CN101163436B - 用于家用器具的锁 - Google Patents

用于家用器具的锁 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101163436B
CN101163436B CN2006800131073A CN200680013107A CN101163436B CN 101163436 B CN101163436 B CN 101163436B CN 2006800131073 A CN2006800131073 A CN 2006800131073A CN 200680013107 A CN200680013107 A CN 200680013107A CN 101163436 B CN101163436 B CN 101163436B
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closure member
sliding seat
hook spare
closing hook
washing machine
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CN101163436A (zh
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M·哈特曼
D·霍茨
C·屈奇克
E·施密德
M·施蒂克尔
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C3/00—Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively
    • E05C3/12—Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively with latching action
    • E05C3/16—Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively with latching action with operating handle or equivalent member moving otherwise than rigidly with the latch
    • E05C3/22—Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively with latching action with operating handle or equivalent member moving otherwise than rigidly with the latch the bolt being spring controlled
    • E05C3/24—Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively with latching action with operating handle or equivalent member moving otherwise than rigidly with the latch the bolt being spring controlled in the form of a bifurcated member
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/4251—Details of the casing
    • A47L15/4257—Details of the loading door
    • A47L15/4259—Arrangements of locking or security/safety devices for doors, e.g. door latches, switch to stop operation when door is open
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B63/00—Locks or fastenings with special structural characteristics
    • E05B63/18—Locks or fastenings with special structural characteristics with arrangements independent of the locking mechanism for retaining the bolt or latch in the retracted position
    • E05B63/20—Locks or fastenings with special structural characteristics with arrangements independent of the locking mechanism for retaining the bolt or latch in the retracted position released automatically when the wing is closed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C1/00—Fastening devices with bolts moving rectilinearly
    • E05C1/08—Fastening devices with bolts moving rectilinearly with latching action
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B17/00—Accessories in connection with locks
    • E05B17/0025—Devices for forcing the wing firmly against its seat or to initiate the opening of the wing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B65/00—Locks or fastenings for special use
    • E05B65/0014—Locks or fastenings for special use to prevent opening by children
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10S292/04—Automatic release latches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10S292/11—Cover fasteners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10S292/69—Washing machine or stove closure latch
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08—Bolts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08—Bolts
    • Y10T292/0863—Sliding and rotary
    • Y10T292/0867—Spring projected
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08—Bolts
    • Y10T292/0911—Hooked end
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08—Bolts
    • Y10T292/1043—Swinging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08—Bolts
    • Y10T292/1043—Swinging
    • Y10T292/1044—Multiple head
    • Y10T292/1045—Operating means
    • Y10T292/1047—Closure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/54—Trippers
    • Y10T292/558—Sliding bolt, swinging detent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/50—Special application
    • Y10T70/5093—For closures
    • Y10T70/554—Cover, lid, cap, encasing shield

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于可活动闭合元件(2)的锁(1)，尤其是用于诸如洗碗机、洗衣机、电冰箱等家用器具上的门、盖、折页等的锁。所述锁包括闭合钩件(6)，当被闭合时，所述闭合钩件(6)可以与所述闭合元件接合，和/或当被开启时，所述闭合钩件(6)可以脱离所述闭合元件。所述闭合钩件(6)可以与闭合元件(2)中的腔体(7)接合。

Description

用于家用器具的锁
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于家用器具的锁。
背景技术
家用器具，例如洗碗机、洗衣机、电冰箱等，具有门、盖、折页等，以允许进行装入或取出。为了锁定的目的，门、盖、折页等与锁相结合地操作。
文献EP0728438B1披露了一种用于洗碗机的锁定装置，其中，具有布置在其内的桥接件的切口被设置在洗碗机门的上边缘中。在锁定位置，布置在洗碗机壳体中的向下指向的悬臂元件接合在该切口中。该悬臂元件具有一个开口，其中栓元件从该开口下方突伸出来。在锁定位置，该栓元件的向前端抵靠在切口中的桥接件上。当门移动到锁定位置时，该栓元件抬起，进而触动了微动开关。
这种类型的用于家用器具上的可活动闭合元件(例如门、盖、折页或类似物)的锁，可连接到家用器具的主体上。该锁具有闭合钩件，其中在关闭时所述闭合钩件可依次与闭合元件接合，和/或在打开时可与闭合元件脱离接合。这种锁的劣势在于需要较强的关闭压力来锁定闭合元件。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种锁，以使得关闭压力能够进一步减小。
这个目的通过具有权利要求1特征的锁实现。
适合的是，闭合元件通过闭合钩件锁定，所述闭合钩件与闭合元件中的腔体相接合。如果旋转门闭锁件已经被错误地手动释放，同时闭合元件还没有被闭合，那么下面的实施例仍然能够使得闭合元件被闭合。为了这个目的，闭合钩件通过弹簧定位在滑动座中。另外，闭合钩件的接触表面相对闭合元件是倾斜的。当闭合元件被关闭时，由于所述倾斜的接触表面，闭合钩件被挤压到滑动座中，并且然后向后滑动到闭合元件中的腔体中。
最后，所述锁还可以设计成在儿童安全方面具有改进。为了这个目的，在锁定位置，止动栓柱与引导件以这样一种方式接合，即滑动座中栓柱的运动被阻止。作为儿童安全措施，当闭合元件被开启时，所述止动栓柱可以被解锁，从而它不再与引导件相接合。可以从壳体外部接近的杆设置在锁上，用于手动致动所述止动栓柱。
本发明实现的优点特别在于所述锁确实能够发挥作用，并且更方便组装。另外，虽然它具有较强的功能性，但是锁是廉价的，并且因此特别适用于对价格敏感的家用器具。
附图说明
本发明的示例性实施例具有各种改进和设计，且在附图中示出并且下面进行更详细地描述。附图示出了：
图1是锁的分解图；
图2显示了图1中的锁处于与闭合元件相锁定接合的状态；
图3显示了从一侧观察的锁的立体图；
图4是从另一侧观察的图3的锁的视图；
图5是锁的剖视图，其中滑动座处于锁定位置；
图6是从相反侧观察的图5的剖视图；
图7是穿过锁的剖切图，其中滑动座处于解锁位置；
图8是从相反侧观察的、图7的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1显示了用于可活动闭合元件2的锁1的各个部件。仅示意性示出的闭合元件2可以用于诸如洗碗机、洗衣机、电冰箱等家用器具上的门、盖、折页或类似物，其中所述闭合元件2以公知的方式利用可活动铰链连接到家用器具的主体上。
锁1具有壳体3，其中在壳体3中布置有滑动座(slidingcarriage)4，该滑动座可以在锁定位置和解锁位置之间移动。在图5和6中可以看到锁定位置，且在图7和8中可以看到解锁位置。沿锁定位置的方向利用弹簧5对滑动座4加载。闭合钩件6布置在滑动座4上。如图2所示，当闭合元件2关闭时，所述闭合钩件6能够与闭合元件2相接合。为此目的，闭合钩件6可以与闭合元件2中的腔体7相接合并且锁定。当闭合元件2打开时，闭合钩件6通过离开腔体7而从闭合元件2处脱离接合，但在视图中对此没有详细显示。
从图1中进一步可以得出，旋转门闭锁件(latch)8设置在壳体3之中和/或之上，且可以被旋转。当闭合元件2被关闭时，旋转门闭锁件8可以与闭合元件2相结合地操作。通过以这种方式一起操作，旋转门闭锁件8然后以这样一种方式致动滑动座4，即当闭合元件2关闭时，滑动座4在弹簧5的压力的作用下移动到图5所示的锁定位置。为了与闭合元件2相结合地进行操作，布置在壳体3一侧上的旋转门闭锁件8例如在一种类型的孔9的位置处突出到壳体3外，或者突伸到壳体3的上方，如图3和4所示。
从图5或7中可以看出，用于滑动座4的引导件10布置在壳体3中，用于将滑动座4移动到锁定位置。
旋转门闭锁件8通过杆11作用在滑动座4上，且为此目的，连接件12位于杆11上。然后，杆11上的连接件12与凸出块13以这样一种方式相结合地作用在滑动座4上，即在闭合元件2被闭合时，杆11通过栓柱(dowel)20使滑动座4在引导件10中移动。
弹簧5设计为螺旋拉簧，且悬挂在滑动座4上的内部连接件14上和壳体3中的外部连接件15上。此外，如图5所示，外部连接件15在锁定位置相对于内部连接件14偏移，以使得弹簧5以这样一种方式与滑动座4相接合，即在闭合元件2被打开时，力沿解锁位置方向作用在滑动座4上。
如图1所示，闭合钩件6利用螺旋压缩弹簧16被放置在滑动座4中。此外，闭合钩件6具有用于闭合元件2的倾斜接触表面17(如图5所示)，用于提供所谓的自恢复效果，以下将具体解释该效果。最后，在锁定位置，止动栓柱18与引导件10相接合，阻止滑动座4中的栓柱20的移动。作为儿童安全措施，在闭合元件2被打开时，止动栓柱18可以被解锁(unlatch)，以使得它不再与引导件10相接合。可从壳体3外部接近的杆19布置在壳体3上，以使得可以手动致动所述止动栓柱18。
在以下部分详细解释本发明的锁1的操作以及用于拉紧的路径，其中为了简化的目的，闭合元件2被称为门，且家用器具被称为洗碗机。
通过设计，锁1在关闭压力的协助下保持洗碗机的门2闭合。通过克服所述压力，门2可以在任何时间打开。
当门2闭合时，其致动了旋转门闭锁件8。与旋转门闭锁件8一起，带有闭合钩件6的滑动座4通过带有连接件12的杆11向下移动，直到由拉簧5所牵拉的滑动座4可向后滑动到它的引导件10中。在向下运动过程中，闭合钩件6落到门2中的腔体7中，且利用该腔体7来拉动门。拉簧的力牵拉所述门2紧靠橡胶密封件，直到力处于平衡状态。该关闭过程可参考图7进行解释。
当门被打开时，闭合钩件6带着滑动座4，直到滑动座4在杆11的连接件12上方向上卡扣。门2被释放。利用杆11，旋转门闭锁件8返回到其初始位置。这个打开过程可以借助图5详细解释。
还具有一个被称为自恢复(self-recovery)效果的额外功能。存在这样一种可能性，即旋转门闭锁件8可能会被手动错误释放，同时没有和门2相接合。锁1处于关闭位置，且门2仍然打开。针对这种可能性，闭合钩件6通过弹簧被定位在滑动座4中，且在其外侧上具有倾斜接触表面17。这样，当锁1处于关闭位置时，门2可以利用这个装置进行关闭。弹簧加载的闭合钩件6被挤压到滑动座4中，任何一旦门完全关闭，所述闭合钩件就反向滑动到门2中的腔体7中。当门2被打开时，锁1再次处于正确的位置。
另外，提供了可选的补充功能，用作防止儿童无意打开所述门的儿童安全特征。为了打开门2，可以从外部接近的杆19必须被用于使止动栓柱18解锁，该止动栓柱18防止滑动座4向上移动。用于在出现过高气压的情况下打开门3以排放空气的路径没有被堵塞。儿童安全机构可以被打开和关闭。即使在儿童安全机构锁定的情况下，门2仍然可以通过使用额外的力被打开，例如从内侧在门2上推动。
根据本发明的优选方案具有以下优点。通过在滑动座4中重新定位拉簧悬挂点，可以减少关闭压力。具有连接件12的杆11被创造性地内置到壳体3中。不需要单独的杆和相关的组装过程。旋转门闭锁件8现在借助于凸出块13直接使滑动座4向下移动。为了单独重新定位旋转门闭锁件8，需要弹簧。为了改进儿童安全机构的组装，利用压缩弹簧来代替扭簧(leg spring)。旋转中心需要重新定位，以使得增加保持力。
本发明不限于所描述和所示意的示例性实施例。相反，本发明包括在本发明权利要求所限定的范围内所有的进一步技术进展。例如，锁1可以在可活动闭合元件2上反向顺序地布置，进而闭合钩件6接合在家用器具的主体中。此外，这样一个锁1不仅仅使用在家用器具中，也可以使用在汽车、房屋或其它当中。
附图标记列表
1：锁
2：闭合元件/门
3：壳体
4：滑动座
5：弹簧/螺旋拉簧
6：闭合钩件
7：腔体
8：旋转门闭锁件
9：孔
10：引导件
11：杆
12：连接件(在杆上)
13：凸出块(在滑动座上)
14：内部连接件(位于滑动座上，用于弹簧)
15：外部连接件(位于壳体上，用于弹簧)
16：螺旋压缩弹簧(用于闭合钩件)
17：倾斜接触表面
18：止动栓柱
19：杆(用于致动止动栓柱)
20：栓柱(位于滑动座上)

Claims (6)

1.一种洗碗机，具有用于可活动闭合元件(2)的锁，用于洗碗机的门，具有闭合钩件(6)，当被闭合时，所述闭合钩件(6)可以与所述闭合元件(2)接合，和/或当被开启时，所述闭合钩件(6)可以脱离所述闭合元件(2)；可以使闭合钩件(6)接合在闭合元件(2)中的腔体(7)中，其特征在于，闭合钩件(6)设置在滑动座(4)上，所述滑动座可在锁定位置和解锁位置之间移动。
2.如权利要求1所述的洗碗机，其特征在于，闭合钩件(6)通过弹簧定位在滑动座(4)中。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的洗碗机，其特征在于，该闭合钩件(6)具有倾斜的接触表面(17)，用于所述闭合元件(2)。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的洗碗机，其特征在于，在锁定位置，阻止滑动座(4)中的栓柱(20)的止动栓柱(18)与引导件(10)接合，并且作为儿童安全措施，当闭合元件(2)被开启时，所述止动栓柱(18)脱离引导件(10)。
5.如权利要求4所述的洗碗机，其特征在于，用于锁(1)的、可以从壳体(3)的外部接近的杆(19)被设置，用于手动致动所述止动栓柱(18)。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的洗碗机，其特征在于，可活动的滑动座(4)与闭合钩件(6)一起设置在洗碗机的主体上。
CN2006800131073A 2005-04-19 2006-04-13 用于家用器具的锁 Active CN101163436B (zh)

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US20090072550A1 (en) 2009-03-19
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