CN109717023A - A kind of method of green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat - Google Patents
A kind of method of green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN109717023A CN109717023A CN201811652643.9A CN201811652643A CN109717023A CN 109717023 A CN109717023 A CN 109717023A CN 201811652643 A CN201811652643 A CN 201811652643A CN 109717023 A CN109717023 A CN 109717023A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods for producing zinc-rich wheat, principally fall into crop planting technical field.Specifically includes the following steps: the implantation methods of green manuring rotation production zinc-rich wheat include site preparation, sowing, leguminous greenmanuring crop turns over and rear stubble winter wheat sowing, harvest.This wheat planting method is using green manuring rotation and applies zinc fertilizer before Wheat Sowing, help to improve soil fertility, constant rate of production and effectively improves wheat Zn content, to improve the zinc nutrition quality of wheat, increases the economic benefit of grower.
Description
Technical field
The present invention principally falls into crop planting technical field, and in particular to a kind of green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich is small
The method of wheat.
Background technique
Zinc is to maintain the indispensable necessary nutrient of human health, participates in Physiology and biochemistry mistake important in growth and development
Journey.Human body zinc-deficiency can cause a series of serious health problems.China's wheat planting area accounts for about the 1/4 of the crops gross area,
It is the staple food of most parts of the north especially poverty-stricken area resident, due to the regional soil zinc-deficiency, the wheat Zn content of production
Average to be far below 40mg/kg recommendation content less than 20mg/kg, human body zinc nutrition shortage generally occurs.
Northern China wheat main producing region is mainly distributed on calacareous soil area.The high pH of calacareous soil, high-carbon phosphate content,
The factors such as the soil organism is low, soil moisture is few seriously affect Soil zinc availability, even if the method by applying zinc fertilizer, application
Zinc by soil fixing, can not effectively increase wheat Zn content quickly.
Make within 1 year one or two Nian Sanzuo are the main cropping patterns in Guanzhong, Shanxi and Weihe north grain producing region, but this area is native
The topsoil content of organic matter is generally lower in earth, generally in the left and right 1% (10g/kg), belongs to the lower area of soil fertility, and
Grain-production heavy dependence chemical fertilizer is put at present, generally existing with fertile excessive phenomenon, be easy to cause assessing index.
Green manure is one of important organic fertilizer of Chinese tradition, is a kind of nutrient completely biological source of manure.Green manure can increase
Add the soil organism, culture fertility improves soil Drafting Ability, enriches plant nutrient, promotes soil beneficial microorganism
Activity is conducive to retain water and nutrients, increases permeability.Country proposes the target of the year two thousand twenty Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied at present, utilizes the not busy phase in summer
Green manuring can fertilizing soil, increase fertility of land and reduce the use of chemical fertilizer.Green manure is one of important organic fertilizer of Chinese tradition,
It is a kind of nutrient completely biological source of manure.Green manure can improve soil Drafting Ability with culture fertility, enrich plant nutrient,
Promote the activity of soil beneficial microorganism, be conducive to retain water and nutrients, increases permeability.It is that land used is increased soil fertility, improves soil physical chemistry
The effective measures of shape.So having special role to increasing soil fertility in Development of Northwest China green manure.
Summary of the invention
It is low for Guanzhong, Shanxi and Wei and Lo river Available Zn content in soil, the not high problem of wheat seed Zn content, this hair
It is bright that a kind of method of green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat is provided.The present invention is turned over green by plantation leguminous plant green manure
Fertilizer applies the method for zinc fertilizer before Wheat Sowing, can Study on Fertilizing dryland soil, improve Available Zn content in soil, be substantially improved small
Wheat Zn content in grains.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat, including site preparation, sowing green manure, green manure are turned over, are applied before Wheat Sowing
Zinc and sowing step, the green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat method is specifically: after preceding last month of winter harvesting wheat, losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil
Leguminous green manure is sowed, the leguminous greenmanuring crop of sowing is soybean varieties, it is long to full-bloom stage to the leguminous green manure, it will be described
Pulse family is smashed using straw counters-field set and is turned over as green manure；
Further, the kind of leguminous greenmanuring crop is rye beans.
Further, the green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat method specific steps are as follows:
(1) site preparation: site preparation is carried out after preceding stubble winter wheat harvest, without fertilising.Land fertility is especially low, applies 35~45 per acre
Kilogram calcium superphosphate.
(2) it sows: at the beginning of the leguminous green manure sowing time is late June~7 month, drilling or no-tillage hard stubble live streaming；
(3) leguminous greenmanuring crop turns over: when the leguminous greenmanuring crop grows to full-bloom stage, 25~35 days before Wheat Sowing, by it
Returning to the field is turned over straw counters-field set (grass-mowing machine) chopping original place；
(4) stubble winter wheat sowing afterwards: Winter Wheat Planted applies conventional amount used nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer, applies ZnSO4·7H2O base manure, dosage 15kg
Zn/ hectares.
Further, step (1) site preparation turns over stubble-cleaning using rotary cultivator.
Further, when seeding method is drilling in step (2), line-spacing 17-20cm, 3~5cm of seed level.
Further, when seeding method is drilling in step (2), rye beans application rate is 8~10 kgs/acre, and line-spacing is
20cm, 3~5cm of seed level.
The beneficial technical effect of the present invention:
(1) present invention, which turns over green manure by plantation, can significantly improve the Wheat Growing Soils content of organic matter 10%, nitrate nitrogen content 10-
20%；
(2) leguminous green manure decay process can reduce soil to the fixing of zinc fertilizer, and absorption of the stubble wheat to zinc after promotion increases small
Each organ Zn content of wheat reaches 20%-80%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of method schematic diagram of green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat.
Specific embodiment: to make the purpose of invention, technical solution and being a little more clearly understood, below with reference to implementation
Example is described in detail to of the invention further, exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation for explaining only the invention, and
Not as the restriction to explanation.
Embodiment 1
Low for Shaanxi Province's Wei and Lo river wheat Zn content, this example leguminous green manure and wheat crop rotation produce zinc-rich wheat
Method, it is experimental field that 2016-2017 supports Production of Winter Wheat head of district Wu Shili paving village to choose 20 mu of wheatlands in Shaanxi rain.Soil has
Machine matter content 12.9g/kg, total nitrogen content 0.82g/kg, DTPA-Zn content 0.44mg/kg, pH8.5.
Field experiment sets three processing, CK (spare time in summer phase vacant lot, do not plant green manure and wheat does not apply zinc), CK+Zn (phase spare time in summer altogether
Vacant lot does not plant green manure but winter wheat zinc), green manuring rotation (summer spare time phase green manure and wheat crop rotation and apply zinc).Each processing repeats 3
It is secondary, random district's groups arrangement.
Local suitable one rye beans of soybean varieties are selected, are sowed after late June~the beginning of July harvesting wheat, in 10 months
Ten days harvest, plant height 60-70cm, leaf color is dark green, pale purple flower, breeding time 120 days, seed be black kidney shape, 100-grain weight 8.8~
10.0g。
This method uses following steps:
(1) at the beginning of by the end of June~7 month, it is not later than July 3, entropy sowing leguminous green manure is robbed in wheat harvest, and the grab moisture sowing is that take advantage of soil wet
Sowing in time when profit turns over stubble-cleaning using rotary cultivator.Type of seeding is drilling, the amount of broadcasting be 8~10 kilograms per acre, line-spacing 18-20
Centimetre, 3~5 centimetres of depth.Type of seeding of the invention can guarantee the emergence rate of green manure, per hectare Basic Seedling about 750,000.
(2) legume turns over: growing to full-bloom stage that is, at the beginning of late August~September to leguminous green manure and (is beaten using straw counters-field set
Careless machine) by overground part chopping original place turn over returning to the field, it is ensured that 25~35 days returning to the field decompositions before Wheat Sowing provide feeding for rear stubble wheat
Point.
(3) stubble wheat cultivation afterwards: after planting stubble winter wheat, base manure include nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and zinc fertilizer by the end of September.Nitrogen, phosphorus dosage are
N160 kg/ha of local conventional amount used, P2O5Double centner/hectare, zinc fertilizer dosage are 15 kg/ha of Zn.
(4) harvesting wheat, storage: harvesting wheat is according to local peasant household's mode, harvester harvesting, seed pack storage.
As a result
Examples detailed above 1 carries out sample prescription the yield by estimation and acquires wheat samples, analyzes Zn content, institute with atomic absorption spectrometry
Result is obtained as shown in table 1:
1 leguminous green manure of table-wheat wheel makees the influence to wheat yield and each organ Zn content
From table 1 it follows that it is compared to summer leisure-wheat crop rotation (CK) processing, summer leisure-winter wheat zinc processing
(CK+Zn) it only can increase each organ Zn content 2.6%-6.1% of wheat, green manuring rotation of the present invention is simultaneously applied zinc processing and can be effectively improved
Each organ Zn content 22.4~36.5% of wheat.
The aforementioned description to specific exemplary embodiment of the invention is in order to illustrate and illustration purpose.These descriptions
It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to the above instruction, can much be changed
And variation.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explaining specific principle of the invention and its actually answering
With so that those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize a variety of different exemplary implementation schemes of the invention and
Various chooses and changes.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat method, the green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat method
Returning to the field and rear stubble wheat fertilizing, sowing, harvest step are turned over including site preparation, sowing, green manure, which is characterized in that its specific side
Method is: grab moisture sowing leguminous green manure after preceding stubble winter wheat harvest, the leguminous green manure of sowing is rye beans, green to the pulse family
After fertilizer length to full-bloom stage, the leguminous green manure is turned over into returning to the field as green manure.
2. a kind of method of leguminous green manure-wheat crop rotation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the green manure-is small
Wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat specific steps include:
(1) site preparation: timely site preparation is carried out after preceding stubble winter wheat harvest；
(2) sow: sowing leguminous green manure, the sowing time of the leguminous greenmanuring crop are annual mid or late June, seeding method
For one of drilling or no-tillage Direct seed；
(3) leguminous green manure turns over returning to the field: the mode of the green manure returning to the field is directly to turn over the leguminous green manure in full-bloom stage also
Field, fertilizing are increased soil fertility, and turning over the time is 25-30 days before rear stubble winter wheat sowing；
(4) stubble winter wheat sowing afterwards: winter wheat preplant treatment zinc fertilizer ZnSO4·7H2O, dosage are 15kg Zn/ha, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer
Dosage is using local peasant household dosage；
(5) harvester harvesting, threshing, storage harvesting wheat: are used.
3. a kind of green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step (1)
Stubble-cleaning is turned over using rotary cultivator in site preparation step.
4. a kind of green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step (2)
Middle green manure seeding method is drilling, and application rate is 8~10 kilograms, per acre 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 3~5 centimetres of depth.
5. a kind of green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step
(3) during leguminous greenmanuring crop turns over, using grass-mowing machine or straw counters-field set, green manure plant is crushed, rotary tillage is reused
Machine mixes the stalk of crushing with the topsoil soil of 0~15cm.
6. a kind of green manure-wheat crop rotation production zinc-rich wheat method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step
(4) ZnSO is applied simultaneously with nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer before winter wheat is broadcast4·7H2O, dosage are 15kg Zn/ha.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114097552A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-01 | 沧州市农林科学院 | Oat-green manure planting method combining three crops in one year with fertilizer feeding |
| CN114568233A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-03 | 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所（宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室） | Method for improving farmland soil fertility of winter wheat |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114097552A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-01 | 沧州市农林科学院 | Oat-green manure planting method combining three crops in one year with fertilizer feeding |
| CN114568233A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-03 | 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所（宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室） | Method for improving farmland soil fertility of winter wheat |
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