CN104322344B - A kind of facility grape two crops a year cultural method setting basin combination - Google Patents
A kind of facility grape two crops a year cultural method setting basin combination Download PDFInfo
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- CN104322344B CN104322344B CN201410447106.6A CN201410447106A CN104322344B CN 104322344 B CN104322344 B CN 104322344B CN 201410447106 A CN201410447106 A CN 201410447106A CN 104322344 B CN104322344 B CN 104322344B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of facility grape two crops a year cultural method setting basin combination.Concrete grammar includes: build vinegrowing frame；Late January, booth membrane sealed carries out forcing culture, and mid-February carries out brokenly dormancy accelerating germination with 2% cyanamide or lime nitrogen liquid, and the first season, fruit was ripe ahead of time.After the first season, uva maturation gathered, blade face is sprayed with abscisic acid, promote fallen leaves, result secateurs stays about 8 full buds of base portion simultaneously, carry out upper and lower girdling at the 4th or the 5th hibernaculum 2 3mm position, and be inserted in flowerpot the root growth point as grape pot, insert substrate, the above branches and tendrils of basin mouth leave 2 hibernaculums and are coated with cyanamide or lime nitrogen, promote the sprouting growth fruit second season.Sprouting bud under flowerpot stays one vigorous branches of base portion to be used as to carry out annual bearing.The facility grape tree basin that the present invention provides combines cultural method, avoids Fructus Vitis viniferae listing peak period, quality better；Fructus Vitis viniferae can increase added value of product as potted plant sale, significantly improve unit are economic benefit after gathering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation of fruit tree method, be specifically related to a kind of facility grape 1 year two setting basin combination
Ripe cultural method.
Background technology
Fructus Vitis viniferae is worth height because of its fruits nutrition, and fresh fruit sugar content is high, and containing the multiple mineral useful to human body
And vitamin, it is loved by the people.Along with people's living standard improves constantly, the demand of high-quality grapes is got over
Coming the most, improve vintage extremely urgent, the per unit area yield especially improving vineyard is even more important.From previous generation
Record the nineties middle and late stage, vitis vinifera the Changjiang river areas to the south use rain shelter cultivation successful after, Portugal
Grape industry quickly grows in this area, and cultivated area expands year by year, and yield also improves constantly so that China is
Through becoming the country that facility grape cultivated area is maximum in the world.In recent years, along with Fructus Vitis viniferae off-season production technology
Extensive application, the most regional in China, utilize facility second fruit cultivation technique, then can make Table Grape
Time To Market be deferred to New Year's Day before and after, the economic benefit at wine-growing family can be significantly improved.
Traditional vinegrowing mainly plants built cultivation based on ground, and most of wine-growing families substantially use
This kind of method.In recent years, grape pot becomes a kind of novel planting patterns, is subject to because it has ornamental value concurrently
The welcome of consumer, enables the customer to taste fresh fruit, simultaneously fruit tree basin while pleasant mental and body
The price of the most common fruit tree seedlings of price planted exceeds several times, is the most gradually favored by more and more plantation families.
The present invention by facility grape tree basin combination by the way of carry out yield two crops a year cultivation so that the first season Fructus Vitis viniferae
On the basis of forcing culture, listing ahead of time, improves income；The second season, Fructus Vitis viniferae flower pot coat was at original fruitful branch
On carry out potted plant, Fructus Vitis viniferae as potted plant sale, thus can increase value-added content of product after gathering, and improves unit
Area economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
Present invention mainly solves technical problem is that on the basis of existing Fructus Vitis viniferae one season cultivates, it is provided that Yi Zhongshu
The two crops a year cultural method that basin combines so that Fructus Vitis viniferae listing ahead of time on the basis of forcing culture first season,
Improve income；The second season, Fructus Vitis viniferae flower pot coat carried out potted plant on original fruitful branch, and Fructus Vitis viniferae can conduct after gathering
Potted plant sale, it is possible to directly band fruit ear is sold, thus increases potted plant added value, reach high-quality, efficiently,
Increase the purpose of unit are economic benefit, be beneficial to popularization and application aborning.
To achieve these goals, the present invention relates to a kind of facility grape two crops a year cultivation side setting basin combination
Method, comprises the following steps:
Build the posture adapting to tree basin combination two crops a year cultivation, away from ground on column high for 1.9m after burying soil
At 1.1m, 1.5m, 1.8m, level sets up 3 root length degree and is respectively the cross-arm of 0.6m, 0.8m, 1.0cm, horizontal
The material of load is angle bar, sets up the coating steel pipe of diameter 2.5cm first cross-arm both sides, at second and third
Root cross-arm two layback sets bracing wire, and is setting two road main drawing lines away from height 0.8m position, ground along column two layback.
First Year, levels land, making ridge；Select suitable Early-mid ripening grape variety, Ba Laduo as black in the summer, red,
Golden finger, huge Flos Rosae Rugosae etc..Determine Rational Determination density in planting, be advisable with line-spacing 3.0m, spacing in the rows 1.2m；After field planting
Seedling carries out pinching when growing into 0.6m, and 4 sublateral shoots sent first end after pinching are along going to colligation respectively
Being fixed on column two layback She bis-road iron wire, along two road iron wires to back growth, limit growth limit colligation is solid
Fixed, these 4 sublateral shoots become 4 major branches of this tree.When major branch grows to about 0.6m, by major branch tip
Pinching, limits its growth, and on major branch, sublateral shoot stays two leaf pinching or removes.When winter cuts, four major branches retain respectively
50cm cut cut, on major branch side shoot base portion rugosity more than 0.8cm stay the full bud cutting back of base portion 2, base portion is thick
Degree removes less than the whole of 0.8cm.
Second Year, late January, builds steelframe booth (single or connection), and booth membrane sealed promotees
Become cultivation, carry out brokenly dormancy accelerating germination mid-February, with cyanamide or lime nitrogen liquid uniform application hibernaculum, breaking dormancy,
Promoting rudiment, the first season, fruit was ripe ahead of time.4～6 leaves are reached when sprouting young sprout growth on major branch or side shoot, can
Find out that inflorescence is how many and during size, each major branch stay the relative golden mean of the Confucian school fruitful branch of base portion two and stays simple inflorescence,
Remove other prosperous fruitful branch or weak fruitful branch；The is carried out when the fruitful branch inflorescence top retained grows to 5～6 leaves
Pinching, begins to spend carry out for first 4～6 days, the sublateral shoot newly grown after pinching, retains one sublateral shoot of tip and continues
Continuing and extend forward, remaining sublateral shoot is removed without exception, carries out second time pinching when tip sublateral shoot grows to 4～5 leaves,
Still retaining one sublateral shoot of tip after pinching to continue to extend forward, remaining sublateral shoot is removed, and later tip sublateral shoot retains
1～2 leaf pinching repeatedly.
Gather in time during the uva maturation first season.After Fructus Vitis viniferae is gathered, spray Fructus Vitis viniferae blade face with abscisic acid, promote
Making fallen leaves, bearing basal shoot is cut and is stayed about 8 full buds of base portion simultaneously, cuts in distance and stays on bearing basal shoot the 4th
Or the 5th hibernaculum 2 3mm position carries out upper and lower girdling, and it is inserted in flowerpot as grape pot root system
Growing point, inserts substrate, and the above branches and tendrils of basin mouth leave 2 hibernaculums and are coated with cyanamide or lime nitrogen, promotes new
The blastogenesis fruit long second season, every basin stays 2 string Fructus Vitis viniferaes.Sprouting bud under flowerpot stays one vigorous branches of base portion to make to carry out annual bearing
With.The first season, fruit per mu yield was 800 900kg, and the second season, fruit per mu yield controlled at about 1200kg.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows the facility grape two crops a year cultural method that the tree basin of offer combines, specifically
Advantage is as follows:
1, Fructus Vitis viniferae first season Time To Market is early, it is to avoid period of maturation high temperature and rainy, and quality better is good in economic efficiency；
2, Fructus Vitis viniferae second season flower pot coat carries out potted plant on original fruitful branch, and Fructus Vitis viniferae can be as potted plant after gathering
Sell, it is possible to directly band fruit ear is sold, thus increases potted plant added value；
3, the complexity of cottage propagation nursery stock is avoided, simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cultivation mode figure of the present invention.
In figure, 1. column, 2. cross-arm (angle bar), 3.2.5cm hot galvanized steel pipe, 4.12# sets hot dip zinc-iron
Silk, 5.10# sets galvanizing iron wire, 6. flowerpot, 7. i shaped steel rib.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Building the posture adapting to tree basin combination two crops a year cultivation, column (1) specification is 2.5m × 0.12 × 0.06m,
It is made up of reinforced concrete, buries the high 1.9m in ground after soil, away from ground 1.1m, 1.5m, 1.8m on column (1)
Place's level sets up 3 root length degree and is respectively the cross-arm (2) of 0.6m, 0.8m, 1.0cm, and the material of cross-arm is angle
Ferrum, sets up the coating steel pipe (3) of diameter 2.5cm first cross-arm (2) both sides, horizontal at second and third root
Carry on a shoulder pole two laybacks and set 12# galvanizing iron wire (4), and set two roads away from height 0.8m position, ground along column two layback
10# galvanizing iron wire (5).
First Year, levels land after spring has set in, organic fertilizer, making ridge planting stock, selects suitable Early-mid ripening Portugal
Grape kind, Ba Laduo as black in the summer, red, golden finger, huge Flos Rosae Rugosae etc..Determine Rational Determination density in planting, with line-spacing
3.0m, spacing in the rows 1.2m are advisable；After rudiment, seedling stays 1 healthy and strong bud vertical bondage growth, treats that it grows to 0.6m
4 sublateral shoots that first end sends are fixed on column both sides along row to colligation respectively after pinching by Shi Jinhang pinching
Drawing on She bis-road 10# galvanizing iron wire (5), along two road iron wires to back growth, limit growth limit colligation is solid
Fixed, these 4 sublateral shoots become 4 major branches of this tree.When major branch grows to about 0.6m, by major branch tip
Pinching, limits its growth, and on major branch, sublateral shoot stays two leaf pinching or removes.When winter cuts, four major branches retain respectively
55cm cut cut, on major branch side shoot base portion rugosity more than 0.8cm stay the full bud cutting back of base portion 2, base portion is thick
Degree removes less than the whole of 0.8cm.
Second Year, late January, builds steelframe booth (single or connection), and booth membrane sealed promotees
Become cultivation, carry out brokenly dormancy accelerating germination mid-February, with 2% cyanamide or lime nitrogen liquid uniform application hibernaculum, break
Dormancy, promotes rudiment, and the first season, fruit was ripe ahead of time.4～6 are reached when sprouting young sprout growth on major branch or side shoot
Leaf, it can be seen that inflorescence is how many and during size, each major branch stays the relative golden mean of the Confucian school fruitful branch of base portion two and stays list
Inflorescence, removes other prosperous fruitful branch or weak fruitful branch；When the fruitful branch inflorescence top retained grows to 5～6 leaves
Carry out pinching for the first time, begin to spend carry out for first 4～6 days, the sublateral shoot newly grown after pinching, retain tip one
Sublateral shoot continues to extend forward, and remaining sublateral shoot is removed without exception, carries out second when tip sublateral shoot grows to 4～5 leaves
Secondary pinching, still retains one sublateral shoot of tip and continues to extend forward after pinching, remaining sublateral shoot is removed, later tip
Sublateral shoot retains 1～2 leaf pinching repeatedly, branch length between 1.2m～1.5m, the branch that grows out or
Sublateral shoot is strapped on the iron wire of three road cross-arms uniformly.
Gather in time during the grape fruit maturation first season.After Fructus Vitis viniferae is gathered, spray Portugal with 300mg/l abscisic acid
Grape blade face, promotes fallen leaves, and result secateurs stays about 8 full buds of base portion simultaneously, cuts in distance and stays fruitful branch
Upper 4th or the 5th hibernaculum 2 3mm position carries out upper and lower girdling, and is inserted in conduct in flowerpot (6)
Grape pot root growth point, a diameter of 25cm of flowerpot；Coating steel pipe at first cross-arm of grape trellis
On uniformly set up i shaped steel rib (7), bar diameter is 6mm, spacing 15cm, and the two ends of reinforcing rod are curved
Song rides on coating steel pipe, prevents landing；Flowerpot is placed on reinforcing rod fixing, is filled with substrate, basin mouth
Above branches and tendrils leave 2 hibernaculums, after leaf abscission, spray 2% cyanamide or lime nitrogen on eye, promote
Make the sprouting growth fruit second season；1 healthy and strong hibernaculum of selecting and remain is cooked fruitful branch, when inflorescence top grows to 5～6 leaves
Carry out pinching for the first time, begin to spend carry out for first 4～6 days, the sublateral shoot newly grown after pinching, retain tip one
Sublateral shoot continues to extend forward, and remaining sublateral shoot is removed without exception, carries out second when tip sublateral shoot grows to 4～5 leaves
Secondary pinching, still retains one sublateral shoot of tip and continues to extend forward after pinching, remaining sublateral shoot is removed, later tip
Sublateral shoot retains 1～2 leaf pinching repeatedly, and branch length controls between 1m～1.2m, the branch grown out
Or sublateral shoot is strapped on the iron wire of second and the 3rd road cross-arm uniformly.Each flowerpot stays 2 string Fructus Vitis viniferaes.
After the second season, grape maturity gathered, being cut by result secateurs bottom flowerpot, flowerpot top can be as basin
Planting and sell, flowerpot bottom branch stays one vigorous branches of base portion to take the brachymedial tip to prune, makees the coming year when pruning in the winter time
Result is used.The first season, fruit per mu yield was 800 900kg, and the second season, fruit per mu yield controlled at about 1200kg.
The present invention and conventional cultivation Efficiency Comparison (as a example by summer Black Grape)
Claims (1)
1. set the facility grape two crops a year cultural method that basin combines for one kind, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) posture adapting to set basin combination two crops a year cultivation is built: column (1) specification is 2.5m × 0.12m × 0.06m, by
Reinforced concrete is made, and buries high 1.9m, level erection 3 at ground 1.1m, 1.5m, 1.8m on column (1) on the ground after soil
Root length degree is respectively the cross-arm (2) of 0.6m, 0.8m, 1.0m, and the material of cross-arm is angle bar, first cross-arm (2) both sides
Set up the coating steel pipe (3) of diameter 2.5cm, set 12# galvanizing iron wire (4) at second and third root cross-arm two layback, and away from
Height 0.8m position, ground sets two roads 10# galvanizing iron wire (5) along column two layback；
(2) First Year pruning: First Year, levels land after spring has set in, organic fertilizer, making ridge planting stock, and it is suitable to select
Early-mid ripening grape variety, determine that Rational Determination density in planting, nursery stock seeding row spacing are 1.2m × 3.0m；After rudiment, seedling stays 1 healthy and strong bud
Vertical bondage growth, carries out pinching when it grows to 0.6m, and 4 sublateral shoots sent first end after pinching are along going to colligation respectively
It is fixed on column two layback She bis-road 10# galvanizing iron wire (5), along two road iron wires to back growth, limit growth limit colligation
Fixing, these 4 sublateral shoots become 4 major branches of this tree, when major branch grows to about 0.6m, by major branch tip pinching, limit
Its growth, on major branch, sublateral shoot stays two leaf pinching or removes；When winter cuts, four major branches retain 55cm respectively and cut and cut, side shoot on major branch
Base portion rugosity stays the full bud cutting back of base portion 2 more than 0.8cm's, and base portion rugosity removes less than the whole of 0.8cm；
(3) Second Year, late January, builds single or a connection steelframe booth, and booth membrane sealed carries out forcing culture,
Carry out brokenly dormancy accelerating germination mid-February, with lime nitrogen liquid or cyanamide uniform application hibernaculum that mass fraction is 2%, breaking dormancy, promote
Entering rudiment, the first season, fruit was ripe ahead of time；Reach 4～6 leaves when sprouting young sprout growth on major branch or side shoot and can find out that inflorescence is how many
During with size, each major branch stay the relative golden mean of the Confucian school fruitful branch of base portion two and stays simple inflorescence, removing other prosperous fruitful branch or weak result
Branch；Carry out pinching for the first time when the fruitful branch inflorescence top retained grows to 5～6 leaves, begin to spend carry out, after pinching for first 4～6 days
The sublateral shoot newly grown, retains one sublateral shoot of tip and continues to extend forward, and remaining sublateral shoot is removed without exception, when tip sublateral shoot grow to 4～
Carrying out second time pinching during 5 leaves, still retain one sublateral shoot of tip and continue to extend forward after pinching, remaining sublateral shoot is removed, after
Tip sublateral shoot retain 1～2 leaf pinching repeatedly, branch length between 1.2m～1.5m, the uniform bondage of branch grown out
On the coating steel pipe that first cross-arm both sides sets up and on the iron wire of second, third root cross-arm both sides erection；
(4) gather in time during grape fruit first season maturation, after Fructus Vitis viniferae is gathered, spray Fructus Vitis viniferae blade face with 300mg/l abscisic acid,
Promoting fallen leaves, result secateurs stays about 8 full buds of base portion simultaneously, cuts in distance and stays the 4th or the 5th hibernaculum on fruitful branch
2-3mm position carries out upper and lower girdling, and is inserted in flowerpot (6) as grape pot root growth point, flowerpot a diameter of
25cm；Uniformly setting up i shaped steel rib (7) on the coating steel pipe of first cross-arm of grape trellis, bar diameter is 6mm,
Spacing 15cm, the bending two ends of reinforcing rod rides on coating steel pipe, prevents landing；Flowerpot is placed on reinforcing rod fixing, fills
Entering substrate, the above branches and tendrils of basin mouth leave 2 hibernaculums, after leaf abscission, spray lime nitrogen or mass fraction is 2% on eye
Cyanamide, promote sprouting growth the second season fruit；1 healthy and strong hibernaculum of selecting and remain is cooked fruitful branch, when inflorescence top grows to 5～6 leaves
Carry out pinching for the first time, begin to spend carry out for first 4～6 days, the sublateral shoot newly grown after pinching, retain one sublateral shoot of tip and continue forward
Extending, remaining sublateral shoot is removed without exception, carries out second time pinching when tip sublateral shoot grows to 4～5 leaves, still retains tip after pinching
One sublateral shoot continues to extend forward, and remaining sublateral shoot is removed, and later tip sublateral shoot retains 1～2 leaf pinching repeatedly, branch length control
System is between 1m～1.2m, and the branch grown out is strapped on the iron wire of second and the 3rd road cross-arm uniformly；Each flowerpot
Stay 2 string Fructus Vitis viniferaes；
(5), after the grape maturity second season is gathered, bottom flowerpot, result secateurs is cut, flowerpot top can as potted plant sale,
Flowerpot bottom branch stays one vigorous branches of base portion to take the brachymedial tip to prune when pruning in the winter time, be used as to carry out annual bearing；The fruit per mu yield first season
For 800-900kg, the second season, fruit per mu yield controlled at about 1200kg.
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| CN201410447106.6A CN104322344B (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2014-09-03 | A kind of facility grape two crops a year cultural method setting basin combination |
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| CN106258779A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-01-04 | 韦炳合 | A kind of double-cropped grape cultivation method |
| CN105028113A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 广西柳城县成霖农业科技有限公司 | Culturing method of grape bonsai |
| CN105210720B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-12-08 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of special cultivating stand of tomato and cultural method |
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| CN105638374B (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2018-05-11 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of pomegranate cultural method |
| CN107548873A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-09 | 镇江市丹徒区荣炳南岗山蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of grape efficient cultivation method |
| CN107548825A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-09 | 镇江市丹徒区荣炳南岗山蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of grape fast seedling-cultivating method |
| CN107567936A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-12 | 镇江市丹徒区荣炳南岗山蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of grape potted landscape cultural method |
| CN108184535B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-12-03 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A method of realize grape pot flowers and fruits with basin |
| CN110268876A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-24 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | The method that the regional grape in a kind of year samming >=20 DEG C breaks dormancy vernalization |
| CN109699390B (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2021-11-19 | 山东省葡萄研究院 | Grape cultivation improvement method based on changing main-vine-free fan-shaped frame into Y-shaped frame |
| CN110679380B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2022-03-29 | 寿光市润宏农业科技有限公司 | Grape cultivation management method |
| CN111165260B (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2021-11-02 | 菏泽学院 | Bird-shaped frame cultivation method for simple cold-shed sunlight rose grapes with four main tendrils in plain |
| CN114175960B (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-01-24 | 新疆林业科学院 | Method for improving space utilization rate and seedling quality of young grapes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101986825A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-23 | 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating potted grapevines |
| CN202455989U (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2012-10-03 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Rain-sheltering shed stand for small arched grape cotes |
| CN102939844B (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-07-17 | 张人帅 | Method for producing grape bonsai in industrialized mode |
| CN203302075U (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-11-27 | 任晓萍 | Folding-type grape shed frame |
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Effective date of registration: 20191226 Address after: Xikang Road, Gulou District of Nanjing city of Jiangsu Province, No. 1 210000 Patentee after: Chen Deyan Address before: 430000 Hubei Province Wuhan Hongshan District Donghu New Technology Development Zone Laowu-Huanghe Highway 206 Huigu Space-time Building 705, 706A Patentee before: Wuhan Tuozhijia Information Technology Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20191226 Address after: 430000 Hubei Province Wuhan Hongshan District Donghu New Technology Development Zone Laowu-Huanghe Highway 206 Huigu Space-time Building 705, 706A Patentee after: Wuhan Tuozhijia Information Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 212400 Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province Hangzhou Ning Jurong City No. 112 Patentee before: ZHENJIANG WANSHANHONGBIAN AGRICULTURE GARDEN |
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| CP02 | Change in the address of a patent holder | ||
| CP02 | Change in the address of a patent holder |
Address after: 241000 No. 3 Wuhu Road, three mountain Economic Development Zone, Anhui, China Patentee after: Chen Deyan Address before: Xikang Road, Gulou District of Nanjing city of Jiangsu Province, No. 1 210000 Patentee before: Chen Deyan |