CN1662530A - 具有dpp-iv抑制活性的氮杂二环辛烷与壬烷衍生物 - Google Patents
具有dpp-iv抑制活性的氮杂二环辛烷与壬烷衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1662530A CN1662530A CN038138581A CN03813858A CN1662530A CN 1662530 A CN1662530 A CN 1662530A CN 038138581 A CN038138581 A CN 038138581A CN 03813858 A CN03813858 A CN 03813858A CN 1662530 A CN1662530 A CN 1662530A
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Abstract
本发明涉及新颖的具备DPP-IV抑制活性的通式(I)化合物。这些化合物含有托烷结构单元。
Description
本发明涉及新颖的具备二肽基-肽酶-IV酶抑制活性的通式(I)化合物以及它们的盐、溶剂化物和异构体,涉及含有它们的药物组合物,涉及通式(I)化合物的治疗应用,涉及通式(I)化合物和通式(II)、(IV)、(V)、(VII)、(VIII)与(IX)新中间产物的制备方法。
二肽基-肽酶-IV酶(DPP-IV)是在哺乳动物组织和器官中生成的,它等同于淋巴细胞表面糖蛋白CD26,后者是一种分子量为110k道尔顿的多肽。这种酶尤其可以见于肝、朗格罕氏岛、肾皮质、肺和前列腺与小肠的某些组织。此外在体液(例如血浆、血清和尿)中可以观察到显著的DPP-IV活性。
DPP-IV是一种丝氨酸蛋白酶类型的酶,它具有独特的特异性,从肽的N-末端裂解二肽,所述肽的倒数第二个氨基酸主要是脯氨酸、丙氨酸或羟脯氨酸。
DPP-IV酶负责机体中胰高血糖素样肽,肽-1(GLP-1)和GIP(胃抑制性多肽)的分解。酶GLP-1强烈地刺激胰腺酶产生胰岛素,因而它对葡萄糖自身稳定具有直接的可取的影响,因此DPP-IV抑制剂适合于治疗非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM)和其他与DPP-IV酶活性有关的疾病,包括但不限于糖尿病、肥胖、高脂血症、皮肤或粘膜疾病、牛皮癣、肠绞痛(intestinal distress)、便秘、自体免疫疾病(例如脑脊髓炎(enchephalomyelitis))、补体介导的疾病(例如肾小球性肾炎、脂肪营养障碍和组织损伤)、身心的、抑郁的和neurophsychiatric疾病(例如焦虑、抑郁、失眠、精神分裂症、癫痫、痉挛和慢性疼痛)、HIV感染、变态反应、炎症、关节炎、移植排斥、高血压、充血性心力衰竭、肿瘤和紧张诱发的流产。文献中已知有大量DPP-IV抑制剂,但是它们具有活性、毒性、稳定性和作用持续时间上的缺点。
我们的目的是制备新的、有效的和安全的DPP-IV抑制剂。
我们已经发现,通式(I)化合物,其中R代表:
-含氮单环或二环芳族部分,优选吡啶基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、咪唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噁二唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、苯并咪唑基、吲唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并噁唑基或苯并异噁唑基部分,它们可选地独立地被一个或两个下列基团单-或二-取代:C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤原子、三卤代甲基、甲硫基、硝基、氰基、C2-5烷氧基羰基或甲酰氨基;或者
-对-甲苯磺酰基;或者
-R1a-CH2-基团,其中R1a的含义是氢、C1-4烷基、苯基、苄基、苯乙基、苯乙烯基、萘基、吡啶基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、噻吩基、呋喃基或对-甲苯磺酰基部分,独立地被一个或多个C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、亚烷二氧基、卤原子、三卤代甲基、硝基或氰基取代;或者
-R1b-CO-基团,其中R1b的含义是C1-4烷基、苯基、苄基、苯乙基、苯乙烯基、萘基、吡啶基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基或喹喔啉基部分,独立地被一个或多个C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、亚烷二氧基、卤原子、三卤代甲基、硝基或氰基取代;单-或二-取代的氨基、饱和的含N杂环部分,优选含有吡咯烷子基、哌啶子基、哌嗪子基或吗啉代基环的基团;
B代表根据式(1)或(2)或(3)或(4)的基团;
Z代表式(A)或(B)或(C)或(D)或(E)或(F)基团;
和上述化合物的盐、异构体、互变体、水合物或溶剂化物在活性、稳定性和毒性上具备突出的优点。
按照公认的术语学,与含N五环氮相邻的碳原子的构型,如果Z代表式(A),那么可取地是R,如果Z代表式(B)、(C)、(D)、(E)或(F),那么可取地是S。术语“卤原子”表示氟、氯、溴或碘原子。术语“C1-4烷基”表示甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基或叔丁基。术语“C1-4烷氧基”表示甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基或叔丁氧基。在术语“三卤代甲基”中,卤素表示氟、氯、溴或碘。术语“C2-5烷氧基羰基”表示甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、丙氧羰基、异丙氧羰基、正丁氧羰基、异丁氧羰基或叔丁氧羰基。
一组有利的通式(I)化合物是这样的,其中R代表:
嘧啶基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、苯并噻唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并噁唑基、苯并异噁唑基,它们在给定情况下彼此独立地被一个或两个下列基团单-或二-取代:C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤原子、硝基、氰基、C2-5烷氧基羰基或甲酰氨基;或者
对-甲苯磺酰基;或者
R1a-CH2-基团,其中R1a的含义是苄基或苯乙烯基,在给定情况下独立地被一个或多个C1-4烷基或亚烷二氧基取代;或者
R1b-CO-基团,其中R1b的含义是苯基、苄基、苯乙基、苯乙烯基或哌啶子基,它们在给定的情况下彼此独立地被亚烷二氧基取代;
B代表式(1)或(2)或(3)或(4)基团;
Z代表式(A)或(B)基团;
及其盐、异构体、互变体、水合物或溶剂化物。
尤其有利的是这样的通式(I)化合物,其中R的含义是2-嘧啶基、2-哒嗪基(2-pyridazyl)或2-吡啶基,被硝基或氰基取代,Z代表式(A)或(B);这类化合物例如是(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈、(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈、(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]内-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈、(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(2-吡嗪基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈和(2S)-1-(2-{[8-(5-硝基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈。
根据本发明的通式(I)化合物——其中R、B和Z的含义是如上所定义的——可以借助通式(II)环状伯胺与通式(III)氯乙酰基甲腈衍生物——其中B和Z的含义是如上所定义的——的烷基化作用加以制备,如果需要的话,将所得化合物转化为它们的盐或溶剂化物(流程1)。
在烷基化过程中,通式(III)氯乙酰基甲腈衍生物或通式(II)环状伯胺是过量使用的,所得氯化氢被各种酸结合剂结合,优选一种碱,例如1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯(DBU)、三乙胺、碳酸钾或聚合物承载的2-叔丁基亚氨基-2-二乙氨基-1,3-二甲基-全氢-1,3,2-二氮杂phosphorine(PBEMP),其也称超碱(super base)。该反应优选地是在25与75℃之间的温度下进行3-16小时。
通式(II)伯胺是在两步合成中制备的(流程2)。在第一步中,将起始的被保护的环状仲胺——通式(IV)化合物,其中Y代表叔丁氧羰基——用通式(X)化合物芳基化,其中R-X化合物中的X是卤原子,优选氯或溴原子。根据R的含义,芳基化作用可以在极性、质子或非质子溶剂中进行,优选一种醇(乙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇),温度在78与136℃之间,或者没有溶剂,在微波炉中,使用过量的胺或DBU作为酸结合剂。
就原料而言,通式(IV)被保护的环状仲胺——从文献已知——采用叔丁基8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯(B=式(1))和叔丁基8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-内-氨基甲酸酯(B=式(2))(J.Med.Chem.1991,34,656)或者叔丁基9-氮杂二环[3.3.1]壬-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯(B=式(3))和叔丁基9-氮杂二环[3.3.1]壬-3-基-内-氨基甲酸酯(B=式(4))(J.Med.Chem.1993,36,3707)(Y=叔丁氧羰基)。
在第二步中,借助酸性水解作用从通式(V)芳基化胺除去保护性Y基团,其中R和Y的含义是如上所定义的。该反应是在盐酸水溶液或氯化氢乙醇溶液中进行的,温度在25与78℃之间,生成通式(II)环状伯胺,其中R的含义是如上所定义的。
在其中R是R1a-CH2-或R1b-CO-基团的情况下,使通式(IV)化合物与通式(X)化合物反应,也就是R1a-CH2X或R1b-COX化合物,其中X的含义是一种离去基团,优选氯原子,反应可取地在0℃左右的温度下进行,使用一种无机或有机碱作为酸结合剂,优选三乙胺。在酸性条件下,优选三氟乙酸的二氯甲烷溶液,从所得通式(V)化合物中裂解保护基团Y,其中Y的含义是叔丁氧羰基,温度在0℃与30℃之间,从而得到通式(II)化合物,其中R的含义是R1a-CH2-或R1b-CO-基团。
通式(III)氯乙酰基氰基化合物——其中Z的含义是如上所定义的——是已知的(Z=(B):Villhauer等RAM Chem.2002,45,2362)或者是在四步合成中制备的(流程3)。
起始化合物是含N五环羧酸,其中氮被叔丁氧羰基保护——通式(VI)化合物,其中Z的含义是如上所定义的。这些化合物可以借助文献方法制备(Z=(A):J.Kitcin等J Med Chem.1994,37,3707;Z=(C):S.Conti等Tetrahedron 1994,50,13493;Z=(D):S.C.Mayer等J Org.Chem.1994,59,5192)或者是商业上可得到的(Z=(E):Aldrich)。
在第一步中,利用新戊酰氯或氯甲酸乙酯制备混合酸酐,然后用氨水生成通式(VII)氨基甲酰基衍生物,其中Z的含义是如上所定义的。该反应优选地是在一种卤化溶剂(氯仿、二氯甲烷)中进行的,温度为-5℃,时间为2-4小时。
在第二步中,借助氯化氢乙醇溶液裂解叔丁氧羰基。水解作用发生在0-25℃下,时间为3-5小时,得到通式(VIII)甲酰胺的盐酸盐,其中Z的含义是如上所定义的。
将所得通式(VIII)五环甲酰胺在第三步中用氯乙酰氯酰化,优选地温度为0℃,溶剂为一种卤化溶剂(氯仿、二氯甲烷),时间为2-4小时,得到通式(IX)氯乙酰基氨基甲酰基衍生物,其中Z的含义是如上所定义的。
在第四步中,将通式(IX)氯乙酰基氨基甲酰基衍生物——其中Z的含义是如上所定义的——脱水,生成通式(III)氯乙酰基甲腈衍生物。脱水作用优选地是用DMF中的草酰氯进行的,温度在0℃以下,或者用二氯甲烷中的磷酰氯进行,温度为沸点。
流程1
流程2
流程3
生物学研究
借助下列方法测定通式(I)化合物的DPP-IV酶抑制活性。
测定法的应用条件
DPP-IV来源:增溶的CaCo/Tc-7细胞粗提取物
含量:0.8-1μg/测定
底物:H-Gly-Pro-AMC(Bachem)
反应:在37℃下用抑制剂预培育1小时,
在37℃下反应30分钟
终止溶液:1M乙酸钠缓冲液(pH=4.2)
反应混合物:10μl酶溶液
10μl供试化合物或测定缓冲液
55μl测定缓冲液
25μl底物
300μl终止溶液
测量:Tecan平板读数器的分光荧光测定
(Ex:360nm,Em:465nm)
在37℃下,在100mM Tris-HCl,pH=7.5(测定缓冲液)中,借助AMC(7-氨基-4-甲基香豆素)的释放记录DPP-IV酶与H-Gly-Pro-AMC底物的反应。AMC的标准曲线是线性的直至31.25μM浓度,这就是我们为什么使用所生成的AMC的相对荧光单位(RFU)的原因。使用360nm激发和465nm发射滤波器(filter)(30μs整合时间,Gain 25,No.,Flashes 50),借助Tecan Spectrofluor Plus平板读数器检测之。在这些条件下,酶反应是线性的达至少30分钟,酶依赖性是线性的直至2.5μg蛋白质(直至700RFU)。利用1-0.8μg所提取的蛋白质,H-Gly-Pro-AMC的Km是50μM。底物浓度高于500μM会导致荧光检测问题(内部过滤效应),这可以通过稀释样本来解决。
本测定法被设计成采用在37℃下预培育60分钟,尽可能有效地检测活性抑制剂。测定是这样进行的,向孔中加入0.8-1μg蛋白质提取物的10μl酶溶液(使用测定缓冲液:100mM Tris-HCl,pH=7.5),所述小孔含有10μl供试化合物和55μl测定缓冲液(在对照的情况下,含有65μl测定缓冲液)。预温育期后,加入25μl 1mM H-Gly-Pro-AMC底物溶液(最终浓度250μM)开始反应。最终测试体积为100μl,供试溶液含有1%DMSO,来自供试化合物溶液。反应时间为30分钟,温度为37℃,加入300μl 1M乙酸钠缓冲液,pH=4.2终止反应。利用360nm激发与465发射滤波器在Tecan Spectrofluor Plus平板读数器(30μs整合时间,Gain 25 No.,Flashes 50)中检测所生成的AMC的荧光(RFU)。
利用对照的RFU和空白的RFU计算抑制%。
通式(I)化合物的酶抑制作用由IC50值来表征。与已知化合物相比,这些化合物显示较低的IC50值。它们是强效的和长效的酶抑制剂。
通式(I)化合物和它们的盐、溶剂化物与异构体可以被配制成可口服或肠胃外应用的药物组合物,借助本身已知的方法,将它们与一种或多种药学上可接受的载体材料或稀释剂混合,可以作为单元剂型给药。
适当的单元剂型包含口服剂型,例如片剂、硬或软明胶胶囊剂、粉剂、颗粒剂和口服溶液或悬液,舌下、口腔、气管内、眼内、鼻内剂型,吸入、局部、透皮、皮下、肌内或静脉内剂型,直肠剂型和植入剂。就局部应用而言,本发明化合物可以作为霜剂、凝胶剂、软膏剂或洗剂使用。
作为实例,根据本发明的化合物的单元剂型是片剂的形式,可以包含下列成分:
通式(I)化合物 50.0mg
甘露糖醇 223.75mg
交联羧甲基纤维素钠(Croscarmellose sodium) 6.0mg
玉米淀粉 15.0mg
羟丙基甲基纤维素 2.25mg
硬脂酸镁 3.0mg
通式(I)化合物的每日剂量依赖于若干因素,例如患者疾病的属性与严重性、用药的方式和化合物本身。
本发明的进一步细节得到下列实施例的证实,权利要求并不限于这些实施例。
图1显示通式(I)化合物,
图2显示通式(II)化合物,
图3显示通式(III)化合物,
图4显示通式(IV)化合物,
图5显示通式(V)化合物,
图6显示通式(VI)化合物,
图7显示通式(VII)化合物,
图8显示通式(VIII)化合物,
图9显示通式(IX)化合物,
图10显示通式(X)化合物,
图11显示式(1),
图12显示式(2),
图13显示式(3),
图14显示式(4),
图15显示式(A),
图16显示式(B),
图17显示式(C),
图18显示式(D),
图19显示式(E),
图20显示式(F)。
实施例1
(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈
通式(I)中,R的含义是2-嘧啶基,B表示式(1),Z表示式(A)基团。
a.)叔丁基8-(2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯——通式(V),其中R和B见上,Y是叔丁氧羰基。
将14.7g(65mmol)叔丁基8-苄基-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯(J.Med.Chem.1991,34,656)、8.93g(78mmol)2-氯嘧啶和12.7ml(85mmol)1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯溶于230ml正戊醇,在回流下加热4小时。蒸发溶剂,将残余物溶于250ml氯仿,用2×300ml水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,经过柱色谱纯化,使用正己烷-乙酸乙酯-氯仿(1∶1∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到白色晶体,用正己烷研制。收率:13.25g(67%).M.p.:113-115℃.1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ1.34(s,9H),1.49(t,2H),1.66-1.97(m,6H),3.89(br,1H),4.61(d,2H),6.60(t+br,1+1H),8.34(d,2H)。
b.)8-(2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-胺——通式(II),其中R和B见步骤1a.)
将13g(43mmol)叔丁基8-(2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯溶于120ml三氟乙酸与120ml二氯甲烷的混合物。将溶液搅拌30分钟,蒸发。将残余物溶于50ml二氯甲烷,蒸发。这种方法重复三次,最终的有机溶液用100ml饱和碳酸钠水溶液萃取。分离各层,水相用4×50ml二氯甲烷洗涤。合并有机层,经硫酸钠干燥,蒸发,得到白色粉末,用正己烷研制。收率:6.7g(77%).M.p.:56-59℃.1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.29(t,2H),1.64-1.98(m,6H),3.19(m,1H),4.58(dd,2H),6.57(t,1H),8.33(d,2H)。
c.)叔丁基(4R)-4-(氨基羰基)噻唑烷-3-羧酸酯——通式(VII),其中Z表示式(A)基团
将11.1g(47.6mmol)(4R)-3-(叔丁氧羰基)噻唑烷-4-羧酸(J.Med.Chem.1994,37,3707)溶于125ml二氯甲烷,加入8ml(57.5mmol)三乙胺。在-15℃下向所得混合物滴加5.85ml(47.6mmol)新戊酰氯,将混合物在该温度下搅拌另外1小时,然后加入12.5ml 25%氨水,继续搅拌1小时。将反应混合物连续用水、1N NaOH溶液和水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,得到5.9g(88%)预期产物,为无色的油。1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.39(s,9H),3.00和3.25(q,2×1H),4.32和4.57(q,2×1H),4.3-4.59(br,1H),7.11和7.43(s,2×1H)。
d.)(4R)-噻唑烷-4-甲酰胺盐酸盐——通式(VIII),其中Z表示式(A)基团
将9.25g(39.8mmol)叔丁基(4R)-4-(氨基羰基)噻唑烷-3-羧酸酯溶于45ml 25%氯化氢乙醇溶液,搅拌5小时。滤出所得白色晶体,用二乙醚洗涤。收率:5.42g(81%),mp.:216-217℃.1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ3.04和3.6(q,2×1H),4.8(q,2H),4.8(q,1H),7.6和8.17(s,2×1H),10.09(br,2H)。
e.)(4R)-3-(2-氯乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-甲酰胺——通式(IX),其中Z表示式(A)基团
在0℃下,向8.83g(52.3mmol)(4R)-噻唑烷-4-甲酰胺盐酸盐的180ml二氯甲烷悬液滴加14.7ml(105mmol)三乙胺,然后滴加4.46ml(56mmol)氯乙酰氯的20ml二氯甲烷溶液。将混合物搅拌30分钟,温热至室温,搅拌另外2小时。所得混合物用3×200ml水萃取,合并水相,在真空中浓缩至~1/3体积,用20%NaOH溶液调至碱性。得到预期产物,为白色晶体。收率:8.12g(75%),mp.:119-121℃.1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ3.05和3.23(q,2×1H),4.39-4.54(m,3H),4.71(d,2H),7.20和7.43(s,2×1H)
f.)(4R)-3-(2-氯乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈——通式(III),其中Z表示式(A)基团
将7.78g(37.3mmol)(4R)-3-(2-氯乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-甲酰胺悬浮在65ml无水乙腈中,向该悬液加入3.7ml无水二甲基甲酰胺,然后在-10℃下滴加3.51ml(40.6mmol)草酰氯的8ml乙腈溶液。将混合物搅拌1小时,向其中滴加6.6ml无水吡啶。搅拌1小时后,将混合物蒸发至干,残余物与水混合,用二氯甲烷萃取。合并有机相,用1∶1盐酸洗涤,然后用水洗涤。干燥和蒸发后,使预期产物从乙醇中结晶:3.09g(43%)。Mp:106-108℃.1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ3.33(d,2H),4.14(s,2H),4.69(q,2H),5.27(s,1H)。
g.)(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈
将245mg(1.2mmol)8-(2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-胺、191mg(1mmol)(4R)-3-(2-氯乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈和0.42ml(3mmol)三乙胺溶于20ml无水乙腈,在70℃下搅拌4小时,然后在室温下搅拌过夜。然后蒸发混合物,得到黄色粘稠的油,经过柱色谱纯化,使用氯仿-甲醇(9∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到固体白色产物,从二乙醚中结晶。收率:191mg(53%).M.p.:135-136℃.1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ1.33(td,2H),1.6-2.0(m,5H),3.05(tt,1H),3.32(m,2H),3.44(ddd,2H),4.63(s,2H),4.56(d,1H),4.61(m,2H),4.70(m,1H),5.23(dd,1H),6.60(t,1H),8.33(m,2H)。
实施例2
(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]-外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈二盐酸盐
通式(I)中,R代表5-氰基吡啶-2-基,B表示式(1)基团,Z代表式(A)基团。
a.)叔丁基8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯——通式(V),其中R和B见上,Y是叔丁氧羰基
将415mg(3mmol)2-氯-5-氰基吡啶、679mg(3mmol)叔丁基8-苄基-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯与0.46ml(3.1mmol)二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳烯的25ml正戊醇溶液回流8小时。在真空中蒸发所得溶液,将残余物溶于二氯甲烷,用水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥。经过色谱纯化,使用正己烷-乙酸乙酯-氯仿(2∶1∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到608mg(62%)标题产物。Mp.:141-143℃.1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.38(s,9H),1.44-1.68(t,2H),1.67-2.01(m,6H),3.88(m,1H),4.60(bs,2H),6.61(d,1H),6.80(d,1H),7.81(dd,1H),8.48(d,1H)。
b.)8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-胺——通式(II),其中R和B见步骤2a.)
将657mg(2mmol)叔丁基8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯的20ml 12%氯化氢乙醇溶液在室温下搅拌3小时。向所得白色悬液加入20ml水,得到溶液,用40%氢氧化钾碱化至pH>10,用二氯甲烷萃取。将有机相经硫酸钠干燥,蒸发。使残余物从正己烷中结晶,得到259mg(57%)标题化合物。Mp.:123-124℃.1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.26(t,2H),1.68-1.93(m,6H),3.12(m,1H),4.57(b,2H),6.78(d,1H),7.79(dd,1H),8.46(d,1H)。
c.)(4R)-3-(2-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]-外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈二盐酸盐
将114mg(0.6mmol)8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-胺和114mg(0.8mmol)(4R)-3-(2-氯乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈溶于20ml乙腈,向该溶液加入460mg(1.1mmol)PBEMP。将混合物在55℃下搅拌16小时,滤出净化树脂,蒸发滤液。残余物经过色谱纯化,使用氯仿-甲醇(9∶1)作为洗脱剂。用氯化氢乙醇溶液酸化和用二乙醚沉淀后,得到标题化合物,为白色晶体的形式:75mg(32%),mp:204-206℃.1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.70-1.78(m,4H),2.01(m,4H),3.37(m,2H),3.67(m,1H),4.07(m,1H),4.21(m,1H),4.56(d,1H),4.76-4.79(m,3H),5.33(m,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.91(dd,1H),8.53(d,1H),9.01(bs,2H)。
实施例3
(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(2-吡嗪基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈二盐酸盐
通式(I)中,R的含义是2-吡嗪基,B表示式(1)基团,Z表示式(A)基团。
a.)叔丁基8-(2-吡嗪基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯——通式(V),其中R和B见上,Y是叔丁氧羰基。
将0.54ml(6mmol)氯吡嗪、1.13g(6mmol)叔丁基8-苄基-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯和0.97ml(6.5mmol)1,8-二氮杂-二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯溶于40ml正戊醇,在回流下加热50小时。蒸发溶剂,将残余物溶于50ml氯仿,用4×30ml水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,经过柱色谱纯化,使用正己烷-乙酸乙酯-氯仿(3∶1∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到白色晶体,用正己烷研制。收率:0.55g(36%).M.p.:122-123℃.1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.34(s,9H),1.44-1.66(m,2H),1.67-1.99(m,6H),3.88(m,1H),4.56(bs,2H),6.59(d,1H),7.77(d,1H),8.07(dd,1H),8.17(d,1H)。
b.)8-(2-吡嗪基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-胺——通式(II),其中R和B见步骤3a.)
将3.84g(1.26mmol)叔丁基8-(2-吡嗪基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯溶于20ml 12%盐酸乙醇溶液,将溶液搅拌7小时。然后向所形成的悬液加入20ml水,用氢氧化钾水溶液调节pH至11。分离各层,将有机相干燥,蒸发,经过柱色谱纯化,使用乙酸乙酯-甲醇-25%氨水溶液(17∶3∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到淡黄色油。收率为167mg(65%)。1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.29(t,2H),1.62-1.83(m,4H),1.84-2.00(m,2H),3.12(s,1H),4.57(dd,2H),7.74(d,1H),8.05(dd,1H),8.15(d,1H)。
c.)(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(2-吡嗪基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈二盐酸盐
将107mg(0.52mmol)8-(2-吡嗪基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-胺和86mg(0.45mmol)(4R)-3-(2-氯乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈溶于15ml乙腈,向该溶液加入0.21ml(1.5mmol)三乙胺。将混合物在75℃下搅拌4小时,然后在真空中蒸发。残余物经过色谱纯化,使用氯仿-甲醇(6∶1)作为洗脱剂。用氯化氢乙醇溶液酸化和用二乙醚沉淀后,得到标题化合物,为白色晶体的形式:37mg(19%),mp:165-170℃.1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.76-1.80(m,4H),1.95-2.01(m,4H),3.35(m,2H),3.63(m,1H),4.05(m,1H),4.18(m,1H),4.57(d,1H),4.67(s,2H),4.78(d,1H),5.32(dd,1H),7.87(d,1H),8.15(dd,1H),8.28(d,1H),8.99(bs,2H)。
实施例4
(2S)-1-(2-{[8-(5-硝基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]-外-氨基}乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
通式(I)中,R的含义是5-硝基吡啶-2-基,B表示式(1)基团,Z表示式(B)基团。
a.)叔丁基8-(5-硝基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯——通式(V),其中R和B见上,Y是叔丁氧羰基
将476mg(3mmol)2-氯-5-硝基吡啶、679mg(3mmol)叔丁基8-苄基-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯和0.46ml(3.1mmol)1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯溶于25ml正戊醇,在回流下加热1小时。蒸发溶剂,将残余物溶于40ml氯仿,用4×40ml水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,蒸发。将固体残余物用二乙醚研制,得到黄色晶体。收率:731mg(70%).M.p.:212-214℃.1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.34(s,9H),1.41-1.54(m,2H),1.81-2.16(m,6H),4.00(m,1H),4.75(bs,2H),6.63(d,1H),6.82(d,1H),8.21(dd,1H),8.98(d,1H)。
b.)8-(5-硝基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-胺——通式(II),其中R和B见步骤4a.)
将651mg叔丁基8-(5-硝基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-氨基甲酸酯(1.87mmol)溶于20ml 12%盐酸乙醇溶液,将溶液搅拌3小时。在冷却下,加入90ml 1N氢氧化钠,形成悬液,用4×50ml二氯甲烷萃取。分离各层,将有机相干燥,蒸发,残余物用正己烷研制,得到黄色晶体。收率为426mg(92%)。M.p.:175-178℃.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO-d6):δ1.29(t,2H),1.68-1.98(m,6H),3.17(m,1H),4.64(dd,2H),6.44(d,1H),8.12(dd,1H),8.95(d,1H)。
c.)(2S)-1-(2-{[8-(5-硝基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]-外-氨基}乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
如实施例2c.)所述,在450mg(1.13mmol)PBEMP的20ml乙腈溶液的存在下,使112mg(0.45mmol)8-(5-硝基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-胺与103mg(0.54mmol)(2S)-1-(2-氯乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈(J.Med.Chem.2002,45,2362)反应。经过操作和色谱纯化(氯仿-甲醇9∶1)后,使产物从乙酸乙酯中结晶:75mg(41%)。Mp.:177-179℃。1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.34(t,2H),1.88(m,3H),1.93-2.01(m,6H),2.11(m,2H),3.07(m,1H),3.32(m,1H),3.38(m,1H),3.55(m,1H),4.50(b,1H),4.71(m,1H),4.92(b,1H),6.81(d,1H),8.20(dd,1H),8.97(d,1H)。
实施例5
(4S)-3-(2-{[8-(嘧啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)-1,3-噁唑烷-4-腈
通式(I)中,R的含义是嘧啶-2-基,B表示式(1)基团,Z表示式(C)基团。
a.)叔丁基(4S)-4-(氨基羰基)-1,3-噁唑烷-3-羧酸酯——通式(VII),其中Z表示式(C)基团
将15.8g(73mmol)(4S)-3-(叔丁氧羰基)-1,3-噁唑烷-4-羧酸(Tetrahedron,1994,50,13493)溶于100ml二氯甲烷,向该溶液加入8ml(73mmol)4-甲基吗啉。在-15℃下向所得混合物滴加7ml(73mmol)氯甲酸乙酯,将混合物在该温度下搅拌1小时,然后滴加30ml 25%氨水溶液,将混合物搅拌1小时。将反应混合物用水、1N NaOH溶液、再用水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,蒸发。加入二乙醚后,结晶出9.10g(58%)上述产物。M.p.:95-96℃。1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ1.49(s,9H),4.13(m,1H),4.37(m,2H),4.80(d,1H),4.98(d,1H),5.67(bs,1H)6.58(bs,1H)。
b.)(4S)-1,3-噁唑烷-4-甲酰胺盐酸盐——通式(VIII),其中Z表示式(C)基团
将5.4g(15.7mmol)叔丁基(4S)-4-(氨基羰基)-1,3-噁唑烷-3-羧酸酯溶于25ml 25%氯化氢乙醇溶液,在室温下搅拌4小时。向所得悬液加入150ml二乙醚,滤出所得白色结晶性产物。得到3.74g(98%)上述产物。M.p.:155-158℃。1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ4.00(m,1H),4.21-4.39(m,2H),4.68(d,1H),4.77(d,1H),7.82(s,1H),8.17(s,1H),10.12(br,2H).
c.)(4S)-3-(2-氯乙酰基)-1,3-噁唑烷-4-甲酰胺——通式(IX),其中Z表示式(C)基团
将2.82g(18mmol)(4S)-1,3-噁唑烷-4-甲酰胺盐酸盐悬浮在50ml二氯甲烷中,向该悬液加入5.6ml(40mmol)三乙胺。在-10℃下向所得混合物滴加1.60ml(20mmol)氯乙酰氯的20ml二氯甲烷溶液。搅拌2小时后,将悬液倒入500ml乙酸乙酯,滤出所沉淀的三乙胺盐酸盐,蒸发滤液,使残余物从二氯甲烷中结晶。得到2.30g(65%)上述产物,为米黄色晶体的形式。M.p.:131-133℃.1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ3.91(m,1H),4.06-4.16(m,2H),4.20-4.40(m,2H),5.00(q,2H),7.20和7.45(s,2×1H).
d.)(4S)-3-(2-氯乙酰基)-1,3-噁唑烷-4-腈——通式(III),其中Z表示式(C)基团
将2.12g(11mmol)(4S)-3-(2-氯乙酰基)-1,3-噁唑烷-4-甲酰胺溶于200ml二氯甲烷和20ml乙腈,然后向其中加入2.62ml(28mmol)磷酰氯。将混合物加热24小时(如果有剩余的原料,那么进一步回流)。在回流期间,溶液变为红色,沉淀出粘性固体产物。滗析溶液,向其中加入50g碳酸钾。搅拌1小时后,滤出固体盐,蒸发溶液。接收红色的油,用柱色谱纯化(二氯甲烷-甲醇9∶1)。收集白色晶体,用二乙醚研制。收率:1.1g(5 3%).M.p.:99-100℃.1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ3.88-4.10(m,2H),4.10-4.32(m,2H),4.76(m,1H),5.08(q,2H).
e.)(4S)-3-(2-{[8-(嘧啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)-1,3-噁唑烷-4-腈
将245mg(1.2mmol)8-(2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-胺、175mg(1mmol)(4S)-3-(2-氯乙酰基)-1,3-噁唑烷-4-腈和0.42ml(3mmol)三乙胺溶于20ml无水乙腈,在70℃下搅拌4小时,然后在室温下搅拌过夜。然后蒸发混合物,得到黄色浓稠的油,经过柱色谱纯化,使用二氯甲烷-甲醇(9∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到固体白色产物,从二乙醚中结晶。收率:248mg(73%).M.p.:122-125℃。1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ1.60(td,2H),1.72-1.92(m,4H),2.07(t,2H),3.13(m,1H),3.37(s,2H),3.49(s,1H),3.55(b,1H),4.80(m,3H),5.03(d,1H),6.52(t,1H),8.32(dd,2H)。
实施例6
(2S)-1-(2-{[8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-2-腈二盐酸盐
通式(I)中,R的含义是5-氰基吡啶-2-基,B表示式(1)基团,Z表示式(D)基团。
a.)叔丁基(2S)-2-(氨基羰基)-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-羧酸酯——通式(VII),其中Z表示式(D)基团。
向4.04g(18.9mmol)(2S)-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-2-羧酸(J.Org.Chem.1994,59,5192)的60ml二氯甲烷溶液加入2.9ml(21mmol)三乙胺。在-5℃下滴加新戊酰氯(2.4ml,20mmol)的9ml二氯甲烷溶液,将混合物在该温度下搅拌1小时,然后加入9.5ml 25%氨水溶液,将混合物搅拌4小时。将反应混合物用3×100ml水洗涤。合并水层,用7×50ml二氯甲烷萃取。合并有机层,经硫酸钠干燥,蒸发。油性产物缓慢结晶。得到3.09g(77%)上述产物。M.p.:127-133℃。1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.36(s,9H),4.07(m,2H),4.70(m,1H),5.70(m,1H),5.95(m,1H),6.99(br,1H),7.38(br,1H)。
b.)(2S)-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-2-甲酰胺盐酸盐——通式(VIII),其中Z表示式(D)基团
将6.27g(29.5mmol)叔丁基(2S)-2-(氨基羰基)-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-羧酸酯溶于170ml 25%氯化氢乙醇溶液,在室温下搅拌6.5小时。向所得悬液加入二乙醚(300ml),滤出所得白色结晶性产物。得到2.98g(70%)上述产物。M.p.:181-184℃。1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ4.00(m,2H),4.94(s,1H),5.97(s,2H),7.77(s,1H),8.29(s,1H),8.71(br,1H),10.87(br,1H)。
c.)(2S)-1-(2-氯乙酰基)-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-2-甲酰胺——通式(IX),其中Z表示式(D)基团
在-5℃以下,向0.44g(3mmol)(2S)-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-2-甲酰胺盐酸盐的20ml二氯甲烷溶液加入4.1ml(29.3mmol)三乙胺。向该混合物滴加0.66g(6.5mmol)氯乙酰氯的10ml二氯甲烷溶液。在-5℃下搅拌30分钟和在室温下搅拌3小时后,蒸发悬液。将残余物悬浮在50ml乙酸乙酯中,滤出,用乙酸乙酯洗涤。蒸发滤液,残余物经过色谱纯化,以二氯甲烷-甲醇(40∶1→10∶1)作为洗脱剂。得到0.26g(46%)上述产物,为无色的油。1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ4.32(m,2H),4.37(q,2H),4.85(m,主峰)和5.12(m,副峰)(1H),5.83(m,1H),6.02(m,1H),7.01(br,主峰)和7.33(br,副峰)(1H),7.38(br,主峰)和7.69(br,副峰)(1H)。
d.)(2S)-1-(2-氯乙酰基)-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-2-腈——通式(III),其中Z表示式(D)基团
在-5℃下,向0.25g(1.32mmol)(2S)-1-(2-氯乙酰基)-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-2-甲酰胺的8ml乙腈与0.15ml二甲基甲酰胺溶液滴加0.13ml(1.45mmol)磷酰氯的2ml乙腈溶液。将混合物在室温下搅拌4小时,然后用50ml二氯甲烷稀释,用水和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,干燥,蒸发。残余物经过色谱纯化,以二氯甲烷-甲醇(100∶1)作为洗脱剂。收率:84mg(37%),无色的油。1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ4.08(s,2H),4.48(m,2H),5.40和5.60(m,1H),5.86(m,副峰)和5.92(m,主峰)(1H),6.15(m,主峰)和6.24(m,副峰)(1H)。
e.)(2S)-1-(2-{[8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-2-腈二盐酸盐
向0.25g(1.1mmol)8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-胺与0.16ml(1.2mmol)三乙胺的10ml乙腈溶液加入0.17g(1mmol)(2S)-1-(2-氯乙酰基)-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-2-腈,将反应混合物在70℃下搅拌3小时。蒸发反应混合物,将残余物溶于50ml二氯甲烷,然后用水洗涤,干燥,蒸发。残余物经过色谱纯化,使用CH2Cl2-MeOH(10∶1)混合物作为洗脱剂。用氯化氢乙醇溶液酸化和用二乙醚沉淀后,得到标题化合物,为白色晶体的形式:174mg(39%),mp:305-9℃。1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.76(m,4H),1.99(m,4H),4.05(t,2H),4.39(m,2H),4.71(br,1H),5.56(m,1H),6.00(m,1H),6.28(m,1H),6.90(d,1H),7.92(dd,1H),8.55(d,1H),9.00(br,2H)。
实施例7
(2S,4R)-4-羟基-1-(2-{[8-(嘧啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈二盐酸盐
通式(I)中,R的含义是嘧啶-2-基,B表示式(1)基团,Z表示式(E)基团。
a.)叔丁基(2S,4R)-2-(氨基羰基)-4-羟基吡咯烷-1-羧酸酯——通式(VII),其中Z表示式(E)基团
将36.32g(157mmol)(2S,4R)-1-(叔丁氧羰基)-4-羟基-吡咯烷-2-羧酸(Aldrich)溶于450ml四氢呋喃,向该溶液加入24ml(172mmol)三乙胺。在-10℃下向所得混合物滴加16.3ml(172mmol)氯甲酸乙酯,在同一温度下搅拌1小时。保持温度低于-5℃,滴加110ml 25%氨水溶液,将混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。将反应混合物倒入270ml饱和氯化铵溶液。分离后,水层用2×50ml四氢呋喃萃取。合并有机溶液,经硫酸钠干燥,蒸发。加入二乙醚后,结晶出21.19g(59%)上述产物。M.p.:130-132℃。(MH+)=231。
b.)(2S,4R)-1-(2-氯乙酰基)-4-羟基吡咯烷-2-腈——通式(III),其中Z表示式(E)基团
(2S,4R)-1-(叔丁氧羰基)-4-羟基吡咯烷-2-腈
将7.82g(34mmol)叔丁基(2S,4R)-2-(氨基羰基)-4-羟基吡咯烷-1-羧酸酯溶于80ml吡啶,在-20℃下向该溶液滴加12ml(84mmol)三氟乙酸酐。将混合物在室温下搅拌一天。加入几滴水,水解过量的酸酐。向该混合物加入200ml乙酸乙酯,用10%氯化氢水溶液(至pH 3-5)、50ml2N氢氧化钠溶液和50ml盐水洗涤。将有机溶液经硫酸钠干燥,蒸发,得到油。收率:5.35g(74%)。(MH+)=213,(MH+)2=426。
(2S,4R)-4-羟基吡咯烷-2-腈4-甲基苯磺酸盐
将6.40g(30mmol)(2S,4R)-1-(叔丁氧羰基)-4-羟基-吡咯烷-2-腈溶于100ml乙腈,向该溶液加入8.56g(45mmol)4-甲基苯磺酸一水合物。将混合物在室温下搅拌24小时,在减压下蒸发。向所得褐色的油加入500ml二乙醚。搅拌10分钟,在冰箱中保持一夜。滤出所得白色结晶性产物,用二乙醚洗涤。得到6.31g(73%)上述产物。M.p.:110-113℃。
(2S,4R)-1-(2-氯乙酰基)-4-羟基吡咯烷-2-腈
将6.31g(22mmol)(2S,4R)-4-羟基吡咯烷-2-甲腈4-甲基苯磺酸盐悬浮在37ml二氯甲烷中,向其中加入4.1ml(48mmol)三乙胺。保持混合物的温度在-10℃以下,向其中滴加2.1ml(26mmol)氯乙酰氯的28ml二氯甲烷溶液。搅拌2小时后,将悬液倒入450ml乙酸乙酯中,滤出沉淀,蒸发滤液,经过柱色谱纯化,使用含线性梯度甲醇的二氯甲烷(0→20%v/v)作为洗脱剂。得到3.51g(84%)上述产物,为无色的油。(MH+)=189。
c.)(2S,4R)-4-羟基-1-(2-{[8-(嘧啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
将204mg(1mmol)8-(2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基-外-胺、189mg(1mmol)(2S,4R)-1-(2-氯乙酰基)-4-羟基吡咯烷-2-腈和0.25ml(1.8mmol)三乙胺溶于15ml无水乙腈,在70℃下搅拌5小时,然后在室温下搅拌过夜。在减压下除去乙腈,将残余物溶于15ml二氯甲烷和15ml盐水。分离后,水层用二氯甲烷洗涤,合并有机溶液,干燥,蒸发。所生成的褐色油经过柱色谱纯化,使用含线性梯度甲醇的二氯甲烷(0→20%v/v)作为洗脱剂。将所蒸发的产物用正己烷处理。收率:133mg(38%).M.p.:165-167℃,(MH+)=357。1H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ1.35(td,2H),1.6-2.0(m,7H),2.20(dd,2H),3.02(m,1H),3.3-3.6(m,2H),3.61(dd,1H),4.35(dd,1H),4.61-4.67(m,3H),5.30(d,1H),6.60(t,1H),8.34(m,2H)。
实施例8
(2S)-4-氧代-1-(2-{[8-(嘧啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈二盐酸盐
通式(I)中,R的含义是嘧啶-2-基,B表示式(1)基团,Z表示式(F)基团。
将357mg(1mmol)(2S,4R)-4-羟基-1-(2-{[8-(嘧啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈溶于20ml丙酮。在低于0℃的温度下,向搅拌着的溶液滴加1.25ml 8N琼斯(Jones)试剂溶液。将混合物在同一温度下搅拌16小时。滗析溶液,将粘性黑色固体用2×5ml丙酮洗涤。合并丙酮溶液,加入饱和碳酸钾溶液至pH10。除去丙酮,残余物用3×20m乙酸乙酯萃取。合并萃取液,用15ml盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,蒸发。褐色的油经过柱色谱纯化,使用含线性梯度甲醇的二氯甲烷(0→50%v/v)作为洗脱剂。所蒸发的产物是黄色的油。收率:77mg(22%)。(MH+)=355。
按照实施例1-8所述工艺,制备表1所列化合物,为游离碱或盐。
表1
图1
按照实施例1a)、2a)、3a)和4a)所述工艺,制备表2所列化合物V。
表2
图5
按照实施例1b)、2b)、3b)和4b)所述工艺,制备表3所列化合物II。
表3
R-B-NH2
(II)
图2
Claims (20)
1、通式(I)化合物及其盐、异构体、互变体、水合物或溶剂化物,
其中R表示:
-含氮单环或二环芳族部分,由一个或两个芳环组成,优选吡啶基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、咪唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噁二唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、苯并咪唑基、吲唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并噁唑基或苯并异噁唑基环,它们可选地独立地被一个或两个下列基团单-或二-取代:C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤原子、三卤代甲基、甲硫基、硝基、氰基、C2-5烷氧基羰基或甲酰氨基;或者
-对-甲苯磺酰基;或者
-R1a-CH2-基团,其中R1a的含义是氢、C1-4烷基、苯基、苄基、苯乙基、苯乙烯基、萘基、吡啶基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、噻吩基、呋喃基或对-甲苯磺酰基部分,其可选独立地被一个或多个C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、亚烷二氧基、卤原子、三卤代甲基、硝基或氰基取代;或者
-R1b-CO-基团,其中R1b的含义是C1-4烷基、苯基、苄基、苯乙基、苯乙烯基、萘基、吡啶基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基或喹喔啉基部分,其可选独立地被一个或多个C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、亚烷二氧基、卤原子、三卤代甲基、硝基或氰基取代;单-或二-取代的氨基、饱和的含N杂环部分,优选含有吡咯烷子基、哌啶子基、哌嗪子基或吗啉代基环的基团;
B代表根据式(1)或(2)或(3)或(4)的基团;
Z代表式(A)或(B)或(C)或(D)或(E)或(F)基团。
2、如权利要求1所定义的通式(I)化合物及其盐、异构体、互变体、水合物或溶剂化物,
其中R表示:
-含氮单环或二环芳族部分,由1个或两个芳环组成,优选吡啶基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、咪唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噁二唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、苯并咪唑基、吲唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并噁唑基或苯并异噁唑基环,它们可选独立地被一个或两个下列基团单-或二-取代:C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤原子、三卤代甲基、甲硫基、硝基、氰基;或者
-对-甲苯磺酰基;或者
-R1a-CH2-基团,其中R1a的含义是氢、C1-4烷基、苯基、苄基、苯乙基、苯乙烯基、萘基、吡啶基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、噻吩基、呋喃基或对-甲苯磺酰基部分,其可选独立地被一个或多个C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、亚烷二氧基、卤原子、三卤代甲基、硝基或氰基取代;或者
-R1b-CO-基团,其中R1b的含义是C1-4烷基、苯基、苄基、苯乙基、苯乙烯基、萘基、吡啶基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基或喹喔啉基部分,其任选独立地被一个或多个C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、亚烷二氧基、卤原子、三卤代甲基、硝基或氰基取代;单-或二-取代的氨基、饱和的含N杂环部分,优选含有吡咯烷子基、哌啶子基、哌嗪子基或吗啉代基环的基团;
B代表根据式(1)或(2)或(3)或(4)的基团;
Z代表式(A)或(B)或(C)或(D)或(E)或(F)基团。
3、如权利要求1所定义的通式(I)化合物及其盐、异构体、互变体、水合物或溶剂化物,其中R表示:
-嘧啶基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、苯并噻唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并噁唑基、苯并异噁唑基,它们在给定情况下彼此独立地被一个或两个下列基团单-或二-取代:C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤原子、硝基、氰基、C2-5烷氧基羰基或甲酰氨基;或者
-对-甲苯磺酰基;或者
-R1a-CH2-基团,其中R1a的含义是苄基或苯乙烯基,在给定情况下独立地被一个或多个C1-4烷基或亚烷二氧基取代;或者
-R1b-CO基团,其中R1b的含义是苯基、苄基、苯乙基、苯乙烯基或哌啶子基,它们在给定的情况下彼此独立地被亚烷二氧基取代;
B代表式(1)或(2)或(3)或(4)基团;
Z代表式(A)或(B)基团。
4、如权利要求1所定义的通式(I)化合物及其盐、异构体、互变体、水合物或溶剂化物,其中R表示:
-嘧啶基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、苯并噻唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并噁唑基、苯并异噁唑基,它们在给定情况下彼此独立地被一个或两个下列基团单-或二-取代:C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤原子、硝基、氰基;或者对-甲苯磺酰基;或者
R1a-CH2-基团,其中R1a的含义是苄基或苯乙烯基,其在给定情况下独立地被一个或多个C1-4烷基或亚烷二氧基取代;或者
R1b-CO-基团,其中R1b的含义是苯基、苄基、苯乙基、苯乙烯基或哌啶子基,它们在给定的情况下彼此独立地被亚烷二氧基取代;
B代表式(1)或(2)或(3)或(4)基团;
Z代表式(A)或(B)基团。
5、如权利要求1所定义的通式(I)化合物及其盐、异构体、互变体、水合物或溶剂化物,其中R表示被硝基或氰基取代的嘧啶基或吡啶基或吡嗪基,B表示式(1)或(2)基团,Z表示式(A)或(B)基团。
6、(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈。
7、(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈。
8、(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(5-氰基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]内-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈。
9、(4R)-3-(2-{[8-(2-吡嗪基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)噻唑烷-4-腈。
10、(2S)-1-(2-{[8-(5-硝基吡啶-2-基)-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基]外-氨基}乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈。
11、药物组合物,其特征在于含有通式(I)化合物——其中R、B和Z的含义与权利要求1所定义的相同——或者其异构体或溶剂化物的游离化合物或盐的形式,和至少一种药学上可接受的载体材料或稀释剂。
12、通式(I)化合物——其中R、B和Z的含义与权利要求1所定义的相同——的制备方法,其特征在于使通式(II)化合物——其中R的含义是如上所定义的——与通式(III)化合物——其中Z的含义是如上所定义的——反应,再从反应混合物中分离所得通式(I)化合物或其盐。
13、通式(I)化合物——其中R、B和Z的含义是如权利要求1所定义的——在药物组合物制备中的用途,所述组合物适合于抑制DPP-IV酶活性,从而适合于治疗与DPP-IV酶浓度有关的疾病。
14、抑制DPP-IV酶和治疗与DPP-IV酶浓度有关的疾病的方法,其特征在于施用治疗有效量的为游离化合物或盐形式的如权利要求1所定义的通式(I)化合物。
15、通式(II)化合物——其中R和B的含义是如权利要求1所定义的——和它们的盐。
16、通式(V)化合物——其中R的含义是如权利要求1所定义的,Y表示叔丁氧羰基。
17、通式(VII)化合物——其中Z的含义是如权利要求1所定义的。
18、通式(VIII)化合物——其中Z的含义是如权利要求1所定义的——和它们的盐。
19、通式(IX)化合物——其中Z的含义是如权利要求1所定义的。
20、通式(III)化合物——其中Z的含义是如权利要求1所定义的。
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IL165434A0 (en) | 2006-01-15 |
HUP0202001D0 (zh) | 2002-08-28 |
JP4502804B2 (ja) | 2010-07-14 |
PL372799A1 (en) | 2005-08-08 |
US20110118305A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
HUP0202001A2 (hu) | 2005-08-29 |
IS7638A (is) | 2005-01-12 |
RS109104A (en) | 2007-02-05 |
WO2003106456A3 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
JP2005532369A (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
US20050153973A1 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
KR20050016551A (ko) | 2005-02-21 |
ATE495162T1 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
WO2003106456A2 (en) | 2003-12-24 |
HRP20050027A2 (en) | 2006-02-28 |
KR100756761B1 (ko) | 2007-09-07 |
BR0311771A (pt) | 2005-03-29 |
AU2003244880B2 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
CN100347170C (zh) | 2007-11-07 |
EP1517907B1 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
NZ537633A (en) | 2006-08-31 |
EP1517907A2 (en) | 2005-03-30 |
ZA200409907B (en) | 2006-08-30 |
EA008166B1 (ru) | 2007-04-27 |
EA200500017A1 (ru) | 2005-06-30 |
DE60335717D1 (de) | 2011-02-24 |
US7781455B2 (en) | 2010-08-24 |
NO20050199L (no) | 2005-03-04 |
MXPA04012691A (es) | 2005-08-15 |
AU2003244880A1 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
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