CN110217105A - 仪表板构造 - Google Patents

仪表板构造 Download PDF

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CN110217105A
CN110217105A CN201910151744.6A CN201910151744A CN110217105A CN 110217105 A CN110217105 A CN 110217105A CN 201910151744 A CN201910151744 A CN 201910151744A CN 110217105 A CN110217105 A CN 110217105A
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rib
expanding
substrate
foaming material
sealing ribs
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CN110217105B (zh
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中村麻菜美
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Abstract

仪表板构造(20)具备：基材(30)，长边方向的两端部朝向下表面侧折弯而形成侧面部(16)；发泡材(34)，覆盖基材(30)的表面；以及表皮(32)，覆盖发泡材的表面。并且，具备密封肋(40)，该密封肋(40)在从基材(30)的折弯位置向下表面侧空开预定的间隔的配置位置处，从侧面部(16)向长边方向的外侧突出地设置，供表皮(32)的端部(33)接合。另外，具备扩幅肋(42)，该扩幅肋(42)在侧面部(16)的比密封肋(40)的配置位置靠上表面侧，从侧面部(16)向长边方向的外侧突出地设置，被发泡材(34)覆盖。

Description

仪表板构造
技术领域
本公开涉及仪表板构造，尤其涉及具有表皮、发泡材以及基材这三层构造的仪表板构造。
背景技术
在车辆中，在前挡风玻璃下的前座正面，设置供配备各种仪表等的仪表板。仪表板是在车室内驾驶员等用户的眼睛看到的部分，所以要求设计性。
仪表板如日本实开平6-33726号公报所述，由三层构造的树脂材形成。三层的最下层是硬质的基材，最上层是使用了提供来自视觉方面的高级感的材料的表皮，基材与表皮之间的层是柔软且提供来自手感方面的高级感的发泡材。表皮通过将热塑性树脂的粉末分布于模具内侧并使其熔融的搪塑成形法来形成。为了形成用于将发泡材封入表皮与基材之间的密封面，表皮的端部接合于基材中的凹凸少的一般面。
在日本特开2001-233087号公报中描述了，在设置于仪表板的开口部，使基材向表皮侧突出，使表皮向基材侧突出，并使其互相重叠，由此将发泡材密封。表皮具有与基材的开口突出部重叠的部分和越过基材的开口突出部的顶端而向开口部的中央侧伸出的伸出部。并且，在伸出部，为了防止表皮收缩，以包围开口的整周的方式设置从基材向表皮侧突出的肋。
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
在车室内存在对具有将横长作为基调的设计性的仪表板的需求。在仪表板中，用来形成用于封入发泡材的密封面的表皮与基材之间的接合，在基材的长边方向的两侧面部的一般面之上进行。在该情况下，仅使仪表板的长边方向的两端部从基材的侧面部的一般面的位置向外侧延伸与发泡材的厚度相应的量。如果能够使基材的侧面部的一般面的位置本身沿着长边方向向外侧移动，则仪表板能够相应地在长边方向上扩展。但是，在仪表板搭载于车辆的情况下，在仪表板的两侧配置作为车辆的车身构成要素的侧面板(英文：sidepanel)的凸缘的配合面。因此，使基材的侧面部的一般面的位置本身沿着长边方向向外侧的移动存在限度。
在搭载于车辆的情况下，仪表板的上表面的位置处于比侧面板的上端靠上方侧，所以，若在比与侧面板的上端对应的位置靠上表面侧增加仪表板的长边方向的两端部处的发泡材的厚度，则仪表板相应地在长边方向上扩展。但是，由于基材与表皮的间隔扩大，所以发泡材的填充率降低，无法维持用户触摸该部分时的质感。
于是，需求一种能够在维持用户触摸时的质感的同时使仪表板在长边方向上扩展的仪表板构造。
用于解决课题的技术方案
本公开的仪表板构造，是长边方向配置于车辆宽度方向的左侧与右侧的侧面板之间的仪表板的构造，具备：基材，长边方向的两端部朝向下表面侧折弯而形成了侧面部；发泡材，覆盖基材的表面；表皮，覆盖发泡材的表面；密封肋，在从基材的折弯位置向下表面侧空开预定的间隔的配置位置处，从侧面部向长边方向的外侧突出地设置，接合有表皮的端部；以及扩幅肋，在侧面部的比密封肋的配置位置靠上表面侧，从侧面部向长边方向的外侧突出地设置，被发泡材覆盖。
根据上述构成，能够不在基材的侧面部而是在密封肋的顶端接合表皮，所以，能够增加仪表板的长边方向的两端部处的发泡材的厚度，能够在长边方向上扩展仪表板。并且，即便增加仪表板的长边方向的两端部处的发泡材的厚度，由于发泡材由扩幅肋支承，所以，用户触摸时的质感也会提高。因此，能够在维持用户触摸时的质感的同时在长边方向上扩展仪表板。
在本公开的仪表板构造中，优选，具备第三肋，该第三肋沿着侧面部设置于密封肋与扩幅肋之间的区域，被发泡材覆盖。
根据上述构成，在密封肋与扩幅肋之间的区域设置第三肋。由此，能够维持密封肋与扩幅肋之间的区域的质感，所以，能够使密封肋与扩幅肋互相远离，仪表板的设计性的选择度提高。
在本公开的仪表板构造中，优选，第三肋的一端连接于密封肋，另一端连接于扩幅肋。
根据上述构成，仪表板的强度提高。
发明的效果
根据上述构成的仪表板构造，能够在维持用户触摸时的质感的同时，扩展仪表板的横宽。
附图说明
图1是从上表面侧观察具有实施方式的仪表板构造的仪表板而得到的图。
图2是从背面侧观察图1的仪表板而得到的图。
图3是示出实施方式的仪表板构造的图2的III部的放大剖视图。
图4是示出实施方式的仪表板构造中的第三肋的例子的图。
图5是沿着图4的V-V线的剖视图。
图6是示出实施方式的仪表板构造中的第三肋的另一例的图。
图7是作为比较例的以往技术的仪表板构造的剖视图。
图8是示出在图7中增加了发泡材的厚度的情况的图。
图9是示出在图8中进一步沿着侧面部向下表面侧延长了发泡材的厚的部分的情况的图。
图10是示出在图9中设置有扩幅肋的情况的图。
具体实施方式
以下，使用附图对本公开的实施方式详细地进行说明。以下所描述的形状、尺寸、材质等是说明用的例示，根据仪表板构造的规格等，能够适当变更。另外，以下，在所有附图中对同样的要素标注同一标号，省略重复的说明。
图1和图2是示出车辆用的仪表板10的图。仪表板10是在车辆中设置于前挡风玻璃下的前座正面，供多个车载用设备安装配置，作为车辆的操作上所需的仪表、开关类的集合体的仪表板。
在以下的附图中，关于仪表板10，作为正交的三方向，示出长边方向、短边方向、高度方向。长边方向对应于仪表板10的宽度方向，短边方向对应于仪表板10的进深方向。在对短边方向的两个方向进行区分的情况下，在仪表板10安装配置有多个车载用设备的情况下，车载用设备的显示面的方向为正面侧，其相反侧为背面侧。在对长边方向的两个方向进行区分的情况下，从短边方向的正面侧朝向背面侧的方向而右方向为右侧，左方向为左侧。关于上下方向，向仪表板10中能够正确读出车载设备的显示的朝向配置的情况下的上侧为上表面侧，下侧为下表面侧。
在仪表板10搭载于车辆的情况下，仪表板10的正面侧对应于车辆后方侧，背面侧对应于车辆前方侧。仪表板10的左侧对应于车辆左侧，右侧对应于车辆右侧，另外，仪表板10的上表面侧对应于车辆上方侧，下表面侧对应于车辆下方侧。图1是从上表面侧观察仪表板10而得到的图，示出在长边方向上扩展的上表面12。
图2是从背面侧观察仪表板10而得到的图。仪表板10具有长边方向的两端部朝向下表面侧折弯而得到的左右的侧面部14、16。左右的侧面部14、16在仪表板10搭载于车辆的情况下，配置于构成车辆的车身的侧面板6、8之间。在图2中，关于仪表板10搭载于车辆的情况，将车辆中的车辆宽度方向的左侧及右侧的侧面板6、8以双点划线示出。侧面板6、8的间隔根据车辆的规格等而定。
仪表板10的长边方向受所搭载的车辆的侧面板6、8的间隔限制，但是，在该范围内，使仪表板10在长边方向上扩展，有助于仪表板10及车辆的设计性的提高。图1、图2所示的扩幅部分17、19是在所搭载的车辆的侧面板6、8的间隔的限制的范围内在长边方向上扩展了仪表板10而得到的部分。以下，对扩幅部分17、19处的仪表板构造的内容进行说明。扩幅部分17、19处的仪表板构造基本上相同，所以，以下，对扩幅部分19处的仪表板构造20进行描述。在以下的图中，虽然不是仪表板构造20的构成要素，但是示出作为在搭载于车辆的情况下受到的制约的侧面板8。
图3是图2的III部的剖视图。扩幅部分19处的仪表板构造20具有基材30、表皮32、发泡材34这三层构造。
基材30是成为仪表板10的骨架的构件，是具有与上表面12对应地在长边方向上扩展的上表面部13和长边方向的两端部朝向下表面侧折弯而得到的侧面部16的硬质的树脂构件。作为该基材30，使用作为树脂材料而使用丙烯腈-苯乙烯-玻璃(ASG)树脂、聚碳酸酯(PC)树脂、聚丙烯(PP)树脂等且利用注塑成形法而成形为预定的形状的基材。
表皮32是配置于仪表板10的表面并具有柔软感且形成外观设计的树脂构件。作为该表皮32，使用利用使热塑性树脂的粉末分布于模具内侧并使其熔融的搪塑成形法形成为预定的形状的表皮。作为热塑性的树脂，使用烯烃系树脂或氨基甲酸酯系树脂、或者氯乙烯树脂等。
发泡材34是填充于基材30与表皮32之间的空间并具有缓冲性的发泡树脂。作为该发泡材34，使用将发泡性树脂注入基材30与表皮32之间的空间并使其发泡而得到的发泡材。作为发泡性树脂，使用发泡氨基甲酸酯。
密封肋40是为了从基材30的侧面部16在长边方向的外侧接合表皮32的端部33而形成密封面所设置的构件。密封肋40在从基材30的折弯位置PC向下表面侧空开预定的间隔L1的配置位置PA处，从侧面部16向长边方向的外侧突出地设置，在密封肋40的顶端面供表皮32的端部33接合。作为接合手段，使用合适的粘接材。
从车辆的设计方面来说，优选仪表板10向下表面侧延伸至侧面板8的上端的高度位置。因此，与密封肋40相关的预定的间隔L1，在仪表板10所搭载的车辆的规格中，根据仪表板10的上表面12的高度方向的位置和侧面板8的上端的高度方向的位置而定。
与不设置密封肋40的情况相比，供表皮32的端部33接合的密封面的位置向仪表板10的长边方向的外侧出来与密封肋40的突出高度H1相应的量，所以，扩幅部分19的扩幅长度W1变大。由此，与不设置密封肋40的情况相比，能够在长边方向上扩展仪表板10。
扩幅肋42是在扩幅部分19为了提高用户触摸时的质感而设置的构件。扩幅肋42在基材30的侧面部16的比密封肋40的配置位置PA靠上表面侧，从基材30的侧面部16向长边方向的外侧突出地设置。注入到基材30与表皮32之间的发泡性树脂通过发泡而覆盖扩幅肋42，所以，在与比扩幅肋42的突出高度H2靠外侧的表皮32之间也形成发泡材34。
密封肋40的突出高度H1和扩幅肋42的突出高度H2由发泡性树脂的流动性和成形性限制。根据实验，在发泡氨基甲酸酯的情况下，关于密封肋40的突出高度H1和扩幅肋42的突出高度H2，都是大约12mm左右为上限。在该情况下，扩幅部分19的扩幅长度W1能够为大约15mm～20mm。这是说明用的例示，根据发泡性树脂的流动性、成形性、仪表板构造20的规格等而适当变更。
该密封肋40及扩幅肋42使用将合适的硬质树脂材料成形为预定的形状的肋。也可以使用与基材30相同的硬质树脂材料。作为将密封肋40及扩幅肋42安装于基材30的手段，使用粘接等结合手段。
根据上述构成，能够不在基材30的侧面部16而是在密封肋40的顶端面接合表皮32而设为密封面的位置，所以，能够增加仪表板10的长边方向的两端部处的发泡材34的厚度。并且，即便增加仪表板10的长边方向的两端部处的发泡材34的厚度，由于发泡材34由扩幅肋42支承，所以，在用户触摸的情况下不会凹陷，质感也会提高。像这样，能够在维持用户触摸时的质感的同时在长边方向上扩展仪表板10。
图4是示出沿着侧面部16在密封肋40与扩幅肋42之间的区域设置第三肋44的例子的图。第三肋44的高度设定为密封肋40的突出高度H1、扩幅肋42的突出高度H2以下。因此，第三肋44也被发泡材34覆盖。图5是沿着图4的V-V线的剖视图。第三肋44是配置在与密封肋40和扩幅肋42所延伸的方向垂直的方向上且一端连接于密封肋40而另一端连接于扩幅肋42的多张板材。该第三肋44使用将合适的硬质树脂材料成形为预定的形状的肋。也可以使用与基材30、密封肋40、扩幅肋42相同的硬质树脂材料。作为将第三肋44连接于密封肋40及扩幅肋42的手段，使用粘接等结合手段。也可以将第三肋44与基材30连接。
通过设置第三肋44，能够在密封肋40与扩幅肋42之间的区域的任意处都维持用户触摸时的质感。另外，能够在维持质感的同时使密封肋40与扩幅肋42互相远离，所以，仪表板10的设计性的选择度提高。另外，通过将第三肋44的一端连接于密封肋40并将另一端连接于扩幅肋42而能够谋求一体化，所以，基材30的侧面部16处的强度提高。
图6是示出另一例的第三肋46的图。第三肋46是在侧面部16的上下方向上在密封肋40与扩幅肋42的中间位置从侧面部16向外侧突出地设置的肋构件。密封肋40、扩幅肋42以及第三肋46互相平行地配置。通过设置第三肋46，也能够在密封肋40与扩幅肋42之间的区域维持用户触摸时的质感，所以，能够使密封肋40与扩幅肋42互相远离，仪表板10的设计性的选择度提高。
关于上述构成的作用效果，在图7～图10中，使用与以往技术的比较例来进一步说明。
图7是一般的仪表板构造50的剖视图。在一般的仪表板构造50中，表皮32的端部33直接接合于在侧面部16的外侧的面中凹凸少的一般面31而形成密封面。因此，扩幅部分52处的仪表板10在长边方向上扩展的扩幅长度W0与基材30的上表面部13处的发泡材34的厚度t0几乎相同。举出数值的一例，t0为大约3mm～4mm程度，所以，扩幅部分52的扩幅长度W0也为大约3mm～4mm。这是说明用的例示，根据仪表板10的规格而适当变更。
图8是在图7的例子中增加扩幅部分53处的发泡材34的厚度而将扩幅部分53的扩幅长度设为(W0+ΔW0)的情况的图。在该情况下，与扩幅部分53的扩幅长度从W0扩展为(W0+ΔW0)相对应地，扩幅部分53处的发泡材34的厚度与上表面部13处的发泡材34的厚度t0相比增加。在实验中，将t0设为大约3mm～4mm，若(W0+ΔW0)超过大约7mm，则发泡材34的填充率降低，在用户触摸该部分的情况下，与触摸上表面部13的情况相比，容易凹陷，所以无法维持质感。在该情况下，通过使用利用图3描述的扩幅肋42，能够谋求质感的提高。
根据仪表板10所搭载的车辆的规格，仪表板10的上表面12的高度方向的位置PC与侧面板8的上端的高度位置PS的间隔L0被设定得长。从车辆的设计方面来说，优选仪表板10向下表面侧延伸至侧面板8的上端的高度位置PS。图9是示出仪表板10的上表面12的折弯位置PC与侧面板8的上端的高度位置PS的间隔L0被设定得长的情况下的仪表板构造60的例子的图。若以提高将横长作为基调的设计性为目标，而将扩幅部分63的扩幅厚度设为比上表面部13处的发泡材34的厚度t0厚的(W0+ΔW0)，则如利用图8描述那样，在扩幅部分63的发泡材34的厚度超过大约7mm时，发泡材34的填充率会降低。
图10是示出为了防止由发泡材34的填充率的降低引起的质感的降低而设置扩幅肋43的情况的图。在该情况下，供表皮32的端部33接合的密封面的位置处于比图7的例子相当靠下表面侧，所以，填充率低的区域大，仅靠设置扩幅肋43，无法维持质感。例如，如图10中双点划线所示，在用户触摸扩幅肋43与端部33的密封面的位置之间的区域的部分时，由于不具有扩幅肋43，所以会产生凹陷，无法维持质感。
另外，在图9、图10的例子中，表皮32的端部33接合于侧面部16的外侧的面中凹凸少的一般面31，所以，如利用图8描述那样，关于扩幅长度(W0+ΔW0)，大约7mm为限度。在L0长的规格的车辆中，希望具有与长的L0相符的扩幅长度而具有高级感的设计性的仪表板构造。
根据图3的仪表板构造20，能够不在基材30的侧面部16的一般面31而是在密封肋40的顶端面接合表皮32的端部33。通过使扩幅肋42的突出高度H2与密封肋41的突出高度H1都为大约12mm左右，能够使扩幅部分19的扩幅长度W1为大约15mm～20mm。上述内容中，对长边方向的右侧的扩幅部分19进行了描述，但关于长边方向的左侧的扩幅部分17也同样能够使扩幅长度W1为大约15mm～20mm。由此，在L0长的规格的车辆中，也能够成为具有与长的L0相符的扩幅长度而具有将横长作为基调的设计性的仪表板构造20。

Claims (3)

1.一种仪表板构造，是长边方向配置于车辆宽度方向的左侧与右侧的侧面板之间的仪表板的构造，具备：
基材，长边方向的两端部朝向下表面侧折弯而形成了侧面部；
发泡材，覆盖所述基材的表面；
表皮，覆盖所述发泡材的表面；
密封肋，在从所述基材的折弯位置向下表面侧空开预定的间隔的配置位置处，从所述侧面部向长边方向的外侧突出地设置，接合有所述表皮的端部；以及
扩幅肋，在所述侧面部的比所述密封肋的配置位置靠上表面侧，从所述侧面部向长边方向的外侧突出地设置，被所述发泡材覆盖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的仪表板构造，
具备第三肋，该第三肋沿着所述侧面部设置于所述密封肋与所述扩幅肋之间的区域，被所述发泡材覆盖。
3.根据权利要求2所述的仪表板构造，
所述第三肋的一端连接于所述密封肋，另一端连接于所述扩幅肋。
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