CN101502453A - 使用动态运动提供动力的可植入限制系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及使用动态运动提供动力的可植入限制系统。提供了各种动力装置用于将来自一些源的能量传递到植入患者体内的通信构件和/或由通信构件产生能量。被传递到通信构件或由通信构件产生的能量可被用于为在路径中形成限制的可植入限制系统提供动力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及为可植入限制系统提供动力的装置和方法。
背景技术
特别是在美国，随着肥胖人数持续增加，并且所知道的肥胖对健康的负面影响越来越多，肥胖变得越来越受到关注。人的体重超过理想体重100磅或者更多的病理性肥胖尤其引起严重健康问题的极大风险。因此，大量的注意力被聚焦到治疗肥胖患者上。治疗病理性肥胖的一种方法是围绕胃的上部设置限制装置，诸如细长的束带。胃束带典型地包括具有固定端点的填充了流体的弹性囊，该囊紧邻食道-胃结合部的下部围绕胃，以便在束带上方形成小的胃袋并在胃中形成减小了的人造口。当流体注入囊中时，束带抵靠胃膨胀，从而在胃中形成食物摄取限制部分或者人造口。为了减少这种限制，将流体从束带中去除。束带的作用是减小可利用的胃的容积，并由此在变得“饱胀”之前减少可被消耗掉的食物量。
食物限制装置还包括类似地围绕胃上部的以机械方式调节的胃束带。这些胃束带包括任意数量的弹性材料或者传动装置以及驱动装置，以便调节胃束带。另外，胃束带已经被发展为包括液压和机械驱动元件。还已知的是，通过将可膨胀的弹性囊植入到胃腔本身中来限制胃腔中可用的食物容积。囊填充有流体以便抵靠胃壁膨胀，并且由此减少胃内可用的食物容积。
使用上述食物限制装置的每一种进行安全有效地处理要求装置被有规律地监测并调节以改变施加到胃上的限制程度。传统地，调节胃束带要求在休伯针和注射器被用于穿刺患者皮肤并经注射端口将流体加入到囊中或者从囊中除去期间按照规定看医生。最近，已经发展了能够以非侵入方式调节束带的可植入泵。外部程序装置使用遥测技术与植入的泵通信，对泵进行控制。在按规定看医生期间，医生将程序装置的手持部分放置在胃植入物附近并将命令信号传送给植入物。植入物进而调节束带并将响应命令传送给程序装置。
植入物(诸如上面描述的那些)包括电子器件，这些电子器件需要对于期望功能诸如进行胃束带调节来说足够的动力源。所述装置可由电池或者电容在内部提供动力，而其他装置可由外部联接的动力源或者无源遥测系统提供动力。当在外部联接时，植入物与外部装置之间的效率随着它们之间的距离增加而显著降低。还存在经过组织的明显功率损耗。
因此，需要通过使用外部和/或非侵入技术经过组织为植入的电子器件有效地充电的装置和方法。对于患者来说还有利地是能够为植入物再充电，而不需要按规定看医生。
发明内容
本发明提供了为可植入限制系统提供动力的装置和方法。在一种示例性实施方式中，提供了一种在患者体内形成限制的系统，该系统包括适于在患者体内的路径中形成限制的可植入限制装置。例如，可植入限制装置可包括胃束带和与胃束带连通的外壳。可植入限制装置还可包括为可植入限制装置提供动力的通信构件(communicating member)。所述系统还可包括外部设备，该外部设备通过发送功率信号和/或数据信号到通信构件和/或通过从通信构件接收数据信号而与通信构件可操作地通信。通信构件还可被构造成发送数据信号到外部装置。所述外部设备可任选地包括测量仪(gauge)，用于有效地指示外部设备与通信构件是否有效通信。
在一种实施方式中，通信构件可适于将光波转换成能量，并且外部设备可以是能量传递设备，该能量传递设备具有可操作地将光传递到通信构件的光源。所述能量传递设备可包括有效地指示在光源和通信构件之间传递的光波是否有效地为可植入限制装置提供动力或者传递数据的测量仪。在一种实施方式中，通信构件可以是光伏电池阵列、硅纳米线束或者晶体硅酮电池阵列，并且光源可发射大约0.70μm到1000μm范围内的红外光波。作为替代，光源可发射大约400nm到1000nm范围内的可见光波或者大约280nm到400nm范围内的紫外光波。
在另一种实施方式中，通信构件适于利用温差为可植入限制装置提供动力，能量传递设备可具有温度源，用于可操作地形成跨过通信构件的温差以便为可植入限制装置提供动力。在示例性实施方式中，通信构件为温差发电机(thermogenerator)。温度源例如可以是冰、热电冷却器、加热源和血管。通信构件可被构造成利用温度源与解剖参考温度之间的温差来产生能量，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。在另一种实施方式中，测量仪可有效地指示在温度源与通信构件之间是否存在温差以便有效地为可植入限制装置提供动力。
在另一种实施方式中，通信构件可具有动态运动设备，该动态运动设备可操作地将运动转化成能量，以便为可植入限制装置提供动力。动态运动设备可包括外壳、设置在外壳中的磁体和围绕外壳设置的线圈。线圈可与可植入限制装置电连通并且磁体可被构造成相对于线圈运动以便产生电能，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。动态运动设备还可包括存储装置，用于存储由磁体的运动产生的电能。系统还可包括外部装置，该外部装置可包括适于在动态运动设备中产生相应振荡、振动或者其他运动的驱动器，以便有效地为可植入限制装置提供动力。作为替代，外部振荡电磁体可诱导设置在外壳内的磁体中的共振振荡。在另一种实施方式中，测量仪可适于指示可植入限制装置中的带电状态。
在另一示例性实施方式中，动态运动设备可包括配重，该配重与传动齿轮连接并被构造成当动态运动设备响应于患者的运动而旋转时围绕枢轴点自由旋转。动态运动设备还可包括发电机，该发电机被构造成接收来自传动齿轮的机械能并将机械能转化成电能，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。
在一种实施方式中，动态运动设备可包括压电装置，该压电装置被构造成将患者体内的内部肌肉和/或器官的运动转化成电能，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。压电装置还可被构造成将患者胃部抵靠胃束带的消化运动转化成电能，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。
本发明还提供了用于为可植入限制装置提供动力的方法。在一种实施方式中，该方法可包括启动光源将光通过组织传输到设置在可植入限制装置中的通信构件。通信构件可将光转化成电流，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。光源可以位于外部装置上，并且该方法还可包括将外部装置定位在皮肤表面附近并靠近植入到组织中的通信构件。外部装置还可任选地包括指示光源与通信构件之间的光传输是否有效地为可植入限制装置提供动力的测量仪。另外，外部装置可接收来自通信构件的数据，所述数据包括可植入限制装置中的流体压力的至少一种测量结果。在一种示例性实施方式中，光源发出波长处于大约0.70μm到1000μm范围内的红外光。作为替代，光源发出波长处于大约400nm到750nm范围内的可见光或者波长处于大约280nm到400nm范围内的紫外光。
在另一种实施方式中，提供了一种用于为可植入限制装置提供动力的方法，该方法包括将温度源放置在设置于植入到患者体内的可植入限制装置中的通信构件附近的组织表面上。通信构件利用温差为可植入限制装置提供动力。通信构件可被设置在靠近皮肤处，使其处于外部环境与身体中心之间的温度梯度中。作为替代，温差发电机可设置成与大血管接触，因为身体使用血流将热量传递到身体各部分并接收来自身体各部分的热量。因此，在身体中存在的天然温度梯度可被用于产生动力。温度源可以位于外部装置上，并且外部装置可接收来自通信构件的数据。外部装置还可包括测量仪，该测量仪指示在温度源与通信构件之间是否存在温差以便有效地为可植入限制装置提供动力。数据可包括可植入限制装置中的流体压力的至少一种测量结果。在一种实施方式中，温度源可以是设置在与温差发电机邻近的组织表面上或附近的冰、热电冷却器和/或加热源，其与解剖参考温度形成跨过温差发电机的温差以产生电流，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。
在又一种实施方式中，提供了一种为可植入限制装置提供动力的方法，该方法包括驱动与植入到患者体内的可植入限制装置联接的通信构件，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力，其中通信构件包括动态运动设备。动态运动设备可包括金属线和磁体，金属线和由磁体产生的磁场彼此相对运动，由此产生电能，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。在一种示例性实施方式中，金属线和磁场响应于患者的运动彼此相对运动。动态运动设备还可由诱导磁体中的共振振荡的外部振荡电磁体驱动。作为替代，动态运动设备由引起金属线运动通过磁场的振动元件驱动。在另一种实施方式中，通信构件可与外部装置通信，所述外部装置可接收来自通信构件的数据并可包括指示可植入限制装置的带电状态的测量仪。动态运动设备可替代地包括配重，该配重与响应于患者的运动围绕枢轴点自由旋转的传动齿轮连接。配重和传动齿轮的旋转可产生机械能，机械能可被转化成电能，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。在一种示例性实施方式中，动态运动设备包括压电装置，该压电装置可将患者体内的内部肌肉和/或器官的运动转化成能量，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。压电装置还可被构造成将胃部抵靠胃束带的消化运动转化成电能，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。该方法可包括将由动态运动设备产生的过量能量存储在存储装置中。
更具体地说，本发明涉及如下内容：
(1)、一种用于在患者体内形成限制的系统，包括：
能够在患者体内形成限制的可植入限制装置，该可植入限制装置包括通信构件，该通信构件具有动态运动设备，该动态运动设备能够可操作地将运动转化成能量，从而为所述可植入限制装置提供动力。
(2)、如第(1)项所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备包括外壳和设置该外壳内的磁体。
(3)、如第(2)项所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备还包括围绕所述外壳设置的线圈。
(4)、如第(3)项所述的系统，其中，所述线圈与所述可植入限制装置电通信。
(5)、如第(3)项所述的系统，其中，所述线圈包括铁氧体磁心，以增强或加强耦合。
(6)、如第(2)项所述的系统，其中，所述磁体能够相对于所述线圈运动以便产生电能，从而为所述可植入限制装置提供动力。
(7)、如第(6)项所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备还包括存储装置，用于存储由所述磁体的运动而产生的电能。
(8)、如第(1)项所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备包括配重，该配重与传动齿轮连接并被构造成当所述动态运动设备响应于患者的运动而旋转时围绕枢轴点自由旋转。
(9)、如第(8)项所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备还包括发电机，该发电机被构造成接收来自所述传动齿轮的机械能并将机械能转化成电能，从而为所述可植入限制装置提供动力。
(10)、如第(1)项所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备包括压电装置，该压电装置被构造成将患者体内的内部肌肉和/或器官的运动转化成电能，从而为所述可植入限制装置提供动力。
(11)、如第(1)项所述的系统，还包括能够接收来自所述可植入限制装置的数据的外部装置。
(12)、如第(1)项所述的系统，其中，所述通信构件能够接收和发送数据。
(13)、如第(11)项所述的系统，其中，所述外部装置包括测量仪，该测量仪用于有效地指示所述可植入限制装置中的带电状态。
(14)、如第(1)项所述的系统，还包括驱动器，该驱动器能够产生所述动态运动设备的至少一部分运动，从而有效地为所述可植入限制装置提供动力。
(15)、如第(2)项所述的系统，还包括外部振荡电磁体，该外部振荡电磁体能够诱导设置在所述外壳内的磁体中的共振振荡。
(16)、如第(1)项所述的系统，其中，所述可植入限制装置包括胃束带和与该胃束带连通的外壳。
(17)、如第(16)项所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备包括压电装置，该压电装置被构造成将患者的胃抵靠所述胃束带的消化运动转化成电能，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。
(18)、一种用于为可植入限制装置提供动力的方法，包括：
驱动与植入患者体内的可植入限制装置连接的通信构件，从而为所述可植入限制装置提供动力，
其中所述通信构件包括动态运动设备。
(19)、如第(18)项所述的方法，其中，所述动态运动设备包括金属线和磁体，该金属线和由所述磁体产生的磁场相对彼此运动，由此产生电能，从而为所述可植入限制装置提供动力。
(20)、如第(19)项所述的方法，其中，所述金属线和所述磁场响应于患者的运动而相对彼此运动。
(21)、如第(19)项所述的方法，其中，所述动态运动设备由外部振荡电磁体驱动，该外部振荡电磁体诱导所述磁体中的共振振荡。
(22)、如第(19)项所述的方法，其中，所述动态运动设备由振动元件驱动，该振动元件使所述金属线运动穿过所述磁场。
(23)、如第(18)项所述的方法，其中，所述动态运动设备包括与传动齿轮连接的配重，该配重响应于患者的运动围绕枢轴点自由旋转。
(24)、如第(23)项所述的方法，其中，所述配重和传动齿轮的旋转产生机械能，该机械能被转化成电能，从而为所述可植入限制装置提供动力。
(25)、如第(18)项所述的方法，其中，所述动态运动设备包括压电装置，该压电装置将患者体内的内部肌肉和/或器官的运动转化成能量，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。
(26)、如第(18)项所述的方法，其中，所述可植入限制装置包括围绕胃设置以形成限制的胃束带和与该胃束带连通的外壳。
(27)、如第(26)项所述的方法，其中，所述动态运动设备包括压电装置，该压电装置将胃抵靠所述胃束带的消化运动转化成电能，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。
(28)、如第(18)项所述的方法，其中，所述通信构件与外部装置相通信，并且所述外部装置从所述通信构件接收数据，所述数据包括所述可植入限制装置中的流体压力的至少一种测量结果。
(29)、如第(28)项所述的方法，其中，所述外部装置包括指示所述可植入限制装置的带电状态的测量仪。
(30)、如第(18)项所述的方法，其中，所述通信构件确定所述可植入限制装置中的流体压力。
(31)、如第(18)项所述的方法，其中，来自所述动态运动设备的过量能量被存储在用于存储电能的存储装置中，以备随后使用。
附图说明
通过下列结合附图的详细描述，本发明将可更全面地被理解，其中：
图1是植入到患者体内在患者的胃中形成限制的食物摄入限制系统的视图；
图2是为图1的食物摄入限制系统提供动力的光动力装置的视图；
图3是为图1的食物摄入限制系统提供动力的热电动力装置的视图；
图4是为图1的食物摄入限制系统提供动力的动态运动动力装置的一种实施方式的视图；
图5是为图1的食物摄入限制系统提供动力的动态运动动力装置的另一种实施方式的视图；和
图6是为图1的食物摄入限制系统提供动力的动态运动动力装置的再一种实施方式的视图。
具体实施方式
现在将描述一些示例性实施方式以提供对本文中公开的装置和方法的结构、功能、制造方法以及用途的原理的全面理解。这些实施方式的一个或多个例子在附图中示出。本领域普通技术人员将会理解，在本文中特别描述并在附图中示出的装置和方法都是非限制性的示例性实施方式，本发明的范围仅仅由权利要求书来限定。结合一种示例性实施方式示出或描述的特征可与其他实施方式的特征组合。所述修改和变化也都包含在本发明的范围内。
本发明提供了各种动力装置用于将来自外部源的能量经过组织传递到植入在患者体内的通信构件。传递到通信构件的能量可被用于为被植入以在患者体内的路径中形成限制的可植入限制装置提供动力。虽然在这里公开的本发明可被用于本领域已知的各种可植入限制装置，但是图1示出了食物摄入限制系统10的一种示例性实施方式。如图所示，系统10总的包括被构造成围绕患者的胃40上部定位的可调节胃束带20。另外，系统10可包括通信构件，该通信构件能够为被构造成在系统10中执行任意数量的任务的各种装置提供动力，如下所述。
通信构件可被定位在系统10中的任何位置。例如，在一种实施方式中，通信构件可被设置在图1中显示的注射端口30中。注射端口30可与胃束带流体连通以便允许流体被引入到胃束带20中和从胃束带20中除去，从而改变由胃束带提供的限制大小。作为替代或附加地，通信构件可设置在可容纳各种元件的外壳60中。在示出的实施方式中，系统10包括注射端口30和外壳60。注射端口30和外壳60都可与可调节胃束带20连接，例如经过导管50连接。本领域技术人员将会理解，系统不必包括注射端口和/或外壳，并且通信构件可定位在沿着系统10的任何位置。
在示例性实施方式中，通信构件可转换从外部源接收到的能量，从而为系统10内的装置提供动力，所述装置测量和/或监测系统10的各种状态、对胃束带20和/或系统10的其他方面进行调节、和/或测量/监测各种生理参数。所述装置可包括例如传感器、泵、束带和/或任何其他具有需要电源的电路的监测和/或调节装置。通信构件可被构造成从外部源反复接收能量，将能量转化成电能，并将电能存储在电容器、电池或者本领域已知的其他电能储存装置中，以便系统10中的装置以后使用。作为替代，在需要时通信构件可被构造成将转化的电能直接输送给所述装置。另外，通信构件可被构造成将数据传输到外部源并从外部源接收数据。例如，通信构件可从外部源接收与为系统10提供动力有关的指令信号。通信构件还可将在患者身体中获得的各种解剖测量结果传输到外部装置或者读取器，并传输有关系统10的带电状态的信息。
通信构件可采取本领域已知的任何形式，下面详细提供了通信构件的各种实施方式。在一些示例性实施方式中，通信构件可采取如下形式：能够从外部源接收能量用于测量和监测系统10的各种参数的传感器；天线，诸如双极天线、具有合适虚接地(counterpoise)的单极天线、或者能够通过组织接收能量的感应线圈；和/或能够辅助系统10和/或其他与系统10有关的生理参数的提供动力、测量、监测和/或调节的本领域已知的其他装置。
在图2中显示的一种示例性实施方式中，通信构件为适于从外部设备200接收光波216的光伏电池阵列或者太阳能电池210。能量外部设备200可包括产生光波216的光源。光源可以本领域已知的许多方式构造，但在图示的实施方式中，其为经电缆240与电源230(诸如电源插座或者电池)电连接的手持式外部装置220的形式。外部装置220还可包括开关250，该开关250使用户能够根据需要接通或断开该外部装置220。当外部装置220处于“接通”位置时，该外部装置220能够产生大约0.70μm到1000μm的红外光范围内的光波216。作为替代或者附加，外部装置220可被构造成产生大约400nm到750nm的可见光范围内的光波216或者大约250nm到400nm的紫外光范围内的光波216。尽管在图2中没有显示，外部装置220还可包括测量仪，用于有效地指示光波216是否在外部装置220与为可植入限制装置有效提供动力和/或充电的太阳能电池210之间传输。由测量仪给出的指示可采取本领域已知的任何通知方式的形式，包括灯(诸如发光二极管)、听觉噪声和/或振动。作为替代，硅纳米线可按比例将光能转化成电能，从而为小功率传感器装置提供动力。
在示例性实施方式中，在使用时太阳能电池210可被植入到组织表面之下，诸如患者腹部或者筋膜层中。用户可将外部装置220靠近植入的太阳能电池210定位并将光波216定向为向着植入到患者皮肤表面附近的太阳能电池210的表面。太阳能电池210可接收并吸收光波216，使用本领域公知的方法将光波216转化成电能，并将电能存储在诸如电容器或者电池的装置中，以便后来由可植入限制装置使用。作为替代，太阳能电池210可立即经电缆260传递能量和/或以无线方式传递能量，从而为可植入限制装置中的其他装置提供动力，以便监测和/或调节胃束带或者执行上面描述的其他任务。
在图3中显示的另一种实施方式中，通信构件可以是被构造成使用温差产生电能的温差发电机306的形式，诸如珀耳帖(Peltier)装置。外部装置可包括适于为植入到患者体内的可植入限制装置提供动力的热电动力装置300。在示例性实施方式中，温差发电机306可被植入到患者皮肤下面，并可通过提供与体温不同的外部温度源产生跨过温差发电机306的温差。如图所示，温差发电机306可包括第一侧302，该第一侧302从患者身体朝外并紧邻皮肤之下定位。温差发电机306还可包括第二侧304，该第二侧304朝向患者身体的内部。温差发电机306包括可与存储装置(诸如电容器或者电池)连接、或者与可植入限制装置内的装置直接连接的电导线312。也可包括用于监测存储装置的带电水平的部件。
如图3所示，热电动力装置包括温度源310。本领域技术人员将会理解，温度源310可以是能够产生与温差发电机306的第二侧304有关的温度不同的温度的任何装置或者元件。例如，如果温差发电机306的第二侧304的温度为解剖参考温度诸如人的体温，则温度源310可以是温度比解剖参考温度冷的一块冰。作为替代，温差发电机306的第一侧302可设置成与体内的大血管接触，因为身体使用血流将热量传递到身体各部分并从身体各部分传递热量。天然温度梯度存在于血管与身体之间的身体部分中，因此存在于第一侧302与第二侧304之间，其可被用于产生动力。
在示例性实施方式中，在使用时，当患者或者医生将温度源310(例如冰)设置在组织表面316上靠近植入的温差发电机306的第一侧302处时，形成跨过发电机306的温差，从而引起发电机306产生电能。患者和/或医生可将温度源310设置在患者皮肤的覆盖植入的温差发电机306的第一侧302的区域上。温度源310可改变温差发电机的第一侧302的温度，使得第一侧302与第二侧304之间存在能有效地产生电能的温差。在另一个例子中，温度源310可以是被用作热电冷却器的第二个珀耳帖装置，使装置的一侧比植入的温差发电机306的第二侧304的温度更低。热电冷却器然后可邻近靠近植入的温差发电机306的第一侧302的组织表面316设置，从而形成跨过温差发电机306的温差以产生电能。作为替代，温度源310可以是与可植入限制装置连接或者位于可植入限制装置内的传导元件的涡电流加热。涡电流可由感应耦合的外部交流电源产生。加热可受到控制，例如由传导元件的质量、元件的尺寸和形状、传导元件的磁导率、传导元件的电阻率、外部电源耦合频率或者外部电源输出水平等控制。在一种示例性实施方式中，热源可以是设置在组织表面上或组织表面附近的加热垫。产生的电能然后可由可植入限制装置内的装置在需要时使用。
温度源310可替代地与外部装置320连接或者设置在外部装置320中。外部装置320可包括测量仪，该测量仪指示在温度源310与有效地为可植入限制装置充电和/或提供动力的温差发电机306之间是否存在温差。由测量仪给出的指示可采取本领域已知的任何通知方式的形式，包括灯(诸如发光二极管)、听觉噪声和/或振动。如果温度源310为冰或者不需要电源的另一种温度元件，则不必为提供动力目的而设置外部装置320。如果温度源310为如图3中所示的热电冷却器或者其他电动温度源，则外部装置320可经电导线326为温度源310提供动力。外部源320可包括电池或者其他电源，或者可经电缆330与墙壁电源连接。
图4显示了适于为可植入限制装置提供动力的动态运动设备400形式的通信构件的另一种实施方式。在一种示例性实施方式中，如图所示，动态运动设备400包括外壳，外壳中设有磁体402。外壳可以是任何形状并可由本领域已知的任何材料制成，但在示出的实施方式中，外壳为玻璃管或者圆筒404的形式，金属线或者铜线410紧紧围绕圆筒404的外表面缠绕成线圈。在这种构造中，动态运动设备400可通过包含在圆筒404中的磁体402的运动在铜线410中产生电能。磁体402在圆筒404中的运动可有效地引起铜线410运动通过磁场，由此导致产生电，如同本领域技术人员理解的那样。提供与铜线410连接的电导线408，将由动态运动设备406产生的电能运载到存储装置或者在需要时直接运载到可植入限制装置中的装置。也可包括用于监测存储装置的带电水平的部件。
虽然许多构造都是可能的，但是在一种示例性实施方式中，动态运动设备400可被植入到患者体内，身体的物理运动有效地使磁体402在圆筒404中运动。例如，患者可进行任何运动，诸如行走、跑步、跳跃、晃动等，并且这可引起磁体402在圆筒404中横向运动、旋转运动或者它们的任意组合，从而在铜线406中产生电能。在另一个例子中，动态运动设备400可被植入到患者体内，使身体内更细微但可预测的物理运动有效地使磁体402在圆筒404中运动。能够产生动力的患者体内的内部运动的例子包括但不限于与呼吸有关的运动(例如横膈膜的运动)、消化运动(例如通过胃肠道的任何部分的蠕动波)、和/或循环系统内的振荡运动(例如动脉系统中的搏动流、心脏的运动等)。
作为替代或附加，动态运动设备400可包括外部驱动器。在图4中显示的实施方式中，外部驱动器包括与动态运动设备400相同的元件，即外壳414、磁体412和铜线416，以形成外部电磁体420。外部电磁体420可通过为铜线416供电而手动地被驱动以引起磁体412振荡。当磁体412振荡时，在设置在动态运动设备400中的磁体402中诱导共振振荡，由此导致产生电，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。本领域技术人员将会理解，在动态运动设备400内的磁体402中有效地产生振荡、振动或者其他运动的任何驱动器或者振动元件(内部或外部)都可被用于产生动力。一种另外的替代可包括将由自然和有规律发生的事件(诸如呼吸)产生的压力中的振荡梯度转化成流体流动，该流体流动诱导磁体402的振荡移动和/或旋转运动。此外，动态运动设备400可具有各种其他构造，在这些构造中能量通过由这些运动引起的运动或者压力梯度产生。
虽然在图4中未显示，外部装置还可被设置以与外部驱动器通信，并且外部装置可将从电池或者其他电源得到的动力提供给外部驱动器。外部驱动器还可包括测量仪，该测量仪指示通信构件的带电状态和/或在外部驱动器与动态运动设备400之间是否正确对准。例如，测量仪可指示可植入限制装置中的电路和/或装置是否需要由动态运动设备400充电，或者它们是否被充满电。作为替代或附加，测量仪可指示正试图在动态运动设备400中产生共振振荡的外部驱动器的正确对准。由测量仪给出的指示可采取本领域已知的任何通知方式的形式，包括灯(诸如发光二极管)、听觉噪声和/或振动。
在另一种示例性实施方式中，提供的动态运动设备能够可操作地将运动转化成能量，从而为可植入限制装置提供动力。在图5中显示的一种实施方式中，提供了动态运动设备500，其可包括与轴504连接的配重502，使配重502可响应于患者的动作和运动围绕轴504自由枢转。配重502和轴504可由本领域已知的任何生物相容性材料制成，包括不锈钢、钛、钴铬以及任意数目的聚合物塑料。传动齿轮506可内装于配重502的中空部分中，在一种实施方式中，传动齿轮506可与配重502直接连接，使传动齿轮506响应于配重502的运动而运动。传动齿轮506还可与发电机510的传动系连接。当传动齿轮506响应于配重502运动时，该传动齿轮506使小齿轮508旋转，小齿轮508进而使转子514高速旋转。这种旋转则可诱导通过定子516的电流，由此为电容器512充电。发电机510由此将来自配重503的运动的机械能转化成电能。
由发电机510产生的电能可被用于直接为可植入限制装置提供动力或者其可被存储在蓄能元件512中以便以后使用。在示例性实施方式中，蓄能元件512可以是包含提供有效传导表面的锂离子的电容器，其可将能量存储得比由其他基质制备的典型电容器更长。在另一种实施方式中，蓄能元件512可以是高密度超电容器。本领域技术人员将会理解，任何传动装置的组合都可被用于将患者的运动与发电机耦合并且任何类型的蓄能元件512都可被用于存储电能。
在图6中显示的另一种实施方式中，提供了动态运动设备600，使胃602推压胃束带604中的流体的运动被转化成能量，从而为存储电能的充电电池或者蓄能元件606供电。当食物经过胃束带604时，在胃束带604中的压力将增加和降低。该振动能可由本领域已知的各种不同方法收集，诸如电磁转化、静电转化或者压电转化。在压电(pizeo)方法中，基于压电材料的双压电晶片振动，形成电荷，所述电荷产生具有与压电材料的尺寸和形状、力的周期和大小成比例的振幅的电压。因此，动态运动设备600可包括与胃束带604连接的压电换能器元件612，压电换能器元件612可产生与胃束带运动的位移和周期成比例的电能。本领域技术人员将会理解，可类似使用与胃束带连接的电活化聚合物元件。
在本文中公开的内部装置可被设置成单次使用的装置。在本文中公开的外部装置可被设计成在单次使用后被丢弃，或者它们可被设计成多次使用。但是，在任一情况下，装置在至少一次使用后可被再生以便重新使用。再生可包括装置的拆卸、接着清洁或替换特定部件以及随后重新组装的步骤的任意组合。特别是，装置可被拆卸，并且装置的任意数目的特定部件或部分可选择性地以任何组合被替换或者除去。当清洗和/或替换特定部分时，装置可在再生工厂或者由手术团队仅在外科手术前被重新组装以便随后使用。本领域技术人员将会理解，装置的再生可利用用于拆卸、清洗/替换以及重新组装的各种技术。所述技术的使用以及得到的再生装置都落入本发明的范围内。本文公开的可植入装置被设计成供单个患者使用。
在上述实施方式的基础上本领域技术人员将会理解本发明的进一步的特征和优选。因此，除非由权利要求书特别指明，本发明不由特别显示和描述的那些内容来限定。在本文中引证的所有出版物和参考文献通过全文引用而明确包含在本申请中。
Claims (10)
1、一种用于在患者体内形成限制的系统，包括：
能够在患者体内形成限制的可植入限制装置，该可植入限制装置包括通信构件，该通信构件具有动态运动设备，该动态运动设备能够可操作地将运动转化成能量，从而为所述可植入限制装置提供动力。
2、如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备包括外壳和设置该外壳内的磁体。
3、如权利要求2所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备还包括围绕所述外壳设置的线圈。
4、如权利要求3所述的系统，其中，所述线圈与所述可植入限制装置电通信。
5、如权利要求3所述的系统，其中，所述线圈包括铁氧体磁心，以增强或加强耦合。
6、如权利要求2所述的系统，其中，所述磁体能够相对于所述线圈运动以便产生电能，从而为所述可植入限制装置提供动力。
7、如权利要求6所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备还包括存储装置，用于存储由所述磁体的运动而产生的电能。
8、如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备包括配重，该配重与传动齿轮连接并被构造成当所述动态运动设备响应于患者的运动而旋转时围绕枢轴点自由旋转。
9、如权利要求8所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备还包括发电机，该发电机被构造成接收来自所述传动齿轮的机械能并将机械能转化成电能，从而为所述可植入限制装置提供动力。
10、如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述动态运动设备包括压电装置，该压电装置被构造成将患者体内的内部肌肉和/或器官的运动转化成电能，从而为所述可植入限制装置提供动力。
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| US12/027,820 | 2008-02-07 |
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-
2008
- 2008-02-07 US US12/027,820 patent/US8221439B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-02-06 RU RU2009104111/14A patent/RU2009104111A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-02-06 EP EP09250306A patent/EP2087862A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-02-06 JP JP2009025549A patent/JP2009183713A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 2009-02-09 CN CNA2009100071415A patent/CN101502453A/zh active Pending
- 2009-02-09 BR BRPI0900121-2A patent/BRPI0900121A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110613541A (zh) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-27 | 上海理工大学 | 一种磁控式减肥胶囊及其组件 |
| CN111544051A (zh) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-18 | 温州芳植生物科技有限公司 | 一种利用肠道推动力的自取样装置及方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2009183713A (ja) | 2009-08-20 |
| RU2009104111A (ru) | 2010-08-20 |
| US8221439B2 (en) | 2012-07-17 |
| EP2087862A1 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
| US20090204141A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
| BRPI0900121A2 (pt) | 2009-09-29 |
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