CN104920090A - Double-layer horizontal arm shaped fruit tree form and tree form shaping method - Google Patents
Double-layer horizontal arm shaped fruit tree form and tree form shaping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104920090A CN104920090A CN201510262500.7A CN201510262500A CN104920090A CN 104920090 A CN104920090 A CN 104920090A CN 201510262500 A CN201510262500 A CN 201510262500A CN 104920090 A CN104920090 A CN 104920090A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
Disclosed are a double-layer horizontal arm shaped fruit tree form and a tree form shaping method. The double-layer horizontal arm shaped fruit tree form comprises a center trunk distributed at the center of a tree body, a first-layer main branch with two twigs and a second-layer main branch with two twigs, the first-layer main branch and the second-layer main branch are distributed horizontally, and the distance between the first-layer main branch and the second-layer main branch is set as 0.8-0.85m. Ventilation and light transmittance performances are improved, operations such as fruit bagging, picking and the like are facilitated, mechanical management in the later period of a fruit tree is facilitated as well, and accordingly yield of the tree fruit and quality of fruit are heightened, and laborsaving and high efficiency purposes are achieved.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a planting fruit-trees shape and tree-like shaping methods, especially a kind of fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape and tree-like shaping methods.
Two, background technology
Tree-like is the basis of fruit growing, therefore tree-like and tree-like shaping methods is a kind of important gardening method, in existing tree-like and tree-like shaping methods, fruit growing scheme-tree height is large, limits the raising of fruit yield, and tree body ventilation and penetrating light is poor, affect the seed output and quality of fruit, and the management work such as bagging, pollination, laxative, harvesting are wasted time and energy, thus reduce the efficiency of the management of fruit tree, also there is no now a kind of fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape and tree-like shaping methods.
Three, summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned technical disadvantages, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape and tree-like shaping methods, therefore improve the output of fruit tree and the quality of fruit.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape, the center being distributed in Shu Ti center being set to include one is done, there is the ground floor major branch of two and have the second layer major branch of two, ground floor major branch and second layer major branch be set to respectively to be the level of state distribution and ground floor major branch and second layer major branch spacing be set to 0.8-0.85 rice.
Because the major branch devising layering is done, add ventilation and penetrating light performance, also facilitate the operations such as fruit tree bag cover, pollination, pruning, laxative, be beneficial to the mechanization management of fruit tree, therefore improve the output of fruit tree and the quality of fruit, saved labour cost.
The present invention devises, a kind of fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape, the center limb being set to the distribution tree body center including, the ground floor major branch with two are done and the second layer major branch with two is done, and ground floor major branch is done and is set to 0.82-0.92 rice with the height on ground and second layer major branch is done and is set to 1.62-1.68 rice with the height on ground.
The present invention devises, and fruit tree species is set to pear tree, peach or apple tree, and the kind of pear tree is set to bar pears or beautiful dew is fragrant.
The present invention devises, and a kind of fruit tree shape shaping methods based on double-layer horizontal arm shape, the steps include:
Duplicate rows field planting is adopted implementing the tree-like fruit tree of the present invention, spacing in the rows is set to 3.8-4.2 rice and line space 3.7-4.3 rice, First Year after fruit tree field planting, carry out pruning determining dry treatment at fruit tree plant height 80-85cm place, carries out bud process at quarter to the bud of 3-5 under clip;
Second Year after fruit tree field planting, after branch is sprouted, strengthens rich water quality management, promotes that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 3rd year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on ground floor horizontal wire, erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the ground floor major branch that form ground floor horizontal arm shape are done, and vertical branch heading height is more than 1.6 meters, 3-5 the bud and carve bud process selected and remain under clip;
After fruit tree field planting the 4th year, the branch that vertical branch is done surely strengthened rich water quality management after sprouting, and promoted that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 5th year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on second layer horizontal wire, to erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the second layer major branch that form second layer horizontal arm shape are done, and the branch continuing vertical growth forms center limb.
The present invention devises, and is more than 1.6 meters by the vertical branch heading height of the second layer, 3-5 the bud and carve bud process selected and remain under clip, and the branch that vertical branch is done surely strengthens rich water quality management after sprouting, and promotes that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of three months next years, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on third layer horizontal wire, to erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the third layer major branch that form third layer horizontal arm shape are done, and third layer major branch is done and is set to 2.28-2.42 rice with the height on ground; When ground floor major branch dry ageing, ground floor major branch can be taken out and do, retain second layer major branch dry dry with third layer major branch.
The present invention devises, a kind of fruit tree shape shaping methods based on double-layer horizontal arm shape, and step is:
Adopt duplicate rows field planting implementing the tree-like fruit tree of the present invention, spacing in the rows is set to 3.85 meters and line space 4.27 meters, and First Year after fruit tree field planting carries out pruning determining dry treatment at fruit tree plant height 83.5cm place, carries out bud process at quarter to the bud of 3-5 under clip;
Second Year after fruit tree field planting, after branch is sprouted, strengthens rich water quality management, promotes that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 3rd year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on ground floor horizontal wire, erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the ground floor major branch that form ground floor horizontal arm shape are done, and vertical branch heading height is more than 1.6 meters, 3-5 the bud and carve bud process selected and remain under clip;
After fruit tree field planting the 4th year, the branch that vertical branch is done surely strengthened rich water quality management after sprouting, and promoted that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 5th year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on second layer horizontal wire, to erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the second layer major branch that form second layer horizontal arm shape are done, and the branch continuing vertical growth forms center limb.
The present invention devises, a kind of fruit tree shaping device based on double-layer horizontal arm shape, comprise column and horizontal wire strand, column is high is set to 1.8-2.2 rice, the height of ground floor horizontal wire is set to 0.82-0.92 rice and the height of second layer horizontal wire is set to 1.62-1.68 rice, and the angle between the center line of horizontal wire and the center line of column is set to 90 °.
In the technical program, the major branch of the layering in tree-like is done as important technical characteristic, based in the fruit tree shape of double-layer horizontal arm shape and the technical field of tree-like shaping methods, have novelty, creativeness and practicality, the term in the technical program is all to make an explanation with patent document in the art and to understand.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 of the present inventionly usually does in overhead about 80 centimeters surely, retains more than 3-5 bud or branch, carries out the schematic diagram of bud at quarter:
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram being long shoot by bud or branch growth at First Year of the present invention:
Fig. 3 be of the present invention by whole for two branches be level, a branch is vertical, all the other schematic diagrames all removed:
Fig. 4 is that leader's branch is cut off, the schematic diagram of 3-5 bud of selecting and remain in the place in 80-100 centimetre, distance ground floor branch of the present invention:
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram allowing bud growth be branch of the present invention:
Fig. 6 be of the present invention by whole for two branches be level, all the other schematic diagrames removed.
Five, embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further describe the present invention, following examples are intended to the present invention instead of limitation of the invention further are described.Based on a fruit tree shape shaping methods for double-layer horizontal arm shape, first embodiment, the steps include:
Adopt duplicate rows field planting implementing the tree-like fruit tree of the present invention, spacing in the rows is set to 3.8 meters and line space 3.7 meters, and First Year after fruit tree field planting carries out pruning determining dry treatment at fruit tree plant height 80cm place, carries out bud process at quarter to the bud of 3-5 under clip;
Second Year after fruit tree field planting, after branch is sprouted, strengthens rich water quality management, promotes that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 3rd year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on ground floor horizontal wire, erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the ground floor major branch that form ground floor horizontal arm shape are done, and vertical branch heading height is more than 1.6 meters, 3-5 the bud and carve bud process selected and remain under clip;
After fruit tree field planting the 4th year, the branch that vertical branch is done surely strengthened rich water quality management after sprouting, and promoted that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 5th year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on second layer horizontal wire, to erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the second layer major branch that form second layer horizontal arm shape are done, and the branch continuing vertical growth forms center limb.
In the present embodiment, a kind of fruit tree shaping device based on double-layer horizontal arm shape, comprise column and horizontal wire strand, column is high is set to 1.8 meters, the height of ground floor horizontal wire is set to 0.82 meter and the height of second layer horizontal wire is set to 1.62 meters, and the angle between the center line of horizontal wire and the center line of column is set to 90 °.
During use, column is embedded in underground, follow and bury a root post underground to every 10 meters, column can be steel pipe also can be concrete column, the branch forming ground floor horizontal arm shape is placed through bondage mode and connects with ground floor horizontal wire, and the branch forming second layer horizontal arm shape is placed through bondage mode and connects with second layer horizontal wire.
In the present embodiment, fruit tree species be set to pear tree and the kind of pear tree be set to cling to pears.Because the growth potential of pear tree is vigorous, become principal stresses strong, be applicable to the fruit tree shape forming double-layer horizontal arm shape.
Based on a fruit tree shape shaping methods for double-layer horizontal arm shape, second embodiment, the steps include:
Adopt duplicate rows field planting implementing the tree-like fruit tree of the present invention, spacing in the rows is set to 4.2 meters and line space 4.3 meters, and First Year after fruit tree field planting carries out pruning determining dry treatment at fruit tree plant height 85cm place, carries out bud process at quarter to the bud of 3-5 under clip;
Second Year after fruit tree field planting, after branch is sprouted, strengthens rich water quality management, promotes that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 3rd year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on ground floor horizontal wire, erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the ground floor major branch that form ground floor horizontal arm shape are done, and vertical branch heading height is more than 1.6 meters, 3-5 the bud and carve bud process selected and remain under clip;
After fruit tree field planting the 4th year, the branch that vertical branch is done surely strengthened rich water quality management after sprouting, and promoted that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 5th year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on second layer horizontal wire, to erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the second layer major branch that form second layer horizontal arm shape are done, and the branch continuing vertical growth forms center limb.
In the present embodiment, a kind of fruit tree shaping device based on double-layer horizontal arm shape, comprise column and horizontal wire strand, column is high is set to 2.2 meters, the height of ground floor horizontal wire is set to 0.92 meter and the height of second layer horizontal wire is set to 1.68 meters, and the angle between the center line of horizontal wire and the center line of column is set to 90 °.
In the present embodiment, fruit tree species be set to pear tree and the kind of pear tree to be set to beautiful dew fragrant.Because the growth potential of pear tree is vigorous, become principal stresses strong, be applicable to the fruit tree shape forming double-layer horizontal arm shape.
Based on a fruit tree shape shaping methods for double-layer horizontal arm shape, the 3rd embodiment, the steps include:
Adopt duplicate rows field planting implementing the tree-like fruit tree of the present invention, spacing in the rows is set to 4.0 meters and line space 4.0 meters, and First Year after fruit tree field planting carries out pruning determining dry treatment at fruit tree plant height 82.5cm place, carries out bud process at quarter to the bud of 3-5 under clip;
Second Year after fruit tree field planting, after branch is sprouted, strengthens rich water quality management, promotes that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 3rd year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on ground floor horizontal wire, erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the ground floor major branch that form ground floor horizontal arm shape are done, and vertical branch heading height is more than 1.6 meters, 3-5 the bud and carve bud process selected and remain under clip;
After fruit tree field planting the 4th year, the branch that vertical branch is done surely strengthened rich water quality management after sprouting, and promoted that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 5th year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on second layer horizontal wire, to erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the second layer major branch that form second layer horizontal arm shape are done, and the branch continuing vertical growth forms center limb.
In the present embodiment, a kind of fruit tree shaping device based on double-layer horizontal arm shape, comprise column and horizontal wire strand, column is high is set to 2.0 meters, the height of ground floor horizontal wire is set to 0.90 meter and the height of second layer horizontal wire is set to 1.65 meters, and the angle between the center line of horizontal wire and the center line of column is set to 90 °.
In the present embodiment, fruit tree species is set to peach.Because the growth potential of peach is vigorous, become principal stresses strong, be applicable to the fruit tree shape forming double-layer horizontal arm shape.
Based on a fruit tree shape shaping methods for double-layer horizontal arm shape, the 4th embodiment, the steps include:
Adopt duplicate rows field planting implementing the tree-like fruit tree of the present invention, spacing in the rows is set to 3.85 meters and line space 4.27 meters, and First Year after fruit tree field planting carries out pruning determining dry treatment at fruit tree plant height 83.5cm place, carries out bud process at quarter to the bud of 3-5 under clip;
Second Year after fruit tree field planting, after branch is sprouted, strengthens rich water quality management, promotes that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 3rd year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on ground floor horizontal wire, erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the ground floor major branch that form ground floor horizontal arm shape are done, and vertical branch heading height is more than 1.6 meters, 3-5 the bud and carve bud process selected and remain under clip;
After fruit tree field planting the 4th year, the branch that vertical branch is done surely strengthened rich water quality management after sprouting, and promoted that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 5th year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on second layer horizontal wire, to erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the second layer major branch that form second layer horizontal arm shape are done, and the branch continuing vertical growth forms center limb.
In the present embodiment, a kind of fruit tree shaping device based on double-layer horizontal arm shape, comprise column and horizontal wire strand, column is high is set to 1.8-2.2 rice, the height of ground floor horizontal wire is set to 0.82-0.92 rice and the height of second layer horizontal wire is set to 1.62-1.68 rice, and the angle between the center line of horizontal wire and the center line of column is set to 90 °.
In the present embodiment, fruit tree species is set to apple tree.Because the growth potential of apple tree is vigorous, become principal stresses strong, be applicable to the fruit tree shape forming double-layer horizontal arm shape.
Through the fruit tree shape that fruit tree shape shaping methods is formed, first embodiment, the center being distributed in Shu Ti center that a kind of fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape is set to include one is done, have the ground floor major branch of two and have the second layer major branch of two, the height on ground floor major branch and ground is set to 0.82 meter and the height on second layer major branch and ground is set to 1.62 meters.
Pear tree Crown canopy parametre, Fruit yield and quality index and the amount of labour used that the plantation of the present embodiment shaping methods plant with conventional method, in Table, show that 1-table 4 pear tree coronule dredges a layer shape, the happy shape of individual layer, parameter that double-layer horizontal arm shape is tree-like, yield and quality index compare with the amount of labour used.
Double-layer horizontal arm shape trunk is the highest, and trunk diameter rugosity is maximum, shoot length with become branch number and increase, based on fruit spur result.It is dry high minimum that coronule dredges layer shape, and Shoot number is many, and shoot length is maximum, based on fruit spur result.Happy shape trunk height is placed in the middle, and trunk diameter rugosity is minimum, and become branch number maximum, grow more balanced, based on fruit spur result, medium fruit branch result is auxiliary.
The output distribotion that coronule dredges layer shape mainly concentrates on the vertical canopy of 1.0 ~ 2.0 m, and the canopy output of 2.0 more than m is little.The output distribotion of double-layer horizontal arm shape on vertical canopy all concentrates on the position of height of tree crown 0.8 ~ 1.0m and 1.6 ~ 1.8m.
The single fruit weight difference of different tree form different canopy layers fruit reaches significance level, dredges layer shape with double-layer horizontal arm shape > individual layer happy shape > coronule.The three kinds of tree-like hardness of fruit, fruit shape index there was no significant differences, fruit soluble solids content is double-layer horizontal arm shape > individual layer happy shape > coronule and dredges layer shape.The fruit quality uniformity of double-layer horizontal arm shape is best.
As can be seen from Table 4, the every production management measure in short hat happy shape theatre all comparatively contrasts saving of labor, wherein the fruit thinning amount of labour used is 54% of contrast, the pollination amount of labour used is 50% of contrast, the laxative amount of labour used is only 48% of contrast, pruning the amount of labour used is contrast 41.5%, and the bagging amount of labour used is 35% of contrast, and the amount of labour used of gathering is only 33.33% of contrast.
The tree-like parameter of table 1 different tree form water-rich areas
The distribution of the tree-like pear tree single plant yield of three kinds, table 2 on vertical canopy
Table 3 different tree form is on the impact of pear fruit quality
Table 4 double-layer horizontal arm shape and coronule dredge layer shape Demonstration Garden on average every mu of ground amount of labour used
(unit: individual)
Through the fruit tree shape that fruit tree shape shaping methods is formed, second embodiment, the center being distributed in Shu Ti center that a kind of fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape is set to include one is done, have the ground floor major branch of two and have the second layer major branch of two, the height on ground floor major branch and ground is set to 0.92 meter and the height on second layer major branch and ground is set to 1.68 meters.
Through the fruit tree shape that fruit tree shape shaping methods is formed, 3rd embodiment, the center being distributed in Shu Ti center that a kind of fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape is set to include one is done, have the ground floor major branch of two and have the second layer major branch of two, the height on ground floor major branch and ground is set to 0.90 meter and the height on second layer major branch and ground is set to 1.65 meters.
Through the fruit tree shape that fruit tree shape shaping methods is formed, 4th embodiment, the center being distributed in Shu Ti center that a kind of fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape is set to include one is done, have the ground floor major branch of two and have the second layer major branch of two, the height on ground floor major branch and ground is set to 0.83 meter and the height on second layer major branch and ground is set to 1.65 meters.
Second embodiment is more than 1.6 meters by the vertical branch heading height of the second layer, 3-5 the bud and carve bud process selected and remain under clip, and the branch that vertical branch is done surely strengthens rich water quality management after sprouting, and promotes that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of three months next years, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on third layer horizontal wire, to erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the third layer major branch that form third layer horizontal arm shape are done, and third layer major branch is done and is set to 2.28-2.42 rice with the height on ground; When ground floor major branch dry ageing, ground floor major branch can be taken out and do, retain second layer major branch dry dry with third layer major branch.
The present invention has lower feature:
1, due to devise layering major branch do, add ventilation and penetrating light performance, also facilitate the mechanization in fruit tree later stage to manage, no longer other is tree-like, therefore improves the output of fruit tree and the quality of fruit.
2, the major branch owing to devising layering is done, and arm one and arm two are respectively 0.8 meter and 1.6 meters apart from ground level, are convenient to the operation such as fruit bagging, harvesting.
3, the major branch owing to devising layering is done, tree body fruit-bearing shoot cluster direct raw on arm one and arm two, ventilation and penetrating light, reduce damage by disease and insect, fruit quality is good.Reduce the shedding phenomenon that before plucking, strong wind causes, upgrading synergy simultaneously.
5, the major branch owing to devising layering is done, and fruit result is horizontally arranged, is convenient to mechanized operation.
6, the major branch owing to devising layering is done, and convenient rejects aging major branch is dry, keeps the stable of the output of fruit tree and the quality of fruit.
7, owing to devising technical characteristic of the present invention, in the effect of the set separately and each other of technical characteristic, by test show, property indices of the present invention be existing property indices be at least 1.7 times, by assessment there is good market value.
Above-described embodiment is provided by the present invention based on the fruit tree shape of double-layer horizontal arm shape and a kind of way of realization of tree-like shaping methods; according to other distortion of scheme provided by the present invention; the composition increased or reduce wherein or step; or the present invention is used for other the technical field close with the present invention, all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape, it is characterized in that: the center limb being set to include the distribution tree body center of, the ground floor major branch with two are done and the second layer major branch with two is done, ground floor major branch is done and to be done be set to respectively to be the level of state distribution and ground floor major branch with second layer major branch and do the spacing dry with second layer major branch and be set to 0.8-0.85 rice.
2. the fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the center limb being set to include the distribution tree body center of, the ground floor major branch with two are done and the second layer major branch with two is done, ground floor major branch is done and is set to 0.82-0.92 rice with the height on ground and second layer major branch is done and is set to 1.6-1.68 rice with the height on ground.
3. the fruit tree shape based on double-layer horizontal arm shape according to claim 1, is characterized in that: fruit tree species is set to pear tree, peach or apple tree, and the kind of pear tree is set to bar pears or beautiful dew is fragrant.
4., based on a fruit tree shape shaping methods for double-layer horizontal arm shape, it is characterized in that: the steps include:
Be more than 1.6 meters by the vertical branch heading height of the second layer, 3-5 the bud and carve bud process selected and remain under clip, the branch that vertical branch is done surely strengthens rich water quality management after sprouting, and promotes that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of three months next years, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on third layer horizontal wire, to erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the third layer major branch that form third layer horizontal arm shape are done, and third layer major branch is done and is set to 2.28-2.42 rice with the height on ground; When ground floor major branch dry ageing, ground floor major branch can be taken out and do, retain second layer major branch dry dry with third layer major branch.
5., based on a fruit tree shape shaping methods for double-layer horizontal arm shape, it is characterized in that: the steps include:
Duplicate rows field planting is adopted implementing the tree-like fruit tree of the present invention, spacing in the rows is set to 3.8-4.2 rice and line space 3.7-4.3 rice, First Year after fruit tree field planting, carry out pruning determining dry treatment at fruit tree plant height 80-85cm place, carries out bud process at quarter to the bud of 3-5 under clip;
Second Year after fruit tree field planting, after branch is sprouted, strengthens rich water quality management, promotes that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 3rd year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on ground floor horizontal wire, erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the ground floor major branch that form ground floor horizontal arm shape are done, and vertical branch heading height is more than 1.6 meters, 3-5 the bud and carve bud process selected and remain under clip;
After fruit tree field planting the 4th year, the branch that vertical branch is done surely strengthened rich water quality management after sprouting, and promoted that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 5th year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on second layer horizontal wire, to erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the second layer major branch that form second layer horizontal arm shape are done, and the branch continuing vertical growth forms center limb.
6. the fruit tree shape shaping methods based on double-layer horizontal arm shape according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the steps include:
Adopt duplicate rows field planting implementing the tree-like fruit tree of the present invention, spacing in the rows is set to 3.85 meters and line space 4.27 meters, and First Year after fruit tree field planting carries out pruning determining dry treatment at fruit tree plant height 83.5cm place, carries out bud process at quarter to the bud of 3-5 under clip;
Second Year after fruit tree field planting, after branch is sprouted, strengthens rich water quality management, promotes that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 3rd year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on ground floor horizontal wire, erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the ground floor major branch that form ground floor horizontal arm shape are done, and vertical branch heading height is more than 1.6 meters, 3-5 the bud and carve bud process selected and remain under clip;
After fruit tree field planting the 4th year, the branch that vertical branch is done surely strengthened rich water quality management after sprouting, and promoted that shoot growth becomes the long shoot of more than 1.5 meters; After fruit tree field planting, at the end of the 5th year three months, determine that two branches are as horizontal bondage, a branch continues vertical growth, by the branch of horizontal bondage, with cloth bondage on second layer horizontal wire, to erase back bud and branch, carry out bud at quarter to lateral bud, growth-promoting horizontal branch forms fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the branch and the second layer major branch that form second layer horizontal arm shape are done, and the branch continuing vertical growth forms center limb.
7. the fruit tree shaping device based on double-layer horizontal arm shape, comprise column and horizontal wire strand, column is high is set to 1.8-2.2 rice, the height of ground floor horizontal wire is set to 0.82-0.92 rice and the height of second layer horizontal wire is set to 1.62-1.68 rice, and the angle between the center line of horizontal wire and the center line of column is set to 90 °.
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