丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇酯(50%在水中)*十二烷基硫醇软化水2,2’-偶氮双[2(2-咪唑啉-2-基)丙烷]二氢氯化物十二烷基苯磺酸钠 | 4.944.7612.3728.740.4746.6681.980.072 |
实施例4:
化学名 | % |
丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯苯乙烯甲基丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇酯(50%在水中)*3-巯基丙酸异辛酯软化水2,2’-偶氮双[2(2-咪唑啉-2-基)丙烷]二氢氯化物十二烷基苯磺酸,钠盐(SDBS) | 5.605.4113.2231.511.9740.7531.4650.072 |
*=市售名 Bisomer S7W,Laporte Performance Chemicals
实施例5:
化学名 | % |
1-乙烯基咪唑丙烯酸羟乙酯苯乙烯甲基丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇酯**3-巯基丙酸异辛酯软化水2,2’-偶氮双[2(2-咪唑啉-2-基)丙烷]二氢氯化物十二烷基苯磺酸,钠盐(SDBS) | 3.365.8214.0316.802.7053.2184.000.072 |
**=市售名 Bisomer MPEG 550 MA,Laporte Performance Chemicals
实施例6:
化学名 | % |
2-乙烯基吡啶甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯苯乙烯甲基丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇酯(50%在水中)*3-巯基丙酸异辛酯软化水2,2’-偶氮双[2(2-咪唑啉-2-基)丙烷]二氢氯化物十二烷基苯磺酸,钠盐(SDBS) | 5.605.4113.2231.511.9740.7531.4650.072 |
*=市售名 Bisomer S10W,Laporte Performance Chemicals
实施例7:
化学名 | % |
甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯丙烯酸羟乙酯苯乙烯甲基丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇酯**3-巯基丙酸异辛酯软化水2,2’-偶氮双[2(2-咪唑啉-2-基)丙烷]二氢氯化物十二烷基苯磺酸,钠盐(SDBS) | 5.605.1612.4416.802.4753.8083.650.072 |
**=市售名 Bisomer MPEG 550 MA,Laporte Performance Chemicals
应用实施例
A1有机浓色体
基于新水性乳液聚合物和Heliogen Blue L 7080的不含树脂的有机浓色体,按如下表1制备
比较wt% | 发明1wt% | 发明2wt% | |
乳液聚合物实施例1乳液聚合物实施例5比较(EFKA 4550)EFKA 2550(去泡剂)软化水防腐剂Heliogen Blue L 7080(颜料) | 0.000.0025.000.3031.600.1043.00 | 25.000.000.000.3031.600.1043.00 | 0.0025.000.000.3031.600.1043.0 |
总计 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
EFKA 4550是如EP 311157所述高分子量聚丙烯酸系分散剂。该产物为市售。它不是乳液聚合物。
表1中有机浓色体,在Scandex摇动设备上与2重量份玻璃珠(2~3mm)一起研磨2hr,直至粒度<5μm。
有机浓色体在40℃下的稳定性
比较 | 发明1 | 发明2 | |
1周 | + | ++ | ++ |
2周 | 0 | + | + |
3周 | 0 | + | + |
4周 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
+=良好 不沉降,不分离
0=较好 沉降,稍分离
有机浓色体在40℃下粘度稳定性,采用Bohlin流变仪PP40(层厚150μm)测定
比较 | 发明1 | 发明2 | |
初始 | 903mPa.s | 192mPa.s | 210mPa.s |
4周 | 731mPa.s | 241mPa.s | 250mPa.s |
有机浓色体的应用
测试表1基于Heliogen Blue的有机浓色体在水性斑洒金漆中1.25%含量下的混溶性。
在均匀化之后,采用75μm绕线棒控涂漆器将漆涂布在聚酯薄膜(薄膜厚75μm)上。所得薄膜在空气中干燥24hr。
显色 | |
比较 | 0 |
发明1 | + |
发明2 | + |
+=良好
0=较好
A2无机浓色体
基于Bayferrox Red 130 M的无机浓色体的制备
无机浓色体按照如下表2进行制备。
比较wt% | 发明3wt% | 发明4wt% | |
比较EFKA 4550乳液聚合物实施例1乳液聚合物实施例5EFKA 2550(去泡剂)Optigel SH(防沉降)软化水防腐剂Bayferrox 130 M(颜料) | 14.800.000.000.300.3017.500.1067.00 | 0.0014.800.000.300.3017.500.1067.00 | 0.000.0014.800.300.3017.500.1067.00 |
总计 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
无机浓色体与2重量份玻璃珠(2~3mm)一起在Scandex中研磨2hr,至粒度<5μm。
无机浓色体在40℃下的稳定性
比较 | 发明3 | 发明4 | |
1周 | + | ++ | ++ |
2周 | + | + | + |
3周 | 0 | + | 0 |
4周 | - | 0 | 0 |
+=良好,无沉降,不分离
0=较好,沉降,稍分离
-=差,大量沉降,分离
无机浓色体在40℃下粘度稳定性,采用Bohlin流变仪PP40(层厚150μm)测定。
比较 | 发明3 | 发明4 | |
初始 | 867mPa.s | 192mPa.s | 210mPa.s |
4周 | 1057mPa.s | 241mPa.s | 250mPa.s |
分离 | 是 | 否 | 否 |
无机浓色体的应用
对基于Bayferrox Red的浓色体在斑洒金漆(20wt%二氧化钛)中在2.5wt%含量下进行测试。在均匀化之后,采用75μm绕线棒控涂漆器将漆涂布在聚酯薄膜(薄膜厚75μm)上。所得薄膜在空气中干燥24hr。
显色 | |
比较 | 0 |
发明3 | + |
发明4 | + |
+=良好
0=较好
湿度试验
为了进一步评定显色性、混溶性和耐湿性,采用两种浓色体生产工业漆,一种浓色体含有43%Heiliogen Blue(表1a),另一种含有75%二氧化钛(表3)。这些油漆基于如下水性透明树脂系统:
·2罐装聚氨酯
·烘烤磁漆
·纯丙烯酸系分散体
表1a
比较wt% | 发明1wt% | 发明2wt% | |
乳液聚合物实施例1乳液聚合物实施例5比较(EFKA 4550)普通分散剂EFKA 2550(去泡剂)软化水防腐剂Heliogen Blue L 7080(颜料) | 0.000.0022.502.500.3031.600.1043.00 | 22.500.000.002.500.3031.600.1043.00 | 0.0022.500.002.500.3031.600.1043.0 |
总计 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
表3
比较wt% | 发明wt% | |
比较EFKA 4550乳液聚合物实施例1普通分散剂EFKA 2550(去泡剂)Optigel SH(防沉降)软化水防腐剂Kronos 2310(颜料) | 10.700.001.100.300.2012.500.2075.00 | 0.0010.701.100.300.2012.500.2075.00 |
总计 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
详细配方如下所示。
水性两罐装聚氨酯:
56.80wt% Bayhydrol VP LS 2235(45%)(聚氨酯)
11.46wt% 表3的白色浓色体,含有按照实施例1的乳液聚合物
2.86wt% 表1a蓝色浓色体,含有按照实施例1的乳液聚合物
17.4wt% Bayhydur VP LS 2319(100%)
11.48wt% 软化水
水性烘烤磁漆
43.13wt% Uradil SZ255 G3Z(65%)(DSM-resin)
7.00wt% Cymel 303(六甲氧基甲基蜜胺,American Cyanamid)
9.34wt% 表3白色浓色体,含有按照实施例1的乳液聚合物
2.33wt% 表1a蓝色浓色体,含有按照实施例1的乳液聚合物
0.35wt% EFKA-3580(流平添加剂)
0.10wt% EFKA-1526(去泡剂)
37.75wt% 软化水
水性纯丙烯酸系分散体:
72.22wt% Primal E-357(47.5%)(甲基丙烯酸烷基酯或丙烯酸
烷基酯以及甲基丙烯酸或丙烯酸的共聚物,Rohm &
Haas)
1.75wt% Acrysol RM-8(流变改性剂,自Rohm & Haas)
0.12wt% 氨
7.46wt% 软化水
7.01wt% 丁基乙二醇3,含有按照实施例1的乳液聚合物
2.29wt% 表1a蓝色浓色体,含有按照实施例1的乳液聚合物
抗湿性试验按照下述进行:
对于每个树脂系统,将三个基于单一分散剂的薄膜彼此邻近地施加到一个铝Q-样板上(75μm绕线棒控涂漆器),在干燥7天之后,通过在湿热/冷凝试验箱中在40℃下暴露360hr进行试验。
烘烤磁漆在150℃下固化20min。
下表示出结果
系统 | 发明 | 比较 |
水性两罐聚氨酯: | ++ | - |
水性烘烤磁漆 | ++ | - |
水性纯丙烯酸系分散体 | +/- | - |
++=良好,-=差,+/-粘合性损失
作为比较,加入EFKA 4550代替乳液聚合物。
抗湿性试验结果证明,基于按照本发明的乳液聚合物的漆膜显示强耐水性。
Claims (10)
1.一种水性乳液聚合物,包含作为共聚单元的如下单体:
(A)含有至少一个氨基基团的烯键式不饱和单体;
(B)不含氨基基团的烯键式不饱和单体;
(C)任选(甲基)丙烯酸羟基-或烷氧基烷基酯,通式为:
CH2=CH(R1)-COO-CtH2t-OR2
其中,R1是氢或甲基,R2是氢或C1~C6烷基,t是整数2,3,4,5或6;
(D)一(甲基)丙烯酸(聚)亚烷基二醇酯,通式为
CH2=CH(R1)-COO-(CmH2mO)n-OR2
其中,R1是氢或甲基,R2是氢或C1~C6烷基,m是整数2或3,n是整数2~30。
2.按照权利要求1的乳液聚合物,其中单体(A)是氨基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙烯基吡啶或乙烯基咪唑。
3.按照权利要求1或2的乳液聚合物,其中单体(A)是甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯,单体(B)是苯乙烯,单体(C)是甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯,单体(D)是甲基丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇酯。
4.按照权利要求1~3中任何一项的乳液聚合物,还包含另一种分散剂和/或普通添加剂。
5.按照权利要求1的乳液聚合物的应用,作为在含水系统中的分散剂。
6.按照权利要求1的乳液聚合物的应用,作为用于在含水介质中的有机和/或无机颜料的分散剂、水性装饰油漆或水性涂料的分散剂、或者生产超低VOC涂料用的不含树脂浓色体(RFPC)的分散剂。
7.一种颜料分散体,包含至少一种有机和/或无机颜料、水和/或水与水溶混性溶剂的混合物以及按照权利要求1的乳液聚合物。
8.一种制备权利要求1定义的水性乳液聚合物的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
(i)混合单体(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)和引发剂(E);或混合单体(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)、水和引发剂(E),形成预混合物;
(ii)将所得预混合物加到含引发剂(E)的水中;
(iii)使所得预混合物聚合成乳液聚合物。
9.一种制备权利要求1定义的水性乳液聚合物的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
(i)混合单体(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)、水、引发剂(E)和表面活性剂(F),形成预混合物;
(ii)将所得预混合物加到含有引发剂(E)和表面活性剂(F)的水中;
(iii)使所得预混合物聚合成乳液聚合物;或以下步骤:
(i)混合单体(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)、水、引发剂(E)、表面活性剂(F)和链转移剂(G),形成预混合物;
(ii)将所得预混合物加到含有引发剂(E)和表面活性剂(F)的水中;
(iii)使所得预混合物聚合成乳液聚合物。
10.通过按照权利要求9或10的方法制得的水性乳液聚合物。
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EP (1) | EP1562696B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4684654B2 (zh) |
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AT (1) | ATE321605T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003279377A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0316418B1 (zh) |
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- 2003-11-11 BR BRPI0316418-7A patent/BR0316418B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-11-11 US US10/533,573 patent/US8822592B2/en active Active
- 2003-11-11 ES ES03772325T patent/ES2260665T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-11 WO PCT/EP2003/012582 patent/WO2004045755A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-11-11 DE DE60304354T patent/DE60304354T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2003-11-11 CN CNB2003801036180A patent/CN100364649C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2003279377A1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
JP4684654B2 (ja) | 2011-05-18 |
JP2006506491A (ja) | 2006-02-23 |
US20090234062A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
KR101149387B1 (ko) | 2012-07-03 |
KR20050070141A (ko) | 2005-07-05 |
MXPA05005348A (es) | 2005-08-03 |
DE60304354D1 (de) | 2006-05-18 |
WO2004045755A3 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
CN100364649C (zh) | 2008-01-30 |
BR0316418A (pt) | 2005-10-11 |
US8822592B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 |
MY134362A (en) | 2007-12-31 |
EP1562696A2 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
ES2260665T3 (es) | 2006-11-01 |
EP1562696B1 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
WO2004045755A2 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
BR0316418B1 (pt) | 2011-07-12 |
ATE321605T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
DE60304354T2 (de) | 2006-08-24 |
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Effective date of registration: 20080118 Address after: Basel, Switzerland Patentee after: CIBA SPECIALTY CHEMICALS HOLDING Inc. Address before: Holland, Jiehasike Patentee before: EFKA ADDITIVES B.V. |
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CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20080130 |
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CX01 | Expiry of patent term |