CN111904803A - 电动步行辅助车 - Google Patents
电动步行辅助车 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111904803A CN111904803A CN202010305314.8A CN202010305314A CN111904803A CN 111904803 A CN111904803 A CN 111904803A CN 202010305314 A CN202010305314 A CN 202010305314A CN 111904803 A CN111904803 A CN 111904803A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003811 finger Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
提供一种电动步行辅助车。该电动步行辅助车即使在上坡路等路况的条件下也能得到与平地相当的操作性。电动步行辅助车(1)根据操作部(3)的操作量控制驱动电动机(40L、40R)的驱动,并具备对车体(2)的进退方向上的倾斜进行检测的倾斜检测单元(20)。在倾斜为小于阈值的平地(90)时,控制上述驱动电动机以操作部(3)的操作原点为中心,通过向前方推动操作部(3)的操作使上述驱动电动机产生正方向的转矩,通过向后方拉动操作部(3)的操作使上述驱动电动机产生反方向的转矩。在倾斜为阈值以上的上坡路(91)时,上述操作原点向拉动操作侧移动。在倾斜为阈值以上的下坡路(92)时,上述操作原点向推动操作侧移动。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电动步行辅助车。
背景技术
为了减少老年人等使用者的行走时的负担,手推车类型的电动步行辅助车已被开发。例如,在专利文献1中公开了一种歩行辅助装置,当步行者推动手柄部时,检测施加到车轮的转矩在驱动电动机产生的反电动势,根据该反电动势控制驱动电动机。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:特开2009-183407号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
在该装置中,只要车轮不动,即使用者推车,电动机也不会驱动,因此,在上坡路上存在初始移动的负担增加以及转向的负担增加等问题。另外,在装载有使用者的行李时,同样也存在由于装载物的重量使初始移动的负担增加以及转向的负担增加的问题。
本发明是鉴于现有技术的上述问题而完成的,其目的在于提供一种电动步行辅助车,即使是在上坡路等路况下也能够得到与平地相当的操作性。
用于解决问题的方案
为了解决上述问题,本发明的电动步行辅助车具备:
车体,其具有进退方向和宽度方向;
驱动轮,其被搭载于上述车体的驱动电动机驱动;
从动轮,其设置于在上述车体的进退方向上与上述驱动轮分开的位置;以及
操作部,其设置在上述车体的上部,且使用者在站立歩行的姿势时能够把持,
上述电动步行辅助车根据作用于上述操作部的操作量控制上述驱动电动机的驱动,
上述电动步行辅助车具备对上述车体的进退方向上的倾斜进行检测的倾斜检测单元,
在上述倾斜为小于阈值的平地时,将上述驱动电动机控制为,以上述操作部的操作原点为中心,通过向前方推动上述操作部的操作使上述驱动电动机产生正方向的转矩,通过向后方拉动上述操作部的操作使上述驱动电动机产生反方向的转矩,
在上述倾斜为阈值以上的上坡路时,上述操作原点向拉动操作侧移动,
在上述倾斜为阈值以上的下坡路时,上述操作原点向推动操作侧移动。
发明效果
在本发明的电动步行辅助车中,根据上述构成,通过推动/拉动操作部能够实现前进/后退,并且在上坡路中通过将操作原点移向拉动操作侧,控制驱动电动机的转矩的提高,另外,在下坡路中通过将操作原点移向推动操作侧,对驱动电动机进行的制动,因此能够得到与平地相当的操作性。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施方式的电动步行辅助车的侧视图。
图2是本发明实施方式的电动步行辅助车的把持部的(a)进退操作的俯视图,(b)是把持部截面图,(c)是表示向左转操作的俯视图,(d)是表示向右转操作的俯视图。
图3是本发明实施方式的电动步行辅助车的控制系统的框图。
图4是本发明实施方式的电动步行辅助车的转矩控制的坐标图。
图5是本发明实施方式的电动步行辅助车的控制的流程图。
图6是本发明实施方式的电动步行辅助车在上坡路行驶时的侧视图。
图7是本发明实施方式的电动步行辅助车在下坡路行驶时的侧视图。
图8是本发明实施方式的电动步行辅助车的行李装载状态的侧视图。
附图标记说明
1 电动步行辅助车
2 车体
3 操作部
4 驱动轮
5 从动轮
6 座椅靠背
7 座椅座垫
8 扶手
10 控制部
20 倾斜检测部
21 下部行驶体
22 上部框架
31 手柄杆
32 把手
33 把持传感器(触摸传感器)
40L、40R 电动机
60 装载载荷检测部
83 第2操作部。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图详细说明本发明的实施方式。
在图1中,本发明实施方式的电动步行辅助车1具备车体2,车体2包括搭载电池的下部行驶体21、以及从其后部向上方立起的上部框架22,在上部框架22的上端设置有操作部3,在下部行驶体21的后端具备左右驱动轮4,在下部行驶体21的前端具备左右从动轮5。
左右驱动轮4由搭载于下部行驶体21的左右驱动电动机40L、40R独立驱动。左右从动轮5由全向轮构成,该全向轮具备能够在接地部绕周向的轴旋转的多个滚轮50,能够仅通过后述的操作部3的左右把手32控制驱动电动机40L、40R对电动步行辅助车1进行转向操作以及制动和驱动操作。
实施方式的电动步行辅助车1具备图中实线所示的电动步行辅助车模式和图中双点划线所示的小型电动车模式。
下部行驶体21构成为:相对于设置有驱动轮4、上部框架22的后部(主体部),设置有从动轮5的前部25,该前部25能够在前后方向上伸缩。另一方面,座椅靠背6的下端部(6a)、座椅座垫7的腿部71(7a)以及扶手8的基部(8a)通过分别与车宽方向平行的轴6a、7a、8a旋转自如的支撑于上部框架22,腿部71的下端通过连结部7b连结到前部25。
根据以上构成,若如图中双点划线所示的那样,在将座椅靠背6扶起并移动到就坐位置6′,并且将座椅座垫7向后方转动并移动到就坐位置7′时,因下部行驶体21的前部25向前移动使下部行驶体21伸长,并且通过将扶手8向前方倾倒,图中实线所示的电动步行辅助车模式则变为使用者能够就坐并通过操作操作部83能够自主行走的小型电动车模式。
此外,在图1中由实线表示的电动步行辅助车模式中,向前方倾倒后的座椅靠背6的上表面(背面)变为行李的装载空间。在这种情况下,通过将扶手8如图中双点划线8′所示向前方倾倒并保持该状态时,扶手8还能够作为防止载置于座椅靠背6上表面的行李的落下的保护装置。
图2表示电动步行辅助车模式中的操作部3的构成和操作方法。如图2的(a)所示,操作部3具备:手柄杆31,其在车宽方向上延伸;把手32,其设置于左右两侧;支撑体31a,其具有左右两侧端部并在贯通于上部框架22的支撑孔22a的状态下支撑手柄杆31;以及操作量传感器30,其设置在左右两侧的支撑体31a与支撑孔22a之间。
操作量传感器30用于探测作为操作量的使用者向前方推动左右把手32的力和向后方拉动左右把手32的力,能够使用压电元件等载荷传感器。
并且,如图2的(b)所示,为了检测把手32被使用者握住,在手柄杆31与把手32之间设置有把持传感器33(33a、33b)。该把持传感器33适于使用静电电容传感器、压敏传感器等触摸传感器。
本实施方式的把持传感器33包含传感器33a和传感器33b。在使用者握住把手32的状态下,传感器33a位于手掌侧(大拇指侧)以及传感器33b对应于手指侧(大拇指以外),在两侧的传感器33a、33b探测到接触的情况下判断为把持状态,在仅其中一方探测到接触的情况下时,则判断为仅是将手或手指放在把手32上,不把这种情况判断为把持状态,从而能够准确地探测把持状态。
其次,说明电动步行辅助车模式中的基本操作方法。
前进:如图2的(a)中实线所示,使用者向前方推压左右两方的把手32且左右两方的操作量传感器30探测到朝向前方的规定值以上的载荷时,则驱动左右两方的电动机40L、40R向正方向旋转,电动步行辅助车1前进,辅助使用者向前行走。此外,左右操作量传感器30的检测值之差忽略不计,左右电动机40L、40R基本上以相同的转速被驱动。
后退:如图2的(a)中虚线所示,使用者向后方拉动左右两方的把手32且左右两方的操作量传感器30探测到朝向后方的规定值以上的载荷时,则驱动左右两方的电动机40L、40R向反方向旋转,电动步行辅助车1后退,辅助使用者后退行走。在后退的情况下左右操作量传感器30的检测值之差也被忽略不计,左右电动机40L、40R以相同的转速被驱动。
前进左转:如图2的(c)中实线所示,使用者向前方推压右把手32(R)且右操作量传感器30探测到朝向前方的规定值以上的载荷时,则仅驱动右电动机40R向正方向旋转,电动步行辅助车1以静止的左驱动轮4(L)为中心进行前进左转(TLa)。
后退左转:如图2的(c)中虚线所示,使用者拉动左把手32(L)且左操作量传感器30探测到朝向后方的规定值以上的载荷时,则仅驱动左电动机40L向反方向旋转,电动步行辅助车1以静止的右驱动轮4(R)为中心进行后退左转(TLb)。
原地左转:如图2的(c)中实线所示使用者向前方推压右把手32(R)且同时如图2的(c)中虚线所示使用者向后方拉动左把手32(L),右操作量传感器30探测到朝向前方的规定值以上的载荷且同时左操作量传感器30探测到朝向后方的规定值以上的载荷时,则驱动右电动机40R向正方向旋转且同时驱动左电动机40L向反方向旋转,电动步行辅助车1在原地向左方向旋转(TLs)。
前进右转:如图2的(d)中实线所示,使用者向前方推压左把手32(L)且左操作量传感器30探测到朝向前方的规定值以上的载荷时,则仅驱动左电动机40L向正方向旋转,电动步行辅助车1以静止的右驱动轮4(R)为中心进行前进右转(TRa)。
后退右转:如图2的(d)中虚线所示,使用者向后方拉动右把手32(R)且右操作量传感器30探测到朝向后方的规定值以上的载荷时,则仅驱动右电动机40R向反方向旋转,电动步行辅助车1以静止的左驱动轮4(L)为中心进行后退右转(TRb)。
原地右转:如图2的(d)中实线所示使用者向前方推压左把手32(L)且同时如图2的(d)中虚线所示使用者向后方拉动右把手32(R),左操作量传感器30探测到朝向前方的规定值以上的载荷且同时右操作量传感器30探测到朝向后方的规定值以上的载荷时,则驱动左电动机40L向正方向旋转且同时驱动右电动机40R向反方向旋转,从而电动步行辅助车1原地向右方向旋转(TRs)。
通过以上所述的各种操作控制左右电动机40L、40R的基本控制是在行驶道路的倾斜小于规定阈值的平地行驶时进行的。在上坡路、下坡路时,则在考虑了倾斜的情况下进行辅助。并且,在装载行李时,则在考虑了其装载重量的情况下进行辅助。以下说明其构成和转矩控制。
图3表示考虑了倾斜和装载重量时的电动步行辅助车的控制系统的框图。控制部10构成为,在向操作部3(操作量传感器30、把持传感器33)输入信号的同时,输入倾斜检测部20和装载载荷检测部60的检测值,根据这些数据确定左右电动机40L、40R的控制量。
图4表示考虑了倾斜后的辅助的转矩控制的坐标图(输入操作量-输出转矩线图)。横轴对应于向操作量传感器30的输入操作量(载荷值),纵轴对应于电动机40L、40R的输出转矩。
在图4中的平地行驶中,如图中实线所示,操作量的推动侧/拉动侧的原点(中立位置)与输出转矩的原点一致,如前所述,根据使用者的推动侧操作(规定值以上)控制正方向的转矩输出,根据拉动侧操作(规定值以上)控制反方向的转矩输出。如图1所示的平地90中,能够辅助使用者的推压力使其前进,以及辅助使用者的拉力使其后退。
另一方面,在上坡路行驶时,如图中上侧的虚线所示,相对于操作量的推动侧/拉动侧的原点(中立位置),输出转矩的原点向拉动侧移动。由此,与平地行驶时相比,上坡路时的输出转矩大,并且当拉动操作为小于规定值P的情况下,输出正方向的转矩,从而如图6所示,在上坡路91中得到与使用者的拉力Fp(小于规定值P)相反的推进力Fa,能够辅助使用者的手拉动。另外,拉动操作为规定值P以上时,则使电动机40L、40R停止。
相反,在下坡路行驶时,如图中下侧的虚线所示,相对于操作量的推动侧/拉动侧的原点(中立位置),输出转矩的原点向推动侧移动。由此,与平地行驶时相比,下坡路时输出转矩被抑制,并且推压操作为小于规定值P的情况下,输出负方向的转矩,从而如图7所示,在下坡路92中得到与使用者的推压力Fp相对的制动力Fb(再生电力),能够辅助使用者进行制动。另外,拉动操作为操作原点以上时,则使电动机40L、40R停止。
另外,如图8所示,通过载台(座椅靠背6背面)上表面的载荷传感器(装载载荷检测部60)检测插入壳体61的行李62的装载载荷,根据该检测值使电动机40L、40R的输出转矩相加或相乘。从而,由行李62的重量增加引起的运动性的下降得到校正,能够得到与没有装载行李的状态相当的操作性。
此外,装载载荷检测部60还能够设置在支撑于上部框架22且旋转自如的座椅靠背6的轴6a、以及设置在与轴6a相邻的座椅靠背6的限位件(将座椅靠背6保持于水平的载台位置的止转件)等。
以下,参照图5的流程图说明在考虑了以上所述的倾斜和装载重量时的电动步行辅助车1中的电动机的控制。
首先,当电动步行辅助车1的电源接通并系统被启动时(步骤100),操作量传感器30的探测变为待机状态,如果有操作量传感器30的检测值的输入,则控制部10取得该输入值、以及此时的倾斜检测部20、装载载荷检测部60的检测值(步骤101)。
其次,判断是否为启动时(步骤102)。在是启动时(不处于行驶中的情况下,刚开启后属于这种情况),判断操作量传感器30所探测的操作量是否为规定值1以上(步骤103)。在操作量不为规定值1以上的情况下,不启动电动机40L、40R(步骤108)。
在操作量为规定值1以上的情况或者不是启动时的情况下(正在行驶中的情况),判断是否是反方向的操作量、以及操作量是否为规定值2以上(步骤104)。在不是反方向的情况下即正方向的操作量为规定值2以上的情况下,根据在步骤101中取得的检测值算出电动机40L、40R的输出(步骤105)。另外,在反方向的操作量为规定值2以上的情况下,使电动机40L、40R停止(步骤108)。此外,规定值2小于规定值1。
其次,根据把持传感器33的检测值判定使用者是否正把持着操作部3(把手32)(步骤106),在检测出把持状态的情况下,对电动机40L、40R进行驱动以成为在步骤105中算出的输出值(步骤107)。
以上对本发明的实施方式的说明并不是将本发明限定于上述实施方式。根据本发明的技术的思想还能够进行各种变形和变更。
例如,上述实施方式为设置在手柄杆31的左右两侧的支撑体31a与上部框架22的支撑孔22a之间的载荷传感器作为操作量传感器30的情况。但是,也可以是将上部框架22的支撑孔22a设为车辆进退方向的长孔(导槽),沿着长孔(22a)手柄杆31的左右两侧的支撑体31a能前后滑动,并且通过安装在支撑体31a(滑动件)的前后两侧的弹性体(弹簧)的弹性恢复力使得在没有操作力时支撑体31a保持在原点(中立位置)构成位移传感器。该位移传感器检测该支撑体31a的位移作为操作量传感器30。
另外,作为操作部3,在上述实施方式中是在左右一体的手柄杆31设置左右把手32和操作量传感器30,但是,也可以是在左右独立的手柄设置把手32和操作量传感器30,在此种情况下,手柄也可以是被支撑为悬臂形式的,或者是被支撑为能左右独立转动且被赋予操作反作用力的形式的。
并且,虽然在上述实施方式中的电动步行辅助车1具备小型电动车模式,但是,本发明也可以为不具备小型电动车模式的电动步行辅助车。
另外,在上述实施方式中的从动轮5为全向轮,但是,也可以使用通过脚轮形式等被支撑为转向自如的非全向轮作为从动轮。
Claims (9)
1.一种电动步行辅助车,具备:
车体,其具有进退方向和宽度方向;
驱动轮,其被搭载于上述车体的驱动电动机驱动;
从动轮,其设置于在上述车体的进退方向上与上述驱动轮分开的位置;以及
操作部,其设置在上述车体的上部,且使用者能够在站立歩行姿势时把持,
上述电动步行辅助车根据作用于上述操作部的操作量控制上述驱动电动机的驱动,
上述电动步行辅助车的特征在于,
具备对上述车体的进退方向上的倾斜进行检测的倾斜检测单元,
在上述倾斜为小于阈值的平地时,将上述驱动电动机控制为,以上述操作部的操作原点为中心,通过向前方推动上述操作部的操作使上述驱动电动机产生正方向的转矩,通过向后方拉动上述操作部的操作使上述驱动电动机产生反方向的转矩,
在上述倾斜为阈值以上的上坡路时,上述操作原点向拉动操作侧移动,
在上述倾斜为阈值以上的下坡路时,上述操作原点向推动操作侧移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电动步行辅助车,其特征在于,
在上述倾斜为阈值以上的上坡路时,在超过移动后的操作原点的操作量作用于上述操作部的情况下停止上述驱动电动机,
在上述倾斜为阈值以上的下坡路时,在超过移动前的操作原点的操作量作用于上述操作部的情况下停止上述驱动电动机。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电动步行辅助车,其特征在于,
还具备对上述车体的装载载荷进行检测的载荷传感器,根据上述载荷传感器的检测值控制上述驱动电动机的输出。
4.根据权利要求2所述的电动步行辅助车,其特征在于,
还具备对上述车体的装载载荷进行检测的载荷传感器,根据上述载荷传感器的检测值控制上述驱动电动机的输出。
5.根据权利要求1至4中的任意一项所述的电动步行辅助车,其特征在于,
上述操作部还具备对使用者的把持进行探测的把持传感器,在上述把持传感器的检测值小于规定值的情况下停止上述驱动电动机的驱动。
6.根据权利要求1至4中的任意一项所述的电动步行辅助车,其特征在于,
在从停止状态起步时,在作用于上述操作部的操作量为规定值以上的情况下,开始上述驱动电动机的驱动。
7.根据权利要求1至4中的任意一项所述的电动步行辅助车,其特征在于,
在驱动行驶中,在作用于上述操作部的反方向的操作量为规定值以上的情况下,停止上述驱动电动机的驱动。
8.根据权利要求1至4中的任意一项所述的电动步行辅助车,其特征在于,
上述从动轮由全向轮构成或者被支撑为转向自如,上述操作部包含左右操作部,上述驱动电动机包含左右驱动电动机,上述驱动轮能通过与上述左右操作部对应的上述左右驱动电动机而左右独立地驱动,由此能进行旋转。
9.根据权利要求1至4中的任意一项所述的电动步行辅助车,其特征在于,
上述车体具备能折叠的座椅、以及就坐于上述座椅的使用者能操作的操作部,上述电动步行辅助车还能用作小型电动车。
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