CN104362112B - 用于从载体中分离晶片的装置和方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于从通过连接层与晶片相连接的载体中分离晶片的装置,其带有用于接收由载体与晶片构成的载体晶片复合体的接收装置、用于解开载体与晶片之间的通过连接层设置的连接的解开连接器件和用于从载体中分离晶片或者从晶片中分离载体的分离器件,其中,解开连接器件构造成在0至350°C的、尤其10至200°C的、优选地20至80°C的温度范围中、还更优选地在环境温度下工作。
Description
本申请是于2010年3月16日提交的已进入中国国家阶段的PCT专利申请(中国国家申请号为201080013539.0,国际申请号为PCT/EP2010/001630,发明名称“用于从载体中分离晶片的装置和方法”)的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于将晶片从载体中分离(Abloesen)的装置和方法。
背景技术
晶片的背面减薄(Rueckduennen)在半导体工业中经常是必需的,并且可机械地和/或化学地来实现。为了背面减薄,晶片通常暂时地固定在载体上,其中对于固定存在不同的方法。例如可使用薄片、玻璃基层或硅晶片作为载体材料。
根据所使用的载体材料和所使用的在载体与晶片之间的连接层,已知用于溶解或破坏连接层的不同的方法,例如使用紫外光,激光光束、温度效应或溶剂。
分离越来越作为最重要的工艺步骤中的一个示出,这是因为带有几μm的基层厚度的薄的基层(Substrate)在分离/取出时易于折断或者由于对于分离的过程所必需的力而遭受损伤。
此外,薄的基层几乎不具有形状稳定性并且典型地无支撑材料地卷起。因此,在背面减薄的晶片的手动操作期间,晶片的固定和支撑实际上是不可避免的。
文件DE 10 2006 032 488 B4描述了一种用于借助于激光加热连接材料的方法,其中,连接材料的连接效果通过与此相联系的温度显著升高到400至500°C来消除。因此,虽然整个晶片堆的加热的问题被解决(参见那里:[0021])。但是,至少边缘区域和由于晶片材料的良好的热的传导还有相邻于边缘区域的区域经受了显著的温度升高。在此,所产生的温度梯度也是成问题的。
发明内容
由此,本发明的目的是说明一种装置和一种方法,以便尽可能无损坏地将晶片从载体中解开。
本目的通过本发明的特征来实现。本发明的有利的改进方案在从属权利要求中说明。在说明书、权利要求和/或附图所说明的特征中的至少两个的所有的组合也落在本发明的框架中。在所说明的值范围中,处于所提到的边界内的值也应公开为边界值并且可以以任意的组合要求权利。
本发明的构思在于规定一种装置,利用其能够在温度小于350°C的情况下进行分离。已证实的是,处于350°C之上的温度范围对于晶片正好可能为有损害的。此外对于更高的温度需要更多的能量,从而根据本发明的装置需要更少的能量,以便从载体中解开晶片。
相应地,用于将晶片从通过连接层与晶片相连接的载体中分离的根据本发明的装置通过以下特征来标识:
- 用于接收由载体和晶片构成的载体晶片复合体的接收装置,
- 用于解开载体与晶片之间的通过连接层设置的连接的解开连接器件(Verbindungsloesemittel)和
- 用于从载体中分离晶片或者用于从晶片中分离载体的分离器件,
其中,解开连接器件构造成在0至350°C的、尤其在10至200°C的、优选地20至80°C的温度范围中、还更优选地在环境温度下工作。
此外根据本发明设置有一种将晶片从通过连接层与晶片相连接的载体中分离的方法,其可具有以下步骤:
- 在接收装置上接收由载体和晶片构成的载体晶片复合体,
- 通过解开连接器件解开载体与晶片之间的通过连接层设置的连接以及
- 通过分离器件从载体中分离晶片或者从晶片中分离载体,
其中,解开连接器件在直至350°C的、尤其10至200°C的、优选地20至80°C的温度范围中、还更优选地在环境温度下工作。
对晶片理解为产品基层(Produktsubstrat),例如半导体晶片,其通常变薄到在0.5μm与250μm之间的厚度,其中,趋势为产品基层越来越薄。
作为载体,例如应用带有在50μm与5000μm之间的厚度的载体基层。
粘胶、例如可松开的粘胶、尤其热塑性塑料可以考虑作为连接层,其例如选择性地被施加在载体晶片复合体的边缘区域中、尤其在0.1至20mm的边缘区域中。替代地,粘胶可整个面地来施加,其中,中心的粘结力可通过降低粘附的层、例如聚氟物、优选地特氟龙来降低。
特别夹盘(Chuck)、尤其用于接收载体晶片复合体的旋转夹盘适合作为接收装置,尤其借助于负压,例如吸道(Saugbahn)、孔或吸盘(Saugnapf)。替代地,机械的接收部(例如通过侧面的夹子)是可考虑的。
上方的基层接收部(例如释放夹盘(Release-chuck))可用作分离器件,优选地通过负压加载,例如吸道、孔或吸盘。
在本发明的一个有利的实施形式中设置成,解开连接器件构造成基本上不加热地工作。以该方式能够放弃每个加热装置。
在本发明的另一有利的实施形式中设置成,解开连接器件包括用于解开连接层的流体介质(Fluidmittel),尤其选择性地溶解连接层的溶剂。连接层的化学的溶解特别保护晶片并且对于相应的材料选择,溶解也可非常快速地实现,尤其当仅晶片的边缘区域设有连接层时,使得溶剂可从侧面这里快速地作用。以该方式,可放弃在载体基层和/或产品基层中的打孔。
在本发明的替代的实施形式中设置成,解开连接器件包括用于解开连接层的机械的分开器件(Trennmittel),尤其用于切开连接层的刀具。由此,晶片从载体中特别快速的分离是可能的。也可考虑机械的分离器件与流体介质的组合。
在本发明的另一替代的实施形式中设置成,解开连接器件包括用于解开连接层的紫外光源。该实施形式也可与带有机械的分开器件的实施形式和/或带有流体介质的实施形式相组合。
只要解开连接器件构造成尤其仅从载体晶片复合体的侧缘作用,则可放弃从晶片的上侧和/或下侧、尤其位于侧缘内的内部区域作用晶片和/或载体。
通过设置有用于旋转载体晶片复合体的旋转装置,可放弃解开连接器件布置在载体晶片复合体的整个周边上,并且在载体晶片复合体的周边处的部分的作用是足够的。
有利地,解开连接器件具有至少一个包围侧缘的、尤其在接收装置和/或分离器件处优选地密封地作用的解开装置(Loeseeinrichtung)。通过使解开装置包围载体晶片复合体的侧缘,特别有效的作用于连接层是可能的。此外,解开装置用于晶片的保护、尤其侧缘的保护。此外可通过包围的措施阻止流体介质从解开装置离开或紫外光强度损失。在应用机械的分开器件时避免可能的污物从解开装置离开并且污染晶片。解开装置在有利的设计方案中在横截面中构造成U形。
只要解开连接器件、尤其解开装置具有优选地对环境密封的工作腔,则上面提到的优点还被更好地转化,尤其在使用流体介质时。
在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中设置成,工作腔构造成接收载体晶片复合体的侧缘的周围部分(Umfangssektor)。
有利地,工作腔仅些微地在载体晶片复合体的侧缘上向晶片中心的方向伸延,尤其直至在载体侧上的接收方向并且直至在晶片侧上的分离器件。
有利地,分离器件可旋转地构造,尤其借助于可旋转的接收装置来驱动。
只要解开连接器件具有用于清洁晶片的清洁剂,则在分离晶片的同时可至少在作用有连接层的区域中实现晶片的清洁。
根据本发明的方法由此被改进,即连接层在载体晶片复合体的侧缘的区域中粘附地并且在尤其由聚氟物形成的、优选地仅接触晶片的内部区域中至少在晶片的方向上更少粘附地直至不粘附地来构造。
附图说明
从优选的实施例的下面的说明以及借助于附图得到本发明的另外的优点、特征和细节;其中:
图1显示了在根据本发明的第一方法步骤中的根据本发明的装置的示意图,
图2显示了在根据本发明的第二方法步骤中的根据本发明的装置的示意图,
图3a、3b、3c显示了在根据本发明的第二方法步骤中的根据本发明的解开装置的示意性的详细视图,
图4显示了在根据本发明的第三方法步骤中的根据本发明的解开装置的示意性的详细视图,
图5显示了在用于清洁根据本发明的载体的清洁步骤中的根据本发明的装置的示意图以及
图6显示了根据本发明的装置在另一替代的实施形式中的示意图。
具体实施方式
在附图中,相同的部件和带有相同的功能的部件以相同的附图标记表示。
在图1中大致在中心示出了至少由晶片4和载体1构成的载体晶片复合体21,其被接收在接收装置6、尤其夹盘上,即在通过接收装置形成的水平的接收平面A中。载体晶片复合体21也可旋转180°C放置在接收装置6上,即其中载体1向下而晶片4向上。载体晶片复合体21的输送通过未示出的机器人臂来实现。
根据一个特别有利的实施形式,接收装置6或器具相对于水平线示出,使得接收平面A不再水平地布置,而是具有相对于水平线的倾斜角,其为5°与90°之间、尤其 25°至90°、优选地45° 至90°、还更优选地刚好90°。
载体晶片复合体21当前进一步由连接层3以及集成到连接层3中的降低粘附的层2构成,层2在载体1的方向上布置在载体晶片复合体21的内部区域22中。在内部区域22之外,连接层3在载体晶片复合体21的侧缘23处高出降低粘附的层2。因此,侧缘23为环形的截段,并且它从载体晶片复合体21的或载体1的外轮廓延伸至载体晶片复合体21的中心,即在0.1mm至20mm的宽度中。晶片4典型地具有300mm的直径。
晶片4在输送至根据本发明的装置之前通常经受了其它的处理步骤,例如背面减薄到0.5μm直至250μm的厚度。
载体晶片复合体21超出接收装置6至少以侧缘23。接收装置6相应地具有比载体晶片复合体21或晶片4和/或载体1更小的直径。
载体晶片复合体21借助于负压以已知的方式固定在接收装置6上,其中,接收装置6可通过驱动马达5和将接收装置6与驱动马达5连接的驱动轴5w来旋转。
驱动马达5和驱动轴5w可设计为带有真空供给的空心轴,以便可以以有利的方式将真空供给联接在可旋转的接收装置6处。
载体晶片复合体21安置在作业腔7中,其中,驱动马达5布置在作业腔7之外,而驱动轴5w构造成贯穿布置在作业腔的底部24中的开口。
此外在底部24中设置有排出口8。
在载体晶片复合体21侧面设置有解开装置16,其在载体晶片复合体21的周边的一部分上延伸。解开装置16在横截面中构造成U形,并且解开装置的支脚25、26以及解开装置16的侧壁27包围了工作腔28,其构造成朝向载体晶片复合体21打开。解开装置在载体晶片复合体21的圆环段上延伸,并且支脚25、26在图2所示出的解开位置中超出侧缘23,其对应于根据本发明的方法的第二方法步骤。只要接收平面A是合适的,那么解开装置可构造成如淬火池(Tauchbad),这极其简化该装置的手动操作。
解开装置16通过突出到作业腔7中的L形的执行器臂29借助于执行器18可从解开位置移动到根据图1的起始位置中。
在载体晶片复合体21的上方设置有用于从晶片4中分离载体1的分离器件,其中,分离器件具有晶片接收部9,这里为夹盘。
晶片接收部9在晶片接收部执行器臂30处可旋转地支承在晶片接收部执行器臂30的晶片接收部支承15中。
晶片接收部支承15构造成轴向轴承和径向轴承。晶片接收部支承15以及晶片接收部9以它的旋转轴线齐平于驱动轴5w或接收装置6的旋转轴线来布置。
此外,分离器件具有集成到晶片接收部9中的弹性的吸盘14,其在这里构造成波纹管(Balg)。吸盘14联接到压力管路10处,其再次与真空装置连接。由此载体1在吸盘14的区域中可被吸到晶片接收部9处。
此外,根据图1的根据本发明的装置具有通过溶剂执行器臂31与溶剂执行器20相连接的用于在载体1从晶片4中分离后清洁晶片4的溶剂管路19。
利用设置用于距离测量的传感器13(其被集成到晶片接收部9中)可测量载体1从晶片4中的分离,即通过传感器管路12。
在接收载体晶片复合体21后,根据图1晶片接收部9通过晶片接收部执行器11下降到载体1上,直到吸盘置于载体1上。
接下来,通过压力管路10真空被施加到吸盘上,这通过箭头32示出。
因此,晶片接收部9机械地与载体晶片复合体21以及接收装置6相连接,使得通过驱动马达5可引起接收装置6、晶片接收部9和处于它们之间的载体晶片复合体21的旋转。旋转通过旋转箭头33示出。替代地,旋转不连续地、尤其通过以限定的在90°与360°之间的角度的相互的摆动运动来实现,其中,通过摆动运动,载体晶片复合体21的周边应可由解开装置16近似完全地掌握。
对于连续旋转,对于压力管路10和传感器管路12有优点地设置有用于输送至晶片接收部9的旋转轴。
接下来,解开装置16通过解开装置执行器20被移动到在图2中所示出的解开位置中,其也在布置在图2中上右部的放大截段中示出。
接下来,通过流体管路17,溶剂34被导入到解开装置16的工作腔28中,这里溶剂34在侧缘23的区域中与连接层3相接触,并且导致了连接层3从这一侧溶解。
工作腔28可通过解开装置16、尤其支脚25和26利用其端面35和36作用到接收装置6或晶片接收部9来对环境密封。
而密封不是强制必需的,但是导致了溶剂34的节省。
在侧缘23的区域中连接层3的溶解的进展在图3a、3b和最后3c中示出。
在实现在图3中所示的、连接层3的边缘区域的近似完全地溶解直到降低粘附的层2时,晶片4通过构造成波纹管的吸盘14从载体1中提起,这是因为与通过吸盘14作用的拉力相比,降低粘附的层2不施加足够的粘合力。通过测量载体1至晶片接收部9的距离的传感器13来确定,载体1从晶片4中分离(参见图4),使得可停止溶剂34输送到工作腔28中并且解开装置16通过解开装置执行器20可被移动到在图5中示出的起始位置中。
接下来,载体1通过晶片接收部执行器11被向上提起,以便借助于溶剂管路19能够清洁晶片4。通过晶片4的旋转,通过溶剂管路19加料的溶剂37在晶片4清洁后被移除。
接下来,晶片4可通过机器人臂输送给其它的装置和方法步骤,而根据本发明的装置可装载有新的载体晶片复合体21。
在图6中显示了根据本发明的装置的替代的实施形式,其合适于如上面原理上所描述地来处理施加在薄片38上的载体晶片复合体21。
因为薄片38由薄膜框架39保持,薄膜框架39使在上面所描述的方式中侧向地接近载体晶片复合体21变得困难。
因此解开装置16在根据图6的实施形式中包括尤其无支撑的带有出口41的溶剂管路40,其布置在载体晶片复合体21的侧缘23的区域中。在分离的方法步骤中,连接层3在侧缘23处可利用溶剂作用。
为了将固定在薄片38和薄膜框架39处的晶片4分离,用于将晶片从载体中分离的分离器件除了晶片接收部9之外具有薄膜框架接收部42。
薄膜框架接收部42布置在晶片接收部9与晶片接收部执行器臂30之间,并且与贴靠在压力管路10处的真空相连接。薄膜框架接收部42具有可吸住薄膜框架39的吸盘43,其布置在薄膜框架接收部42的周围处。
吸盘43的功能大致对应于吸盘14的功能。
在根据本发明的另一实施形式中,载体晶片复合体21包括第二载体,其在面对载体1的侧面上通过第二连接层与晶片4类似地相连接。以该方式,晶片4例如通过在两个连接层中设置不同的粘合剂和相应不同的溶剂可被带到或转动到另一载体上,而不必隔绝地手动操作晶片4。晶片4总是由载体(或者由载体1或者由第二载体)支撑。
附图标记清单
A 接收平面
1 载体
2 降低粘附的层
3 连接层
4 晶片
5 驱动马达
5w 驱动轴
6 接收装置
7 作业腔
8 排出口
9 晶片接收部
10 压力管路
11 晶片接收部执行器
12 传感器管路
13 传感器
14 吸盘
15 晶片接收部支承
16 解开装置
17 流体管路
18 执行器
19 溶剂管路
20 溶剂执行器
21 载体晶片复合体
22 内部区域
23 侧缘
24 底部
25 支脚
26 支脚
27 侧壁
28 工作腔
29 执行器臂
30 晶片接收部执行器臂
31 溶剂执行器臂
32 箭头
33 旋转箭头
34 溶剂
35 端面
36 端面
37 溶剂
38 薄片
39 薄膜框架
40 溶剂管路
41 出口
42 薄膜框架接收部
43 吸盘
Claims (19)
1.一种用于解开连接层的装置,所述连接层提供在形成载体晶片复合体的载体和晶片之间的连接,所述装置包括:
用于在解开位置使所述载体晶片复合体旋转的旋转装置;和
解开连接器件,所述解开连接器件包括:
工作腔,其中,至少所述载体晶片复合体的周边的一部分能够容纳在所述工作腔中;以及
用于将溶剂输送至所述工作腔的装置,所述溶剂用于在所述载体晶片复合体的周边处溶解所述连接层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述溶剂作用于所述载体晶片复合体的周边。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述解开连接器件具有限定所述工作腔的U形的横截面。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述工作腔由一对支脚和侧壁限定,所述工作腔朝向所述载体晶片复合体敞开。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:
用于在接收面上接收所述载体晶片复合体的接收装置,所述接收面与水平面之间的倾斜角为5°至90°之间。
6.根据权利要求5所述的装置,其特征在于,所述倾斜角为25°至90°之间。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置,其特征在于,所述倾斜角为45°至90°之间。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置,其特征在于,所述倾斜角为90°。
9.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述解开连接器件在0°C至350°C的温度范围中工作。
10.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述解开连接器件不加热地工作。
11.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述解开连接器件还包括:
机械分离器件,其包括刀具用于切开所述连接层和用于解开所述连接层。
12.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述解开连接器件还包括用于解开所述连接层的紫外光源。
13.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述工作腔密封在所述载体晶片复合体的周边的附近。
14.根据权利要求13所述的装置,其特征在于,所述工作腔接收所述载体晶片复合体的周边的部分。
15.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括分离器件,其用于从所述载体分离所述晶片或用于从所述晶片分离所述载体。
16.根据权利要求15所述的装置,其特征在于,所述分离器件可旋转的。
17.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述连接层为热塑性粘合剂。
18.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述解开连接装置包括溶剂管路,用于供应用于清洁所述晶片的清洁剂。
19.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述旋转装置包括旋转轴。
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EP2230683B1 (de) | 2009-03-18 | 2016-03-16 | EV Group GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ablösen eines Wafers von einem Träger |
US8950459B2 (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2015-02-10 | Suss Microtec Lithography Gmbh | Debonding temporarily bonded semiconductor wafers |
EP2667407B1 (de) | 2009-09-01 | 2019-01-23 | EV Group GmbH | Verfahren zum Ablösen eines Produktsubstrats (z.B. eines Halbleiterwafers) von einem Trägersubstrat mittels eines Lösungsmittels und Schallwellen durch Verformung eines auf einem Filmrahmen montierten flexiblen Films |
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