CN103999722B - A kind of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree and shaping and trimming method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree and shaping and trimming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree and shaping and trimming method thereof, relate to Forest-tree culture field, comprise the following steps: field planting matrimony vine tree seedling, fixed dry at distance 1.4 ~ 1.6m place, ground, obtain matrimony vine tree trunk, prune the annotinous branch on trunk, 4 ~ 6 one-level major branches of selecting and remain, the angle of every root one-level major branch and trunk is 30 ~ 45 °; One-level major branch is pruned, every root one-level major branch to be selected and remain the first result branch and 5 ~ 8 secondary major branches, the fixture of every root secondary major branch and one-level major branch is 30 ~ 40 °, and select 1 ~ 2 secondary major branch elongated shoot at secondary major branch top, the angle of every root secondary major branch elongated shoot and secondary major branch is all less than 30 °, some second result branches that one-level major branch, secondary major branch and secondary major branch elongated shoot are selected and remain.The present invention not only easily plucks, and the fruit of Chinese wolfberry is painted relatively more even, and effectively reduces the labour intensity of pruning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Forest-tree culture field, be specifically related to a kind of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree and shaping and trimming method thereof.
Background technology
Matrimony vine tree is the perennial machaka of Solanaceae Solanum, and its kind reaches 80 kinds, is distributed widely in each area both domestic and external.
Matrimony vine can be viewed and admired as potted landscape by tree, and its seed fruit of Chinese wolfberry is rich in the multiple nutritional components such as matrimony vine proteoglycan, vitamin C, phosphorus, iron, and the fruit of Chinese wolfberry has function that is nourishing liver and kidney, benefiting shrewd head.
The plantation of China matrimony vine tree is mainly distributed in the Northwest, and matrimony vine tree has become the main commodity trees crop in the Northwest.
Present stage, in order to improve the output of matrimony vine tree, usually pruning is carried out to matrimony vine tree, the matrimony vine obtaining Crown Structure good is tree-like, and existing matrimony vine tree is tree-like comprises nature semicircle, happy semicircle, conical and " three floors " shape, includes multiple major branch, multiple major branch divide 2 ~ 3 layers be born on central trunk, form multilayer tree crown, on each major branch have multiple little side shoot, multiple major branch layering and is born on trunk.
Existing matrimony vine is tree-like exists following defect:
(1) multilayer major branch divide 2 ~ 3 layers be born on central trunk, formed on multilayer tree crown, matrimony vine tree is when daylighting, the sunlight of lower floor's tree crown can cover by upper strata tree crown, make lower floor's tree crown illumination not enough, and then causing the fruit of Chinese wolfberry of lower floor's tree crown painted uneven, the Chinese wolfberry fruit oil fruit rate obtained is high.
(2) the result branch of the upper strata tree crown easily sagging major branch gap falling into lower floor's tree crown, when staff uses picking device to pluck the fruit of Chinese wolfberry, picking device easily damages lower floor's major branch.
(3) upper strata tree crown is covered in the top of lower floor's tree crown, and during staff's pollard, need upper strata tree crown to push aside, could prune lower floor's tree crown, labour intensity is larger.
Summary of the invention
For the defect existed in prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine to set and shaping and trimming method, the mushroom-shaped matrimony vine obtained is set, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry is painted more even, oil fruit rate is low, not only easily plucks, and effectively reduces the labour intensity of pruning.
For reaching above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: the shaping and trimming method of a kind of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree, comprises the following steps:
A: select and field planting matrimony vine tree seedling, fixed dry at distance 1.4 ~ 1.6m place, ground, form the trunk of matrimony vine tree, the fixed dry place of trunk forms clip;
B: field planting matrimony vine tree seedling is after 1 year, trunk selects 4 ~ 6 annotinous branches mutually staggered, distance between the base portion of every root annotinous branch and trunk clip is 5 ~ 30cm, and the angle between every root annotinous branch and trunk is 30 ° ~ 45 °; Using 4 ~ 6 annotinous branches of selection all as one-level major branch;
C: by every root one-level major branch cutting back to 20 ~ 30cm, the one-level major branch after cutting back generates some first clip buds, and all first clip blastogenesis, after long 2 ~ 4 months, form some first side shoots; According to the angle between every root first side shoot and one-level major branch, the trim mode determining the first side shoot:
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch is less than 30 °, current first side shoot is wiped out;
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch is 30 ° ~ 40 °, then select the angle between 5 ~ 8 and one-level major branch be 30 ° ~ 40 ° the first side shoot, as secondary major branch, by every root secondary major branch equal cutting back to 20 ~ 35cm, the cutting back place of every root secondary major branch all generates some second clip buds;
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch is greater than 40 °, retain current first side shoot, as the first result branch;
D: all second clip blastogenesis are after long 2 ~ 4 months, form some second side shoots, select 1 ~ 2 root distance from secondary major branch top recently and and angle between secondary major branch the second side shoot of being less than 30 °, as secondary major branch elongated shoot, every root secondary major branch elongated shoot apart from its base portion 13 ~ 20cm place's pinching;
E: after trunk, all one-level major branches, secondary major branch, secondary major branch elongated shoot grow 1 year, all grows some first vertical branch and the 3rd side shoot, wipes out the 3rd all side shoot on all first vertical branch and trunk;
Determine all one-level major branches, secondary major branch, angle between secondary major branch elongated shoot and the 3rd side shoot:
Angle between all and the one-level major branch angle be less than between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° and the secondary major branch angle be less than between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° and secondary major branch elongated shoot is less than the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° all as strong branch; Wipe out all strong branches;
The angle that to be angle between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ~ 50 ° and secondary major branch using the angle between all and one-level major branch be between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ~ 50 ° and secondary major branch elongated shoot is that the 3rd side shoot of 30 ~ 50 ° is all as time strong branch; By all secondary strong branch equal cutting back to 20 ~ 35cm;
Angle between all and one-level major branch is greater than 50 °, angle tiltedly between the 3rd side shoot of raw and sag and secondary major branch is greater than 50 °, angle tiltedly between the 3rd side shoot of raw and sag and secondary major branch elongated shoot is greater than 50 °, the 3rd side shoot of oblique raw and sag, all as the second result branch, retain the second all result branches;
F: in the 3rd year winter after field planting matrimony vine tree seedling, trunk, all one-level major branches, secondary major branch, secondary major branch elongated shoot all grow some second vertical branch, wipe out the second all vertical branch; Being pruned off by all first result branches to density is 10 ~ 30/strain, all second result branches are pruned off to density be 30 ~ 160/strain;
G: in the 4th year winter after field planting matrimony vine tree seedling, trunk, all one-level major branches, secondary major branch, secondary major branch elongated shoot all grow some 3rd vertical branch, wipe out all 3rd vertical branch; Being pruned off by the first all result branches to density is 10 ~ 50/strain, the second all result branches is pruned off to density be 40 ~ 200/strain.
On the basis of technique scheme, described steps A is further comprising the steps of: select healthy and strong straight matrimony vine tree seedling, preparation fixed band and interim pole, interim pole of vertically planting at distance matrimony vine tree seedling 10 ~ 20cm place, uses fixed band that matrimony vine is set seedling and interim pole is fixed.
On the basis of technique scheme, described interim pole selects diameter to be 3 ~ 5cm, is highly bamboo pole or the trunk of 2 ~ 2.5m.
On the basis of technique scheme, described step G is further comprising the steps of: remove interim pole.
On the basis of technique scheme, the height of described mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree is 1.6 ~ 1.8m, height 1.4 ~ the 1.6m of its trunk, on trunk, growth has 4 ~ 6 one-level major branches, on every root one-level major branch, all growth has 5 ~ 8 secondary major branches, every root secondary major branch all retains 1 ~ 2 secondary major branch elongated shoot; On secondary major branch, growth has the first result branch and the second result branch, on one-level major branch and secondary major branch elongated shoot, all growth has some second result branches, the direction of growth of all first result branches, the second result branch is all perpendicular to the ground, and every strain mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree includes 10 ~ 50 the first result branches and 40 ~ 200 the second result branches.
On the basis of technique scheme, the angle between described every root one-level major branch and trunk is 30 ~ 45 °.
On the basis of technique scheme, the angle between described every root secondary major branch and one-level major branch is 30 ~ 40 °.
On the basis of technique scheme, the angle between described every root secondary major branch elongated shoot and secondary major branch is all less than 30 °.
On the basis of technique scheme, the distance at described one-level major branch base portion and trunk top is 5 ~ 30cm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree of the present invention, only has one deck canopy, its the first result branch and the second result branch are all positioned at the bottom of canopy, first result branch is all identical with nutritional condition with the illumination condition of all fruits of Chinese wolfberry in process of growth on the second result branch, therefore, by mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree of the present invention, size can be obtained even, uniform coloring, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry that oil fruit rate is low.
(2) mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree of the present invention, its the first result branch, second result branch and its vimineous angle and be all greater than 40 °, and the first result branch, second result branch is tiltedly raw and sag branch, first result branch and the second result branch are in process of growth, be subject to gravity effect, can grow downwards, distribute in bottom canopy, straight down, the branch naturally drooped, with the result branch easily sagging major branch gap falling into lower floor's tree crown of prior art tree crown at the middle and upper levels, pluck the fruit of Chinese wolfberry not only more difficult, and easily damage lower floor major branch is compared, it is not only fairly simple that staff plucks the fruit of Chinese wolfberry, and the complete of major branch can be kept.
(3) mushroom-shaped matrimony vine of the present invention tree, only has one deck canopy, with prior art at the middle and upper levels tree crown be covered in the top of lower floor's tree crown, during staff's pollard, need upper strata tree crown to push aside, could to lower floor's tree crown prune to than, effectively reduce the labour intensity of staff.
(4) trimming method of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree of the present invention, comprise interim pole of planting, and interim pole and matrimony vine sapling are bound, effectively can prevent the trunk of matrimony vine sapling in 1 ~ 4 year vegetative period because degree of lignification is low, broken by windbreak, trunk can also be kept to grow straight up simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree sapling;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.
In figure: the interim pole of 1-, 2-fixed band, 3-matrimony vine tree seedling, 4-secondary major branch elongated shoot, 5-secondary major branch, 6-one-level major branch, 7-trunk.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Shown in Figure 1, the invention provides the shaping and trimming method of a kind of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree, comprise the following steps:
Select healthy and strong straight matrimony vine tree seedling 3, preparation fixed band 2 and interim pole 1, interim pole 1 selects diameter to be 3 ~ 5cm, is highly bamboo pole or the trunk of 2 ~ 2.5m.
S1: shown in Figure 1, sets seedling 3 field planting by matrimony vine, be vertically plant interim pole 1 in 10 ~ 20cm place, use fixed band 2 matrimony vine to be set seedling 3 and fix with interim pole 1, lighten restrictions on every year 1 ~ 2 time in the distance setting seedling 3 with matrimony vine.
S2: shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, matrimony vine is set seedling 3 fixed dry apart from 1.4 ~ 1.6m place, ground, form the trunk 7 of matrimony vine tree, the fixed dry place of matrimony vine tree seedling 3 forms clip, trunk 7 selects 4 ~ 6 annotinous branches mutually staggered, distance between every root annotinous branch and trunk 7 clip is 5 ~ 30cm, and the angle between every root annotinous branch and trunk 7 is 30 ° ~ 45 °; Using 4 ~ 6 annotinous branches of selection all as one-level major branch 6.
S3: by every root one-level major branch 6 cutting back to 20 ~ 30cm, the one-level major branch 6 after cutting back generates some first clip buds, the first all clip blastogenesis, after long 2 ~ 4 months, forms some first side shoots; According to the angle between every root first side shoot and one-level major branch 6, the trim mode determining the first side shoot.
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is less than 30 °, current first side shoot is wiped out.
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is 30 ° ~ 40 °, then select the angle between 5 ~ 8 and one-level major branch 6 be 30 ° ~ 40 ° the first side shoot, as secondary major branch 5, by every root secondary major branch 5 cutting back to 20 ~ 35cm, the cutting back place of every root secondary major branch 5 all generates some second clip buds.
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is greater than 40 °, retain current first side shoot, as the first result branch.
S4: the second all clip blastogenesis is after long 2 ~ 4 months, form some second side shoots, select 1 ~ 2 root distance from secondary major branch 5 top recently and and angle between secondary major branch 5 the second side shoot of being less than 30 °, as secondary major branch elongated shoot 4, every root secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 apart from its base portion 13 ~ 20cm place's pinching;
S5: after trunk 7, one-level major branch 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 grow 1 year, grows some first vertical branch and the 3rd side shoot, wipes out the 3rd side shoots all on all first vertical branch and trunk 7;
Determine all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, angle between secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 and the 3rd side shoot:
Angle between all and one-level major branch 6 angle be less than between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° and secondary major branch 5 angle be less than between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is less than the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° all as strong branch; Wipe out all strong branches;
The angle that to be angle between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° and secondary major branch 5 using the angle between all and one-level major branch 6 be between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is that the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° is all as time strong branch; By all secondary strong branch equal cutting back to 20 ~ 35cm;
Angle between all and one-level major branch 6 is greater than 50 °, angle tiltedly between the 3rd side shoot of raw and sag and secondary major branch 5 is greater than 50 °, angle tiltedly between the 3rd side shoot of raw and sag and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is greater than 50 °, the 3rd side shoot of oblique raw and sag, all as the second result branch, retain the second all result branches;
S6: in the 3rd year winter after field planting matrimony vine tree seedling 3, trunk 7, all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 grow some second vertical branch, wipe out all second vertical branch; Being pruned off by the first all result branches to density is 10 ~ 30/strain, the second all result branches is pruned off to density be 30 ~ 160/strain.
S7: in the 4th year winter after field planting matrimony vine tree seedling 3, remove interim pole 1, trunk 7, all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 all grow some 3rd vertical branch, wipe out all 3rd vertical branch; Being pruned off by the first all result branches to density is 10 ~ 50/strain, the second all result branches is pruned off to density be 40 ~ 200/strain.
The height of the mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree adopting said method to obtain is 1.6 ~ 1.8m, height 1.4 ~ the 1.6m of its trunk 7, on trunk 7, growth has 4 ~ 6 one-level major branches 6, on every root one-level major branch 6, all growth has 5 ~ 8 secondary major branches 5, every root secondary major branch 5 all retains 1 ~ 2 secondary major branch elongated shoot 4; On secondary major branch 5, growth has the first result branch and the second result branch, and on one-level major branch 6 and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4, all growth has some second result branches, and the direction of growth of all first result branches, the second result branch is all perpendicular to the ground.
Every root one-level major branch 6 is 30 ~ 45 ° with trunk 7 angle; Every root secondary major branch 5 is 30 ~ 40 ° with the angle of one-level major branch 6; Every root secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is all less than 30 ° with the angle of secondary major branch 5; The distance at one-level major branch 6 base portion and trunk 7 top is 5 ~ 30cm.
The tree-like of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree of the embodiment of the present invention be mushroom-shaped, and one-level major branch 6, secondary major branch 5 and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 that mushroom-shaped matrimony vine is set form one deck canopy.
Below, by 3 embodiments, the present invention is further illustrated:
Embodiment 1: select diameter to be 3cm, highly for the bamboo pole of 2m is as interim pole 1.
S1: shown in Figure 1, sets seedling 3 field planting by matrimony vine, be vertically plant interim pole 1 in 10cm place, use fixed band 2 matrimony vine to be set seedling 3 and fix with interim pole 1, lighten restrictions on every year 1 time in the distance setting seedling 3 with matrimony vine.
S2: shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, matrimony vine is set seedling 3 fixed dry apart from 1.4m place, ground, obtain matrimony vine tree trunk 7, fixed dry place forms clip, trunk 7 selects 4 annotinous branches mutually staggered, and the angle between every root annotinous branch and trunk 7 is 30 ° ~ 45 °; 4 annotinous branches selected all are respectively 5cm, 7cm, 9cm, 10m as the distance between the base portion of one-level major branch 6,4 one-level major branches 6 and trunk 7 clip.
S3: by every root one-level major branch 6 cutting back to 20cm, the one-level major branch 6 after cutting back generates some first clip buds, the first clip blastogenesis, after long 2 months, forms some first side shoots; According to the angle between every root first side shoot and one-level major branch 6, the trim mode determining the first side shoot:
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is less than 30 °, current first side shoot is wiped out.
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is 30 ° ~ 40 °, then select the angle between 5 and one-level major branch 6 be respectively 30 °, 32 °, 35 °, 37 °, 39 ° the first side shoot, as secondary major branch 5, cutting back 5 secondary major branches 5, after cutting back, the length of secondary major branch 5 is respectively 21cm, 23cm, 26cm, 31cm, 34cm, and the cutting back place of secondary major branch 5 generates some second clip buds.
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is greater than 40 °, retain current first side shoot, as the first result branch.
S4: the second all clip blastogenesis is after long 2 months, form some second side shoots, select 1 root distance from secondary major branch 5 top recently and and angle between secondary major branch 5 the second side shoot of being less than 30 °, as secondary major branch elongated shoot 4, every root secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 apart from its base portion 13cm place's pinching.
S5: after trunk 7, one-level major branch 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 grow 1 year, grows some first vertical branch and the 3rd side shoot, wipes out the 3rd side shoots all on all first vertical branch, trunk.
Determine all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, angle between secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 and the 3rd side shoot.
Angle between all and one-level major branch 6 angle be less than between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° and secondary major branch 5 angle be less than between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is less than the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° all as strong branch; All strong secateurs are removed;
The angle that to be angle between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° and secondary major branch 5 using the angle between all and one-level major branch 6 be between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is that the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° is all as time strong branch; By all equal cutting backs of secondary strong branch to 20cm;
Angle between all and one-level major branch 6 is greater than 50 °, angle tiltedly between the 3rd side shoot of raw and sag and secondary major branch 5 is greater than 50 °, angle tiltedly between the 3rd side shoot of raw and sag and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is greater than 50 °, the 3rd side shoot of oblique raw and sag, all as the second result branch, retain the second all result branches;
S6: in the 3rd year winter after field planting matrimony vine tree seedling 3, trunk 7, all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 grow some second vertical branch, wipe out the second all vertical branch; Being pruned off by first result branch to density is 10/strain, the second result branch is pruned off to density be 160/strain.
S7: in the 4th year winter after field planting matrimony vine tree seedling 3, remove interim pole 1, trunk 7, all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 all grow some 3rd vertical branch, wipe out all 3rd vertical branch; Being pruned off by first result branch to density is 10/strain, the second result branch is pruned off to density be 200/strain.
The height of the mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree adopting said method to obtain is 1.6m, the height 1.4m of its trunk 7, on trunk 7, growth has 4 one-level major branches 6, and on every root one-level major branch 6, all growth has 5 secondary major branches 5, every root secondary major branch 5 all retains 1 secondary major branch elongated shoot 4; On secondary major branch 5, all growth has some first result branches and the second result branch, on one-level major branch 6 and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4, all growth has some second result branches, the direction of growth of all first result branches, the second result branch is all perpendicular to the ground, and every strain mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree includes 10 first result branches, 200 second result branches.
Embodiment 2: select diameter to be 4cm, highly for the bamboo pole of 2.2m is as interim pole 1.
S1: shown in Figure 1, sets seedling 3 field planting by matrimony vine, be vertically plant interim pole 1 in 20cm place, use fixed band 2 matrimony vine to be set seedling 3 and fix with interim pole 1, lighten restrictions on every year 2 times in the distance setting seedling 3 with matrimony vine.
S2: shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, matrimony vine is set seedling 3 fixed dry apart from 1.6m place, ground, obtain the trunk 7 of matrimony vine tree, the fixed dry place of matrimony vine tree seedling 3 forms clip, trunk 7 selects 6 annotinous branches mutually staggered, and the angle between every root annotinous branch and trunk 7 is 30 ° ~ 45 °; 6 annotinous branches selected all are respectively 6cm, 10cm, 12cm, 16cm, 21cm, 25cm, 27cm as the distance between one-level major branch 6,6 one-level major branch 6 base portions and trunk 7 clip.
S3: by every root one-level major branch 6 cutting back to 30cm, the one-level major branch 6 after cutting back generates some first clip buds, the first clip blastogenesis, after long 4 months, forms the first side shoot; According to the angle between every root first side shoot and one-level major branch 6, the trim mode determining the first side shoot.
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is less than 30 °, current first side shoot is wiped out.
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is 30 ° ~ 40 °, then select the angle between 8 and one-level major branch 6 be 30 ° ~ 40 ° the first side shoot, as secondary major branch 5, angle between 8 secondary major branches 5 and one-level major branch 6 is respectively 31 °, 31 ° 32 °, 33 °, 34 °, 36 °, 38 °, 39 °, by the equal cutting back of every root secondary major branch 5 to 35cm, the cutting back place of secondary major branch 5 generates some second clip buds.
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is greater than 40 °, retain current first side shoot, as the first result branch.
S4: the second clip blastogenesis is after long 4 months, form some second side shoots, select 2 distance secondary major branch 5 tops recently and and angle between secondary major branch 5 the second side shoot of being less than 30 °, as secondary major branch elongated shoot 4, angle between 2 secondary major branch elongated shoots 4 and secondary major branch 5 is respectively 15 °, 20 °, every root secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 apart from its base portion 20cm place's pinching.
S5: after trunk 7, one-level major branch 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 grow 1 year, grows some first vertical branch and the 3rd side shoot, wipes out all first vertical branch, wipes out the 3rd side shoots all on trunk;
Determine all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, angle between secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 and the 3rd side shoot:
Angle between all and one-level major branch 6 angle be less than between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° and secondary major branch 5 angle be less than between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is less than the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° all as strong branch; All strong branches are all wiped out;
The angle that to be angle between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° and secondary major branch 5 using the angle between all and one-level major branch 6 be between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is that the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° is all as time strong branch; By all equal cutting backs of secondary strong branch to 28cm;
Angle between all and one-level major branch 6 is greater than 50 °, angle tiltedly between the 3rd side shoot of raw and sag and secondary major branch 5 is greater than 50 °, angle tiltedly between the 3rd side shoot of raw and sag and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is greater than 50 °, the 3rd side shoot of oblique raw and sag, all as the second result branch, retain the second all result branches;
S6: in the 3rd year winter after the field planting of matrimony vine tree seedling 3, trunk 7, all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 grow some second vertical branch, wipe out all second vertical branch; And the first result branch and the second result branch are pruned off, make that the density of the first result branch is 30/strain, the density of the second result branch is 100/strain;
S7: in the 4th year winter after the field planting of matrimony vine tree seedling 3, remove interim pole 1, trunk 7, all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 all grow some 3rd vertical branch, wipe out all 3rd vertical branch; And the first result branch and the second result branch are pruned off, make that the density of the first result branch is 50/strain, the density of the second result branch is 100/strain.
The height of the mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree adopting said method to obtain is 1.8m, the height 1.6m of its trunk 7, on trunk 7, growth has 6 one-level major branches 6, and on every root one-level major branch 6, all growth has 8 secondary major branches 5, every root secondary major branch 5 all retains 2 secondary major branch elongated shoots 4; On secondary major branch 5, growth has some first result branches and the second result branch, and on one-level major branch 6 and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4, all growth has some second result branches, and the direction of growth of all first result branches, the second result branch is all perpendicular to the ground.Every strain mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree includes 50 first result branches and 100 second result branches.
Embodiment 3: select diameter to be 5cm, highly for the bamboo pole of 2.5m is as interim pole 1.
S1: shown in Figure 1, sets seedling 3 field planting by matrimony vine, be vertically plant interim pole 1 in 15cm place, use fixed band 2 matrimony vine to be set seedling 3 and fix with interim pole 1, lighten restrictions on every year 2 times in the distance setting seedling 3 with matrimony vine.
S2: shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, matrimony vine is set seedling 3 fixed dry apart from 1.5m place, ground, obtain matrimony vine tree trunk 7, fixed dry place forms clip, trunk 7 selects 5 annotinous branches mutually staggered, and the angle between every root annotinous branch and trunk 7 is 30 ° ~ 45 °; 5 annotinous branches selected all are respectively 8cm, 15cm, 17cm, 24cm, 30cm as the distance between the base portion of one-level major branch 6,5 one-level major branches 6 and trunk 7 clip.
S3: by every root one-level major branch 6 cutting back to 25cm, the one-level major branch 6 after cutting back generates some first clip buds, the first clip blastogenesis, after long 3 months, forms the first side shoot; According to the angle between every root first side shoot and one-level major branch 6, the trim mode determining the first side shoot.
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is less than 30 °, current first side shoot is wiped out.
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is 30 ° ~ 40 °, the angle between 6 and one-level major branch 6 is then selected to be first side shoot of 30 ° ~ 40 °, to be respectively 30 °, 32 °, 34 °, 35 °, 37 °, 40 ° as the angle of 5,6, secondary major branch between secondary major branch 5 and one-level major branch 6.
By the equal cutting back of every root secondary major branch 5 to 30cm, the cutting back place of secondary major branch 5 generates some second clip buds.
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch 6 is greater than 40 °, retain current first side shoot, as the first result branch.
S4: the second clip blastogenesis is after long 3 months, form some second side shoots, select 1 root distance from secondary major branch 5 top recently and and angle between secondary major branch 5 be second side shoot of 25 °, as secondary major branch elongated shoot 4, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 apart from its base portion 16cm place's pinching;
S5: after trunk 7, one-level major branch 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 grow 1 year, grows some first vertical branch and the 3rd side shoot, wipes out the 3rd side shoots all on all first vertical branch and trunk;
Determine all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, angle between secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 and the 3rd side shoot:
Angle between all and one-level major branch 6 angle be less than between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° and secondary major branch 5 angle be less than between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is less than the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° all as strong branch; All strong secateurs are removed;
The angle that to be angle between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° and secondary major branch 5 using the angle between all and one-level major branch 6 be between the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is that the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° ~ 50 ° is all as time strong branch; By all secondary strong branch cutting backs to 35cm.
Angle between all and one-level major branch 6 is greater than 50 °, angle tiltedly between the 3rd side shoot of raw and sag and secondary major branch 5 is greater than 50 °, angle tiltedly between the 3rd side shoot of raw and sag and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 is greater than 50 °, the 3rd side shoot of oblique raw and sag, all as the second result branch, retain the second all result branches.
In S6: the 3 year winter, trunk 7, all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 grow some second vertical branch, wipe out all second vertical branch; And the first result branch and the second result branch are pruned off, make that the density of the first result branch is 15/strain, the density of the second result branch is 30/strain.
In S7: the 4 year winter, remove interim pole 1, trunk 7, all one-level major branches 6, secondary major branch 5, secondary major branch elongated shoot 4 all grow some 3rd vertical branch, wipe out all 3rd vertical branch; And the first result branch and the second result branch are pruned off, make that the density of the first result branch is 25/strain, the density of the second result branch is 40/strain.
The height of the mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree adopting said method to obtain is 1.7m, the height 1.5m of its trunk 7, on trunk 7, growth has 5 one-level major branches 6, and on every root one-level major branch 6, all growth has 6 secondary major branches 5, every root secondary major branch 5 all retains 1 secondary major branch elongated shoot 4; On secondary major branch 5, growth has the first result branch and the second result branch, and on one-level major branch 6 and secondary major branch elongated shoot 4, all growth has some second result branches, and the direction of growth of all first result branches, the second result branch is all perpendicular to the ground.Every strain mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree includes 25 first result branches and 40 second result branches.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as within protection scope of the present invention.The content be not described in detail in this specification belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (4)
1. a shaping and trimming method for mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A: select and field planting matrimony vine tree seedling (3), fixed dry at distance 1.4 ~ 1.6m place, ground, form the trunk (7) of matrimony vine tree, the fixed dry place of trunk (7) forms clip;
B: field planting matrimony vine tree seedling is after (3) 1 years, at upper selection 4 ~ 6 annotinous branches mutually staggered of trunk (7), distance between the base portion of every root annotinous branch and trunk (7) clip is 5 ~ 30cm, and the angle between every root annotinous branch and trunk (7) is 30 ° ~ 45 °; Using 4 ~ 6 annotinous branches of selection all as one-level major branch (6);
C: by every root one-level major branch (6) cutting back to 20 ~ 30cm, the one-level major branch (6) after cutting back generates some first clip buds, all first clip blastogenesis, after long 2 ~ 4 months, form some first side shoots; According to the angle between every root first side shoot and one-level major branch (6), the trim mode determining the first side shoot:
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch (6) is less than 30 °, current first side shoot is wiped out;
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch (6) is 30 ° ~ 40 °, then select the angle between 5 ~ 8 and one-level major branch (6) be 30 ° ~ 40 ° the first side shoot, as secondary major branch (5), by every root secondary major branch (5) all cutting back to 20 ~ 35cm, the cutting back place of every root secondary major branch (5) all generates some second clip buds;
If the angle between current first side shoot and one-level major branch (6) is greater than 40 °, retain current first side shoot, as the first result branch;
D: all second clip blastogenesis are after long 2 ~ 4 months, form some second side shoots, select 1 ~ 2 root distance from secondary major branch (5) top recently and and angle between secondary major branch (5) the second side shoot of being less than 30 °, as secondary major branch elongated shoot (4), every root secondary major branch elongated shoot (4) apart from its base portion 13 ~ 20cm place's pinching;
E: trunk (7), all one-level major branches (6), secondary major branch (5), secondary major branch elongated shoot (4) growth are after 1 year, all grow some first vertical branch and the 3rd side shoot, wipe out the 3rd all side shoot on all first vertical branch and trunk (7);
Determine all one-level major branches (6), secondary major branch (5), angle between secondary major branch elongated shoot (4) and the 3rd side shoot:
Angle between all and one-level major branch (6) is less than the 3rd side shoot of 30 °, and secondary major branch (5) between angle be less than 30 ° the 3rd side shoot, and secondary major branch elongated shoot (4) between angle be less than the 3rd side shoot of 30 ° all as strong branch; Wipe out all strong branches;
Using the angle between all and one-level major branch (6) be the 3rd side shoot of 30 ~ 50 °, and secondary major branch (5) between angle be 30 ~ 50 ° the 3rd side shoot, and secondary major branch elongated shoot (4) between angle be that the 3rd side shoot of 30 ~ 50 ° is all as time strong branch; By all secondary strong branch equal cutting back to 20 ~ 35cm;
Angle between all and one-level major branch (6) is greater than 50 °, tiltedly raw and sag the 3rd side shoot, with secondary major branch (5) between angle be greater than 50 °, tiltedly raw and sag the 3rd side shoot, be greater than 50 °, the 3rd side shoot of oblique life and sag with the angle between secondary major branch elongated shoot (4), all as the second result branch, retain the second all result branches;
F: the 3rd year winter after field planting matrimony vine tree seedling (3), trunk (7), all one-level major branches (6), secondary major branch (5), secondary major branch elongated shoot (4) all grow some second vertical branch, wipe out the second all vertical branch; Being pruned off by all first result branches to density is 10 ~ 30/strain, all second result branches are pruned off to density be 30 ~ 160/strain;
G: the 4th year winter after field planting matrimony vine tree seedling (3), trunk (7), all one-level major branches (6), secondary major branch (5), secondary major branch elongated shoot (4) all grow some 3rd vertical branch, wipe out all 3rd vertical branch; Being pruned off by the first all result branches to density is 10 ~ 50/strain, the second all result branches is pruned off to density be 40 ~ 200/strain.
2. the shaping and trimming method of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described steps A is further comprising the steps of: select healthy and strong straight matrimony vine tree seedling (3), preparation fixed band (2) and interim pole (1), interim pole (1) of vertically planting apart from matrimony vine tree seedling (3) 10 ~ 20cm place, use fixed band (2) matrimony vine to be set seedling (3) and fix with interim pole (1).
3. the shaping and trimming method of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described interim pole (1) selects diameter to be 3 ~ 5cm, is highly bamboo pole or the trunk of 2 ~ 2.5m.
4. the shaping and trimming method of mushroom-shaped matrimony vine tree as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described step G is further comprising the steps of: remove interim pole (1).
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| CN104303747A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-28 | 王慧 | Method for cultivating lycium ruthenicum in saline and alkaline land |
| CN104303935B (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-11-09 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | A kind of breeding method of the dual-purpose single trunk shape matrimony vine potted landscape of leaf fruit |
| CN104982295A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-10-21 | 贵州省仁怀市雨中花中药材种植有限公司 | Planting method for fast-growing lycium barbarum |
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| CN112136535B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-04-19 | 中宁县百瑞源枸杞产业发展有限公司 | Chinese wolfberry tree pruning method |
| CN112586262A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-02 | 河北省林业和草原科学研究院 | Cultivation method of picked elm |
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Effective date of registration: 20181219 Address after: 430000 Donghu New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 77 Guanggu Avenue, Financial Port Backstage Service Center Phase I, Building A3, Floor 2, 02 Patentee after: Wuhan Yuanwei Network Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 751200 International Wolfberry Trade Center, Zhongning County, Zhongwei City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Patentee before: Zhongning County Wo Qi agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd |
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