CN106134873A - A kind of green manure paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice - Google Patents

A kind of green manure paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice Download PDF

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CN106134873A
CN106134873A CN201610462442.7A CN201610462442A CN106134873A CN 106134873 A CN106134873 A CN 106134873A CN 201610462442 A CN201610462442 A CN 201610462442A CN 106134873 A CN106134873 A CN 106134873A
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rice
selenium
rich
paddy
field
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CN106134873B (en
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黄太庆
江泽普
廖青
邢颖
梁潘霞
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Agricultural Resource and Environment Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • A01G22/22Rice
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00Fertilisers containing potassium

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of green manure paddy rice crop rotation and produce the method for selenium-rich rice: (1) selects field;(2) Green manuring;(3) field green manuring is turned over;(4) wholely;(5) seed selection seedling;(6) shoot transplanting equipment;(7) field management;(8) rice harves and storage.The inventive method can effectively increase the content of selenium in paddy rice, and the waste that energy relative reduction selenium is fertile under various edaphic conditions, improves the fertile utilization rate of selenium;Administration selenium is avoided to cause soil pollution when fertile, rice field soil fertility level of fostering and apply fertilizer again;Simplify the flow process of tradition selenium-rich rice plantation, reduce labour and put into, reduce production cost.

Description

A kind of green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method producing selenium-rich rice, produce selenium-rich water particularly to a kind of green manure-paddy rice crop rotation The method of rice.
Background technology
Selenium is one of nutrient of needed by human, and multiple diseases of health are related to selenium deficiency (such as Keshan disease, big joint Disease, cancer, anaemia etc.), but the selenium of excess is taken in, to human body toxic effect again.There are some researches show, the selenium in food is less than 0.05mg/kg will result in human body and lacks selenium;Intoxicating phenomenon can be produced more than 3-5mg/kg;The scope of safety is at 0.1-0.36mg/ Between kg.Food is the main source of human body selenium, and the Se content produced on selenium-rich soil is higher, and at low-Se soil On the Se content produced often relatively low so that human body requirements can not be met.The face of investigation display Chinese more than 70% Long-pending soil lacks selenium.In China, the people of more than half is with rice as staple food, in Rice Cropping, improves enrichment in seed for the selenium, Increase the content of selenium in rice, be to promote one of whole people's effective way mending selenium.
At present having carried out many explorations and research for selenium-rich rice plantation, common way has: administration containing selenium fertilizer, Spraying Se foliage fertilizer, selenium solution seed soaking etc..The method that administration produces selenium-rich rice containing selenium fertilizer is mainly at basal dressing and topdresses When, be added into selenium among soil, allows rice root from soil absorption selenium element, after be enriched in seed, produce selenium-rich rice Paddy, such as China Patent Publication No.: CN105052644A, patent of invention title: the implantation methods of selenium-enriched rice, the method is to be complexed The selenium-enriched fertilizer of state makees base manure, imposes Selenium-rich composite fertilizer more respectively at paddy rice earing flowering initial stage and Early filling stage.As soil application The fertile way of selenium, selenium easily fixed or is converted into the selenium of invalid state, and the utilization rate of selenium is low, if Long-Time Service, it is also possible to meeting Cause soil pollution.The way of Spraying Se foliage fertilizer is typically to spray foliage fertilizer containing selenium in the middle and later periods of paddy growth, such as China Patent publication No.: CN105210745A, patent of invention title: the breeding method of a kind of selenium-rich rice, respectively at Rise's boot period Respectively spray a selenium fertilizer with the pustulation period;China Patent Publication No.: CN104838832A, patent of invention title: a kind of selenium-rich rice Implantation methods, in tillering stage, boot stage and pustulation period respectively spray an Organic Selenium composite solution.Execute the side of foliage fertilizer containing selenium Method also exists the fertile problem at paddy remained on surface of selenium, and in rice, inorganic selenium content is higher, there is food safety risk.Seed soaking Method be before paddy rice vernalization or utilize when vernalization the solution containing selenium element to soak seed, make paddy rice when rice shoot Phase is i.e. enriched with a certain amount of selenium element, such as China Patent Publication No.: CN105230415A, patent of invention title: a kind of selenium-rich water The high-yield planting method of rice, the method adds sodium selenite to mix with seed after rice seed soaking, then carries out vernalization, in paddy rice Final-period management carries out foliage-spray complex peptides albumen selenium nutrient solution again;China Patent Publication No.: CN104719056A, invention Patent name: a kind of selenium-rich rice planting technology, the method uses Selenium-rich nutrient solution to soak seed, in the field management in later stage Cheng Zhong, sprays by Selenium-rich nutrient solution respectively in paddy rice jointing, blooming stage.Visible, the method for selenium solution seed soaking is after rice transplanting The standard that also rice just need to can be made to reach selenium-rich with the use of extra selenium fertilizer.With rotation system, paddy rice natural selenium-rich is allowed to produce The rare report of method of selenium-rich rice.
Therefore, there is the fertile residual of selenium in prior art, inorganic selenium content is high, and then the problem bringing food safety risk; Or selenium is fertile to be consumed greatly, and the fertile utilization rate of selenium is not high, and in paddy rice, selenium content increases inconspicuous, and then the soil contamination problem causing; Additionally, the problem that existing production selenium-rich rice technical operation is complicated, loss is manually excessive, therefore needing one badly can effectively increase Add water the content of selenium in rice, again can the fertile waste of relative reduction selenium, improve the fertile utilization rate of selenium, reduce production cost, to soil property Have no side effect, the method for the content of selenium in effective and reasonable control paddy rice.
The information being disclosed in this background section is merely intended to increase the understanding of the general background to the present invention, and should not When being considered to recognize or imply in any form prior art well known to persons skilled in the art for this information structure.
Content of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned technical problem, invent a kind of green manure-paddy rice crop rotation and produce the method for selenium-rich rice, it is intended to reach To can effectively increase full Se content and Organic Selenium ratio in paddy rice simultaneously, again can the fertile waste of relative reduction selenium, improve selenium Fertile utilization rate, reduces the purpose of production cost.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention provides is as follows:
A kind of green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice, comprises following operating procedure:
(1) select field: select ecological environment good, away from pollution sources, and have the agricultural producing areas of continuous production ability, Gather paddy soil, detect full Se content therein;
(2) Green manuring: after rice harvesting, annual October 10 to green manuring in rice field on November 15, green Fertile jointing sprays organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer to the early flowering season to green manure, and green manure grows 120~150 days, i.e. green manure grows to full-bloom stage Front and back can gather in the crops green manuring, during green manure growth, carry out the water management of routine;
(3) field green manuring is turned over: carry out plow harrow field for the first time after green manure grows 120~150 days in step (2) to rice field, turn over Ground, green manuring green manure, and dipping of pouring water in rice field, make green manure anaerobic fermentation, decomposition, simultaneously it is noted that take precautions against paddy field water shunting Lose, can carry out behind dip time >=15 day transplanting rice cultivation;
(4) wholely: within 1~2 day before rice transplanting, carrying out second time plow harrow field, plow harrow field requires to rake and harrows carefully for the second time, Prevent and treat rice field to leak, flow mud simultaneously, and apply base manure;
(5) choose seeds seedling: select high-grade rice kind, rice paddy seed shone in 1~2 day before seed soaking half a day to 1 day, use afterwards Wet concentration, rejects not plump paddy, not full paddy and impurity, sterilization, seed soaking, vernalization, carries out after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally to more than 90% seed in rice seedling bed Sowing, uses seedling-cultivation plate, the water supply-demand equilibrium of rice seedling bed ground moistening to be kept, after planting 15~20 days, sprays and once strengthen Seedling agent, consumption is 1.5kg/ mu, with nurturing staff;
(6) shoot transplanting equipment: keep temperature in rice seedling bed more than 15 DEG C, during rice shoot length to 3.5~4.5 leaf in step (4) Plantation rice shoot in the whole rice field obtaining, keeps shallow water rice transplanting, participates Basic Seedling;
(7) field management: according to conventional field management, in water management, keeps 3~4 centimetres of shallow waters to promote after rice transplanting Turn green, keep 3~5 centimetres of shallow waters, only add water not draining, the dry field when enough seedlings 90%, many dew are light to be shone, and has water to contain tire heading, after Phase dry and wet manages;In terms of fertilizer management, within after rice transplanting 7~10 days, imposing fertile for the first time, mu executes 7.5 kilograms of urea;Paddy rice Within after transplanting 12~15 days, impose second time fertile, execute 15 kilograms of urea, 15 kilograms of potassium chloride for every mu;Disease pest and weed aspect, according to often Rule medication;
(8) rice harves and storage.
Wherein, the green manure described in step (2) is the one in Radish, Chinese milk vetch or broad bean.
Wherein, in step (2), when plantation Radish or broad bean, ridging is ditched, and line-spacing is 48~52cm, sealing fertilizer (15- 15-15) 10~15kg/ mu is 1kg/ mu as base manure, Radish seed broadcasting, sowing quantity;Broad Bean Seeds program request, spacing in the rows is 12-15cm, sowing quantity is 14~17kg/ mu;Wherein, Chinese milk vetch is directly broadcasted sowing in the rice field that non-ridging is ditched, by kind Amount is 2~3kg/ mu.
Wherein, step (2) sprays the amount of organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer to green manure different and use not according to rice field selenium content Same amount sprays, and is i.e. less than the rice field of 0.2mg/kg at Selenium in Soil content, and administration 500ml Se content is 20g/L organic Se-rich blade face Fertilizer, dilutes 300 times of administrations;Selenium in Soil content is the rice field of 0.2~0.4mg/kg, and administration 300ml Se content is the organic richness of 20g/L Selenium foliage fertilizer, dilutes 300 times of administrations;Selenium in Soil content is the rice field more than 0.4mg/kg, and Spraying Se content is the organic richness of 20g/L Selenium foliage fertilizer 0~100ml, dilutes 300 times of administrations.
Wherein, the organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer in step (2) is to be chelated with sodium selenite and obtained, organic Se-rich by alcohol effluent Foliage fertilizer is made up of following components raw material according to weight part ratio: potassium fulvate solution 50~60 parts and sodium selenite 4.5 parts.
Wherein, described alcohol effluent is by produced waste liquid during molasses or cassava production alcohol, dense through evaporation Contract and obtain, the brix >=50 ° Bx of waste liquid.
Wherein, organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer preparation method is:
(1) each component raw material needed for weighing according to ratio of weight and number: alcohol effluent 50~60 parts and sodium selenite 4.5 Part, then sodium selenite is dissolved;
(2) sodium selenite after dissolving in step (1) is slowly added among alcohol effluent, while add sodium selenite solution, While shake up;After adding, being placed on gained mixed solution and shaking 180 minutes on shaking table, concussion frequency is 100r/min, and temperature is 30℃。
Wherein, the base manure described in step (4) and consumption are: decomposed manure 500kg/ mu, composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 25kg/ mu.
Wherein, throwing 70 seedling dishes for every mu when the amount of the plantation rice shoot described in step (6) is rice transplanting, conventional Rice every mu is effective The root and stem of certain plants 2.1~2.2 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants, the effective root and stem of certain plants of hybrid paddy rice every mu 1.7~1.9 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants;Use transplanting cun, every mu of 20,000 root and stem of certain plants, want after the machine transplanting of rice and When fill a vacancy the root and stem of certain plants.
Wherein, the rice harves described in step (8) and storage for paddy 90% ripe when harvesting, prevent overheated harvesting, Cause shattering and affect rice matter;The short broken rear also field of straw;Paddy removes after receiving, be dried after, make seed moisture content 13.5% with Under, under conditions of drying in cool place, individually store, and note protection against rodents insect protected.
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that
The inventive method can effectively increase the content of selenium in paddy rice under various edaphic conditions, and can relative reduction selenium fertilizer Waste, improve the fertile utilization rate of selenium;Administration selenium is avoided to cause soil pollution when fertile, rice field soil fertility level of fostering and apply fertilizer again;Simplify The flow process of traditional selenium-rich rice plantation, reduces labour and puts into, reduce production cost.
Detailed description of the invention
It is described in detail below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not by specifically The restriction of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer:
(1) each component raw material needed for weighing according to ratio of weight and number: alcohol effluent 55 parts and sodium selenite 4.5 parts, so After by sodium selenite dissolve;Wherein, alcohol effluent is by produced waste liquid during molasses or cassava production alcohol, through evaporation Concentrate and obtain, the brix >=50 ° Bx of waste liquid;
(2) sodium selenite after dissolving in step (1) is slowly added among alcohol effluent, while add sodium selenite solution, While shake up;After adding, being placed on gained mixed solution and shaking 180 minutes on shaking table, concussion frequency is 100r/min, and temperature is 30℃;Gained organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer is standby.
A kind of green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice, comprises following operating procedure:
(1) select field: select ecological environment good, away from pollution sources, and have the agricultural producing areas of continuous production ability, Home environment condition reaches " NY 5116 pollution-free food paddy rice home environment condition " standard requirements above, gathers paddy soil, Detecting full Se content therein, detection acquired results is as shown in the table:
(2) Green manuring: after rice harvesting, plants Radish mid-November in rice field, and sowing quantity is 1kg/ mu, Trench digging line-spacing is 52cm, and applies composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 10~15kg/ mu as base manure, sprays at green manure jointing to early flowering season Executing once and above-mentioned preparing gained organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer (after diluting 300 times use), the amount of spraying is 100ml, and Se content is 20g/ L, green manure grows 135 days, i.e. green manure can gather in the crops green manuring before and after growing to full-bloom stage, carries out the moisture of routine during green manure growth Management;
(3) turning over field green manuring: green manure grows 135 days in step (2), carrying out to rice field ploughing a field for the first time, plough, green manuring is green Fertilizer, and dipping of pouring water in rice field, make green manure anaerobic fermentation, decomposition, simultaneously it is noted that take precautions against paddy field moisture and run off, and dip time Can carry out after >=15 days transplanting rice cultivation;Producing through surveying, biomass is 2400kg/ mu, and in green manure, Se content is 0.33mg/ kg;
(4) wholely: within 1~2 day before rice transplanting, carrying out second time plow harrow field, plow harrow field requires to rake and harrows carefully for the second time, Prevent and treat rice field to leak, flow mud simultaneously, and apply base manure, i.e. base manure is decomposed manure 500kg/ mu, composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 25kg/ mu;
(5) rice paddy seed is shone half in 1~2 day before seed soaking by seed selection seedling: select high-quality conventional rice variety power source to account for No. 2 My god, use wet concentration afterwards, reject not plump paddy, not full paddy and impurity, sterilization, seed soaking, vernalization, after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally to more than 90% seed, use seedling Plate seedling raising, seedling dish specification is 561 holes, first makes the mud of each filling small hole 2/3 of seedling dish, and then every hole sowing " shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally " 2~3, seed, finally to seedling dish cover a thin layer mud, simultaneously for defence low temperature, with bamboo chip arch upward support thin Film, to rice seedling bed insulation;The water supply-demand equilibrium of rice seedling bed ground moistening to be kept, after planting 15~20 days, sprays and once strengthens seedling agent, Consumption is that 1.5kg/ mu is with nurturing staff;
(6) shoot transplanting equipment: keep temperature in rice seedling bed more than 15 DEG C, during rice shoot length to 3.5~4.5 leaf in step (4) Plantation rice shoot in the whole rice field obtaining, keeps shallow water rice transplanting, participates Basic Seedling;The amount of plantation rice shoot when being rice transplanting every mu throw 70 with Upper seedling dish, the every mu of effective root and stem of certain plants 2.1~2.2 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants;
(7) field management: according to conventional field management, in water management, keeps 3~4 centimetres of shallow waters to promote after rice transplanting Turn green, keep 3~5 centimetres of shallow waters, only add water not draining, when enough seedlings 90% dry field (20~220,000 seedlings/mu, i.e. ear when, often Mu has 20-22 ten thousand fringes/mu), many dew are light to be shone, and has water to contain tire heading, and later stage dry and wet manages;In terms of fertilizer management, rice transplanting Within latter 7~10 days, impose fertile for the first time, execute 7.5 kilograms of urea for every mu;Within after rice transplanting 12~15 days, imposing second time fertile, mu executes urine Element 15 kilograms, 15 kilograms of potassium chloride;Disease pest and weed aspect, according to routine administration;
(8) rice harves and storage: gather in when paddy 90% is ripe, prevent overheated harvesting, cause shattering and affect rice matter; The short broken rear also field of straw;Paddy removes after receiving, be dried after, make seed moisture content below 13.5%, the condition being dried in cool place Under, individually store, and note protection against rodents insect protected.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer:
(1) each component raw material needed for weighing according to ratio of weight and number: alcohol effluent 50 parts and sodium selenite 4.5 parts, so After by sodium selenite dissolve;Wherein, alcohol effluent is by produced waste liquid during molasses or cassava production alcohol, through evaporation Concentrate and obtain, the brix >=50 ° Bx of waste liquid;
(2) sodium selenite after dissolving in step (1) is slowly added among alcohol effluent, while add sodium selenite solution, While shake up;After adding, being placed on gained mixed solution and shaking 180 minutes on shaking table, concussion frequency is 100r/min, and temperature is 30℃;Gained organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer is standby.
A kind of green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice, comprises following operating procedure:
(1) select field: select ecological environment good, away from pollution sources, and have the agricultural producing areas of continuous production ability, Home environment condition reaches " NY 5116 pollution-free food paddy rice home environment condition " standard requirements above, gathers paddy soil, Detecting full Se content therein, detection acquired results is as shown in the table:
(2) Green manuring: after rice harvesting, broadcasted sowing green manure Chinese milk vetch October 10 in rice field, and sowing quantity is 2~ 3kg/ mu, and apply composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 10~15kg/ mu as base manure, spray at green manure jointing to early flowering season and once go up Stating and preparing gained organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer, the amount of spraying is 300ml (using after diluting 300 times), and Se content is 20g/L, and green manure is raw Long 150 days, i.e. green manure can gather in the crops green manuring before and after growing to full-bloom stage, carries out the water management of routine during green manure growth;
(3) field green manuring is turned over: 3 and the middle ten days, after i.e. green manure grows 150 days in step (2), carry out to rice field ploughing for the first time Field, ploughs, green manuring green manure, and dipping of pouring water in rice field, makes green manure anaerobic fermentation, decomposition, simultaneously it is noted that take precautions against paddy field water Shunting is lost, and can carry out transplanting rice cultivation behind dip time >=15 day;Producing through surveying, biomass is 1950kg/ mu, selenium in green manure Content is 0.85mg/kg;
(4) wholely: within 1~2 day before rice transplanting, carrying out second time plow harrow field, plow harrow field requires to rake and harrows carefully for the second time, Prevent and treat rice field to leak, flow mud simultaneously, and apply base manure, i.e. base manure is decomposed manure 500kg/ mu, composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 25kg/ mu;
(5) rice paddy seed is shone 1 in 1~2 day before seed soaking by seed selection seedling: select high-quality conventional rice variety power source to account for No. 2 My god, use wet concentration afterwards, reject not plump paddy, not full paddy and impurity, sterilization, seed soaking, vernalization, after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally to more than 90% seed, use seedling Plate seedling raising, seedling dish specification is 561 holes, first makes the mud of each filling small hole 2/3 of seedling dish, and then every hole sowing " shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally " 2~3, seed, finally to seedling dish cover a thin layer mud, simultaneously for defence low temperature, with bamboo chip arch upward support thin Film, to rice seedling bed insulation;The water supply-demand equilibrium of rice seedling bed ground moistening to be kept, after planting 15~20 days, sprays and once strengthens seedling agent, Consumption is that 1.5kg/ mu is with nurturing staff;
(6) shoot transplanting equipment: keep temperature in rice seedling bed more than 15 DEG C, during rice shoot length to 3.5~4.5 leaf in step (4) Plantation rice shoot in the whole rice field obtaining, keeps shallow water rice transplanting, participates Basic Seedling;The amount of plantation rice shoot is employing transplanting cun, every mu 2 Ten thousand root and stem of certain plants, the root and stem of certain plants of filling a vacancy in time after the machine transplanting of rice, the every mu of effective root and stem of certain plants 2.1~2.2 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants;
(7) field management: according to conventional field management, in water management, keeps 3~4 centimetres of shallow waters to promote after rice transplanting Turn green, keep 3~5 centimetres of shallow waters, only add water not draining, when enough seedlings 90% dry field (20~220,000 seedlings/mu, i.e. ear when, often Mu has 20-22 ten thousand fringes/mu), many dew are light to be shone, and has water to contain tire heading, and later stage dry and wet manages;In terms of fertilizer management, rice transplanting Within latter 7~10 days, impose fertile for the first time, execute 7.5 kilograms of urea for every mu;Within after rice transplanting 12~15 days, imposing second time fertile, mu executes urine Element 15 kilograms, 15 kilograms of potassium chloride;Disease pest and weed aspect, according to routine administration;
(8) rice harves and storage: gather in when paddy 90% is ripe, prevent overheated harvesting, cause shattering and affect rice matter; The short broken rear also field of straw;Paddy removes after receiving, be dried after, make seed moisture content below 13.5%, the condition being dried in cool place Under, individually store, and note protection against rodents insect protected.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer:
(1) each component raw material needed for weighing according to ratio of weight and number: alcohol effluent 60 parts and sodium selenite 4.5 parts, so After by sodium selenite dissolve;Wherein, alcohol effluent is by produced waste liquid during molasses or cassava production alcohol, through evaporation Concentrate and obtain, the brix >=50 ° Bx of waste liquid;
(2) sodium selenite after dissolving in step (1) is slowly added among alcohol effluent, while add sodium selenite solution, While shake up;After adding, being placed on gained mixed solution and shaking 180 minutes on shaking table, concussion frequency is 100r/min, and temperature is 30℃;Gained organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer is standby.
A kind of green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice, comprises following operating procedure:
(1) select field: select ecological environment good, away from pollution sources, and have the agricultural producing areas of continuous production ability, Home environment condition reaches " NY 5116 pollution-free food paddy rice home environment condition " standard requirements above, gathers paddy soil, Detecting full Se content therein, detection acquired results is as shown in the table:
(2) Green manuring: after rice harvesting, mid-November, program request broad bean in rice field, spacing in the rows is 12-15cm, by kind Amount is 14~17kg/ mu, and trench digging line-spacing is 50cm, and applies composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 10~15kg/ mu as base manure, green Fertile jointing to the early flowering season sprays once above-mentioned prepares gained organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer (use after dilute 300 times), and the amount of spraying is 500ml, Se content is 20g/L, and green manure grows 120 days, i.e. green manure can gather in the crops green manuring before and after growing to full-bloom stage, green manure grows Period carries out the water management of routine;
(3) turn over field green manuring: green manure grows 120~150 days in step (2), carry out to rice field ploughing a field for the first time, plough, Green manuring green manure, and dipping of pouring water in rice field, make green manure anaerobic fermentation, decomposition, simultaneously it is noted that take precautions against paddy field moisture and run off, and leaching Can carry out behind stain time >=15 day transplanting rice cultivation;Producing through surveying, biomass is 2700kg/ mu, and in green manure, Se content is 1.11mg/kg;
(4) wholely: within 1~2 day before rice transplanting, carrying out second time plow harrow field, plow harrow field requires to rake and harrows carefully for the second time, Prevent and treat rice field to leak, flow mud simultaneously, and apply base manure, i.e. base manure is decomposed manure 500kg/ mu, composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 25kg/ mu;
(5) rice paddy seed is shone 1 in 1~2 day before seed soaking by seed selection seedling: select high-quality conventional rice variety power source to account for No. 2 My god, use wet concentration afterwards, reject not plump paddy, not full paddy and impurity, sterilization, seed soaking, vernalization, after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally to more than 90% seed, use seedling Plate seedling raising, seedling dish specification is 561 holes, first makes the mud of each filling small hole 2/3 of seedling dish, and then every hole sowing " shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally " 2~3, seed, finally to seedling dish cover a thin layer mud, simultaneously for defence low temperature, with bamboo chip arch upward support thin Film, to rice seedling bed insulation;The water supply-demand equilibrium of rice seedling bed ground moistening to be kept, after planting 15~20 days, sprays and once strengthens seedling agent, Consumption is that 1.5kg/ mu is with nurturing staff;
(6) shoot transplanting equipment: keep temperature in rice seedling bed more than 15 DEG C, during rice shoot length to 3.5~4.5 leaf in step (4) Plantation rice shoot in the whole rice field obtaining, keeps shallow water rice transplanting, participates Basic Seedling;The amount of plantation rice shoot when being rice transplanting every mu throw 70 with Upper seedling dish, the every mu of effective root and stem of certain plants 2.1~2.2 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants;
(7) field management: according to conventional field management, in water management, keeps 3~4 centimetres of shallow waters to promote after rice transplanting Turn green, keep 3~5 centimetres of shallow waters, only add water not draining, when enough seedlings 90% dry field (20~220,000 seedlings/mu, i.e. ear when, often Mu has 20-22 ten thousand fringes/mu), many dew are light to be shone, and has water to contain tire heading, and later stage dry and wet manages;In terms of fertilizer management, rice transplanting Within latter 7~10 days, impose fertile for the first time, execute 7.5 kilograms of urea for every mu;Within after rice transplanting 12~15 days, imposing second time fertile, mu executes urine Element 15 kilograms, 15 kilograms of potassium chloride;Disease pest and weed aspect, according to routine administration;
(8) rice harves and storage: gather in when paddy 90% is ripe, prevent overheated harvesting, cause shattering and affect rice matter; The short broken rear also field of straw;Paddy removes after receiving, be dried after, make seed moisture content below 13.5%, the condition being dried in cool place Under, individually store, and note protection against rodents insect protected.
Comparative example 1
In step (2), green manuring Radish routinely in winter, does not sprays selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer to green manure during plantation, its He operates in the same manner as in Example 1.
Comparative example 2
For green manuring routinely in winter in step (2), during Rice Cropping, Rise's boot period sprays a selenium-rich to be had Machine foliage fertilizer (organic foliar fertilizer of employing is identical with the foliage fertilizer in embodiment 1), the amount of spraying is that (Se content is 20g/ to 60ml L);Other operations are same as in Example 1.
Comparative example 3
For green manuring routinely in winter in step (2), during paddy growth, (adopt using selenium-enriched organic fertilizer as base manure Selenium-enriched organic fertilizer buy in Xi Gu scientific & technical corporation produce fertilizer, wherein Se content is 0.02~0.03%), administration Amount is 50kg, and wherein Se content is 320mg/kg, executes the conventional fertilizer of 450kg/ mu, other operations and phase in embodiment 1 simultaneously With.
Embodiment the 1st, comparative example 1~3 carried out in identical plot, except the requirement of each process, other measures according to Routine Management is carried out.
Result
Above-described embodiment the 1st, comparative example 1~3, after paddy rice is ripe, gathers rice sample, uses atom fluorescent luminosity Detection Se content analyzed by meter, and acquired results is as shown in table 1:
The impact that Se content and selenium are absorbed by the different selenium-rich rice planting patterns of table 1
From table 1 it follows that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is compared to the comparative example 1 without external source selenium, can be effective Improve full Se content (0.209~0.228mg/kg) in rice;It is compared to spray what selenium-rich organic foliage fertilizer was processed boot stage Comparative example 2, although spray during Rice Cropping, and the absorption rate of selenium is high, but its organic selenium content is relatively low, the present invention Organic selenium content accounting in embodiment 1 gained rice significantly improves (90.0%~92.1%);Absorption rate side at selenium Face, although the method for the present invention is less than foliage-spray comparative example 2, but is significantly higher than and applies comparative example 3 as base manure. Visible, from the aspect of in the full Se content of comprehensive paddy rice, paddy, Organic Selenium accounting and paddy rice are to the absorption rate three of selenium, this Bright have obvious comprehensive advantage.Spraying compared with foliage fertilizer with routine also rice growing season, organic selenium content significantly improves, and adds The quality of food and security, apply selenium-enriched fertilizer with conventional at rice basal fertilizer, and the utilization rate to selenium for the method significantly improves, Reduce and execute the fertile Ecological Environment Risk of selenium.
The aforementioned description to the specific illustrative embodiment of the present invention illustrates that and the purpose of illustration.These describe It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to above-mentioned teaching, can much change And change.The purpose carrying out selecting and describe to exemplary embodiment is to explain that the certain principles of the present invention and reality thereof should With so that those skilled in the art be capable of and utilize the present invention various different exemplary and Various different selections and change.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. a green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice, it is characterised in that comprise following operating procedure:
(1) select field: select ecological environment good, away from pollution sources, and have the agricultural producing areas of continuous production ability, gather Paddy soil, detects full Se content therein;
(2) Green manuring: annual October 10, to green manuring on November 15, has sprayed to green manure to the early flowering season at green manure jointing Machine selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer, green manure grows 120~150 days;
(3) field green manuring is turned over: carry out plow harrow field for the first time after green manure grows 120~150 days in step (2) to rice field, plough, pressure Dark green fertile, and dipping of pouring water in rice field, can carry out behind dip time >=15 day transplanting rice cultivation;
(4) wholely: within 1~2 day before rice transplanting, carry out second time plow harrow field, and apply base manure;
(5) choose seeds seedling: select rice varieties, rice paddy seed shone in 1~2 day before seed soaking half a day to 1 day, use wet concentration afterwards, pick Except not plump paddy, not full paddy and impurity, sterilization, seed soaking, vernalization, sow in rice seedling bed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally to more than 90% seed, adopt With seedling-cultivation plate, after planting 15~20 days, spraying and once strengthening seedling agent, consumption is 1.5kg/ mu;
(6) shoot transplanting equipment: keep temperature in rice seedling bed more than 15 DEG C, whole in step (4) during rice shoot length to 3.5~4.5 leaf Rice field in plantation rice shoot;
(7) field management: according to conventional field management, in water management, keeps 3~4 centimetres of shallow waters to promote to turn green after rice transplanting, Keeping 3~5 centimetres of shallow waters, only adding water not draining, the dry field when enough seedlings 90%, many dew are light to be shone, and has water to contain tire heading, later stage dry and wet Management;In terms of fertilizer management, within after rice transplanting 7~10 days, imposing fertile for the first time, mu executes 7.5 kilograms of urea;After rice transplanting Within 12~15 days, impose second time fertile, execute 15 kilograms of urea, 15 kilograms of potassium chloride for every mu;Disease pest and weed aspect, according to routine administration ?;
(8) rice harves and storage.
2. green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute in step (2) The green manure stated is the one in Radish, Chinese milk vetch or broad bean.
3. green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (2) is planted Ridging trench digging when planting Radish or broad bean, line-spacing is 48~52cm, Radish seed broadcasting, and sowing quantity is 1kg/ mu;Broad bean Seed program request, spacing in the rows is 12-15cm, and sowing quantity is 14~17kg/ mu;Wherein, Chinese milk vetch is straight in the rice field that non-ridging is ditched Connecing and broadcasting sowing, sowing quantity is 2~3kg/ mu.
4. green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2) to The amount that green manure sprays organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer uses not same amount to spray according to rice field selenium content difference, i.e. low at Selenium in Soil content In the rice field of 0.2mg/kg, administration 500ml Se content is 20g/L organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer, dilutes 300 times of administrations;Selenium in Soil contains Amount is the rice field of 0.2~0.4mg/kg, and administration 300ml Se content is 20g/L organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer, dilutes 300 times of administrations;Soil Earth Se content is the rice field more than 0.4mg/kg, and Spraying Se content is 20g/L organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer 0~100ml, dilutes 300 Administration again.
5. green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2) Organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer is to be chelated and obtained by alcohol effluent and sodium selenite, organic Se-rich foliage fertilizer according to weight part ratio by following Component raw material forms: potassium fulvate solution 50~60 parts and sodium selenite 4.5 parts.
6. green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described alcohol Waste liquid is for by produced waste liquid during molasses or cassava production alcohol, obtaining through evaporation and concentration, brix >=50 ° of waste liquid Bx。
7. green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice according to claim 5, it is characterised in that organic Se-rich leaf Leaven preparation method, comprises following operating procedure:
(1) each component raw material needed for weighing according to ratio of weight and number: alcohol effluent 50~60 parts and sodium selenite 4.5 parts, so After by sodium selenite dissolve;
(2) sodium selenite after dissolving in step (1) adds among alcohol effluent, while add sodium selenite solution, while shake up;Add After complete, shaking gained mixed solution 180 minutes, concussion frequency is 100r/min, and temperature is 30 DEG C.
8. green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute in step (4) Base manure and the consumption stated be: decomposed manure 500kg/ mu, composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 25kg/ mu.
9. green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute in step (6) Throwing 70 seedling dishes for every mu when the amount of the plantation rice shoot stated is rice transplanting, the effective root and stem of certain plants of conventional Rice every mu 2.1~2.2 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants, hybrid paddy rice is every The effective root and stem of certain plants 1.7~1.9 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants of mu;Use transplanting cun, every mu of 20,000 root and stem of certain plants, the root and stem of certain plants of filling a vacancy in time after the machine transplanting of rice.
10. green manure-paddy rice crop rotation produces the method for selenium-rich rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (8) Described rice harves is harvesting during paddy 90% maturation with storage, prevents overheated harvesting, causes shattering and affect rice matter;Straw Short broken rear also field;Paddy removes after receiving, be dried after, make seed moisture content below 13.5%, under conditions of drying in cool place, single Solely storage, and note protection against rodents insect protected.
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CN107047158A (en) * 2017-01-23 2017-08-18 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 The paddy rice planting method of cadmium drops in a kind of selenium-rich
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CN108783205A (en) * 2018-05-22 2018-11-13 安徽过湾农业科技有限公司 A kind of production method of the full powder of organic selenium-rich quinoa
CN108936241A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-12-07 安徽过湾农业科技有限公司 A kind of production method of the ripe full powder of organic selenium-rich corn
CN109089793A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-12-28 安徽袁粮水稻产业有限公司 A kind of efficient high-yield selenium-rich paddy rice planting method for reducing cadmium content in rice
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CN110301311A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-10-08 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice and rich selenium vegetables crop rotation
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CN108353562A (en) * 2017-09-29 2018-08-03 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 A kind of method that green manuring rotation pattern promotes beach Radix Rehmanniae soil rapid aging
CN107926190A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-04-20 南充有机蔬菜工程技术中心 A kind of Prevention Technique of bitter buckwheat green manure and the residual disease of soil
CN108055968A (en) * 2018-02-11 2018-05-22 平南县兴民龙藤茶业专业合作社 A kind of implantation methods of selenium enriched tea
CN108783205A (en) * 2018-05-22 2018-11-13 安徽过湾农业科技有限公司 A kind of production method of the full powder of organic selenium-rich quinoa
CN108936241A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-12-07 安徽过湾农业科技有限公司 A kind of production method of the ripe full powder of organic selenium-rich corn
CN109089793A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-12-28 安徽袁粮水稻产业有限公司 A kind of efficient high-yield selenium-rich paddy rice planting method for reducing cadmium content in rice
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CN110024642A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-07-19 桂林市农业科学院 A method of selenium-rich rice is planted using plant source humic acid organic fertilizer
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CN109984002A (en) * 2019-04-04 2019-07-09 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 One kind being based on Chinese milk vetch --- the Chinese milk vetch type of seeding of rice crop rotation
CN110301312A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-10-08 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice and selenium-rich potato crop rotation
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CN110786215A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-14 吉林省辉农粳稻科学技术开发有限公司 Cultivation method of selenium-rich rice
CN110786215B (en) * 2019-11-28 2021-08-27 吉林省辉农粳稻科学技术开发有限公司 Cultivation method of selenium-rich rice
CN112470847A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-03-12 王玲 Planting method of selenium-rich crops
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