CN103636454A - Double-cropping cultivation method of grapes - Google Patents
Double-cropping cultivation method of grapes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-cropping cultivation method of grapes. The method comprises routine management in an open field during a culturing and growing period, temperature, humidity, lighting and nutrient and water management in a sunlight greenhouse, growth regulation and control of branches, leaves, flowers, fruits and roots, as well as routine cultivation and management techniques. Premature grape varieties with fast flower bud differentiation, strong repeated fruiting capability, high and stable yield and high disease resistance are selected; trimming, bud promotion, as well as pinching and lateral shoot processing of first-crop fruit and second-crop fruit are performed for matching; lateral shoot processing and spike determination management are performed on the second-crop fruit; and more than two times of fruiting in one year is achieved through a comprehensive management technology of forced pinching and lateral shoot processing. According to the method, grapes are cultivated in semiarid areas in western part of Liaoning province in the north, two times of fruiting in one year are achieved, a use mode for land cultivation of the grapes in the north is changed, and the grape yield is increased by more than two times; the land use capability is doubled, and appreciation of land value is maximized; and product quality, yield, economic benefit and safety of the grapes are better than the grapes cultivated under natural conditions and in a traditional sunlight greenhouse.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production culture technique field of grape, particularly the cultivation method of twice fruit of 1 year knot of a kind of grape.
Background technology
Western part of Asia area, grape original producton location, most of vineyard is distributed between north latitude 20～52 degree and between south latitude 30～45 degree in the world, and the overwhelming majority is on the Northern Hemisphere.Chinese Grape is many between north latitude 30～43 degree.Grape industry is in the existing significant progress of China in recent years, and area under cultivation is large, and output is high.Because grape is the fruit tree of unique several times a year result in deciduous fruit tree, but reasonably do not utilized on producing, all do not have match technology means to promote both at home and abroad.Rationally utilize the several times a year habit of result of grape, can increase the yield per unit area, extend and regulate the fresh fruit supply phase, increase the economic benefit of greenhouse culture.
Utilize the existing research of summer bud second fruiting technology of same strain grape branches and tendrils, but the commodity of the fruit quality of summer bud second fruiting is poor, the output of two times result is on the low side, and per mu yield only has 1000Kg left and right, and economic benefit is only slightly improved than traditional plastic greenhouse culture technique; The problems such as regrowth hair grape not only yields poorly, and exists rudiment irregular, and fruit quality is poor, and region poor repeatability, be difficult to reach expection ripe object more than a year, so this technology is not widely applied always in the cultivation of other region.< < Xinjiang agricultural science and technology > > the 3rd phase in 2008 " the branches and tendrils management of greenhouse, a Turfan grape " literary composition is pointed out: the branches and tendrils management of greenhouse grape " comprises and promotes rudiment, bud picking, the thin tip, flower thinning order and inflorescence shaping etc.Wherein promote rudiment, in greenhouse culture, promote grape to shift to an earlier date rudiment, send out branch, bloom, result, maturation, gather, and promote the core that grape shifts to an earlier date rudiment to only have the early rudiment could be early ripe, generally in mid-December, start to heat up, force grape to finish dormancy; And the major measure of rudiment is in advance to take off curtain to heat up.But this technology also falls flat, therefore also fail to be widely applied.How to utilize open country or sun glasshouse to produce grape at 1 year twice and can obtain higher output and benefit again, and can, in the viticulture new technology of Spring Festival Table Grape listing, be a technical barrier producing Table Grape, improve land utilization rate, increase farmers' income all the time.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to overcome the problem that prior art exists, the cultivation method of twice fruit of 1 year knot of a kind of grape is provided.
The object of the invention is to realize by following technical proposals: the cultivation method of twice fruit of 1 year knot of a kind of grape, comprise temperature, humidity, illumination, rich water quality management in outdoor cropping Routine Management in vegetative period, sun glasshouse, the regulation and control of branches and leaves flowers and fruits root growth and conventional cultivation administrative skill, it is characterized in that: select flower bud differentiation fast, repeatedly strong, the stable high yield of bearing capacity, the early-ripening grape kind that premunition is strong, coordinate to prune short bud, repeatedly pinching and the secondary comprehensive management technology of slightly processing, its cultivation method is:
1) bud picking surely slightly: outdoor cropping is annual April, greenhouse culture heated up and reaches 15～23 ℃ at 30～40 days from greenhouse January, grape bud starts bud picking and determines slightly while starting to sprout, accessory bud, geminate teeth, weak bud and the overstocked bud of when bud expands exhibition page, erasing and sprouting, while newly slightly growing to 4-5cm, according to output, determine slightly, remove overstocked branch slightly, slightly weak, grape branches and tendrils are controlled equably in frame face, and are removed at any time tendril;
2) just stubble fruit pinching and pair are slightly processed: bud picking 20～25 days is after a while initial bloom stage surely, now fruit bearing shoot or the vegetative shoot of first stubble fruit are carried out to pinching, selection result branch or vegetative shoot pinching are according to its growing way, with the strong selection pinching of growing way, just the fruit bearing shoot inflorescence of stubble fruit stays 6～8 leaf pinching above; Vegetative shoot carries out pinching with intensity and rugosity, and enriching shoot is climing stays 10～12 leaf pinching, and middle branch stays 7～9 leaf pinching, and weak branch stays 5～7 leaf pinching; Pair on result branches and tendrils is erase all slightly, only stays two of the tops pairs slightly as sprouting hibernaculum, and first batch of fruit gathered after cultivation starts 3～4 months;
3) pinching of second batch of fruit and pair are slightly processed: just stubble fruit bearing shoot pinching 15～20 days, when just stubble fruit grain length is to beans size, remove 2 pairs of top pumping and send, newly send 1～2 hibernaculum topmost will sprout second batch of fruit of knot, first batch of fruit and second batch of fruit interval of gathering is 60～80 days;
If what select during just stubble fruit pinching is vegetative shoot pinching, just the vegetative shoot pinching of bearing basal shoot is stayed to three to four leaf cutting backs after 15～20 days, first, second hibernaculum after 5～8 days under clip starts to sprout, the second batch of fruit of branch knot sprouting, for warmer climate, sublateral shoot is repeatedly sprouted, and utilizes repeatedly result of sublateral shoot 1 year;
4) second batch of fruit pair sent management: after the hibernaculum of second batch of fruit of knot sprouts, each eye comprises 2 above buds, has main bud and accessory bud, removes accessory bud, retains main bud; The branch of second batch of fruit of knot also carries out pinching before spending, and inflorescence stays three to four leaf pinching repeatedly above, and the following pair of inflorescence is sent erase all;
5) determine fringe: strong and weak according to grapevine seedling size and tree vigo(u)r, according to load capacity and average fringe, heavily determine spike number, first batch of every per mu yield of fruit is controlled at 2500～3000kg, and second batch of fruit is controlled at 1500～2000kg, and the output for the second time of take is stayed fringe as 40～50% designs of output for the first time.
Described utilize sublateral shoot several times a year the method for result be: select early-ripening grape kind that bearing capacity is strong before blooming 15～20 days, fruit bearing shoot is stayed after 4～6 leaf pinching, 1～2 sublateral shoot is sprouted on short top, and all the other are erased, and make it to form inflorescence initial body; During long 5～6 leaves of sublateral shoot, stay 1～2 leaf pinching by force; After pinching, there is again secondary sublateral shoot, when long 3～4 leaves, stay 1 pinching; Three times sublateral shoot is processed equally, and through repeatedly pinching processing, sublateral shoot is result several times a year.
Described flower bud differentiation is fast, and repeatedly strong, the stable high yield of bearing capacity, the early-ripening grape kind that premunition is strong are seedless, the seedless Cold boiled chicken heart in Venus seedless, Audi Asia, 87-1 class early-maturing variety.
The present invention is twice fruit of 1 year knot of sun glasshouse's cultivating grape, can adopt artificial fallen leaves to force and sprout then twice fruit of young sprout knot: 8～September in fruit picking for the first time after 15～20 days, branches and tendrils are sprayed to lime sulfur or 1～5% penta sodium pentachlorophenate of 3～5 Baume degrees, make leaf abscission, make to sprout then young sprout, yield positive results, at early and middle ten days fruit maturation in December.
The inventor utilizes 13 Greenhouses grape of planting for 2002, Second Year grape in the full bearing period has started to carry out the grapevine knot regrowth hair fruit cultivation experiments of 3 years, the efficiency cultivation technology for high of exploring 2 fruits of 1 year results of grape, has improved yield per unit area and economic benefit significantly.Within 2005, utilize 26.5 mu of ground, 9 vineyaries start to test the technical management measures of twice fruit of 1 year knot of grape.
Open country grape for the first time fruit is gathered for 7 the end of month, and fruit is gathered for 9 the end of month for the second time, selects flower bud differentiation fast simultaneously, repeatedly strong, the stable high yield of bearing capacity, the early-ripening grape kind that premunition is strong.The collecting time of twice of Greenhouse fruit can be selected at random with market, for the first time can 5,6,7, the design of gathering by the moon, and for the second time can 11,12, the design of gathering in January; Can in 20～May 10 April, gather by first batch of fruit the earliest, average every per mu yield 2426kg, second batch of fruit gathered 10～25 June, average every mu (666.7m
2) output 1032kg, than outdoor cropping, increase by 3～4 times of economic benefits, than greenhouse, only tying one batch of fruit increases by 8300 yuan of economic benefits.
The present invention cultivates grape in northern Semiarid Areas of Western Liaoning Province, realize twice fruit of 1 year knot, has changed northern area soil cultivating grape occupation mode, makes vintage improve more than two times; Land utilization rate doubles, and realizes the maximization of land increment; The quality of product, output, benefit and safety aspect are all better than under natural conditions the grape of cultivation and traditional sun glasshouse's cultivation.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described.
One, greenhouse standard
Long 70～the 80m of booth thing, wall body brick soil structure, thickness is 1.5m; Canopy face framework of steel reinforcement, rise 3.2～3.5m; Greenhouse grape planting furrow is apart from according to 2.5m, and every ditch carries two row, little line-spacing 0.8 * 0.5m, north and south row to, ditching fertilising is planted.
Two, outdoor cropping standard and planting technique
Open country grape planting furrow is apart from 3.0m, and every ditch carries two row, little line-spacing 0.8 * 0.5m, and north and south row is planted to, ditching fertilising.
1, the ditching of whole ground with use sufficient base fertilizer: the ditching of whole ground.Before planting, level land, by definite row to and line-spacing, dig planting furrow, 80～100 centimetres of furrow widths, 60～80 centimetres of ditch depths.During ditching, should note table soil and cubsoil pile up separately.Use sufficient base fertilizer, execute 3000～4000 kilograms of decomposed manures for every mu, 100 kilograms, phosphate fertilizer.Base fertilizer is granted in planting furrow, minute two-layer executing, and clay fertilizer combination, cubsoil fills in bottom, and table soil fills in furrow face.
2, plant optimum period March early and middle ten days be that temperature gos up to grape rudiment first half of the month for planting optimum period.
3, seeding row spacing is large, and the kind of the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school should adopt diesis V-arrangement.
4, method for planting: dig shallow cave according to definite distance between rows and hills, nursery stock is vertically put into cave, make root system full extension in cave, be uniformly distributed; During ridging, first by half earth culture on root system, then nursery stock is up carried gently, soil is fully entered between root system, then will remain on earth culture, track tramping having peace of mind, water permeable.
Three, grape variety
Different grape varieties repeatedly bearing capacity and first batch of fruit have certain difference the period of gathering, should select mid-early maturity Franco-american, because their flower bud differentiation are fast, repeatedly bearing capacity is strong, stable high yield, premunition are strong, as early-ripening grape kinds such as Venus seedless, seedless, the seedless Cold boiled chicken heart in Audi Asia, 87-1.
Four, cultivation posture
1, single hedge frame: be south-north direction, one hedge frame of a line grape.Hedge frame height is 1.6～2 meters, draws 4 road iron wires on frame, and per pass iron wire is at a distance of 0.5 meter.First iron wire should be apart from ground 0.6～0.8 meter, can alleviate so the susceptible degree of this road iron wire blade, fruit.
2, frame: canopy face is parallel to the ground, at a distance of 4 meters of left and right, at about 1.8 meters places overhead, is 40 centimetres of cloth iron wire grids by the length of side in length and breadth between mast, and the mast of periphery is answered outward-dipping 30 ° of left and right, and fixes with iron wire.
3, diesis V-type frame: 100～110 centimetres of entablatures, bundle is on the mast of 160 centimeters overhead, and 60～65 centimetres of sills, prick on the mast of 110 centimeters overhead, at twice crossbeam, from limit 5 centimeters, make a call in an aperture, from hole, pass and respectively draw one iron wire; On 80 centimeters mast both sides overhead, draw twice bottom iron wire, form the posture of diesis six road iron wires.
4, in greenhouse, can adopt messenger wire to draw and hold up, reduce shading.
Five, administrative skill is pruned in cultivation
1, bud picking surely slightly: outdoor cropping is annual April, greenhouse culture heated up and reaches 18～23 ℃ about 1 month from greenhouse at the beginning of 1 month, grape bud starts bud picking and determines slightly while starting to sprout, accessory bud, geminate teeth, weak bud and the overstocked bud of generally when bud expands exhibition page, erasing and sprouting, when newly slightly growing to about 5cm, according to output, determine slightly, remove overstocked branch slightly, slightly weak, grape branches and tendrils are controlled equably in frame face, and are removed at any time tendril.
2, just stubble fruit pinching and pair are slightly processed: bud picking 20～25 days is after a while initial bloom stage surely, now the fruit bearing shoot of first stubble fruit or vegetative shoot (also claiming the i.e. fruit bearing shoot of second batch of fruit of preparation branch) are carried out to pinching, selection result branch or vegetative shoot pinching are according to its growing way, with the strong selection pinching of growing way, just the fruit bearing shoot inflorescence of stubble fruit stays 6～8 leaf pinching above; Vegetative shoot carries out pinching with intensity and rugosity, and enriching shoot is climing stays 10～12 leaf pinching, and middle branch stays 7～9 leaf pinching, and weak branch stays 5～7 leaf pinching; For guaranteeing that first batch of fruit bears fruit well, the pair on result branches and tendrils is erase all slightly, only stays two of the tops pairs slightly as sprouting hibernaculum; First batch of fruit gathered after cultivation starts 3～4 months.Conventionally the first stubble fruit of open country grape really gathers at 7 the end of month for the first time, and fruit is gathered for 9 the end of month for the second time; The collecting time of twice, greenhouse fruit can be selected at random with market, for the first time can be by 5,6,7, the design of gathering by the moon, and for the second time can be by 11,12, the design of gathering in January; First batch of fruit can be gathered the earliest between 20～May 10 April.
Six, facilitate the grape administrative skill of result for the second time
1, second batch of fruit pinching and pair are slightly processed: in just stubble fruit bearing shoot pinching approximately 15 days, when just stubble fruit grain length is to beans size, removing 2 pairs of top pumping sends, newly send 1～2 hibernaculum topmost will sprout second batch of fruit of knot, first batch of fruit and second batch of fruit interval of gathering is 60～80 days;
If 2 what select when just stubble fruit pinching is vegetative shoot pinching, just the vegetative shoot pinching of bearing basal shoot is stayed to three to four leaf cutting backs after 15 days, first, second hibernaculum after about 5 days under clip starts to sprout, the branch knot of sprouting is fruit for the second time, for warmer climate, sublateral shoot is repeatedly sprouted, and utilizes repeatedly result of sublateral shoot 1 year;
3, the sublateral shoot technology of result several times a year: west of Liaoning district warmer climate, vegetative period is long, bud tool prematurity, sublateral shoot is repeatedly sprouted, and inflorescence initial body easily forms, and can bring out several times a year result of grape.Utilize 1 year caulocarpic method of energy of sublateral shoot to be: to select the early-ripening grape kind that bearing capacity is strong, select kind as Ju Feng, white banana etc., before blooming 15～20 days, fruit bearing shoot is stayed after 4～6 leaf pinching, 1～2 sublateral shoot is sprouted on short top, all the other are erased, and make it to form inflorescence (result fringe) initial body; During long 5～6 leaves of sublateral shoot, stay 1～2 leaf pinching by force; After pinching, there is again secondary sublateral shoot, when long 3～4 leaves, stay 1 pinching; Three times sublateral shoot is processed equally, and through repeatedly pinching processing, sublateral shoot is result several times a year.
4, second batch of fruit pair sent management: after the hibernaculum of second batch of fruit of knot sprouts, each eye comprises 2 above buds, has main bud and accessory bud, removes accessory bud, retains main bud; The branch of second batch of fruit of knot also carries out pinching before spending, and inflorescence stays three to four leaf pinching repeatedly above, and the following pair of inflorescence is sent erase all.
5, determine fringe: strong and weak according to grapevine seedling size and tree vigo(u)r, according to load capacity and average fringe, heavily determine spike number, general first batch of every per mu yield of fruit is controlled at 2500～3000kg, and second batch of fruit is controlled at 1500～2000kg.Take the seedless Cold boiled chicken heart and Venus seedless is example, and five or six fringes are stayed in first batch of every strain of fruit of the Cold boiled chicken heart in the full bearing period, and second batch of fruit stays four or five fringes; First batch of fruit of Venus seedless stays seven or eight fringes, and second batch of fruit stays five or six fringes; If stay fruit too much fruit ear diminish, quality declines, shoot maturation degree is poor will affect lower annual production, general take that output is for the second time output for the first time 40～50% design and stay fringe.
Seven, artificial fallen leaves force and sprout then twice fruit of young sprout year knot
Twice fruit of 1 year knot of sun glasshouse's cultivating grape, can adopt artificial fallen leaves to force and sprout then twice fruit of young sprout knot, artificial fallen leaves are tied then twice fruit and must in sun glasshouse, be implemented, concrete grammar is: in 8～September in fruit picking for the first time after 15～20 days, prune by force pinching or lime sulfur or 1～5% penta sodium pentachlorophenate to branches and tendrils sprinkling 3～5 Baume degrees, make leaf abscission, now because temperature is very high, make to sprout then young sprout, yield positive results, at early and middle ten days fruit maturation in December; 1 year second fruiting of grape, particularly second batch of fruit florescence really intersect growth with first batch, and this phase fertilizer requirement is larger, should supplement in time nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, makes rich water quality management catch up with in time growth demand.
Eight, HORMONE TREATMENT
Nutrient for plants, can further improve vintage and quality, according to the biological property of grape and physilogical characteristics, in the good vineyard of normal time managerial skills, uses 4～5 economic benefit the bests, with four times, uses be respectively the period of nutrient for plants:
The 1st time: young sprout vegetative period, supplement the nutrients, impel floral organ to reach full growth, reduce incomplete flower, overcome floral organ because nutrient is not enough, depauperation causes colored and unreal or seriously comes off, for improving fruit-setting rate, lay a solid foundation.
The 2nd time: in flowering stage, grape full-bloom stage, with 30-40mg/L gibberellin or than the grand fruit ear that soaks of effect, spends within latter 20 days, spray fruit ear once again, remove fruitlet grain simultaneously, adjust fruit intergranular distance, fruit grain is evenly distributed, general large fringe really stays 80 left and right, middle fringe really stays 60 left and right, and small ear really stays 50 left and right, can increase fruit ear and improve output, strengthen pollination and fertility simultaneously, can significantly improve fruit-setting rate, to the pollen tube growth kind such as huge peak slowly, act on more obvious especially.But should note dredging in time, remove too much fruit grain, make whole fruit ear fruit grain evenly neat.
The 3rd time: the Berry Growth phase, this one-phase is the critical period that forms output and quality, at two, expanding peak period uses, improve the physiological function of blade, accelerate light and speed, promote accumulation, the conversion of photosynthetic product in fruit grain, impel fruit grain early expand, early painted, early ripe, reach the object of high yield, precocity, high-quality.
The 4th: the berry maturing stage, when plucking, grape wish uses, can Delaying Leaf-Senescence, make it keep higher physiological function, postpone fallen leaves, make branch fully ripe, tree vigo(u)r is recovered, and this is particularly important to high yield garden, weak arboretum.For guaranteeing that secondary grape gathers in time, it is identical with first batch of fruit that second batch of fruit applied HORMONE TREATMENT, and the ethrel that can spray 1000 times before gathering accelerates the ripening.
Nine, granule really prevents
Anti-upper grape produces granule really following methods:
1, the florescence is strengthened rich water quality management: guarantee to begin to spend rear " critical period of nutrition of bearing fruit " and " seed development critical period of nutrition " to have sufficient nutrient.
2, florescence pollination:,, connect and spray 2～3 times every 1 0.2% borax soln of spray in 7 days to full-bloom stage at grape initial bloom stage, promote pollen tube calabash to send out, improve insemination rate.
3, strengthening the summer cuts: at flower to the full-bloom stage that begins, carry out fruit bearing shoot pinching, whole sides sublateral shoot of simultaneously erasing, only stays 1, top sublateral shoot, after 7 days, again top sublateral shoot is stayed to 1～2 leaf pinching, if sprout sublateral shoot 2 times, erases in time again.
4, manually pinch fringe point: within 2～3 days before blooming, pluck 1/5～1/4 of Hua Sui; Spend first 5～7 days, carrying out along in fringe, remove the secondary fringe by cob base portion, spend the front fringe point that goes 1/3～1/5 of pinching according to fruit ear size.
Ten, rich water quality management and other
Because grape needs potash fertilizer higher than other fruit tree, general every production 100kg fresh fruit needs purity nitrogen 0.5kg, pure phosphorus 0.5kg, potassium 1.1kg.Particularly second batch of the grape fruit florescence really intersects growth with first batch, and this phase fertilizer requirement is larger, should supplement in time nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, general every mu (667m
2) mend and execute urea 30～40kg, diammonium phosphate 15～20kg; After second batch of fruit gathered, execute high-quality farmyard manure 5000～8000kg for every mu, after each fertilising, pour water immediately.
The extermination of disease and insect pest with put prevention first, before dormancy and respectively spray the lime sulfur of 3～5 Baume degrees Be before heating up, note integrated control and the safe pest controlling of other phenophase damage by disease and insect of grape simultaneously, after second batch of fruit gathered, should remain on 7 ℃ of following dormancy 700 hours.
Claims (4)
1. a grape is tied the cultivation method of twice fruit for 1 year, comprise temperature, humidity, illumination, rich water quality management in outdoor cropping Routine Management in vegetative period, sun glasshouse, the regulation and control of branches and leaves flowers and fruits root growth and conventional cultivation administrative skill, it is characterized in that: select flower bud differentiation fast, repeatedly strong, the stable high yield of bearing capacity, the early-ripening grape kind that premunition is strong, coordinate to prune short bud, repeatedly pinching and the secondary comprehensive management technology of slightly processing, its cultivation method is:
1) bud picking surely slightly: outdoor cropping is annual April, greenhouse culture heated up and reaches 15～23 ℃ at 30～40 days from greenhouse January, grape bud starts bud picking and determines slightly while starting to sprout, accessory bud, geminate teeth, weak bud and the overstocked bud of when bud expands exhibition page, erasing and sprouting, while newly slightly growing to 4-5cm, according to output, determine slightly, remove overstocked branch slightly, slightly weak, grape branches and tendrils are controlled equably in frame face, and are removed at any time tendril;
2) just stubble fruit pinching and pair are slightly processed: bud picking 20～25 days is after a while initial bloom stage surely, now fruit bearing shoot or the vegetative shoot of first stubble fruit are carried out to pinching, selection result branch or vegetative shoot pinching are according to its growing way, with the strong selection pinching of growing way, just the fruit bearing shoot inflorescence of stubble fruit stays 6～8 leaf pinching above; Vegetative shoot carries out pinching with intensity and rugosity, and enriching shoot is climing stays 10～12 leaf pinching, and middle branch stays 7～9 leaf pinching, and weak branch stays 5～7 leaf pinching; Pair on result branches and tendrils is erase all slightly, only stays two of the tops pairs slightly as sprouting hibernaculum, and first batch of fruit gathered after cultivation starts 3～4 months;
3) pinching of second batch of fruit and pair are slightly processed: just stubble fruit bearing shoot pinching 15～20 days, when just stubble fruit grain length is to beans size, remove 2 pairs of top pumping and send, newly send 1～2 hibernaculum topmost will sprout second batch of fruit of knot, first batch of fruit and second batch of fruit interval of gathering is 60～80 days;
If what select during just stubble fruit pinching is vegetative shoot pinching, just the vegetative shoot pinching of bearing basal shoot is stayed to three to four leaf cutting backs after 15～20 days, first, second hibernaculum after 5～8 days under clip starts to sprout, the second batch of fruit of branch knot sprouting, for warmer climate, sublateral shoot is repeatedly sprouted, and utilizes repeatedly result of sublateral shoot 1 year;
4) second batch of fruit pair sent management: after the hibernaculum of second batch of fruit of knot sprouts, each eye comprises 2 above buds, has main bud and accessory bud, removes accessory bud, retains main bud; The branch of second batch of fruit of knot also carries out pinching before spending, and inflorescence stays three to four leaf pinching repeatedly above, and the following pair of inflorescence is sent erase all;
5) determine fringe: strong and weak according to grapevine seedling size and tree vigo(u)r, according to load capacity and average fringe, heavily determine spike number, first batch of every per mu yield of fruit is controlled at 2500～3000kg, and second batch of fruit is controlled at 1500～2000kg, and the output for the second time of take is stayed fringe as 40～50% designs of output for the first time.
2. grape according to claim 1 is tied the cultivation method of twice fruit for 1 year, it is characterized in that: described utilize sublateral shoot several times a year the method for result be: select early-ripening grape kind that bearing capacity is strong before blooming 15～20 days, fruit bearing shoot is stayed after 4～6 leaf pinching, 1～2 sublateral shoot is sprouted on short top, all the other are erased, and make it to form inflorescence initial body; During long 5～6 leaves of sublateral shoot, stay 1～2 leaf pinching by force; After pinching, there is again secondary sublateral shoot, when long 3～4 leaves, stay 1 pinching; Three times sublateral shoot is processed equally, and through repeatedly pinching processing, sublateral shoot is result several times a year.
3. grape according to claim 1 is tied the cultivation method of twice fruit for 1 year, it is characterized in that: described flower bud differentiation is fast, repeatedly strong, the stable high yield of bearing capacity, the early-ripening grape kind that premunition is strong are seedless, the seedless Cold boiled chicken heart in Venus seedless, Audi Asia, 87-1 class early-maturing variety.
4. grape according to claim 1 is tied the cultivation method of twice fruit for 1 year, it is characterized in that: twice fruit of 1 year knot of sun glasshouse's cultivating grape, can adopt artificial fallen leaves to force and sprout then twice fruit of young sprout knot: 8～September in fruit picking for the first time after 15～20 days, branches and tendrils are sprayed to lime sulfur or 1～5% penta sodium pentachlorophenate of 3～5 Baume degrees, make leaf abscission, make to sprout then young sprout, yield positive results, at early and middle ten days fruit maturation in December.
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