CN107371822B - Landscape grape big tree culture method - Google Patents
Landscape grape big tree culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107371822B CN107371822B CN201710704924.3A CN201710704924A CN107371822B CN 107371822 B CN107371822 B CN 107371822B CN 201710704924 A CN201710704924 A CN 201710704924A CN 107371822 B CN107371822 B CN 107371822B
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- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 241000422846 Sequoiadendron giganteum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001557517 Crocanthemum scoparium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a landscape grape big tree culture method, which comprises the following steps: step one, selecting a multi-resistance stock; cultivating a main branch on the stock planted in the first year, leaving no side branch below the shed frame surface, starting to leave a side branch at intervals of 1.5-3 m along the main branch growth direction from the shed frame surface, cutting off all the other side branches, leaving a side branch at intervals of 2.5-3 m along the side branch growth direction, cutting off the other side branches, and pinching control after the side branches are fully erected; when pruning is carried out in winter, the lateral main branches are reserved, and a bud short section is reserved on the lateral branches; step two, grafting culture, wherein after the rootstock sprouts in the second year, only a young shoot growing on the lateral branch on the lateral trunk branch is reserved, and grafting is carried out at the position of 25-30 cm of the length of the young shoot; and (3) leading and binding the new shoots of the grafted variety along the growth direction of the side trunk branches, pinching and controlling the new shoots when the new shoots grow to the next grafted branch group to form variety branches, and culturing the side branches germinated from the variety branches according to bearing branches.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting and cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating a grape big tree.
Background
The grapes are favored by people because of being sweet and sour, besides large-scale vineyards, courtyard planting or landscape grape planting gradually becomes a popular trend, the field management method of the grapes is not suitable for courtyard grapes and landscape grapes, and for example, courtyard planting is taken as an example, if the management is not proper, the grapes grow disorderly, the appearance is not attractive enough, and the fruiting rate of the grapes and the taste of the grapes are also influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a landscape grape big tree culture method which is beautiful and has high fruiting rate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the landscape grape big tree culture method comprises the following steps:
step one, stock cultivation, namely selecting a multi-resistance stock variety with developed root system, vigorous growth and good grafting affinity, and selecting a dragon-trunk-type trellis cultivation mode;
cultivating a main branch on the stock planted in the first year, leading and tying the main branch to a shed frame surface, leaving no side branch below the shed frame surface, starting from the shed frame surface, leaving a side branch at intervals of 1.5-3 m along the growth direction of the main branch, completely cutting off other side branches, leaving a side branch at intervals of 2.5-3 m along the growth direction of the side branches, cutting off other side branches on the side branches, pinching control after the side branches are fully erected, and allowing the side branches to naturally droop and grow; when pruning is carried out in winter, all mature lateral main branches are reserved, and a bud short section is reserved on the lateral branch on the lateral main branch;
step two, performing grafting culture, in spring of the next year, only reserving the young shoots growing on the lateral branches on the lateral trunk branches after the stocks germinate, removing all other young shoots, and grafting at the positions with the length of 25-30 cm of the young shoots; leading and binding the grafted new shoots of the variety along the growth direction of the lateral trunk branches of the stock, pinching and controlling when the new shoots grow to the next grafting branch group to form branches of the variety, and culturing the lateral branches of the variety, which germinate, according to the bearing branches; the big grape tree is formed by taking the rootstock branch as the backbone branch and taking the variety branch as the bearing branch.
In a preferred embodiment, in the second step, various combinations of grafting is performed according to the maturity, color and shape of the grape variety.
As an optimal technical scheme, the courtyard landscape grape cultivation is implemented by selecting a spring light and/or cold fragrant honey early-maturing variety mature in 6-7 months, a baoguang and/or sun rose middle-maturing variety mature in 8-9 months, a Moduowa and/or an eastern star late-maturing variety mature in 10-11 months, splicing and grafting to obtain a courtyard landscape grape tree with grape maturity in 6-11 months.
As a preferred technical scheme, in the first step, the multi-resistant rootstock variety comprises SO4, 5BB or 101-14 MU.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the landscape grape big tree culture method comprises the following steps: step one, stock cultivation, namely selecting a multi-resistance stock variety with developed root system, vigorous growth and good grafting affinity, and selecting a dragon-trunk-type trellis cultivation mode; cultivating a main branch on the stock planted in the first year, leading and tying the main branch to a shed frame surface, leaving no side branch below the shed frame surface, starting from the shed frame surface, leaving a side branch at intervals of 1.5-3 m along the growth direction of the main branch, completely cutting off other side branches, leaving a side branch at intervals of 2.5-3 m along the growth direction of the side branches, cutting off other side branches on the side branches, pinching control after the side branches are fully erected, and allowing the side branches to naturally droop and grow; when pruning is carried out in winter, all mature lateral main branches are reserved, and a bud short section is reserved on the lateral branch on the lateral main branch; step two, performing grafting culture, in spring of the next year, only reserving the young shoots growing on the lateral branches on the lateral trunk branches after the stocks germinate, removing all other young shoots, and grafting at the positions with the length of 25-30 cm of the young shoots; leading and binding the grafted new shoots of the variety along the growth direction of the lateral trunk branches of the stock, pinching and controlling when the new shoots grow to the next grafting branch group to form branches of the variety, and culturing the lateral branches of the variety, which germinate, according to the bearing branches; forming a big grape tree taking the rootstock branch as a backbone branch and the variety branch as a bearing branch; the big grape trees cultivated by the method have the advantages of ordered branch growth, large illumination area, high fruiting rate, beauty and practicability.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the developmental status of a grapevine before grafting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the development state of the grafted grapevine according to the embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-main trunk branches; 2-lateral branch; 3-lateral branch; 4-variety of branch.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples. In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration only. Needless to say, a person skilled in the art realizes that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
The landscape grape big tree culture method comprises the following steps:
step one, stock cultivation, namely selecting a multi-resistance stock variety with developed root system, vigorous growth and good grafting affinity, and selecting a dragon-trunk-type trellis cultivation mode; the multi-resistant rootstock variety comprises SO4, 5BB or 101-14 MU;
as shown in fig. 1, a main branch 1 is cultivated on the root stock for field planting in the first year, the root stock is tied to the surface of a shed frame, no side branch 3 is left below the surface of the shed frame, a side branch 2 is left at intervals of 1.5-3 m along the growth direction of the main branch 1 from the surface of the shed frame, all other side branches 2 are pruned, a side branch 3 is left at intervals of 2.5-3 m along the growth direction of the side branches 2, other side branches 3 on the side branches 2 are pruned, core picking control is carried out after the side branches 2 are fully planted, and the side branches 3 naturally droop and grow; when pruning is carried out in winter, the mature lateral main branches 2 are all reserved, and a bud short section is reserved on the lateral branch 3 on the lateral main branch 2;
step two, grafting culture, in spring of the second year, after the rootstock sprouts, only the new shoots growing on the lateral branches 3 of the lateral dry branches 2 are reserved, and all other new shoots are removed, and grafting is carried out at the positions with the new shoot lengths of 25-30 cm; as shown in fig. 2, the grafted new shoots of the variety are introduced and bound along the growth direction of the lateral trunk branches 2 of the rootstock, when the grafted new shoots grow to the position of the next grafting branch group, the core picking control is carried out to form the variety branches 4, and the lateral branches 3 germinated from the variety branches 4 are cultured according to the bearing branches; and forming the big grape tree taking the rootstock branch as the backbone branch and the variety branch 4 as the bearing branch.
In the second step, in order to create a landscape effect, various combination grafting is carried out according to the mature period, the color and the shape of the grape variety. The courtyard landscape grape cultivation method includes the steps of selecting a spring light and/or cold fragrant honey early-maturing variety mature in 6-7 months, a baoshi and/or sun rose middle-maturing variety mature in 8-9 months, a Molowa and/or eastern star late-maturing variety mature in 10-11 months, splicing and grafting to obtain a courtyard landscape grape tree with grape maturing in 6-11 months. The multi-variety, long-fruit-period, multi-fruit type and multi-color layered grape landscape is realized on the same grape big tree.
The method takes grape multi-resistance rootstocks as main trunks and cultures lateral branches 3, the rootstocks 3 are used for grafting different grape varieties, and landscape grape big trees which are suitable for different regions and sightseeing requirements are cultured. It is characterized in that: firstly, the root system absorption capacity of the stock is strong, the transportation and conduction speed of the branches is high, the tree body grows vigorously, and the method is suitable for rapid forming of big trees; secondly, the grape vine has the advantages of multiple stress resistances such as disease resistance, insect resistance, cold resistance, drought resistance, waterlogging resistance, salt and alkali resistance and the like, and can prolong the service life of the grape vine; thirdly, the method is suitable for cultivating the grape big tree landscape in leisure and light-viewing areas such as courtyard frames, parking lots, circular roads and the like.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. The landscape grape big tree culture method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, stock cultivation, namely selecting a multi-resistance stock variety with developed root system, vigorous growth and good grafting affinity, and selecting a dragon-trunk-type trellis cultivation mode;
cultivating a main branch on the stock planted in the first year, leading and tying the main branch to a shed frame surface, leaving no side branch below the shed frame surface, starting from the shed frame surface, leaving a side branch at intervals of 1.5-3 m along the growth direction of the main branch, completely cutting off other side branches, leaving a side branch at intervals of 2.5-3 m along the growth direction of the side branches, cutting off other side branches on the side branches, pinching control after the side branches are fully erected, and allowing the side branches to naturally droop and grow; when pruning is carried out in winter, all mature lateral main branches are reserved, and a bud short section is reserved on the lateral branch on the lateral main branch;
step two, performing grafting culture, in spring of the next year, only reserving the young shoots growing on the lateral branches on the lateral trunk branches after the stocks germinate, removing all other young shoots, and grafting at the positions with the length of 25-30 cm of the young shoots; leading and binding the grafted new shoots of the variety along the growth direction of the lateral trunk branches of the stock, pinching and controlling when the new shoots grow to the next grafting branch group to form branches of the variety, and culturing the lateral branches of the variety, which germinate, according to the bearing branches; the big grape tree is formed by taking the rootstock branch as the backbone branch and taking the variety branch as the bearing branch.
2. The method for cultivating the big landscape grape tree according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the diverse combination grafting is performed according to the maturity, color and shape of the grape variety.
3. The cultivation method of landscape grapevine according to claim 2, wherein the courtyard landscape grapevine is cultivated by piecing together and grafting of a spring light and/or winter fragrant honey early-maturing variety mature in 6-7 months, a baoguang and/or sun rose middle-maturing variety mature in 8-9 months, a Motorwa mature in 10-11 months and/or a Star late-maturing variety mature in east to obtain the courtyard landscape grapevine with grapevine mature in 6-11 months.
4. The method for cultivating the landscape grapevine big tree according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the multi-resistant rootstock variety comprises SO4, 5BB or 101-14 MU.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710704924.3A CN107371822B (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Landscape grape big tree culture method |
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| CN201710704924.3A CN107371822B (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Landscape grape big tree culture method |
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| CN107371822B true CN107371822B (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108476761A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-09-04 | 湖南奎源农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Aurantii grafting fixed point hair branch device |
| CN110100587A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-09 | 唐山南唐农业科技有限公司 | A kind of fruit tree maturity period that yield can be improved is staggered graft technology |
| CN110754235A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | High-position grafting and cultivating method for passion flower in field |
| CN112913556A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-08 | 中国农业科学院果树研究所 | Fruit tree cultivation method beneficial to disease and insect prevention and control and improvement of fruit tree resource preservation efficiency |
| CN114158412B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-04-21 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Method for seamlessly updating grape variety by trunk high-position grafting |
| CN115191251A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-18 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | Cultivation method of courtyard balcony multi-variety Chinese roses |
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| CN101953274A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-01-26 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Method for performing high position grafting on grapes by using multiresistant rootstocks |
| CN202359845U (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-08-01 | 金华市农业科学研究院 | Grape roofing carport |
| CN104160915A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-11-26 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | High-density labor-saving shaping cultivation method for grape vine |
| CN105165369A (en) * | 2015-10-03 | 2015-12-23 | 山东农业大学 | Grapevine shape and constructing method thereof |
| CN106171752A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-07 | 杨健 | View and admire grape cultivation method |
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2017
- 2017-08-17 CN CN201710704924.3A patent/CN107371822B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101953274A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-01-26 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Method for performing high position grafting on grapes by using multiresistant rootstocks |
| CN202359845U (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-08-01 | 金华市农业科学研究院 | Grape roofing carport |
| CN104160915A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-11-26 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | High-density labor-saving shaping cultivation method for grape vine |
| CN105165369A (en) * | 2015-10-03 | 2015-12-23 | 山东农业大学 | Grapevine shape and constructing method thereof |
| CN106171752A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-07 | 杨健 | View and admire grape cultivation method |
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| CN107371822A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
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Effective date of registration: 20200320 Address after: 809, 8 / F, building a7-5, Hanyu Jinggu, no.7000, Jingshi Road, Jinan area, China (Shandong) free trade Experimental Zone, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250101 Applicant after: Zhichang Intelligent Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: SHANDONG ZHICHANG AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD. Address before: 276500, Shandong, Rizhao City, Juxian, Chengyang street, Great Lakes Community, Great Lakes Village (the first north side) Applicant before: SHANDONG ZHICHANG AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. |
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Denomination of invention: Cultivation methods for landscape grape trees Granted publication date: 20200414 Pledgee: Shandong Juxian Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: SHANDONG ZHICHANG AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2024980022648 |