CN1905868A - Dpp-iv抑制剂 - Google Patents
Dpp-iv抑制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1905868A CN1905868A CNA2004800404476A CN200480040447A CN1905868A CN 1905868 A CN1905868 A CN 1905868A CN A2004800404476 A CNA2004800404476 A CN A2004800404476A CN 200480040447 A CN200480040447 A CN 200480040447A CN 1905868 A CN1905868 A CN 1905868A
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- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- chemical compound
- randomly
- phenyl
- independently
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- HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N (2s,4r)-4-[(3r,5s,6r,7r,8s,9s,10s,13r,14s,17r)-6-ethyl-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H]1[C@@H](CC)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)C[C@H](C)C(O)=O)CC[C@H]21 HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
本发明涉及结构式(I)的化合物:其中Z、R1-5、X、n、A1和A2具有说明书和权利要求中所述的含义。所述的化合物可以用作DPP-IV抑制剂。本发明还涉及这些化合物的制备及其作为药剂的制造和用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一类新型的二肽基肽酶抑制剂,包括其药物可接受盐和前药,它们可以用作治疗性化合物,特别是用于治疗2型糖尿病(通常称为非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM))和通常与该疾病有关的症状,例如肥胖和血脂异常。本发明还涉及这些抑制剂的制备方法。
背景技术
糖尿病是指由多种病因因素引发的疾病,其特征为在空腹状态下或者在口服葡萄糖耐量试验过程中用葡萄糖给药后血糖浓度升高或出现高血糖。持久或不受控制的高血糖症关系到发病率和死亡率升高并过早。经常异常的葡萄糖体内平衡直接且间接地与脂质、脂蛋白和载脂蛋白的代谢及其它的代谢和血液动力疾病有关。因此,2型糖尿病患者更容易患大血管和微血管并发症,包括冠心病、中风、周围血管疾病、高血压、肾病、神经病和视网膜病。因此,对葡萄糖体内平衡、脂类代谢和高血压的治疗控制在糖尿病临床管理和治疗中极其重要。
糖尿病有两种公认的形式。在1型或胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM)中,患者几乎或完全不产生胰岛素,而胰岛素是调节葡萄糖利用的激素。在2型或非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM)中,患者的血浆胰岛素水平通常与非糖尿病受试者相同或更高。这些患者对胰岛素在主要的胰岛素敏感组织(即肌肉、肝和脂肪组织)中对葡萄糖和脂类代谢的激发作用产生抵抗。而且,血浆胰岛素水平虽然升高,却不足以克服明显的胰岛素抵抗。
胰岛素抵抗并非主要由胰岛素受体数量减少引起,还由于尚未了解的后胰岛素受体结合缺陷(post-insulin receptor binding defect)而引起。这种对胰岛素反应性的抵抗导致肌肉中葡萄糖吸收、氧化和储存的胰岛素活性不足,并导致脂肪组织内脂解的胰岛素阻抑(repression)和肝脏内葡萄糖生成和分泌的胰岛素阻抑不足。
2型糖尿病的有效治疗多年来没有实质性改变,它们具有公认的局限性。尽管体育锻炼和降低饮食中卡路里的摄入会明显改善糖尿病状况,但是由于长期确立的缺乏运动的生活方式和过量食物(尤其是含大量饱和脂肪的食物)的消耗,这种治疗的依从性很差。通过用刺激胰β-细胞分泌更多胰岛素的磺酰脲(例如甲苯磺丁脲(tolbutamide)和格列甲嗪(glipizide))或meglitinide给药,和/或在磺酰脲或meglitinide变无效时注射胰岛素来提高血浆胰岛素水平,可以使胰岛素浓度足够高以刺激非常抵抗胰岛素的组织。然而,用胰岛素或胰岛素促分泌素
(磺酰脲或meglitinide)给药可以导致危险的低血糖浓度,并且可能由于血浆胰岛素水平更高而导致胰岛素抵抗的水平增高。双胍(biguanide)提高了胰岛素敏感性,从而在一定程度上校正了高血糖。然而,苯乙双胍和二甲双胍这两种双胍可以引发乳酸性酸中毒和恶心/腹泻。二甲双胍比苯乙双胍副作用小,经常作为处方用于2型糖尿病的治疗。
格列酮(glitazones)(即(5-苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮)是近来描述的一类可以改善2型糖尿病许多症状的化合物。在若干患有2型糖尿病的动物模型中,这些试剂充分提高了肌肉、肝脏和脂肪组织中的胰岛素敏感性,从而在不会发生低血糖的情况下部分或完全地校正升高的血糖浓度。目前市场上的格列酮是过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)(主要是PPAR-γ亚型)的激动剂。PPPAR-γ激动(agonism)通常被认为是使用格列酮时观察到的胰岛素敏化作用改善的原因。正在试验用于治疗2型糖尿病的更新型的PPAR激动剂是α-、γ-或δ-亚型或其组合的激动剂,它们在许多情况下在化学上与格列酮不同(即,它们不是噻唑烷二酮)。使用某些格列酮如troglitazone会产生严重的副作用(如肝中毒)。
治疗疾病的其它方法仍然在研究中。近来提出或仍在开发的新型生物方法包括用α-葡糖苷酶抑制剂(如阿卡波糖)和蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶-IB(PTP-1B)抑制剂进行治疗。
可以用于治疗糖尿病,特别是2型糖尿病的药物二肽基肽酶-IV(DPP-IV)酶抑制剂化合物也正在研究当中。例如,参见WO-A-97/40832、WO-A-98/19998、WO-A-03/180和WO-A-03/181。DPP-IV抑制剂在2型糖尿病的治疗中的有用性是基于下述事实——DPP-IV在活体内容易使胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)和肠抑胃肽(GIP)失活。GLP-1和GIP是消耗食物时产生的肠促胰岛素。肠促胰岛素刺激胰岛素的产生。对DPP-IV的抑制降低了肠促胰岛素的失活,这反过来提高了肠促胰岛素通过胰腺刺激胰岛素产生的效率。因此,DPP-IV抑制提高了血清胰岛素浓度。有利地,由于身体仅在消耗食物时生成肠促胰岛素,DPP-IV抑制被认为不会在不适当的时间(例如两餐之间)提高胰岛素含量,在不适当的时间提高胰岛素含量可以导致血糖过低(低血糖)。因此,DPP-IV抑制被认为可以在不提高低血糖风险(这是与使用胰岛素促分泌素有关的危险副作用)的情况下增加胰岛素。
如本申请其它地方所述,DPP-IV抑制剂还可以具有其它治疗效用。迄今为止尚未充分研究DPP-IV抑制剂,尤其是用于糖尿病以外的效用。需要新型的化合物,以寻找治疗糖尿病和其它可能疾病及症状用的改进的DDP-IV抑制剂。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一类新型的DPP-IV抑制剂,其可以有效地治疗2型糖尿病和其它DPP-IV调节的疾病。
因此,本发明提供如权利要求中所定义的分子式(I)的新型化合物。
优选地,本发明提供分子式(I)的新型化合物或其药物可接受盐:
其中,
Z选自
苯基;
萘基
C3-7环烷基;
杂环;和
杂双环;
其中Z任选地被一个或互相独立的多个下列基团取代:
卤素;
CN;
OH;
=O,此处环至少部分饱和;
C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;和
O-C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
R1、R2、R4、R5互相独立地选自
H;
F;
OH;
C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;和
O-C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
和/或R1和R2任选地一起形成C3-7环烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
和/或R2和R3任选地一起形成C3-7环烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
和/或R3和R4任选地一起形成C3-7环烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
和/或R4和R5任选地一起形成C3-7环烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
R3为H或C1-6烷基;
X选自
H;
F;和
C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
n为0、1或2;
A1、A2互相独立地选自
H;
卤素;
C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;和
R6;条件是A1和A2中的一个是R6;
R6为-C(R7R8)-Y-T;
R7、R8互相独立地选自
H;
F;和
C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
和/或R7和R8任选地一起形成C3-7环烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
Y选自
-O-;
-C1-6烷基-O-;
-N(R9)-;
-C1-6烷基-N-(R9)-;
-S-;
-C1-6烷基-S-;
-S(O)-;
-C1-6烷基-S(O)-;
-S(O)2-;和
-C1-6烷基-S(O)2-;
其中各C1-6烷基任选地被一个或多个F取代;
R9、T互相独立地为T1-T2或T2;
T1选自
-C1-6烷基-;
-C1-6烷基-O-;
-C1-6烷基-N(R10)-;
-C(O)-;
-C(O)-C1-6烷基-;
-C(O)-C1-6烷基-O-;
-C(O)-C1-6烷基-N(R10)-;
-C(O)O-;
-C(O)O-C1-6烷基-;
-C(O)O-C1-6烷基-O-;
-C(O)O-C1-6烷基-N(R10)-;
-C(O)N(R10)-;
-C(O)N(R10)-C1-6烷基-;
-C(O)N(R10)-C1-6烷基-O-;
-C(O)N(R10)-C1-6烷基-N(R11)-;
-S(O)2-;
-S(O)2-C1-6烷基-;
-S(O)2-C1-6烷基-O-;和
-S(O)2-C1-6烷基-N(R10)-;
其中各C1-6烷基任选地被一个或多个F取代;
R10、R11互相独立地为H或C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
T2选自
H;
苯基;
萘基;
其中苯基和萘基任选地被一个,或互相独立地被多个下列基团取代:
卤素;
CN;
R12;
COOH;
OH;
C(O)NH2;
S(O)2NH2;
COOT3;
OT3;
C(O)NHT3;
S(O)2NHT3;或
T3;
C3-7环烷基;
杂环;和
杂双环;
其中C3-7环烷基、杂环和杂双环任选地被一个,或互相独立地被多个下列基团取代:
卤素;
CN;
R13;
OH;
=O,此处环至少部分饱和;
NH2;
COOH;
C(O)NH2;
S(O)2NH2;
COOT3;
OT3;
C(O)NHT3;
S(O)2NHT3;
NHT3;或
T3;
R12选自
C1-6烷基;
O-C1-6烷基;
COO-C1-6烷基;
OC(O)-C1-6烷基;
C(O)N(R15)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2N(R17)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2-C1-6烷基;和
N(R18)S(O)2-C1-6烷基;
其中各C1-6烷基任选被一个,或互相独立地被多个F、COOR19、C(O)N(R20R21)、S(O)2N(R22R23)、OR24、N(R25R26)、T3、O-T3或N(R27)-T3取代;
R13选自
C1-6烷基;
O-C1-6烷基;
N(R14)-C1-6烷基;
COO-C1-6烷基;
OC(O)-C1-6烷基;
C(O)N(R15)-C1-6烷基;
N(R16)-C(O)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2N(R17)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2-C1-6烷基;和
N(R18)S(O)2-C1-6烷基;
其中各C1-6烷基任选地被一个,或互相独立地被多个F、COOR19、C(O)N(R20R21)、S(O)2N(R22R23)、OR24、N(R25R26)、T3、O-T3或N(R27)-T3取代;
R14、R15、R16、R17、R18、R19、R20、R21、R22、R23、R24、R25、R26、R27互相独立地为H或C1-6烷基;
T3选自
苯基;
萘基;
其中苯基和萘基任选地被一个,或互相独立地被多个下列基团取代:
卤素;
CN;
COOH;
OH;
C(O)NH2;
S(O)2NH2;
C1-6烷基;
O-C1-6烷基;
COO-C1-6烷基;
OC(O)-C1-6烷基;
C(O)N(R28)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2N(R29)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2-C1-6烷基;或
N(R30)S(O)2-C1-6烷基;
杂环;
杂双环;和
C3-7环烷基;
其中C3-7环烷基、杂环和杂双环任选地被一个,或互相独立地被多个下列基团取代:
卤素;
CN;
OH;
=O,此处环至少部分饱和;
NH2;
COOH;
C(O)NH2;
S(O)2NH2;
C1-6烷基;
O-C1-6烷基;
N(R31)-C1-6烷基;
COO-C1-6烷基;
OC(O)-C1-6烷基;
C(O)N(R32)-C1-6烷基;
N(R33)-C(O)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2N(R34)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2-C1-6烷基;或
-N(R35)S(O)2-C1-6烷基。
本发明使用的术语含义如下:
“烷基”是指可以含有双键或叁键的直链或支链的碳链。通常,优选地,烷基不含双键或叁键。“C1-6烷基”是指具有1-6个碳原子的烷基链,例如甲基、乙基、-CH=CH2、-C≡CH、正丙基、异丙基、-CH=CH-CH3、-CH2-CH=CH2、正丁基、异丁基、-CH=CH-CH2-CH3、-CH=CH-CH=CH2、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊烷、正己烷,或者在当中,例如,-CH2-、-CH2-CH2、-CH=CH-、-CH(CH3)-、-C(CH2)-、-CH2-CH2-CH2-、-CH(C2H5)-、-CH(CH3)2-。C1-6烷基碳的每个氢都可以被取代基取代。
“C3-7环烷基”是指具有3-7个碳原子的环烷基链,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环己烯基、环庚基。环烷基碳的每个氢都可以被取代基取代。
“卤素”是指氟、氯、溴或碘。通常,卤素优选为氟或氯。
“杂环”是指可以含有至多最大数目双键的环戊烷、环己烷或环庚烷环(完全饱和、部分不饱和或不饱和的芳香环或非芳香环),其中至少一个碳原子、至多4个碳原子被选自硫(包括-S(O)-、-S(O)2-)、氧和氮(包括=N(O)-)的杂原子代替,并且其中的环经由碳或氮原子与分子的剩余部分连接。杂环的例子有呋喃、噻吩、吡咯、吡咯啉、咪唑、咪唑啉、吡唑、吡唑啉、噁唑、噁唑啉、异噁唑、异噁唑啉、噻唑、噻唑啉、异噻唑、异噻唑啉、噻二唑、二氢噻二唑、四氢呋喃、四氢噻吩、吡咯烷、咪唑烷、吡唑烷、噁唑烷、异噁唑烷、噻唑烷、异噻唑烷、噻二唑烷(thiadiazolidine)、环丁砜、吡喃、二氢吡喃、四氢吡喃、咪唑烷、吡啶、哒嗪、吡嗪、嘧啶、哌嗪、哌啶、吗啉、四唑、三唑、三唑烷、四唑烷、氮杂(azepine)或高哌嗪(homopiperazine)。
“杂双环”是指与苯基或其它杂环缩合形成双环体系的杂环。“缩合”形成双环是指两个环通过共享两个环原子而互相连接。杂双环的例子有吲哚、二氢吲哚、苯并呋喃、苯并噻吩、苯并噁唑、苯并异噁唑、苯并噻唑、苯并异噻唑、苯并咪唑、苯并咪唑啉、喹啉、喹唑啉、二氢喹唑啉、二氢喹啉、异喹啉、四氢异喹啉、二氢异喹啉、苯并氮杂(benzazepine)、嘌呤或蝶啶。
本发明化合物优选的立体化学如结构式(Ia)所示
优选的结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物是其中所含的一个或多个残基具有下文所述含义的化合物,优选取代基定义的所有组合均是本发明的主题。对于所有优选的结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物,本发明还包括所有的互变异构和立体异构形式及其任意比例的混合物,以及它们的药物可接受盐。
在本发明的优选实施方式中,结构式(I)或(Ia)中的取代基R1-R5、Z、X、n、A1和A2互相独立地具有下列含义。因此,取代基R1-R5、Z、X、n、A1和A2中的一个或多个可以具有下述优选的和更优选的含义。
Z优选为苯基或杂环,并且Z任选地互相独立地被1、2或3个,更优选为至多2或3个Cl、F、CN、CH3或OCH3取代。在一个实施方式中,Z被至多3个F取代。
优选地,R1、R2、R4、R5互相独立地选自H、F、OH、CH3、OCH3。
R3优选为H。
X优选为H、F或CH3。
优选地,n为1。在其它实施方式中,n为0或2。
优选地,A1为R6,A2为H、F或CH3。在这种情况下,n优选为1或2。在其它实施方式中,具体地,当n为0或2时,A2优选为R6。在这种情况下,A2优选为H、F或CH3。
R6优选为-CH2-Y-T。
Y优选为-O-、-N(R9)-或-S(O)2-,更优选为-O-或-N(R9)-。
优选地,R9选自H、CH3、COOH、COOCH3、C(O)NH2、C(O)N(CH3)2和S(O)2CH3,更优选为H、CH3,最优选为H。
优选地,T是T1-T2或T2,其中T1选自
-CH2-;
-C(O)-;
-C(O)-CH2-;
-C(O)O-;
-C(O)O-CH2-;
-C(O)NH-;
-C(O)NH-CH2-;
-S(O)2-;和
-S(O)2-CH2-。
更优选地,T1选自-C(O)-、-CH2-、-S(O)2-和-C(O)NH-。
优选地,T为T1-T2。在这种情况下,T1-T2优选为下述基团。
在一个实施方式中,T1-T2优选为CH2-苯基,其中苯基可以被1-3个,优选为1或2个选自卤素、CN、O-C1-4烷基、C1-4烷基或S(O)2CH3,优选为F、Cl、O-Me、Me或S(O)2CH3的取代基取代。
在一个实施方式中,T1-T2优选为CH2-C3-7环烷基,更优选为环丙基或环丁基,更优选为环丙基,其中环烷基可以被1或2个,优选为1个卤素、CN、OH、NH2、COOH、C(O)NH2或S(O)2NH2,更优选为COOH或C(O)NH2取代。
在一个实施方式中,T1-T2优选为C1-4烷基,优选为甲基、乙基或丙基,最优选为甲基。
在一个实施方式中,T1-T2优选为C(O)-苯基,其中苯基可以被1-3个,优选为1或2个选自卤素、CN、O-C1-4烷基、C1-4烷基或S(O)2CH3,优选为F、Cl、O-Me、Me或S(O)2CH3的取代基取代。
在一个实施方式中,T1-T2优选为C(O)-C3-7环烷基,更优选为环丙基或环丁基,更优选为环丙基,其中环烷基可以被1-3个,优选为1或2个选自卤素、CN、O-C1-4烷基、C1-4烷基的取代基取代,其中烷基可以进一步被1至3个F取代;更优选地,环烷基可以被1个被1至3个F取代的C1-4烷基取代。
在一个实施方式中,T1-T2优选为C(O)-杂环,其中杂环可以被1-3个,优选为1或2个选自卤素、CN、O-C1-4烷基、C1-4烷基或S(O)2CH3的取代基取代;优选地,杂环是芳香性的,更优选含有1或2个选自N和O,最优选为N的杂原子。
在一个实施方式中,T1-T2优选为S(O)2-苯基,其中苯基可以被1-3个,优选为1或2个选自卤素、CN、O-C1-4烷基、C1-4烷基或S(O)2CH3,优选为F、Cl、O-Me、Me或S(O)2CH3的取代基取代。
在一个实施方式中,T1-T2优选为S(O)2-C3-7环烷基,更优选为环丙基或环丁基,更优选为环丙基,其中环烷基可以被1-3个,优选为1或2个选自卤素、CN、O-C1-4烷基、C1-4烷基的取代基取代,其中烷基可以进一步被1至3个F取代;更优选地,环烷基可以被1个被1至3个F取代的C1-4烷基取代。
在一个实施方式中,T1-T2优选为S(O)2-C1-4烷基,优选为S(O)2CH3。
在一个实施方式中,T1-T2优选为C(O)-NH-苯基,其中苯基可以被1-3个,优选为1或2个选自卤素、CN、O-C1-4烷基、C1-4烷基或S(O)2CH3的取代基取代。
当T为T2时,其优选为如下文所述的基团。
在一个实施方式中,T2优选为H。
在一个实施方式中,T2优选为苯基,其中苯基可以被1-3个,优选为1或2个选自卤素、CN、O-C1-4烷基、C1-4烷基或S(O)2CH3,优选为F、Cl、O-Me、Me或S(O)2CH3的取代基取代。
在一个实施方式中,T2优选为杂环,其中杂环可以被1-3个,优选为1或2个选自卤素、CN、苯基、杂环、O-C1-4烷基、C1-4烷基或S(O)2CH3的取代基取代;优选地,杂环是芳香性的,更优选含有1、2或3个选自N和O,最优选为N的杂原子取代。当杂环被苯基或杂环取代时,杂环优选是芳香性的,更优选含有1、2或3个选自N和O,最优选为N的杂原子,并且苯基或杂环可以进一步被1或2个F或S(O)2CH3取代。
在一个实施方式中,T2优选为CF3。
T2优选为苯基或杂环。
优选地,R6为-CH2-N(R36)-T,其中R36为H、S(O)2CH3或S(O)2-C3-7环烷基,最优选为H。
在其它实施方式中,R6为-CH2-O-T。
在Y含有基团R9的情况下,优选下列实施方式:
当R9为T1-T2并代表-C1-6烷基,并且T为T1-T2并代表-C1-6烷基时,R9和T可以一起形成含有1个N的3至7元环基团,优选为5或6元环基团。
其中某些或全部上述基团具有优选或更优选的含义的结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物也是本发明的对象。
根据本发明的化合物的优选实施方式如结构式(IIa)至(IIi)所示。
另外优选下列化合物:
此外,本发明提供上文所述的本发明化合物的前药化合物。
“前药化合物”是指通过在活体内在生理条件下与酶、胃酸或类似物反应(例如通过氧化、还原、水解或类似作用发生反应,均为在酶的作用下进行)而转化成根据本发明的化合物的衍生物。前药的例子有下列化合物——其中本发明化合物中的氨基被酰化、烷基化或磷酸化,形成例如二十烷酰(eicosanoyl)氨基、丙氨酰氨基、新戊酰氧基甲基氨基,或者其中的羟基被酰化、烷基化或磷酸化或转化成硼酸盐,例如乙酰氧基、棕榈酰氧基、新戊酰氧基、琥珀酰氧基、富马酰氧基、丙氨酰氧基,或者其中的羧基被酯化或酰胺化。这些化合物可以根据公知的方法由本发明的化合物制造。
结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物的代谢产物也在本发明的范围内。
当通式(I)或(Ia)的化合物或它们的前药可以产生互变异构(例如酮-烯醇互变异构)时,则单独要求保护每种形式(例如酮和烯醇形式),并以任意比例的混合物一起要求保护。这一点同样适用于立体异构体,例如对映异构体、顺/反异构体、构象异构体和类似物。如果需要的话,可以通过本领域公知的方法(如液相色谱法)分离出异构体。这一点同样适用于使用诸如手性固定相分离对映异构体。此外,可以通过将其转化为非对映异构体而分离对映异构体,即,将对映异构体与对映异构纯的辅助化合物偶联,随后分离生成的非对映异构体并切去助剂残基。另外可选地,可以使用光学纯的起始物质由立体选择性合成获得结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物的任意对映异构体。
在结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物含有一个或多个酸性或碱性基团的情况下,本发明还包括它们相应的药物可接受盐或毒性可接受盐,特别是它们的药物可接受盐。
因此,含有酸性基团的结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物可以存在于这些基团上,并可以根据本发明作为,例如,碱金属盐、碱土金属盐或铵盐使用。这些盐更确切的例子包括钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐或与氨或有机胺(例如,乙胺、乙醇胺、三乙醇胺或氨基酸)形成的盐。含有一个或多个碱性基团(即可以质子化的基团)的结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物的存在形式可以是与无机酸或有机酸形成的加成盐,并可以根据本发明以这种形式得以使用。合适的酸的例子包括氯化氢、溴化氢、磷酸、硫酸、硝酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、萘二磺酸、草酸、乙酸、酒石酸、乳酸、水杨酸、苯甲酸、甲酸、丙酸、特戊酸、二乙基乙酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、庚二酸、富马酸、马来酸、苹果酸、氨基磺酸、苯基丙酸、葡糖酸、抗坏血酸、异烟酸、柠檬酸、己二酸和其它本领域技术人员已知的酸。如果结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物在分子内同时含有酸性基团和碱性基团,则除上述盐的形式之外,本发明还包括内盐或内铵盐(两性离子)。根据结构式(I)或(Ia)的各种盐可以通过本领域技术人员已知的常规方法获得,例如,使这些化合物与有机或无机的酸或碱在溶剂或分散剂中接触,或与其它盐的进行阴离子交换或阳离子交换。本发明还包括所有由于生理相容性低而不直接适用于药物,但是可以用作诸如化学反应中间体或制备药物可接受盐用中间体的结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物。
本发明提供作为DPP-IV抑制剂的通式(I)或(Ia)的化合物或它们的前药。DPP-IV是具有多种生物功能的细胞表面蛋白。它具有广泛的组织分布(肠、肾、肝、胰、胎盘、胸腺、脾、上皮细胞、血管内皮、淋巴和骨髓细胞、血清)和迥异的组织和细胞型表达量。DPP-IV与T细胞活化标记CD26相同,其可以在体外切割多种免疫调节、内分泌和神经肽。这种肽酶可能在多种疾病过程中产生作用。
WO-A-03/181的“Utilities”段落中更详细地描述了DPP-IV相关的疾病,在此将其并入作为参考。
因此,本发明提供结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物或它们的前药或其药物可接受盐以用作药物。
此外,本发明提供用结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物或它们的前药或其药物可接受盐制造治疗或预防下述疾病用的药剂的用途:非胰岛素依赖型(II型)糖尿病;高血糖;肥胖;胰岛素抵抗;血脂异常(lipiddisorders);脂代谢异常(dyslipidemia);高血脂;高甘油三酯血症;高胆固醇血症(hypercholestrerolemia);低HDL;高LDL;动脉粥样硬化;生长激素缺乏;与免疫反应有关的疾病;HIV感染;中性粒细胞减少症;神经元异常(neuronal disorders);焦虑症;抑郁症;肿瘤转移;良性前列腺肥大;牙龈炎;高血压;骨质疏松;与精子活力有关的疾病;低葡糖耐量;胰岛素抵抗;胰岛素休克疗法(ist)后遗症;血管再狭窄;肠易激综合征;炎症性肠病;包括克罗恩氏病和溃疡性结肠炎;其它炎症;胰腺炎;腹部肥胖;神经退行性疾病;视网膜病;肾病;神经病;X综合症;卵巢雄激素过多症(多囊卵巢综合征)n型糖尿病;或生长激素缺乏。优选非胰岛素依赖型(II型)糖尿病和肥胖症。
本发明提供包括结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物或其前药化合物或其药物可接受盐活性成分与药物可接受载体的药物组合物。
“药物组合物”是指一种或多种活性成分,和一种或多种构成载体的惰性成分,以及直接或间接地由这些成分中的任意两种或多种地结合、络合或聚集,或由一种或多种成分的分解,或由一种或多种成分的其它类型反应或相互作用产生的任何产物。因此,本发明的药物组合物包括将本发明的化合物与药物可接受载体混合制成的任何组合物。
本发明的药物组合物可以另外包括一种或多种其它化合物作为活性成分,如一种或多种其它结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物、或前药化合物或其它DPP-IV抑制剂。
WO-A-03/181的“Combination Therapy”段落中公开了其它活性成分,在此将其并入作为参考。
因此,其它活性成分可以是胰岛素敏化剂;PPAR激动剂;双胍;蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶-IB(PTP-1B)抑制剂;胰岛素和胰岛素模拟物(mimetic);磺酰脲和其它胰岛素促分泌素;α-葡糖苷酶抑制剂;胰高血糖素受体拮抗剂;GLP-1、GLP-1模拟物和GLP-1受体激动剂;GIP、GIP模拟物和GIP受体激动剂;PACAP、PACAP模拟物和PACAP受体3激动剂;脱胆甾醇药;HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂;螯合剂;烟醇;烟酸或其盐;PPARa激动剂;PPARoly双重激动剂;胆固醇吸收抑制剂;酰基CoA:胆固醇酰基转移酶抑制剂;抗氧化剂;PPARo激动剂;抗肥胖化合物;回肠胆汁酸转运体抑制剂;或消炎剂,或者这些活性化合物的药物可接受盐。
术语“药物可接受盐”是指由药物可接受的无毒碱或酸(包括无机的碱或酸和有机的碱或酸)制成的盐。
组合物包括适于口服、直肠给药、局部给药、肠道外给药(包括皮下、肌肉内和静脉内)、经眼(眼部)给药、肺部给药(鼻腔或口腔吸入)或鼻部给药的组合物,尽管在任何给定的情况下最合适的途径取决于待治疗症状的性质和严重程度以及活性成分的性质。它们可以方便地以单位剂形存在,可以通过制药领域公知的方法制备。
在实际应用中,可以根据传统的药物混合技术将结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物作为活性成分与药物载体混合在密切混合物中。取决于给药所需的制剂形式,例如口服或肠道外(包括静脉内)给药,载体可以采取多种形式。制备口服剂型的组合物时,可以使用任何常用的药物介质,例如,在口服液体制剂(例如悬液、酏剂和溶液)的情况下,如水、乙二醇、油、醇、增香剂、防腐剂、着色剂和类似物;或者在口服固体制剂(例如粉末、硬胶囊和软胶囊和药片)的情况下,载体例如淀粉、糖、微晶纤维素、稀释剂、成粒剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、崩解剂和类似物,固体口服制剂优于液体制剂。
由于它们易于给药,药片和胶囊代表最有利的口服单位剂型,在这种情况下,显然使用固体药物载体。如果需要的话,药片可以通过标准水性或非水性技术涂布。这种组合物和制剂应该含有至少0.1%的活性化合物。这些组合物中的活性化合物百分含量当然可以改变,其可以方便地在单位剂型重量的约2wt%至约60wt%之间改变。活性化合物在这种治疗有效组合物中的量使得人们能够获得有效的剂量。活性化合物还可以例如液滴或喷雾的形式鼻内给药。
药片、药丸、胶囊和类似物还可以含有粘合剂,例如黄耆树胶、阿拉伯树胶、玉米淀粉或明胶;赋形剂,例如磷酸氢钙;崩解剂,例如玉米淀粉、土豆淀粉、海藻酸;润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁;和甜味剂,例如蔗糖、乳糖或糖精。单位剂型为胶囊时,除上述类型的物质之外,其可以含有液体载体,例如脂肪油。
可以存在多种其它物质作为涂层,或者改变剂量单位的物理形式。例如,可以用虫胶、糖或二者涂布药片。除活性成分之外,糖浆或酏剂还可以含有蔗糖作为增甜剂,含有对羟基苯甲酸甲酯和丙酯作为防腐蚀,含有染料和调味品,如樱桃或橙子香料。
结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物还可以经肠胃外给药。这些活性化合物的溶液或悬液可以在适当混有表面活性剂如羟丙基纤维素的水中制备。还可以在甘油、液体聚乙二醇及其在油中的混合物中制备分散体。在通常的储存和使用条件下,这些制剂含有防腐剂以防止微生物生长。
适合注射用的药物形式包括无菌水溶液或分散体和用于即时制备无菌注射溶液或分散体的无菌粉末。在所有情况下,该形式必须是无菌的,并且必须在一定程度上可以流动以易于注射。它在制造和储存条件下必须是稳定的,并且必须防止细菌和真菌之类的微生物的污染作用。载体可以是含诸如水、乙醇、多元醇(例如甘油、丙二醇和液体聚乙二醇)、其适当混合物和植物油的溶剂或分散介质。可以使用任何合适的给药途径为哺乳动物,尤其是人类提供有效剂量的本发明的化合物。例如,可以采用口服、直肠、局部、肠胃外、眼部、肺部、鼻部和类似方式。剂型包括药片、锭剂、分散体、悬液、溶液、胶囊、乳膏、油膏、气溶胶和类似剂型。优选地,结构式(I)或(Ia)的化合物通过口服给药。
所用活性成分的有效剂量可以根据采用的具体化合物、给药方式、待治疗的症状和待治疗症状的严重程度而变化。本领域技术人员可以容易确定该剂量。
当糖尿病和/或高血糖或高甘油三酯血症或其它疾病需要用结构式I的化合物治疗或预防时,当以每千克动物体重约0.1mg至约100mg的日剂量,优选为单次或一天分成2至6次的日剂量,或者以缓释形式用本发明的化合物给药时,通常可以获得令人满意的效果。对于多数大型哺乳动物,总的日剂量为约1.0mg至约1000mg,优选为约1mg至约50mg。在70千克成年人的情况下,总的日剂量通常为约7mg至约350mg。可以对该剂量服用法加以调节以提供最佳治疗反应。
可以使用标准的肽偶联条件从β-氨基酸中间体(如结构式(IV)的中间体)和取代胺中间体(如结构式(III)的中间体)制备本发明的结构式(I)的化合物。下列示意图说明了这些中间体的制备。
本申请中出现的一些缩写如下。
缩写
名称
bs 宽单峰
bm 宽多重峰
Boc(或BOC) 叔丁氧羰基
CDI N,N-羰基二咪唑
DCE 1,2-二氯乙烷
DCM 二氯甲烷
DIEA 二异丙基乙胺
DMF N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
EDC 1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐
Et3N 三乙胺
Fmoc 9-芴基甲氧基羰基
HATU O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六
氟磷酸盐
HCl 氯化氢
HOBt 1-羟基苯并三唑
HPLC 高效液相色谱法
M.P. 熔点
NMR 核磁共振
PG 保护基
rt 保留时间
tBuOH 叔丁醇
TFA 三氟乙酸
TLC 薄层色谱法
可用的起始物质可以是具有结构式(III)的胺。
它们可以通过商业途径购自诸如Acros、Astatech、Array、Sigma-Aldrich、Fluka、ABCR,或者由本领域技术人员合成。它们的合成可以用适当官能团化的起始物质采用含有氨基和羧基、磺酰基或异氰酸酯官能团的化合物之间的常见反应进行。还可以采用含有适当离去基团的化合物(如卤化物、甲磺酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐)与亲核试剂(如胺)之间的亲核取代反应。不同官能团(如酯、醇、酰胺、腈、叠氮化物)的转化可以合成一些中间体或最终化合物。
示意图A-G概括了下述一些化合物的合成通法。除非示意图中另外指出,变量的含义与上文所述相同。
示意图A
示意图B
示意图C
示意图D
示意图E
示意图F
示意图G
具有结构式(IV)的对映异构纯β-氨基酸可以是市售的,在文献中已知的,或者可以方便地使用已经公开并综述于例如Cole,Tetrahedron,32,9517(1994);Juaristi等人,Aldrichimica Acta,27,3,1994或Juaristi,Enantioselective Synthesis of β-Amino Acids,Ed.Wiley-VCH,New York,1997的方法中的一种进行合成。
具体地,可以通过如专利申请WO 2004069162、WO 2004064778、WO 2004037169、WO 2004032836和文章JACS,126,3048(2004)和JACS,126,9918(2004)报道的多种方法合成3-氨基-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-丁酸。
除非另行说明,所有的非水相反应均在氩气气氛下用商业无水溶剂进行。使用采用Merck silica gel 60(230-400目)的快速柱色谱法或者采用Reprosil-Pur ODS3,5μm,20×125mm的柱子并具ShimadzuLC8A-Pump和SPD-10Avp UV/Vis二极管阵列检测器的反相制备HPLC来提纯化合物。使用d6-二甲亚砜作为溶剂,在Varian VXR-S(1H-NMR用300MHz)上记录1H-NMR谱图;化学位移记为ppm,其为相对于四甲基硅烷。使用Reprosil-Pur ODS3,5μm,1×60mm的柱子,乙腈在水(0.1%TFA)中的线性梯度为5%至95%,以250μm/分钟的流速进行分析LC/MS;保留时间的单位是分钟。方法是:(I)在带有SPD-M10Avp UV/Vis二极管阵列检测器和QP2010 MS-检测器的LC10Advp-Pump(Shimadzu)上以ESI+模式运行,在214、254和275nm处进行UV-检测,10分钟,线性梯度;(II)同上,5分钟,线性梯度;(III)在带有SPD-10Avp双波长UV-检测器和QP2010 MS-检测器的LC10Advp-Pump(Shimadzu)上以ESI+模式运行,在214和254nm处进行UV-检测,10分钟,线性梯度;(IV)同上,5分钟,线性梯度;(V)在带有SPD-M10Avp UV/Vis二极管阵列检测器和QP2010 MS-检测器的LC10Advp-Pump(Shimadzu)上以ESI+模式运行,在214、254和275nm处进行UV-检测,乙腈在水(0.1%TFA或甲酸)中的线性梯度不同于5%至95%。在这种情况下,数据记录如下:LC/MS(V)(5-90%,5分钟):rt 1.60,m/z 171(M+H)+;(VI)在带有SPD-10Avp双波长UV-检测器和QP2010 MS-检测器的LC10Advp-Pump(Shimadzu)上以ESI+模式运行,在214和254nm下进行UV-检测,乙腈在水(0.1%TFA或甲酸)中的线性梯度不同于5%至95%。在这种情况下,数据记录如下:
LC/MS(VI)(5-90%,5分钟):rt 1.60,m/z 171(M+H)+;方法(VII)在LiChroCART 30-4 Purospher STAR RP-18(有末端封闭,3μm(Merck)柱)上运行。使用下列洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱:(A)pH为7.4、具有20mM HCO2NH4/NH4OH缓冲液的乙腈/水(5∶95);(B)pH为7.4、具有20mM HCO2NH4/NH4OH缓冲液的乙腈/水(80∶20)。梯度:0分钟70∶30(%A∶%B);2.5分钟5∶95(%A∶%B);4.3分钟5∶95(%A∶%B);4.4分钟70∶30(%A∶%B);5分钟70∶30(%A∶%B)。流速为1.5mL/分钟;在220nm处进行UV-检测。
本发明的化合物的制造通法
通常,可以使用标准肽偶联条件、试剂和保护基来制备具有结构式(I)的化合物
其中变量的含义与上文所述相同。例如,可以在存在碱的情况下在二氯甲烷或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺之类的溶剂中,结合1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBt)和碱(三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺)或O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HATU)使用1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)。
示意图H概括了使用根据示意图A-G生成的胺来合成本发明实施方式的化合物的方法。
在9-芴基甲氧基羰基的情况下,可以用诸如二氯甲烷中的二乙胺除去保护基,或者在叔丁氧羰基的情况下,使用酸性条件(如二氯甲烷中的三氟乙酸或二噁烷中的盐酸)去除保护基,如Protective Groupsin Organic Synthesis第三版,Ed.Wiley-VCH,New York;1999中所述。
对于中间体或最终产物的提纯,硅胶快速柱色谱法可以适用于游离胺,而使用制备HPLC则可以分离相应的三氟乙酸或甲酸盐。
具体实施方式
实施例
提供下列实施例从而使本发明得到更充分的理解。这些实施例仅仅是示例性的,不应该被视为以任何方式对本发明进行限制。
制备
实施例1
步骤1
(2S)-(苯甲酰基氨基-甲基)-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
将127mg(1.04mmol)苯甲酸、219mg(1.14mmol)1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)、154mg(1.14mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBt)和271μL(1.56mmol)二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)在2mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的混合物在室温下搅拌10分钟,然后加入250mg(1.24mmol)(2S)-2-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯在2mLN,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的溶液,并继续搅拌过夜。将溶液用50mL乙酸乙酯稀释,依次用5%柠檬酸水溶液、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液和盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,并减压去除溶剂。通过快速色谱法(硅胶,洗脱剂:环己烷中0%至10%乙酸乙酯)提纯粗产品,得到题述的化合物。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.40(s,9H),1.75-1.88(m,4H),3.39-3.50(m,1H),3.90-3.98(m,1H),7.41-7.47(m,4H),7.78-7.81(m,1H),8.34-8.39(m,1H).
LC/MS(IV)rt 2.79,m/z 368(M+Na+CH3CN)+.
步骤2
N-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基-苯甲酰胺(TFA盐)
将20.0mg(0.07mmol)(2S)-(苯甲酰基氨基-甲基)-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(步骤1)在1.0mL二氯甲烷和0.5mL三氟乙酸中的溶液在室温下搅拌30分钟,然后减压蒸发,得到题述的化合物。
根据实施例1所示的方法合成表1的中间体。
表1
实施例10
步骤1
(2S)-苄氧基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯.(合成还可参见J.Med.Chem;42;4;1999;677-690)
在0℃下,将500mg(2.48mmol)(2S)-羟甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯在2mL四氢呋喃中的溶液逐滴加入到119.2mg(60%的油分散体,2.98mmol)氢化钠在2mL四氢呋喃中的浆状物中,将混合物搅拌5分钟。加入325μL(119mg,2.73mmol)苄基溴,并使反应升温至室温,搅拌过夜。加入水和1N盐酸溶液,将混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取。将收集的有机相依次用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液、盐水和水洗涤,然后经硫酸钠干燥并减压蒸发。使用快速色谱法(硅胶,洗脱剂:环己烷中0%至10%的乙酸乙酯)提纯粗制混合物,得到题述的化合物。
LC/MS(IV)rt 3.41,m/z 233(M+H-Boc+AcCN)+.
步骤2
(2S)-苄氧基甲基-吡咯烷.(TFA盐).
将300mg(1.03mmol)(2S)-苄氧基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(步骤1)在1.5mL二氯甲烷和1.5mL三氟乙酸中的溶液在室温下搅拌1小时,然后减压蒸发。将粗制混合物在5mL二氯甲烷中稀释,并与1.43g(4.12mmol)(聚苯乙烯基甲基)三甲基铵碳酸氢盐一起搅拌1小时,然后过滤,减压蒸发,得到题述的化合物。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.34-1.42(m,1H),1.59-1.81(m,3H),2.76-2.86(m,2H),3.27-3.33(m,4H),4.47(s,2H),7.29-7.24(m,5H).
LC/MS(III)rt 2.62,m/z 192(M+H)+.
实施例11
步骤1
2-甲氧基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
将150mg(0.75mmol)N-Boc-脯氨醇(prolinol)和33mg(0.82mmol)氢化钠在1mL四氢呋喃中的溶液在室温下搅拌10分钟。加入0.5mL THF中128mg(0.90mmol)的甲基碘,将反应液搅拌1小时。加入甲醇,在减压下蒸发溶剂。向粗制材料中加入1N盐酸溶液,将混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取。将收集的有机相用盐水和水洗涤,然后经硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸发。使用快速色谱法(硅胶)提纯粗制混合物,得到题述化合物。
LC/MS(II)rt 4.46,m/z 201(M+H-CH3)+.
步骤2
2-甲氧基甲基-吡咯烷.(TFA盐)
将51mg(0.24mmol)步骤1的产物在1mL三氟乙酸和2mL二氯甲烷中的溶液在室温下搅拌1小时,然后减压蒸发。分离出TFA-盐形式的产物。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.50-1.65(m,1H),1.80-2.10(m,3H),3.05-3.25(m,2H),3.30(s,3H),3.40-3.46(m,1H),3.51-3.56(m,1H),3.60-3.75(m,1H),8.55(s,3H),9.18(s,3H).
实施例12
步骤1
2-环丙基甲氧基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
向100mg(0.50mmol)(2S)-羟甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯在500μL四氢呋喃中的溶液中,加入氢化钠(40mg,60%的油分散体,0.99mmol),将混合物搅拌10分钟。加入(溴甲基)环丙烷(202mg,1.49mmol),将反应在微波炉中在100℃下加热10分钟。加入乙酸乙酯,并将混合物用盐水洗涤(3×),然后经硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸发。使用快速色谱法(硅胶,洗脱剂:环己烷中10%的乙酸乙酯)提纯粗制混合物,得到题述化合物。
LC/MS(II)rt 4.55,m/z 256(M+H-CH3)+.
步骤2
2-环丙基甲氧基甲基-吡咯烷,(TFA盐)
根据对实施例1中步骤2所述的方法由步骤1的产物获得。
实施例13
步骤1
2-苯氧基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
在0℃下,向5mL二氯甲烷中结合有1.02g(1.12mmol)聚合物的三苯基膦中加入156mg(0.89mmol)偶氮二羧酸乙酯(DEAD),将混合物搅拌5分钟。向该混合物中加入150mg(0.75mmol)Boc-L-脯氨醇、70mg(0.75mmol)苯酚和116μL(1.13mmol)三乙胺在2mL二氯甲烷中的溶液,使反应升温至室温,搅拌60小时以上。滤去聚合物,将溶液减压蒸发。使用快速色谱法(硅胶,洗脱剂:环己烷中0%至20%的乙酸乙酯)提纯粗制混合物,得到题述的化合物。
LC/MS(III)rt 5.68,m/z 263(M+H-CH3)+.
步骤2
2-苯氧基甲基-吡咯烷(TFA盐)
根据对实施例1中步骤2所述的方法由步骤1的产物获得。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.65-1.80(m,1H),1.86-2.03(m,2H),2.07-2.18(m,1H),3.05-3.15(m,2H),3.90(bs,1H),4.07(dd,1H),4.23(dd,1H),6.93-6.97(m,3H),7.26-7.32(m,2H),8.72(bs,1NH),9.27(bs,1NH).
LC/MS(III)rt 2.77,m/z 178(M+H)+.
根据实施例13所示的方法合成表2中的化合物。
表2
实施例20
步骤1
(2S)-(苯磺酰基氨基-甲基)-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯.
在0℃下,向150mg(0.75mmol)(2S)-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯和117μL(90.0mg,0.90mmol)三乙胺在3mL二氯甲烷中的溶液中加入62μL(85.7mg,0.80mmol)苯磺酰氯。将该混合物在室温下搅拌1.5小时,然后减压蒸发,得到含大约70%的题述化合物的粗制混合物,其直接用于下一步骤。
LC/MS(I)rt 4.34,m/z 241(M-+H-Boc)+
步骤2
N-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基-苯磺酰胺(TFA盐)
将231mg(纯度约70%,0.47mmol)(2S)-(苯磺酰基氨基-甲基)-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(步骤1)在1.5mL二氯甲烷和0.5mL三氟乙酸中的溶液在室温下搅拌2小时,然后减压蒸发。将油状产物在5mL二氯甲烷中稀释,通过氧化铝过滤(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷中0%至10%的甲醇)。浓缩收集到的馏分,得到题述的化合物。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.53-1.65(m,1H),1.81-2.05(m,3H),2.91-3.16(m,5H),3.50-3.55(m,1H),7.27-7.29(m,1H),7.58-7.60(m,2H),7.78-7.80(m,2H),7.99(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),9.15(bs,1H).
LC/MS(I)rt 2.11,m/z 241(M+H)+.
根据实施例20所示的方法,合成表3中的化合物。
表3
实施例26
步骤1
2-[(环丙磺酰基-甲基-氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
向45mg(0.15mmol)2-(环丙磺酰基氨基-甲基)-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(步骤1,实施例18)在1mL四氢呋喃中的溶液中加入0.5mL THF中的7.1mg(0.30mmol)氢化钠,将反应搅拌5分钟。缓慢加入14μL(0.22mmol)甲基碘,将反应搅拌过夜。减压蒸发溶剂,将粗制材料溶解在乙酸乙酯中,并依次用5%柠檬酸水溶液和饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液和盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,在真空下去除溶剂。粗制材料不经进一步提纯即用于下一步。
LC/MS(V)(5-90%,5分钟):rt 2.85,m/z 382(M+H+Na+AcCN)+
步骤2
环丙磺酸甲基-吡咯烷-2-基甲基-酰胺(TFA盐)
根据对实施例1中步骤2所述的方法,由步骤1的产物获得。
LC/MS(V)(5-90%,5分钟):rt 0.22,m/z 241(M+H+Na)+
实施例27
步骤1
(2S)-[(3-苯基-脲基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
将150mg(0.75mmol)(2S)-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯和86μL(93.7mg,0.79mmol)异氰酸苯酯在3mL二噁烷中的溶液在90℃下搅拌5小时。减压蒸发溶剂之后,粗制混合物(题述化合物的含量约50%)不经进一步提纯即用于下一步。
LC/MS(III):rt 4.18,m/z 320(M+H)+
步骤2
1-苯基-3-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基-脲(TFA盐)
将253mg(约0.37mmol)(2S)-[(3-苯基-脲基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(步骤1)在0.5mL三氟乙酸和1.0mL二氯甲烷中的溶液在室温下搅拌2小时,然后减压蒸发。将粗制混合物溶解在2mL 1M氨的甲醇溶液中,减压浓缩,然后使用快速色谱法(氧化铝,洗脱剂:含0.1%氨的二氯甲烷中0%至10%的甲醇)提纯,得到题述化合物。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.35-1.40(m,1H),1.78-1.81(m,5H),2.85-2.84(m,2H),3.02-3.22(2H),4.35(bs,2H),6.38(bs,1H),6.83(t,J=10.0Hz,1H),7.16(t,J=10.0Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=10.0Hz,2H),8.65(bs,0.1H),8.77(bs,0.9H).
LC/MS(I)rt 1.88,m/z 220(M+H)+.
实施例28
步骤1
Boc-氮杂环丁烷-3-羧酸
向100mg(0.99mmol)3-氮杂环丁烷羧酸在15mLTHF中的溶液中加入5mL饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液和238mg(1.09mmol)二碳酸二叔丁酯。将混合物在室温下搅拌过夜,用5%盐酸水溶液酸化,并用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,并经硫酸钠干燥。在真空下去除溶剂,得到的产物不经进一步提纯即用于下一步。
LC/MS(II):rt 2.08,m/z 187(M+H-CH3)+.
步骤2
3-羟甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
将212mg(0.99mmol)来自步骤1的粗制材料和241mg(1.49mmol)CDI在15mL无水四氢呋喃中的混合物在室温下搅拌2小时,然后冷却至0℃,迅速加入56mg(1.49mmol)硼氢化钠的水悬浮液。在0℃下再过1小时后,加入丙酮,使混合物升温至室温,除去溶剂。将残余物料溶解在乙酸乙酯和水中,分离各层,将有机层用5%柠檬酸、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和盐水洗涤。经硫酸钠干燥并去除溶剂,得到醇。
LC/MS(II):rt 1.81,m/z 173(M+H-CH3)+.
步骤3
3-苯氧基甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
向94mg(0.5mmol)Boc保护的羟甲基氮杂环丁烷(步骤2)在5mL THF中的溶液中加入354mg(0.5mmol)氟三苯基膦和47mg(0.5mmol)苯酚。将混合物冷却至0℃,加入405mg(0.5mmol)氟偶氮二羧酸乙酯(DEAD),使其升温至室温。将反应搅拌3天,用1g氧化铝蒸发至干。将含有反应产物的氧化铝置于氟硅石滤筒上,用甲醇∶水为4∶1的洗脱剂洗涤(4×1mL)。将滤液减压浓缩,进行制备TLC(二氧化硅,己烷∶乙酸乙酯1∶1),得到题述产物。
LC/MS(II):rt 1.89,m/z 164(M+H-Boc)+
步骤4
3-苯氧基甲基-氮杂环丁烷(TFA盐)
将34.0mg(0.13mmol)3-苯氧基甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(步骤3)在300μL三氟乙酸和300μL二氯甲烷中的溶液在室温下搅拌30分钟,然后减压蒸发,得到题述化合物。
实施例29
2-(氮杂环丁烷-3-基甲氧基)-吡啶(TFA盐)
根据对实施例28中步骤3和4所述的方法,由3-羟甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯和吡啶-2-酚获得。
LC/MS(II):rt 0.25,m/z 165(M+H)+
实施例30
步骤1
3-甲磺酰氧基甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
在0℃下,向10mL无水二氯甲烷中的170mg(0.90mmol)3-羟甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯中加入155μL(1.08mmol)三乙胺和75μL(0.99mmol)甲磺酰氯。4小时之后,在0℃下加入二氯甲烷(50mL),将有机层用盐水洗涤两次。将有机层经硫酸钠干燥,去除溶剂,生成直接用于下一步的粗制材料。
LC/MS(II):rt 2.35,m/z 251(M+H-CH3)+
步骤2
3-叠氮基甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
将3-甲磺酰氧基甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(266mg,0.90mmol,步骤1)和176mg(2.70mmol)叠氮化钠在10mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的混合物加热至90℃,加热1小时。为了整理,加入60mL乙酸乙酯,将有机层用盐水充分洗涤(3×),经硫酸钠干燥并减压浓缩。通过快速色谱法(环己烷至乙酸乙酯20%的环己烷)在硅胶上进行提纯,生成叠氮化物。
LC/MS(II):rt 2.57,m/z 198(M+H-CH3)+
步骤3
3-氨基甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
将73mg(0.35mmol)3-叠氮基甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(步骤2)溶解在20mL甲醇中,加入1mL氨水(MeOH中2M)和Pd/C(5%,带有50%水),将混合物在1atm的H2下搅拌1小时。通过硅藻土过滤,蒸发溶剂,得到粗制胺,其直接用于下一步。
LC/MS(IV):rt 1.75,m/z 172(M+H-CH3)+
步骤4
3-(苯磺酰胺-甲基)-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
将39mg(0.21mmol)3-氨基甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(步骤3)和32μL(0.25mmol)三乙胺溶解在二氯甲烷中,在0℃下加入17μL(0.23mmol)苯磺酰氯。随后将反应混合物搅拌1小时,用二氯甲烷稀释。将有机层用5%柠檬酸、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥。通过快速色谱法(环己烷至乙酸乙酯中20%的环己烷)在硅胶上提纯粗产物。
LC/MS(IV):rt 2.64,m/z 312(M+H-CH3)+
步骤5
N-氮杂环丁烷-3-基甲基-苯磺酰胺(TFA盐)
根据对实施例1中步骤2所述的方法,由步骤4的产物获得。
LC/MS(IV):rt 1.73,m/z 227(M+H)+
实施例31
N-哌啶-3-基甲基苯磺酰胺(TFA盐)
根据实施例30中所述的方法,由1-Boc-哌啶-3-羧酸获得。
LC/MS(IV):rt 1.87,m/z 255(M+H)+
实施例32
步骤1
{(3R)-[(2S)-苄氧基甲基-吡咯烷-1-基]-1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-丙基}-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
将44.8mg(0.15mmol)(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-[2-氟苯基]-丁酸、28.3mg(0.21mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBt)、39.9mg(0.21mmol)1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和100μL(98.2mg,0.76mmol)二异丙基乙胺在2.5mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的混合物搅拌5分钟。加入0.5mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的50.0mg(0.17mmol)(2S)-苄氧基甲基吡咯烷(实施例10)后,将混合物继续搅拌16小时。将溶液用5mL 1N盐酸溶液稀释,并用10mL二氯甲烷萃取两次。将收集的有机相用盐水和水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸发。使用快速色谱法(硅胶,洗脱剂:二氯甲烷中0%至10%的甲醇)提纯残余物,得到题述化合物。
LC/MS(I):rt 5.68,m/z 471(M+H)+
步骤2
(3R)-氨基-1-[(2S)-苄氧基甲基-吡咯烷-1-基]-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁-1-酮(TFA盐)
将8.00mg(0.017mmol){(3R)-[(2S)-苄氧基甲基-吡咯烷-1-基]-1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-丙基}-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(步骤1)在0.5mL三氟乙酸和1mL二氯甲烷中的溶液在室温下搅拌1小时,然后减压蒸发。使用HPLC(洗脱剂:含0.1%三氟乙酸的水中5%至95%的乙腈)提纯粗制混合物,得到题述的化合物。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.79-1.87(m,3H),2.85-2.92(m,1H),2.98-3.05(m,1H),3.21-3.32(m,5H),3.43-3.47(m,1H),3.69(bs),3.93-3.95(m,0.3H),4.05-4.10(m,0.7H),4.41-4.45(m,3H),7.11-7.18(m,2H),7.21-7.32(m,7H),7.94(bs,2H).
LC/MS(I)rt 3.60,m/z 371(M+H)+.
根据实施例32中所示的方法,合成表4中的化合物。
表4
使用类似于实施例32所述的方法,制备下列化合物。
实施例43
步骤1
{(3R)-[(2S)-(苯甲酰基氨基-甲基)-吡咯烷-1-基]-1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-丙基}-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
根据对实施例32中步骤1所述的方法,由(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸和N-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基-苯甲酰胺(实施例1)获得。
LC/MS(II)rt 2.99,m/z 506(M+Na)+
步骤2
{(3R)-[(2S)-苯甲酰基氨基-甲基)-吡咯烷-1-基]-1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-丙基}-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(TFA盐)
根据对实施例32中步骤2所述的方法,由步骤1的产物获得。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.75-1.95(m,5H),2.78-3.20(m,3H),3.32-3.37(m,2H),3.69-3.80(m,0.5H),3.90-3.97(m,0.2H),4.18-4.20(m,0.4H),7.12-7.19(m,2H),7.28-7.33(m,5H),7.37-7.52(m,2H),7.73-7.76(m,3H),7.92(bs,2H),8.38-8.66(m,0.7H),8.62-8.66(m,0.3H).
LC/MS(II)rt 2.02,m/z 384(M+H)+.
根据实施例43所示的方法,合成表5中的化合物。
表5
实施例51
步骤1
(1-(3-氯-苄基)-3-{2-[(2-甲磺酰基-苯甲酰基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-3-氧代-丙基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
将23mg(0.08mmol)(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-[3-氯-苯基]-丁酸、34.2mg(0.09mmol)O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HATU)和39.3μL(0.22mmol)二异丙基乙胺在2.5mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的混合物在室温下搅拌10分钟。向该溶液中加入1mLN,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的25.4mg(0.09mmol)2-甲磺酰基-N-吡咯烷-2-基甲基-苯甲酰胺(实施例2)和19.6μL(0.11mmol)二异丙基乙胺,将混合物搅拌过夜。减压蒸发溶剂。将粗制材料溶解在乙酸乙酯中,依次用5%柠檬酸水溶液和饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,减压去除溶剂。粗产物不经进一步提纯即用于下一步。
步骤2
N-{1-[3-氨基-4-(3-氯-苯基)-丁酰基]-吡咯烷-2-基甲基}-2-甲磺酰基-苯甲酰胺
根据对实施例32中步骤2所述的方法,由步骤1的产物获得。
LC/MS(8分钟10-70%)rt 3.13,m/z 478(M+H)+
根据实施例51所示的方法,合成表6中的化合物。
表6
实施例54
步骤1
2-[(2,2,2-三氟-乙酰基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
将2-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(200mg,1.00mmol)溶解在1mL甲醇中。依次加入三乙胺(113μL,1.10mmol)和三氟乙酸酐(210mg,0.99mmol),将反应在室温下搅拌过夜。减压蒸发溶剂,通过快速色谱法(硅胶,洗脱剂:环己烷中0%至30%的乙酸乙酯)提纯粗制材料,得到题述的化合物。
LC/MS(IV):rt 2.81,m/z 282(M+H-CH3)+
步骤2
2,2,2-三氟-N-吡咯烷-2-基甲基-乙酰胺(TFA盐)
根据对实施例1中步骤2所述的方法,由步骤1的产物获得。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.62-1.68(m,1H),1.82-2.10(m,3H),3.13-3.35(m,2H),3.43-3.65(m,3H),8.50(bs,1NH),9.11(bs,1NH),9.60(bs,1H).
LC/MS(IV)rt 1.15,m/z 197(M+H)+.
步骤3
(1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-3-{2-[(2,2,2-三氟-乙酰基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-丙基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
根据对实施例32中步骤1所述的方法,由步骤3的产物和3-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸获得。
LC/MS(IV):rt 3.05,m/z 498(M+Na)+
步骤4
[3-(2-氨基甲基-吡啶烷-1-基)-1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
将(1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-3-{2-[(2,2,2-三氟-乙酰基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-丙基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(步骤3,155mg,0.33mmol)溶解在1mL甲醇中,加入2mL 0.4N氢氧化钡溶液。将反应在室温下搅拌过夜。减压蒸发溶剂,加水,并用二氯甲烷萃取粗制材料。蒸发溶剂,将粗制材料再次溶解在甲醇/二氯甲烷混合物中,经硫酸钠干燥并减压蒸发溶剂。粗制材料不经进一步提纯即用于下一步。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.28(m,9H),1.70-1.95(m,4H),2.32-2.50(m,2H),2.60-2.90(m,3H),3.10-3.50(m,4H),4.00-4.15(m,1H),6.63(bs,1H),7.03-7.08(m,2H),7.18-7.22(m,2H).
LC/MS(IV)rt 2.27,m/z 380(M+H)+.
步骤5
(1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-{2-[(3-甲氧基-苯甲酰基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-3-氧代-丙基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
根据对实施例32中步骤1所述的方法,由步骤4的产物和3-甲氧基-苯甲酰氯获得。
LC/MS(II):rt 2.97,m/z 536(M+H+Na)+
步骤6
N-{1-[3-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酰基]-吡咯烷-3-基甲基}-3-甲氧基-苯甲酰胺(TFA盐)
根据对实施例1中步骤2所述的方法,由步骤5的产物获得。
LC/MS(II):rt 2.09,m/z 414(M+H)+
表7
实施例63
步骤1
[3-{2-[(环丙烷羰基-氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-3-氧代-1-(2,4,5-三氟-苄基)-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
将70.0mg(0.21mmol)(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-[2-氟-苯基]-丁酸、31.3mg(0.23mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑、45.0mg(0.23mmol)1-乙基-3-(3-二甲氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐和56μL(0.31mmol)二异丙基乙胺在1mL二氯甲烷中的混合物在0℃下搅拌30分钟。加入1mL二氯甲烷中的87.0mg(0.26mmol)环丙烷甲酸(吡咯烷-2-基甲基)-酰胺(实施例4)和另外56μL(0.31mmol)二异丙基乙胺之后,将混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。将溶液用二氯甲烷稀释,依次用5%柠檬酸水溶液、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液和盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,在真空下去除溶剂。通过快速色谱法(硅胶,洗脱剂:环己烷中5%至10%的乙酸乙酯)提纯粗产物,得到题述化合物。
步骤2
(3R)-氨基-1-[(2S)-苄氧基甲基-吡咯烷-1-基]-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁-1-酮(TFA盐)
将来自步骤1的产物在二氯甲烷中30%三氟乙酸中的溶液在0℃下搅拌1小时,然后加入1mL甲醇。减压蒸发溶剂。将粗制混合物溶解在二氯甲烷中,减压去除溶剂。该方法重复3-4遍。使用HPLC(洗脱剂:含0.1%三氟乙酸的水中5%至95%的乙腈)提纯粗制材料,得到题述的化合物。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=0.60-0.66(m,4H),1.45-1.54(m,1H),1.70-1.90(m,4H),2.75(m,1H),2.81-3.00(m,2H),3.12-3.21(m,2H),3.45-3.49(m,3H),3.68-3.81(m 1.5H),3.98(m,0.7H),7.43-7.62(m,2H),8.10(bs,0.6H),8.14(s,0.7H),8.22(s,0.2H),8.38(bs,0.4H)
LC/MS(10min,1-30%)rt 6.81,m/z 384(M+H)+.
根据实施例63所示的方法,合成表8中的化合物。
表8
实施例66
步骤1
{(3R)-[(2S)-(苯甲酰基氨基-甲基)-吡咯烷-1-基]-1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-丙基}-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
根据对实施例32中步骤1所述的方法,由(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸和苯基-吡啶烷-(2S)-基甲基-胺获得。
LC/MS(III)rt 4.16,m/z 455(M+H)+
步骤2
(3R)-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-1-[(2S)-苯基氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-基]-丁-1-酮(TFA盐)
根据对实施例32中步骤2所述的方法,由步骤1的产物获得。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.76-1.90(m,6H),2.77-3.35(m,10H),3.70-3.79 and 4.10-4.15(2m,1H),4.90(bs),6.42-6.47(2m,1H),6.54-6.61(m,2H),6.95-7.03(m,1H),7.13-7.20(m,2H),7.30-7.35(m,2H),7.96(bs,2H).
LC/MS(III)rt 2.84,m/z 354(M+H)+.
根据实施例66所示的方法,合成表9中的化合物。
表9
实施例68
步骤1
3-{2-[(5-氰基-吡啶-2-基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-丙基-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
将20mg(0.05mmol)[3-(2-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-基)-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(步骤4,实施例50)和25μL(0.16mmol)二异丙胺溶解在1mL NMP中。在室温下加入21mg(0.16mmol)6-氯烟酸腈(nicotinonitrile)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌3小时,在80℃下搅拌3小时。冷却至室温后,减压蒸发溶剂,通过快速色谱法在硅胶上(二氯甲烷中的2%甲醇)提纯粗产物。
LC/MS(II):rt 2.85,m/z 482(M+H)+
步骤2
6-({1-[3-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酰基]-吡咯烷-2-基甲基}-氨基)-烟酸腈(nicotinonitrile)(HCl盐)
将步骤1的产物溶解在1mL二噁烷中4N的盐酸中。将该溶液在室温下搅拌1小时,将溶剂减压蒸发。将粗制材料再次溶解在甲醇中,将溶剂减压蒸发,得到题述的化合物。
LC/MS(II):rt 2.09,m/z 382(M+H)+
根据实施例68所示的方法,合成表10中的化合物。
表10
实施例70
步骤1
[(3R)-[(2S)-(苯磺酰基氨基-甲基)-吡咯烷-1-基]-1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
根据对实施例32中步骤1所述的方法,由(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸和N-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基-苯磺酰胺(实施例20)获得。
LC/MS(III):rt 4.98,m/z 542(M+Na)+
步骤2
N-{1-[(3R)-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酰基]-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基}-苯磺酰胺(TFA盐)
根据对实施例32中步骤2所述的方法,由步骤1的产物获得。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.75-1.85(m,4H),2.48-2.49(m,1H),2.62-2.72(m,1H),2.72-3.04(m,3H),3.22-3.28(m,2H),3.64-3.75(m,1H),3.90-3.94(m,0.7H),4.70(bs),7.09-7.15(m,2H),7.21-7.31(m,2H),7.50-7.66(m,4H),7.70-7.77(m,2H),7.89(bs,1H).
LC/MS(III)rt 3.16,m/z 442(M+Na)+.
根据实施例70所示的方法,合成表11中的化合物。
表11
实施例78
步骤1
[3-{2-[(3,4-二甲氧基-苯磺酰基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
将15mg(0.04mmol)[3-(2-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-基)-1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(步骤4,实施例51)和8μL(0.06mmol)三乙胺溶解在1μL二氯甲烷中,在室温下加入11mg(0.05mmol)3,4-二甲氧基-苯磺酰氯。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜,将溶剂减压蒸发,粗产物不经进一步提纯即用于下一步。
步骤2
N-{1-[3-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酰基]-吡咯烷-2-基}-3,4-二甲氧基-苯磺酰胺(TFA盐)
根据对实施例32中步骤2所述的方法,由步骤1的产物获得。
LC/MS(IV):rt 2.21,m/z 480(M+H)+
根据实施例78所示的方法,合成表12中的化合物。
表12
实施例86
步骤1
(1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-(3R)-{(2S-[(3-苯基-脲基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-丙基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
根据对实施例32中步骤1所述的方法,由(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸和1-苯基-3-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基脲(实施例27)获得。
LC/MS(III)rt 4.79,m/z 521(M+Na)+.
步骤2
1-{1-[(3R)-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酰基]-吡啶烷-(2S)-基甲基}-3-苯基-脲
根据对实施例32中步骤2所述的方法,由步骤1的产物获得。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.79-1.83(m,4H),2.27-2.31(m,1H),2.67-2.69(m,2H),3.29-3.37(m,5H),3.87 and 3.97(2m,1H),6.20(m,0.6H),6.40(m,0.2H),6.81-6.86(m,1H),7.06-7.39(m,8H),8.41(bs,0.5H),8.52(bs,0.2H).
LC/MS(III)rt 3.12,m/z 421(M+Na)+.
实施例87
N-{1-[(3R)-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酰基]-哌啶-(2S)-基甲基}-苯甲酰胺(TFA盐)
根据对实施例32所述的方法,由(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸和N-哌啶-(2S)-基甲基-苯甲酰胺(实施例7)获得。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.25-1.75(m,6H),2.60-3.05(m,4H),3.25-3.55(m,4H部分被水的信号掩盖),3.65-3.75(m,0.5H),3.95-4.05(m,0.5H),4.28-4.37(m,0.3H),4.76-4.84(m,0.7H),7.09-7.52(m,7H),7.64(m,1H),7.76-7.94(m,4H),8.25-8.35(m,0.7H),8.55-8.62(m,0.3H).
LC/MS(IV)rt 2.16,m/z 398(M+H)+.
实施例88
N-{1-[(3R)-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酰基]-哌啶-(2S)-基甲基}-苯磺酰胺(TFA盐)
根据对实施例32所述的方法,由(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸和N-哌啶-(2S)-基甲基-苯磺酰胺(实施例25)获得。
LC/MS(II)rt 2.26,m/z 434(M+H)+.
实施例89
N-{1-[3-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酰基]-哌啶-3-基甲基}-苯磺酰胺
根据对实施例32所述的方法,由(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸和N-哌啶-3-基甲基-苯磺酰胺(实施例31)获得。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.05-1.35(m,2H),1.40-1.75(m,3H),2.24-2.05(m,1H),2.52-2.75(m,4H),2.80-3.20(m,3H),3.50-3.75(m,2H),4.00-4.12(m,0.6H),4.22-4.35(m,0.4H),7.10-7.20(m,2H),7.26-7.35(m,2H),7.50-7.70(m,3H),7.72-7.74(m,2H),7.85(bs,3H).
LC/MS(II)rt 2.13,m/z 434(M+H)+.
实施例90
N-{1-[(3R)-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酰基]-氮杂环丁烷-3-基甲基}-苯甲酰胺(TFA盐)
根据对实施例32所述的方法,由(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸和N-氮杂环丁烷-3-基-甲基-苄基酰胺(实施例8)获得。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.28(m,2H),2.61-2.92(m,2H),2.95-3.02(m,1H),3.43-3.49(m,2H),3.57-3.70(m,2H),3.74-3.91(m,2H),4.01-4.09(m,1H),7.13-7.19(m,2H),7.29-7.32(m,2H),7.38-7.49(m,3H),7.76-7.80(m,2H),7.92(bs,3H),8.51(m,1H).
LC/MS(II)rt 1.92,m/z 370(M+H)+.
实施例91
N-{1-[3-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酰基]-氮杂环丁烷-3-基甲基}-苯磺酰胺(TFA盐)
根据对实施例32所述的方法,由(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸和N-氮杂环丁烷-3-基-甲基-苯磺酰胺(实施例30)获得。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=1.20-2.29(m,2H),2.52-2.64(m,1H),2.82-3.03(m,4H),3.39-3.49(m,1H),3.56-3.80(m,3H),3.91-4.00(m,1H),7.08-7.18(m,2H),7.26-7.33(m,2H),7.52-7.64(m,3H),7.74-7.77(m,3H),8.04(bs,3H).
LC/MS(II)rt 1.99,m/z 406(M+H)+.
实施例92
步骤1
1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-3-(3-苯氧基甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-基)-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
将33.0mg(0.11mmol)(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-[2-氟-苯基]-丁酸、16.0mg(0.21mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑、23.0mg(0.12mmol)1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐和114μL(0.65mmol)二异丙基乙胺在2.5mL DCM中的混合物搅拌5分钟。加入48.0mg(0.11mmol)3-苯氧基甲基氮杂环丁烷(实施例28)之后,将混合物搅拌过夜。将溶液用二氯甲烷稀释,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液和盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥并减压蒸发。使用快速色谱法(硅胶,洗脱剂:乙酸乙酯中25%的环己烷)提纯残余物,得到题述的化合物。
LC/MS(II5)rt 3.21,m/z 443(M+H)+
步骤2
3-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-1-(3-苯氧基甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-基)-丁-1-酮(TFA盐)
将20.0mg(0.045mmol)1-(2-氟-苄基)-3-氧代-3-(3-苯氧基甲基-氮杂环丁烷-1-基)-丙基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯在300μL三氟乙酸和700μL二氯甲烷中的溶液在室温下搅拌1小时,然后减压蒸发,得到题述的化合物。
1H-NMRδ(ppm)=2.32(d,2H),2.86-3.06(m,3H),3.60-3.70(m,3H),3.80-4.00(m,2H),4.01-4.17(m,2H),6.91(t,3H),7.15(t,2H),7.23-7.34(m,4H),8.01(bs,3H).
LC/MS(II)rt 2.35,m/z 343(M+H)+.
根据实施例92所示的方法,合成表13中的化合物
表13
实施例94
N-{1-[(3R)-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酰基]-哌啶-3-基甲基}-苯甲酰胺(TFA盐)
根据对实施例32所述的方法,由(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸和N-哌啶-3-基甲基-苄基酰胺(实施例9)获得。
制备成非对映异构体的混合物。
LC/MS(II)rt 2.14,m/z 398(M+H)+.
实施例95
根据示意图F的中间体制造方法。
步骤1
N-羟基苄脒
向10.31g(0.10mol)溶解在40mL甲醇中的苄腈中加入20.73g(0.15mol)细粉状碳酸钾。在搅拌的同时向其中加入分成小份的13.89g(0.20mol)溶解在120mL甲醇的盐酸羟胺。然后将混合物回流5小时,冷却至室温后,减压去除溶剂。将残余物溶解在50mL水和200mL氯仿中。分离有机层,用30mL水洗涤两次,并经硫酸镁干燥。然后将混合物过滤并减压蒸发。将残余物用二乙醚结晶,得到题述的化合物。
M.P.:77-79℃
步骤2
3-苯基-5-三氯甲基-[1,2,4]噁二唑
在室温下,在搅拌的同时向250mL氯化钙干燥管保护的圆底烧瓶中的40.05g(129.7mmol;23.7mL)三氯乙酸酐中逐份加入8.82g(64.80mmol)来自步骤1的产物,用时20分钟。加入完成时,将混合物加热至90-120℃达75分钟,然后将热的混合物倒入搅拌过的冰-水溶液中。用己烷或二乙醚对生成的固体进行结晶,得到题述的化合物。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.60-7.45(m,3H),8.15(m,2H).
实施例96
根据示意图F,遵循对实施例95所述的方法进行制备。
步骤1
N-羟基吡啶-2-甲酰胺(carboxamide)
根据实施例95的步骤1,由吡啶-2-腈和盐酸羟胺获得。
M.P.:115-117℃
步骤2
2-(5-三氯甲基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-3-基)-吡啶
根据实施例95的步骤2,由N-羟基-吡啶-2-甲酰胺(实施例96,步骤1)获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ=7.68(2xdd,1H),8.07(ddd,1H),8.14(dd,1H),8.81(m,1H).
实施例97
根据示意图F,遵循对实施例95所述的方法进行制备。
步骤1
3-氯-N-羟基-苄脒
根据实施例95的步骤1,由3-氯苄腈和盐酸羟胺获得。
M.P.:115-118℃
步骤2
3-(3-氯苯基)-5-三氯甲基-[1,2,4]噁二唑
根据实施例95的步骤2,由3-氯-N-羟基-苄脒(实施例97,步骤1)获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.44(dd,1H),7.55(ddd,1H),8.04(ddd,1H),8.12(dd,1H).
实施例98
根据示意图F,遵循对实施例95所述的方法进行制备。
步骤1
3-氟-N-羟基-苄脒
根据实施例95的步骤1,由3-氟苄腈和盐酸羟胺获得。
M.P.:74-76℃
步骤2
3-(3-氟苯基)-5-三氯甲基-[1,2,4]噁二唑
根据实施例95的步骤2,由3-氟-N-羟基-苄脒(实施例98,步骤1)获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.26(m,1H),7.51(m,1H),7.75(m,1H),7.93(m,1H).
实施例99
根据示意图F,遵循对实施例95所述的方法进行制备。
步骤1
N-羟基-4-甲磺酰基-苄脒
根据实施例95的步骤1,由4-甲磺酰基-苄腈和盐酸羟胺获得。
M.P.:115-118℃
步骤2
3-(4-甲磺酰基-苯基)-5-三氯甲基-[1,2,4]噁二唑
根据实施例95的步骤2,由N-羟基-4-甲磺酰基-苄脒(实施例99,步骤1)获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=3.13(s,3H),8.12和8.38(m,4H).
实施例100
根据示意图G和H,制备下列实施例。
步骤1
(2S)-[3-苯基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基]吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
在60℃下,将164.40mg(0.62mmol)3-苯基-5-三氯甲基-[1,2,4]噁二唑(实施例95)和150.0mg(0.75mmol)(2S)-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯在5mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中搅拌12小时。通过TLC(Kieselgel Merck 5554板,洗脱剂:己烷-乙酸乙酯2∶1)监测反应进程。将混合物减压蒸发至干,使用相同的溶剂体系通过制备薄层色谱法提纯残余物,得到题述的化合物。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=1.45(s,9H),1.62-2.16(m,4H),3.28-3.70(m,4H),4.17(m,1H),7.30(m,1H),7.41(m,3H),7.90(m,2H).
步骤2
(3-苯基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基)吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基胺盐酸盐
将来自步骤1的产物(2S)-[3-苯基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基]吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯溶解在4mL二氯甲烷中,然后加入8mL饱和HCl/二噁烷溶液。将混合物搅拌2小时后,减压蒸发溶剂,得到题述的化合物,其不经进一步提纯和表征即直接用于下一步。
步骤3
(1R)-(2-氟苄基)-3-氧代-3-{(2S)-[(3-苯基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基-甲基]吡咯烷-1-基)-丙基}氨基甲酸叔丁酯
在25mL的圆底烧瓶中,将74.90mg(0.38mmol)(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸和64.70mg(0.40mmol;1.05当量)1,1’-羰基二咪唑在5mL无水1,2-二氯乙烷中的混合物在氮气气氛下搅拌2小时。单独地,将106.70mg(0.38mmol)3-苯基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基)吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲胺盐酸盐(实施例100,步骤2)和107.90mg(0.83mmol;145.0μL;2.2当量)N,N-二异丙基乙胺在4mL无水1,2-二氯乙烷中搅拌15分钟,将该溶液倒入以上制备的丁酸和1,1’-羰基二咪唑反应混合物中。在室温下持续搅拌过夜,然后使混合物沸腾5小时。将溶液冷却至室温,依次用5%柠檬酸溶液、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液、水和盐水洗涤,经硫酸镁干燥,过滤,减压去除溶剂。在硅胶上对残余物进行制备薄层色谱(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷/乙醇5∶1),生成题述的化合物,其不经进一步表征即直接用于下一步。
步骤4
(3R)-氨基-4-(2-氟苯基)-1-{(2S)-[(3-苯基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-丁-1-酮盐酸盐
将步骤3的产物(1R)-(2-氟苄基)-3-氧代-3-{(2S)-[(3-苯基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基-甲基)-吡咯烷-1-基]-丙基}氨基甲酸叔丁酯溶解在4mL二氯甲烷中,然后加入10mL饱和HCl/二噁烷溶液。将混合物搅拌2小时,然后减压去除溶剂,得到题述化合物。如果残余物是固体,将其溶解在二乙醚和己烷中并过滤。否则,如果残余物是油,将其溶解在10mL二噁烷中,将溶剂蒸发至干。重复两次该过程,得到题述的化合物。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=1.82-2.00(m,4H),2.66-2.70(m,1H),2.84(bs,1H),3.21(bs,1H),3.33-3.53(m,5H),4.01(bs,1H),4.39(bs,1H),6.92-7.03(m,2H),7.13-7.21(m,1H),7.32-7.47(m,3H),7.58(bs,1H),7.88-7.90(m,2H),7.94-8.06(m,1H),8.66(m,3H).
LC/MS(方法VII)m/z 424[M+H]+.
实施例101
根据上文对实施例100步骤1至4所述的方法,根据示意图G和H进行制备。
步骤1
(2S)-[(3-吡啶-2-基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
根据实施例100,步骤1的方法进行合成,由2-(5-三氯甲基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-3-基)-吡啶(实施例96)和(2S)-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=1.45(s,9H),1.60-2.20(m,4H),3.20-3.45(m,4H),4.15(m,1H),7.38(m,1H),7.50(m,1H),7.79(dd,1H),8.08(dd,1H),8.78(dd,1H).
步骤2
(3-吡啶-2-基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基)-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基胺二盐酸盐
根据实施例100,步骤2的方法进行合成,由(2S)-[(3-吡啶-2-基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(实施例101,步骤1)获得。
步骤3
(1R)-(2-氟苄基)-3-氧代-3-{(2S)-[(3-吡啶-2-基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-丙基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
根据实施例100,步骤3进行合成,由(3-吡啶-2-基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基)-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基胺二盐酸盐(实施例101,步骤2)和(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸获得。
步骤4
(3R)-氨基-4-(2-氟苯基)-1-{(2S)-[(3-吡啶-2-基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-丁-1-酮二盐酸盐
根据实施例100,步骤4进行合成,由(1R)-(2-氟苄基)-3-氧代-3-{(2S)-[(3-吡啶-2-基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基)-甲基]-吡咯烷-1-基}-丙基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(实施例101,步骤3)获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3+DMSO-d6)δ=1.88-1.99(m,4H),2.50-2.58(m,1H),2.62-2.68(m,1H),2.97-3.03(m,1H),3.12-3.17(m,1H),3.33-3.40(m,3H),3.50-3.54(m,1H),3.70-3.74(m,1H),4.25-4.27(m,1H),7.04-7.16(m,2H),7.24-7.35(m,2H),7.53-7.58(m,1H),7.95-8.06(m,2H),8.19-8.24(bs,3H),8.43-8.46(m,1H),8.70-8.76(m,1H).
LC/MS(方法VII)m/z 425[M+H]+.
实施例102
根据对实施例100,步骤1-4所述的方法,根据示意图G和H进行制备。
步骤1
(2S)-{[3-(3-氯苯基)-{1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
根据实施例100,步骤1的方法进行合成,由3-(3-氯苯基)-5-三氯甲基-[1,2,4]噁二唑(实施例97)和(2S)-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯获得。
步骤2
[3-(3-氯苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基]-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基胺盐酸盐
根据实施例100,步骤2的方法进行合成,由(2S)-{[3-(3-氯苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(实施例102,步骤1)获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3+d6-DMSO)δ=1.75-2.20(m,4H),3.20-3.30(m,2H),3.71(m,2H),3.81(m,1H),7.40-7.50(m,2H),7.85(ddd,1H),7.88(dd,1H),8.57(m,1H),9.00 and 9.42(bm,2H).
步骤3
[3-(2S)-{[3-(3-氯苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-基]-(1R)-(2-氟苄基)-3-氧代-丙基}-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
根据实施例100,步骤3进行合成,由[3-(3-氯苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基]-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基胺盐酸盐(实施例102,步骤2)和(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=1.38(s,9H),1.80-2.10(m,4H),2.50 and 2.90(m,2×2H),3.20-3.70(m,4H),4.23(m,1H),4.38(m,1H),5.38(m,1H),7.00-7.25(m,4H),7.32(bm,),7.35(m,1H),7.42(m,1H),7.87(ddd,1H),7.97(dd,1H).
步骤4
(3R)-氨基-1-(2S)-{[3-(3-氯苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]甲基}-吡咯烷-1-基)-4-(2-氟苯基)-丁-1-酮盐酸盐
根据实施例100,步骤4进行合成,由[3-(2S)-{[3-(3-氯苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-基]-(1R)-(2-氟苄基)-3-氧代-丙基}-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(实施例102,步骤3)获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=1.82-1.99(m,4H),2.67-2.73(m,1H),2.83-2.89(m,1H),3.21-3.25(m,1H),3.39-3.53(m,5H),3.99-4.03(m,1H),4.40-4.42(m,1H),6.93-6.97(m,1H),7.00-7.04(m,1H),7.14-7.19(m,1H),7.21-7.40(m 3H),7.59(bs,1H),7.76-7.78(m,1H),7.87(s,1H),8.66(bs,3H).
LC/MS(方法VII)m/z 458[M+H]+
实施例103
根据对实施例100,步骤1-4所述的方法,根据示意图G和H进行制备。
步骤1
(2S)-{[3-(3-氟苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
根据实施例100,步骤1的方法进行合成,由3-(3-氟苯基)-5-三氯甲基-[1,2,4]噁二唑(实施例98)和(2S)-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯获得。
步骤2
[3-(3-氟苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基]-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基胺盐酸盐
根据实施例100,步骤2的方法进行合成,由(2S)-{[3-(3-氟苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(实施例103,步骤1)获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3+d6-DMSO)δ=1.75-2.20(m,4H),3.10-3.38(m,2H),3.69(m,2H),3.81(m,1H),7.25(m,1H),7.48(m,1H),7.66(ddd,1H),7.78(dd,1H),8.62(1H,m,NH),8.90 and 9.42(bm,2H).
步骤3
[(1R)-(2-氟苄基)-3-((2S)-{[3-(3-氟苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]甲基}-吡咯烷-1-基)-3-氧代-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
根据实施例100,步骤3进行合成,由[3-(3-氟苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基]-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基胺盐酸盐(实施例103,步骤2)和(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟苯基)-丁酸获得。
步骤4
(3R)-氨基-4-(2-氟苯基)-1-((2S)-{[3-(3-氟苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-基)-丁-1-酮盐酸盐
根据实施例100,步骤4进行合成,由[(1R)-(2-氟苄基)-3-((2S)-{[3-(3-氟苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]甲基}-吡咯烷-1-基)-3-氧代-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(实施例103,步骤3)获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=1.79-2.06(m,4H),2.73-2.83(m,2H),3.21-3.27(m,1H),3.38-3.54(m,3H),3.58-3.72(m,2H),3.97-4.05(m,1H),4.42-4.49(m,2H),6.93-6.97(m,1H),7.01-7.04(m,1H),7.12-7.17(m,2H),7.30-7.41(m,2H),7.62-7.65(m,1H),7.74-7.76(d,1H),8.32(bs,1H),8.62(bs,3H).
LC/MS(方法VII)m/z 442[M+H]+
实施例104
根据对实施例100,步骤1-4所述的方法,根据示意图G和H进行制备。
步骤1
(2S)-{[3-(4-甲磺酰基苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯
根据实施例100,步骤1的方法进行合成,由3-(4-甲磺酰基-苯基)-5-三氯甲基-[1,2,4]噁二唑(实施例99)和(2S)-氨基甲基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=1.45(s,9H),1.60-2.18(m,4H),3.05(s,3H),3.25-3.70(m,4H),4.17(m,1H),7.46(m,1H),8.00(m,2H),8.20(m,2H).
步骤2
[3-(4-甲磺酰基苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基]-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基胺盐酸盐
根据实施例100,步骤2的方法进行合成,由(2S)-{[3-(4-甲磺酰基苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(实施例104,步骤1)获得。
步骤3
[(1R)-(2-氟苄基)-3-((2S)-{[3-(4-甲磺酰基苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-基)-3-氧代-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯
根据实施例100,步骤3进行合成,由[3-(4-甲磺酰基苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基]-吡咯烷-(2S)-基甲基胺盐酸盐(实施例104,步骤2)和(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-丁酸获得。
步骤4
(3R)-氨基-4-(2-氟苯基)-1-((2S)-{[3-(4-甲磺酰基苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-基)-丁-1-酮盐酸盐
根据实施例100,步骤4进行合成,由[(1R)-(2-氟苄基)-3-((2S)-{[3-(4-甲磺酰基苯基)-[1,2,4]噁二唑-5-基氨基]-甲基}-吡咯烷-1-基)-3-氧代-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(实施例104,步骤3)获得。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=1.80-2.03(m,4H),2.75-2.81(m,2H),3.07(s,3H),3.21-3.27(m,1H),3.34-3.55(m,4H),3.60-3.68(m,1H),3.96-4.06(m,1H),4.43-4.50(m,1H),6.94-6.98(m,1H),7.02-7.05(m,1H),7.16-7.21(m,1H),7.30-7.34(m,1H),7.98(d,2H),8.14(d,2H),8.35(bs,1H),8.64(bs,3H).
LC/MS(方法VII)m/z 502[M+H]+.
根据下列实验方法,制备下列化合物(实施例105):
在96-微滴定板(microtiterplate)(96-MTP)的孔中,向含有1.5当量三乙胺的200μL 0.6M(3R)-叔丁氧羰基氨基-4-[2-氟-苯基]-丁酸的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,加入200μL 0.6M O-(苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N,N-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HBTU)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液。15分钟后,在室温下加入200μL0.5M相应胺的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液和11μL(0.15mmol)N-甲基吗啉,将反应混合物在50℃下搅拌过夜。减压去除溶剂,加入500μL三氟乙酸的二氯甲烷溶液(33%v/v),将反应混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。减压去除溶剂后,加入500μL甲醇,使用制备HPLC以10分钟线性梯度(水(0.1%TFA)中5%至95%的乙腈)提纯粗制材料,得到题述的化合物。
实施例105
3-氨基-4-(2-氟-苯基)-1-(3-羟基甲基-哌啶-1-基)-丁-1-酮
LC/MS(VI)(1-30%,8分钟)rt 5.28,m/z 295(M+H)+.
这一系列更多的例子如下:
化验
使用连续荧光化验法监测对DPP-IV肽酶活性的抑制。该化验基于通过DPP-IV切割底物Gly-Pro-AMC(Bachem),释放出游离的AMC。该化验在96孔微滴定板中进行。在100μL的总体积中,使用含10mMHepes、150mM NaCl、0.005%Tween 20(pH 7.4)的缓冲剂,将化合物与50pM DPP-IV一起预培育。加入16μM底物以开始反应,并在25℃下用荧光读数器(BMG-Fluostar;BMG-Technologies)对释放出的AMC的荧光检测10分钟,使用的激发波长为370nm,发射波长为450nm。DMSO的最终浓度为1%。测定化合物抑制能力。使用人和猪DPP-IV(见下文)进行DPP-IV活性化验;两种酶均显示出相当的活性-include。
在重组酵母-菌株中表达Pre-Pro-α-配合融合(mating fusion)形式、缺乏跨膜锚(anchor)(Gly31-Pro766)的可溶性人DPP-IV。从发酵液(纯度>90%)中提纯分泌产物(rhuDPP-IV-Gly31-Pro766)并用于内部筛选(inhouse screening)。
下表列出了上述化验中测定的DPP-IV肽酶活性抑制的IC50值。IC50值分成3组:a≤100nM;b≥101nM且≤1001nM;c≥1001nM≤2000nM。
实施例 | IC50 |
32 | b |
33 | b |
34 | a |
35 | a |
36 | a |
37 | a |
38 | a |
39 | a |
40 | a |
41 | a |
42 | a |
43 | a |
44 | b |
45 | a |
46 | a |
47 | b |
48 | a |
49 | b |
50 | a |
51 | a |
实施例 | IC50 |
52 | a |
53 | a |
54 | a |
55 | a |
56 | a |
57 | a |
58 | a |
59 | a |
60 | a |
61 | a |
62 | a |
63 | a |
64 | a |
65 | a |
66 | a |
67 | b |
68 | a |
69 | b |
70 | a |
71 | a |
实施例 | IC50 |
72 | a |
73 | a |
74 | a |
75 | a |
76 | a |
77 | a |
78 | a |
79 | a |
80 | a |
81 | a |
82 | a |
83 | a |
84 | a |
85 | a |
86 | a |
87 | b |
88 | b |
89 | b |
90 | b |
91 | b |
实施例 | IC50 |
92 | c |
93 | c |
94 | b |
100 | b |
101 | a |
102 | a |
103 | c |
104 | a |
105 | c |
Claims (25)
1.结构式(I)的化合物或其药物可接受盐:
其中,
Z选自
苯基;
萘基
C3-7环烷基;
杂环;和
杂双环;
其中Z任选地被一个或互相独立的多个下列基团取代:
卤素;
CN;
OH;
=O,此处环至少部分饱和;
C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;和
O-C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
R1、R2、R4、R5互相独立地选自
H;
F;
OH;
C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;和
O-C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
和/或R1和R2任选地一起形成C3-7环烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
和/或R2和R3任选地一起形成C3-7环烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
和/或R3和R4任选地一起形成C3-7环烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
和/或R4和R5任选地一起形成C3-7环烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
R3为H或C1-6烷基;
X选自
H;
F;和
C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
n为0、1或2;
A1、A2互相独立地选自
H;
卤素;
C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;和
R6;条件是A1和A2中的一个是R6;
R6为-C(R7R8)-Y-T;
R7、R8互相独立地选自
H;
F;和
C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
和/或R7和R8任选地一起形成C3-7环烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
Y选自
-O-;
-C1-6烷基-O-;
-N(R9)-;
-C1-6烷基-N-(R9)-;
-S-;
-C1-6烷基-S-;
-S(O)-;
-C1-6烷基-S(O)-;
-S(O)2-;和
-C1-6烷基-S(O)2-;
其中各C1-6烷基任选地被一个或多个F取代;
R9、T互相独立地为T1-T2或T2;
T1选自
-C1-6烷基-;
-C1-6烷基-O-;
-C1-6烷基-N(R10)-;
-C(O)-;
-C(O)-C1-6烷基-;
-C(O)-C1-6烷基-O-;
-C(O)-C1-6烷基-N(R10)-;
-C(O)O-;
-C(O)O-C1-6烷基-;
-C(O)O-C1-6烷基-O-;
-C(O)O-C1-6烷基-N(R10)-;
-C(O)N(R10)-;
-C(O)N(R10)-C1-6烷基-;
-C(O)N(R10)-C1-6烷基-O-;
-C(O)N(R10)-C1-6烷基-N(R11)-;
-S(O)2-;
-S(O)2-C1-6烷基-;
-S(O)2-C1-6烷基-O-;和
-S(O)2-C1-6烷基-N(R10)-;
其中各C1-6烷基任选地被一个或多个F取代;
R10、R11互相独立地为H或C1-6烷基,其任选地被一个或多个F取代;
T2选自
H;
CF3;
苯基;
萘基;
其中苯基和萘基任选地被一个,或互相独立地被多个下列基团取代:
卤素;
CN;
R12;
COOH;
OH;
C(O)NH2;
S(O)2NH2;
COOT3;
OT3;
C(O)NHT3;
S(O)2NHT3;或
T3;
C3-7环烷基;
杂环;和
杂双环;
其中C3-7环烷基、杂环和杂双环任选地被一个,或互相独立地被多个下列基团取代:
卤素;
CN;
R13;
OH;
=O,此处环至少部分饱和;
NH2;
COOH;
C(O)NH2;
S(O)2NH2;
COOT3;
OT3;
C(O)NHT3;
S(O)2NHT3;
NHT3;或
T3;
从而当R9为T1-T2且代表-C1-6烷基,并且T为T1-T2且代表-C1-6烷基时,则R9和T可以一起形成含1N的3至7元环状基团;
R12选自
C1-6烷基;
O-C1-6烷基;
COO-C1-6烷基;
OC(O)-C1-6烷基;
C(O)N(R15)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2N(R17)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2-C1-6烷基;和
N(R18)S(O)2-C1-6烷基;
其中各C1-6烷基任选被一个,或互相独立地被多个F、COOR19、C(O)N(R20R21)、S(O)2N(R22R23)、OR24、N(R25R26)、T3、O-T3或
N(R27)-T3取代;
R13选自
C1-6烷基;
O-C1-6烷基;
N(R14)-C1-6烷基;
COO-C1-6烷基;
OC(O)-C1-6烷基;
C(O)N(R15)-C1-6烷基;
N(R16)-C(O)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2N(R17)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2-C1-6烷基;和
N(R18)S(O)2-C1-6烷基;
其中各C1-6烷基任选地被一个,或互相独立地被多个F、COOR19、C(O)N(R20R21)、S(O)2N(R22R23)、OR24、N(R25R26)、T3、O-T3或N(R27)-T3取代;
R14、R15、R16、R17、R18、R19、R20、R21、R22、R23、R24、R25、R26、R27互相独立地为H或C1-6烷基;
T3选自
苯基;
萘基;
其中苯基和萘基任选地被一个,或互相独立地被多个下列基团取代:
卤素;
CN;
COOH;
OH;
C(O)NH2;
S(O)2NH2;
C1-6烷基;
O-C1-6烷基;
COO-C1-6烷基;
OC(O)-C1-6烷基;
C(O)N(R28)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2N(R29)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2-C1-6烷基;或
N(R30)S(O)2-C1-6烷基;
杂环;
杂双环;和
C3-7环烷基;
其中C3-7环烷基、杂环和杂双环任选地被一个,或互相独立地被多个下列基团取代:
卤素;
CN;
OH;
=O,此处环至少部分饱和;
NH2;
COOH;
C(O)NH2;
S(O)2NH2;
C1-6烷基;
O-C1-6烷基;
N(R31)-C1-6烷基;
COO-C1-6烷基;
OC(O)-C1-6烷基;
C(O)N(R32)-C1-6烷基;
N(R33)-C(O)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2N(R34)-C1-6烷基;
S(O)2-C1-6烷基;或
-N(R35)S(O)2-C1-6烷基。
3.根据权利要求1或2的化合物,其中Z为苯基或杂环,并且Z任选地互相独立地被至多2个Cl、F、CN、CH3或OCH3取代。
4.根据上述权利要求中任意一项的化合物,其中R1、R2、R4、R5互相独立地选自H、F、OH、CH3、OCH3。
5.根据上述权利要求中任意一项的化合物,其中R3为H。
6.根据上述权利要求中任意一项的化合物,其中X为H、F或CH3。
7.根据上述权利要求中任意一项的化合物,其中n为1。
8.根据上述权利要求中任意一项的化合物,其中A1为R6,A2为H、F或CH3。
9.根据上述权利要求中任意一项的化合物,其中R6为-CH2-Y-T。
10.根据上述权利要求中任意一项的化合物,其中Y为-O-、-N(R9)-或-S(O)2-。
11.根据上述权利要求中任意一项的化合物,其中R9选自H、CH3、COOH、COOCH3、C(O)NH2、C(O)N(CH3)2和S(O)2CH3。
12.根据上述权利要求中任意一项的化合物,其中T为T1-T2或T2,并且其中T1选自
-CH2-;
-C(O)-;
-C(O)-CH2-;
-C(O)O-;
-C(O)O-CH2-;
-C(O)NH-;
-C(O)NH-CH2-;
-S(O)2-;和
-S(O)2-CH2-。
13.根据权利要求12的化合物,其中T为T1-T2或T2,并且其中T1选自-C(O)-、-CH2-、-S(O)2-;和-C(O)NH-。
14.根据上述权利要求中任意一项的化合物,其中R6为-CH2-N(R36)-T,并且其中的R36为H或S(O)2CH3。
15.根据上述权利要求中任意一项的化合物,其中T2为苯基或杂环。
17.根据权利要求1-16中任意一项的化合物的前药化合物。
18.一种药物组合物 ,其包括根据权利要求1-17中任意一项的化合物或其药物可接受盐、以及药物可接受载体。
19.根据权利要求18的药物组合物,其包括一种或多种选自下列化合物的另外的化合物或其药物可接受盐:
其它根据权利要求1-17中任意一项的化合物;其它DPP-IV抑制剂;胰岛素敏化剂;PPAR激动剂;双胍;蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶-IB(PTP-1B)抑制剂;胰岛素和胰岛素模拟物;磺酰脲和其它胰岛素促分泌素;α-葡糖苷酶抑制剂;胰高血糖素受体拮抗剂;GLP-1、GLP-1模拟物和GLP-1受体激动剂;GIP、GIP模拟物和GIP受体激动剂;PACAP、PACAP模拟物和PACAP受体3激动剂;脱胆甾醇药;HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂;螯合剂;烟醇;烟酸或其盐;PPARa激动剂;PPARoly双重激动剂;胆固醇吸收抑制剂;酰基CoA:胆固醇酰基转移酶抑制剂;抗氧化剂;PPARo激动剂;抗肥胖化合物;回肠胆汁酸转运体抑制剂;和消炎剂。
20.用作药剂的根据权利要求1-17中任意一项的化合物或其药物可接受盐。
21.根据权利要求1-17中任意一项的化合物或其药物可接受盐在制造治疗或预防下列疾病的药剂中的用途:非胰岛素依赖型(II型)糖尿病;高血糖;肥胖;胰岛素抵抗;血脂异常;脂代谢异常;高血脂;高甘油三酯血症;高胆固醇血症;低HDL;高LDL;动脉粥样硬化;生长激素缺乏;与免疫反应有关的疾病;HIV感染;中性粒细胞减少症;神经元异常;焦虑症;抑郁症;肿瘤转移;良性前列腺肥大;牙龈炎;高血压;骨质疏松;与精子活力有关的疾病;低葡糖耐量;胰岛素抵抗;ist后遗症;血管再狭窄;肠易激综合征;炎症性肠病;包括克罗恩氏病和溃疡性结肠炎;其它炎症;胰腺炎;腹部肥胖;神经退行性疾病;视网膜病;肾病;神经病;X综合症;卵巢雄激素过多症(多囊卵巢综合征);n型糖尿病;或生长激素缺乏。
22.根据权利要求1-17中任意一项的化合物作为DPP-IV抑制剂的用途。
24.根据权利要求23的方法,其中所述的偶联试剂是在存在碱的情况下与1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBt)和碱(三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺)或O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HATU)结合的1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC),所述的保护基为9-芴基甲氧基羰基或叔丁氧羰基。
25.根据权利要求23或24的方法,其中在9-芴基甲氧基羰基的情况下,使用二氯甲烷中的二乙胺去除保护基,或者在叔丁氧羰基的情况下,使用酸性条件去除保护基。
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EP03028211A EP1541143A1 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2003-12-09 | Dpp-iv inhibitors |
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EP (2) | EP1541143A1 (zh) |
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CA (1) | CA2548742A1 (zh) |
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PL (1) | PL1613304T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT1613304E (zh) |
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CN102838589B (zh) * | 2008-09-23 | 2014-03-26 | 成都地奥制药集团有限公司 | 经甲磺酰化的制备n取代的吡咯烷衍生物的方法 |
CN105362268A (zh) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-02 | 上海壹志医药科技有限公司 | 脱亚甲基小檗碱的药物用途 |
CN106526047A (zh) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-03-22 | 迪沙药业集团有限公司 | R‑琥珀酸曲格列汀光学纯度的测定方法 |
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HK1087022A1 (en) | 2006-10-06 |
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ZA200604719B (en) | 2007-12-27 |
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MXPA06006652A (es) | 2007-02-20 |
PL1613304T3 (pl) | 2008-02-29 |
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