CN1315906A - 用于喷墨印刷的转印纸 - Google Patents

用于喷墨印刷的转印纸 Download PDF

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CN1315906A
CN1315906A CN99810480A CN99810480A CN1315906A CN 1315906 A CN1315906 A CN 1315906A CN 99810480 A CN99810480 A CN 99810480A CN 99810480 A CN99810480 A CN 99810480A CN 1315906 A CN1315906 A CN 1315906A
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安东尼·科内利斯·德菲瑟
科内利斯·亨德里克斯·科内利森
科尔特·约翰内斯·斯波尔泰
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Neenah Coldenhove BV
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Abstract

本发明提供了适合用于喷墨印刷的转印纸,其至少在待印刷的一面上具有隔离层或阻挡层,且该等涂层具有最多为100毫升/分钟的孔隙度,且还提供了一种制备所述转印纸的方法和用喷墨印刷机由可升华油墨的水分散体印刷所述转印纸的方法。

Description

用于喷墨印刷的转印纸
本发明涉及转印纸。
转印纸是用于印刷具有聚酯涂料的织物和材料,特别是用于印刷聚酯织物,及聚酯与其它纤维的混合物。这样,通过通常的印刷技术(苯胺印刷、胶版印刷、凹版印刷或旋转网屏印刷)将图案、样式或画线涂覆至纸张上。根据印刷技术,油墨是稀流体或糊状形式。油墨或糊状含有可升华染料组分。通过加热,在转印过程中,油墨的可升华组分然后被转印至待印刷的表面上。在这个过程中,通常用于转印染料的温度是在约170℃-210℃的温度范围之内。在油墨中染料的转印过程中,通过加热和加压的方式,一部分染料经常留在纸张上。在转印过程中可升华染料从纸张上转印至织物上的程度是被称作转印效率。
为了降低在转印过程中,非转印染料的量,在过去曾建议采取措施以改进转印率(转印效率)。这些措施之一是涉及将薄层(隔离层或阻挡层)涂覆至纸张的光滑面(即待印刷的一面)上,使得染料更容易地转印至基材上。
在阻隔层的情况下,该阻隔层防止油墨的染料过深地渗透至纸张中。该薄层也可被涂覆至纸张上以确保涂覆至其上的材料可被再次容易地除去或进一步移动。这样,此种薄层被称作为隔离层。在许多情况下。隔离和阻挡功能可被同一材料实现。
通过将隔离层或阻挡层涂覆至纸张上,在热转印过程之后,较少的染料保持在纸张上,这在经济上是有利的。用于这种隔离层或阻挡层的合适材料(特别是在水基油墨的情况下)是亲水性聚合物例如羧甲基纤维素。通过薄层的涂覆,染料从纸张转印至最终被印刷的表面上的程度是增加了。此种薄层的涂覆对染料的转印效率的影响是例如参见由Dr.U.Einsele和Prof.Dr.Herlinger发表的文章,MelliandTextilberichte,7,1987,pp487-494。
事实上,涂覆此种阻隔层至纸张的背面(不是要印刷的那面)是公知地防止了“复像效应”。这个效应尤其发生在印刷后的转印纸的储存过程中。这个储存过程通常是以辊状形式进行。具有抗重像阻隔层的此种纸张通常具有约200毫升/分钟的孔隙度。
孔隙度是定义为按照国际标准确定的透气性。可利用的国际标准尤其是用于确定纸张粗燥度的国际标准8791-2和用于纸张的透气性或孔隙度的国际标准5636-3。用AB Lorentzen & Wettre,kista,Sweden公司的L & W Bendtsen Tester可进行这方面的测试。
通过接触印刷方法且特别是旋转网屏印刷方法进行纸张印刷(例如在这种情况下的转印纸的印刷)的缺点是必须制备印刷模型,例如网屏或模板。制作印刷模板增加了成本。这些成本对小批量(小长度)或对大批量(大长度)的试样而言是高的。结果,对于更小的长度、试样和一次设计,必须需要较高成本。对于此种用途,这通常使得接触印刷方法是昂贵的。
对于转印纸的印刷的另一种可能性是无接触印刷方法。在这个方法中,数字性图象是通过喷墨印刷机或其它例如静电技术转印至载体材料上。这种工艺相对于接触印刷方法具有的优势是不必使用模板、网屏或其它印刷模型。当使用计算机控制时(例如DTP技术),是可能将图象直接印刷在转印纸上。
已公知涉及适合于用喷墨印刷机印刷的纸张的许多出版物。下面将列举其中的一些。例如,欧洲专利申请EP-A0730976公开了用于喷墨印刷机的纸张,其是适合用基于实质上含有羧基作为亲水性官能团的水溶性染料的油墨印刷的,这种纸张不含有碳酸钙。而在将印刷的至少一面上具有吸水性颜料和水性粘合剂作为主要成分。
DE19628342公开了一种用作喷墨印刷的纸张,其含有包含颜料和粘合剂的薄层,该颜料基本上是由膨润土和粘合剂(是由亲水性粘合剂或其与疏水性粘合剂的混合物组成)组成。
DE19618607介绍了一种喷墨印刷机的纸张,其包含一基材和着色层,而在着色层上有由细孔状阳离子电荷中心组成的薄层,其包括无机颜料和/或填料。该颜料着色层可以包含尤其是羧甲基纤维素。
DE19628341介绍了一种适合用水性油墨印刷的纸张,其中将一薄层涂覆至临时的载体上,所述薄层由热塑性合成颗粒和粘合剂组成,而作为粘合剂,尤其是可使用羧甲基纤维素。
EP770729介绍了一种适合用水性油墨印刷的纸张,其中通过在涂覆步骤之前将纸张经受一个消除由涂覆步骤引起的收缩的处理而防止了尺寸不稳定性。
对于用在接触印刷方法和非接触印刷方法中的升华转印的油墨可以是水基。水基油墨是用水作为主要液体组分制得的油墨,其中染料颗粒是分散在液体中。对于此种油墨,可添加增稠剂以使得例如在旋转网屏印刷工艺中能够将油墨加工成糊状。可用在上述工艺中油墨通常包含粒径为约1微米的染料颗粒。
在非接触印刷工艺中、特别是在喷墨印刷中使用水基油墨的的缺点是油墨的水性组合物使得不同的颜色区域相互重叠,以致于得到降低的颜色对比度。结果,由于涉及到图象的清晰度和颜色区域的对比度,印刷工艺的结果是经常具有降低的质量。而且,颜色区域的均匀性受到负面影响。水基油墨的这个缺点在通过喷墨印刷机印刷公知类型的转印纸的过程中显现。特别适合喷墨印刷的纸张类型是不适合用在上述的情况中,主要是因为相当低的转印效率。
正如在接触印刷工艺中将油墨稠化成糊状,并不适用于喷墨印刷,因为油墨不能再被喷射。由此,不能解决喷墨印刷情况下的油墨流动的问题。
因此,遇到了困难。
一方面,在接触印刷方法中,油墨的流动和印刷图象的非均匀性可用糊状油墨得以防止,但是这使得生产印刷模型具有更高的成本。
另一方面,制备印刷模型的成本可通过非接触印刷方法例如喷墨印刷而避免,但是在那种情况下,使用了稀流体油墨且该油墨可以流动。
令人惊奇地,现已发现所述困难得以解决,因此,如果使用其上涂覆有此种厚度和密度的隔离层或阻挡层的转印纸将不具有上述缺点,且其具有如此组成以致于其上具有涂层的纸张具有低的透气性和/或孔隙度。因为基体纸张(其上无涂层的纸张)的孔隙度通常是高于(约2000-3000毫升/分钟)涂层纸张的许多倍,所以透气性是通过涂层进行确定。
因此,本发明涉及适合用作喷墨印刷的转印纸,其在待印刷的至少一面上具有隔离层或阻挡层,该等层具有最多为100毫升/分钟的孔隙度。孔隙度是根据国际标准5636-3进行测定的。
本发明的纸张的使用没有或极少量地影响各个颜料的流动且同时,在染料转印至表面的过程中,得到高的转印效率。
本发明也包含用于制备喷墨印刷的转印纸的方法,其中将隔离层或阻挡层通过一种涂层方法涂覆至待印刷的一面上,在所述涂层方法中,首先涂覆过量的阻隔材料且然后用刮板(刮刀)或辊刀刮除,从而得到孔隙度最多为100毫升/分钟的涂层。
在现有技术中,此种隔离层或阻挡层也可用转印辊而不用上述的刮刀或辊刀工艺涂覆。在本申请中,并不排除涂覆涂层的这种可能性,发明者的经验是,这通常不能得到具有足够的所需性能的纸张。在已用转印辊涂覆了涂层的纸张上涂层的结构通常被认为是过于开放。那就是说,涂层和纸张的孔隙度是太高且转印效率是更低。然而,通过利用能够提供更紧密涂层的方法涂覆另外的涂层,可克服用转印辊涂覆的涂层的过于开放的结构。
本发明进一步涉及一种印刷转印纸的方法,其中当纸张由喷墨印刷机用可升华油墨的水分散体印刷时,在油墨中(基本上)不发生染料的吸收或在油墨中不发生非均匀吸收。
本发明也涉及转印纸用于采用喷墨印刷机的印刷的用途,以及涉及用喷墨印刷机对表面进行印刷的方法,其中将图案涂覆至载体材料上而不是纸张上,例如是适合于此种用途的带有隔离层或阻挡层的塑料膜上,且其中,通过转印,随后将图案转印至待印刷的表面(基材)上。法国专利说明书76022691介绍了用于适于用喷墨印刷机的转印纸的含有可升华染料的水基油墨。
根据本发明的优选实施方案,待涂覆至纸张上的合适涂层是亲水性聚合物,例如聚乙烯醇、羧甲基纤维素、藻酸盐和明胶或它们的混合物,优选为羧甲基纤维素。在本发明的优选实施方案中,使用取代度为约0.2-0.3羧甲基纤维素。
在一优选实施例中,纸张具有如此的一层羧甲基纤维素以使该层具有最多为100毫升/分钟的孔隙度,更优选最多为75毫升/分钟,且最优选是0-25毫升/分钟。
隔离层或阻挡层也可包含填料例如高岭土、滑石等。这些填料可以最高为15重量%的用量使用只要涂层的性能不因此受到负面影响就行了。而且,对于隔离层或阻挡层,或对于填料或基材纸,可添加不可转印的染料例如作为纸张的鉴定。
涂层可以本领域公知的方式涂覆,例如用刮刀或辊刀涂敷。为得到足够厚和紧密的涂层,可将几层叠加涂覆。涂层的厚度必须使得涂层足够紧密和密闭。对于足够厚以得到所需孔隙度的涂层,要求相关层的干重是1-10g/m2,优选2-4g/m2,其依赖于添加至该涂层中的填料(如果有的话)。
密实的涂层指的是涂层的量达到使得在放大倍数为60倍的扫描电子显微镜下在未处理纸张表面上通常可见的开孔可明显地降低。本发明的纸张的涂层的开孔的尺寸是在5-35微米的范围之内。在本发明的纸张的单位面积上的开孔数目是每平方毫米为约20个。而对于经涂层用于抗重像用途的普通转印纸是每平方毫米为约80个。
因此,本发明者在不希望受限制的情况下推定涂层的厚度和组成用于吸收水分,而涂层的性能和单位面积的少量孔保证达到如下效果,其中分散的油墨颗粒基本上保留在涂层的上面而不或仅仅极其有限地渗透至涂层中或涂层的开孔中。隔离层具有如此组成使得可升华染料的水分散体中水是吸收得较快,可能通过垫板纸或在基材纸和本发明涂层之间的任何其它涂层,而没有涂层堵塞,即不再吸收和/或通过水。
在一优选实施方案中,隔离层或阻挡层通常涂敷至纸幅的网面。纸张的网面通常是比毛毯面更光滑。因此,可更容易地得到足够光滑和密实的涂层,及进一步,得到密实的涂层需要较少的材料。然而,这没有改变如下事实,将足够厚和光滑的隔离层或阻挡层涂敷至毛毯面将不具有相同的效果。原则上说,在更密实的涂层中,转印效率和图象的均匀性得以改进。
如上所述,涂覆阻隔层至纸张的网面的优点是纸张的网面更光滑。结果,涂覆的隔离层或阻挡层也可具有更恒定的厚度。具有恒定厚度的更均匀涂层保证了更均匀的吸收或油墨中水的传输,这增加了转印的质量。涂覆隔离层或阻挡层至网面的另一个优点是通常在纸张上存在的不规则性具有更小的影响。当这些不规则性达到使得涂层不能覆盖或较低程度地覆盖它们的程度,那么涂层及由此纸张的孔隙度局部增加。因为这是局部地发生,所以在这个位置的油墨在涂覆过程中将吸收在纸张的纤维中。这个非均匀吸收不仅仅影响转印效率的降低,而且影响可升华染料从纸张至表面上的不规则转印,其是不受欢迎的。在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,隔离层或阻挡层具有不引起非均匀吸收的厚度。
用在本发明的优选实施方案中的纸张是具有如下组成使得在隔离层或阻挡层的涂覆及用水性油墨的印刷过程中,保留了足够的强度和尺寸稳定性,以致于纸张将不会强烈地起皱或不表现出尺寸不稳定性,至少不在印刷过程中。纸张具有从40-120g/m2,优选50-100g/m2,优选60-80g/m2的重量。
在现有技术中,公知纸张是用喷墨印刷机用于具有照相质量的印刷图象中。这涉及通常具有更厚质量(高达约250g/m2)和在正常条件下的纸张。这种纸张在尺寸稳定性方面经受极高的要求。这种纸张必须保持高达300%的承载量,即三种颜色是用最大的颜色密度或强度相互叠加印刷。也将这种纸张称作照相喷墨纸张。当此种照相喷墨纸张是具有本发明的隔离层或阻挡层。高承载量证明是可能的,同时保留了纸张的尺寸稳定性。这也没有涉及可升华染料的任何流动,而转印效率仍是高的。
由此,在一个实施方案中,本发明也涉及适合与用喷墨印刷机印刷和用由单个或多个涂层基材组成的纸张,且其包含本发明所述的(顶)层,优选是羧甲基纤维素层。
在进一个实施方案中,本发明的纸张是在通过喷墨印刷机用含有可升华染料的水性油墨印刷纸张的过程中,基本上不发生油墨的流动。
在制备用于喷墨印刷的转印纸的方法中,将隔离层或阻挡层涂覆至基材纸上,优选涂覆至其网面上,而首先通过涂层工艺涂覆过量的羧甲基纤维素的约10-25%重量水溶液作为粘性胶体,且随后用一个刮刀(刀片)刮涂并以通常的方式干燥。
当刮涂工艺〔例如刮刀或辊刀)是不足以得到足够光滑和紧密的涂层时,是可能是已涂覆至纸张上的涂层经受进一步的处理。在这种进一步处理中,例如通过旋转网屏印刷以小圆点的形式将另外的涂层涂覆至纸张上。这些圆点随后相互运动而形成薄膜。这样,可以在用刮刀涂层的过程中形成的刮涂条纹可被屏蔽和/或被填充。
在设计用于印刷转印纸的方法中,可升华染料的水分散体是通过喷墨印刷机涂覆至纸张上,并且在涂覆之后油墨基本上不流动。这意味着没有发生象素的强烈混合且得到具有良好分辨率和颜色均匀性。
在本发明的实施方案中,得到转印纸,其在用喷墨印刷机在涂层上印刷之后表现出转印效率的明显改进。带有涂层的本发明纸张平均上表现出超过80%的明显更高的转印效率,相比于通过旋转网目印刷方法印刷的常规转印纸,其表现出平均为65%的转印效率。
所述方法也可用于由喷墨印刷机印刷载体材料而不是纸张,例如是适于此的塑料膜,所述材料具有本发明的隔离层或阻挡层。由喷墨印刷机将可升华染料的水分散体涂覆至所述材料上,所述染料是通过转印法转印至表面上。
图象可最终转印至其上的表面可以是例如石头、木头、金属或其它材料,它们带有涂层例如聚酯涂层。用于合适载体材料和待印刷表面和涂层的条件是它们耐受转印法的通常温度并保持它们的形状和尺寸。对于可升华油墨,施加在约170℃-210℃之间的转印温度,这依赖于表面和油墨的组成。这意味着当构成载体材料和表面的材料是膜材料或其它塑料时,这些材料的处理温度将必须高于转印温度。
在上述实施方案中,可将除常规转印纸的基材用于喷墨印刷,例如由单个或多个涂层基材或薄膜组成的照相高级喷墨纸。这些材料本身已具有低至极低的孔隙度。为了表明本发明的涂层的定义也涉及于此,可从下述内容出发。
在其它基材中,例如照相高级喷墨纸张,它们已涂覆了本发明的涂层,那么可确定转印效率。这个转印效率是相比于如上所述的基材纸(其具有本发明的CMC涂层)得到的转印效率。当这些转印效率相对应时,推定两层的孔隙度也是相对应的。
在附图中,隔离层或阻挡层的效应可见的。所有显微记录是用放大率为60倍的扫描电子显微镜得到的。
图1:未涂层的转印纸,从网面上观察。
图2:在毛毯面上涂层的转印纸(抗皱纸)。
图3:用于喷墨印刷的转印纸,在毛毯面上涂层。
现将基于几个实施例描述本发明。实施例:
        纸张类型1          纸张类型2
重量 g/m2 70  64  90  70  64
粗燥度(Bn)网面 毫升/分钟 33  25  24  25
粗燥度(Bn)毛毯面 毫升/分钟 140  200  220  220  240
无隔离层的孔隙度 毫升/分钟 约3000 约3000  950  1000  1300
有隔离层的孔隙度 g/m2 0  1  4  5  7
涂层量 约2.2 约2.2  约1.8
转印效率* ++ ++ - + ++
对比* +++ +++ ++ ++ ++
均匀性* ++ ++ + + +
*通过内部试验组的可见评估方法,评估范围+++/++/+/±/-/--/---

Claims (18)

1、一种适合用于喷墨印刷的转印纸,其至少在待印刷的一面上具有隔离层或阻挡层,其中该等涂层具有最多为100毫升/分钟的孔隙度。
2、如权利要求1所述的转印纸,其中将隔离层或阻挡层涂覆至网面上。
3、如权利要求1所述的转印纸,其中孔隙度至多是75毫升/分钟。
4、如权利要求1-3任一所述的转印纸,其中孔隙度是0-25毫升/分钟。
5、如权利要求1-4任一所述的转印纸,其中隔离层或阻挡层是基于聚乙烯醇、羧甲基纤维素、藻酸盐、明胶或它们的混合物。
6、如权利要求5所述的转印纸,其中隔离层或阻挡层是基于羧甲基纤维素。
7、如权利要求1-6任一所述的转印纸,其中隔离层或阻挡层可含有高达15%的填料。
8、如权利要求7所述的转印纸,其中所述填料是高岭土或滑石。
9、如权利要求1-8任一所述的转印纸,其中将不可转印性染料添加至隔离层或阻挡层中或添加至纸张中。
10、如权利要求1-9任一所述的转印纸,其中在利用喷墨印刷机由含有可升华染料的分散体的水性油墨印刷纸张的过程中,基本上不发生油墨的流动。
11、如权利要求1-10任一所述的转印纸,其中所述纸张是具有照相质量。
12、如权利要求11所述的转印纸,其中所述纸张具有单个或多个涂层基材。
13、用于制备如权利要求1-12的喷墨印刷的转印纸的方法,其中将隔离层或阻挡层通过一种涂层方法涂覆至待印刷的一面上,在所述涂层方法中,首先涂覆过量的阻隔材料且然后用刮板(刮刀)或辊刀刮除,从而得到孔隙度最多为100毫升/分钟的涂层。
14、如权利要求13所述的方法,其中涂层是基于聚乙烯醇、羧甲基纤维素、藻酸盐或它们的混合物,并选择性地带有填料。
15、如权利要求13或14所述的方法,其中所述涂层是基于羧甲基纤维素。
16、用于印刷如权利要求1-12之任一的转印纸的方法,其中在利用喷墨印刷机由含有可升华染料的分散体的水性油墨印刷纸张的过程中,基本上不发生油墨的流动和/或发生非均匀性吸收。
17、如权利要求1-12之任一的转印纸用于利用喷墨印刷机进行印刷的用途。
18、一种用于对表面进行印刷的方法,其中用喷墨印刷机将图案提供给载体材料而不是纸上,该载体材料具有孔隙度最多为100毫升/分钟的隔离层或阻挡层,且其中随后通过转印将图案提供给所述表面上。
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CN100415985C (zh) * 2005-12-21 2008-09-03 上海迪纺纺织科技有限公司 转移印花纸的隔离处理剂
CN102448731A (zh) * 2009-03-30 2012-05-09 阿祖里特投资有限公司 喷墨印刷用转印纸的制备
CN101590774B (zh) * 2009-06-19 2012-11-14 黄尚进 一种水溶性转印纸
CN103442898B (zh) * 2011-03-29 2016-03-16 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 喷墨介质
CN103442898A (zh) * 2011-03-29 2013-12-11 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 喷墨介质
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CN102275397A (zh) * 2011-06-27 2011-12-14 浙江华人数码印刷有限公司 金属板材上的热转印工艺
CN102277781A (zh) * 2011-08-04 2011-12-14 滁州云林数码影像耗材有限公司 一种应用于升华型喷墨打印转印用的转印纸
CN103287146A (zh) * 2013-05-03 2013-09-11 戚裕 一种新型快干热升华转印介质
CN103287146B (zh) * 2013-05-03 2015-07-15 戚裕 一种快干热升华转印介质
CN107000458A (zh) * 2014-11-12 2017-08-01 奥古斯特科勒纸厂欧洲公司 热升华纸,制备其的方法和其用途
CN107000458B (zh) * 2014-11-12 2019-08-27 奥古斯特科勒纸厂欧洲公司 热升华纸,制备其的方法和其用途
US9499000B2 (en) 2014-12-04 2016-11-22 Transfer Innovative-Material Sublimation transfer paper for inkjet printing
CN104527255A (zh) * 2015-01-23 2015-04-22 全斯福新材料(苏州)有限公司 一种用于丝绸的喷墨打印转印纸及其制备方法
CN107921804A (zh) * 2015-06-12 2018-04-17 科尔登霍夫路浩有限公司 用于喷墨印刷的改良的转印纸
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CN106752397A (zh) * 2016-11-15 2017-05-31 苏州吉谷新材料有限公司 一种热升华转印涂层
CN110168162A (zh) * 2017-01-25 2019-08-23 三菱制纸株式会社 纸印染法中使用的印染用纸
CN110978839A (zh) * 2019-12-03 2020-04-10 佛山市长盛兴隆装饰材料有限公司 一种防水防污的热转印纸和制备方法及承印物
CN110978839B (zh) * 2019-12-03 2021-11-09 佛山市长盛兴隆装饰材料有限公司 一种防水防污的热转印纸和制备方法及承印物
CN112622469A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-09 福州艾瑞数码影像有限公司 一种能防止升华染料墨水迁移的喷墨打印热转印膜

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