CN106818174A - A kind of organic implantation methods of crops of the two crops a year that crop makees altogether with green manure - Google Patents
A kind of organic implantation methods of crops of the two crops a year that crop makees altogether with green manure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106818174A CN106818174A CN201710055824.2A CN201710055824A CN106818174A CN 106818174 A CN106818174 A CN 106818174A CN 201710055824 A CN201710055824 A CN 201710055824A CN 106818174 A CN106818174 A CN 106818174A
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- PZDFRGGOXGETNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphane;potassium Chemical compound P.[K] PZDFRGGOXGETNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year that crop makees altogether with green manure crop, will wheat and Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding make altogether and with 7 steps such as the organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year of paddy rice crop rotation, the pretreatment of organic implantation methods including wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, wheat cultivation, field management, harvesting wheat, raising rice seedlings, rice transplanting, paddy growth period management.The organic implantation methods of crops of the two crops a year, on the premise of crop yield is ensured, weeds quantity can effectively be reduced and the fertility of abundance is provided, thus reduce or avoid chemical fertilizer, the use of herbicide complies with the requirement of organic agronomic crop production standard, and then produce high-quality, the organic farm products of safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of crops, make altogether 1 year two of more particularly to a kind of crop and green manure crop
The organic implantation methods of ripe crops.
Background technology
Organic plantation be it is a kind of during plant growth completely use nature raw material implantation methods --- including soil
Improvement, fertilising and injurious insect control.Because almost without chemical protective agent or other additives, these foods are also referred to as healthy food
Product.Compared to chemical planting patterns, remove weeds and enrich the link that fertilizer is most labor intensive in organic plantation, cause organic
Production cost can be in any more, and production efficiency cannot obtain effectively lifting.
Chinese milk vetch, broad bean, Radish as a kind of important green manure crop in south China two crops a year grain producing region once
It is commonly used.But because green manuring reduces season grain-production, land output is reduced, in recent years by chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, herbicide
Use substituted.Long-term use chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, herbicide cause the reduction of soil organic matter content and subtracting for micro organism quantity
It is few, cause chemical fertilizer to be effectively absorbed and utilize, soil natural habitat is destroyed, pest and disease damage, weeds outburst.Force peasant
The use chemical fertilizer of larger dose, agricultural chemicals, herbicide, thereby result in agriculture large area pollution of area source and serious food security is asked
Topic.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be exactly in order to solve above-mentioned farmland control grass, the contradiction between improvement of soil fertility and grain-production and
The new organic implantation methods of crops of the two crops a year that a kind of crop for providing makees altogether with green manure crop, the method has letter
It is single efficiently while improvement of soil fertility, Weeds distribution be realized, to control widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area, produce grain and ensure food security
Multiple target.
Know-why of the invention
The sprouting of weed seed needs certain warm and humid light and heat condition, is sprouted after the space above it is closed by other plants
Will be affected.Chinese milk vetch and wheat are all the sowings of late autumn the previous year, are sprouted, and are passed the winter in the form of seedling, are survived the winter laggard
Enter rapid growth stage.And many weed seeds were needed by a rest period of surviving the winter, spring next year turns to be sprouted again after warming up.It is this
Difference on growth space-time can form the growth competition advantage of Chinese milk vetch and wheat for weed seed.On the other hand, wheat
Blade it is long, flat stretching, extension, 90 ~ 110 centimetres of plant height, it is low that Yu Du is closed in early growth period farmland, provides easily to suppressing weed seed germination
Space.And Chinese milk vetch is stolon, vertical height tolerates low illumination typically at 30 ~ 50 centimetres, sky that can be fully under closing wheat
Between control weed germination, the photosynthesis of wheat will not be excessively had influence on again.
Chinese milk vetch is used as green manure plant, NH when individually planting produced by its root circle symbiotic nitrogen fixation4 +When concentration is higher, fixed nitrogen
Enzymatic activity is suppressed, so as to influence the further synthesis of biological nitrogen fixation, is called " ammonia is checked ".Wheat root is flourishing, both can be with
Sponge the NH of the excessive accumulation produced by Chinese milk vetch fixed nitrogen4 +, release " ammonia is checked ", and because of its huge root system and root circle
Microenvironment is adapted to the growth of microorganism such as the gel-shaped series bacillus of phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, bacillus subtilis, enhance wheat for
The activation and dissociation of the phosphorus and potassium of soil mineral, there is provided required for Chinese milk vetch growth, both make to realize that fixed nitrogen is trained altogether
The 1+1 that fertile soil and plant development are synchronously carried out>2 make doulbe-sides' victory effect altogether.
Carbon-nitrogen ratio in Chinese milk vetch plant is relatively low, decomposes very fast in soil, it is impossible to realize it is slow it is lasting be that rear stubble is made
Thing supplies the effect of nitrogen.And although wheat stalk potassium phosphorus content is higher, carbon-nitrogen ratio is higher, and single also field decomposes slower.It is logical
Chinese milk vetch and wheat miscegenation are crossed, field is gone back jointly using wheat stalk and Chinese milk vetch, suitable carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted, for soil is provided
The nutrition supply of weighing apparatus, enriches edaphon species and improves the content of organic matter.Resultant effect is fertilizing soil, is that crops carries
For more stablizing lasting fertilizer efficiency to realize high and stable yields.
Technical scheme
A kind of organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year that crop and green manure crop make altogether, will wheat mixed with Chinese milk vetch
Broadcast common work and with the organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year of paddy rice crop rotation, the organic implantation methods of the crops realize soil
Organic implantation methods that earth is fostered and apply fertilizer, grain security production develops simultaneously with the careless multi-functional of control, specifically include following steps：
（1）, wheat seeds and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds pretreatment
The microorganism mixing Dressing for a few days ago carrying out wheat seeds and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds respectively of sowing：
1., the Dressing of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, step is as follows：
Selection adapts to the primary kind of local climate, and full-bloom stage plant height is in the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds no more than 50 centimeters；
Seed dressing Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent, carboxymethylcellulose calcium is added than 1% by Rhizobium Inoculant weight before Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds sowing
Sodium is fully mixed, and obtains Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution；
Then Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution are sufficiently mixed uniformly, mixing consumption is according to per kilogram Chinese milk vetch kind
Son is calculated using the ratio of 4 milliliters of Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution；
Then put to be spread out at shady and cool lucifuge and dry, break up, it is ensured that mutual adhesion between Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, in dispersity, i.e.,
Must be through the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing；
Above-mentioned Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0938；
2., the Dressing of wheat seed, step is as follows：
Wheat seed dressing dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium, i.e., carry out mixing seed dressing according to per kilogram wheat seeds using 2 grams of dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium, obtain through
Wheat seed after microorganism Dressing；
Described dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0935；
（2）, sowing
1 ~ 2 day before rice harves, fair weather is selected, by step（1）Wheat seed and purple cloud after the middle Dressing through microorganism
English seed is directly sprinkled into rice field respectively；
When the content of organic matter is less than 1% in paddy soil, application rate is according to 1.5 ~ 2 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 5 kgs/acre of wheat
Ratio；
When the content of organic matter is in 1-2% in paddy soil, application rate according to 2-3 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 10 kgs/acre of wheat
Ratio；
When the content of organic matter is more than 2-2.3% in paddy soil, application rate is according to 1 ~ 1.5 kg/acre of Chinese milk vetch, and wheat 10 is public
Pound/acre ratio；
Further, seeding process also because wheat is because kind is different, tiller number difference sowing quantity is also differed, plant by using more than tiller number
Amount is reduced, and the preferable plot of soil fertility can suitably increase the consumption of wheat seed, the wheat used in embodiments of the invention
Kind does not limit the application of other kind wheat seeds to raise wheat No. 16；
After planting carry out rice harvesting, rice straw full dose chopping and returning, be covered in sowed after microorganism Dressing
Wheat seed and through on the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing, the rice straw of chopping and returning through microorganism to dressing seed
Wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after treatment play masking and moisture-keeping function；
（3）, field management
After planting begun to rehearse ditch using ditching machine in wheatland, to prevent farmland ponding from causing the stiff seedling of wheat, Major Pests after the beginning of spring
It is aphid, initial stage release natural enemy ladybug can occur in early spring aphid carries out prevention and control, and every mu of release 200-300 is only；
（4）, harvesting wheat
Ripe in May next year wheat from after planting 7 months, ripe wheat is gathered in using wheat harvester, wheat stalk
Full dose chopping and returning, then using turnplow by rice straw, this season wheat stalk and it is solid after Chinese milk vetch plough deeply and bury to 15-
25 centimeters of deep layers, the soaked field one week of then pouring water, rice field of then raking meets rice transplanting needs；
（5）, raising rice seedlings
Using seedling-cultivation plate, microbial bacterial agent is added in rice seedling raising ground substance, addition is by weight calculating, raising rice seedlings base
Matter：Microbial bacterial agent is 100：2；
Described microbial bacterial agent is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0935；
（6）, rice transplanting
Rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows are carried out using mechanization；
（7）, paddy growth period management
After the completion of rice transplanting, by the way of rice-duck farming, duck 15 is put in every mu of rice field in a suitable place to breed to rice growing season, until paddy rice
Heading flowering, then drives duck out of rice field；
It is commercial standard feed that duck is raised feeds utilized.
The mode of above-mentioned rice-duck farming, i.e., cross internal organs also field by duck, with the growth of duck, the increasing of feed feed intake
Plus, later stage excrement amount is larger, there is the residue of part fertilizer, can just meet next season Chinese milk vetch and wheat makees required altogether.
1-2 days before rice harvesting, repeat the crops of the above-mentioned two crops a year made altogether by crop and green manure crop
Step in organic implantation methods（2）-（7）, so as to realize the crops circulation of the two crops a year that crop and green manure crop make altogether
Organic plantation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
The organic implantation methods of crops of the two crops a year made altogether with green manure crop of a kind of crop of the invention, compared to tradition
Green manure+crop the mode of production more increased one season crop production；Purchase is saved compared to being produced using double seasons of chemical fertilizer
The input of chemical fertilizer, reduces the value volume and range of product of farmland weed；Due to that need not apply fertilizer, it is artificial so as to reduce to play herbicide,
Food security is also ensure that simultaneously, the wheat paddy rice of production is reached organic standard.
Further, the organic plantation side of crops of the two crops a year made altogether with green manure crop of a kind of crop of the invention
Method, the ammonia of crop needs is changed into due to the nitrogen that the Chinese milk vetch Rhizobium Inoculation that process is used can be fixed in air, and wheat connects
The dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium microorganisms such as kind of wheat inoculation bacillus can be in activating soil phosphorus potassium, not only meet this season wheat growth for
The need for fertilizer, the need for also largely meeting next season paddy growth for fertilizer.Using the method for the present invention, can
300-500 pounds/acre of stubble wheat before realizing, rice yield is up to 900 pounds/acre.Wheat sowing quantity saves 60%, saves fertilizer urea
120 jins/year, jin/year of calcium superphosphate 30,45 pounds/acre of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Further, the organic plantation side of crops of the two crops a year made altogether with green manure crop of a kind of crop of the invention
Method, due to Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding wheat, is destroyed using the different conditions to suppressing weed seed germination of both growthforms, is suppressed
Suppressing weed seed germination.Weeds quantity reduces 30% compared to control field in stubble rice field after plantation then.Chinese milk vetch and wheat are mixed after 1 year
Kind when field in weeds quantity compared to the previous year reduce by more than 60%, afterwards in stubble rice field weeds quantity compared to control field reduction by 80% with
On, the crop smothering of the paddy growth that do not make a difference substantially.
Further, the organic plantation side of crops of the two crops a year made altogether with green manure crop of a kind of crop of the invention
Method, because planting process does not apply chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, herbicide, the artificial input amount reduction by 70% managed and protected per field uses the party
After formula is planted 2 years, soil organic matter content improves 0.5%.Solve due to a large amount of agriculture faces using caused by chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals
Source is polluted, and is a kind of novel agricultural mode of production efficiently, environmentally friendly, ecological.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is expanded on further below by specific embodiment, enforcement place of the present invention is located at southern area of Jiangsu Province, but
The method is not intended to limit in other regional uses, each department can carry out adaptability according to the climatic condition of oneself and farming custom
Adjustment.
The model of various equipment used and the information of manufacturer are as follows in the embodiment of the present invention：
Rice harvester：The small harvester of full feed type, the type of Kubo field 988, Kubo field agricultural machinery（Suzhou）Co., Ltd
Production；
Tractor band ditching machine, the production of model MK704 China Yituo Group Co., Ltd；
The specification of various raw materials used and the information of manufacturer are as follows in various embodiments of the present invention：
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, food-grade, Yixing Tongda Chemical Co., Ltd.'s production；
Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, full-bloom stage plant height is purchased from Taicang seeds company no more than 50 centimeters；
Wheat seed is poplar wheat No. 16, is purchased from seeds company of Suzhou City；
Wheat seed pretreatment microbial bacterial agent used is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0935, i.e. Beijing Space Hengfeng science and technology
The mixed bacteria being made up of bacillus subtilis and gel-shaped series bacillus microbial bacteria of Development Co., Ltd's production；
The quasi- word of Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent, i.e. microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0938, the production of Ningxia Nodelman biotech company；
Microbial bacterial agent used by raising rice seedlings is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0935, i.e. Beijing Space Hengfeng development in science and technology has
The mixed bacteria being made up of bacillus subtilis and gel-shaped series bacillus microbial bacteria of limit company production；
Duck raises feeds utilized, is 512 type poultry feeds of Shanghai Nong Hao feed companies.
Duck used is Shaoxing pockmark duck in embodiments of the invention, but not limited to this, or suitable locality are not
With the duck of kind.
Rice field soil with organic matter content is determined and surveyed using the soil organism of standard GB/T 9834-88 in the present invention
Determine the potassium bichromate of defined in method --- sulfuric acid titration.
Embodiment 1
A kind of organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year that crop and green manure crop make altogether, will wheat mixed with Chinese milk vetch
Broadcast common work and with the organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year of paddy rice crop rotation, the organic implantation methods of the crops realize soil
Organic implantation methods that earth is fostered and apply fertilizer, grain security production develops simultaneously with the careless multi-functional of control, specifically include following steps：
（1）, wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds pretreatment
The microorganism mixing Dressing for a few days ago carrying out wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds respectively of sowing：
1., the Dressing of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, step is as follows：
Seed dressing Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent, carboxymethylcellulose calcium is added than 1% by Rhizobium Inoculant weight before Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds sowing
Sodium is fully mixed, and obtains Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution, is then sufficiently mixed Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution
Even, mixing consumption is calculated according to then according to per kilogram Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds using the ratio of 4 milliliters of Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution
Put to be spread out at shady and cool lucifuge and dry, break up, it is ensured that mutual adhesion between Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, in dispersity, obtain final product through micro- life
Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after thing Dressing；
Described Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0938；
2., the Dressing of wheat seed, step is as follows：
Wheat seed raises No. 16 seed dressing dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium of wheat, and the phosphorus decomposing solution of 2 grams of the use of wheat No. 16 is raised according to per kilogram wheat seed
Potassium bacterium carries out mixing seed dressing, obtains raising wheat No. 16 through the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing；
Above-mentioned dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0935；
（2）, wheat cultivation
1 ~ 2 day before rice harves, fair weather is selected, by step（1）Wheat seed after the middle Dressing through microorganism raises wheat 16
Number and be directly sprinkled into rice field respectively through the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing；
The content of organic matter is relatively low in above-mentioned paddy soil, and when being 0.8%, application rate is according to 1.8 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, and wheat 5 is public
Pound/acre ratio calculate；
Wheat No. 16 is raised through the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and is sowed through the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing
Afterwards, paddy rice is gathered in using the Full feeding harvester of Kubo field 988, and rice straw full dose chopping and returning is covered in the warp sowed
Wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and through on the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing, the paddy rice straw of chopping and returning
Stalk through the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing to raising wheat No. 16 and being played through the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing
Masking and moisture-keeping function；
（3）, field management
After planting begun to rehearse ditch using tractor ditching machine in wheatland, to prevent farmland ponding from causing wheat deadlock seedling, led after the beginning of spring
Insect pest is wanted for aphid, initial stage release natural enemy ladybug can occur in early spring aphid carries out prevention and control, and every mu of release 200-300 is only；
（4）, harvesting wheat
From after planting 7 months, No. 16 maturations of wheat are raised in May next year, ripe wheat No. 16 of raising is gathered in using wheat harvester,
Raise No. 16 stalk full dose chopping and returnings of wheat, then using turnplow by rice straw, this season raise No. 16 stalks of wheat and it is solid after purple
Yun Ying is ploughed deeply and buried to 15-25 centimeters of deep layer, the soaked field one week of then pouring water, and rice field of then raking meets rice transplanting needs；
（5）, raising rice seedlings
Using seedling-cultivation plate, microbial bacterial agent is added in rice seedling raising ground substance, addition is by weight calculating, raising rice seedlings base
Matter：Microbial bacterial agent is 100：2；
（6）, rice transplanting
Rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows are carried out using mechanization；
（7）, paddy growth period management
After the completion of rice transplanting, by the way of rice-duck farming, Shaoxing pockmark duck duckling 15 is put in every mu of rice field in a suitable place to breed to rice growing season,
Until Rice Heading flowering, then drives duck out of rice field；
Duck raises the feeds utilized 512 model poultry feeds commercially available for Shanghai Nong Hao feed companies.
The mode of above-mentioned rice-duck farming, i.e., cross internal organs also field by duck, with the growth of duck, the increasing of feed feed intake
Plus, later stage excrement amount is larger, there is the residue of part fertilizer, can just meet next season Chinese milk vetch and wheat makees required altogether.
Above-mentioned organic machine implantation methods, 300 pounds/acre of preceding stubble wheat yield, 800 pounds/acre of stubble rice yield average out to afterwards,
Chinese milk vetch wheat in 2015 has plant/square metre of weeds 84 in tilling land altogether, have in Chinese milk vetch wheat is tilled land altogether within 2016 23 plants of weeds/
Square metre, it is possible thereby to show organic implantation methods of the invention for Weeds distribution effect clearly.Particularly, for
This low-yield land, using Chinese milk vetch, wheat rice straw also field, the soil organism is lifted clearly, the time soil of only 2 years
The content of organic matter just improves 0.5%, and low-yield land is changed into middle product field.
Comparative examples 1
Control experiment is carried out on the soil of similarity condition, soil organic matter content is 0.8%.Using herbicide feud, change is used
Fertilizer is used as fertilizer, 11 kgs/acre of wheat paddock sowing quantity, paddy rice stubble mechanization seedling, machine rice transplantation, distance between rows and hills and the phase of embodiment 1
Together.Whole year production uses 120 pounds/acre of urea, 30 pounds/acre of calcium superphosphate；45 pounds/acre of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.Herbicide is used 4 times.
As a result：Wheatland yield is 400 jin, 950 jin of Paddy Output average out to.Wheat weedses have 53 plants/square meter within 2015（Two
Before secondary laxative）, wheat weedses have 57 plants/square meter within 2016（Before secondary laxative）.2 year same period is compared to weeds quantity substantially without change
Change.
Contrasted in comparative examples 1 by embodiment 1, can draw and use Chinese milk vetch small on the poor soil of condition
The mode of wheat mixed seeding, can obtain more good grain yield, and can effectively control weeds quantity.And use weeding
The mode of agent not only pollutes environment, and Second Year weeds quantity is not reduced.The mixed seeding of Chinese milk vetch wheat is indicated above to make altogether to farmland
Weeds quantity has obvious reduction to act on.
Embodiment 2
A kind of organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year that crop and green manure crop make altogether, will wheat mixed with Chinese milk vetch
Broadcast common work and with the organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year of paddy rice crop rotation, the organic implantation methods of the crops realize soil
Organic implantation methods that earth is fostered and apply fertilizer, grain security production develops simultaneously with the careless multi-functional of control, specifically include following steps：
（1）, wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds pretreatment
The microorganism mixing Dressing for a few days ago carrying out wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds respectively of sowing：
1., the Dressing of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, step is as follows：
Seed dressing Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent, carboxymethylcellulose calcium is added than 1% by Rhizobium Inoculant weight before Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds sowing
Sodium is fully mixed, and obtains Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution, is then sufficiently mixed Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution
Even, mixing consumption is calculated according to per kilogram Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds using the ratio of 4 milliliters of Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution, then puts the moon
Liang Biguangchu spreads out and dries, and breaks up, it is ensured that mutual adhesion between Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, in dispersity, obtains final product and is mixed through microorganism
Plant the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after treatment；
Described Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0938；
2., the Dressing of wheat seed, step is as follows：
Wheat seed raises No. 16 seed dressing dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium of wheat, and the phosphorus decomposing solution of 2 grams of the use of wheat No. 16 is raised according to per kilogram wheat seed
Potassium bacterium carries out mixing seed dressing, obtains raising wheat No. 16 through the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing；
Above-mentioned dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0935；
（2）, wheat cultivation
1 ~ 2 day before rice harves, fair weather is selected, by step（1）Wheat seed after the middle Dressing through microorganism raises wheat 16
Number and be directly sprinkled into rice field respectively through the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing；
The content of organic matter is 1.7% in above-mentioned paddy soil, and application rate is according to 3 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, the ratio of 10 kgs/acre of wheat
Example is calculated；
Wheat No. 16 is raised through the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and is sowed through the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing
Afterwards, paddy rice is gathered in using the Full feeding harvester of Kubo field 988, and rice straw full dose chopping and returning is covered in the warp sowed
Wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and through on the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing, the paddy rice straw of chopping and returning
Stalk through the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing to raising wheat No. 16 and being played through the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing
Masking and moisture-keeping function；
（3）, field management
After planting begun to rehearse ditch using tractor ditching machine in wheatland, to prevent farmland ponding from causing wheat deadlock seedling, led after the beginning of spring
Insect pest is wanted for aphid, initial stage release natural enemy ladybug can occur in early spring aphid carries out prevention and control, and every mu of release 200-300 is only；
（4）, harvesting wheat
From after planting 7 months, No. 16 maturations of wheat are raised in May next year, ripe wheat No. 16 of raising is gathered in using wheat harvester,
Raise No. 16 stalk full dose chopping and returnings of wheat, then using turnplow by rice straw, this season raise No. 16 stalks of wheat and it is solid after purple
Yun Ying is ploughed deeply and buried to 15-25 centimeters of deep layer, the soaked field one week of then pouring water, and rice field of then raking meets rice transplanting needs；
（5）, raising rice seedlings
Using seedling-cultivation plate, microbial bacterial agent is added in rice seedling raising ground substance, addition is by weight calculating, raising rice seedlings base
Matter：Microbial bacterial agent is 100：2；
（6）, rice transplanting
Rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows are carried out using mechanization；
（7）, paddy growth period management
After the completion of rice transplanting, by the way of rice-duck farming, duck 15 is put in every mu of rice field in a suitable place to breed to rice growing season, until paddy rice
Heading flowering, then drives duck out of rice field；
It is 512 model poultry feeds of Shanghai Nong Hao feed companies that duck is raised feeds utilized.
The mode of above-mentioned rice-duck farming, i.e., cross internal organs also field by duck, with the growth of duck, the increasing of feed feed intake
Plus, later stage excrement amount is larger, there is the residue of part fertilizer, can just meet next season Chinese milk vetch and wheat makees required altogether.
Organic implantation methods, 512 pounds/acre of preceding stubble wheat yield, stubble rice yield is big to 920 pounds/acre, wheat in 2015 afterwards
Field weed has 33 plants/square meter, and wheat weedses have 6 plants/square meter within 2016.2 year same period is obvious compared to the reduction of weeds quantity.
Comparative examples 2
Control experiment is carried out on the soil of similarity condition, soil organic matter content is 1.7%.Using herbicide feud, change is used
Fertilizer is used as fertilizer, 11 kgs/acre of wheat paddock sowing quantity.Paddy rice stubble mechanization seedling, machine rice transplantation, distance between rows and hills and the phase of embodiment 1
Together.Whole year production uses 120 pounds/acre of urea, 30 pounds/acre of calcium superphosphate；45 pounds/acre of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.Herbicide is used 4 times.
As a result：Wheatland yield is 512 jin, 920 jin of Paddy Output average out to.Wheat weedses have 63 plants/square meter within 2015（Two
Before secondary laxative）, wheat weedses have 88 plants/square meter within 2016（Before secondary laxative）.Second Year weeds quantity slightly has compared to the previous year
Rise
Contrasted in comparative examples 2 by embodiment 2, in the case of arable soil condition is preferable, by increasing purple cloud
The application rate of English and wheat obtains more preferable yield, while farmland canopy density are bigger.Thus weeds quantity is less.And same soil
Under the conditions of, using herbicide, weeds next year quantity can increased due to nutrition and illumination condition preferably.
Embodiment 3
A kind of organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year that crop and green manure crop make altogether, will wheat mixed with Chinese milk vetch
Broadcast common work and with the organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year of paddy rice crop rotation, the organic implantation methods of the crops realize soil
Organic implantation methods that earth is fostered and apply fertilizer, grain security production develops simultaneously with the careless multi-functional of control, specifically include following steps：
（1）, wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds pretreatment
The microorganism mixing Dressing for a few days ago carrying out wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds respectively of sowing：
1., the Dressing of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, step is as follows：
Seed dressing Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent, carboxymethylcellulose calcium is added than 1% by Rhizobium Inoculant weight before Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds sowing
Sodium is fully mixed, and obtains Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution, is then sufficiently mixed Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution
Even, mixing consumption is calculated according to per kilogram Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds using the ratio of 4 milliliters of Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution, then puts the moon
Liang Biguangchu spreads out and dries, and breaks up, it is ensured that mutual adhesion between Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, in dispersity, obtains final product and is mixed through microorganism
Plant the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after treatment；
Described Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0938；
2., the Dressing of wheat seed, step is as follows：
Wheat seed raises No. 16 seed dressing dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium of wheat, and the phosphorus decomposing solution of 2 grams of the use of wheat No. 16 is raised according to per kilogram wheat seed
Potassium bacterium carries out mixing seed dressing, obtains raising wheat No. 16 through the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing；
Above-mentioned dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0935；
（2）, wheat cultivation
1 ~ 2 day before rice harves, fair weather is selected, by step（1）Wheat seed after the middle Dressing through microorganism raises wheat 16
Number and be directly sprinkled into rice field respectively through the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing；
The content of organic matter 2.3% in above-mentioned paddy soil, application rate is according to 1.5 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, the ratio of 10 kgs/acre of wheat
Example is calculated；
Wheat No. 16 is raised through the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and is sowed through the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing
Afterwards, paddy rice is gathered in using the Full feeding harvester of Kubo field 988, and rice straw full dose chopping and returning is covered in the warp sowed
Wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and through on the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing, the paddy rice straw of chopping and returning
Stalk through the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing to raising wheat No. 16 and being played through the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing
Masking and moisture-keeping function；
（3）, field management
After planting begun to rehearse ditch using tractor ditching machine in wheatland, to prevent farmland ponding from causing wheat deadlock seedling, led after the beginning of spring
Insect pest is wanted for aphid, initial stage release natural enemy ladybug can occur in early spring aphid carries out prevention and control, and every mu of release 200-300 is only；
（4）, harvesting wheat
From after planting 7 months, No. 16 maturations of wheat are raised in May next year, ripe wheat No. 16 of raising is gathered in using wheat harvester,
Raise No. 16 stalk full dose chopping and returnings of wheat, then using turnplow by rice straw, this season raise No. 16 stalks of wheat and it is solid after purple
Yun Ying is ploughed deeply and buried to 15-25 centimeters of deep layer, the soaked field one week of then pouring water, and rice field of then raking meets rice transplanting needs；
（5）, raising rice seedlings
Using seedling-cultivation plate, microbial bacterial agent is added in rice seedling raising ground substance, addition is by weight calculating, raising rice seedlings base
Matter：Microbial bacterial agent is 100：2；
Described microbial bacterial agent is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0935；
（6）, rice transplanting
Rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows are carried out using mechanization；
（7）, paddy growth period management
After the completion of rice transplanting, by the way of rice-duck farming, duck 15 is put in every mu of rice field in a suitable place to breed to rice growing season, until paddy rice
Heading flowering, then drives duck out of rice field；
It is 512 model poultry feeds of Shanghai Nong Hao feed companies that duck is raised feeds utilized.
The mode of above-mentioned rice-duck farming, i.e., cross internal organs also field by duck, with the growth of duck, the increasing of feed feed intake
Plus, later stage excrement amount is larger, there is the residue of part fertilizer, can just meet next season Chinese milk vetch and wheat makees required altogether.
Organic implantation methods, 510 pounds/acre of preceding stubble wheat yield, stubble rice yield is big to 950 pounds/acre afterwards,
In sum, the organic implantation methods of crops of the two crops a year that a kind of crop that the present invention is provided makees altogether with green manure,
On the premise of ensureing crop yield, can effectively reduce weeds quantity and the fertility of abundance is provided.Because Chinese milk vetch is in inoculation root nodule
Obvious symbiotic nitrogen fixation effect is produced under conditions of bacterium, under conditions of the common work for having wheat, it is excessive that symbiotic nitrogen fixation synthesizes
Ammonia can be absorbed by wheat, so as to strengthen nitrogen fixation effect.Estimated according to Paddy Output, Chinese milk vetch can be carried with Rhizobium of Milk Vetch
For the amount of nitrogen fixation equivalent to 6 ~ 7 kilograms of purity nitrogens.Meanwhile, Chinese milk vetch root secreting acidic material during fixed nitrogen, and wheat connects
During bacillus subtilis and gluey bacillus in kind of the quasi- word 0935 of microorganism fertilizer 2012 are very effective activating soil
Phosphorus and potassium, in addition to the paddy rice and wheat seed that harvest, all nitrogen being stored in wheat, paddy rice, Chinese milk vetch root and stalk,
Phosphorus and potassium total crop return, improve the content of Soil Available N P and K and improve soil organic matter content, improve crop root growth
Environment, thus produces and the yield using the essentially identical effect of chemical fertilizer.Organic implantation methods i.e. of the invention, are ensureing to make produce
On the premise of amount, the use of chemical fertilizer, herbicide is reduced or avoids, the implantation methods meet wanting for organic agronomic crop production standard
Ask, the crop products high-quality produced, safety.
The above is only the citing of embodiments of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill of the art
For personnel, on the premise of the technology of the present invention principle is not departed from, some improvement and modification can also be made, these improve and become
Type also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year that a kind of crop and green manure crop make altogether, it is characterised in that described
Organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year that crop and green manure crop make altogether, will wheat make altogether with Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding and
With the organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year of paddy rice crop rotation.
2. organic plantation side of the crops of the two crops a year that a kind of crop as claimed in claim 1 makees altogether with green manure crop
Method, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps：
（1）, wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds pretreatment
The microorganism mixing Dressing for a few days ago carrying out wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds respectively of sowing：
1., the Dressing of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, step is as follows：
Selection adapts to the primary kind of local climate, and full-bloom stage plant height is in the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds no more than 50 centimeters；
Seed dressing Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent, carboxymethylcellulose calcium is added than 1% by Rhizobium Inoculant weight before Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds sowing
Sodium is fully mixed, and obtains Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution；
Then Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution are sufficiently mixed uniformly, mixing consumption is according to per kilogram Chinese milk vetch kind
Son is calculated using the ratio of 4 milliliters of Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution；
Then put to be spread out at shady and cool lucifuge and dry, break up, obtain final product through the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing；
Above-mentioned Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0938；
2., the Dressing of wheat seed, step is as follows：
Wheat seed dressing dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium, i.e., carry out mixing seed dressing according to per kilogram wheat seeds using 2 grams of dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium, obtain through
Wheat seed after microorganism Dressing；
Described dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0935；
（2）, wheat cultivation
1 ~ 2 day before rice harves, fair weather is selected, by step（1）Wheat seed after the middle Dressing through microorganism and through micro-
Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after biological Dressing are directly sprinkled into rice field respectively；
When the content of organic matter is less than 1% in paddy soil, application rate is according to 1.5-2 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 5 kgs/acre of wheat
Ratio；
When the content of organic matter is in 1-2% in paddy soil, application rate according to 2-3 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 10 kgs/acre of wheat
Ratio；
As content of organic matter 2-2.3% in paddy soil, application rate is according to 1-1.5 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 10 kgs/acre of wheat
Ratio；
After planting carry out rice harvesting, rice straw full dose chopping and returning, be covered in sowed after microorganism Dressing
Wheat seed and through on the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing；
（3）, field management
After planting begun to rehearse ditch using ditching machine in wheatland, early spring aphid the initial stage occurs and discharges natural enemy ladybug and carry out prevention and control, every mu
Release 200-300 is only；
（4）, harvesting wheat
Ripe in May next year wheat from after planting 7 months, ripe wheat is gathered in using wheat harvester, wheat stalk
Full dose chopping and returning, then using turnplow by rice straw, this season wheat stalk and it is solid after Chinese milk vetch plough deeply and bury to 15-
25 centimeters of deep layers, the soaked field one week of then pouring water, rice field of then raking meets rice transplanting needs；
（5）, raising rice seedlings
Using seedling-cultivation plate, microbial bacterial agent is added in rice seedling raising ground substance, addition is by weight calculating, raising rice seedlings base
Matter：Microbial bacterial agent is 100：2；
Described microbial bacterial agent is the quasi- word of microorganism fertilizer 2,012 0935；
（6）, rice transplanting
Rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows are carried out using mechanization；
（7）, paddy growth period management
After the completion of rice transplanting, by the way of rice-duck farming, duck 15 is put in every mu of rice field in a suitable place to breed to rice growing season, until paddy rice
Heading flowering, then drives duck out of rice field.
3. organic plantation side of the crops of the two crops a year that a kind of crop as claimed in claim 2 makees altogether with green manure crop
Method, it is characterised in that step（1）The middle wheat seed for using is to raise wheat No. 16.
4. organic plantation side of the crops of the two crops a year that a kind of crop as claimed in claim 2 makees altogether with green manure crop
Method, it is characterised in that step（2）In：
When the content of organic matter is 0.8% in paddy soil, application rate according to 1.8 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 5 kgs/acre of wheat
Ratio.
5. organic plantation side of the crops of the two crops a year that a kind of crop as claimed in claim 2 makees altogether with green manure crop
Method, it is characterised in that step（2）In：
When the content of organic matter is 1.7% in paddy soil, application rate is according to 3 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, the ratio of 10 kgs/acre of wheat
Example.
6. organic plantation side of the crops of the two crops a year that a kind of crop as claimed in claim 2 makees altogether with green manure crop
Method, it is characterised in that step（2）In：
When the content of organic matter is 2.3% in paddy soil, application rate according to 1.5 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 10 kgs/acre of wheat
Ratio.
7. organic plantation side of the crops of the two crops a year that a kind of crop as claimed in claim 2 makees altogether with green manure crop
Method, it is characterised in that step（7）Described in rice field duck varieties be Shaoxing pockmark duck, raise Shaoxing pockmark duck it is feeds utilized, be Shanghai
512 model poultry feeds of Nong Hao feed companies.
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