CN103518005B - 用于气体输送的方法和设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本文揭示了用于气体输送的方法和设备。在一些实施例中,气体输送系统包括:安瓿,该安瓿用于储存固态或液态前驱物;第一导管,该第一导管耦接至该安瓿且该第一导管具有耦接至第一气源第一末端,以将前驱物的蒸气从安瓿中抽取到第一导管中;第二导管,该第二导管在位于安瓿下游的第一接合处耦接至第一导管且该第二导管具有第一末端和第二末端,该第一末端耦接至第二气源而该第二末端耦接至处理腔室;和热源,该热源配置成加热安瓿和从安瓿至第二导管的第一导管的至少第一部分,以及加热第二导管的仅第二部分,其中该第二导管的第二部分包括第一接合处。
Description
技术领域
本发明的实施例大体涉及用于气体输送的方法和设备,且更特定而言,本发明的实施例涉及具有低蒸气压的气体的输送。
背景技术
将固态或液态的低蒸气压前驱物(precursor)远程输送至处理腔室需要加热安瓿(ampoule)和长气管线,该安瓿容纳低蒸气压前驱物,该长气管线将汽化的低蒸气压前驱物载运至处理腔室,以例如使基板暴露给该前驱物。然而,长气管线的加热/隔离易失败且经常难以保持。此外,发明人注意到前驱物的远程输送还可能具有慢反应速率,据信该慢反应速率归因于管线体积和来自安瓿的前驱物的有限流动速率。发明人已进一步注意到这种加热输送系统还需要上游质量流量控制器(MFC)以控制气体流动速率,以避免该MFC内部的任何凝结问题。然而,将MFC定位于安瓿的上游使得该安瓿对下游压力波动很敏感,这影响前驱物的输送准确度。
因此,发明人在此提供用于低蒸气压前驱物的气体输送的改良方法和设备。
发明内容
本文揭示了用于气体输送的方法和设备。在一些实施例中,气体输送系统包括安瓿,该安瓿用于储存固态或液态前驱物;第一导管,该第一导管耦接至该安瓿,且该第一导管具有耦接至第一气源第一末端,以将该前驱物的蒸气从安瓿中抽取到该第一导管中;第二导管,该第二导管在位于该安瓿下游的第一接合处耦接至该第一导管,且该第二导管具有第一末端和第二末端,该第一末端耦接至第二气源且该第二末端耦接至处理腔室;和热源,该热源配置成加热该安瓿以及从该安瓿至该第二导管的该第一导管的至少第一部分,以及加热该第二导管的仅第二部分,其中该第二导管的第二部分包括该第一接合处。
在一些实施例中,将前驱物输送至处理腔室的方法包括以下步骤:当使第一气体流动时,汽化前驱物以在第一加热容积中形成浓缩前驱物气体混合物;在第二加热容积中将该浓缩前驱物气体混合物与第二气体混合以形成稀释前驱物气体混合物,其中在大约25摄氏温度下,稀释前驱物气体混合物中的前驱物的分压小于该前驱物的蒸气压;和使稀释前驱物气体混合物经由非加热的第三容积流动至处理腔室。
本发明的其他和进一步的实施例描述如下。
附图说明
以上简略概述和以下更详细论述的本发明的实施例可通过参阅附图描绘的本发明的说明性实施例来理解。然而应注意,这些附图仅图示本发明的典型实施例,因此不视为限制本发明的范围,因为本发明可允许其他等效的实施例。
图1A至图1B描绘根据本发明的一些实施例的气体输送系统。
图2A至图2B描绘根据本发明的一些实施例的用于容纳和汽化前驱物的替代设备。
图3描绘根据本发明的一些实施例的输送前驱物的方法的流程图。
为了促进理解,已经尽可能使用相同的附图标记表示各附图中共有的相同元件。这些附图并非按比例绘制且可能为了清晰而有所简化。预期一个实施例的元件和特征结构在无进一步叙述的情况下可以有利地并入其他实施例中。
具体实施方式
本文揭示了用于气体输送的方法和设备。本发明的方法和设备有利地提供了在高效率和输送精确性下对固态或液态的低蒸气压前驱物的汽化,同时减少了能量输入成本并提高了输送速率。例如,本发明的气体输送系统实施例可需要仅加热载运汽化前驱物的导管的一部分。此外,由于在输送期间前驱物发生凝结的有限可能性,本发明的气体输送系统的一些实施例有利地考虑到将诸如质量流量控制器或类似装置的流量控制装置设置在汽化前驱物的下游。以下论述本发明的方法和设备的其他和进一步的实施例以及优势。
图1A至图1B描绘根据本发明的至少一些实施例的气体输送系统100。气体输送系统100可包括用于储存固态或液态前驱物的安瓿102。例如,前驱物可以是用于诸如沉积工艺或类似工艺中的任何适合的低蒸气压前驱物。示例性前驱物可包括二氯硅烷(DCS)、三氯硅烷(TCS)、四氯化碳(CCl4)或类似物。第一导管104可耦接至安瓿102。第一导管104可包括耦接至第一气源108的第一末端106。如图1A中所示,第一气源108设置在安瓿102的上游。第一导管104可用来将前驱物的蒸气自安瓿抽取至第一导管104中。
举例而言,如图2A至图2B中所示,第一导管104的各种实施例是可能的。例如,当使用液态前驱物时,第一导管104可耦接至安瓿102以便第一导管进入安瓿102的容积中且第一导管104具有设置在该液态前驱物表面下方的末端202,使得第一气体可以以气泡状进入前驱物以在气流内载运前驱物的蒸气和/或小滴。如图2A中所示,第二末端204可设置在液态前驱物上方以接收该第一气体和前驱物的浓缩前驱物气体混合物(末端204)。或者,第一末端202可设置在液体前驱物表面的上方。
或者,如图2B中所示,在一些实施例中,第一导管104可耦接至安瓿102以便来自固态前驱物的升华的前驱物可以被抽取穿过安瓿102中的开口进入第一导管104。升华的前驱物可以与流经第一导管104的第一气体混合,以由第一气体和升华的前驱物形成浓缩前驱物气体混合物。
返回至图1A,第一气体的流量可由第一流量控制器110控制。第一流量控制器可以在第一导管104的第一末端106与安瓿102之间耦接至第一导管104。第一流量控制器110可为质量流量控制器或类似装置。
第二导管112可在位于安瓿102下游的第一接合处114耦接至第一导管104。如本文所使用,术语“接合处”可包括导管的多个流动路径或区段的交叉点,例如,通过T形接头或导管的区段、诸如允许选择第一或者第二路径的阀之类的选择性阀,或类似物。第二导管112可具有耦接至第二气源118的第一末端116。第二导管112可具有耦接至处理腔室122的第二末端120。第二气源118可提供第二气体以在第一接合处114稀释进入第二导管112的浓缩前驱物气体混合物。
在一些实施例中,气体输送系统100的一些部分可能需要加热,以汽化前驱物和/或将前驱物保持在汽化状态。例如,热源124可配置成加热安瓿102以及从安瓿102到第二导管112的第一接合处114的第一导管104的至少第一部分126。热源124可是任何适合的热源,诸如加热带、强制气流加热柜、热交换器或类似装置。此外且选择性地,如图1A中所示,热源124可加热第一导管104的整体直到第一流量控制器110,或加热该第一导管的整体直到第一气源108(未图示)。在一些实施例中,第一导管104可加热直到第一气源108。在这类实施例中,流量控制器应配置成用于在加热环境中操作。在一些实施例中,可提供封闭的(contained)加热环境160以促进系统的有效率加热。例如,在一些实施例中,封闭的加热环境可包括外壳以包含或围绕这些加热部件和该导管的各部分。这类实施例可促进更均匀的加热以及更高的效率。然而,使用外壳可造成系统耗费更久时间才达到稳定。在一些实施例中,封闭的加热环境160可包括热交换器类型的热浴,使得该系统要加热的部分设置在该热浴中。由该热浴提供的高热质量(thermalmass)和热稳定(thermalarrest)可帮助减少严重过热的可能性,该严重过热可导致前驱物的分解。
热源124可配置成仅加热第二导管112的第二部分128,其中该第二部分128包括第一接合处114。如图1A中所示,第二部分128可在第一接合处114的两侧延伸,或可仅在第一接合处114的下游延伸(未图示)。第二导管112的第二部分128可包括这样的部分:在该部分中接收自第一导管104的浓缩前驱物气体混合物与第二气体混合以形成稀释前驱物气体混合物。如以上所论述,可能需要加热浓缩前驱物气体混合物以防止前驱物从该浓缩前驱物气体混合物中凝结出来。然而,一旦在例如大约摄氏25度的室温下前驱物的分压低于该前驱物的蒸气压,则该前驱物凝结的可能性可受到限制。例如,通过将第二气体与该浓缩前驱物气体混合物混合,对于该前驱物的分压的上述条件可在第二导管112的第二部分128中以新形成的稀释前驱物气体混合物实现。因此,在室温下,在稀释前驱物气体混合物中的前驱物的分压可小于该前驱物的蒸气压。由此,第二导管112的剩余部分,即第二导管112的第二部分128下游的部分,可需要较少加热或可能不须加热,因为来自稀释前驱物气体混合物的前驱物的凝结可能性可更少。
第二导管112可包括耦接至该第二导管112的第二流量控制器130。在一些实施例中,例如如图1A中所示,第二流量控制器130设置在第二导管112的第一末端116与第一接合处114之间,或设置在该第一接合处114的上游。例如,在图示于图1A中的实施例中,第二流量控制器130以期望的流动速率提供该第二气体,以在第二导管112的第二部分128中与浓缩前驱物气体混合物混合。
此外,在一些实施例中,诸如图1A所示,第二导管112可包括调压器132,该调压器132设置在第一接合处114与第二导管112的第二末端120之间的第二导管112中,以调节调压器132与第二流量控制器130之间的(例如在调压器132上游的)第二导管112中的压力。在一些实施例中,在使用如图1A所示的实施例的第二导管112中的压力可为约200托。例如,调压器132对于防止第二导管112中的压力波动可能是必需的,该压力波动在该第二导管112直接暴露于处理腔室122的压力的情况下可能发生。例如,处理腔室122中的压力由于正执行的各种工艺可能经常发生变化,这些正执行的工艺可在处理腔室122中引入工艺气体或这些工艺需要处理腔室122中的压力发生变化。调压器132的存在可稳定第二导管112中的压力,例如,该压力可导致一致的和可再生的前驱物加载在可流向处理腔室122的稀释前驱物气体混合物中。
或者,第二流量控制器130和调压器132可如图1B中所示般进行配置。例如,如图1B中所示,第二流量控制器130可设置在该第一接合处114与该第二导管的第二末端120之间,或设置在该第一接合处114的下游。例如,在如图1B中所示的实施例中,第二流量控制器130可向处理腔室122提供该稀释前驱物气体混合物的期望流动速率。如图1B中所示的第二流量控制器130的下游定位可通过本发明的方法和设备实现。例如,诸如质量流量控制器之类的流量控制器通常不在前驱物气体混合物的下游使用,这是因为前驱物气体混合物可发生凝结,导致气体混合物至处理腔室的输送的不准确性或对流量控制器造成破坏。然而,如本文中所论述,本发明的方法和设备减少或消除了该稀释前驱物气体混合物中的前驱物凝结的可能性,从而能够实现流量控制器的下游定位而没有在流量控制器中形成凝结所伴随的风险。
如图1B中所示,也是对图1A的替代,调压器可设置在第二导管112的第一末端116与第一接合处114之间,以调节在调节器132与第二流量控制器130之间的第二导管112中的压力。在一些实施例中,第二导管112中的压力可高于图1A的实施例中的压力,例如,至少大约500托。第二导管112中的压力可高于图1B的实施例中的压力,以提供充分的上游压力至第二流量控制器130以用于精确操作。在一些实施例中,第二导管112中足以操作第二流量控制器的上游压力可为至少约500托。
在一些实施例中,气体输送系统100可包括在第二导管112的第二部分128下游的实时监控装置。该实时监控装置可串联(in-line)设置或沿取样管线(例如,如以下论述的第三导管134)设置。该实时监控装置可通过本发明的方法和设备实现。例如,稀释前驱物气体混合物中前驱物的低浓度和不加热第二部分128外的第二导管112可在气体输送系统100中实现实时监控装置。
第三导管134可在第一接合处114与调压器132之间耦接至第二导管(如图1A中所示),或该第三导管134可在第一接合处114与第二流量控制器130之间的第二接合处136耦接至第二导管(如图1B中所示)。第三导管134可具有第一末端138和第二末端140,该第一末端138耦接至第二接合处136,而该第二末端140耦接至气孔142。气孔142可为,例如耦接至减排系统(abatementsystem)或类似系统的排气管线或类似物。
实时监控装置可为耦接至第三导管134的浓度传感器144。该浓度传感器可为用于测定诸如管线之一的浓度的任何适合的传感器,这些管线可从纽约的Poughkeepsie的LorexIndustries,Inc购得。该浓度传感器144可测定经由第二导管112流向处理腔室122的稀释前驱物气体混合物中的前驱物的浓度。可在浓度传感器144与气孔142之间的第三导管134中设置流量限制器146,以例如限制稀释前驱物气体混合物在第二接合处136流向第三导管134,使得稀释前驱物气体混合物的实质部分向处理腔室122流动。因为混合后的浓度非常低且该取样管线流动受限,所以限制了由取样造成的蒸气浪费。此外,因为浓度传感器144是离线的,所以发生的任何凝结问题将极少造成问题或不造成问题。此外,在浓度传感器144上执行的任何维护服务将对气体输送系统100的主要操作具有最小的影响。
气体输送系统100可包括接近第二导管112的第二末端120的第三接合处148。第四导管149具有第一末端和第二末端,该第一末端耦接至第三接合处148,而该第二末端耦接至气孔150。在一些实施例中,气孔142和气孔150可为相同的排气管线,或气孔142和气孔150可耦接至同一排气管线。类似地,气孔150可耦接至减排系统或类似系统。第三接合处148可包括用于在流至处理腔室122流动与流至第四导管149(和气孔150)流动之间做选择的阀(未图示)。例如,此类型的选择性流动可在处理腔室122的处理期间使用,以使得前驱物在处理腔室122的处理时段内连续汽化,以限制诸如在稀释前驱物气体混合物或类似物中浓度之类的各种变化,否则这些变化会由启动和停止第一气体或类似物的流动引起。
控制器152可以直接(如图1A中所示)耦接至处理腔室122和/或诸如气体输送系统100之类的支持系统,或者替代性地,控制器152可以经由与处理腔室和/或支持系统相连的计算机(或控制器)耦接至处理腔室122和/或诸如气体分配系统100之类的支持系统。控制器152可以是任何形式的通用计算机处理器之一,该处理器可用于用来控制各种腔室和子处理器的工业设定中。中央处理器(CPU)156的存储器或计算机可读取媒体154可以是一种或多种易用存储器,诸如随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、软盘、硬盘或任何其他形式的本地或远程数字储存器。存储器154可储存将由处理腔室122和/或诸如气体输送系统100之类的各种支持系统执行的程序。示例性的程序可包括如下所述的用于输送前驱物至处理腔室122的方法300。支持电路158耦接至CPU156,用于以传统方式支持处理器。这些电路包括高速缓存(cache)、电源、时钟电路、输入/输出电路和子系统以及类似物。
图3描绘输送前驱物至诸如该处理腔室122之类的处理腔室的方法300的流程图。下文参照图1A至图1B和图2A至图2B描述该方法300。该方法300从步骤302处开始,当使第一气体流动时,通过汽化前驱物以在第一加热容积中形成浓缩前驱物气体混合物。第一加热容积可包括第一导管104和安瓿102。第一气体,如以上所论述,可由第一气源108提供。第一气体可包括载气,诸如惰性气体。在一些实施例中,第一气体可为氮气(N2)、氢气(H2)、氩气(Ar)、氦气(He)或类似气体中的一种或多种气体。第一气体的流量可以由第一流量控制器110控制。如以下所论述,第一气体的流量可以响应于在稀释前驱物气体混合物中取样前驱物的浓度而进行调整,该稀释前驱物气体混合物在步骤302处的第一加热容积中形成的浓缩前驱物气体混合物的下游形成。
前驱物可以通过可选择的方法汽化。例如,如以上所论述,前驱物可以是液态的。因此,在一些实施例中,如图2A中所图示,第一气体可以流入容纳前驱物的第一加热容积的部分(例如,安瓿102)。第一气体可以以气泡状进入液体前驱物以形成浓缩前驱物气体混合物。或者,如以上所论述,前驱物可以是固态的。因此,在一些实施例中,如图2B中所图示,该固态前驱物可升华并进入第一导管104,在该第一导管104中,升华的前驱物与流动的第一气体混合以形成浓缩前驱物气体混合物。
在步骤304处,可在第二加热容积(例如,第二部分128)中混合浓缩前驱物气体混合物与第二气体,以形成稀释前驱物气体混合物。如以上所论述,第二气体可以由第二气源118提供。第二气体可与第一气体相同。在一些实施例中,第二气体可是氮气(N2)、氢气(H2)、氩气(Ar)、氦气(He)或类似气体中的一种或多种气体。第二气体可不同于第一气体。然而,提供不同的第二气体引入了更多复杂性,使得下游的浓度监控更困难,因为提供不同的第二气体所得的气体将是三种成分的混合物而不是两种成分的混合物。
第二气体可以高于第一气体的流动速率的流动速率流动。例如,第二气体的流动速率可以是第一气体的流动速率的大约5倍或更多倍。第二气体的较高流动速率可由本发明实现。由于气流中飞溅或夹带粒子的风险,通常,向安瓿提供单根管线来输送前驱物,从而限制载气的最大流动速率。然而,相反地,本发明的气体输送系统100沿第二导管112提供第二气体,该第二气体不流经安瓿102。因此,在气体输送系统100中可以避免可能迫使减少流动速率的情况,诸如在安瓿102中前驱物的飞溅或类似情况。由此,第二导管112中第二气体的流动速率(和由此气体输送系统的总流动速率)可高于传统气体输送系统中的流动速率。第二气体的较高流动速率可有利地改良气体输送系统中的响应时间,使该响应时间高达传统气体输送系统中的反应时间的大约100倍。
在步骤306处,稀释前驱物气体混合物可经由非加热的第三容积,例如,第二导管112的剩余部分、第二部分128的下游,流动至处理腔室122。如以上所论述,在第二加热容积中形成的稀释前驱物气体混合物可具有前驱物的分压,在室温下,例如大约25摄氏度下,该分压小于该前驱物的蒸气压。因此,稀释前驱物气体混合物在非加的热第三容积中可以不需要额外加热,因为前驱物的凝结可能性更少。
稀释前驱物气体混合物的压力可以在第二加热容积和非加热的第三容积中调节。例如,如在图1A中所示,稀释前驱物气体混合物的压力可在第二流量控制器130的下游调节,该第二流量控制器130用来控制来自第二气源118的第二气体的流量。或者,如图1B中所示,稀释前驱物气体混合物的压力可在第二流量控制器130的上游调节,此处第二流量控制器可用来控制流向处理腔室122和第二气源118下游的稀释前驱物气体混合物的流量,该第二气源118用于将第二气体提供至第二容积。
稀释前驱物气体混合物可选择性地流向处理腔室122。例如,稀释前驱物气体混合物可选择性地流向处理腔室122或气孔150。例如,流向处理腔室122和气孔150的流量可根据在处理腔室122中执行的工艺,诸如沉积工艺、循环沉积工艺或类似工艺,进行交替。
在一些实施例中,该方法300可包括例如使用取样管线(例如,第三导管134)自第三容积中取样稀释前驱物气体混合物的一部分。对稀释前驱物气体混合物的一部分的取样可以以第一流动速率发生,该第一流动速率比流向处理腔室122的稀释前驱物气体混合物的第二部分的第二流动速率慢。例如,流量限制器146可促进第一和第二流动速率之间的不一致性,以确保该稀释前驱物气体混合物的实质部分流向处理腔室122。在稀释前驱物气体混合物中的前驱物的浓度可由例如使用如以上所论述的浓度传感器144测定。
若该稀释前驱物气体混合物中的该前驱物的经测定浓度不在期望容许水平内,则可调整控制前驱物浓度的气体输送系统的参数。例如,可调整第一或第二加热容积的加热温度、第一气体的流动速率、第二气体的流动速率或第二加热容积和第三非加热容积中的压力中的至少一种,直到达到期望容许水平。在一些实施例中,可增加第一气流,以使得最终混合物中的前驱物的量增加。控制第一气体或第二气体的流动速率可提供比控制加热温度更快的响应时间。例如,可能的最大流量将受前驱物类型和温度的限制。除了提供足够的稀释外,对第二气体的流动速率没有特殊要求。对于长管线中的气体输送,高达5slm的总流动速率可合乎需要。然而,特定的温度和流动速率将取决于在使用中的系统的特定配置和前驱物。
因此,本文揭示了用于气体输送的方法和设备。本发明的方法和设备有利地提供了在高效率和输送精确性下对固态或液态低蒸气压前驱物的汽化,同时减少了能量输入成本并改良了输送速率。
虽然上述涉及本发明的实施例,但是在不脱离本发明基本范围的情况下亦可设计本发明的其他和进一步实施例。
Claims (15)
1.一种气体输送系统,所述气体输送系统包括:
安瓿,所述安瓿用于储存固态或液态的前驱物;
第一导管,所述第一导管耦接至所述安瓿,且所述第一导管具有耦接至第一气源的第一末端,以将所述前驱物的蒸气从所述安瓿抽取到所述第一导管中;
第二导管,所述第二导管在位于所述安瓿下游的第一接合处耦接至所述第一导管,且所述第二导管具有第一末端和第二末端,所述第一末端耦接至第二气源,而所述第二末端耦接至处理腔室;和
热源,所述热源配置成加热所述安瓿和所述第一导管的至少第一部分,以及加热所述第二导管的仅第二部分,所述第一部分从所述安瓿延伸至所述第二导管,其中所述第二导管的所述第二部分包括所述第一接合处。
2.如权利要求1所述的气体输送系统,所述气体输送系统进一步包括:
第一流量控制器,所述第一流量控制器在所述第一导管的所述第一末端与所述安瓿之间耦接至所述第一导管;和
第二流量控制器,所述第二流量控制器耦接至所述第二导管。
3.如权利要求2所述的气体输送系统,其中所述第二流量控制器设置在所述第二导管的所述第一末端与所述第一接合处之间,且所述气体输送系统进一步包括:
调压器,所述调压器设置在所述第一接合处与所述第二导管的所述第二末端之间的所述第二导管中,以调节所述调压器与所述第二流量控制器之间的所述第二导管中的压力。
4.如权利要求3所述的气体输送系统,所述气体输送系统进一步包括:
第三导管,所述第三导管在位于所述第一接合处与所述调压器之间的第二接合处耦接至所述第二导管,所述第三导管具有第一末端和第二末端,所述第一末端耦接至所述第二接合处,而所述第二末端耦接至气孔;
浓度传感器,所述浓度传感器耦接至所述第三导管以测定经由所述第二导管流向所述处理腔室的前驱物气体混合物中的前驱物的浓度;和
流量限制器,所述流量限制器设置在所述浓度传感器与所述第三导管的所述第二末端之间的所述第三导管中。
5.如权利要求2所述的气体输送系统,其中所述第二流量控制器设置在所述第一接合处与所述第二导管的所述第二末端之间,且所述气体输送系统进一步包括:
调压器,所述调压器设置在所述第二导管的所述第一末端与所述第一接合处之间,以调节所述调压器与所述第二流量控制器之间的所述第二导管中的压力。
6.如权利要求5所述的气体输送系统,所述气体输送系统进一步包括:
第三导管,所述第三导管在所述第一接合处与所述第二流量控制器之间的第二接合处耦接至所述第二导管,所述第三导管具有第一末端和第二末端,所述第一末端耦接至所述第二接合处,而所述第二末端耦接至气孔;
浓度传感器,所述浓度传感器耦接至所述第三导管以测定经由所述第二导管流向所述处理腔室的前驱物气体混合物中的前驱物的浓度;和
流量限制器,所述流量限制器设置在所述浓度传感器与所述第三导管的所述第二末端之间的所述第三导管中。
7.如权利要求1所述的气体输送系统,所述气体输送系统进一步包括:
第三接合处,所述第三接合位于或邻近所述第二导管的所述第二末端;和
第四导管,所述第四导管具有第一末端和第二末端,所述第一末端耦接至所述第三接合处,而所述第二末端耦接至气孔。
8.一种将前驱物输送至处理腔室的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
当使第一气体流动时,汽化前驱物以在第一加热容积中形成浓缩前驱物气体混合物;
在第二加热容积中将所述浓缩前驱物气体混合物与第二气体混合,以形成稀释前驱物气体混合物,其中在25摄氏度下,所述稀释前驱物气体混合物中的所述前驱物的分压小于所述前驱物的蒸气压;和
使所述稀释前驱物气体混合物经由非加热的第三容积流动至处理腔室。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,所述方法进一步包括以下步骤之一:
调节所述第二加热容积和第二流量控制器下游的所述第三容积中的所述稀释前驱物气体混合物的压力,所述第二流量控制器用于控制来自第二气源的所述第二气体的流量;或
调节所述第二加热容积和第二流量控制器上游的所述第三容积中的所述稀释前驱物气体混合物的压力,所述第二流量控制器用于控制流向所述处理腔室和第二气源下游的所述稀释前驱物气体混合物的流量,所述第二气源用于将所述第二气体提供至所述第二加热容积。
10.如权利要求8所述的方法,所述方法进一步包括以下步骤:
使用设置在第一气源与所述第一加热容积之间的第一流量控制器来控制所述第一加热容积的上游的所述第一气体的流量,其中所述第一气源提供所述第一气体。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中汽化所述前驱物的步骤进一步包括以下步骤的一个或多个:
使所述第一气体流进容纳所述前驱物的所述第一加热容积的一部分中,并使所述第一气体以气泡状进入液态前驱物以形成所述浓缩前驱物气体混合物;或
使所述前驱物升华,并将升华的前驱物与所述第一气体混合以形成所述浓缩前驱物气体混合物。
12.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中使所述稀释前驱物气体混合物流动至所述处理腔室的步骤进一步包括以下步骤:
在腔室工艺期间选择性地使所述稀释前驱物气体混合物流动至所述处理腔室或气孔。
13.如权利要求8所述的方法,所述方法进一步包括以下步骤:
自所述第三容积取样所述稀释前驱物气体混合物的一部分;和
测定所述稀释前驱物气体混合物中的所述前驱物的浓度。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中取样所述稀释前驱物气体混合物的一部分的步骤进一步包括以下步骤:
以第一流动速率取样所述稀释前驱物气体混合物的所述部分,所述第一流动速率比流向所述处理腔室的所述稀释前驱物气体混合物的第二部分的第二流动速率慢。
15.如权利要求13所述的方法,所述方法进一步包括以下步骤:
若所述稀释前驱物气体混合物中的所述前驱物的经测定的浓度不在期望的容许水平内,则调整所述第一加热容积或所述第二加热容积的加热温度、所述第一气体的流动速率或所述第二气体的流动速率中的至少一个。
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US5968588A (en) * | 1997-03-17 | 1999-10-19 | Applied Materials, Inc. | In-situ liquid flow rate estimation and verification by sonic flow method |
CN101657888A (zh) * | 2007-03-30 | 2010-02-24 | 东京毅力科创株式会社 | 粉体状物质源供给系统的清洗方法、存储介质、基板处理系统和基板处理方法 |
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CN103518005A (zh) | 2014-01-15 |
US20120273052A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
US9200367B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
KR20140030221A (ko) | 2014-03-11 |
US20120272898A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
WO2012149327A2 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
WO2012149327A3 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
US8927066B2 (en) | 2015-01-06 |
TW201303070A (zh) | 2013-01-16 |
TWI509101B (zh) | 2015-11-21 |
KR101691374B1 (ko) | 2016-12-30 |
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