CN105165369A - Grapevine shape and constructing method thereof - Google Patents
Grapevine shape and constructing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105165369A CN105165369A CN201510663002.3A CN201510663002A CN105165369A CN 105165369 A CN105165369 A CN 105165369A CN 201510663002 A CN201510663002 A CN 201510663002A CN 105165369 A CN105165369 A CN 105165369A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention provides a grapevine shape and a constructing method thereof and belongs to the field of plant cultivation. The method comprises specific steps as follows: an upright trunk of 1.8 m is cultivated, and two main vines are cultivated in positions 18-24 cm away from the bottom of the trunk respectively; the upright trunk turns to extend horizontally to continuously form a horizontal trunk which is 2 m long, two main vines grow on left and right sides of the top end of the trunk again, and all the main vines are located in a same horizontal plane. With the adoption of the constructing method of the grapevine shape, the grapevine shape trunk is located on one side, two rows of main fruiting vines can occupy larger space, mechanical operation and sightseeing of a vineyard can be realized conveniently, and meanwhile, the yield is higher than that when one row of main vines fruit; the spatial extension of the trunk and the main vines of the grapevine shape is long, the vigor of vigorous growth varieties can be alleviated, and the summer management workload can be reduced; the main fruiting vines of the grapevine shape are evenly positioned, shoots are evenly arranged, fruiting parts are uniform, and the fruit quality is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant cultivation, be specifically related to the tree-like and construction method of a kind of grape.
Background technology
China's viticulture for a long time adopt tree-like be that dense planting centered by output is tree-like substantially, the climing fan-shaped or Y shape of many masters as hedge frame, the imperial form etc. of frame, these tree-like setting fruit position dispersions, up and down or front and back have, the heterogeneous difference of fruit maturity and quality is obvious, and fruit and young sprout distribute alternately, cause the management effects such as the extermination of disease and insect pest poor.
Along with the scale of viticulture area and management standardization, standardized tree-like ' T ' shape as hedge frame, ' factory ' shape, has become production is promoted mainly tree-like; On frame, the direct motion high ' factory ' promoted at present or ' L ' tree-like problem solving fruit ear and young sprout and mix of falling, but weak point to be output on the low side; The tree-like trunk of ' H ' shape that south is promoted is positioned at center, hinders machinery to walk as gallery.More poverty-stricken is, along with significantly riseing of labor shortage and cost of labor, scale vineyard is in the urgent need to mechanization, but the line-spacing in vineyard is general partially narrow at present, wardrobe and radius of gyration are generally less than normal, particularly for the vineyard of land resources shortage, it is allowed to vacate the bulk edge of a field beyond affordability; And in existing publication, be all be optimized and improve on above-mentioned tree-like basis substantially, be difficult to overcome above-mentioned defect, and exploitativeness is not good, is difficult to obtain promotion and application widely.
Along with the raising of economic development and people's living standard, leisure health industry is fast-developing, sightseeing grape-picking garden is risen like the mushrooms after rain, grape chateau is also towards comprehensive future development, therefore vineyard not only will provide physical product, attractive in appearance and clean rural area environment also to be provided, therefore need larger line-spacing and more gallery to roam leisurely for visitor, how meet insoluble problem when above-mentioned various requirement becomes present viticulture.
Summary of the invention
For the blank that prior art exists, the invention provides the tree-like and construction method of a kind of grape, concrete steps are as follows: the upright trunk comprising cultivation one 1.8 meters, and two masters that on trunk, 18-24cm cultivates respectively are climing; Described upright trunk transfers the trunk that horizontal-extending continues formation one section 2 meters long to, and about this trunk top, mitogenetic two masters are climing again, and all masters are climing is in same level; Adopt the construction method that this grape is tree-like, tree-like trunk is positioned at side, and two row's result masters are climing occupies larger space, is conducive to vineyard and implements do mechanization operation and sightseeing, improves output than the climing result of a row master simultaneously; This tree-like trunk and main climing space extend long, contribute to the tree vigo(u)r of the vigorous kind of slow growth, reduce summer management workload; This tree-like bearing basal shoot position is impartial, and young sprout is evenly distributed, and setting fruit position is homogeneous, greatly improves fruit quality.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
It is tree-like that inventor provide firstly a kind of brand-new grape, this tree-like being specifically constructed as follows:
Comprise the upright trunk of a 1.8-2 rice, on trunk, to have cultivated two masters respectively climing for 18-24cm; Described upright trunk continues the horizontal trunk extending horizontally away a section 2 meters long, and about this trunk top, mitogenetic two masters are climing again; General all masters are climing is in same level; Spacing in the rows between adjacent two upright trunks is 2-4 rice, line-spacing 4-5 rice.
All climing with the master vertical also horizontal-extending of above-mentioned tree-like all young sprouts, fruit ear is all positioned on straight line, and from space, 90 degree of bendings ' done ' in similar Chinese character, or is combined by upright ' T ' shape and level ' T ' shape respectively.Tree-likely all have a great difference with of the prior art, and adopt this tree-like after, tree-like trunk is positioned at side, the climing larger space that occupies of two row result masters, is conducive to vineyard to implement do mechanization operation and sightseeing, improves output than the main climing result of a row simultaneously; This tree-like trunk and main climing space extend long, contribute to the tree vigo(u)r of the vigorous kind of slow growth, reduce summer management workload; This tree-like bearing basal shoot position is impartial, and young sprout is evenly distributed, and setting fruit position is homogeneous, greatly improves fruit quality.
It is as follows that inventor provides this tree-like construction method simultaneously:
1. kind plant selection of seedling and field planting
Adopt one-level grape nursery stock, require well developed root system, branch base portion rugosity, at more than 0.7cm, is cut and is stayed joint number to be 4-5 joint, the full stalwartness of eye; Grafting stock height is more than 30cm, and grafting mouth heals completely.Nursery stock has no mechanical damage, without damage by disease and insect; Wardrobe are planted in, in column along grape is capable;
2. cultivate trunk with main climing
First Year spring, the healthy nursery stock of field planting, retains a healthy and strong young sprout vertical growth after germinateing, the pinching when length reaches 1.8-2 rice, retains the continued growth of terminal bud sublateral shoot, cultivates as horizontal trunk; The horizontal bondage growth of its two sublateral shoot direct motions in lower left and right, cultivate as the first row master is climing, other sublateral shoots are all erased; Also can retain a sublateral shoot more extend forward if tree vigo(u)r is vigorous, two sublateral shoots form horizontal trunk jointly; All young sprout pinching early in August acceleratings; 0.8cm place cutting back is reached at all branch diameters when winter cuts;
Second Year: the vigorous varietal level trunk of tree vigo(u)r reach climing 2 meters of distance the first row master that horizontal trunk can be utilized to cultivate the second row i.e. the 3rd, 4 article of master is climing; Tree vigo(u)r deficiency keep horizontal trunk terminal bud to continue horizontal growth until distance the first row master climing 2 meters of pinching, select its lower two sublateral shoots along the bondage of wire drawing left and right horizontal, cultivation is that the second row master is climing, and level is dry to be gone up all the other young sprouts and all erase and do not stay; The pinching when the master of adjacent two strains climing docking;
3. the cultivation of bearing basal shoot
Determine the tip according to the distance bud picking of 15-20cm on master is climing, and keep young sprout to same direction horizontal growth; When front two rows young sprout joins, pinching is pruned; Treelet can stay a slice sublateral shoot leaf without offspring, and Cheng Lingshu does not retain sublateral shoot leaf; During winter pruning, major part kind young sprout retains a bud cutting back pruning, as the bearing basal shoot of next year; So far tree-like cultivation is completed.
By above-mentioned breeding method, can obtain vine of the present invention at short notice tree-like, whole process is comparatively simple, is applicable to better promoting and utilizing.
In sum, tree-like and cultivation method that is its correspondence provided by the invention has had great improvement compared to prior art, is thisly tree-likely more applicable to do mechanization operation and application of going sightseeing, and all improves a lot for output viny and fruit quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Structural representation when Fig. 1 is tree-like field planting of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is tree-like structural representation of the present invention;
In figure, 1 is upright trunk, and 2 is horizontal trunk, and 3,4,5 and 6 is main climing, and 7 is young sprout.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of brand-new grape is tree-like, this tree-like being specifically constructed as follows:
Comprise the upright trunk 1 of a 1.8-2 rice, on trunk 1,18-24cm has cultivated two masters climing 3 and 6 respectively; Described upright trunk 1 continues the horizontal trunk 2 extending horizontally away a section 2 meters long, mitogenetic two masters climing 4 and 5 again about this trunk top;
The Chinese character of an overall tree-like similar bending " is done ", and " doing " word lower part is upright trunk, above two horizontal be that level master is climing, be horizontal trunk between two horizontal strokes; Spacing in the rows between adjacent two upright trunks is 2-4 rice, line-spacing 4-5 rice.
General all masters are climing to be in same level substantially, and young sprout 7 be all positioned at main climing on, spacing 15-20cm, Tipping length 1.8-2m, 45-50 sheet leaf, load capacity controls at 1500kg
The construction method that the brand-new grape of embodiment 2 one kinds is tree-like
1. kind plant selection of seedling and field planting
Adopt one-level grape nursery stock, require well developed root system, branch base portion rugosity, at more than 0.7cm, is cut and is stayed joint number to be 4-5 joint, the full stalwartness of eye; Grafting stock height is more than 30cm, and grafting mouth heals completely.Nursery stock has no mechanical damage, without damage by disease and insect; Wardrobe are planted in, in column along grape is capable;
2. cultivate trunk with main climing
First Year spring, the healthy nursery stock of field planting, retains a healthy and strong young sprout vertical growth after germinateing, the pinching when length reaches 1.8-2 rice, retains the continued growth of terminal bud sublateral shoot, cultivates as horizontal trunk; The horizontal bondage growth of its two sublateral shoot direct motions in lower left and right, cultivate as the first row master is climing, other sublateral shoots are all erased; Also can retain a sublateral shoot more extend forward if tree vigo(u)r is vigorous, two sublateral shoots form horizontal trunk jointly; All young sprout pinching early in August acceleratings; 0.8cm place cutting back is reached at all branch diameters when winter cuts;
Second Year: the vigorous varietal level trunk of tree vigo(u)r reach climing 2 meters of distance the first row master that horizontal trunk can be utilized to cultivate the second row i.e. the 3rd, 4 article of master is climing; Tree vigo(u)r deficiency keep horizontal trunk terminal bud to continue horizontal growth until distance the first row master climing 2 meters of pinching, select its lower two sublateral shoots along the bondage of wire drawing left and right horizontal, cultivation is that the second row master is climing, and level is dry to be gone up all the other young sprouts and all erase and do not stay; The pinching when the master of adjacent two strains climing docking;
3. the cultivation of bearing basal shoot
Determine the tip according to the distance bud picking of 15-20cm on master is climing, and keep young sprout to same direction horizontal growth; When front two rows young sprout joins, pinching is pruned; Treelet can stay a slice sublateral shoot leaf without offspring, and Cheng Lingshu does not retain sublateral shoot leaf; During winter pruning, major part kind young sprout retains a bud cutting back pruning, as the bearing basal shoot of next year; So far tree-like cultivation is completed.
Apply this tree-like, inventor is at Jining of Shandong Province, how Tai'an etc. test, the line-spacing controlled between adjacent two upright trunks is 2-4 rice, have employed the annual healthy and strong nursery stock in tree-like more prosperous grape variety Moldova, within 1 year, forms trunk tree-like, namely Second Year starts result, fruit bearing shoot is balanced consistent, and fruit ear proper alignment, percent rate of high quality fruit reaches more than 90%.Tree-like far above existing, and be more applicable to do mechanization operation and application of going sightseeing.
Claims (3)
1. a grape is tree-like, it is characterized in that: this tree-like being specifically constructed as follows:
Comprise the upright trunk (1) of 1.8 meters, on trunk, 18-24cm has cultivated two masters climing (3) and (6) respectively; Described upright trunk (1) transfers the horizontal trunk (2) that horizontal-extending continued growth goes out a section 2 meters long to, mitogenetic two masters climing (4) and (5) again about this trunk (2) top.
2. grape according to claim 1 is tree-like, it is characterized in that: the spacing in the rows between adjacent two upright trunks is 2-4 rice, line-spacing 4-5 rice.
3. the construction method that grape described in claim 1 is tree-like, is characterized in that: concrete steps are as follows:
(1) selection of seedling and field planting is planted
Adopt one-level grape nursery stock, require well developed root system, branch base portion rugosity, at more than 0.7cm, is cut and is stayed joint number to be 4-5 joint, the full stalwartness of eye; Grafting stock height is more than 30cm, and grafting mouth heals completely; Nursery stock has no mechanical damage, without damage by disease and insect; Wardrobe are planted in, in column along grape is capable;
(2) trunk is cultivated with main climing
First Year spring, the healthy nursery stock of field planting, retains a healthy and strong young sprout vertical growth after germinateing, the pinching when length reaches 1.8-2 rice, retains the continued growth of terminal bud sublateral shoot, cultivates as horizontal trunk; The horizontal bondage growth of its two sublateral shoot direct motions in lower left and right, cultivate as the first row master is climing, other sublateral shoots are all erased; Also can retain a sublateral shoot more extend forward if tree vigo(u)r is vigorous, two sublateral shoots form horizontal trunk jointly; All young sprout pinching early in August acceleratings; 0.8cm place cutting back is reached at all branch diameters when winter cuts;
Second Year: the vigorous varietal level trunk of tree vigo(u)r reach climing 2 meters of distance the first row master that horizontal trunk can be utilized to cultivate the second row i.e. the 3rd, 4 article of master is climing; Tree vigo(u)r deficiency keep horizontal trunk terminal bud to continue horizontal growth until distance the first row master climing 2 meters of pinching, select its lower two sublateral shoots along the bondage of wire drawing left and right horizontal, cultivation is that the second row master is climing, and level is dry to be gone up all the other young sprouts and all erase and do not stay; The pinching when the master of adjacent two strains climing docking;
(3) cultivation of bearing basal shoot
Determine the tip according to the distance bud picking of 15-20cm on master is climing, and keep young sprout to same direction horizontal growth; When front two rows young sprout joins, pinching is pruned; Treelet can stay a slice sublateral shoot leaf without offspring, and Cheng Lingshu does not retain sublateral shoot leaf; During winter pruning, major part kind young sprout retains a bud cutting back pruning, as the bearing basal shoot of next year; So far tree-like cultivation is completed;
Wherein said young sprout Cultivated objective is identical with horizontal trunk, spacing 15-20cm, and Tipping length 1.8-2m, 45-50 sheet leaf, load capacity controls at 1500kg.
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| CN201510663002.3A CN105165369B (en) | 2015-10-03 | 2015-10-03 | A kind of grape is tree-like and its construction method |
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| CN105165369A true CN105165369A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
| CN105165369B CN105165369B (en) | 2017-11-21 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106358967A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-02-01 | 铜仁市万山区米贡山高效农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for improving quality of grape |
| CN107343459A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-14 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | A kind of method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency |
| CN107371822A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 山东志昌农业科技发展股份有限公司 | The big tree cultural method of landscape grape |
| CN107484606A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-19 | 四川华朴现代农业股份有限公司 | The shaping methods that a kind of macaque Young peach trees are cultivated |
| CN107494006A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-22 | 宁涛 | A kind of grape pruning method |
| CN107593256A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-19 | 北京市延庆区葡萄及葡萄酒产业促进中心 | A kind of greenhouse controlling VF shapes are tree-like and its cultural method |
| CN107750808A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-06 | 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 | A kind of method of grape shaping and trimming |
| CN110800539A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-18 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | Branch culture method for early fruiting of apple seedlings |
| CN113039994A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-29 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Pruning method and management mode for grape with double main tendrils collected from fruit leaves |
| CN115380762A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-11-25 | 山东农业大学 | Tree-shaped rack for courtyard grape cultivation and construction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107343459A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-14 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | A kind of method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency |
| CN107484606B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2020-06-05 | 四川华朴现代农业股份有限公司 | Shaping method for cultivating young kiwi fruit trees |
| CN107484606A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-19 | 四川华朴现代农业股份有限公司 | The shaping methods that a kind of macaque Young peach trees are cultivated |
| CN107371822B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2020-04-14 | 志昌智慧农业科技股份有限公司 | Landscape grape big tree culture method |
| CN107371822A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 山东志昌农业科技发展股份有限公司 | The big tree cultural method of landscape grape |
| CN107494006A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-22 | 宁涛 | A kind of grape pruning method |
| CN107593256A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-19 | 北京市延庆区葡萄及葡萄酒产业促进中心 | A kind of greenhouse controlling VF shapes are tree-like and its cultural method |
| CN107750808A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-06 | 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 | A kind of method of grape shaping and trimming |
| CN110800539A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-18 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | Branch culture method for early fruiting of apple seedlings |
| CN113039994A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-29 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Pruning method and management mode for grape with double main tendrils collected from fruit leaves |
| CN113039994B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-10-14 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Pruning method and management mode for grape with double main tendrils collected from fruit leaves |
| CN115380762A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-11-25 | 山东农业大学 | Tree-shaped rack for courtyard grape cultivation and construction method |
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