CN106818174B - A kind of wheat and Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding make altogether and the organic implantation methods of crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation - Google Patents
A kind of wheat and Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding make altogether and the organic implantation methods of crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation Download PDFInfo
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
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- 241000293268 Astragalus chinensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of organic implantation methods of the crops of two crops a year that crop makees altogether with green manure crop, wheat and Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding are made altogether and the organic implantation methods of crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation, which includes 7 steps such as pretreatment, wheat cultivation, field management, harvesting wheat, raising rice seedlings, rice transplanting, paddy growth period management of wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds.The organic implantation methods of the crops of the two crops a year, under the premise of guaranteeing crop yield, it can effectively reduce weeds quantity and sufficient fertility be provided, thus reduce or avoid chemical fertilizer, the use of herbicide complies with the requirement that organic agronomic crop produces standard, and then produce high-quality, safe organic farm products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of crops, in particular to make altogether 1 year two of a kind of crop and green manure crop
The organic implantation methods of ripe crops.
Background technique
Organic plantation is a kind of implantation methods for using nature raw material completely during plant growth --- including soil
Improvement, fertilising and injurious insect control.Because almost without chemical protective agent or other additives, these foods are also referred to as health food
Product.Compared to chemical planting patterns, removes weeds and increase the link that fertilizer is most labor intensive in organic plantation, cause organic
Production cost remains high, and production efficiency can not obtain effective promotion.
Chinese milk vetch, semen viciae fabae, Radish are as a kind of important green manure crop two crops a year grain producing region in south China
Once commonly used.But since green manuring reduces season grain-production, land output is reduced, in recent years by chemical fertilizer, pesticide, weeding
The use of agent is substituted.It is used for a long time chemical fertilizer, pesticide, herbicide cause reduction and the micro organism quantity of soil organic matter content
It reduces, causes chemical fertilizer that cannot be effectively absorbed and utilize, soil natural habitat is destroyed, pest and disease damage, weeds outburst.Force agriculture
People's larger dose uses chemical fertilizer, pesticide, herbicide, thereby results in agriculture large area pollution of area source and serious food safety is asked
Topic.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to solve the contradiction between above-mentioned farmland control grass, improvement of soil fertility and grain-production
The organic implantation methods of novel crops for the two crops a year that a kind of crop and green manure crop provided makees altogether, this method have letter
It is single efficient, while improvement of soil fertility, Weeds distribution may be implemented, agricultural non-point source pollution is controlled, grain is produced and simultaneously guarantees food safety
Multiple target.
Technical principle of the invention
The sprouting of weed seed needs certain warm and humid light and heat condition, after the space above it is closed by other plants
Sprouting will be affected.Chinese milk vetch and wheat are all the sowings of late autumn the previous year, are sprouted, and passed the winter in the form of seedling, overwintering
Enter rapid growth stage afterwards.And many weed seeds were needed by an overwintering dormant period, spring next year turns to sprout again after warming up.
Difference on this growth space-time can form Chinese milk vetch and wheat for the growth competition advantage of weed seed.On the other hand,
The blade of wheat is long, flat stretching, extension, and 90~110 centimetres of plant height, it is low that Yu Du is closed in early growth period farmland, is easy to suppressing weed seed germination
Space is provided.And Chinese milk vetch is stolon, vertical height is resistant to low illumination generally at 30~50 centimetres, can abundant closing wheat
Under space control weed germination, and will not excessively influence the photosynthesis of wheat.
Chinese milk vetch is as green manure plant, NH caused by its root circle symbiotic nitrogen fixation when individually planting4 +When concentration is higher, fixed nitrogen
Enzymatic activity is suppressed, to influence the further synthesis of biological nitrogen fixation, is called " ammonia checks ".Wheat root is flourishing, both can be with
Sponge the NH of excessive accumulation caused by Chinese milk vetch fixed nitrogen4 +, release " ammonia checks ", and because of its huge root system and root circle
Microenvironment is suitble to the gel-shaped series bacillus of phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, the growth of the microorganisms such as bacillus subtilis, enhance wheat for
The activation and dissociation of the phosphorus and potassium of soil mineral, required for providing Chinese milk vetch growth, fixed nitrogen training is may be implemented in the two altogether
Make two-win effect altogether in 1+1 > 2 of fertile soil progress synchronous with plant development.
Carbon-nitrogen ratio in Chinese milk vetch plant is lower, decomposes comparatively fast in the soil, cannot achieve slowly lasting for rear stubble work
The effect of object supply nitrogen.And although wheat stalk potassium phosphorus content is higher, carbon-nitrogen ratio is higher, and single returning to the field is decomposed slower.It is logical
Chinese milk vetch and wheat miscegenation are crossed, using wheat stalk and the common returning to the field of Chinese milk vetch, suitable carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted, is provided for soil
The nutrition supply of weighing apparatus enriches edaphon type and improves the content of organic matter.Resultant effect is fertilizing soil, is mentioned for crops
For more stable lasting fertilizer efficiency to realize high and stable yields.
Technical solution of the present invention
A kind of organic implantation methods of the crops for the two crops a year that crop makees altogether with green manure crop, i.e., by wheat and purple cloud
English mixed seeding makees altogether and the organic implantation methods of crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation, and the organic implantation methods of the crops are realized
Improvement of soil fertility, grain security production and the organic implantation methods controlling careless multi-functional and developing simultaneously, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1), the pretreatment of wheat seeds and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds
The microorganism mixing Dressing for a few days ago carrying out wheat seeds and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds respectively of sowing:
1., the Dressings of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, steps are as follows:
Selection adapts to the primary kind of local climate, and full-bloom stage plant height is being no more than 50 centimeters of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds；
Seed dressing Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent before Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds sowing, is added carboxymethyl by Rhizobium Inoculant weight ratio 1%
Sodium cellulosate mixes well, and obtains Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution；
Then Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution are sufficiently mixed uniformly, mix dosage according to per kilogram purple cloud
English seed is calculated using the ratio of 4 milliliters of Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution；
Then it puts the cool place place of being protected from light and spreads out and dry, break up, it is ensured that mutual adhesion between Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds is in dispersed
State is to get the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing；
Above-mentioned Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent is 2012 quasi- word 0938 of microorganism fertilizer；
2., the Dressing of wheat seed, steps are as follows:
Wheat seed dressing dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium carries out mixing seed dressing using 2 grams of dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium according to per kilogram wheat seeds, obtains
To the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing；
The dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium is 2012 quasi- word 0935 of microorganism fertilizer；
(2), it sows
1~2 day before rice harves, select fair weather, by step (1) after microorganism Dressing wheat seed and
Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds are directly sprinkled into rice field respectively；
When the content of organic matter is lower than 1% in paddy soil, for application rate according to 1.5~2 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, wheat 5 is public
Pound/acre ratio；
When for the content of organic matter in 1-2%, for application rate according to 2-3 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, wheat 10 is public in paddy soil
Pound/acre ratio；
When the content of organic matter is greater than 2-2.3% in paddy soil, application rate is small according to 1~1.5 kg/acre of Chinese milk vetch
The ratio that 10 kgs/acre of wheat；
Further, seeding process is also because wheat is because kind is different, tiller number difference sowing quantity is not also identical, more than tiller number
Sowing quantity is reduced, and the preferable plot of soil fertility can suitably increase the dosage of wheat seed, used in the embodiment of the present invention
Wheat breed is to raise wheat No. 16, but do not limit the application of other kind wheat seeds；
After planting carry out rice harvesting, rice straw full dose chopping and returning, be covered in sowed through microorganism seed dressing at
On wheat seed after reason and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing, the rice straw of chopping and returning is to through microorganism
Wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after Dressing play masking and moisture-keeping function；
(3), field management
After planting begun to rehearse ditch in wheatland using ditching machine, it is main after the beginning of spring to prevent farmland ponding from leading to wheat runt seedling
Insect pest is aphid, initial stage release natural enemy ladybug can occurs in early spring aphid and carry out prevention and control, discharge 200-300 per acre only；
(4), harvesting wheat
From after planting 7 months, Yu Cinian wheat in May was mature, and mature wheat is gathered in using wheat harvester, wheat
Stalk full dose chopping and returning, then using turnplow by rice straw, this season wheat stalk and it is solid after Chinese milk vetch plough deeply and bury
To 15-25 centimeters of deep layers, the soaked field one week of then pouring water, rice field of then raking meets rice transplanting needs；
(5), raising rice seedlings
Using seedling-cultivation plate, microbial bacterial agent is added in rice seedling raising ground substance, additive amount is by weight calculating, raising rice seedlings
Matrix: microbial bacterial agent 100:2；
The microbial bacterial agent is 2012 quasi- word 0935 of microorganism fertilizer；
(6), rice transplanting
Using mechanization carry out rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows；
(7), paddy growth period management
After the completion of rice transplanting, rice growing season is by the way of rice-duck farming, and rice field puts duck 15 in a suitable place to breed per acre, until
Rice Heading flowering, then drives duck out of rice field；
Feeds utilized duck raising is commercial standard feed.
The mode of above-mentioned rice-duck farming crosses internal organs returning to the field by duck, with the growth of duck, the increasing of feed feed intake
Add, later period excrement amount is larger, and there are the residues of part fertilizer, just can satisfy next season Chinese milk vetch and needed for wheat makees altogether.
1-2 days before rice harvesting, repeat the crops of the above-mentioned two crops a year made altogether by crop and green manure crop
Step (2)-(7) in organic implantation methods, to realize that the crops for the two crops a year that crop and green manure crop make altogether recycle
Organic plantation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
A kind of organic implantation methods of crops for the two crops a year of crop of the invention made altogether with green manure crop, compared to
Traditional green manure+crop production method more increase one season crop production；It is saved compared to using double seasons of chemical fertilizer to produce
The investment for buying chemical fertilizer, reduces the value volume and range of product of farmland weed；Due to not needing to apply fertilizer, herbicide is played to reduce people
Work, while also ensuring food safety, so that the wheat rice of production is reached organic standard.
Further, the organic plantation side of crops for the two crops a year of a kind of crop of the invention made altogether with green manure crop
Method, since the nitrogen that the Chinese milk vetch Rhizobium Inoculation that process uses can be fixed in air is converted to the ammonia of crop needs, wheat is connect
The dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassiums microorganisms such as kind of wheat inoculation bacillus can phosphorus potassium in activating soil, not only meet this season wheat growth for
The needs of fertilizer also largely meet next season paddy growth for the needs of fertilizer.It, can using method of the invention
300-500 pounds/acre of wheat of stubble before realizing, rice yield is up to 900 pounds/acre.Wheat sowing quantity saves 60%, saves fertilizer urea
120 jins/year, 30 jin/year of calcium superphosphate, 45 pounds/acre of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Further, the organic plantation side of crops for the two crops a year of a kind of crop of the invention made altogether with green manure crop
Method is destroyed the condition of suppressing weed seed germination using the difference of the two growthform, is inhibited due to Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding wheat
Suppressing weed seed germination.Weeds quantity compares control field and reduces 30% in stubble rice field after plantation current year.Chinese milk vetch and wheat after 1 year
Weeds quantity compares 60% or more the previous year reduction in field when miscegenation, and weeds quantity is reduced compared to control field in rear stubble rice field
80% or more, the crop smothering for influencing paddy growth does not occur substantially.
Further, the organic plantation side of crops for the two crops a year of a kind of crop of the invention made altogether with green manure crop
Method, since planting process does not apply chemical fertilizer, pesticide, herbicide, the artificial input amount that every field is managed and protected reduces by 70%, uses the party
After formula is planted 2 years, soil organic matter content improves 0.5%.It solves due to largely using agriculture face caused by chemical fertilizer, pesticide
Source pollution is a kind of novel agricultural production method efficiently, environmentally friendly, ecological.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below by specific embodiment, enforcement place of the present invention is located at southern area of Jiangsu Province, but
This method is not intended to limit in the use in other areas, each department can carry out adaptability according to the climatic condition of oneself and farming habit
Adjustment.
The model of various equipment used in the embodiment of the present invention and the information of manufacturer are as follows:
Rice harvester: the small harvester of full feed type, 988 type of Kubo field, Kubo field agricultural machinery (Suzhou) are limited
Company's production；
Tractor band ditching machine, the production of model MK704 China Yituo Group Co., Ltd；
The specification of various raw materials used in various embodiments of the present invention and the information of manufacturer are as follows:
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, food-grade, Yixing Tongda Chemical Co., Ltd.'s production；
Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, full-bloom stage plant height are being no more than 50 centimeters, are being purchased from Taicang seeds company；
Wheat seed is poplar wheat No. 16, is purchased from seeds company, Suzhou City；
Wheat seed pretreatment microbial bacterial agent used is 2012 quasi- word 0935 of microorganism fertilizer, i.e. Beijing Space Hengfeng
The mixed bacteria of development in science and technology Co., Ltd production being made of bacillus subtilis and gel-shaped series bacillus microbial bacteria；
Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent, i.e. 2012 quasi- word 0938 of microorganism fertilizer, the production of Ningxia Nodelman biotech company；
Microbial bacterial agent used in raising rice seedlings is 2012 quasi- word 0935 of microorganism fertilizer, i.e. Beijing Space Hengfeng science and technology is sent out
Open up the mixed bacteria of Co., Ltd's production being made of bacillus subtilis and gel-shaped series bacillus microbial bacteria；
Duck raising is feeds utilized, is 512 type poultry feeds of Shanghai Nong Hao feed companies.
Duck used in the embodiment of the present invention is Shaoxing pockmark duck, but not limited to this, it is also possible to be suitble to locality not
With the duck of kind.
Soil with organic matter content measurement in rice field is measured using 9834-88 soil organism of standard GB/T in the present invention
The potassium bichromate of defined in method --- sulfuric acid titration.
Embodiment 1
A kind of organic implantation methods of the crops for the two crops a year that crop makees altogether with green manure crop, i.e., by wheat and purple cloud
English mixed seeding makees altogether and the organic implantation methods of crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation, and the organic implantation methods of the crops are realized
Improvement of soil fertility, grain security production and the organic implantation methods controlling careless multi-functional and developing simultaneously, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1), the pretreatment of wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds
The microorganism mixing Dressing for a few days ago carrying out wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds respectively of sowing:
1., the Dressings of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, steps are as follows:
Seed dressing Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent before Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds sowing, is added carboxymethyl by Rhizobium Inoculant weight ratio 1%
Sodium cellulosate mixes well, and obtains Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution, then that Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution are abundant
It is uniformly mixed, mixing dosage is pressed according to per kilogram Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds using the ratio calculating of 4 milliliters of Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution
According to then putting the cool place place of being protected from light and spread out and dry, break up, it is ensured that mutual adhesion between Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, in dispersity to get
Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing；
The Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent is 2012 quasi- word 0938 of microorganism fertilizer；
2., the Dressing of wheat seed, steps are as follows:
Wheat seed raises No. 16 seed dressing dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium of wheat, raises wheat No. 16 using 2 grams of solution according to per kilogram wheat seed
Phosphorus potassium solubilizing bacteria carries out mixing seed dressing, obtains the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and raises wheat No. 16；
Above-mentioned dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium is 2012 quasi- word 0935 of microorganism fertilizer；
(2), wheat cultivation
1~2 day before rice harves, fair weather is selected, the wheat seed in step (1) after microorganism Dressing is raised
Wheat No. 16 and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing are directly sprinkled into rice field respectively；
The content of organic matter is lower in above-mentioned paddy soil, and when being 0.8%, application rate is small according to 1.8 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch
The ratio that 5 kgs/acre of wheat calculates；
Wheat seed after microorganism Dressing raises wheat No. 16 and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing
After planting, rice is gathered in using 988 Full feeding harvester of Kubo field, and rice straw full dose chopping and returning is covered in and has sowed
The wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing on, the water of chopping and returning
Rice straw raises wheat No. 16 and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing to the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing
Play masking and moisture-keeping function；
(3), field management
It is after planting begun to rehearse ditch in wheatland using tractor ditching machine, to prevent farmland ponding from leading to wheat runt seedling, the beginning of spring
Major Pests are aphid afterwards, initial stage release natural enemy ladybug can occur in early spring aphid and carry out prevention and control, discharge 200-300 per acre only；
(4), harvesting wheat
From after planting 7 months, Yu Cinian raised No. 16 maturations of wheat May, mature to raise wheat No. 16 and carried out using wheat harvester
Harvesting, No. 16 stalk full dose chopping and returnings of Yang Mai, then using turnplow by rice straw, this season raise No. 16 stalks of wheat and it is solid after
Chinese milk vetch plough deeply and bury to 15-25 centimeters of deep layers, the soaked field one week of then pouring water, rice field of then raking meets rice transplanting need
It wants；
(5), raising rice seedlings
Using seedling-cultivation plate, microbial bacterial agent is added in rice seedling raising ground substance, additive amount is by weight calculating, raising rice seedlings
Matrix: microbial bacterial agent 100:2；
(6), rice transplanting
Using mechanization carry out rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows；
(7), paddy growth period management
After the completion of rice transplanting, rice growing season is by the way of rice-duck farming, and Shaoxing pockmark duck duckling is put in rice field in a suitable place to breed per acre
15, until Rice Heading flowering, then drives duck out of rice field；
Feeds utilized duck raising is the commercially available 512 model poultry feed of Shanghai Nong Hao feed companies.
The mode of above-mentioned rice-duck farming crosses internal organs returning to the field by duck, with the growth of duck, the increasing of feed feed intake
Add, later period excrement amount is larger, and there are the residues of part fertilizer, just can satisfy next season Chinese milk vetch and needed for wheat makees altogether.
Above-mentioned organic machine implantation methods, 300 pounds/acre of preceding stubble wheat yield, latter 800 pounds/acre of stubble rice yield average out to,
Chinese milk vetch wheat in 2015 has 84 plant/square metre of weeds in tilling land altogether, Chinese milk vetch wheat in 2016 till land altogether in have 23 plants of weeds/
Square metre, it is possible thereby to show organic implantation methods of the invention for Weeds distribution effect clearly.Particularly, for
This low-yield land, using Chinese milk vetch, wheat rice straw returning to the field, the soil organism is promoted clearly, only 2 years time soil
The content of organic matter just improves 0.5%, and low-yield land is changed into middle production field.
Comparative examples 1
Control experiment, soil organic matter content 0.8% are carried out on the soil of similarity condition.Using herbicide feud,
Use chemical fertilizer as fertilizer, 11 kgs/acre of wheat paddock sowing quantity, rice stubble mechanization seedling, machine rice transplantation and is implemented distance between rows and hills
Example 1 is identical.Whole year production uses 120 pounds/acre of urea, 30 pounds/acre of calcium superphosphate；45 pounds/acre of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.Herbicide uses
4 times.
As a result: wheatland yield is 400 jin, 950 jin of Paddy Output average out to.Wheat weeds have 53 plants/square meter (two within 2015
Before secondary laxative), wheat weeds in 2016 have 57 plants/square meter (before secondary laxative).2 year same period is compared to weeds quantity substantially without change
Change.
It is compared, can be obtained small using Chinese milk vetch on the poor soil of condition in comparative examples 1 by embodiment 1
The mode of wheat mixed seeding can obtain more good grain yield, and can effectively control weeds quantity.And use weeding
The mode of agent not only pollutes environment, and second year weeds quantity is not reduced.The mixed seeding of Chinese milk vetch wheat is indicated above to make altogether to farmland
Weeds quantity has apparent reduction to act on.
Embodiment 2
A kind of organic implantation methods of the crops for the two crops a year that crop makees altogether with green manure crop, i.e., by wheat and purple cloud
English mixed seeding makees altogether and the organic implantation methods of crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation, and the organic implantation methods of the crops are realized
Improvement of soil fertility, grain security production and the organic implantation methods controlling careless multi-functional and developing simultaneously, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1), the pretreatment of wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds
The microorganism mixing Dressing for a few days ago carrying out wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds respectively of sowing:
1., the Dressings of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, steps are as follows:
Seed dressing Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent before Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds sowing, is added carboxymethyl by Rhizobium Inoculant weight ratio 1%
Sodium cellulosate mixes well, and obtains Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution, then that Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution are abundant
It is uniformly mixed, mixing dosage is calculated according to per kilogram Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds using the ratio of 4 milliliters of Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution, so
After put the cool place place of being protected from light and spread out and dry, break up, it is ensured that mutual adhesion between Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, in dispersity to get through micro-
Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after biological Dressing；
The Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent is 2012 quasi- word 0938 of microorganism fertilizer；
2., the Dressing of wheat seed, steps are as follows:
Wheat seed raises No. 16 seed dressing dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium of wheat, raises wheat No. 16 using 2 grams of solution according to per kilogram wheat seed
Phosphorus potassium solubilizing bacteria carries out mixing seed dressing, obtains the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and raises wheat No. 16；
Above-mentioned dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium is 2012 quasi- word 0935 of microorganism fertilizer；
(2), wheat cultivation
1~2 day before rice harves, fair weather is selected, the wheat seed in step (1) after microorganism Dressing is raised
Wheat No. 16 and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing are directly sprinkled into rice field respectively；
The content of organic matter is 1.7% in above-mentioned paddy soil, application rate according to 3 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 10 kilograms of wheat/
The ratio of mu calculates；
Wheat seed after microorganism Dressing raises wheat No. 16 and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing
After planting, rice is gathered in using 988 Full feeding harvester of Kubo field, and rice straw full dose chopping and returning is covered in and has sowed
The wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing on, the water of chopping and returning
Rice straw raises wheat No. 16 and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing to the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing
Play masking and moisture-keeping function；
(3), field management
It is after planting begun to rehearse ditch in wheatland using tractor ditching machine, to prevent farmland ponding from leading to wheat runt seedling, the beginning of spring
Major Pests are aphid afterwards, initial stage release natural enemy ladybug can occur in early spring aphid and carry out prevention and control, discharge 200-300 per acre only；
(4), harvesting wheat
From after planting 7 months, Yu Cinian raised No. 16 maturations of wheat May, mature to raise wheat No. 16 and carried out using wheat harvester
Harvesting, No. 16 stalk full dose chopping and returnings of Yang Mai, then using turnplow by rice straw, this season raise No. 16 stalks of wheat and it is solid after
Chinese milk vetch plough deeply and bury to 15-25 centimeters of deep layers, the soaked field one week of then pouring water, rice field of then raking meets rice transplanting need
It wants；
(5), raising rice seedlings
Using seedling-cultivation plate, microbial bacterial agent is added in rice seedling raising ground substance, additive amount is by weight calculating, raising rice seedlings
Matrix: microbial bacterial agent 100:2；
(6), rice transplanting
Using mechanization carry out rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows；
(7), paddy growth period management
After the completion of rice transplanting, rice growing season is by the way of rice-duck farming, and rice field puts duck 15 in a suitable place to breed per acre, until
Rice Heading flowering, then drives duck out of rice field；
Duck raises the feeds utilized 512 model poultry feeds for Shanghai Nong Hao feed companies.
The mode of above-mentioned rice-duck farming crosses internal organs returning to the field by duck, with the growth of duck, the increasing of feed feed intake
Add, later period excrement amount is larger, and there are the residues of part fertilizer, just can satisfy next season Chinese milk vetch and needed for wheat makees altogether.
Organic implantation methods, 512 pounds/acre of preceding stubble wheat yield, rear stubble rice yield is greatly to 920 pounds/acre, wheat in 2015
Field weed has 33 plants/square meter, and wheat weeds have 6 plants/square meter within 2016.2 year same period reduced obvious compared to weeds quantity.
Comparative examples 2
Control experiment, soil organic matter content 1.7% are carried out on the soil of similarity condition.Using herbicide feud,
Use chemical fertilizer as fertilizer, 11 kgs/acre of wheat paddock sowing quantity.Rice stubble mechanization seedling, machine rice transplantation, distance between rows and hills and implementation
Example 1 is identical.Whole year production uses 120 pounds/acre of urea, 30 pounds/acre of calcium superphosphate；45 pounds/acre of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.Herbicide uses
4 times.
As a result: wheatland yield is 512 jin, 920 jin of Paddy Output average out to.Wheat weeds have 63 plants/square meter (two within 2015
Before secondary laxative), wheat weeds in 2016 have 88 plants/square meter (before secondary laxative).Second year weeds quantity slightly has compared to the previous year
Rise
It is compared by embodiment 2 in comparative examples 2, in the preferable situation of arable soil condition, passes through increase
Chinese milk vetch and the application rate of wheat obtain better yield, while farmland canopy density are bigger.Thus weeds quantity is less.And it is same
Under edaphic condition, using herbicide, since nutrition and illumination condition are preferable, weeds next year quantity can be increased.
Embodiment 3
A kind of organic implantation methods of the crops for the two crops a year that crop makees altogether with green manure crop, i.e., by wheat and purple cloud
English mixed seeding makees altogether and the organic implantation methods of crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation, and the organic implantation methods of the crops are realized
Improvement of soil fertility, grain security production and the organic implantation methods controlling careless multi-functional and developing simultaneously, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1), the pretreatment of wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds
The microorganism mixing Dressing for a few days ago carrying out wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds respectively of sowing:
1., the Dressings of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, steps are as follows:
Seed dressing Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent before Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds sowing, is added carboxymethyl by Rhizobium Inoculant weight ratio 1%
Sodium cellulosate mixes well, and obtains Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution, then that Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution are abundant
It is uniformly mixed, mixing dosage is calculated according to per kilogram Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds using the ratio of 4 milliliters of Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution, so
After put the cool place place of being protected from light and spread out and dry, break up, it is ensured that mutual adhesion between Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, in dispersity to get through micro-
Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after biological Dressing；
The Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent is 2012 quasi- word 0938 of microorganism fertilizer；
2., the Dressing of wheat seed, steps are as follows:
Wheat seed raises No. 16 seed dressing dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium of wheat, raises wheat No. 16 using 2 grams of solution according to per kilogram wheat seed
Phosphorus potassium solubilizing bacteria carries out mixing seed dressing, obtains the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and raises wheat No. 16；
Above-mentioned dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium is 2012 quasi- word 0935 of microorganism fertilizer；
(2), wheat cultivation
1~2 day before rice harves, fair weather is selected, the wheat seed in step (1) after microorganism Dressing is raised
Wheat No. 16 and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing are directly sprinkled into rice field respectively；
The content of organic matter 2.3% in above-mentioned paddy soil, application rate according to 1.5 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 10 kilograms of wheat/
The ratio of mu calculates；
Wheat seed after microorganism Dressing raises wheat No. 16 and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing
After planting, rice is gathered in using 988 Full feeding harvester of Kubo field, and rice straw full dose chopping and returning is covered in and has sowed
The wheat seed after microorganism Dressing and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing on, the water of chopping and returning
Rice straw raises wheat No. 16 and the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing to the wheat seed after microorganism Dressing
Play masking and moisture-keeping function；
(3), field management
It is after planting begun to rehearse ditch in wheatland using tractor ditching machine, to prevent farmland ponding from leading to wheat runt seedling, the beginning of spring
Major Pests are aphid afterwards, initial stage release natural enemy ladybug can occur in early spring aphid and carry out prevention and control, discharge 200-300 per acre only；
(4), harvesting wheat
From after planting 7 months, Yu Cinian raised No. 16 maturations of wheat May, mature to raise wheat No. 16 and carried out using wheat harvester
Harvesting, No. 16 stalk full dose chopping and returnings of Yang Mai, then using turnplow by rice straw, this season raise No. 16 stalks of wheat and it is solid after
Chinese milk vetch plough deeply and bury to 15-25 centimeters of deep layers, the soaked field one week of then pouring water, rice field of then raking meets rice transplanting need
It wants；
(5), raising rice seedlings
Using seedling-cultivation plate, microbial bacterial agent is added in rice seedling raising ground substance, additive amount is by weight calculating, raising rice seedlings
Matrix: microbial bacterial agent 100:2；
The microbial bacterial agent is 2012 quasi- word 0935 of microorganism fertilizer；
(6), rice transplanting
Using mechanization carry out rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows；
(7), paddy growth period management
After the completion of rice transplanting, rice growing season is by the way of rice-duck farming, and rice field puts duck 15 in a suitable place to breed per acre, until
Rice Heading flowering, then drives duck out of rice field；
Duck raises the feeds utilized 512 model poultry feeds for Shanghai Nong Hao feed companies.
The mode of above-mentioned rice-duck farming crosses internal organs returning to the field by duck, with the growth of duck, the increasing of feed feed intake
Add, later period excrement amount is larger, and there are the residues of part fertilizer, just can satisfy next season Chinese milk vetch and needed for wheat makees altogether.
Organic implantation methods, 510 pounds/acre of preceding stubble wheat yield, rear stubble rice yield greatly to 950 pounds/acre,
In conclusion the organic plantation side of crops for the two crops a year that a kind of crop provided by the invention and green manure are made altogether
Method can effectively reduce weeds quantity and provide sufficient fertility under the premise of guaranteeing crop yield.Since Chinese milk vetch is being inoculated with
Apparent symbiotic nitrogen fixation effect is generated under conditions of rhizobium, under conditions of having the total work of wheat, the mistake of symbiotic nitrogen fixation synthesis
The ammonia of amount can be absorbed by wheat, to strengthen nitrogen fixation effect.Estimated according to Paddy Output, Chinese milk vetch and Rhizobium of Milk Vetch
It can provide the amount of nitrogen fixation for being equivalent to 6~7 kilograms of purity nitrogens.Meanwhile Chinese milk vetch root secreting acidic substance during fixed nitrogen, and it is small
Bacillus subtilis and gluey bacillus in the fertile 2012 quasi- words 0935 of wheat microbe inoculation are very effective activated soil
Phosphorus and potassium in earth, it is all to be stored in wheat, rice, Chinese milk vetch root and stalk in addition to the rice of harvest and wheat seed
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium total crop return, improve Soil Available N P and K content simultaneously improve soil organic matter content, improve crop root
Thus growing environment generates and the yield using the essentially identical effect of chemical fertilizer.Organic implantation methods i.e. of the invention are guaranteeing to make
Under the premise of produce amount, the use of chemical fertilizer, herbicide is reduced or avoids, which meets organic agronomic crop production standard
It is required that the crop products produced are high-quality, safety.
The above is only the citing of embodiments of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill of the art
For personnel, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improve and become
Type also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of wheat and Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding make altogether and the organic implantation methods of crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation, special
Sign is:
Its planting process specifically comprises the following steps:
(1), the pretreatment of wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds
The microorganism mixing Dressing for a few days ago carrying out wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds respectively of sowing:
1., the Dressings of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds, steps are as follows:
Selection adapts to the primary kind of local climate, and full-bloom stage plant height is being no more than 50 centimeters of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds；
Seed dressing Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent before Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds sowing, is added carboxymethyl cellulose by Rhizobium Inoculant weight ratio 1%
Plain sodium mixes well, and obtains Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution；
Then Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution are sufficiently mixed uniformly, mix dosage according to per kilogram Chinese milk vetch kind
Son is calculated using the ratio of 4 milliliters of Rhizobium of Milk Vetch bacterium solution；
Then it puts the cool place place of being protected from light and spreads out and dry, break up to get the Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing；
Above-mentioned Astragalus Nodules bacteria agent is 2012 quasi- word 0938 of microorganism fertilizer；
2., the Dressing of wheat seed, steps are as follows:
Wheat seed dressing dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium carries out mixing seed dressing using 2 grams of dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium according to per kilogram wheat seeds, obtain through
Wheat seed after microorganism Dressing；
The dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium is 2012 quasi- word 0935 of microorganism fertilizer；
(2), wheat cultivation
1~2 day before rice harves, fair weather is selected, by the wheat seed in step (1) after microorganism Dressing and through micro-
Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after biological Dressing are directly sprinkled into rice field respectively；
When the content of organic matter is lower than 1% in paddy soil, application rate is according to 1.5-2 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 5 kgs/acre of wheat
Ratio；
When for the content of organic matter in 1-2%, application rate is according to 2-3 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 10 kgs/acre of wheat in paddy soil
Ratio；
When the content of organic matter 2.3% in paddy soil, application rate according to 1.5 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 10 kgs/acre of wheat
Ratio；
After planting carry out rice harvesting, rice straw full dose chopping and returning, be covered in sowed after microorganism Dressing
Wheat seed and Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds after microorganism Dressing on；
(3), field management
It is after planting begun to rehearse ditch in wheatland using ditching machine, early spring aphid initial stage release natural enemy ladybug occurs and carries out prevention and control, per acre
Discharge 200-300 only；
(4), harvesting wheat
From after planting 7 months, Yu Cinian wheat in May was mature, and mature wheat is gathered in using wheat harvester, wheat stalk
Full dose chopping and returning, then using turnplow by rice straw, this season wheat stalk and it is solid after Chinese milk vetch plough deeply and bury to 15-
25 centimeters of deep layers, the soaked field one week of then pouring water, rice field of then raking meets rice transplanting needs；
(5), raising rice seedlings
Using seedling-cultivation plate, microbial bacterial agent is added in rice seedling raising ground substance, additive amount is by weight calculating, raising rice seedlings base
Matter: microbial bacterial agent 100:2；
The microbial bacterial agent is 2012 quasi- word 0935 of microorganism fertilizer；
(6), rice transplanting
Using mechanization carry out rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows；
(7), paddy growth period management
After the completion of rice transplanting, rice growing season is by the way of rice-duck farming, and rice field puts duck 15 in a suitable place to breed per acre, until rice
Heading flowering, then drives duck out of rice field.
2. a kind of wheat as described in claim 1 makees altogether with Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding and the crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation
Organic implantation methods, it is characterised in that wheat seed used in step (1) is to raise wheat No. 16.
3. a kind of wheat as described in claim 1 makees altogether with Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding and the crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation
Organic implantation methods, it is characterised in that in step (2):
When in paddy soil the content of organic matter be 0.8% when, application rate according to 1.8 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 5 kgs/acre of wheat
Ratio.
4. a kind of wheat as described in claim 1 makees altogether with Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding and the crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation
Organic implantation methods, it is characterised in that in step (2):
When in paddy soil the content of organic matter be 1.7% when, application rate according to 3 kgs/acre of Chinese milk vetch, 10 kgs/acre of wheat
Ratio.
5. a kind of wheat as described in claim 1 makees altogether with Chinese milk vetch mixed seeding and the crops with the two crops a year of rice crop rotation
Organic implantation methods, it is characterised in that duck described in step (7) is Shaoxing pockmark duck, and raising Shaoxing pockmark duck is feeds utilized, is
512 model poultry feeds of Shanghai Nong Hao feed companies.
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| CN111053004A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-24 | 蒋俊钦 | Method for planting natural farming paddy rice by natural farming |
| CN110934049B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-08-09 | 汉中市农业科学研究所（陕西省水稻研究所） | Rice field fertilizer decrement and efficiency improvement method |
| CN111567341A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-25 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Method for producing rice by using duck frog to prevent diseases, control pests, control weeds and lose weight |
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