CN102215736B - 具有反馈控制系统的内窥镜led光源 - Google Patents
具有反馈控制系统的内窥镜led光源 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种外部内窥镜光源系统包括用于向内窥镜提供光输出的发光二极管。光被提供给光学纤维缆线以传送到内窥镜。光学纤维接收光输出的一部分并且将输出提供给颜色传感器以感测颜色数值。颜色数值被提供给调节到各种LED的功率以提供白光输出的控制器。替代光源中的颜色传感器,光源能够从为内窥镜提供的摄影机接收白色平衡信号。白色平衡信号改变来自每一个LED的光输出的强度以获得白光输出。照相机还向光源提供照相机图像传感器的快门速度。快门速度被用于仅当照相机快门打开时才脉动或者调制光输出。通过调制光源输出的光,光源产生的热的数量得以最小化。
Description
对相关申请的交叉引用
该申请要求在此通过引用而被以其整体并入的、在2008年11月18日提交的美国临时申请序列号61/199597的利益。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于提供从外部光源通过内窥镜到手术部位的照明的固态系统。该外部光源包括从外部源向内窥镜输入提供光的光学纤维光缆。
背景技术
在外科手术期间,在内窥镜检查中使用光源来检查身体内的区域。通常,内窥镜包括配备有一组光纤的刚性或者柔性细长插入管,光纤从近侧手柄通过内窥镜本体延伸到其远侧观察顶端。外部光源经由附接到内窥镜的一侧上的支柱的缆线向光纤提供光。在一些实施例中,该内窥镜包括用于向监视器提供图像以由外科医生观察的成像装置。
现有技术图1和2取自公开了一种固态光源的美国专利号6921920。如在图1中所示意地,用于提供照明的内窥镜系统10能够包括固态光源12、视频监视器14、照相机16和内窥镜18。光源12产生经由光导26而被传送到内窥镜18的远端22的白光。光导26包括多根纤维并且被连接在光源12的输出连接器28和内窥镜18的光支柱(light post)30之间。白光照明在内窥镜的远端22处的工作区域24。被连接到内窥镜的手柄32的摄影机16产生代表用于在视频监视器14上显示的在工作区域24处的图像的视频信号。
图2示出用于图1的已知布置的特殊光源12的概图。图2的光源12包括光学系统34和被用于准直来自相应的LED阵列38的光的透镜阵列36。聚焦透镜40然后将光聚焦到光导52上。
LED阵列38被以圆形2维阵列布置。相应的透镜阵列36位于LED阵列38前面从而每一个半导体光源42均沿着相应的透镜46的光轴44定位。透镜46准直由它们的相应的LED 42发射的光。透镜46可以代表单一透镜例如单或者双非球面复合透镜、辐射指数(radiant index)式透镜或者每一种透镜的组合。其它布置具有通过粘附、熔合等而作为LED阵列的一部分实现的透镜阵列。一些布置具有矩形形状的LED和透镜阵列。
透镜40的焦距和透镜46的直径被选择为大约几毫米。实际数值是基于确定透镜46的视场的LED发射表面48的尺寸而选择的。
来自透镜阵列36的准直光行进到聚焦透镜40。聚焦透镜40将每一个LED发光表面48的图像投射到光导42的进入面50上。图像被放大从而尺寸近似等于光导42的进入面50的尺寸。光导42将光输送到内窥镜。光通过内窥镜以照明手术部位。照相机16提供手术部位的图像以在视频监视器14上显示。
上述内窥镜系统和其它内窥镜照明系统的关注方面是热量从光源通过光导26到镜的远端处的金属结合部的转移。在一些情形中,在镜的远端处的温度能够高达70℃。如果外科医生从患者体内移除内窥镜并且将内窥镜置于他们的身体上,则患者皮肤的灼烧可能发生。此外,当内窥镜被置放在使用者身体内部时,存在金属远侧顶端将损伤患者组织的可能性。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种具有多个固态光源的设备,该固态光源在最小电压或者功率水平下操作同时提供必要数量的光。
本发明的一个实施例是感测通过内窥镜施加到手术部位的光的颜色。根据感测的颜色数值,控制到各个发光二极管或者二极管阵列的功率以平衡光的颜色从而产生白光。以此方式,与不具有颜色平衡反馈的光源相比,在接收来自光源的反射光的照相机中的白色平衡不是那么必要的。
本发明的另一实施例当光学纤维缆线的远端被从内窥镜断开时自动地停止向光源提供功率。
附图说明
图1是已知内窥镜系统的绘图。
图2是用于图1的内窥镜系统的光学系统。
图3是本发明的第一光源实施例的框图。
图4是针对光源的一个实施例的光学装置。
图5是光源的另一实施例的光学装置。
图6是包括与内窥镜照相机组合的光源的另一实施例的框图。
图7是在图6中的光源的框图。
图8是在图6中的内窥镜照相机的框图。
图9是具有用于确定缆线是否被连接到内窥镜的光学纤维缆线存在传感器的光源的框图。
仅仅为了方便和参考起见,将在以下说明中使用特定的术语,并且该特定的术语将不是限制性的。例如,单词“向上”、“向下”、“向右”和“向左”将指的是在对其进行参考的图中的方向。单词“向内”和“向外”将指的是分别地朝向和远离布置及其指定部分的几何中心的方向。所述术语将包括具体地述及的单词、其派生词和具有类似含义的单词。
具体实施方式
图3是包括向固态发光装置例如发光二极管66a、66b、66c提供多个功率输出64a、64b、64c的电源单元62的光源60的框图。发光二极管66a-66c向将在下面更加详细地描述的光学装置68提供光。光学装置68提供准直光输出70到并且在中空光传送杆72内。光输出70意图是白光。
在光传送杆72的远端处,光学纤维74被定向成接收光输出70的细微部分。光学纤维74向被置放在光源外罩中的颜色传感器76提供在其中接收的光。颜色传感器76向颜色平衡电路80提供颜色输出信号78。颜色平衡电路向电源单元62提供颜色平衡输出信号82a、82b、82c。电源单元62包括向LED或者LED阵列66a-66c供应功率的各个功率输出电路63a-63c。
在操作中,在图3中示意的光源实施例向光传送杆72提供光输出70,光传送杆72由光学纤维缆线接收,光学纤维缆线向内窥镜提供光输出。
除了用于内窥镜的光输出70,被置放在杆72的远端处的边缘处的光学纤维74接收光输出72的小部分并且向颜色传感器76提供光。颜色传感器76感测光的性质并且确定如果有的话什么颜色在光输出70内是支配性的。例如,如果在光输出70中提供了充裕的红光,则这种状况将改变在其上反射光输出的物体的图像的肤色或者颜色。因此,颜色传感器76从光学纤维74接收光并且确定光学纤维74中的颜色的强度。然后,颜色传感器76提供对应于来自LED或者固态发光元件66的组合光的颜色输出信号78。
颜色平衡电路80从颜色传感器76接收颜色输出信号78并且确定如果有的话有色发光二极管66a-66c中的哪一个需要向光学纤维68输出更多或者更少的光。颜色平衡电路80然后向电源单元62提供颜色平衡输出信号82a、82b、82c。功率输出电路63a-63c基于颜色平衡输出信号82各自地控制发光二极管66a-66c以根据一个实施例获得平衡的白光输出70。然而,在一些情形中,白光输出可能不是用于观察操作区的、最理想的光颜色。因此,颜色平衡电路80操作以控制发光元件提供预定的所期颜色。
总之,在光源外罩内包含的、图3所示的光源布置操作以与提供经过处理并且通过光传送杆72输出的光的、各种各样的个体发光二极管66a-66c的状况或者性质无关地提供预定颜色的光输出70。
光学装置
图4示意被设置在光源60内的光学装置68的一个实施例。图4实施例分别地包括红色、绿色和蓝色LED 66a-66c。光学装置68包括用于包含由分别的LED 66a-66c提供的光的多个壁。
光学装置68包括被置放在绿色LED 66b下面以反射绿光的反射器或者反射镜88。反射器88被以大致45度角度定向以如在图4中所示意地沿着基本横向的水平方向反射绿光。绿光被朝向允许绿光通过那里的第一二向色带通滤波器90反射。
在图4中,红色LED 66a提供被向下地引导并且通过第二斜向高通二向色滤波器92的红光。二向色滤波器90和92是带有二向色涂层的玻璃滤波器。在通过二向色滤波器92之后,红光前进到第一带通滤波器90并且被从那里横向地并且基本与通过滤波器90的绿光对准地反射。因此,红光和绿光沿着相同的光学路径行进。
蓝色LED 66c沿着横向于来自红色LED 66a的光的方向的路径提供光。蓝光沿着与红光相同的方向并且沿着与其相同的路径从高通二向色滤波器92的表面向下地反射。蓝光然后连同红光一起地横向地并且沿着与绿光基本相同的方向从带通二向色滤波器90的表面反射。
组合的红、蓝和绿光通过使得组合光的光路变窄的聚焦透镜94并且然后通过准直透镜96从而进入光传送杆72中。
光传送杆72能够是适合于连接到光学纤维缆线100的近端98的玻璃杆。因此,光学装置68组合多种颜色以获得用于转移到光学纤维缆线100的白光输出70。在一些实施例中,光学纤维缆线100包括沿着其长度延伸的多根光纤。
图5是不同于图4所示的实施例的光学装置68的另一实施例。在图5中,LED 66a-66c全部横向于光学装置68的光学输出路径定位。
红色LED 66a提供被斜向反射器或者反射镜88横向地反射的光。红光沿着光学路径行进并且经过斜向高通滤波器104。绿色LED 66b沿着平行向下的路径提供被高通二向色滤波器104横向地反射的光。二向色滤波器104被以大致45°角度定向从而红光和绿光组合并且沿着基本相同的光学路径行进。
蓝色LED 66c也沿着向下方向输出被斜向高通二向色滤波器106横向地反射的光。二向色滤波器106允许红光和绿光沿着与蓝光相同的光学路径通过那里。
红、蓝和绿光被沿着单一光学路径组合并且行进到聚焦透镜94。聚焦透镜94聚焦组合光并且将光引导到准直透镜96。准直透镜96沿着用于进入接收杆72中的笔直方向定向光。如以上讨论地,接收杆72将光转移到光学纤维缆线100的近端98。光学纤维缆线100的近端98插入包含光传送杆72的光源外罩中。杆72被如此定向,使其远端通过外罩壁打开以接收光纤缆线100的近端98。
由来自照相机的输入控制的光源
图6的框图示出本发明的另一实施例,其中光源60由来自照相机110的反馈信号控制。光学纤维缆线100的近端98如以上讨论地连接到光源60,并且光学纤维缆线的远端连接到内窥镜112的光接收端口。内窥镜在其中具有光学路径以从其远端114向外投射在端口处接收的白光输出。反射图像然后被提供给被置放在内窥镜112的近端处的照相机110的图像传感器116。
如将在下面更加详细讨论地,照相机110输出颜色平衡信号118和快门速度信号120之一或两者。颜色信号118和快门速度信号120作为控制信号而被提供给光源60。在图6中,由照相机110接收的图像还作为图像输出122提供并且在视频监视器124上显示。
为了示出用于向光源60提供信号118、120的处理细节而提供了在图7中示意的照相机110的框图。该图表并非意图代表照相机110或者照相机的结构元件的详细操作。因此,可以作为由单一处理器执行的操作提供图7的框图所示的各种单元122、130、134、140。
照相机110意图是一种具有例如60帧每秒成像速率并且具有为分别的帧调节快门速度的能力的高清晰度数字照相机。
图7所示的图像传感器116从手术部位感测图像并且向照相机110的处理单元130、132、134提供感测的图像信号128。
颜色感测元件130接收图像信号128并且确定图像的白色平衡以及如果有的话什么颜色从通常是白光的、所期预定颜色的光输出中减损。颜色感测元件130然后输出包含测得颜色信息的颜色平衡信号118。
图像处理单元132还接收图像信号128并且向视频监视器124提供图像输出122从而以标准方式在其上显示。
光强感测单元134也接收图像信号128。光强感测单元134确定图像的亮度和因此确定图像传感器116需要的快门速度。光强感测单元134向快门脉冲宽度发生器140提供强度反馈信号136。
快门脉冲宽度发生器140向图像传感器116提供快门速度信号120以控制其快门速度。当更多的光需要被感测,经过一段时间(打开时间长度(length of time open)),快门速度增加,并且当亮光图像被输入到图像传感器116,经过一段时间,快门速度降低。通常在数字摄影机中提供了这个亮度控制操作。
光源
在图8的框图中示意的光源60如下地与从照相机110(在图7中示意)接收的输入信号118、120相配合。来自照相机110的颜色平衡信号118由光源60的颜色平衡电路148接收。来自照相机的快门速度信号120由光源60的脉冲宽度发生器150接收。脉冲宽度发生器150向光源功率单元152提供输出信号151。光源功率单元152也从颜色平衡电路148接收多个颜色平衡输出156a-156c。
光源功率单元152包括接收分别的颜色平衡输出156a-156c的各个电源输出电路160a、160b、160c并且包括来自脉冲宽度发生器150的脉冲宽度发生器输出151。
电源输出电路160a-160c连接到以在上面关于图3-5描述的方式向光学装置68提供光的、分别的LED 66a-66c。如在图3中所示,光学装置向光学纤维缆线100提供光输出70。
在操作中,如以上讨论地,照相机110确定颜色平衡信号118并且确定快门速度信号120。信号118、120被提供给光源60。
如关于图3描述地,颜色平衡信号118被颜色平衡电路148处理以向电源电路160a-160c提供颜色平衡输出156a-156c,从而产生预定颜色的光输出。颜色调节计及(account for)任何所需的、由LED 66a-66c提供的光的各个颜色的强度改变。
调制
在图8中示意的光学装置68的光输出70根据照相机的图像传感器116的快门速度得以调制。因此,LED 66a-66c得以调制以周期性地提供光输出70。
在操作中,快门速度信号120由光源60的脉冲宽度发生器150接收。脉冲宽度发生器150提供具有一定宽度以控制在照相机110的图像传感器操作的每一帧期间LED 66a-66c输出光的时间数量的脉冲151。
例如,如果照相机110要求较慢的快门速度,则光源功率单元152必须在较长的时间周期向LED 66a-66c输出光。因此,反馈布置得以平衡从而光源的光输出70使得图像传感器116能够以预定快门速度或者在预定的、所期快门速度范围内操作。LED 66a-66c必须与照相机快门速度同步地脉动以在使用较少的功率时提供足够的光输出70。
在一些实施例中,预定的快门速度范围被选择为最小化来自光源60的光输出70的强度或者时间周期。在为照相机110维持所期图像输出122时为光输出70最小化时间长度减少了通过使得光从光源60通过那里而在内窥镜112的远端114处产生的热量。此外,最小化光输出70的强度也减少了由光在内窥镜112的远端114处产生的热量数量。因此,在带有反馈控制的这个布置中,图像传感器116优选地以可接受的最快快门速度操作从而减少提供给图像传感器116的光的强度和/或调制周期。
在一些实施例中,仅仅具有预定脉冲宽度的快门速度信号120被提供给光源60以调制光输出70。
在一些实施例中,仅仅颜色平衡信号118被提供给光源60以控制来自LED 66a-66c中的每一个的光输出。最后,在另一实施例(未示出)中,光强反馈信号136被提供给光源60以仅仅控制从那里发射的光的强度。
在一些实施例中,该系统补偿在手术部位处器官或者组织距图像传感器116的目标距离。例如,目标距图像传感器116的距离越大,则光输出70为最佳观察提供的强度越大。
可替代方案
虽然图3-8的实施例将LED 66示出为由红色LED 66a、绿色LED 66b和蓝色LED 66c限定的三个LED,但是构想了其它的实施例。首先,并非个体LED,每一个LED均可以由LED的阵列或者其它固态装置限定。
其它的实施例可以包括青色、洋红色和琥珀色LED。此外,构想了红色、绿色、蓝色、青色、洋红色和琥珀色LED中的一个或者多个的任何组合。在一些实施例中,光输出可以由白色LED或者白色和红色LED的组合产生。最后,在又一个实施例中,利用黄磷涂覆的蓝色LED产生白光输出70。
在一些实施例中,光源60的光传送杆72具有用于耦接到也具有矩形形状的光学纤维缆线100的近端98的矩形形状。这种布置在光传送杆72和光学纤维缆线100之间提供了更加高效的光传输路径,因为光源60的LED几何形状是矩形的。
自动光源切断
本发明的图9实施例包括用于探测光学纤维缆线100的远端何时被从内窥镜112的端口拆离的布置。当光学纤维缆线100的远端被拆离时,光源60自动地关闭以最小化由光源60输出的光和热能的数量,并且因此最小化沿着光学纤维缆线100并且通过内窥镜112提供到其远端114的光/热的数量。内窥镜112的远端114可以具有能够变得过热的金属结构或者元件。
在图9中示意的光源60包括用于确定光学纤维缆线100的远端何时被从内窥镜112拆离的光学纤维缆线断开探测单元170。缆线断开探测单元170包括激光输出二极管174和光电二极管传感器176。激光器驱动器和计时电路178向激光二极管174周期性地提供激光二极管驱动输出180。在激光二极管174输出激光脉冲或者信号之后,激光脉冲被二向色滤波器179反射并且通过聚焦透镜94和准直透镜96到达光学纤维缆线100。激光沿着光学纤维缆线100传送到其远端。如果光学纤维缆线100的远端未被连接到内窥镜112,则激光脉冲在打开的远端处反射并且通过光学纤维缆线100、透镜94、96返回并且从二向色滤波器179反射开。
激光脉冲然后被光电二极管传感器176探测,该光电二极管传感器176向激光器驱动器和计时电路178提供激光脉冲反射信号182。激光器驱动器和计时电路178确定使得激光脉冲返回探测单元170的时间长度并且然后向控制器188提供计时输出数值186。
控制器188利用光学纤维缆线100的物理长度而被编程并且比较计时输出数值186的时间长度与对应于光学纤维缆线100的已知长度的时间数值范围。如果时间长度信号数值是在用于预期反射时间的预定范围内,则控制器188向电源62输出断开或者功率关闭信号190,该信号190关闭电源从而无功率输出64被提供给LED 66。因此,在光学纤维缆线100从内窥镜112断开时,光和热不再被光源60输出或者被传送到内窥镜。
虽然为了示意性的意图详细公开了本发明的、具体的优选实施例,但是将会认识到,所公开的设备的变化或者修改,包括部件的重新布置,落入本发明的范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于向内窥镜提供光的外部内窥镜光源系统,所述内窥镜能够在远端处输出光以照明操作区,所述内窥镜光源系统包括:
外罩;
被置放在所述外罩中的多个发光二极管;
被置放在所述外罩中以从所述发光二极管接收光的多个二向色滤波器元件;
被置放在所述外罩中以从所述二向色滤波器元件接收光的光准直和混合装置;
从所述光准直和混合装置接收光的光传送杆;
从所述光传送杆接收光的光学纤维缆线,其中所述光传送杆和光学纤维缆线一起创建光路;
用于从所述光路中的照明感测颜色数值的颜色传感器;和
被置放在所述外罩中以从所述颜色传感器接收颜色数值并且比较所述颜色数值与预定颜色数值的控制器,
其中所述控制器能够改变功率信号以控制所述多个发光二极管中的至少一个输出的光强,从而所述颜色传感器感测的颜色数值对应于预定颜色的光输出。
2.根据权利要求1的内窥镜光源系统,其中所述发光二极管包括红色、绿色和蓝色发光二极管中的至少各一个。
3.根据权利要求1的内窥镜光源系统,其中所述发光二极管包括红色、绿色、蓝色、青色、洋红色和琥珀色发光二极管中的至少两种颜色。
4.根据权利要求1的内窥镜光源系统,其中所述发光二极管包括白色和红色发光二极管的组合。
5.根据权利要求1的内窥镜光源系统,其中所述光学纤维缆线包括多根光纤,并且所述光纤之一向所述颜色传感器提供光。
6.根据权利要求1的内窥镜光源系统,包括用于从所述发光二极管朝向所述光传送杆的近端反射光的二向色涂层。
7.根据权利要求1的内窥镜光源系统,其中所述颜色传感器包括内窥镜照相机的图像传感器。
8.根据权利要求7的内窥镜光源系统,包括用于确定由所述图像传感器感测的光的强度的光强度感测单元,所述控制器接收所述确定的强度并控制来自所述发光二极管的光输出的强度。
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CN102215736A (zh) | 2011-10-12 |
AU2009318141A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
JP2012509098A (ja) | 2012-04-19 |
CA2741734C (en) | 2017-07-18 |
US11467358B2 (en) | 2022-10-11 |
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AU2009318141B2 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
US20210018703A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
US9459415B2 (en) | 2016-10-04 |
EP3610778B1 (en) | 2023-07-05 |
EP2365773A2 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
KR101648598B1 (ko) | 2016-08-16 |
EP4233685A3 (en) | 2023-10-11 |
EP4233685A2 (en) | 2023-08-30 |
ES2744458T3 (es) | 2020-02-25 |
EP2365773B1 (en) | 2019-06-12 |
JP5909091B2 (ja) | 2016-04-26 |
US20230168447A1 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
KR20110094283A (ko) | 2011-08-23 |
WO2010059197A3 (en) | 2010-08-05 |
EP3610778A1 (en) | 2020-02-19 |
US20110208004A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
CA2741734A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
WO2010059197A2 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
US20160231494A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
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