WO2017057500A1 - 変性炭化水素樹脂及びその製造方法、並びにホットメルト粘接着剤組成物 - Google Patents
変性炭化水素樹脂及びその製造方法、並びにホットメルト粘接着剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017057500A1 WO2017057500A1 PCT/JP2016/078695 JP2016078695W WO2017057500A1 WO 2017057500 A1 WO2017057500 A1 WO 2017057500A1 JP 2016078695 W JP2016078695 W JP 2016078695W WO 2017057500 A1 WO2017057500 A1 WO 2017057500A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/46—Reaction with unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, e.g. maleinisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/28—Reaction with compounds containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F236/045—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated conjugated hydrocarbons other than butadiene or isoprene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F240/00—Copolymers of hydrocarbons and mineral oils, e.g. petroleum resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J115/00—Adhesives based on rubber derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J145/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic or in a heterocyclic system; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J147/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a modified hydrocarbon resin, a method for producing the same, and a hot melt adhesive composition, and more particularly, a hot melt adhesive composition having low odor, excellent hue, and high peel adhesive strength.
- the present invention relates to a modified hydrocarbon resin capable of imparting water, a method for producing the same, and the hot-melt adhesive composition.
- Hot melt adhesives solidify in a short time, so that various products can be bonded efficiently, and since no solvent is required, the adhesive is highly safe to the human body. Since it is an adhesive, it is used in various fields. For example, when manufacturing sanitary products such as food, clothing, electronic equipment, cosmetics and other paper, cardboard, film packaging sealing adhesives, paper diapers, sanitary products, etc. Hot melt adhesives have been used as adhesives for making them, and as pressure-sensitive adhesives constituting pressure-sensitive adhesive layers of pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes and labels.
- Hot melt adhesive is usually produced by blending a base polymer with a tackifying resin.
- a modified hydrocarbon resin obtained by allowing an acid or an acid anhydride to act on a hydrocarbon resin as a tackifying resin has attracted attention.
- modified hydrocarbon resins are known to impart new properties (such as water-resistant adhesion) that are not found in conventional tackifying resins to hot melt adhesives.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a hydrocarbon obtained by copolymerizing 100 parts by weight of a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon and 5 to 100 parts by weight of a hydrocarbon mainly composed of an unsaturated hydrocarbon having 4 to 5 carbon atoms.
- a modified hydrocarbon resin having an acid value of 1-150 (mgKOH / g) and a weight average molecular weight of 300-5000, which is obtained by graft copolymerization with at least one selected from monoolefin dicarboxylic acid and anhydride thereof.
- the modified hydrocarbon resin is effective for adhesives using some acrylic base polymers, but is compatible with adhesives using ethylene base polymers and rubber base polymers. It is bad, and sufficient adhesive strength cannot be obtained. Further, since the amount of vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon copolymerization is large, odor derived from residual monomers is also a problem.
- Patent Document 2 includes a reaction product such as an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monomer having 5 carbon atoms, an isoolefin monomer, and a dicarboxylic acid or an acid anhydride, and has a predetermined acid value and composition ratio.
- An acid-modified hydrocarbon resin is disclosed.
- the acid-modified hydrocarbon resin has a very poor hue and has a problem of odor at a high temperature in a hot melt state.
- an object of the present invention is a modified hydrocarbon resin capable of providing a hot-melt adhesive composition having a low odor, excellent hue, and high peel adhesion, and the hot-melt adhesive
- An object is to provide an agent composition.
- the present inventors synthesized a hydrocarbon resin by addition polymerization of a monomer mixture having a specific composition, and the hydrocarbon resin was further acid-modified. It has been found that a modified hydrocarbon resin having an excellent hue can be obtained. Further, the present inventors have found that by using the modified hydrocarbon resin, a hot melt adhesive composition having low odor, excellent hue and high peel adhesive strength can be obtained. The present invention has been completed based on this finding.
- the 1,3-pentadiene monomer unit is 20 to 70% by mass
- the alicyclic monoolefin monomer unit having 4 to 6 carbon atoms is 10 to 35% by mass
- the carbon number is 4 to 8.
- a resin having an acid anhydride group a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 1,000 to 4,000, a Z average molecular weight (Mz) of 2,500 to 10,000, and a weight average molecular weight
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- Mz Z average molecular weight
- the Z average molecular weight ratio (Mz / Mw) is 1.5 to 2.5
- the Gardner color number of a 50% by weight toluene solution is 5 or less
- the softening point is 30 ° C. or more
- the acid value is 1. ⁇ 20KOHmg / g That modified hydrocarbon resin is provided.
- a method for producing the modified hydrocarbon resin comprising an aluminum halide (A), a halogenated hydrocarbon (B1) in which a halogen atom is bonded to a tertiary carbon atom, and a carbon-carbon.
- a halogenated hydrocarbon (B) selected from the group consisting of a halogenated hydrocarbon (B2) in which a halogen atom is bonded to a carbon atom adjacent to the unsaturated bond is used as a polymerization catalyst, 20 to 70% by mass of 1,3-pentadiene, 10 to 35% by mass of alicyclic monoolefin having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, 5 to 30% by mass of acyclic monoolefin having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, 0 to 1% by mass of alicyclic diolefin, and aromatic monoolefin
- Polymerization step of cationic polymerization of monomer mixture A containing 10 to 40% by mass at 65 ° C. or less, unsaturated carboxylic acid or unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride added to the resin obtained in the polymerization step Method for producing a modified hydrocarbon resin characterized by having a modified step of acid-modified by response is provided.
- the mixture M is prepared by mixing the aluminum halide (A) and the alicyclic monoolefin, and then at least the 1,3 It is preferable to mix the mixture M with the mixture a containing pentadiene, the acyclic monoolefin and the aromatic monoolefin.
- the halogenated hydrocarbon (B) is further mixed together with the mixture a and the mixture M in the polymerization step.
- a hot melt adhesive composition comprising the modified hydrocarbon resin and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
- the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer preferably has a vinyl acetate monomer unit content of 15 to 35% by mass.
- a modified hydrocarbon resin capable of providing a hot melt adhesive composition having a low odor, excellent hue, and high peel adhesion.
- the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention comprises 1,3-pentadiene monomer units 20 to 70% by mass and alicyclic monoolefin monomer units 10 to 35 having 4 to 6 carbon atoms. % By mass, 5 to 30% by mass of an acyclic monoolefin monomer unit having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, 0 to 1% by mass of an alicyclic diolefin monomer unit, and 10 to 10% of an aromatic monoolefin monomer unit.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is 1,000 to 4,000
- the Z average molecular weight (Mz) is 2,500 to 10,000
- the ratio of the Z average molecular weight to the weight average molecular weight (Mz / Mw) is 1.
- the Gardner color number of a 50% by weight toluene solution is 5 or less
- the softening point is 30 ° C. or more
- the acid value is 1 to 20 KOH mg / g.
- halogenated hydrocarbon (B1) in which a halogen atom is bonded to a tertiary carbon atom
- halogenated hydrocarbon (B2) in which a halogen atom is bonded to a carbon atom adjacent to a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond
- a halogenated hydrocarbon (B) selected from the group consisting of: 1,3-pentadiene 20-70% by mass, C4-C6 alicyclic monoolefin 10-35% by mass, C4-C8 acyclic monoolefin 5-30% by mass, alicyclic diolefin
- the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention is not necessarily limited to the resin produced by the preferred method.
- Pre-modification resin is at least 1,3-pentadiene, alicyclic monoolefin having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, acyclic monoolefin having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, and Aromatic monoolefin is used as the raw material.
- 1,3-pentadiene piperylene
- 1,3-pentadiene needs to be contained in an amount of 20 to 70% by mass, preferably 30 to 65% by mass, based on the entire polymerizable component (monomer mixture A). More preferably, it is contained at 55% by mass.
- hot-melt adhesive composition containing a modified hydrocarbon resin
- hot-melt adhesive composition which refers to a composition containing the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention.
- the hot melt adhesive composition has a short open time, low adhesive strength, and inferior ease of coating.
- the cis / trans isomer ratio in 1,3-pentadiene is not particularly limited and may be any ratio.
- the alicyclic monoolefin having 4 to 6 carbon atoms is a hydrocarbon compound having 4 to 6 carbon atoms having one ethylenically unsaturated bond and a non-aromatic ring structure in its molecular structure.
- Specific examples of the alicyclic monoolefin having 4 to 6 carbon atoms include cyclobutene, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, methylcyclobutene, and methylcyclopentene.
- the alicyclic monoolefin having 4 to 6 carbon atoms needs to be contained in an amount of 10 to 35% by mass, and 15 to 30% by mass as a proportion of the entire polymerizable component (monomer mixture A).
- the content is preferably 20 to 27.5% by mass. If the alicyclic monoolefin having 4 to 6 carbon atoms in the polymerizable component is too small, the hot-melt adhesive composition will have a short open time, low adhesive strength, and poor coating ease. . On the other hand, when the alicyclic monoolefin having 4 to 6 carbon atoms in the polymerizable component is too much, the hot melt adhesive composition is inferior in heat deterioration resistance.
- the ratio of each of the corresponding compounds may be any ratio, and is not particularly limited, but preferably contains at least cyclopentene, and has 4 to 6 carbon atoms. The proportion of cyclopentene in the alicyclic monoolefin is more preferably 50% by mass or more.
- the acyclic monoolefin having 4 to 8 carbon atoms is a chain hydrocarbon compound having 4 to 8 carbon atoms having one ethylenically unsaturated bond in its molecular structure and no ring structure.
- Specific examples of the acyclic monoolefin having 4 to 8 carbon atoms include butenes such as 1-butene, 2-butene and isobutylene (2-methylpropene); 1-pentene, 2-pentene, 2-methyl-1 -Pentenes such as butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 2-methyl-2-butene; hexenes such as 1-hexene, 2-hexene, 2-methyl-1-pentene; 1-heptene, 2-heptene Heptenes such as 2-methyl-1-hexene; 1-octene, 2-octene, 2-methyl-1-heptene, diisobutylene (2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene and 2,4,4- Octenes such as tri
- the acyclic monoolefin having 4 to 8 carbon atoms needs to be contained in an amount of 5 to 30% by mass with respect to the entire polymerizable component (monomer mixture A), and may be contained in an amount of 5 to 25% by mass.
- the content is preferably 5 to 20% by mass.
- the hot-melt adhesive composition has a short open time, low adhesive strength, and poor coating ease. .
- the hot-melt adhesive composition will be inferior in heat deterioration resistance.
- the ratio of each of the corresponding compounds may be any ratio, and is not particularly limited.
- at least 2-methyl-2-butene Preferably, at least one selected from the group consisting of isobutylene and diisobutylene is included, and the total amount of 2-methyl-2-butene, isobutylene and diisobutylene occupies in the alicyclic monoolefin having 4 to 6 carbon atoms
- the ratio is more preferably 50% by mass or more.
- An aromatic monoolefin is an aromatic compound having one ethylenically unsaturated bond in its molecular structure.
- Specific examples of the aromatic monoolefin include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyl toluene, indene, coumarone and the like.
- the aromatic monoolefin must be contained in an amount of 10 to 40% by mass, preferably 12 to 30% by mass, and preferably 13 to 25% by mass with respect to the total polymerizable component (monomer mixture A). More preferably it is contained.
- the ratio of each compound (including isomers) corresponding to the aromatic monoolefin may be any ratio, and is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable that at least styrene is contained, and styrene is contained in the aromatic monoolefin. It is more preferable that the ratio occupied by is 50% by mass or more.
- the resin before modification may contain an alicyclic diolefin as a raw material.
- An alicyclic diolefin is a hydrocarbon compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bonds and a non-aromatic ring structure in its molecular structure.
- Specific examples of the alicyclic diolefin include multimers of cyclopentadiene such as cyclopentadiene and dicyclopentadiene, and multimers of methylcyclopentadiene and methylcyclopentadiene.
- the ratio of the alicyclic diolefin in the polymerizable component (monomer mixture A) needs to be a specific ratio or less.
- the ratio of the alicyclic diolefin in the entire polymerizable component (monomer mixture A) needs to be 0 to 1% by mass, and 0 to 0.8% by mass.
- the content is preferably 0 to 0.5% by mass.
- the polymerizable component (monomer mixture A) is 1,3-pentadiene, alicyclic monoolefin having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, acyclic monoolefin having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, alicyclic diolefin, and aromatic. Other monomers other than monoolefin may be included.
- the other monomer is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having addition polymerizability other than the above-described monomers and capable of addition copolymerization with 1,3-pentadiene or the like.
- the other monomers include, for example, 4 to 6 carbon atoms other than 1,3-pentadiene such as 1,3-butadiene, 1,2-butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-hexadiene, 1,4-pentadiene.
- An unsaturated monoolefin having 7 or more carbon atoms such as cycloheptene; an acyclic monoolefin having 4 to 8 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propylene and nonene.
- the proportion of the other monomers in the polymerizable component (monomer mixture A) needs to be a specific proportion or less, specifically, the other components in the entire polymerizable component (monomer mixture A).
- the proportion of the monomer is required to be 0 to 30% by mass, preferably 0 to 25% by mass, and more preferably 0 to 20% by mass.
- a hot-melt adhesive composition will have a short open time and a low adhesive force.
- the method for producing the pre-modification resin is not particularly limited as long as the polymerizable component (monomer mixture A) having the above composition is suitably addition-polymerized.
- the resin before modification can be obtained by addition polymerization using a Friedel-Crafts type cationic polymerization catalyst.
- the following aluminum halide (A), halogenated hydrocarbon (B1) in which a halogen atom is bonded to a tertiary carbon atom, and a carbon-carbon bond are used.
- a polymerization method used as a polymerization catalyst by combining a halogenated hydrocarbon (B) selected from the group consisting of a halogenated hydrocarbon (B2) in which a halogen atom is bonded to a carbon atom adjacent to a saturated bond can be exemplified.
- the aluminum halide (A) examples include aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) and aluminum bromide (AlBr 3 ). Of these, aluminum chloride is preferably used from the viewpoint of versatility.
- the amount of the aluminum halide (A) used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.05 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts per 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable component (monomer mixture A). Part by mass.
- the activity of the polymerization catalyst becomes extremely good.
- Specific examples of the halogenated hydrocarbon (B1) in which a halogen atom is bonded to a tertiary carbon atom include t-butyl chloride, t-butyl bromide, 2-chloro-2-methylbutane, and triphenylmethyl chloride. .
- t-butyl chloride is particularly preferably used because it has an excellent balance between activity and ease of handling.
- Examples of the unsaturated bond in the halogenated hydrocarbon (B2) in which a halogen atom is bonded to a carbon atom adjacent to the carbon-carbon unsaturated bond include a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon-carbon triple bond, and an aromatic ring It also includes a carbon-carbon conjugated double bond in Specific examples of such compounds include benzyl chloride, benzyl bromide, (1-chloroethyl) benzene, allyl chloride, 3-chloro-1-propyne, 3-chloro-1-butene, 3-chloro-1-butyne, Examples include cinnamon chloride. Among these, benzyl chloride is preferably used because it is excellent in balance between activity and ease of handling.
- halogenated hydrocarbon (B) may be used by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- the amount of the halogenated hydrocarbon (B) used is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 50, more preferably 0.1 to 10, as a molar ratio to the aluminum halide (A).
- the order of adding each component of the monomer mixture and the polymerization catalyst to the polymerization reactor is not particularly limited, and may be added in any order, but the polymerization reaction is well controlled, From the viewpoint of obtaining a modified hydrocarbon resin having a more excellent hue, a monomer mixture and a part of the components of the polymerization catalyst are added to the polymerization reactor, the polymerization reaction is started, and then the remainder of the polymerization catalyst is polymerized. It is preferable to add to the vessel.
- the pre-modification resin it is preferable to first mix the aluminum halide (A) and the alicyclic monoolefin. This is because, by subjecting the aluminum halide (A) and the alicyclic monoolefin to contact treatment, gel formation can be prevented and a pre-modified resin having excellent hue can be obtained.
- the amount of the alicyclic monoolefin mixed with the aluminum halide (A) is preferably at least 5 times (mass ratio) the amount of the aluminum halide (A). If the amount of the alicyclic monoolefin is too small, the effects of preventing gel formation and improving the hue may be insufficient.
- the mass ratio of alicyclic monoolefin to aluminum halide (A) is preferably 5: 1 to 120: 1, more preferably 10: 1 to 100: 1, and even more preferably 15: 1 to 80: 1. . If the alicyclic monoolefin is used in an excessive amount from this ratio, the catalytic activity is lowered and the polymerization may not proceed sufficiently.
- the charging order is not particularly limited, and the aluminum halide (A) may be charged into the alicyclic monoolefin, and conversely, An alicyclic monoolefin may be introduced into the aluminum halide (A). Since mixing usually involves exotherm, an appropriate diluent can also be used. As the diluent, a solvent described later can be used.
- a mixture M of an aluminum halide (A) and an alicyclic monoolefin as described above a mixture a containing at least 1,3-pentadiene, an acyclic monoolefin, and an aromatic monoolefin; It is preferable to mix the mixture M.
- the mixture a may contain an alicyclic diolefin.
- the preparation method of the mixture a is not particularly limited, and each of the pure compounds may be mixed to obtain the target mixture a.
- a mixture containing the target monomer derived from a fraction of a naphtha decomposition product May be used to obtain the desired mixture a.
- the C5 fraction after extraction of isoprene and cyclopentadiene can be preferably used. It is preferable to further mix the halogenated hydrocarbon (B) together with the mixture a and the mixture M. There are no particular restrictions on the order of these three parties.
- the type of the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the polymerization reaction, but saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons or aromatic hydrocarbons are preferable.
- saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon used as the solvent include n-pentane, n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, n-heptane, 2-methylhexane, 3-methylhexane, and 3-ethylpentane.
- 2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane, 3,3-dimethylpentane, 2,2,3-trimethylbutane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, etc. 5-10 chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons; cyclic saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having 5-10 carbon atoms such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane and the like.
- aromatic hydrocarbon used as the solvent include aromatic hydrocarbons having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as benzene, toluene and xylene.
- a solvent may be used individually by 1 type and may be used as a 2 or more types of mixed solvent.
- the amount of the solvent used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 1,000 parts by mass, and preferably 50 to 500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable component (monomer mixture A). More preferred.
- a mixture of an addition polymerizable component and a non-addition polymerizable component such as a mixture of cyclopentane and cyclopentene derived from the C5 fraction is added to the polymerization reaction system, and the addition polymerizable component is a single amount. It can be used as a component of the body mixture, and the non-addition polymerizable component can be used as a solvent.
- the polymerization temperature for carrying out the polymerization reaction is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of ⁇ 20 to 100 ° C., and preferably in the range of 0 to 65 ° C. If the polymerization temperature is too low, the polymerization activity may be reduced and the productivity may be inferior. If the polymerization temperature is too high, the hue of the resin before modification obtained may be inferior.
- the pressure for performing the polymerization reaction may be atmospheric pressure or increased pressure.
- the polymerization reaction time can be appropriately selected, but is usually selected within the range of 10 minutes to 12 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 6 hours.
- the polymerization reaction can be stopped by adding a polymerization terminator such as methanol, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution or an aqueous ammonia solution to the polymerization reaction system when a desired polymerization conversion rate is obtained.
- a polymerization terminator such as methanol, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution or an aqueous ammonia solution
- a catalyst residue insoluble in the solvent, which is generated when a polymerization terminator is added to deactivate the polymerization catalyst, may be removed by filtration or the like.
- the unreacted monomer and solvent are removed, and the oligomer component having a low molecular weight is removed by steam distillation or the like, followed by cooling to obtain a solid unmodified resin.
- Examples of unsaturated carboxylic acids used for introducing carboxyl groups include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid and the like, and ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids having 8 or less carbon atoms, and Examples include Diels-Alder adducts of conjugated dienes such as 3,6-endomethylene-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic acid and ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated dicarboxylic acids having 8 or less carbon atoms.
- Examples of unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydrides used for introducing acid anhydride groups include ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydrides having 8 or less carbon atoms, such as maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, and 3 Diels-Alder adducts of conjugated dienes such as, 6-endomethylene-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride and ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides having 8 or less carbon atoms. .
- ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid anhydrides having 8 or less carbon atoms are preferred, and maleic anhydride is particularly preferred.
- These acid modifiers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the acid modification reaction is usually performed at a temperature of 50 to 300 ° C. for 5 minutes to 20 hours. If necessary, a diluent, an anti-gelling agent, a reaction accelerator and the like may be present.
- the amount of the unsaturated carboxylic acid or unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride used as an acid modifier in this reaction is usually 0.01 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin before modification in consideration of the hue of the resulting resin. The amount is 10 parts by mass, preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by mass.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention is 1,000 to 4,000, preferably 1,500 to 3,800, and 1,800 to 3 , 500 is more preferable. If the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the modified hydrocarbon resin is too small, the hot melt adhesive composition will be inferior in heat resistance deterioration. On the other hand, when the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is too large, the hot melt adhesive composition has a short open time, a low adhesive force, and inferior ease of coating.
- the Z average molecular weight (Mz) of the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention is 2,500 to 10,000, preferably 4,000 to 8,000, and preferably 5,000 to 7,000. More preferred. If the Z-average molecular weight (Mz) of the modified hydrocarbon resin is too small, the hot melt adhesive composition will be inferior in heat deterioration resistance and high temperature adhesive performance. On the other hand, when the Z average molecular weight (Mz) is too large, the hot melt adhesive composition has a short open time, a low adhesive force, and an inferior coating property.
- the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the Z-average molecular weight (Mz) of the hydrocarbon resin are determined as values in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography measurement using tetrahydrofuran as a solvent. .
- the ratio (Mz / Mw) of the Z average molecular weight to the weight average molecular weight of the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention is 1.5 to 2.5, preferably 1.6 to 2.4, 1.8 More preferably, it is ⁇ 2.35. If this ratio is too small, the hot melt adhesive composition will be inferior in heat resistance, and if this ratio is too large, the hot melt adhesive composition will have a short open time and low adhesive strength. It will be a thing.
- the Gardner color number of the 50% by mass toluene solution of the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention is 5 or less, and preferably 4 or less.
- a hydrocarbon resin having an excessively large value is inferior in hue.
- the measurement example of the Gardner color number in the present invention is as follows. A 50% by mass toluene solution is prepared for the modified hydrocarbon resin as a sample, and the Gardner color number of the solution is measured according to JIS K 0071-2.
- the softening point of the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention is 30 ° C. or higher, preferably 50 to 125 ° C., more preferably 60 to 115 ° C. If the softening point of the modified hydrocarbon resin is too low, the hot melt adhesive composition is inferior in heat deterioration resistance, and if the softening point is too high, the hot melt adhesive composition has a short open time and adhesion. Low strength and inferior ease of coating.
- the softening point in the present invention is, for example, a value measured according to JIS K 6863 for a modified hydrocarbon resin.
- the acid value of the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention is 1 to 20 KOH mg / g, preferably 3 to 17 KOH mg / g, and more preferably 5 to 15 KOH mg / g.
- the acid value in the present invention is a value measured, for example, according to JIS K 0070 for a modified hydrocarbon resin.
- the Gardner color number, softening point, and acid value of the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention can be easily adjusted to the desired range by preparing the modified hydrocarbon resin according to the blending and manufacturing method as described above. Can do.
- the modified hydrocarbon resin can be further modified if desired.
- modifiers and modification reaction formats used for such modification include monohydric alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and allyl alcohol and polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol and glycerin.
- Esterification; amidation with amines and ammonia such as methylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, tetraethylenepentamine; alkali metals or alkaline earths such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium Examples thereof include salt formation with a similar metal.
- the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention obtained as described above is excellent in hue even without being hydrogenated, taking advantage of its properties, it can be used in various applications to which conventional modified hydrocarbon resins can be applied. Can be applied.
- the modified hydrocarbon resin of the present invention is preferably used as a tackifying resin for an adhesive, and particularly preferably used as a tackifying resin for a hot melt adhesive composition.
- Hot-melt adhesive composition The hot-melt adhesive composition of the present invention is characterized by containing the modified hydrocarbon resin and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
- an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is used as a base polymer.
- the vinyl acetate monomer unit content of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is preferably 10 to 50% by mass, more preferably 15 to 40% by mass, and even more preferably 15 to 35% by mass.
- the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer those having a melt flow rate of 1 to 500 g / 10 min can be preferably used.
- the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as described above is commercially available.
- “EVAFLEX EV220 (trade name)” manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Polychemical Co., Ltd. or “VA900” manufactured by Lotte Chemical Co., Ltd. (Product name) can be preferably used.
- the mixing ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the modified hydrocarbon resin in the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 100 parts by mass of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
- the modified hydrocarbon resin is preferably blended in an amount of 50 to 500 parts by mass, more preferably 80 to 200 parts by mass. When the blending ratio of the modified hydrocarbon resin is within this range, the adhesive strength of the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention is particularly good.
- the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention may be composed only of a modified hydrocarbon resin and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, but may further contain other components.
- Other components that can be contained in the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention include waxes, antioxidants, tackifying resins other than the modified hydrocarbon resins of the present invention, polymers other than those mentioned above, and heat stability.
- Other compounding agents such as an agent, an ultraviolet absorber and a filler can be added.
- the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention is preferably a solvent-free composition that does not contain a solvent.
- the wax that can be blended in the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyethylene wax, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer wax, oxidized polyethylene wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, Fischer-Tropsh. Wax, oxidized Fischer-Tropsh wax, hydrogenated castor oil wax, polypropylene wax, by-product polyethylene wax, hydroxylated stearamide wax, and the like can be used. One type of wax may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the wax content in the hot melt adhesive composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 200 parts by mass, and preferably 20 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. It is more preferable. When the content of the wax is within this range, the obtained hot melt adhesive composition is particularly excellent in coating ease.
- the antioxidant that can be blended in the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- pentaerythritol tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ], Octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, etc.
- Hindered phenolic compounds; thiodicarboxylate esters such as dilauryl thiopropionate; phosphites such as tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite can be used.
- the amount of the antioxidant used is not particularly limited, but is usually 10 parts by mass or less, preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
- an antioxidant may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the softening agent that can be blended in the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include aromatic, paraffinic, or naphthenic process oils; liquid polymers such as polybutene and polyisobutylene. Can be used.
- a softener may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- tackifying resins can be used as the tackifying resin other than the modified hydrocarbon resin that can be blended in the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention.
- rosin modified rosins such as disproportionated rosin and dimerized rosin; esterified product of polyhydric alcohol such as glycol, glycerin and pentaerythritol and rosin or modified rosins; terpene resin; aliphatic Aromatic, alicyclic or aliphatic-aromatic copolymer hydrocarbon resins or their hydrides; phenol resins; coumarone-indene resins.
- These tackifier resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Polymers other than those described above that can be blended in the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention include conjugated diene homopolymers such as polybutadiene and polyisoprene, (styrene-butadiene) random copolymers, (styrene- Aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene block copolymers such as isoprene) random copolymers, aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene random copolymers, (styrene-butadiene) block copolymers, (styrene-isoprene) block copolymers, etc.
- Aromatic vinyl homopolymers such as polystyrene, isobutylene polymers, acrylic polymers, ester polymers, ether polymers, urethane polymers, polyvinyl chloride, etc. have elasticity at room temperature (23 ° C.) A polymer is mentioned, but it is not limited to these.
- the content of these polymers is preferably 20% by mass or less, and preferably 10% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the hot melt adhesive composition. It is more preferable that
- the method of mixing the modified hydrocarbon resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and other components added as necessary is not particularly limited.
- the method of removing a solvent by heating etc. the method of melt-mixing each component with a kneader etc. can be mentioned. From the viewpoint of performing mixing more efficiently, melt mixing is preferable among these methods.
- the temperature at the time of melt mixing is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 100 to 200 ° C.
- the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention contains the modified hydrocarbon resin as a tackifying resin, and thus has low odor, excellent hue, and high peel adhesion. Therefore, the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention can be applied to the bonding of various members, and can perform bonding with high energy and energy saving and high holding power.
- the hot melt adhesive composition of the present invention can be applied to various uses, and its use is not limited, but exhibits sufficient adhesive strength even with a small coating amount, In addition, since it has the property of being excellent in heat-resistant deterioration and hardly deteriorates in a sealing machine or the like, it is particularly suitably used as an adhesive for sealing industrial transport packaging materials. be able to.
- the modified hydrocarbon resin as a sample is analyzed by gel permeation chromatography to determine the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and Z average molecular weight (Mz) in terms of standard polystyrene, and the molecular weight distribution is expressed as a ratio of Mz / Mw. It was.
- the gel permeation chromatography analysis uses “HLC-8320GPC” manufactured by Tosoh Corporation as a measuring device, and the column uses three connected “TSKgel SuperMultipore HZ” manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, with tetrahydrofuran as a solvent. , 40 ° C. and a flow rate of 1.0 mL / min.
- melt viscosity (mPa ⁇ s) A hot melt adhesive composition as a sample was melted by heating, and the melt viscosity (mPa ⁇ s) at 180 ° C. 27 was measured with a thermocell Brookfield viscometer. The smaller the value, the better the coating ease.
- Cloud point (°C) A hot melt adhesive composition as a sample was placed in a test tube, a thermometer was inserted to the bottom, and then heated and melted to 180 ° C. Thereafter, the mixture was allowed to cool and the temperature at which the test tube bottom clouded was recorded as the cloud point.
- a hot melt adhesive composition having a size of about 10 mm ⁇ 5 mm ⁇ 5 mm was placed in a 120 mL heat-resistant container, and capped with an aluminum foil. And the heat resistant container containing this hot melt adhesive composition was put in an oven and heated under conditions of a temperature of 150 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the odor after heating was confirmed. The odor was confirmed by a panel of 6 people who were not used to the odor of petroleum resin (that is, they did not touch the odor of petroleum resin in daily life). In this test, in order to prevent olfactory fatigue, a method of dividing the panel of 6 people into 2 groups of 3 people and smelling the odor of each group was adopted.
- Example 1 A polymerization reactor was charged with a mixture of 56.1 parts of cyclopentane and 24.6 parts of cyclopentene, heated to 60 ° C., and then 0.6 parts of aluminum chloride was added (mixture M 1 ). Subsequently, a mixture comprising 41.4 parts of 1,3-pentadiene, 8.4 parts of isobutylene, 22.0 parts of styrene, 0.5 part of C4-C6 unsaturated hydrocarbon, and 7.2 parts of C4-C6 saturated hydrocarbon. a 1 and 0.2 parts of t-butyl chloride are continuously added to the polymerization reactor containing the mixture M 1 by maintaining the temperature (60 ° C.) for 60 minutes through separate lines.
- Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were the same as Example 1 except that the types and amounts of components added to the polymerization reactor and the polymerization temperature were changed as shown in Table 1 below. Modified hydrocarbon resins were obtained respectively. Note that diisobutylene, dicyclopentadiene, toluene, and benzyl chloride not described in Example 1 were mixed with t-butyl chloride together with 1,3-pentadiene and the like and subjected to polymerization. The modified hydrocarbon resins obtained in Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. These measurement results are summarized in Table 1 below. Table 2 below summarizes the composition ratios of the polymerizable component (monomer mixture A) in the raw material mixture.
- Example 5 50 parts of modified hydrocarbon resin of Example 1, 40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Polychemical Co., Ltd., trade name: EVAFLEX EV220), 10 parts of paraffin wax (melting point: 63 ° C.) and antioxidant 1.25 parts of BASF Corporation Irganox 1010 (trade name) were kneaded at 180 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a hot melt adhesive composition of Example 5. About the hot-melt-adhesive composition of this Example 5, melt viscosity, a cloud point, and peeling adhesive force were measured, and it used for the odor evaluation test. These measurement results and test results are summarized in Table 3.
- Example 6 to 8, Comparative Examples 5 to 8 Except that the hydrocarbon resin used was changed from the hydrocarbon resin of Example 1 to the hydrocarbon resins of Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 as shown in Table 3, Similarly, hot melt adhesive compositions of Examples 6 to 8 and Comparative Examples 5 to 8 were obtained. The obtained hot melt adhesive compositions of Examples 6 to 8 and Comparative Examples 5 to 8 were subjected to the same measurements and tests as in Example 5. These measurement results and test results are shown in Table 3 below.
- the hot-melt adhesive composition (Comparative Example 5) has a high cloud point exceeding 160 ° C. and a low peel adhesion (8.1 N / 25 mm). This is because the acid value of the modified hydrocarbon resin (Comparative Example 1), which is a raw material, is too low (0 KOH mg / g).
- the hot melt adhesive composition (Comparative Example 6) has a low peel adhesion (9.1 N / 25 mm). This is because the amount of the styrene monomer unit contained in the modified hydrocarbon resin (Comparative Example 2) as the raw material is too small (6.5% by mass).
- the hot-melt adhesive composition (Comparative Example 7) has a high melt viscosity (4,200 mPa ⁇ s), a cloud point higher than 120 ° C., and a low peel adhesive strength (8.5 N / 25 mm). Furthermore, the composition also has a low odor rating. This is because the weight average molecular weight and the Z average molecular weight of the modified hydrocarbon resin (Comparative Example 3) as the raw material are both too high (4,500 and 11,000).
- the hot melt adhesive composition (Comparative Example 8) is inferior in visual hue because the Gardner color number of the modified hydrocarbon resin (Comparative Example 4) as the raw material is too high.
- the composition also has a low odor rating. This is probably because the polymerization temperature was high (70 ° C.).
- the modified hydrocarbon resins of the present invention are excellent in hue because the Gardner color number is as small as 4 or less.
- the hot melt adhesive compositions (Examples 5 to 8) obtained using this modified hydrocarbon resin and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin have a low melt viscosity of 2,800 mPa ⁇ s or less. Excellent coating ease.
- these compositions have a low cloud point of 78 ° C. or lower, the open time is long.
- these compositions have a high peel adhesion of 12.3 N / 25 mm or more, they are excellent in high-temperature adhesion performance.
- the raw material modified hydrocarbon resin (Examples 1 to 4) is an alicyclic monoolefin monomer having 20 to 70% by mass of 1,3-pentadiene monomer units and 4 to 6 carbon atoms. 10 to 35% by mass unit, 5 to 30% by mass of acyclic monoolefin monomer unit having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, 0 to 1% by mass of alicyclic diolefin monomer unit, and single monomer of aromatic monoolefin It is obtained by reacting a resin containing 10 to 40% by mass of a body unit with an unsaturated carboxylic acid or an unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride, and has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 1,000 to 4,000.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the Z average molecular weight (Mz) is 2,500 to 10,000, the ratio of the Z average molecular weight to the weight average molecular weight (Mz / Mw) is 1.5 to 2.5, and the 50 mass% toluene solution Gardner color number is 5 or less, softening point is 30 Or more, and is by acid value is 1 ⁇ 20KOHmg / g.
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Abstract
Description
1.変性炭化水素樹脂及びその製造方法
本発明の変性炭化水素樹脂は、1,3-ペンタジエン単量体単位20~70質量%、炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィン単量体単位10~35質量%、炭素数4~8の非環式モノオレフィン単量体単位5~30質量%、脂環式ジオレフィン単量体単位0~1質量%、及び芳香族モノオレフィン単量体単位10~40質量%を含み、カルボキシル基又は酸無水物基を有する樹脂であり、かつ、
重量平均分子量(Mw)が1,000~4,000であり、Z平均分子量(Mz)が2,500~10,000であり、重量平均分子量に対するZ平均分子量の比(Mz/Mw)が1.5~2.5であり、50質量%トルエン溶液のガードナー色数が5以下であり、軟化点が30℃以上であり、かつ酸価が1~20KOHmg/gであることを特徴とする。
ハロゲン化アルミニウム(A)、並びに3級炭素原子にハロゲン原子が結合したハロゲン化炭化水素(B1)及び炭素-炭素不飽和結合に隣接する炭素原子にハロゲン原子が結合したハロゲン化炭化水素(B2)からなる群より選ばれるハロゲン化炭化水素(B)を重合触媒とし、
1,3-ペンタジエン20~70質量%、炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィン10~35質量%、炭素数4~8の非環式モノオレフィン5~30質量%、脂環式ジオレフィン0~1質量%、及び芳香族モノオレフィン10~40質量%を含む単量体混合物Aを65℃以下でカチオン重合する重合工程、前記重合工程で得られた樹脂に不飽和カルボン酸又は不飽和ジカルボン酸無水物を反応させることにより酸変性させる変性工程を有する方法が挙げられる。
ただし、本発明の変性炭化水素樹脂は、必ずしも上記好適な方法により製造される樹脂に限定されるものではない。
変性前樹脂は、少なくとも、1,3-ペンタジエン、炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィン、炭素数4~8の非環式モノオレフィン、及び芳香族モノオレフィンをその原料とする。
1,3-ペンタジエン(ピペリレン)は、重合性成分(単量体混合物A)全体に対する割合として、20~70質量%含有される必要があり、30~65質量%含有されることが好ましく、35~55質量%含有されることがより好ましい。重合性成分中の1,3-ペンタジエンが少なすぎると、変性炭化水素樹脂を含むホットメルト粘接着剤組成物(以下、特に断りのない限り、「ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物」とは、本発明の変性炭化水素樹脂を含む組成物を指すものとする。)が耐熱劣化性に劣るものとなる。一方、重合性成分中の1,3-ペンタジエンが多すぎると、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物は、オープンタイムが短く、接着力が低く、塗工容易性に劣るものとなる。
なお、1,3-ペンタジエンにおけるシス/トランス異性体比は任意の比でよく、特に限定されない。
炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィンは、重合性成分(単量体混合物A)全体に対する割合として、10~35質量%含有される必要があり、15~30質量%含有されることが好ましく、20~27.5質量%含有されることがより好ましい。重合性成分中の炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィンが少なすぎると、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物が、オープンタイムが短く、接着力が低く、塗工容易性に劣るものとなる。一方、重合性成分中の炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィンが多すぎると、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物が耐熱劣化性に劣るものとなる。
なお、炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィンにおいて、これに該当する各化合物の割合は任意の割合でよく、特に限定されないが、少なくともシクロペンテンが含まれることが好ましく、炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィン中にシクロペンテンの占める割合が50質量%以上であることがより好ましい。
炭素数4~8の非環式モノオレフィンは、重合性成分(単量体混合物A)全体に対する割合として、5~30質量%含有される必要があり、5~25質量%含有されることが好ましく、5~20質量%含有されることがより好ましい。重合性成分中の炭素数4~8の非環式モノオレフィンが少なすぎると、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物が、オープンタイムが短く、接着力が低く、塗工容易性に劣るものとなる。一方、重合性成分中の炭素数4~8の非環式モノオレフィンが多すぎると、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物が耐熱劣化性に劣るものとなる。
なお、炭素数4~8の非環式モノオレフィンにおいて、これに該当する各化合物(異性体を含む)の割合は任意の割合でよく、特に限定されないが、少なくとも2-メチル-2-ブテン、イソブチレン及びジイソブチレンからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種が含まれることが好ましく、炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィン中に2-メチル-2-ブテン、イソブチレン及びジイソブチレンの合計量が占める割合が50質量%以上であることがより好ましい。
芳香族モノオレフィンは、重合性成分(単量体混合物A)全体に対する割合として、10~40質量%含有される必要があり、12~30質量%含有されることが好ましく、13~25質量%含有されることがより好ましい。重合性成分中の芳香族モノオレフィンが少なすぎると、ベースポリマーとの相溶性が悪化し、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物に濁りが生じ、剥離接着力が低下する。一方、重合性成分中の芳香族モノオレフィンが多すぎると、ベースポリマーとの相溶性悪化によるホットメルト粘接着剤組成物の接着強度が低下する他、芳香族モノオレフィン由来の臭気が強くなり臭気悪化の原因となる。
なお、芳香族モノオレフィンにおいて、これに該当する各化合物(異性体を含む)の割合は任意の割合でよく、特に限定されないが、少なくともスチレンが含まれることが好ましく、芳香族モノオレフィン中にスチレンが占める割合が50質量%以上であることがより好ましい。
ただし、重合性成分(単量体混合物A)中の脂環式ジオレフィンの割合は特定割合以下である必要がある。具体的には、重合性成分(単量体混合物A)全体における脂環式ジオレフィンの割合は、0~1質量%であることが必要であり、0~0.8質量%であることが好ましく、0~0.5質量%であることがより好ましい。重合性成分A中の脂環式ジオレフィンが多すぎると、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物は、オープンタイムが短く、接着力が低く、塗工容易性に劣るものとなる。
但し、重合性成分(単量体混合物A)中の前記その他の単量体の割合は特定割合以下である必要があり、具体的に、重合性成分(単量体混合物A)全体におけるその他の単量体の割合は、0~30質量%であることが必要であり、0~25質量%であることが好ましく、0~20質量%であることがより好ましい。重合性成分中のその他の単量体が多すぎると、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物が、オープンタイムが短く、接着力が低いものとなる。
ハロゲン化アルミニウム(A)の使用量は、特に限定されないが、重合性成分(単量体混合物A)100質量部に対し、好ましくは0.05~10質量部、より好ましくは0.1~5質量部である。
3級炭素原子にハロゲン原子が結合したハロゲン化炭化水素(B1)の具体例としては、t-ブチルクロライド、t-ブチルブロマイド、2-クロロ-2-メチルブタン、トリフェニルメチルクロライドを挙げることができる。これらのなかでも、活性と取り扱いやすさとのバランスに優れる点で、t-ブチルクロライドが特に好適に用いられる。
炭素-炭素不飽和結合に隣接する炭素原子にハロゲン原子が結合したハロゲン化炭化水素(B2)における不飽和結合としては、炭素-炭素二重結合および炭素-炭素三重結合が挙げられ、芳香族環などにおける炭素-炭素共役二重結合も含むものである。このような化合物の具体例としては、ベンジルクロライド、ベンジルブロマイド、(1-クロロエチル)ベンゼン、アリルクロライド、3-クロロ-1-プロピン、3-クロロ-1-ブテン、3-クロロ-1-ブチン、ケイ皮クロライドが挙げられる。これらのなかでも、活性と取り扱いやすさとのバランスに優れる点で、ベンジルクロライドが好適に用いられる。
なお、ハロゲン化炭化水素(B)は、1種類で用いても、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
ハロゲン化炭化水素(B)の使用量は、ハロゲン化アルミニウム(A)に対するモル比で、好ましくは0.05~50、より好ましくは0.1~10の範囲である。
混合物aの調製方法は特に限定されず、それぞれ純粋な化合物を混合して目的の混合物aを得てもよいし、例えばナフサ分解物の留分などに由来する、目的の単量体を含む混合物を用いて、目的の混合物aを得てもよい。例えば、混合物aに1,3-ペンタジエンなどを配合するためには、イソプレンおよびシクロペンタジエン(その多量体を含む)を抽出した後のC5留分を好適に用いることができる。
混合物aと混合物Mと共に、ハロゲン化炭化水素(B)をさらに混合することが好ましい。これら3者の投入順序は特に制限されない。
重合反応時間は、適宜選択できるが、通常10分間~12時間、好ましくは30分間~6時間の範囲で選択される。
変性前樹脂を、不飽和カルボン酸又は不飽和ジカルボン酸無水物で処理することにより、カルボキシル基又は酸無水物基を変性前樹脂に導入し、変性炭化水素樹脂を製造する。すなわち、上記により得られた樹脂に不飽和カルボン酸又は不飽和ジカルボン酸無水物を反応(酸変性反応)させて酸変性させ、所望の変性炭化水素樹脂を得る。
カルボキシル基導入に用いられる不飽和カルボン酸の例としては、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸などの炭素数8以下のエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸、及び3,6-エンドメチレン-1,2,3,6-テトラヒドロフタル酸のような共役ジエンと炭素数8以下のα,β-不飽和ジカルボン酸とのディールス・アルダー付加物が挙げられる。
酸無水物基の導入に用いられる不飽和ジカルボン酸無水物の例としては無水マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸、無水シトラコン酸などの炭素数8以下のα,β-不飽和ジカルボン酸無水物、及び3,6-エンドメチレン-1,2,3,6-テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸のような共役ジエンと炭素数8以下のα,β-不飽和ジカルボン酸無水物とのディールス・アルダー付加物などが挙げられる。
反応の容易さ、経済性などの面では炭素数8以下のα,β-不飽和脂肪族ジカルボン酸無水物が好ましく、無水マレイン酸が特に好ましい。これらの酸変性剤は単独でまたは二種以上を組合せて用いることができる。
本発明における上記ガードナー色数の測定例は以下の通りである。試料となる変性炭化水素樹脂について50質量%トルエン溶液を調製し、当該溶液のガードナー色数をJIS K 0071-2に従い測定する。
本発明における軟化点は、例えば、変性炭化水素樹脂についてJIS K 6863に従い測定する値である。
本発明における酸価は、例えば、変性炭化水素樹脂についてJIS K 0070に従い測定する値である。
本発明のホットメルト粘接着剤組成物は、前記変性炭化水素樹脂と、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体とを含有することを特徴とする。本発明のホットメルト粘接着剤組成物において、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体はベースポリマーとして用いられる。
なお、本発明のホットメルト粘接着剤組成物は、溶剤を含まない、無溶剤の組成物であることが好ましい。
本発明のホットメルト粘接着剤組成物において、これらの重合体の含有量は、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物の全量に対して、20質量%以下であることが好ましく、10質量%以下であることがより好ましい。
各種の測定については、以下の方法に従って行った。
試料となる変性炭化水素樹脂について、ゲル・パーミエーション・クロマトグラフィー分析し、標準ポリスチレン換算値の重量平均分子量(Mw)およびZ平均分子量(Mz)を求め、分子量分布はMz/Mwの比で示した。なお、ゲル・パーミエーション・クロマトグラフィー分析は、測定装置として、東ソー社製「HLC-8320GPC」を使用し、カラムは東ソー社製「TSKgel SuperMultiporeHZ」を3本連結したものを用い、テトラヒドロフランを溶媒として、40℃、1.0mL/minの流量で測定した。
〔50質量%トルエン溶液のガードナー色数〕
試料となる変性炭化水素樹脂について、50質量%トルエン溶液を調製し、当該溶液のガードナー色数をJIS K 0071-2に従い測定した。値が小さいものほど、色相に優れる。
〔軟化点(℃)〕
試料となる変性炭化水素樹脂について、JIS K 6863に従い測定した。
〔酸価(KOHmg/g)〕
試料となる変性炭化水素樹脂について、JIS K 0070に従い測定した。
〔溶融粘度(mPa・s)〕
試料となるホットメルト粘接着剤組成物を加熱溶融させ、180℃における溶融粘度(mPa・s)を、ローターNo.27を使用し、サーモセル型ブルックフィールド粘度計により測定した。値が小さいものほど、塗工容易性に優れる。
〔曇点(℃)〕
試料となるホットメルト粘接着剤組成物を試験管に入れ、温度計を底部まで差し込んだ後、180℃まで加熱溶融させた。その後、放冷して、試験管底部に曇りを生じた温度を曇点として記録した。値が低いものほど、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物を構成する成分同士の相溶性に優れ、その結果として、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物が、オープンタイムが長く、接着力が高いものとなる。
〔剥離接着力(N/25mm)〕
23℃で、被着体としてアルミ基材を使用してPSTC-1(粘着テープ委員会(米)による180°剥離接着試験)に準じて測定した。値が高いほど良好である。
〔臭気評価試験〕
ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物の官能試験は、臭気対策研究協会発行の臭気の嗅覚測定法における臭気強度表示法に従って行った。
具体的には、まず、1粒の大きさを約10mm×5mm×5mmとしたホットメルト粘接着剤組成物10gを120mLの耐熱性容器に入れて、アルミ箔でフタをした。そして、このホットメルト粘接着剤組成物の入った耐熱性容器を、オーブンに入れて、温度150℃、30分間の条件で加熱し、加熱後の臭気の確認を行った。
臭気の確認は、石油樹脂の臭気に慣れていない(すなわち、普段の生活において、石油樹脂の臭気に触れることのない)6人のパネルにより行った。本試験においては、嗅覚疲労を防ぐため、6人のパネルを3人ずつの2班に分けて、1班ずつ臭気を嗅ぐという方法を採用した。また、臭気を嗅ぐサンプルの順番は、無作為とした。
0:無臭
1:わずかに臭う
2:臭いがはっきり分かる
3:強く臭う
4:強烈に臭う
なお、官能試験の結果は、6人のパネルの判定値のうち、最大値と最小値をそれぞれ除き、残りの4人の判定値を平均することにより求めた。官能試験の値は、小さいほうが好ましい。
重合反応器にシクロペンタン56.1部及びシクロペンテン24.6部の混合物を重合反応器に仕込み、60℃に昇温した後、塩化アルミニウム0.6部を添加した(混合物M1)。引き続き、1,3-ペンタジエン41.4部、イソブチレン8.4部、スチレン22.0部、C4-C6不飽和炭化水素0.5部、及びC4-C6飽和炭化水素7.2部からなる混合物a1と、t-ブチルクロライド0.2部とを、それぞれ、別のラインを通して、60分間に亘り温度(60℃)を維持して、前記混合物M1を含む重合反応器に連続的に添加しながら重合を行った。その後、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を重合反応器に添加して、重合反応を停止した。なお、重合反応時の重合反応器中の成分の種類及び量を表1にまとめて示した。重合停止により生成した沈殿物をろ過により除去した後、得られた重合体溶液を蒸留釜に仕込み、窒素雰囲気下で加熱し、重合溶媒と未反応単量体を除去した。
次いで、240℃以上で、飽和水蒸気を吹き込みながら、低分子量のオリゴマー成分を留去した。
重合反応器に添加する成分の種類及び量、並びに重合温度を下記表1に示すとおりにそれぞれ変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、実施例2~4及び比較例1~4の変性炭化水素樹脂をそれぞれ得た。なお、実施例1に記載のないジイソブチレン、ジシクロペンタジエン、トルエン、及びベンジルクロライドは、1,3-ペンタジエン等と共にt-ブチルクロライドと混合し、重合に供した。
得られた実施例2~4及び比較例1~4の変性炭化水素樹脂については、実施例1と同様の測定を行った。これらの測定結果は、下記表1にまとめて示した。
下記表2は、原料混合物中の重合性成分(単量体混合物A)について、その組成比をまとめたものである。
実施例1の変性炭化水素樹脂50部、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂(三井・デュポンポリケミカル社製、商品名:EVAFLEX EV220)40部、パラフィンワックス(融点:63℃)10部及び酸化防止剤(BASF社製、イルガノックス1010(商品名))1.25部を、180℃で、1時間混練して、実施例5のホットメルト粘接着剤組成物を得た。この実施例5のホットメルト粘接着剤組成物については、溶融粘度、曇点、及び剥離接着力を測定し、また、臭気評価試験に供した。これらの測定結果および試験結果は、表3にまとめて示した。
用いる炭化水素樹脂の種類を、実施例1の炭化水素樹脂から、表3に示すとおり、実施例2~4及び比較例1~4の炭化水素樹脂にそれぞれ変更したこと以外は、実施例5と同様にして、実施例6~8及び比較例5~8のホットメルト粘接着剤組成物を得た。得られた実施例6~8及び比較例5~8のホットメルト粘接着剤組成物については、実施例5と同様の測定及び試験に供した。これらの測定結果及び試験結果を、下記表3に示す。
まず、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物(比較例5)は、曇点が160℃を超えて高く、かつ剥離接着力が低い(8.1N/25mm)。これは、原料である変性炭化水素樹脂(比較例1)の酸価が低すぎる(0KOHmg/g)ためである。
次に、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物(比較例6)は剥離接着力が低い(9.1N/25mm)。これは、原料である変性炭化水素樹脂(比較例2)中に含まれるスチレン単量体単位が少なすぎる(6.5質量%)ためである。
続いて、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物(比較例7)は溶融粘度が高く(4,200mPa・s)、曇点が120℃を超えて高く、かつ剥離接着力が低い(8.5N/25mm)。さらに、当該組成物は、臭気評価も低い。これは、原料である変性炭化水素樹脂(比較例3)の重量平均分子量及びZ平均分子量がいずれも高すぎる(4,500及び11,000)ためである。
次に、ホットメルト粘接着剤組成物(比較例8)は、原料である変性炭化水素樹脂(比較例4)のガードナー色数が9と高すぎるため、目視による色相に劣る。また、当該組成物は臭気評価も低い。これは、重合温度が高め(70℃)であったためと考えられる。
以上の効果は、原料である変性炭化水素樹脂(実施例1~4)が、1,3-ペンタジエン単量体単位20~70質量%、炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィン単量体単位10~35質量%、炭素数4~8の非環式モノオレフィン単量体単位5~30質量%、脂環式ジオレフィン単量体単位0~1質量%、及び芳香族モノオレフィン単量体単位10~40質量%を含む樹脂に不飽和カルボン酸又は不飽和ジカルボン酸無水物を反応させて得られたものであり、かつ、重量平均分子量(Mw)が1,000~4,000であり、Z平均分子量(Mz)が2,500~10,000であり、重量平均分子量に対するZ平均分子量の比(Mz/Mw)が1.5~2.5であり、50質量%トルエン溶液のガードナー色数が5以下であり、軟化点が30℃以上であり、かつ酸価が1~20KOHmg/gであることによるものである。
Claims (6)
- 1,3-ペンタジエン単量体単位20~70質量%、
炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィン単量体単位10~35質量%、
炭素数4~8の非環式モノオレフィン単量体単位5~30質量%、
脂環式ジオレフィン単量体単位0~1質量%、及び
芳香族モノオレフィン単量体単位10~40質量%を含み、カルボキシル基又は酸無水物基を有する樹脂であり、かつ、
重量平均分子量(Mw)が1,000~4,000であり、Z平均分子量(Mz)が2,500~10,000であり、重量平均分子量に対するZ平均分子量の比(Mz/Mw)が1.5~2.5であり、50質量%トルエン溶液のガードナー色数が5以下であり、軟化点が30℃以上であり、かつ酸価が1~20KOHmg/gであることを特徴とする変性炭化水素樹脂。 - 前記請求項1に記載の変性炭化水素樹脂を製造する方法であって、
ハロゲン化アルミニウム(A)、並びに
3級炭素原子にハロゲン原子が結合したハロゲン化炭化水素(B1)及び炭素-炭素不飽和結合に隣接する炭素原子にハロゲン原子が結合したハロゲン化炭化水素(B2)からなる群より選ばれるハロゲン化炭化水素(B)
を重合触媒とし、
1,3-ペンタジエン20~70質量%、
炭素数4~6の脂環式モノオレフィン10~35質量%、
炭素数4~8の非環式モノオレフィン5~30質量%、
脂環式ジオレフィン0~1質量%、及び
芳香族モノオレフィン10~40質量%を含む単量体混合物Aを65℃以下でカチオン重合する重合工程、
前記重合工程で得られた樹脂に不飽和カルボン酸又は不飽和ジカルボン酸無水物を反応させることにより酸変性させる変性工程を有することを特徴とする変性炭化水素樹脂の製造方法。 - 前記重合工程において、
まず、前記ハロゲン化アルミニウム(A)と前記脂環式モノオレフィンとを混合することにより混合物Mを調製し、
次に、少なくとも前記1,3-ペンタジエン、前記非環式モノオレフィン及び前記芳香族モノオレフィンを含む混合物aと、前記混合物Mとを混合することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の変性炭化水素樹脂の製造方法。 - 前記重合工程において、
前記混合物a及び前記混合物Mと共に、前記ハロゲン化炭化水素(B)をさらに混合することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の変性炭化水素樹脂の製造方法。 - 前記請求項1に記載の変性炭化水素樹脂と、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体とを含有することを特徴とするホットメルト粘接着剤組成物。
- 前記エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体の酢酸ビニル単量体単位含有量が15~35質量%であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のホットメルト粘接着剤組成物。
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JPWO2018180462A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-30 | 2020-02-06 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 変性炭化水素樹脂 |
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EP3357939A1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
US20180258198A1 (en) | 2018-09-13 |
CN108026206B (zh) | 2020-10-16 |
EP3357939B1 (en) | 2020-06-24 |
JP6787332B2 (ja) | 2020-11-18 |
US10508161B2 (en) | 2019-12-17 |
JPWO2017057500A1 (ja) | 2018-08-09 |
CN108026206A (zh) | 2018-05-11 |
EP3357939A4 (en) | 2019-05-22 |
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