CN1558901A - 烟酰苯胺和苯甲酰苯胺衍生物的结晶水合物 - Google Patents
烟酰苯胺和苯甲酰苯胺衍生物的结晶水合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1558901A CN1558901A CNA028187539A CN02818753A CN1558901A CN 1558901 A CN1558901 A CN 1558901A CN A028187539 A CNA028187539 A CN A028187539A CN 02818753 A CN02818753 A CN 02818753A CN 1558901 A CN1558901 A CN 1558901A
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/81—Amides; Imides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
- C07C233/64—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C233/66—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by halogen atoms or by nitro or nitroso groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/81—Amides; Imides
- C07D213/82—Amides; Imides in position 3
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Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)的取代烟酰苯胺衍生物和取代苯甲酰苯胺衍生物的结晶水合物、其制备及其在防治植物病原性真菌和不希望的昆虫和螨虫侵袭和/或调节植物生长中的应用;其中A表示(A1)或(A2),R1表示被卤素取代的苯基,R2表示二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯、溴或碘且R3表示三氟甲基或氯。
Description
本发明涉及结晶的式I的取代烟酰苯胺衍生物:
其中
R1为被卤素取代的苯基,
R2为甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯、溴或碘,
R3为三氟甲基或氯,它们以水合物存在。本发明还涉及使用上述活性成分水合物制备胶悬剂和悬浮乳剂以及通过稀释上述配制剂而防治植物病原性真菌或由昆虫或螨虫引起的不希望的侵袭和/或调节植物生长的方法。
式I的吡啶基酰胺(A=A2)(它们为一类基本不溶于水的化合物)的杀真菌作用以及制备它们的方法是已知的(EP-A2 545099)。这些化合物在工业上可以通过在有机溶剂中结晶而得到。
若需要配制水不溶性化合物以将其以液体形式施用于害虫或植物,则基本两种可能性:
1.将活性成分配制成乳油(EC)。
2.将活性成分配制成含水胶悬剂(SC)。在这里可以将可以任选包含其它助剂或活性成分的有机相加入SC中。所制备的配制剂称为悬浮乳剂(SE)。
考虑到大量用于EC中的有机溶剂对环境的污染,有利的是提供含水配制剂。
SC基本由其中除助剂外还悬浮有活性成分的水相组成。SC的制备对熟练技术人员是已知的。例如,SC可以通过将上述活性成分在各种助剂和作为连续介质的水存在下研磨而制备(Mollet,H.和Grubemann,A.,“Formulierungstechnik”[配制技术],WILEY-VCH,2000,第133及以下各页)。
术语“助剂”在本上下文中应理解为指配制助剂,例如表面活性剂、增稠剂、溶剂、消泡剂、杀菌剂和防冻剂。
所述SC可以用于制备SE。当将存在于悬浮液中的活性成分和与水不混溶的液体活性成分混合或和油状活性成分混合或和水不溶性活性成分在预混物中的有机活性成分溶液混合时通常这样做。SE的制备对熟练技术人员来说是已知的;例如SE可以通过EP-A 707445中所述的方法制备。
在制备上述SC时,必须在水和其它助剂存在下尽可能精细地研磨活性成分。
令人惊奇的是,在上述烟酰苯胺衍生物情况下,这是不可能的,因为它们在制备SC的过程中形成泥状固体,从而使得研磨程序无法继续。
本发明的目的是对活性成分进行改性以使它可以与助剂一起在水存在下研磨。
我们发现该目的通过提供烟酰苯胺衍生物的相应水合物而实现。令人惊奇的是,我们发现与无水物相反的是,水合物可以毫无问题地研磨。
本发明要求保护式I的烟酰苯胺衍生物的水合物:
其中
A为
R1为被卤素取代的苯基,
R2为甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯、溴或碘,
R3为三氟甲基或卤素,其中优选相对于母体化合物I而言,A1在2位上连接,A2在3位上连接。
本上下文中尤其优选式II的烟酰苯胺衍生物的水合物:
其中
R1为被卤素取代的苯基,和
R3为卤素。
苯基优选被卤素单取代至三取代。
在本上下文中,“卤素”应理解为指氟、氯、溴或碘,尤其优选氯。
尤其优选化合物2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺。
在上述烟酰苯胺衍生物的水合物中,尤其优选其相应的一水合物。
式I或II的酰胺化合物的制备例如由EP-A-545 099或EP-A-589 301已知或可以通过类似方法进行。
本发明还涉及制备上述水合物的方法。
在一个实施方案(方法1)中,该方法包括如下步骤:
a)将I的无水物溶于水溶性有机溶剂中,和
b)通过加入水而沉淀I的水合物。
术语“水溶性溶剂”在本上下文中指在水中可溶至少5%的溶剂。
在上述方法的步骤a)中,水与有机相的比例通常为1∶10至10∶1,优选1∶3至3∶1。
可以用于本上下文中的水溶性有机溶剂是环状醚如二噁烷或四氢呋喃,醇如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇或戊醇,以及二甲基甲酰胺或N-甲基吡咯烷酮,或上述溶剂的混合物。优选使用四氢呋喃。
在另一实施方案(方法2)中,该方法包括如下步骤:
a)将包含I的无水物的有机溶液与水混合,
b)将在步骤a)中制备的混合物在30-150℃的温度下加热,
c)冷却所得溶液。
在上述方法的步骤a)中,水与有机相之间的比例通常为10∶1至1∶10,优选1∶3至3∶1。
可以用于本上下文中的有机溶剂是环状醚如二噁烷或四氢呋喃,酮如丙酮、环己酮或MEK,或芳族溶剂如苯、甲苯、二甲苯或诸如二甲基甲酰胺或N-甲基吡咯烷酮的溶剂,或上述溶剂的混合物。
在方法2的优选实施方案中,将步骤b)中的溶液在优选30-70℃,尤其优选30-60℃的温度下温热,然后适当冷却。
在又一实施方案(方法3)中,该方法包括如下步骤:
a)将I的固体无水物与水混合,
b)将在步骤a)中制备的混合物在30-150℃的温度下加热,直到该无水物转化成水合物,或
c)将在步骤a)中制备的混合物在暴露于剪切力下温热,直到该无水物转化成水合物。
在上述方法的优选实施方案中,将步骤b)中的溶液在优选30-70℃,尤其优选30-60℃的温度下温热,然后适当冷却。
步骤b)中的温热时间为30分钟至48小时。至少50%,优选至少70%的无水物转化成水合物。
步骤c)中的温热进行至少30分钟至48小时。
步骤c)中所述的混合物在强剪切力下的暴露可以通过在合适磨机中研磨而进行。已经证明产物的停留时间较短的磨机如转子-定子磨机在本上下文中是特别有利的。
在上述两种方法中,无水物向水合物的转化速率可以借助合适的分析方法如IR光谱法或X射线粉末衍射法来监测。
水合物/无水物的转化可以由IR定量化,例如通过特征性谱带(例如C=O伸缩振动)的位移来定量化。因此,例如C=O伸缩振动由2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺无水物的1650cm-1位移到2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺一水合物的1660cm-1。在1650cm-1下的谱带的消失因此表明无水物完全转化成水合物。
在方法3中,通过上述方法之一制备相应的水合物甚至可以在助剂存在下进行(“直接法”)。
本发明还涉及悬浮乳剂(SE)或胶悬剂(SC),其包含活性成分I的水合物作为主要组分,其中A优选为A2。
为了制备SC,例如将烟酰苯胺衍生物的水合物在表面活性剂以及合适的话,其它助剂存在下于水中研磨。
在上述制备程序的可能实施方案中,首先将表面活性剂与防冻剂和水一起均化,然后向其中加入由本发明方法制备的烟酰苯胺衍生物水合物。然后将所得浆料在磨机如搅拌的球磨剂中直接粉碎。其它合适的磨机在Mollet,H.和Grubemann,A.,“Formulierungstechnik”[配制技术],WILEY-VCH,2000中提及。为了获得所需的细度,可能必须将该研磨步骤重复几次。
当达到优选40%小于2微米且100%小于12微米的所需粒度分布时,通常可以将触变剂加入该悬浮液中。
在优选的实施方案中,该水合物经由方法3的步骤a)和b)制备,其中合适的助剂已经预先加入正在制备的混合物中。紧随其后将所制备的混合物按如上所述精细研磨。在搅拌的球磨机中研磨在本上下文中是尤其优选的。
适于上述配制剂的表面活性剂是离子型表面活性剂和非离子型表面活性剂,优选二者的混合物。
合适的离子型表面活性剂的实例是烷基芳基磺酸盐、苯基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、烷基醚硫酸盐、烷基芳基醚硫酸盐、烷基聚乙二醇醚磷酸盐、聚芳基苯基醚磷酸盐、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸盐、烯属磺酸盐、链烷磺酸盐、石油磺酸盐、氨基乙磺酸盐、肌氨酸盐、脂肪酸、烷基萘磺酸、萘磺酸、木质素磺酸、磺化萘与甲醛或与甲醛和苯酚以及合适的话还有脲的缩合物、木质素亚硫酸盐废液,包括其碱金属盐、碱土金属盐、铵盐和胺盐,烷基磷酸盐、季铵化合物、甜菜碱及其混合物,还有聚羧酸盐,如聚丙烯酸盐、马来酸酐/烯烃共聚物(例如SokalanCP9,BASF)。
优选的是磺化萘或酚与甲醛以及合适的话,脲的缩合物,它们以水溶性盐如钠盐存在,例如萘磺酸/甲醛缩合物,或苯酚磺酸、甲醛和脲的缩合物(例如诸如BASF销售的WettolD1、TamolNN、TamolNH或Witco销售的MorwetD425)。
合适的非离子型表面活性剂的实例是烷基酚烷氧基化物、醇烷氧基化物、脂肪胺烷氧基化物、聚氧乙烯甘油脂肪酸酯、蓖麻油烷氧基化物、脂肪酸烷氧基化物、脂肪酸酰胺烷氧基化物、脂肪酸聚二乙醇酰胺、羊毛脂乙氧基化物、脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯、异十三烷醇、脂肪酸酰胺、甲基纤维素、脂肪酸酯、硅油、烷基多苷、甘油脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚乙二醇/聚丙二醇嵌段共聚物、聚乙二醇烷基醚、聚丙二醇烷基醚、聚乙二醇/聚丙二醇醚嵌段共聚物及其混合物。
优选的是聚乙二醇/聚丙二醇嵌段共聚物、聚乙二醇烷基醚、聚丙二醇烷基醚、聚乙二醇/聚丙二醇醚嵌段共聚物(例如BASF销售的Pluronic系列的化合物)、脂肪酸醇烷氧基化物(例如BASF销售的Plurafac系列的化合物,Uniqema销售的AtlasG5000或Crompton/Witco销售的WitoconolNS500)及其混合物。
离子型和非离子型表面活性剂的优选混合物由聚乙二醇/聚丙二醇醚嵌段共聚物和/或脂肪酸烷氧基化物与磺化苯酚/脲/甲醛缩合物或萘磺酸/甲醛缩合物一起组成(例如诸如BASF销售的WettolD1、TamolNN、TamolNH或Witco销售的MorwetD425的化合物)。
适于上述配制剂类型的粘度调节添加剂是赋予该配制剂以假塑性流动行为,即在静止状态下具有高粘度而在运动状态下具有低粘度的化合物。
合适化合物的实例是多糖或有机片状矿物如黄原酸胶(Kelco的Kelzan)、Rhodopol23(Rhne-Poulenc)或Veegum(R.T.Vanderbilt)或Attaclay(Engelhardt)。
适于本发明配制剂的消泡剂例如为聚硅氧烷乳液(如Wacker的SilikonSRE或Rhodia的Rhodorsil)、长链醇、脂肪酸、有机氟化合物及其混合物。
可以加入杀菌剂来稳定含水杀真菌配制剂。合适的杀真菌剂的实例是ICI的Proxel或Thor Chemie的ActicideRS以及Rohm & Haas的KanthonMK。
合适的抗冻剂的实例是乙二醇、丙二醇或甘油。
为了拓宽作用谱或获得特定效果,例如对昆虫、蜘蛛或螨虫的额外防治,可以将上述配制剂与其它农用化学品活性成分混合,在后一情况下所述其它农用化学品活性成分可以与合适的添加剂一起引入。术语“添加剂”在本上下文中涉及上述表面活性剂和其它助剂的选择。在SC配制剂的情况下,额外的活性成分可以溶于水相中或以细碎形式悬浮。在SE配制剂情况下,除了悬浮的活性成分外,本发明的SC包含在配制剂中以液体或溶解形式乳化的其它活性成分。
适于本发明SE配制剂的有机相的物质是基于烷基苯的芳族烃类,例如二甲苯、甲苯、三甲基苯、甲基乙基苯、二甲基乙基苯、二乙基苯、四甲基苯和五甲基苯。尤其合适的是芳族烃的混合物,如以商品名Solvesso(制造商:Esso)或Shellsol(制造商:Shell)市售的溶剂。可以使用的纯脂族溶剂是液体石蜡(例如Linpar:来自Wintershall的C14-C17烃馏分),还有天然油如菜籽油和大豆油,条件是它们能够充分溶解活性成分。此外,可以使用天然和合成脂肪酸或多元羧酸的酯及其混合物(例如乙酸酯如乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯以及高级醇(C5-C20醇)的乙酸酯、己二酸二烷基酯、戊二酸二烷基酯或柠檬酸烷基酯)。
对本发明而言,术语“农用化学活性成分”应理解为不仅指杀真菌剂,而且指杀虫剂和生长调节剂。
下列杀真菌剂代表了可能的活性成分,但并不限于此:
硫,二硫代氨基甲酸盐及其衍生物,例如二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁(III)、二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、亚乙基双-二硫代氨基甲酸锌、亚乙基双-二硫代氨基甲酸锰、乙二胺双-二硫代氨基甲酸锰锌、二硫化四甲基秋兰姆、(N,N-亚乙基双-二硫代氨基甲酸)锌的氨配合物、(N,N’-亚丙基双-二硫代氨基甲酸)锌的氨配合物、(N,N’-亚丙基双-二硫代氨基甲酸)锌、N,N’-聚亚丙基双(硫代氨基甲酰基)二硫化物;
硝基衍生物,例如巴豆酸二硝基(1-甲基庚基)苯基酯、3,3-二甲基丙烯酸2-仲丁基-4,6-二硝基苯基酯、碳酸2-仲丁基-4,6-二硝基苯基异丙基酯、5-硝基-间苯二甲酸二异丙基酯;
杂环物质,例如乙酸2-十七烷基-2-咪唑啉酯、2,4-二氯-6-(邻氯苯胺基)-s-三嗪、邻苯二甲酰亚胺基硫代膦酸O,O-二乙基酯、5-氨基-1-[双(二甲基氨基)氧膦基]-3-苯基-1,2,4-三唑、2,3-二氰基-1,4-二硫代蒽醌、2-硫代-1,3-二硫杂环戊二烯并[4,5-b]-喹喔啉、1-(丁基氨基甲酰基)-2-苯并咪唑氨基甲酸甲酯、2-甲氧基羰基氨基苯并咪唑、2-(2-呋喃基)-苯并咪唑、2-(4-噻唑基)苯并咪唑、N-(1,1,2,2-四氯乙硫基)四氢邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-三氯甲硫基四氢邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-三氯甲硫基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-二氯一氟甲硫基-N’,N’-二甲基-N-苯基磺酰胺、5-乙氧基-3-三氯甲基-1,2,3-噻二唑、2-硫氰酸基甲硫基苯并噻唑、1,4-二氯-2,5-二甲氧基苯、4-(2-氯苯基亚肼基)-3-甲基-5-异噁唑酮、吡啶-2-硫醇1-氧化物、8-羟基喹啉或其铜盐、2,3-二氢-5-甲酰苯胺基-6-甲基-1,4-氧硫杂环己二烯、2,3-二氢-5-甲酰苯胺基-6-甲基-1,4-氧硫杂环己二烯4,4-二氧化物、2-甲基-5,6-二氢-4H-吡喃-3-甲酰苯胺、2-甲基呋喃-3-甲酰苯胺、2,5-二甲基呋喃-3-甲酰苯胺、2,4,5-三甲基呋喃-3-甲酰苯胺、N-环己基-2,5-二甲基呋喃-3-甲酰胺、N-环己基-N-甲氧基-2,5-二甲基呋喃-3-甲酰胺、2-甲基苯甲酰苯胺、2-碘代苯甲酰苯胺、N-甲酰基-N-吗啉-2,2,2-三氯乙基缩醛、哌嗪-1,4-二基双-1-(2,2,2-三氯乙基)甲酰胺、1-(3,4-二氯苯胺基)-1-甲酰基氨基-2,2,2-三氯乙烷、2,6-二甲基-N-十三烷基吗啉或其盐、2,6-二甲基-N-环十二烷基吗啉或其盐、N-[3-(对叔丁基苯基)-2-甲基丙基]-顺式-2,6-二甲基吗啉、N-[3-(对叔丁基苯基)-2-甲基丙基]哌啶、1-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-4-乙基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基-乙基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑、1-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-4-正丙基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基-乙基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑、N-(正丙基)-N-(2,4,6-三氯苯氧基乙基)-N’-咪唑基脲、1-(4-氯苯氧基)-3,3-二甲基-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-丁酮、1-(4-氯苯氧基)-3,3-二甲基-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-丁醇、(2RS,3RS)-1-[3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)-氧化乙烯-2-基甲基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑、α-(2-氯苯基)-α-(4-氯苯基)-5-嘧啶甲醇、5-丁基-2-二甲基氨基-4-羟基-6-甲基嘧啶、双(对氯苯基)-3-吡啶甲醇、1,2-双(3-乙氧基羰基-2-硫脲基)苯、1,2-双(3-甲氧基羰基-2-硫脲基)苯;
苯胺基嘧啶,例如N-(4,6-二甲基嘧啶-2-基)苯胺、N-[4-甲基-6-(1-丙炔基)嘧啶-2-基]苯胺、N-[4-甲基-6-环丙基嘧啶-2-基]苯胺;
苯基吡咯,例如4-(2,2-二氟-1,3-苯并二氧杂环戊烯-4-基)吡咯-3-甲腈;
肉桂酰胺,例如3-(4-氯苯基)-3-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)丙烯酰基吗啉;和
各种杀真菌剂,例如乙酸十二烷基胍、3-[3-(3,5-二甲基-2-氧基环己基)-2-羟乙基]戊二酰亚胺、六氯苯、N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-N-(2-呋喃甲酰基)-DL-丙氨酸甲酯、DL-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-N-(2’-甲氧基乙酰基)-丙氨酸甲酯、N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-N-氯乙酰基-D,L-2-氨基-丁内酯、DL-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-N-(苯基乙酰基)-丙氨酸甲酯、5-甲基-5-乙烯基-3-(3,5-二氯苯基)-2,4-二氧代-1,3-噁唑烷、3-[3,5-二氯苯基(5-甲基-5-甲氧基甲基)-1,3-噁唑烷-2,4-二酮、3-(3,5-二氯苯基)-1-异丙基氨基甲酰基乙内酰脲、N-(3,5-二氯苯基)-1,2-二甲基环丙烷-1,2-二甲酰亚胺、2-氰基-[N-(乙基氨基羰基)-2-甲氧亚氨基]乙酰胺、1-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)戊基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑、2,4-二氟-α-(1H-1,2,4-三唑基-1-甲基)二苯甲醇、N-(3-氯-2,6-二硝基-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-3-氯-2-氨基吡啶、1-((双(4-氟苯基)甲基甲硅烷基)甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑、N-二甲基-5-氯-2-氰基-4-对甲苯基咪唑-1-磺酰胺、3,5-二氯-N-(3-氯-1-乙基-1-甲基-2-氧代丙基)-4-甲基苯甲酰胺;
嗜球果伞素,例如E-甲氧亚氨基-[α-(邻甲苯氧基)-邻甲苯基]乙酸甲酯、E-2-{2-[6-(2-氰基苯氧基)嘧啶-4-基氧基]苯基}-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯(腈嘧菌酯)、N-甲基-E-甲氧亚氨基-[α-(2-苯氧基苯基)]乙酰胺(叉氨苯酰胺)、N-甲基-E-甲氧亚氨基-[α-(2,5-二甲基苯氧基)-邻甲苯基]乙酰胺、E-2-{2-[(2-三氟甲基吡啶-6-基)氧基甲基]苯基}-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯、(E,E)-甲氧亚氨基-{2-[1-(3-三氟甲基苯基)亚乙基氨基氧基甲基]苯基}乙酸甲酯(三氟敏)、N-(2-{[1-(4-氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基]氧基甲基}苯基)-N-甲氧基氨基甲酸甲酯。
下列杀虫剂代表了可能的活性成分,但并不限于此:
新烟碱类似物(Neonicotinoid)/氯代烟基(Chlornicotinyl)化合物(如吡虫啉、吡虫清、硝胺烯啶、噻虫啉(Thiacloprid)、噻虫嗪(Thiamethoxam)、MIT-446(Terafuranitdine)
吡咯类(如溴虫清(Chlorphenapyr)、氟噁菌)
有机磷酸酯类(如高灭磷、谷硫磷、毒死蜱、乐果、乙拌磷、噻唑酮磷、甲胺磷、杀扑磷、甲基一六零五、砜吸磷、甲拌磷、伏杀磷、亚胺硫磷、丙溴磷、敌百虫、马拉硫磷、磷胺、久效磷、杀螟松、二嗪农、苯硫磷)
氨基甲酸酯类(如棉铃威、涕灭威、丙硫克百威、虫螨威、丁硫克百威、呋线威、灭多虫、甲氨叉威、抗蚜威、硫双灭多威、丁苯威)
合成除虫菊酯类(如氟氯菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、醚菊酯、高氰戊菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氟氰戊菊酯、氟胺氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、氯菊酯、除虫菊酯I、除虫菊酯II、灭虫硅醚、氟胺氰菊酯、四溴菊酯、己体氯氰菊酯)
脲衍生物(如氟脲杀、氟螨脲、氟虫脲、氟铃脲、氟丙氧脲、双苯氟脲、杀虫隆)
保幼激素类似物(如噻嗪酮、噁茂醚、双氧威、蚊蝇醚、甲氧苯酰肼、双苯酰肼)
下列具有生长调节活性的化合物代表了可能的活性成分,但并不限于此:
1-萘基乙酰胺、1-萘基乙酸、2-萘氧基乙酸、坐果胺、促生灵、嘧啶醇、蒽醌、苄胺基嘌呤、脱叶亚磷、脱叶磷、地乐胺、氯甲丹、矮壮素阳离子、苯哒酮酸、环丙酸酰胺、丁酰肼、麦草畏、双古钠、噻节因、杀螨醇、硅长素、乙烯利、果宝素、2,4,5-涕丙酸、2,4,5-TP、氟磺胺素、调嘧醇、粉唑醇、赤霉酸、赤霉素、双胍盐、烯菌灵、吲哚丁酸、吲哚乙酸、karetazan、动力精、lactidichlor-ethyl、抑芽丹、氟草磺、助壮素、抑草生、多效唑、环己酮酸钙、喹草酸、杀雄啉、调环烯、赛二唑素、三碘苯甲酸、抑芽唑、triazethan、丁硫亚磷、抗倒酯、烯效唑。
本发明进一步涉及一种防止植物病原性真菌或由昆虫或螨虫引起的不希望的侵袭和/或调节植物生长的方法,该方法基于适当稀释本发明的SC或SE配制剂并将稀释产物施用于相应害虫或植物,其中在每种情况下SC或SE配制剂可以包含选自上述那些的其它农用化学品活性成分。稀释率取决于活性成分或活性成分组合的性质。
可以由本发明配制剂防治的植物病原性真菌应理解为指例如下列种类:
蔬菜和水果上的链格孢(Alternaria)属、叉丝单囊壳(Podosphaera)属、核盘菌(Sclerotinia)属、Physalospora canker;草莓、蔬菜、观赏植物和葡萄藤上的灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)(灰霉病);黄瓜和草莓上的Corynesporamelonis;黄瓜上的刺盘孢(Colletotrichum)属;蔷薇上的蔷薇双壳(Diplocarpon rosae);柑桔类水果上的柑桔痂囊腔菌(Elsinoe fawcetti)和柑桔间座壳(Diaporthe citri);黄瓜、葫芦科植物、草莓和蔷薇上的单丝壳(Sphaerotheca)属;花生、糖用甜菜、茄子和黑枣上的尾孢(Cercospora)属;葫芦科植物上的二孢白粉菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum)和仓耳单丝壳(Sphaerotheca fuliginea);全香上的鞑靼内丝白粉菌(Leveiillina taurica);苹果和梅上的球腔菌(Mycosphaerella)属;梅上的柿生球针壳(Phyllactiniakakicola)、柿盘长孢(Gloesporium kaki);苹果上的山田胶锈菌(Gymnosporangium yamadae)、仁果细盾霉(Leptotthrydium pomi)、白叉丝单囊壳(Podosphaera leucotricha)和仁果粘壳孢(Gloedes pomigena);梨和梅上的嗜果枝孢(Cladosporium carpophilum);梨上的拟茎点霉(Phomopsis)属;相枯类水果、土豆、洋葱上的Phytopora属;土豆和西红柿上的致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans);禾谷类上的禾白粉病菌(Erysiphegraminis)(白粉病);各种植物上的链孢霉(Fusarium)和轮枝孢(Verticillium)属;茶树上的围小丛而壳(Glomerella cingulata);禾谷类上的长蠕孢(Helminthosporium)属;香蕉和花生上的球腔菌(Mycosphaerella)属;葡萄藤和葡萄柚上的葡萄生单轴霉(Plasmopara viticola);洋葱、菠菜和菊花上的霜霉(Peronospora)属;葡萄柚上的葡萄褐柱丝霉(Phaeoisariopsis vitis)和Spaceloma ampelina;小麦和大麦上的眼斑病菌(Pseudocercosporellaherpotrichoides);啤酒花和黄瓜上的假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora)属;禾谷类上的柄锈菌(Puccinia)属和核瑚菌(Typhula)属;稻上的稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia oryzae);棉花、稻和草坪上的丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)属;小麦上的颖枯壳针孢(Septoria nodorum);葡萄藤上的葡萄钩丝壳(Uncinulanecator);禾谷类和甘蔗上的黑粉菌(Ustilago)属;以及苹果和梨上的黑星菌(Venturia)属(黑星病)。
可以由本发明配制剂防治的昆虫的实例是:
鳞翅目昆虫(蝶和蛾),例如小地老虎、黄地老虎、Alabama argillacea、黎豆夜蛾(Anticarsia gemmatalis)、Argyresthia conjugella、Autographagamma、树尺蠖(Bupalus piniarius)、Cacoecia murinana、Capuareticulana、Cheimatobia brumata、云杉色卷蛾(Choristoneurafumiferana)、Choristoneura occidentalis、Cirphis unipuncta、苹果小卷蛾、Dendrolimus pini、Diaphania nitidalis、西南玉米杆草螟(Diatraeagrandiosella)、埃及钻夜蛾、南美玉米苗斑螟(Elasmopalpus lignosellus)、女贞细卷蛾、Evetria bouliana、Feltia subterranea、蜡螟、李小食心虫、梨小食心虫、棉铃虫、烟芽夜蛾(Heliothis virescens)、玉米穗虫(Heliothiszea)、菜螟、Hibernia defoliaria、美国白蛾、Hyponomeuta malinellus、番茄虫蛾(Keiferia lycopersicella)、Lambdina fiscellaria、甜菜夜蛾、咖啡潜叶蛾(Leucoptera coffeella)、旋纹潜蛾、Lithotis blancardella、葡萄浆果小卷蛾(Lobesia botrana)、甜菜网螟、舞毒蛾、模毒蛾、桃潜蛾、黄褐天幕毛虫、甘蓝夜蛾、Orgyia pseudotsugata、玉米螟、小眼夜蛾、棉花红铃虫、疆夜蛾、圆掌舟蛾、马铃薯麦蛾、柑桔潜叶蛾、欧洲粉蝶、苜蓿绿夜蛾(Plathypena scabra)、菜蛾、大豆夜蛾(Pseudoplusia includens)、Rhyacioniafrustrana、Scrobipalpula absoluta、麦蛾、葡萄卷叶蛾、草地夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)、海灰翅夜蛾(Spodoptera littoralis)、斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)、Thaumatopoea pityocampa、Tortrix viridana、粉纹夜蛾和Zeiraphera canadensis,
鞘翅目昆虫(甲虫),例如梨窄吉丁、直条叩头虫、暗色叩头虫、Amphimallus solstitialis、Anisandrus dispar、墨西哥棉铃象、苹花象、甜菜隐食甲、纵坑切梢小蠹、Blitophaga undata、蚕豆象、豌豆象、欧洲兵豆象、苹卷象、甜菜大龟甲、Cerotoma trifurcata、白菜籽龟象、芫菁龟象、甜菜胫跳甲、Conoderus vespertinus、石刁柏负泥虫,Diabroticalongicornis、Diabrotica 12-punctata、玉米根叶甲(Diabrotica virgifera)、墨西哥豆瓢虫(Epilachna varivestis)、烟草跳甲、棉灰蒙象变种、松树皮象、埃及苜蓿叶象、紫苜蓿叶象(Hypera postica)、云杉八齿小蠹、烟草负泥虫、黑角负泥虫、马铃薯叶甲、Limonius californicus、稻水象甲、Melanotuscommunis、油菜露尾甲(Meligethes aeneus)、大栗鳃金龟、五月鳃金龟、水稻负泥虫、葡萄黑耳喙象、草莓根象甲、辣根猿叶甲、Phyllotretachrysocephala、食叶鳃金龟属,庭园发丽金龟,大豆淡足跳甲、黄曲条菜跳甲、日本金龟子、豌豆叶象和谷象,
双翅目昆虫,例如埃及伊蚊(Aedes aegypti)、剌扰伊蚊(Aedes vexans)、墨西哥果蝇、五斑按蚊(Anopheles maculipennis)、地中海实蝇、蛆症金蝇(Chrysomya bezziana)、Chrysomya hominivorax、Chrysomya macellaria、高粱瘿蚊、Cordylobia anthropophaga、尖音库蚊(Culex pipiens)、瓜蝇、油橄榄实蝇(Dacus oleae)、油菜叶瘿蚊、小毛厕蝇(Fannia canicularis)、马蝇(Gasterophilus intestinalis)、刺舌蝇(Glossina morsitans)、Haematobiairritans、Haplodiplosis equestris、花生田灰地种蝇(Hylemyia platura)、纹皮蝇(Hypoderma lineata)、蔬菜斑潜蝇、美国潜叶蝇、Lucilia caprina、铜绿蝇(Lucilia cuprina)、丝光绿蝇(Lucilia sericata)、Lycoria pectoralis、麦瘿蚊、家蝇(Musca domestica)、厩腐蝇(Muscina stabulans)、羊狂蝇(Oestrus ovis)、欧洲麦秆蝇、天仙子泉蝇、Phorbia antiqua、萝卜蝇、Phorbiacoarctata、樱桃实蝇、苹果实蝇、Tabanus bovinus、Tipula oleracea和欧洲大蚊,
缨翅目昆虫,例如烟褐蓟马、苜蓿花蓟马、东方花蓟马、桔硬蓟马、稻蓟马、棕榈蓟马和烟蓟马,
膜翅目昆虫,例如新疆菜叶蜂、Atta cephalotes、Atta sexdens、Attatexana、Hoplocampa minuta、Hoplocampa testudinea、小黄家蚁(Monomorium pharaonis)、Solenopsis geminata和红火蚁(Solenopsisinvicta),
异翅亚目昆虫,例如拟绿蝽、玉米长蝽、黑斑烟盲蝽、棉红蝽、Dysdercusintermedius、麦扁盾蝽、Euschistus impictiventris、棉红铃喙缘蝽、美洲牧草盲蝽、牧草盲蝽、稻绿蝽、甜菜拟网蝽、Solubea insularis和Thyantaperditor,
同翅亚目昆虫,例如Acyrthosiphon onobrychis、落叶松球蚜、Aphidulanasturtii、甜菜蚜、苹果蚜、接骨木蚜、飞廉短尾蚜、甘蓝蚜、Cerosiphagossypii、高加索冷杉椎球蚜、云杉椎球蚜、居根西圆尾蚜、Dysaulacorthumpseudosolani、蚕豆微叶蝉、麦长管蚜、大戟长管蚜、蔷薇管蚜、巢莱修尾蚜、麦无网蚜、Myzodes persicae、李瘤蚜、稻飞虱、囊柄瘿绵蚜、蔗飞虱、忽布疣蚜、苹木虱、梨木虱、冬葱瘤蛾蚜(Rhopalomyzus ascalonicus)、玉米蚜、Sappaphis mala、Sappaphis mali、麦二叉蚜、榆绵蚜、白粉虱和葡萄根瘤蚜,
等翅目昆虫,例如Calotermes flavicollis、Leucotermes flavipes、欧洲散白蚁和Termes natalensis,
直翅目昆虫,例如居屋艾蟋、东方蜚蠊(Blatta orientalis)、德国小蠊(Blattella germanica)、欧洲球螋(Forficula auricularia)、蝼蛄、飞蝗、双纹黑蝗、红足黑蝗、墨西哥黑蝗(Melanoplus mexicanus)、迁飞黑蝗、石栖黑蝗、条纹红蝗、美洲蟑螂(Periplaneta americana)、美洲沙漠蝗、Schistocerca peregrina、Stauronotus maroccanus和庭疾灶螽,
蜱螨目昆虫,例如长星形壁虱(Amblyomma americanum)、热带花蜱(Amblyomma variegatum)、波斯锐缘蜱(Argas persicus)、牛壁虱(Boophilus annulatus)、Boophilus decoloratus、微小牛蜱(Boophilusmicroplus)、紫红短须螨、苜蓿苔螨、Dermacentor silvarum、鹅耳枥始叶螨、桔芽瘿螨、Hyalomma truncatum、蓖子硬蜱(Ixodes ricinus)、Ixodesrubicundus、Ornithodorus moubata、Otobius megnini、Paratetranychuspilosus、鸡皮刺螨、桔皱叶刺瘿螨、侧多食跗线螨、绵羊疥病(Psoroptesovis)、Rhipicephalus appendiculatus、Rhipicephalus evertsi、人疥螨(Sarcoptes scabiei)、朱砂叶螨、神泽叶螨、太平洋叶螨、棉叶螨(Tetranychustelarius)和二点叶螨,
线虫目昆虫如根结线虫,例如北方根结线虫、南方根结线虫、爪哇根结线虫;孢囊线虫,例如马铃薯金线虫、燕麦胞囊线虫、大豆胞囊线虫、甜菜胞囊线虫、三叶草胞囊线虫;以及茎线虫和叶线虫,例如长尾刺线虫、马铃薯腐烂线虫、起绒草茎线虫、多带螺旋线虫、伸展长针线虫、香蕉穿孔线虫、强壮盘旋线虫、原始毛刺线虫、克来顿矮化线虫、不定矮化线虫、疏忽短体线虫、穿刺短体线虫、Pratylenchus curvitatus和古迪短体线虫。
调节植物生长可以通过上面已经进一步提到的生长调节剂进行或通过使用肥料进行。
上述方法的优选实施方案是防治植物病原性真菌的方法。
所有上述方法均可以通过适当稀释本发明的SC或SE配制剂并将稀释液施用于相应害虫或需要防治相应害虫的材料、植物、土壤和种子而进行,其中各SC或SE配制剂可以额外包含其它杀真菌活性成分。
在本上下文中,本发明的组合物或物质可以在出苗前或出苗后施用。若特定作物不那么好地耐受所述活性成分,则可以使用其中借助喷雾设备喷雾稀SC或SE配制剂的施用技术,以使农用化学品活性成分尽可能少地与(若有的话)敏感作物植株的叶子接触,而是到达裸露的土壤表面上(后定向,最后耕作程序)。
活性成分的施用率为0.001-3.0kg/ha,优选0.01-1.0kg/ha,这取决于防治措施的期望目的、季节、目标植物和生长阶段。
在下文中,本发明方法参考实施例进行说明,但并不限于这些实施例:
实施例1
A)无水物的制备
在合成结束时以热二甲苯溶液得到2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺。缓慢冷却时,基本所有的活性成分都从二甲苯中结晶出来。过滤之后,通过在真空干燥箱中干燥而除去残留的二甲苯,从而以无水物形式得到活性成分。物理性能汇总于表1中。
B)水合物的制备
在40℃下将1g 2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺无水物溶于20ml THF中,然后将所得溶液倾入20ml水中。吸滤沉淀出来的物质,并在40℃下于干燥箱中干燥。如此制备的2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺一水合物的物理性能示于表1中。
C)水合物/无水物转化的分析
使用FT IR光谱仪记录IR光谱。将样品制成KBr片或使用已知的单反射钻石ATR测量单元(Durascope,Resultec)测量。
当使用单反射钻石ATR测量单元进行测量时,将包含待测试固体的悬浮液施于粘土板或滤纸上。随后将除去水后剩下的固体施加于单反射钻石ATR测量单元上。
图1-4中所示的IR光谱(也见表1)还表明在2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺一水合物和2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺无水物之间存在差异。因此,IR光谱法可以用于监测转化率。
使用例如H.P.Klug和L.E.Alexander,X射线衍射方法(1974)或R.Jenkins和R.L.Snyder,X射线粉末衍射法(1996)中描述的标准方法记录示于图5-6中的X射线粉末图(也见表1)。测量使用Cu-Kα辐射在SiemensD-5000衍射仪中在衍射角2θ=4°-35°的范围内在步进为0.02°下进行。
表1
无水物[C18H12Cl2N2O] | 水合物[C18H14Cl2N2O2] | |
摩尔质量 | 343.2g/mol | 361.2g/mol |
熔点(DSC) | 145.2℃ | 吸热峰80-92℃,其它峰位于145.2℃ |
密度 | 1.42g/mol | 1.43g/mol |
X射线反射(2θ)Cu-Kα | 18;22.5;9.5;6 | 27.2;18.5;10.5;7 |
IR吸收 | 1650cm-1 | 1660cm-1,3391cm-1,800cm-1 |
水含量 | <1% | 5% |
实施例2
用于配制实施例1的水合物/无水物的助剂的商品名汇总于表2中。
表2
名称 | 化学名称 | 生产商 |
SilikonSRE | 硅油乳液 | Wacker Chemie |
WettolD1 | 苯酚磺酸、脲和甲醛的缩合物 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft |
PluronicPE 10500 | EO/PO嵌段共聚物 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft |
ProxelGXL | 包含20%的1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮的二丙二醇水溶液 | ICI |
A)无水物的配制剂
将500g 2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺无水物加入30g Wettol D1、40gPluronic PE 10500、4g Proxel GXL、50g丙二醇和5g Silikon SRE在约300ml水中的混合物中。在简单搅拌该混合物之后以2L/h的速率将其泵送通过Dyno KDL磨机(1.2mm珠粒,研磨空间1.2L)。仅仅较短时间后,磨机变得堵塞且必须关闭。在接受器中收集的悬浮液也开始固结化。
B)水合物的配制剂
将500g 2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺一水合物按A下所述与助剂混合。在简单搅拌该混合物之后以2L/h的速率将其泵送通过Dyno KDL磨机(1.2mm珠粒,研磨空间1.2L)。该研磨过程毫无问题地进行。没有观察到磨机的堵塞或接受器中的结晶。在研磨8次之后,得到70%小于2μm的足够细粒度(Malvern Mastersizer),即70%的颗粒的粒径小于2μm。
C)所得配制剂的表征和比较
尽管在实施例2A)下描述的程序甚至在制备完成之前得到不得不丢弃的泥状晶体浆液(配制剂A),但在B)下描述的方法得到储存稳定的配制剂(配制剂B),其中没有观察到进一步的结晶。
所得配制剂B的粒度使用Malvern Mastersizer测量(见表3)。所示数据为小于2μm的颗粒的百分数。
表3
0小时后 | 1个月后[20℃] | 6个月后[20℃] | 1个月后[40℃] | |
粒径[%<2μm] | 79 | 79 | 79 | 75 |
实施例3
通过直接转化制备水合物
A)机械法
将25kg 2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺无水物加入1.5kg WettolD1、2kg PluronicPE 10500、200g ProxelGXL、2.5kg丙二醇和250g SilikonSRE在约15L水中的混合物中。
为了转化成水合物,将该混合物反复通过PuC型转子-定子磨机(辊隙宽度0.2mm,通量200-300L/h)。在每次通过后,通过IR光谱法监测无水物到水合物的转化程度。该转化在通过4-7次后完成。随后通过Dyno磨机的细磨毫无问题地进行。得到满足技术指标的储存稳定的产品。
B)热方法
在可加热的搅拌容器中,按混合规格3A)所述将25kg 2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺无水物与助剂和水混合。使用推进式混合器将该混合物在50℃下搅拌5小时。IR光谱法检测揭示在该期间完全转化成水合物。在冷却到30℃后,将产物在搅拌的球磨机(Dyno型)中研磨;在100L/h的通量下通过8次后得到满足技术指标的产品。
附图说明:
图1:2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺无水物的IR光谱图(1800cm-1-600cm-1)
图2:2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺无水物的IR光谱图(4000cm-1-500cm-1)
图3:2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺一水合物的IR光谱图(1800cm-1-600cm-1)
图4:2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺一水合物的IR光谱图(4000cm-1-500cm-1)
图5:2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺一水合物的X射线粉末衍射谱图[条件:步进:0.020°;步进时间:4.5s;WL1:1.54056;温度:25℃(室温)]
图5:2-氯-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺无水物的X射线粉末衍射谱图[条件:步进:0.020°;步进时间:4.5s;WL1:1.54056;温度:25℃(室温)]
Claims (14)
2.如权利要求1所要求的水合物,呈一水合物的形式。
3.一种制备如权利要求1或2所要求的水合物的方法,包括如下步骤:
a)将I的无水物溶于水溶性有机溶剂中,和
b)通过加入水而沉淀I的水合物。
4.如权利要求3所要求的方法,其中所用有机溶剂为二噁烷、四氢呋喃、二甲基甲酰胺或N-甲基吡咯烷酮或其混合物。
5.一种制备如权利要求1或2所要求的水合物的方法,包括如下步骤:
a)将包含I的无水物的有机溶液与水混合,
b)将在步骤a)中制备的混合物在30-150℃的温度下加热,
c)冷却所得溶液。
6.如权利要求5所要求的方法,其中所用有机溶剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、四氢呋喃、二甲基甲酰胺或N-甲基吡咯烷酮或其混合物。
7.一种制备如权利要求1或2所要求的水合物的方法,包括如下步骤:
a)将I的固体无水物与水混合,
b)将在步骤a)中制备的混合物在30-150℃的温度下加热,直到该无水物转化成水合物,或
c)将在步骤a)中制备的混合物在暴露于剪切力下温热,直到该无水物转化成水合物。
8.如权利要求5-7中任一项所要求的方法,其中将在步骤a)中制备的混合物与配制助剂混合。
9.如权利要求5所要求的方法,其中将在步骤a)中制备的溶液在30-70℃的温度下温热。
10.一种胶悬剂,包含权利要求1或2所要求的水合物作为主要组分。
11.一种多相悬浮乳剂,包含权利要求1或2所要求的水合物作为主要组分。
12.一种防治植物病原性真菌的方法,包括将权利要求10所要求的胶悬剂或权利要求11所要求的多相水悬浮乳剂稀释并将所得溶液施用于害虫或需要防治所述害虫的材料、植物、土壤和种子。
13.如权利要求12所要求的方法,其中胶悬剂或悬浮乳剂在每种情况下包含至少一种其它的杀真菌活性成分。
14.一种防治植物病原性真菌并同时防止昆虫或螨虫的不希望的侵袭和/或调节植物生长的方法,包括将权利要求10所要求的胶悬剂或权利要求11所要求的多相水悬浮乳剂稀释并将稀释产物施用于所述害虫或需要防止所述害虫侵袭的材料、植物、土壤和种子,其中所述胶悬剂或悬浮乳剂在每种情况下可以包含至少一种其它的农用化学品活性成分。
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WO2018024148A1 (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2018-02-08 | Jiangsu Rotam Chemistry Co., Ltd | Process for preparing boscalid |
TWI777967B (zh) * | 2016-08-04 | 2022-09-21 | 香港商龍燈農業化工國際有限公司 | 製備白克列(Boscalid)之方法 |
CN106083712A (zh) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-09 | 王正友 | 一种烟酰苯胺盐的合成方法 |
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