CN1263834C - 用于光阻剂的清洁溶液及使用该溶液形成图案的方法 - Google Patents
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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Abstract
本发明揭示一种用于光阻剂的清洁溶液,其可在形成光阻剂图案的显影最终步骤中用于清洁半导体基材。还揭示一种使用该溶液形成光阻剂图案的方法。本发明所揭示的清洁溶液包括作为溶液的H2O、作为表面活性剂的式1所示的磷酸盐-醇胺盐、及醇化合物。本发明所揭示的清洁溶液比用作常规清洁溶液的蒸馏水具有更低的表面张力,因而可改善对光阻剂图案坍塌的抗性并可稳定光阻剂图案的形成。
Description
技术领域
本发明揭示一种用于光阻剂(photoresist)的清洁溶液,其可在形成光阻剂图案的显影最终步骤中用于清洁半导体基材。具体言之,本发明揭示一种清洁溶液,其包括作为主要的溶剂的H2O、作为添加剂的表面活性剂磷酸盐-醇胺盐、及醇化合物,还揭示了使用该溶液形成图案的方法。
背景技术
由于半导体装置变得更小,因此光阻剂图案的纵横比(亦即光阻剂的厚度或高度对所形成图案的线宽的比例)增加。
当所形成的光阻剂图案的高度超出临界高度时,光阻剂的毛细作用力会超过其弹性,因而导致清洁过程中图案坍塌。
为了克服此问题,通过增加光阻剂的内部弹性(inner elasticity)或降低其表面张力而增强底层与光阻剂间的黏着力。
通常,在半导体基材上形成光阻剂图案的方法包括下列步骤:在半导体基材上形成底层;在该底层上形成光阻剂薄膜;及通过曝光及显影过程来曝光底层的一部分而形成光阻剂图案。在正性光阻剂的情况下,曝光部分的光阻剂薄膜通过显影溶液移除以形成光阻剂图案。
上述方法的最终步骤是在半导体基材旋转的同时从旋转装置喷雾蒸馏水其上,从而移除残留光阻剂薄膜的清洁过程。此过程中,由于蒸馏水的高表面张力使图案坍塌。
传统上,美国专利号5,374,502揭示具有高纵横比的光阻剂图案坍塌可通过使用包括叔戊醇、2-甲基-2-丁醇、1-丁醇、叔丁醇、3-戊醇及异丁基醇的清洁溶液予以避免。
此外,美国专利号5,474,877揭示可通过使用其表面张力可通过加热而降低的清洁溶液来避免光阻剂图案的坍塌。然而,现有技术所提供的溶液均未尽理想,因此仍需要可解决高纵横比光阻剂图案的问题的改良的清洁溶液。
发明内容
据此,本发明揭示一种用于光阻剂图案的清洁溶液,其表面张力降低以避免在移除残留光阻剂薄膜的最终显影步骤中光阻剂图案坍塌。还揭示了一种使用该溶液形成图案的方法。
附图说明
图1为实施例9所得的光阻剂图案的照片。
图2为实施例10所得的光阻剂图案的照片。
图3为实施例11所得的光阻剂图案的照片。
图4为实施例12所得的光阻剂图案的照片。
图5为实施例13所得的光阻剂图案的照片。
图6为实施例14所得的光阻剂图案的照片。
图7为实施例15所得的光阻剂图案的照片。
图8为实施例16所得的光阻剂图案的照片。
图9为比较例2所得的光阻剂图案的照片。
具体实施方式
用于光阻剂的清洁溶液包括作为溶液的H2O,及作为表面活性剂下式1所示的化合物:
式1
其中
R为C2-C20烷基或C6-C25烷基芳基;
x、y及z独立地为0至10的整数;
a为2或3;及
b为2至50的整数。
式1化合物为盐类因此其为水可溶性。并且式1化合物在一分子中同时包含亲水基团如羟基,以及疏水基团如长链的烷基,因此显著降低了表面张力。
优选,式1化合物的磷酸盐-醇胺盐如式2或式3所示:
式2
式3
其中
R为C2-C20烷基或C6-C25烷基芳基;
x、y及z独立地为0至10的整数;及
n为1至49的整数。
式2或式3化合物中,R优选为C6-C14烷基或C12-C20烷基芳基,且更优选选自:辛基、辛基苯基、壬基、壬基苯基、癸基、癸基苯基、十一烷基、十一烷基苯基、十二烷基及十二烷基苯基,n为5至10的整数,及x、y及z独立为0至2的整数。
更具体言之,式2化合物选自:其中R为壬基,x、y及z为1及n为7的化合物;其中R为辛基,x、y及z为1及n为7的化合物;其中R为十二烷基,x、y及z为0及n为7的化合物;及其中R为辛基苯基,x、y及z为1及n为3的化合物。
还有,式3化合物选自:其中R为壬基,x、y及z为1及n为7的化合物;其中R为辛基,x、y及z为1及n为7的化合物;其中R为十二烷基,x、y及z为0及n为7的化合物;及其中R为辛基苯基,x、y及z为1及n为3的化合物。
本发明所揭示的清洁溶液的水优选为蒸馏水。
本发明所揭示的清洁溶液进一步包括醇。
上述醇包括C1-C10烷基醇或C1-C10烷氧基烷基醇。优选,该C1-C10烷基醇选自甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、仲丁醇、叔丁醇、1-戊醇、2-戊醇、3-戊醇、2,2-二甲基-1-丙醇及其混合物,而C1-C10烷氧基烷基醇系选自2-甲氧基乙醇、2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙醇、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇、3-甲氧基-1,2-丙二醇及其混合物。
本发明所揭示的清洁溶液中,作为表面活性剂的式1化合物的含量占该溶液总重的0.001至2重量%,且该醇的含量占该溶液总重的0至20重量%。
当式1化合物的含量小于0.001重量%时,降低表面张力的效果减小。当式1化合物的含量大于2重量%,亦会使降低表面张力的效果减小,且残留的式1化合物会残留在晶片(wafer)上。
此外,当醇的含量大于20重量%时,醇会溶解光阻剂材料,因而使图案坍塌。
具体地是,式2化合物的含量占该溶液总重的0.001至2重量%,更优选为0.01至1重量%,且醇的含量占该溶液总重的0至20重量%,更优选为0.01至10重量%。
作为表面活性剂的式3化合物的含量占该溶液总重的0.001至2重量%,优选0.001至1重量%,且醇的含量占该溶液总重的0至10重量%,更优选0.001至5重量%。
本发明所揭示的清洁溶液是通过使蒸馏水、式1化合物及醇的混合物经0.2微米滤纸过滤而制得的。
一种形成光阻剂图案的方法,包括:
(a)制备半导体基材,其上形成有底层;
(b)在该底层上涂布光阻剂而形成光阻剂薄膜;
(c)曝光该光阻剂薄膜;
(d)使曝光的光阻剂薄膜显影;及
(e)使用本发明所揭示的清洁溶液清洁所得的结构。
上述方法又包括在步骤(c)之前的软烘烤步骤或步骤(c)之后的后烘烤步骤。优选该烘烤过程在70至200℃范围内的温度进行。
上述曝光步骤中,光源优选选自KrF(248nm)、ArF(193nm)、VUV(157nm)、EUV(13nm)、E-电子束、X-射线及离子束。该曝光步骤优选在曝光能量为0.1至50mJ/cm2的范围内进行。
上述显影步骤(d)以碱性显影溶液进行,其优选为0.01至5重量%范围的TMAH水溶液。
如上所述,通过使用本发明所揭示的包括式1的化合物为表面活性剂的清洗溶液可以防止光阻剂图案的坍塌。
此外,本发明揭示依据上述方法制造的半导体装置。
用于光阻剂的上述清洁溶液将参考下列实施例更详细描述,但其并非用以限制本发明。
实施例1.清洁溶液的制备及表面张力的测量
将其中R为壬基,x、y及z分别为1且n为7的式2化合物(0.3克)、甲醇(1克)及蒸馏水(99克)搅拌1分钟。所得混合物经0.2微米的滤纸(filter)过滤获得本发明所揭示的清洁溶液。藉KRUSS K9张力计的测量仪器测量的本发明所揭示的清洁溶液的表面张力为31N m/m2。
实施例2.清洁溶液的制备及表面张力的测量
将其中R为辛基,x、y及z分别为1且n为7的式2化合物(0.3克)、甲醇(1克)及蒸馏水(99克)搅拌1分钟。所得混合物经0.2微米的滤纸过滤获得本发明所揭示的清洁溶液。通过KRUSS K9测量的本发明所揭示清洁溶液的表面张力为32N m/m2。
实施例3.清洁溶液的制备及表面张力的测量
将其中R为十二烷基,x、y及z分别为0且n为7的式2化合物(0.3克)、异丙醇(1克)及蒸馏水(99克)搅拌1分钟。所得混合物经0.2微米的滤纸过滤获得本发明所揭示的清洁溶液。通过KRUSS K9测量的本发明所揭示清洁溶液的表面张力为28N m/m2。
实施例4.清洁溶液的制备及表面张力的测量
将其中R为辛基苯基,x、y及z分别为1且n为3的式2化合物(0.3克)、异丙醇(1克)及蒸馏水(99克)搅拌1分钟。所得混合物经0.2微米的滤纸过滤获得本发明所揭示的清洁溶液。通过KRUSS K9测量的本发明所揭示清洁溶液的表面张力为29N m/m2。
实施例5.清洁溶液的制备及表面张力的测量
将其中R为壬基,x、y及z分别为1且n为7的式3化合物(0.3克)、甲醇(1克)及蒸馏水(99克)搅拌1分钟。所得混合物经0.2微米的滤纸过滤获得本发明所揭示的清洁溶液。通过KRUSS K9测量的本发明所揭示清洁溶液的表面张力为34N m/m2。
实施例6.清洁溶液的制备及表面张力的测量
将其中R为辛基,x、y及z分别为1且n为7的式3化合物(0.3克)、甲醇(1克)及蒸馏水(99克)搅拌1分钟。所得混合物经0.2微米的滤纸过滤获得本发明所揭示的清洁溶液。通过KRUSS K9测量的本发明所揭示清洁溶液的表面张力为37N m/m2。
实施例7.清洁溶液的制备及表面张力的测量
将其中R为十二烷基,x、y及z分别为0且n为7的式3化合物(0.3克)、甲醇(1克)及蒸馏水(99克)搅拌1分钟。所得混合物经0.2微米的滤纸过滤获得本发明所揭示的清洁溶液。通过KRUSS K9测量的本发明所揭示清洁溶液的表面张力为33N m/m2。
实施例8.清洁溶液的制备及表面张力的测量
将其中R为辛基苯基,x、y及z分别为1且n为3的式3化合物(0.3克)、异丙醇(1克)及蒸馏水(99克)搅拌1分钟。所得混合物经0.2微米的滤纸过滤获得本发明所揭示的清洁溶液。通过KRUSS K9测量的本发明所揭示清洁溶液的表面张力为37N m/m2。
比较例1.蒸馏水的表面张力测量
通过KRUSS K9测量的蒸馏水表面张力为73N m/m2。
实施例9.光阻剂图案的形成
在以六甲基二硅氮烷(hexamethyldisilazane)(HMDS)处理的硅晶片上形成底层后,在该晶片上旋转涂布包括甲基丙烯酸酯型化合物(以名称″AX1020P″由Clariant销售)的光阻剂,形成2400埃厚度,并在130℃软烘烤90秒。软烘烤后,光阻剂薄膜使用ArF镭射曝光机曝光,接着在130℃后烘烤90秒。当后烘烤完成后,在2.38重量%的TMAH水溶液中显影30秒。在硅晶片旋转的同时,该硅晶片通过从旋转设备中喷雾实施例1所得的清洁溶液(30毫升)而进行清洁,获得90nm L/S的光阻剂图案(参见图1)。
实施例10.光阻剂图案的形成
使用实施例2的清洁溶液替代实施例1的清洁溶液,重复实施例9的程序,获得90nm L/S的光阻剂图案(参见图2)。
实施例11.光阻剂图案的形成
使用实施例3的清洁溶液替代实施例1的清洁溶液,重复实施例9的程序,获得90nm L/S的光阻剂图案(参见图3)。
实施例12.光阻剂图案的形成
使用实施例4的清洁溶液替代实施例1的清洁溶液,重复实施例9的程序,获得90nm L/S的光阻剂图案(参见图4)。
实施例13.光阻剂图案的形成
使用实施例5的清洁溶液替代实施例1的清洁溶液,重复实施例9的程序,获得90nm L/S的光阻剂图案(参见图5)。
实施例14.光阻剂图案的形成
使用实施例6的清洁溶液替代实施例1的清洁溶液,重复实施例9的程序,获得90nm L/S的光阻剂图案(参见图6)。
实施例15.光阻剂图案的形成
使用实施例7的清洁溶液替代实施例1的清洁溶液,重复实施例9的程序,获得90nm L/S的光阻剂图案(参见图7)。
实施例16.光阻剂图案的形成
使用实施例8的清洁溶液替代实施例1的清洁溶液,重复实施例9的程序,获得90nm L/S的光阻剂图案(参见图8)。
比较例2.光阻剂图案的形成
使用蒸馏水替代实施例1的清洁溶液,重复实施例9的程序,获得光阻剂图案。结果,光阻剂图案坍塌(参见图9)。
如上述实施例所示,图案的坍塌可通过在显影最终步骤中使用本发明所揭示的清洁溶液而避免,因为所揭示的清洁溶液具有比蒸馏水低的表面张力,而蒸馏水是常规使用的清洁溶液。据此,本发明所揭示的清洁溶液可使形成小于130nm的超微细光阻剂图案的显影过程更为稳定。
Claims (19)
2.权利要求1所述的清洁溶液,其中b为6至11的整数。
4.权利要求3所述的清洁溶液,其中该式2化合物的含量占该溶液总重的0.001至2重量%,及该醇的含量占该溶液总重的0.001至20重量%。
5.权利要求3所述的清洁溶液,其中该式3化合物的含量占该溶液总重的0.001至2重量%,及该醇的含量占该溶液总重的0.001至10重量%。
6.权利要求4所述的清洁溶液,其中该式2化合物的含量占该溶液总重的0.01至1重量%,及该醇的含量占该溶液总重的0.01至10重量%。
7.权利要求5所述的清洁溶液,其中该式3化合物的含量占该溶液总重的0.001至1重量%,及该醇的含量占该溶液总重的0.001至5重量%。
8.权利要求3所述的清洁溶液,其中R选自:辛基、辛基苯基、壬基、壬基苯基、癸基、癸基苯基、十一烷基、十一烷基苯基、十二烷基及十二烷基苯基,且n为5至10的整数。
9.权利要求1所述的清洁溶液,其中该醇选自C1-C10烷基醇、C1-C10烷氧基烷基醇及其混合物。
10.权利要求9所述的清洁溶液,其中该C1-C10烷基醇选自甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、仲丁醇、叔丁醇、1-戊醇、2-戊醇、3-戊醇、2,2-二甲基-1-丙醇及其混合物。
11.权利要求9所述的清洁溶液,其中该C1-C10烷氧基烷基醇选自2-甲氧基乙醇、2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙醇、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇、3-甲氧基-1,2-丙二醇及其混合物。
12.权利要求1所述的清洁溶液,其中该溶液选自:
包括其中R为壬基,x、y及z分别为1,及n为7的式2化合物作为表面活性剂、甲醇作为醇类及水作为溶剂的混合物;
包括其中R为辛基,x、y及z分别为1,及n为7的式2化合物作为表面活性剂、甲醇作为醇类及水作为溶剂的混合物;
包括其中R为十二烷基,x、y及z分别为0,及n为7的式2化合物作为表面活性剂、异丙醇作为醇类及水作为溶剂的混合物;
包括其中R为辛基苯基,x、y及z分别为1,及n为3的式2化合物作为表面活性剂、异丙醇作为醇类及水作为溶剂的混合物;
包括其中R为壬基,x、y及z分别为1,及n为7的式3化合物作为表面活性剂、甲醇作为醇类及水作为溶剂的混合物;
包括其中R为辛基,x、y及z分别为1,及n为7的式3化合物作为表面活性剂、甲醇作为醇类及水作为溶剂的混合物;
包括其中R为十二烷基,x、y及z分别为0,及n为7的式3化合物作为表面活性剂、异丙醇作为醇类及水作为溶剂的混合物;
包括其中R为辛基苯基,x、y及z分别为1,及n为3的式3化合物作为表面活性剂、异丙醇作为醇类及水作为溶剂的混合物。
13.权利要求12所述的清洁溶液,其中所述作为表面活性剂的式2化合物的含量占混合物总重的0.001至2重量%,及该醇的含量占该混合物总重的0.001至20重量%。
14.权利要求12所述的清洁溶液,其中所述作为表面活性剂的式3化合物的含量占混合物总重的0.001至2重量%,及该醇的含量占该混合物总重的0.001至10重量%。
15.权利要求13所述的清洁溶液,其中所述作为表面活性剂的式2化合物的含量占该混合物总重的0.01至1重量%,及该醇的含量占该混合物总重的0.01至10重量%。
16.权利要求14所述的清洁溶液,其中所述作为表面活性剂的式3化合物的含量占该混合物总重的0.001至1重量%,及该醇的含量占该混合物总重的0.001至5重量%。
17.一种形成光阻剂图案的方法,包括:
(a)制备半导体基材,其上形成有底层;
(b)在该底层上涂布光阻剂而形成光阻剂薄膜;
(c)曝光该光阻剂薄膜;
(d)将该曝光的光阻剂薄膜显影;及
(e)使用权利要求1所述的清洁溶液清洁所得的结构。
18.权利要求17所述的方法,进一步包括在步骤(c)之前的软烘烤步骤或步骤(c)之后的后烘烤步骤。
19.权利要求17所述的方法,其中该光源选自由KrF(248nm)、ArF(193nm)、VUV(157nm)、EUV(13nm)、E-电子束、X-射线及离子束。
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- 2003-12-02 DE DE10356178.1A patent/DE10356178B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-05 CN CNB2003101203147A patent/CN1263834C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-05 TW TW092134395A patent/TWI242115B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
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CN106353976A (zh) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-25 | 荣昌化学制品株式会社 | 光刻用清洁组合物以及采用该组合物形成光刻胶图案的方法 |
Also Published As
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US20040180293A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
DE10356178B4 (de) | 2016-10-27 |
TW200422794A (en) | 2004-11-01 |
TWI242115B (en) | 2005-10-21 |
DE10356178A1 (de) | 2004-10-28 |
CN1530429A (zh) | 2004-09-22 |
US7238653B2 (en) | 2007-07-03 |
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