CN101853786B - 半导体衬底的制造方法 - Google Patents

半导体衬底的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN101853786B
CN101853786B CN2009102169066A CN200910216906A CN101853786B CN 101853786 B CN101853786 B CN 101853786B CN 2009102169066 A CN2009102169066 A CN 2009102169066A CN 200910216906 A CN200910216906 A CN 200910216906A CN 101853786 B CN101853786 B CN 101853786B
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epitaxial film
grooves
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野上彰二
山冈智则
山内庄一
辻信博
森下敏之
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Abstract

本发明涉及半导体衬底的制造方法。避免在埋入到沟槽内部的外延膜中产生空隙。包括如下步骤:在衬底主体(63)的表面生长第一外延膜(61);在该第一外延膜(61)上形成多个第一沟槽(64);在第一沟槽(64)的内部整体生长第二外延膜(62);研磨第二外延膜(62)使其平坦;进一步在平坦的第二外延膜(62)的上表面生长与第一外延膜(61)相同组成的第三外延膜(66);在该第三外延膜(66)上形成多个第二沟槽(67),使第一沟槽(64)延长;在第二沟槽(67)的内部整体进一步生长第四外延膜(68);研磨所述第四外延膜(68)使其平坦。

Description

半导体衬底的制造方法
本申请是下述申请的分案申请,申请号:200680036884.X(国际申请号:PCT/JP2006/319933),发明名称:半导体衬底及其制造方法,申请日:2006年10月5日。
技术领域
本发明涉及在如超级结MOSFET那样利用了在衬底深度方向上以高纵横比所形成的沟槽(trench)的半导体装置制造中适用的半导体衬底的制造方法。
背景技术
目前已知利用了在衬底的深度方向上以高纵横比所形成的沟槽的半导体装置,如超级结MOSFET(例如,参考专利文献1)。在这样结构的半导体装置中,在沟槽内埋设外延膜,由此,形成高纵横比的杂质扩散层是有效的(例如,参考专利文献2)。
专利文献1:特开2003-124464号公报
专利文献2:特开2001-196573号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
但是,在现有的半导体衬底的制造方法中,通过将外延膜多次地埋入预先形成的沟槽内而形成高纵横比的扩散层,所以,提高纵横比显然有一定限度。并且,超过该限度而提高沟槽的纵横比时,在沟槽内的埋入外延膜中产生埋入不良(空隙),产生空隙时,在该空隙的上部产生下剥(flake down)而耐压减小,存在元件性能降低的麻烦。
特别是,在N型区域和P型区域交替且与电流方向垂直排列的上述超级结结构(P/N列结构)中,为了提高其耐压,需要加深沟槽的深度,但是,由于沟槽深度加深,其结果是,纵横比变高,在沟槽内的埋入外延膜中产生埋入不良(空隙)时,伴随着由埋入不良(空隙)所引起的结晶缺陷的产生,导致耐压结漏泄成品率下降,或者抗蚀剂在沟槽中的埋入不良处残留,导致步骤内污染。
本发明的目的是提供一种能够避免在埋入到沟槽内的外延膜中产生空隙的半导体衬底的制造方法。
解决问题的技术方案
技术方案1的发明是为了实现上述目的而进行的,如图1所示,半导体衬底的制造方法包括如下步骤:(a)在衬底主体63的表面上生长第一外延膜61;(b)部分地刻蚀该第一外延膜61,形成多个第一沟槽64;(c)在多个第一沟槽64的内部整体以及多个第一沟槽64以外的第一外延膜61的表面,生长第二外延膜62;(d)研磨第二外延膜62,使第一外延膜61的表面露出,并且使埋入到多个第一沟槽64内部整体中的第二外延膜62的上表面平坦;(e)在平坦后的第二外延膜62的上表面和所露出的第一外延膜61的表面,进一步生长与第一外延膜61相同组成的第三外延膜66;(f)对该第三外延膜66的与多个第一沟槽64相对应的部分进行刻蚀,形成多个第二沟槽67,由此,使多个第一沟槽64延长;(g)在多个第二沟槽67的内部整体以及多个第二沟槽67以外的第三外延膜66的表面,生长第四外延膜68;(h)研磨第四外延膜68,使第三外延膜66的表面露出,并且,使埋入到多个第二沟槽67内部整体中的第四外延膜68的上表面平坦。
可知关于是否能够在沟槽64、67的内部不产生空隙地由外延膜62、68埋入,如果沟槽64、67的深度B相对于该沟槽64、67宽度A越浅,则能够在沟槽64、67内部不产生空隙地由外延膜62、68埋入。
并且,在该技术方案1中所述的半导体衬底的制造方法中,分多次进行沟槽64、67的形成和外延膜62、68的埋入,所以,可以使进行外延膜62、68的埋入时沟槽64、67的沟槽深度B相对于宽度A变浅,并且能够在沟槽64、67内部不产生空隙地由外延膜62、68埋入。
技术方案2的发明如权利要求1所述的发明,其特征在于,在步骤(g)之后,将步骤(d)至步骤(g)重复一次或两次以上。
在该技术方案2所述的半导体衬底的制造方法中,将步骤(d)到步骤(g)重复三次以上,即使最终得到的沟槽的纵横比比较大,也可以使进行平均一次的外延膜的埋入时沟槽深度B相对沟槽宽度A变浅,并且可以有效地避免在埋入沟槽内部的外延膜中产生空隙。
发明的效果
如上所述,根据本发明,分多次进行沟槽的形成和外延膜的埋入,所以,可以使进行外延膜的埋入时沟槽深度相对沟槽宽度变浅,并且可以在沟槽内部不产生空隙地由外延膜埋入。具体地说,如果将沟槽的形成和外延膜的埋入重复三次以上,最终得到的沟槽的纵横比比较大,也可以使进行外延膜的埋入时沟槽深度B相对沟槽宽度A变得非常浅,并且可以有效地避免在埋入沟槽内部的外延膜中产生空隙。
附图说明
图1是示出本发明的实施方式的半导体衬底的制造方法的步骤图。
符号说明
60半导体衬底
61第一外延膜
62第二外延膜
63衬底主体
64第一沟槽
66第三外延膜
67第二沟槽
68第四外延膜
具体实施方式
下面,基于附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。
如图1所示,半导体衬底具有N+型衬底主体63,在该衬底主体63的表面上形成外延膜61、66。衬底主体63是掺杂有磷、砷、锑等杂质的N+型单晶硅衬底,外延膜61、66是掺杂有磷、砷、锑等杂质的N型单晶硅层。该外延膜61、66被部分地刻蚀除去,隔开预定间隔在衬底主体63的表面分别形成肋状的多个外延膜61、66,在多个外延膜61、66间的沟槽64、67中埋入由掺杂有硼、镓、铟等杂质的P型单晶硅构成的外延膜62、68。
对这样的半导体装置的本发明的制造方法进行说明。首先,如图1(a)所示,准备N+型衬底主体63,在其上形成N型第一外延膜61。具体地说,对衬底主体63的表面提供硅烷气体作为原料气体,同时利用气相生长法在400~1200℃的温度范围内生长第一外延膜61。
接下来,如图1(b)所示,部分地刻蚀该第一外延膜61,形成多个第一沟槽64。具体地说,在N型第一外延膜61上形成未图示的氧化硅膜,将该氧化硅膜构图为预定的形状,以得到预定的沟槽。并且,将构图后的氧化硅膜作为掩模,对N型的第一外延膜61进行各向异性刻蚀(RIE)或者利用了碱性各向异性刻蚀液(KOH、TMAH等)的湿法刻蚀,形成多个第一沟槽64。之后,除去用作掩模的未图示的氧化硅膜。这样,在该衬底主体63的表面上隔开预定的间隔分别形成肋状的多个第一外延膜61,并且在多个第一外延膜61之间分别形成多个第一沟槽64。
接下来,如图1(c)所示,在多个第一沟槽64的内部整体以及多个第一沟槽64以外的第一外延膜61的表面上生长第二外延膜62。具体地说,包括多个第一沟槽64的内表面,在第一外延膜61上提供原料气体,同时利用气相生长法在400~1150℃的温度范围内形成第二外延膜62,利用该第二外延膜62埋入多个第一沟槽64内。在由第二外延膜62埋入多个第一沟槽64内部的步骤中,至少在埋入最后步骤中,作为用于形成第一外延膜61所提供的原料气体,优选使用半导体源气体和卤化物气体的混合气体。在此,作为半导体源气体,例如,可举出甲硅烷(SiH4)、乙硅烷(Si2H6)、二氯甲硅烷(SiH2Cl2)、三氯硅烷(SiHCl3)、四氯化硅(SiCl4)等。特别是,作为半导体源气体,优选使用二氯甲硅烷(SiH2Cl2)、三氯硅烷(SiHCl3)、四氯化硅(SiCl4)中的任何一种。作为卤化物气体,优选使用氯化氢(HCl)、氯气(Cl2)、氟气(F2)、三氟化氯(ClF3)、氟化氢(HF)、溴化氢(HBr)中的任何一种,特别优选使用氯化氢(HCl)。
提供半导体源气体和卤化物气体的混合气体作为原料时,其内的卤化物气体起到刻蚀气体的作用,该刻蚀气体供给速率被控制,对于刻蚀速度来说,多个第一沟槽64开口部比多个第一沟槽64内部快。由此,多个第一沟槽64开口部处的第二外延膜62的生长速度比深的部位处的第二外延膜62的生长速度慢,关于多个第一沟槽64侧面上的第二外延膜62,多个第一沟槽64开口部的膜厚比多个第一沟槽64底部小。其结果是,如图1(c)所示,能够在多个第一沟槽64内部不产生空隙地以第二外延膜62埋入。
接下来,如图1(d)所示,研磨第二外延膜62,使第一外延膜61的表面露出,并且,使埋入到多个第一沟槽64内部整体中的第二外延膜62的上表面平坦。该研磨例如可以由CMP等进行。
接下来,如图1(e)所示,在平坦化后的第二外延膜62的上表面和所露出的第一外延膜61的表面上还生长与第一外延膜61具有相同组成的第三外延膜66。该第三外延膜66的形成由与上述第一外延膜61的形成相同的顺序进行,具体地说,在平坦化后的第二外延膜62的上表面和所露出的第一外延膜61的表面上提供硅烷气体作为原料气体,同时利用气相生长法在400~1200℃的温度范围内生长第三外延膜66。
接下来,如图1(f)所示,对该第三外延膜66的与多个第一沟槽64对应的部分进行刻蚀,形成多个第二沟槽67,由此,使多个第一沟槽64延长。具体地说,在第三外延膜66上形成未图示的氧化硅膜,除去该氧化硅膜的与第一沟槽64对应的部分,并构图为预定的形状。并且,将该构图后的氧化硅膜作为掩模,对第三外延膜66进行各向异性刻蚀(RIE)或利用了碱性各向异性刻蚀液(KOH、TMAH等)的湿法刻蚀,形成多个第二沟槽67,由此,使多个第一沟槽64延长。之后,除去用作掩模的未图示的氧化硅膜。
接下来,如图1(g)所示,在多个第二沟槽67内部整体以及多个第二沟槽67以外的第三外延膜66的表面上,还生长第四外延膜68。该第四外延膜68的形成由与上述第二外延膜62的形成相同的顺序进行,具体地说,包括多个第二沟槽67的内表面,在第三外延膜66上提供原料气体,同时利用气相生长法在400~1150℃的温度范围内形成第四外延膜68,利用该第四外延膜68埋入多个第二沟槽67内。
接下来,如图1(h)所示,研磨第四外延膜68,使第三外延膜66的表面露出,并且使埋入到多个第二沟槽67整个内部中的第四外延膜68的上表面平坦。由此,得到在横向上P型区域和N型区域交替配置的半导体衬底。
在此可知,关于是否能够在沟槽64、67内部不产生空隙地由外延膜62、68埋入,根据以沟槽64、67深度B与沟槽64、67宽度A之比所表示的纵横比(B/A),沟槽深度B相对于该沟槽64、67宽度A越浅,即,纵横比(B/A)越小,能够在沟槽64、67内部不产生空隙地由外延膜62、68埋入。并且,根据本发明的半导体衬底的制造方法,由于分多次进行沟槽64、67的形成和外延膜62、68的埋入,所以,进行外延膜62、68的埋入时的沟槽64、67的纵横比可以变小。结果,在多个沟槽64、67的内部不会产生空隙地由外延膜62、68埋入。
并且,在该实施方式中,说明了分两次进行沟槽64、67的形成和外延膜62、68的埋入的情况,但是,在最终得到的沟槽的纵横比比较大的情况下,在上述步骤(g)之后,可以进一步重复步骤(d)到步骤(g)一次或二次以上。在重复步骤(d)到步骤(g)三次以上的半导体衬底的制造方法中,即使最终得到的沟槽的纵横比比较大,进行平均一次的外延膜的埋入时的沟槽纵横比也可以较小,并且可以有效地避免在埋入沟槽内部的外延膜中产生空隙。
产业上的可利用性
本发明能够利用于超级结MOSFET那样利用了在衬底的深度方向以高纵横比形成的沟槽的半导体装置的制造方法中。

Claims (2)

1.一种半导体衬底的制造方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(a)在衬底主体(63)的表面上生长第一外延膜(61);
(b)部分地刻蚀该第一外延膜(61),形成多个第一沟槽(64);
(c)在所述多个第一沟槽(64)的内部整体以及所述多个第一沟槽(64)以外的所述第一外延膜(61)的表面,生长第二外延膜(62);
(d)研磨所述第二外延膜(62),使所述第一外延膜(61)的表面露出,并且使埋入到所述多个第一沟槽(64)内部整体中的所述第二外延膜(62)的上表面平坦;
(e)在平坦后的所述第二外延膜(62)的上表面和所露出的所述第一外延膜(61)的表面,进一步生长与所述第一外延膜(61)相同组成的第三外延膜(66);
(f)对该第三外延膜(66)的与所述多个第一沟槽(64)相对应的部分进行刻蚀,形成多个第二沟槽(67),由此,使所述多个第一沟槽(64)延长;
(g)在所述多个第二沟槽(67)的内部整体以及所述多个第二沟槽(67)以外的所述第三外延膜(66)的表面,进一步生长第四外延膜(68);
(h)研磨所述第四外延膜(68),使所述第三外延膜(66)的表面露出,并且,使埋入到所述多个第二沟槽(67)内部整体中的所述第四外延膜(68)的上表面平坦。
2.根据权利要求1的半导体衬底的制造方法,其特征在于,
在步骤(g)之后,将步骤(d)至步骤(g)重复一次或两次以上。
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DE112006004215B4 (de) 2012-05-31
US9034721B2 (en) 2015-05-19
US20140342526A1 (en) 2014-11-20
WO2007040255A1 (ja) 2007-04-12
US8956947B2 (en) 2015-02-17
KR20080059596A (ko) 2008-06-30
US8835276B2 (en) 2014-09-16
DE112006002626B4 (de) 2010-08-19
KR20100018073A (ko) 2010-02-16
US20090273102A1 (en) 2009-11-05
US20140342525A1 (en) 2014-11-20
US20110076830A1 (en) 2011-03-31
CN101853786A (zh) 2010-10-06
US20140342535A1 (en) 2014-11-20

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