WO2016013388A1 - 希釈生体試料成分の分析方法 - Google Patents
希釈生体試料成分の分析方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016013388A1 WO2016013388A1 PCT/JP2015/069378 JP2015069378W WO2016013388A1 WO 2016013388 A1 WO2016013388 A1 WO 2016013388A1 JP 2015069378 W JP2015069378 W JP 2015069378W WO 2016013388 A1 WO2016013388 A1 WO 2016013388A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/96—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving blood or serum control standard
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/34—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving hydrolase
- C12Q1/40—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving hydrolase involving amylase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
- C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
- C12Y302/01023—Beta-galactosidase (3.2.1.23), i.e. exo-(1-->4)-beta-D-galactanase
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
- G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
- G01N33/49—Blood
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/90—Enzymes; Proenzymes
- G01N2333/914—Hydrolases (3)
- G01N2333/924—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
- G01N2333/938—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on beta-galactose-glycoside bonds, e.g. beta-galactosidase
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2496/00—Reference solutions for assays of biological material
- G01N2496/80—Multi-analyte reference solutions containing cholesterol, glucose and the like
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for measuring a component to be analyzed in a biological sample such as blood, wherein the biological sample is diluted with a buffer solution having a specific composition, and the plasma sample component and enzyme activity are analyzed from the mixed solution in the diluted sample. It relates to a measurement method.
- the present invention further provides a method for analyzing a trace biological sample component, wherein a biological sample such as an undetermined trace blood is diluted with a predetermined buffer solution, and a plasma sample component is quantified and enzyme activity is analyzed from the diluted sample mixed solution. And related to blood cell counting.
- glycerol-3-phosphate is used as an internal standard substance.
- a method using glycerol is known (for example, see Patent Document 2).
- glycerol-3-phosphate is used as a diluted internal standard substance for plasma, but it is hydrolyzed by alkaline phosphatase, an enzyme present in the living body, to produce glycerol. . Therefore, an accurate blood dilution rate cannot be obtained if the storage time after adding blood is long or the temperature is high. For this reason, the reliability to the measured value of the biological component and enzyme activity in raw plasma falls. In order to solve such a situation, in the conventional method, it was necessary to add EDTA which is an enzyme inhibitor.
- a substance charged with a cation such as choline can be used as an internal standard, but there is a problem that adsorption is observed in a plastic container and it is not suitable for long-term storage.
- Patent Document 2 these substances have been filed as [Patent Document 2], they are highly hydrophobic because they have an aromatic ring in the molecule, and when stored in a plastic container for a long period of time, adsorption occurs, and the dilution factor of blood is accurately determined. There is a problem that it cannot be requested.
- compounds such as ethanolamine are effective as substances that do not have an aromatic ring in the molecule and penetrate into blood cells. These substances are hardly present in blood and are stable compounds. Moreover, it can be dissolved in the buffer solution of the internal standard solution and will not be adsorbed to the plastic container by long-term storage.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is simple and accurate to quantify the components of a small and unknown amount of whole blood sample collected and diluted from the body surface of the subject's finger or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dilution rate calculation method that can be used.
- the biological component in the biological sample is stored in a buffer solution with physiological conditions of pH 7.4 and is excellent in stability during transportation.
- the dilution rate of the internal standard substance is small, and measurement errors are likely to occur when a small amount of sample is added.
- the present invention relates to a method for quantitatively analyzing a component to be analyzed in a biological sample by diluting the biological sample with a buffer solution, and the concentration of the biological component in the sample obtained by reagenting the biological component with the buffer solution in the sample as an external standard. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for quantitatively analyzing a component to be analyzed in a biological sample by accurately obtaining the dilution factor of the biological sample from the dilution ratio of the constant component.
- the present invention relates to a method for quantitatively analyzing a component to be analyzed in a biological sample by diluting the biological sample with a buffer solution, a method for determining the dilution factor of the biological sample using the internal standard material, and an external standard material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for quantitatively analyzing a component to be analyzed in a biological sample by compensating for the disadvantages of both of the methods for obtaining the dilution factor of the biological sample and accurately obtaining the dilution factor of the biological sample.
- the present invention can be used when analyzing a biological component in a biological sample such as blood. 1. Analyze using an internal standard or 2. 2. Use an external standard or 3. It is characterized by using internal standard substance and external standard substance.
- the present invention is a method for analyzing a biological component in a biological sample such as blood, comprising analyzing a dilution buffer to which the biological sample such as blood is added, and an internal standard substance contained in the dilution buffer, A dilution rate is calculated, a dilution rate of biological components of plasma, serum and blood cells is calculated, and plasma, serum or biological components in the biological sample such as blood are analyzed.
- the internal standard substance in the buffer solution is stable for a long period of time and is a component that does not adsorb to the container containing the buffer solution, and the internal standard substance is the blood or the like. It is a substance that is hardly contained in a biological sample, and is preferably a substance that can be easily and accurately analyzed by a biochemical automatic analyzer or the like.
- the internal standard substance in the buffer solution is a component that does not penetrate into the blood cells, and is a substance that can accurately reflect the dilution rate of the plasma or the serum. Preferably there is.
- the internal standard substance in the buffer solution is a component that penetrates into the blood cells, and is a substance that can accurately reflect the dilution rate of the whole blood (plasma and blood cells). preferable.
- the buffer solution has an osmotic pressure with respect to a blood cell membrane of 250 to 500 mOsm / kg, and has a reagent composition that does not cause hemolysis of the blood cells even when blood is mixed. Is preferred.
- the buffer solution has a composition that can be stably maintained without denaturing the biological sample component in the blood.
- the plasma internal standard substance preferably contains lithium or maltose.
- the plasma concentration can be determined from the plasma dilution rate, the blood cell volume cannot be determined. If whole blood (plasma and blood cells) can be obtained, anemia can be tested.
- ethanolamine that is hydrophobic and does not adsorb plastic as an internal standard substance that penetrates into blood cells. By measuring this internal standard, the dilution rate of the entire blood volume can be determined.
- the present invention is as follows. [1-1] Using a dilution buffer for containing sample blood, analyzing an internal standard substance contained in the dilution buffer, calculating a dilution rate of plasma or serum, and plasma or serum in the sample blood
- the internal standard substance contained in the dilution buffer has a property of not penetrating into blood cells, and includes disaccharides including maltose, glutamic acid, leucine,
- the dilution buffer is The internal standard having the property of not penetrating into blood cells, from disaccharides including lithium and maltose, glutamic acid, leucine, valine, isoleucine, 4-hydroxyxenebenzene, hydroxybutyric acid, creatine, malic acid, and Trinder reagent
- the internal standard substance contained in the dilution buffer is a chemical substance having a molecular weight of 500 or less, and sulfate ions (—SO 3 ⁇ ), carboxyl ions (—COO ⁇ ), thiol groups (—SH), The method for analyzing a biological sample component of [1-1], which is an internal standard substance selected from a compound having a substituent selected from the group consisting of quaternary amines (—NH 3+ ).
- Internal standards contained in the dilution buffer are ADOS (N-ethyl-N- (2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl) -3-methoxyaniline), ADPS (N-ethyl-N-sulfo).
- the dilution buffer has a reagent composition that does not cause hemolysis of the blood cells even when blood is mixed.
- Chelating agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetate, citrate and oxalate, amikacin sulfate so that the dilution buffer can be stably maintained without denaturing the biological sample components in the blood From the group consisting of antibacterial and preservatives such as kanamycin sulfate, thiabendazole and sodium azide, coenzymes such as pyridoxal phosphate, magnesium and zinc, saccharides such as mannitol, dextrose and oligosaccharides, sodium dodecyl sulfate, mercury and heparin
- the present inventors first examined the use of sodium, chlor, or protein having high in vivo homeostasis as an external standard substance.
- HEPESGood (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl) -1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid) is a Good's buffer with excellent performance for biochemical research.
- TES N-Tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid
- MOPS 3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid
- BES N, N-Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid
- pH can be adjusted to 7.4. It was also found that these buffers do not contain sodium or chlor, which are examples of external standard substances, and do not interfere with the measurement system for sodium or chlor to be measured.
- a buffer adjusted to pH 7.4 by mixing 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and HEPES does not denature the biological components and is stable. Measurement of these biological components It was found that it does not interfere with the reagent.
- plasma sodium or the like that maintains a constant concentration in a biological sample is used as an external standard substance.
- These substances are elements and are stable biological components.
- a large number of samples can be efficiently analyzed with an automatic immune analyzer.
- a method for diluting a trace blood sample with a dilution buffer and quantitatively analyzing a component to be analyzed in blood comprising calculating the dilution factor of the blood sample using an external standard substance
- the external standard substance is a component that is constantly contained in a blood sample at a predetermined concentration
- the dilution buffer contains a component that interferes with the quantification of the external standard substance.
- An analyte component in a blood sample that does not contain includes measuring the concentration of an external standard substance in a blood sample diluted with a dilution buffer, and calculating the dilution factor of the blood sample based on these measured values Quantitative analysis method.
- [2-2] Analyte component in blood sample, comprising measuring external standard substance concentration in blood sample diluted with dilution buffer and calculating dilution factor of blood sample based on these measured values Quantitative analysis method.
- [2-3] The quantitative analysis method according to [2-1] or [2-2], wherein the external standard material is selected from the group consisting of sodium, chlor, albumin, and total protein.
- [2-4] The quantitative analysis method according to [2-3], wherein the external standard substance is selected from the group consisting of sodium, chlor, and total protein.
- the buffer solution for dilution is composed of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-ethylaminoethanol, N-methyl-D-glucamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine as a buffer component.
- Aminoalcohol compounds selected from HEPES (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl) -1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid), TES (N-Tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), MOPS (3- Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid) and BES (N, N-Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) are selected from the group consisting of buffering agents having a buffering action at pH 7.4, [2- The quantitative analysis method according to any one of 1] to [2-4].
- Quantitative analysis method Dilute the biological sample with dilution buffer, further dilute with purified water, Substrate containing o-Nitrophenyl- ⁇ -D-Galactpyranoside by adding the first reagent, which is a buffer solution containing ⁇ -galactosidase, 10 to 30 times the volume of the sample and warming at 30 to 45 ° C for 2 to 20 minutes Half the amount of the first reagent is added to the second reagent, which is a liquid, and the absorbance of the reaction rate is measured at a main wavelength of 410 nm and a subwavelength of 658 nm.
- the first reagent which is a buffer solution containing ⁇ -galactosidase
- a dilution buffer used for diluting a trace blood sample wherein 2-amino-2 is used as a buffer component.
- Amino alcohol compounds selected from the group consisting of 2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-ethylaminoethanol, N-methyl-D-glucamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine, and HEPES (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl) -1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid), TES (N-Tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), MOPS (3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid) and BES (N, N-Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid)
- Analytical method using internal standard substance and external standard substance As described above, an analysis method using an internal standard substance alone and an analysis method using an external standard substance alone can accurately measure a biological component to be analyzed in a small amount of biological sample.
- the inventors of the present invention have both the advantages of the method using an internal standard and the method using an external standard aiming at more accurate measurement, and the disadvantages of the method using an internal standard and the external standard. We have intensively studied how to make up for the shortcomings of the methods using substances.
- the internal standard substance in the buffer for dilution can be set at a high concentration, it can be measured with high accuracy. However, when the amount of the biological sample is small, the dilution of the internal standard substance becomes small, and the reliability of the dilution factor is lowered. Further, glycerol-3-phosphate can be used as a stable substance as an internal standard substance of an organic compound, and lithium can be suitably used as an internal standard substance of an inorganic substance.
- the present inventors diligently investigated the development of a method that can eliminate the drawbacks of the method of using an external standard substance alone and the method of using an internal standard substance alone.
- the present invention uses a highly stable element belonging to alkali metals or alkaline earth metals to eliminate the drawbacks of conventional internal standard substances, and sodium, chlor, or protein having high homeostasis in vivo as an external standard substance The use of was considered.
- the present invention has the following features.
- an internal standard that does not pass through the blood cell membrane it is a component that is not or hardly contained in plasma, such as plasma sodium that maintains a constant concentration in a biological sample.
- An element belonging to alkali metals or alkaline earth metals such as lithium or a stable glycerol-3-phosphate is used and added to the buffer.
- a conventional organic compound is used as an internal standard substance, a problem remains in storage stability due to the action of a biological enzyme.
- This internal standard is stable in the buffer for a long time and can be easily quantified.
- sodium, which is an external standard substance in the biological sample to be measured is stable because it is an element. As a result, it is possible to analyze a large number of samples efficiently with a commercially available biochemical / immunological automatic analyzer for quantitative determination of enzyme components of diluted plasma biological samples with unknown concentrations in the collected blood.
- the present invention is as follows.
- [3-1] A method of diluting a sample with a dilution buffer and quantitatively analyzing a component to be analyzed in blood, comprising calculating a dilution factor of the blood sample using an internal standard substance and an external standard substance.
- a method for quantitative analysis of a component to be analyzed in a blood sample wherein the internal standard is added to the dilution buffer at a predetermined concentration, and the external standard is a component that is constantly contained in the blood sample at a predetermined concentration,
- the dilution buffer does not contain any components that interfere with the quantification of the internal standard substance and external standard substance, and the internal standard substance concentration and external standard substance concentration in the blood sample diluted with the dilution buffer solution are measured.
- a method for quantitative analysis of a component to be analyzed in a blood sample comprising calculating a dilution factor of the blood sample based on the measured value.
- Quantitative analysis of the analyte in the blood sample by correcting the dilution factor of the blood sample obtained from the measured value of the internal standard substance concentration using the measured value of the external standard substance concentration Quantitative analysis method.
- the internal standard substance is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals
- the external standard substance is selected from the group consisting of sodium, chlor, albumin, and total protein, [3-1] or [3 -2].
- the quantitative analysis method according to any one of [3-1] to [3-4] which is a buffer solution having a buffering action of pH 6.5 to pH 8.0, comprising a buffer selected from the group consisting of: [3-6]
- the dilution factor of the micro blood sample is calculated by any one of the following calculation formulas (1) to (4), and the analysis target component in the diluted plasma is quantified.
- the quantitative analysis method according to any one of [3-1] to [3-6], wherein the analysis target component in the original plasma is quantified by multiplying by the dilution factor obtained in any of (4):
- Formula (2) ⁇ (A 2 + C 2 ) X ------- (2) ⁇ (B 2 + D 2 ) ;
- Formula (3) X a ⁇ (B + D) ⁇ b (3)
- ⁇ -galactosidase utilizes the fact that the enzyme activity changes according to the sodium ion concentration, and the sodium ion concentration can be determined from the change in absorbance.
- Amino alcohol compounds selected from the group consisting of -1-propanol, 2-ethylaminoethanol, N-methyl-D-glucamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine, and HEPES (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl) -1 -piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid), TES (N-Tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), MOPS (3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid) and BES (N, N-Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid)
- a buffer solution comprising a buffer selected from the group and having a buffering action at pH 7.4.
- the internal standard substance or external standard substance is used to determine the dilution factor of the biological sample, and the quantitative analysis of the component enables the biological sample specimen amount of a small amount of biological sample component to be determined.
- a biological sample component can be accurately analyzed and measured without measurement.
- a plastic container is used for plasma and biological components of a biological sample such as a trace amount and an unknown amount of whole blood sample collected from the body via a finger or the like, Simple and accurate quantification is possible.
- the blood cell volume ratio (hematocrit value), which is the degree of blood anemia, can be obtained by calculation from the plasma dilution rate and the whole blood dilution rate.
- blood cell components white blood cell count: WBC, red blood cell count: RBC, hemoglobin content: Hgb, hematocrit: Hct
- the accuracy and accuracy of quantification may be lacking.
- the dilution factor determined by the internal standard substance is corrected by the dilution factor determined by the external standard substance, and more accurately.
- the analysis target component can be quantified with higher accuracy.
- the method of the present invention can be used for many tests such as 13 biochemical tests, tumor markers, and hepatitis tests using a very small amount of blood (65 ⁇ L). Because this test method does not choose the time and place, it can detect the non-disease that cannot receive the medical examination. In addition, since it can be easily tested, health management can be performed easily, so changes in the body can be captured before the disease becomes serious, contributing to a reduction in national medical expenses.
- FIG. 2 shows an explanatory diagram in the case of using an internal standard substance that does not permeate the blood cell membrane of blood but permeates only into plasma.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram when the internal standard substance has a property of penetrating into both blood plasma and blood cells.
- FIG. 1 It is a correlation diagram of the biochemical test of venous blood plasma and hand blood sampling diluted plasma.
- Venous blood EDTA-2Na-added whole blood and diluted whole blood obtained by diluting this whole blood with blood dilution buffer were used as samples for white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hgb), hematocrit value (Hct), It is the correlation figure which calculated platelet count (Plt).
- the hematocrit value indicating the blood cell volume in the blood obtained from the calculation formula using the plasma dilution rate obtained from the maltose internal standard and the whole blood dilution rate obtained from ethanolamine, and the hematocrit value obtained by measuring the whole blood with a hemocytometer It is a correlation diagram. It is a figure which shows the linearity of the enzymatic measuring method of sodium. It is a figure which shows the linearity of a crawl measuring method. It is a figure which shows the linearity of lithium concentration and a light absorbency. It is a correlation diagram of the diluted plasma measured value by a hybrid method, and a raw plasma measured value (total protein and albumin).
- FIG. 5 is a correlation diagram of diluted plasma measurement values and raw plasma measurement values by the hybrid method (HDL-cholesterol and ⁇ GTP). It is a correlation diagram of the diluted plasma measured value by a hybrid method, and a raw plasma measured value (total cholesterol and neutral fat). It is a correlation diagram of the diluted plasma measured value by a hybrid method, and a raw plasma measured value (urea nitrogen and creatinine). It is a correlation diagram of the diluted plasma measured value by a hybrid method, and an original plasma measured value (uric acid and blood glucose).
- the present invention has the following features. That is, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for quantifying and analyzing enzyme activity of a biological sample containing blood cells of an unknown concentration collected, wherein the component is not or hardly contained in the biological sample.
- An internal standard that does not pass through the blood cell membrane is prepared and added to the buffer.
- Analyze the internal standard concentration in the buffer before adding blood and measure the absorbance and the concentration of the internal standard in the diluted buffer after adding blood.
- the plasma dilution rate is determined, and the biological components and enzyme activities in the raw plasma are determined.
- the osmotic pressure of the buffer solution is adjusted so as to be approximately the blood osmotic pressure.
- a method using an internal standard substance is called an internal standard method, and for example, a method using lithium as an internal standard substance is called a lithium (Li) internal standard method.
- the biological sample of unknown concentration may be a biological sample that does not contain blood cells (saliva, urine, etc.).
- the internal standard substance used in this case may be a substance that permeates the blood cell membrane.
- hydrogen peroxide is generated by adding an oxidase using the internal standard substance or a substance derived from the internal standard substance as a substrate, and peroxidase
- an enzymatic measurement method in which the color development of a quinone dye, NAD (P) H, or tetrazonium salt obtained by oxidative condensation of a Trinder reagent and 4-aminoantipyrine in the presence is measured and quantified as absorbance.
- the internal standard substance to be put in the buffer solution is a component that does not exist in the living body or is present in a very small amount, and the blood cell membrane It must be non-permeable, stable in buffer solution, and not adsorbed on the container. It is also necessary not to interfere with other biological components.
- blood 1 is composed of plasma or serum 2 as a liquid component, and blood cell 3 as a solid component, and blood cell 3 further includes a solid component such as a blood cell membrane and a liquid component inside thereof. It is known to have.
- EDTA-2 sodium an anticoagulant, to blood 1, clotting of blood cell 3 can be prevented.
- blood cells 3 having a heavy specific gravity are settled to the bottom and plasma is separated into the supernatant.
- an internal standard substance 5 that does not permeate the blood cell membrane is stored in the buffer 4 in advance in the container (FIG. 2 (a)), and the collected blood 1 is placed in the buffer 4 from the top of the container. And introduced into the upper side of the mixed layer of the internal standard substance 5 (FIG. 2B).
- the blood 1 is diluted with a predetermined buffer 4
- components that do not permeate the blood cell membrane originally present in the plasma or serum 2 are distributed in the buffer 4 and plasma or serum 2, and diluted.
- the blood diluted solution 6 is obtained (FIG. 2 (c)).
- the internal standard substance 5 includes an internal standard substance 5 such as maltose that penetrates only into the plasma 2. Since maltose is dissolved as an anion in the buffer 4, it is dissolved in the plasma 2 and does not penetrate into the blood cell 3.
- FIG. 3 shows an explanatory diagram of the distribution of the internal standard substance 5 to whole blood (plasma 2 + blood cells 3).
- the internal standard substance 5 for example, ethanolamine
- the internal standard substance 5 that permeates the blood cell membrane is stored in the buffer 4 in advance in the container (FIG. 3 (a)), and the collected blood 1 is mixed with the buffer 4 and the internal standard substance 5 from the upper part of the container. It introduce
- the blood diluted solution 6 is constituted by being uniformly dispersed in the serum 2 (FIG. 3C). That is, since the internal standard substance 5 used in the case shown in FIG. 3 is distributed in both the plasma 2 and the blood cell 3, the dilution factor by the buffer solution 4 can be obtained.
- Internal standards that permeate the blood cell membrane include chemical groups with a molecular weight of 500 or less, amino groups (-NH 2 ), alkyl groups (-CH 3 , -C 6 H 6 ), ester groups (-COOR), alkoxy groups ( -OR), halogen (-Cl, -Br, -I) and other hydrophobic substituents such as ethanolamine, hexylamine, phenylethylamine, amyramine, histamine, putrescine, hypoxanthine, tryptophan, pregrenolone, ⁇ -Sitosterol and the like. Corresponding to these internal standards can be analyzed by enzymatic measurement using oxidase.
- the buffer 4 for diluting the biological component must be miscible with the biological sample in an arbitrary amount, and it is necessary to be able to stably store the component to be measured in the biological sample.
- the component of buffer 4 is not limited, but HEPES ⁇ 2- [4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid ⁇ buffer having buffering capacity, ACES [N- (2-acetamido) -2 -Aminoethanesulfonic acid] buffer, ADA [N- (2-acetamido) iminodiacetic acid] buffer, BES [N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -2-aminosulfonic acid] buffer, Bicine [N , N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) glycine] buffer, Bis-Tris [bis (2-hydroxyethyl) iminotris (hydroxymethyl) methane] buffer, CAPS (N-cyclohexyl-3-aminopropa
- the dilution buffer may contain a chelating agent, antibacterial agent, preservative, coenzyme, saccharide, inhibitor, etc. for the purpose of keeping the component to be measured stable.
- Examples of chelating agents include ethylenediaminetetraacetate, citrate, and oxalate.
- antibacterial agents and preservatives include amikacin sulfate, kanamycin sulfate, thiabendazole, sodium azide and the like.
- Examples of coenzymes include pyridoxal phosphate, magnesium, zinc and the like.
- Examples of the saccharide include mannitol, dextrose, oligosaccharide and the like.
- Examples of inhibitors include sodium dodecyl sulfate, mercury, heparin and the like.
- Stabilizers may be added in combination of a plurality of types depending on the component to be measured.
- AST aspartate aminotransferase
- ALT aslanine aminotransferase
- the buffer preferably contains 0.1 to 5.0 mmol / L of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid salt and 0.01 to 0.20 mmol / L of pyridoxalphosphate, particularly 0.5 to 3.0 mmol / L of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and pyridoxalphosphate. It is preferable that 0.02 to 0.10 mmol / L is contained.
- the internal standard added to the buffer solution is not in the living body or is extremely small, does not interfere with biological components, is stable in the buffer solution, does not adsorb to the storage container, and can be detected with high accuracy.
- the system must be available. When diluting blood, an osmotic pressure is required so that blood cells do not hemolyze, and an osmotic pressure of 250 to 500 mOsm / kg is preferable.
- Table 1 shows the composition of a buffer containing, as an example of a buffer, sarcosine, which is one of internal standards that do not permeate the blood cell membrane, and ethanolamine, which is one of the internal standards that permeate the blood cell membrane. ing.
- HEPES is N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N′-2-ethanesulfonic acid.
- Table 2 shows a measurement reagent for sarcosine, which is one of internal standard substances that do not pass through the blood cell membrane.
- TOOS is N-ethyl-N- (2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl) -3-methylaniline sodium dihydrate.
- R1 and R2 are used for maltose measurement.
- --A1 (absorbance) 3.
- Table 3 shows the measurement reagent for ethanolamine, which is one of the internal standard substances that pass through the blood cell membrane.
- DAOS is N-ethyl-N (2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl) -3,5-dimethylaniline sodium salt.
- R1 and R2 are used for ethanolamine measurement.
- blood 1 is composed of plasma 2 which is a liquid component, or blood cells 3 which are serum and solid components, and further, blood cells have a solid component such as a blood cell membrane and a liquid component inside thereof. It is known. Blood can be blocked from clotting by adding EDTA-2 sodium, an anticoagulant. When this whole blood is centrifuged, blood cells with heavy specific gravity settle to the bottom, and plasma is separated into the supernatant.
- buffer solution 4 when blood 1 is diluted with a predetermined buffer solution 4, components that do not permeate the blood cell membrane originally present in plasma 2 or serum are contained in buffer solution 4 and plasma 2 or serum. Will be distributed and diluted.
- the internal standard substance 5 that does not permeate the blood cell membrane is dissolved in the buffer solution 4
- the internal standard substance originally present in the buffer solution should be distributed in the buffer solution and plasma or serum. And diluted.
- This internal standard indicates an internal standard such as maltose that penetrates only into plasma. Since maltose is dissolved in the buffer as an anion, it dissolves in plasma and does not penetrate into blood cells.
- the initial concentration (C0) of the internal standard substance 5 that does not permeate the blood cell membrane in the buffer 4 changes to the concentration (C1) when blood is added.
- the dilution ratio (r1) of plasma or serum C0 / (C0 ⁇ C1) is calculated from C0 and C1.
- the amount of the buffer solution is VO, and the total amount V1 of plasma or serum added to the buffer solution is defined as V1.
- the components that permeate the blood cell membrane are distributed in the buffer and plasma or serum and blood cells and diluted.
- the internal standard substance that is originally present in the buffer solution must be distributed in the buffer solution and plasma, or serum and blood cells. And diluted.
- the blood cell membrane volume (V2) and blood cell inner volume (V3) are used, that is, the initial concentration (C2) of the internal standard substance that permeates the blood cell membrane in the buffer solution is changed to the concentration (C3) by adding blood. Change.
- the volume (V0) of the solution containing the internal standard is the specified amount, the internal standard that does not permeate the blood cell membrane From the calculated dilution ratio (r1) of the biological sample component that does not permeate the blood cell membrane, the volume (V1) of the biological sample that does not permeate the blood cell membrane can be calculated.
- V1 V0 / (r1-1) It can be calculated by
- the biological sample is diluted with a solution containing the internal standard substance 5 that permeates the blood cell membrane
- the volume (V0) of the solution containing the internal standard substance is quantitative, the internal standard substance that permeates the blood cell membrane is used. From the calculated blood dilution rate (r2), the blood volume (V1 + V2 + V3) can be calculated.
- V1 + V2 + V3 V0 / (r2-1) It can be calculated by
- V1 obtained from V0 and r1
- V1, V2, and V3 can be calculated from V0, r1, and r2.
- V1 Dilution rate of plasma or serum
- V1 + V2 Whole blood dilution rate
- V1 + V2 + V3 Blood dilution rate ⁇ (V0 + V1 + V2 + V3) / (V1 + V2 + V3) ⁇ Blood cell volume (V2 + V3) Blood cell dilution rate ⁇ (V0 + V2 + V3) / (V2 + V3) ⁇ Blood cell volume (V2) Dilution rate of blood cell liquid ⁇ (V0 + V2) / V2 ⁇
- Amount of blood cell solids V3 Blood cell solid dilution rate ⁇ (V0 + V3) / V3 ⁇ Hematocrit value (%) ⁇ (V2 + V3) / (V1 + V2 + V3) ⁇ 100 (%) ⁇ or 1- (blood dilution rate-1) / (plasma dilution rate-1) Buffer
- the present invention is a method for quantifying an analyte to be quantified in a biological sample after diluting the biological sample such as blood with a buffer solution, and a dilution factor of the biological sample using an external standard substance that is the biological sample component And the component to be analyzed in the biological sample is quantified from the dilution factor.
- the method using an external standard substance is called an external standard method, for example, the method using sodium as an external standard substance is called a sodium (Na) external standard method.
- the dilution factor is obtained using an external standard substance which is a constant component contained in the biological component.
- biological samples to be analyzed include biological samples such as blood, serum, plasma, urine, saliva, lymph, spinal fluid, interstitial fluid, sweat, etc.
- biological samples such as blood, serum, plasma, urine, saliva, lymph, spinal fluid, interstitial fluid, sweat, etc.
- blood, serum, plasma are examples. preferable.
- a small amount of blood is collected from a test subject, diluted with a buffer solution, blood cells are separated by a filter or centrifugation, and the analysis target component is measured using the obtained plasma or serum.
- the present invention dilutes the biological sample with the buffer for dilution, a small amount of the biological sample is sufficient.
- the analysis target component can be measured using a trace blood sample of 200 ⁇ L or less.
- the origin of the biological sample is not limited to humans, and it may be animals, fish, birds and the like.
- animals include horses, cows, pigs, sheep, goats, dogs, cats, mice, bears, pandas and the like.
- the biological sample component to be analyzed is not limited, and any substance contained in the biological sample is targeted. Examples include biochemical test items in blood used for clinical diagnosis, markers for various diseases such as tumor markers and hepatitis markers, and include proteins, sugars, lipids, low molecular weight compounds, and the like. Further, the measurement includes not only the concentration of the substance but also the activity of a substance having an activity such as an enzyme. Each component to be analyzed can be measured by a known method.
- An external standard substance is contained in a biological sample and has high homeostasis, that is, a substance with a small physiological variation in the concentration in the biological sample, and a substance with a small difference in the concentration in the biological sample between human individuals.
- examples of such substances include sodium (Na + ), chlor (Cl ⁇ ), and protein.
- examples of the protein include albumin that is contained in blood and has high homeostasis, total serum protein, and the like. Among these, sodium is particularly preferable since it has high homeostasis and little variation between individuals.
- the normal value of sodium concentration in human plasma that is, the sodium concentration in healthy human plasma is about 135 to 145 mmol / L (mEq / L), and the median is about 142 mmol / L.
- plasma sodium concentrations fall within the normal range. In 2.5% of subjects, the concentration is lower than this, and in 2.5% of subjects, the concentration is higher.
- the dilution factor of the biological sample used as the specimen can be determined from the concentration of the external standard substance diluted with the buffer solution and the average value of the sodium concentration in the plasma of a healthy person. When a biological sample other than blood, serum, or plasma is used as the biological sample, the dilution factor can be determined from the median sodium concentration in each biological sample.
- the buffer solution for diluting the biological sample does not contain the external standard substance or even if it is contained, after the biological sample is diluted It is necessary to use a buffer solution contained at a very small concentration that does not affect the measurement of the external standard substance in the mixture.
- a substance that interferes with the measurement of the external standard substance is not included, or even if it is included, a trace amount that does not affect the measurement of the external standard substance in the diluted solution after the biological sample is diluted. It is necessary to use a buffer that is included in the concentration.
- the buffer is substantially free of the substance.
- the sodium concentration in the dilution buffer used in the method of the present invention is 100 nmol / L or less.
- the biological sample dilution buffer does not contain sodium or chlor, or even if it is contained, it needs to be extremely small. Further, since sodium affects the determination of elements belonging to alkali metals or elements belonging to alkaline earth metals, even if sodium is not included in the dilution buffer for biological samples, It needs to be a trace amount.
- the dilution buffer for the biological sample is close to the pH of the biological sample, pH 6.5 to pH 8.0.
- the buffer solution should preferably be pH 7.0 to pH 7.5, more preferably pH 7.4.
- the buffer component since biological components in blood diluted with a buffer solution are measured, the buffer component must not affect the denaturation and stability of these biological components to be measured.
- Conventionally there has been no buffer solution that has a buffer capacity around pH 7.4 and does not contain sodium or chlor, so it has been impossible to use sodium or chlor as an external standard.
- a buffer solution having a buffer capacity around pH 7.4 and not containing sodium or chlor was newly developed, and sodium or chlor can be used as an external standard substance.
- alkaline substances that do not contain sodium, chlor, alkali metal elements and alkaline earth metal elements include 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), 2-ethylaminoethanol, N- Good's buffer (good buffer) is a compound that shows acidity with amino alcohol compounds such as methyl-D-glucamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.
- AMP 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
- 2-ethylaminoethanol 2-ethylaminoethanol
- N- Good's buffer (good buffer) is a compound that shows acidity with amino alcohol compounds such as methyl-D-glucamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.
- AMP 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
- HEPES TES, MOPS or BES
- AMP 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
- HEPES 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
- amino alcohol and Good's buffer are mixed at a concentration ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1, preferably 1: 1.5 to 1.5: 1, more preferably 1: 1. do it.
- concentration of the buffer is not limited, but the concentration of amino alcohol or Good's buffer is 0.1 to 1000 ⁇ mM / L, preferably 1 to 500 ⁇ mM / L, more preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ mM / L.
- the buffer solution may contain a chelating agent, a surfactant, an antibacterial agent, a preservative, a coenzyme, a saccharide, an inhibitor and the like for the purpose of keeping the analysis target component stable.
- chelating agent include ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), citrate, and oxalate.
- the surfactant include a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant.
- the preservative include sodium azide and antibiotics.
- the coenzyme include pyridoxal phosphate, magnesium, zinc and the like.
- saccharide examples include mannitol, dextrose, oligosaccharide and the like.
- inhibitor examples include sodium dodecyl sulfate, mercury, heparin and the like.
- the addition of mannitol and pyridoxal phosphate can stabilize blood cell membranes and enzymes, and the addition of 3 to 4 types of antibiotics and antibacterial agents suppresses the growth of bacteria partially contaminated from the surface of the hand when blood is collected. It is possible to stabilize the degradation of biological components by bacteria.
- the osmotic pressure of the buffer solution should be equivalent to that of blood (285 mOsm / kg) or higher. Can prevent hemolysis of blood cells.
- the osmotic pressure can be adjusted to be isotonic with salts, sugars, buffers, etc. that do not affect the determination of the biological component to be measured.
- the present invention also includes the above-mentioned buffer solution used for using the dilution factor of the biological sample by the method of the present invention.
- External standard substances such as chlor (Cl ⁇ ) and protein can also be measured by known methods.
- there is a method for measuring the absorbance of chlor which can be measured from its reaction rate because amylase is activated by chlor ions.
- Protein can be measured by the Burette method, the Bradford method, the Raleigh method, and the like.
- Albumin can be measured by the bromcresol green method which is a dye method.
- a flame photometer an atomic absorption method, an ion selective electrode method and the like as a method for measuring sodium in a biological sample used as an external standard diluted with a buffer solution.
- a sample obtained by collecting a small amount of blood from a finger and diluting with a buffer is only about 150 ⁇ L, and measures 10 or more biochemical components and immunological test items. It is necessary to measure sodium which is an external standard substance using a small amount of sample of several ⁇ L.
- biochemical / immunological automatic analyzer since it is necessary to analyze a large amount of sample, it is necessary to be adaptable to a commercially available biochemical / immunological automatic analyzer.
- an enzymatic measurement method was developed as a sodium measurement method, in which several ⁇ L of a very low concentration sodium (24 mmol / L or less) sample diluted with a buffer was used.
- the measurement of trace sodium in a diluted biological sample utilizes the fact that ⁇ -galactosidase is activated by sodium, and the sodium concentration and galactosidase activity of the sample diluted with a buffer solution are proportional to each other. Measure using This method can be applied to biochemical / immunological automatic analyzers and is highly efficient and economical in that it does not require a separate measuring instrument for sodium measurement.
- a biological sample such as blood is diluted with a buffer for dilution, further diluted with purified water, and the first reagent, which is a buffer containing ⁇ -galactosidase, is 10 to 30 times the volume of the diluted sample.
- the second reagent which is a substrate solution containing o-Nitrophenyl- ⁇ -D-Galactpyranoside, about half the amount of the first reagent, The absorbance is measured at a sub wavelength of 658 nm.
- a biological sample such as blood is diluted with a buffer for dilution, and further diluted about 5 times with purified water, and the diluted biological sample and buffer mixture is 1 to 10 ⁇ L, preferably 3 ⁇ L of the first reagent.
- a buffer solution containing ⁇ -galactosidase 30-100 ⁇ L, preferably 52 ⁇ L, so that the volume ratio of the buffer solution containing ⁇ -galactosidase and the diluted biological sample to the buffer solution mixture is 10-30, preferably 15-25.
- the mixture is heated at 30 to 45 ° C., preferably 37 ° C.
- the sodium concentration can be measured by measuring the absorbance at a main wavelength of 410 nm and a sub wavelength of 658 nm.
- the method for obtaining the dilution factor of the biological sample of the present invention is preferably as follows.
- the volume of the buffer solution is preferably 3 to 4 times or more the volume of the biological sample.
- the biological sample is blood
- 65 ⁇ L of a micro blood sample is added to 280 ⁇ L of buffer solution and mixed.
- blood cells such as red blood cells and white blood cells are removed after dilution.
- the blood cells may be removed using a filter, or the diluted blood sample may be removed by centrifugation.
- the analyte component is measured using the diluted plasma sample from which the blood cells have been removed.
- the plasma is diluted about 10 times.
- blood is used as a biological sample, it is converted into plasma so that the plasma is diluted to 5 to 20 times, preferably 5 to 16 times, more preferably 5 to 10 times, particularly preferably about 8 to 10 times. What is necessary is just to mix the blood and the buffer for dilution.
- the concentration of the analyte in the blood can be calculated by obtaining the dilution factor of blood from the external standard substance concentration and multiplying the measured value of the analyte component of the diluted plasma sample by the dilution factor.
- the blood sample When blood is used as a biological sample, the blood sample is removed after the blood is diluted with a dilution buffer, so that the remaining sample is plasma, which is called diluted plasma. Therefore, in this case, it means obtaining the dilution factor of plasma.
- the dilution factor of plasma can be determined by the following calculation method using the calculation formula (I) using an external standard substance.
- the absorbance of sodium When using sodium as an external standard substance, the absorbance of sodium may be obtained. As the absorbance of the normal median sodium concentration in plasma, an absorbance of 142 mmol / L of sodium may be used.
- the present invention is a method for quantifying a component to be analyzed in a biological sample after diluting the biological sample such as blood with a buffer solution, wherein the dilution factor of the biological sample is determined using an internal standard substance and an external standard substance. And determining the component to be analyzed in the biological sample from the dilution factor.
- the internal standard substance and external standard substance are used in combination to determine the dilution factor.
- the external standard substance is used to correct the dilution factor by the internal standard substance and accurately determine the dilution factor.
- the method for obtaining the dilution factor of the biological sample of the present invention is sometimes referred to as a hybrid method because it uses both an internal standard substance and an external standard substance.
- the dilution factor When calculating the dilution factor of a biological sample using only the internal standard substance, the dilution factor is too large when the amount of the biological sample is small because the dilution is performed with a dilution buffer containing the internal standard substance added to the biological sample. The reliability of the dilution factor obtained from the standard substance concentration will be low.
- the disadvantage of the method using the internal standard substance can be compensated by using the external standard substance. Further, as will be described later, a substance used as an internal standard substance may be contained in a biological sample, or the concentration of an external standard substance originally in the biological sample may be out of a normal value. Even in such a case, the hybrid method can compensate for the drawbacks of the respective methods and obtain an accurate dilution factor.
- the biological sample to be analyzed in the present invention the biological sample described in “2. Analysis method using external standard substance (external standard method)” can be used, and the origin of the biological sample is 2 (external). Standard method).
- the biological sample component to be analyzed is also the biological sample component to be analyzed described in 2 (External standard method).
- the internal standard substance is used by adding it to a buffer solution used for diluting the biological sample so as to have a predetermined concentration.
- Internal standards include substances that are not contained in a biological sample at all, or that are contained in trace amounts, substances that do not interfere with the measurement of analytes in biological samples, Substances that do not decompose under the action of biological enzymes, substances that are stable in buffer solutions, substances that do not permeate the blood cell membrane and are not contained in blood cells, substances that do not adsorb in the buffer storage container, and detection systems that can measure accurately Use available materials. Examples of such substances include those described in “1. Analytical method using internal standard substance (internal standard method)”. Among these substances, alkaline substances that are stable even if stored for a long time in a state where they are added to a buffer solution Elements that belong to metals or alkaline earth metals that are not naturally contained in biological samples are preferred.
- Examples of elements belonging to alkali metals include Li (lithium), Rb (rubidium), Cs (cesium), and Fr (francium).
- Elements belonging to alkaline earth metals include Sr (strontium), Ba (barium), and Ra. (Radium), and Li is preferable among them.
- glycerol-3-phosphate described in JP-A-2003-161729 can be used.
- the concentration of the internal standard substance added to the buffer used for diluting the biological sample is not limited as long as the concentration of the internal standard substance can be measured after dilution. For example, it may be added at a concentration of 0.1 to 1000 mM / L, preferably 0.1 to 100 mM / L, more preferably 0.5 to 10 mM / L.
- lithium when lithium is used as the internal standard substance, lithium may be added at the above concentration to a buffer used for dilution of the biological sample.
- the range of the dilution factor of the sample when the sample is added to the buffer containing the internal standard substance is not limited, but it is 5 to 20 times, preferably 5 to 15 times.
- An external standard substance is contained in a biological sample and has high homeostasis, that is, a substance with a small physiological variation in the concentration in the biological sample, and a substance with a small difference in the concentration in the biological sample between human individuals.
- examples of such substances include sodium (Na + ), chlor (Cl ⁇ ), and protein.
- examples of the protein include albumin that is contained in blood and has high homeostasis, total serum protein, and the like. Among these, sodium is particularly preferable since it has high homeostasis and little variation between individuals.
- the normal value of sodium concentration in human plasma that is, the sodium concentration in healthy human plasma is about 135 to 145 mmol / L (mEq / L), and the median normal value is about 142 mmol / L.
- plasma sodium concentrations fall within the normal range. In 2.5% of subjects, the concentration is lower than this, and in 2.5% of subjects, the concentration is higher.
- the dilution factor of the biological sample used as the specimen can be determined from the concentration of the external standard substance diluted with the buffer solution and the average value of the sodium concentration in the plasma of a healthy person. When a biological sample other than blood, serum, or plasma is used as the biological sample, the dilution factor can be determined from the median sodium concentration in each biological sample.
- the dilution factor of the biological sample to be used as the specimen from the concentration of the internal standard substance in the biological sample after dilution with the buffer and the concentration of the internal standard substance added to the buffer used for dilution.
- the dilution factor calculated from the internal standard substance concentration is corrected to obtain a more accurate dilution factor. be able to.
- the buffer solution for diluting the biological sample does not contain the external standard substance or even if it is contained, after the biological sample is diluted It is necessary to use a buffer solution contained at a very small concentration that does not affect the measurement of the external standard substance in the mixture.
- external standard substances and substances that interfere with the measurement of internal standard substances are not included, or even if they are included, the measurement of internal standard substances or external standard substances in diluted solutions after dilution of biological samples is affected.
- the buffer solution is referred to as a buffer solution substantially free of the substance.
- the sodium concentration in the dilution buffer used in the method of the present invention is 100 nmol / L or less.
- the biological sample dilution buffer does not contain sodium or chlor, or even if it is contained, it needs to be extremely small.
- the dilution buffer for the biological sample is used as an element belonging to the alkali metal used as the internal standard substance and an alkaline earth. The elements belonging to the metals and the substances similar to these elements are not included, or even if they are included, they need to be extremely small.
- the dilution buffer for the biological sample is close to the pH of the biological sample, pH 6.5 to pH 8.0.
- the buffer solution should preferably be pH 7.0 to pH 7.5, more preferably pH 7.4.
- the buffer component since biological components in blood diluted with a buffer solution are measured, the buffer component must not affect the denaturation and stability of these biological components to be measured.
- alkaline compounds that do not contain sodium, chlor, alkali metal elements and alkaline earth metal elements include 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), 2-ethylaminoethanol, N- HEPES (2- [4- (2) which is a good's buffer (good buffer) that shows acidity with amino alcohol compounds such as methyl-D-glucamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine, and has a pKa of around pH7.4.
- AMP 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
- 2-ethylaminoethanol 2-ethylaminoethanol
- N- HEPES (2- [4- (2) which is a good's buffer (good buffer) that shows acidity with amino alcohol compounds such as methyl-D-glucamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine, and has a pKa of around pH7.4.
- AMP 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
- HEPES TES, MOPS or BES
- AMP 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
- HEPES 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
- amino alcohol and Good's buffer are mixed at a concentration ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1, preferably 1: 1.5 to 1.5: 1, more preferably 1: 1. do it.
- concentration of the buffer is not limited, but the concentration of amino alcohol or Good's buffer is 0.1 to 1000 ⁇ mM / L, preferably 1 to 500 ⁇ mM / L, more preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ mM / L.
- the buffer solution may contain a chelating agent, a surfactant, an antibacterial agent, a preservative, a coenzyme, a saccharide, an inhibitor and the like for the purpose of keeping the analysis target component stable.
- chelating agent include ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), citrate, and oxalate.
- the surfactant include a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant.
- the preservative include sodium azide and antibiotics.
- the coenzyme include pyridoxal phosphate, magnesium, zinc and the like.
- saccharide examples include mannitol, dextrose, oligosaccharide and the like.
- inhibitor examples include sodium dodecyl sulfate, mercury, heparin and the like.
- the addition of mannitol and pyridoxal phosphate can stabilize blood cell membranes and enzymes, and the addition of 3 to 4 types of antibiotics and antibacterial agents suppresses the growth of bacteria partially contaminated from the surface of the hand when blood is collected. It is possible to stabilize the degradation of biological components by bacteria.
- the osmotic pressure of the buffer solution should be equivalent to that of blood (285 mOsm / kg) or higher. Can prevent hemolysis of blood cells.
- the osmotic pressure can be adjusted to be isotonic with salts, sugars, buffers, etc. that do not affect the determination of the biological component to be measured.
- the present invention also includes the above-described buffer solution used for using a dilution factor of a biological sample by the hybrid method of the present invention.
- the buffer can be used not only for the hybrid method of the present invention, but also for a quantitative analysis method using an external standard (external standard method) and a quantitative analysis method using an internal standard (internal standard method).
- the element of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal that is an internal standard substance can be measured by a known method.
- a substance that forms a chelate complex with an element belonging to an alkali metal or an element belonging to an alkaline earth metal may be added, and the absorbance of the formed chelate complex may be measured.
- the substance that forms a chelate complex with an alkali metal element or an alkaline earth metal element include porphyrin derivatives such as polyvalent halogen-substituted porphyrin compounds (for example, polyfluoroporphyrin).
- the absorbance of the element itself can be measured by an atomic absorbance method.
- the chelate colorimetric method (halogenated porphyrin chelate method: perfluoro-5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H, 23H -porphyrin) is used to measure lithium added to the buffer as an internal standard. Then, it can be performed by a biochemical automatic analyzer. By this method, a large number of specimens can be easily measured with a small amount of sample.
- Chlor (Cl ⁇ ) and protein, which are external standard substances, can also be measured by a known method described in 2 (external standard method).
- an alkali metal element such as lithium or an alkaline earth metal element is used as the internal standard substance
- a biological substance such as sodium (Na + ), chlor (Cl ⁇ ), or protein is used as the external standard substance.
- Lithium carbonate is used as a medicine for the improvement of manic and manic depression. For those who need treatment, lithium carbonate is administered in the hundreds to thousands of mg per day. Therefore, the biological sample of the subject receiving lithium carbonate contains lithium, and when only lithium is used as an internal standard, an accurate dilution factor cannot be obtained.
- sodium has a normal blood concentration range of about 135 to 145 mmol / L (mEq / L) in healthy subjects as described above, but about 5% of subjects have normal values even in healthy subjects. In about 2.5% of subjects, even a healthy person has a lower concentration than the normal value, and in about 2.5% of subjects, a healthy person has a higher concentration than the normal value. In such examinees, when only sodium is used as an external standard, the dilution factor cannot be determined accurately.
- the method for obtaining the dilution factor of the biological sample of the present invention is preferably as follows.
- the volume of the buffer solution is preferably 3 to 4 times or more the volume of the biological sample.
- the biological sample is blood
- 65 ⁇ L of a micro blood sample is added to 280 ⁇ L of internal standard addition buffer and mixed.
- blood cells such as red blood cells and white blood cells are removed after dilution.
- the blood cells may be removed using a filter, or the diluted blood sample may be removed by centrifugation.
- the analyte component is measured using the diluted plasma sample from which the blood cells have been removed.
- the plasma is diluted about 10 times.
- blood is used as a biological sample, it is converted into plasma so that the plasma is diluted to 5 to 20 times, preferably 5 to 16 times, more preferably 5 to 10 times, particularly preferably about 8 to 10 times. What is necessary is just to mix the blood and the buffer for dilution.
- the concentration of the analyte in the blood can be calculated by obtaining the dilution factor of blood from the internal standard substance concentration and the external standard substance concentration and multiplying the measured value of the analyte component of the diluted plasma sample by the dilution factor.
- the blood sample When blood is used as a biological sample, the blood sample is removed after the blood is diluted with a dilution buffer, and the remaining sample is plasma. This is called diluted plasma. Therefore, in this case, it means obtaining the dilution factor of plasma.
- the dilution factor of plasma can be determined by the following three types of calculation methods using an internal standard substance and an external standard substance.
- a plasma sample obtained by diluting blood with a buffer solution for dilution to which an internal standard substance is added and filtering using a filter is used.
- Lithium is used as an internal standard substance and sodium is used as an external standard substance.
- diluted plasma refers to plasma obtained by diluting a blood sample with a dilution buffer and removing blood cells.
- the lithium concentration can be represented by, for example, the absorbance obtained when the lithium concentration is measured by a chelate colorimetric method or the like.
- the concentration of sodium can be expressed by absorbance when measured by an enzymatic measurement method or the like.
- the normal median value of plasma sodium concentration is the median value of healthy subjects, and the absorbance of sodium normal concentration of plasma sodium concentration may be an absorbance of 142 mmol / L sodium. This value is a known value. The same applies to the calculation methods 2 and 3 below.
- the dilution factor X of plasma with a buffer solution can be determined by the following calculation formula (1) or calculation formula (2).
- the analysis target component can be quantified.
- Quantify the measured concentration and enzyme activity of the biochemical component, which is the analyte in the diluted plasma, and multiply the quantitative value by the dilution factor determined by the calculation formula (3) to quantify the analyte in the original plasma. can do.
- the absorbance change amount correction value B ′ of the internal standard substance (for example, lithium) is determined by the following formula using the dilution factor of the external standard substance (for example, sodium).
- B ') (A x D) / C
- Quantify the measured concentration and enzyme activity of the biochemical component, which is the analyte in the diluted plasma, and multiply the quantitative value by the dilution factor determined by the calculation formula (4) to quantify the analyte in the original plasma. can do.
- Example 1-1 60 ⁇ L of whole blood sample added with EDTA-2Na and 200 ⁇ L of blood dilution buffer were added to blood dilution buffer added to dilution buffer with maltose as internal standard, and 50 venous blood samples were examined.
- the enzyme activity transaminase; ALT, ⁇ -glutamyltransferase; GGT
- lipid test neutral fat; TG, LDL-cholesterol, glucose, hemoglobin A1c.
- Example 1-2 About 50 venous blood samples, 60 ⁇ L of whole blood sample added with EDTA-2Na and 200 ⁇ L of blood dilution buffer to dilution buffer obtained by adding ethanolamine, an internal standard distributed in blood cells and plasma, to blood dilution buffer investigated.
- FIG. 5 shows a correlation diagram for calculating the platelet count (Plt). According to this, good correlation is recognized except for the platelet count.
- Example 1-3 Correlation between the hematocrit value indicating the blood cell volume in the blood obtained from the calculation formula using the plasma dilution rate obtained from the maltose internal standard and the whole blood dilution rate obtained from ethanolamine, and the value obtained from the whole blood with a hemocytometer I investigated. The result is shown in FIG. Practical with good correlation.
- Table 5 shows the composition of the buffer solution used.
- the measurement of trace sodium in diluted plasma is based on the fact that ⁇ -galactosidase is activated by sodium, and an enzymatic measurement method has been developed that utilizes the proportional relationship between sodium concentration and galactosidase activity in samples diluted with buffer. .
- Table 6 shows the composition of the sodium measurement reagent.
- FIG. 1 shows a calibration curve showing the sodium concentration and the amount of change in absorbance. Linearity passing through the origin was obtained up to 24 mmol / L, and sodium quantitativeness was confirmed.
- 150 ⁇ L of the first reagent was added to 5 ⁇ L of the sample, heated at 37 ° C. for 5 minutes, 50 ⁇ L of the second reagent was added, and the change in absorbance at 405 nm for 2 minutes after 1 minute was determined.
- FIG. 8 shows a calibration curve showing the crawl concentration and the amount of change in absorbance.
- Table 7 shows the correlation statistics between the plasma measurement value and the diluted plasma measurement value obtained from the dilution factor of the external standard substance (sodium). The measurement was performed using JEOL Ltd. JCA-BM 6050 type automatic analyzer. Biochemical examination of diluted plasma obtained by measuring the sodium absorbance (A) measured for 142 mmol / L and the sodium absorbance (B) of diluted plasma using the dilution factor (X: 8 times dilution) determined by the following formula (I) The correlation between data (diluted plasma measurements) and plasma data (plasma measurements) is shown. Plasma measurement for each test item was performed by a conventional method. The diluted plasma was measured under the optimized conditions by increasing the volume of the sample compared to the conventional method. As shown in Table 7, the correlation of 13 items of biochemical examination is good, and it is possible to obtain biochemical examination data in the original plasma from a very small amount of blood.
- Example 3-1 Quantitative analysis using micro blood sample (1) Measurement of internal standard substances (lithium, glycerol-3-phosphate) and external standard substance (sodium) and calculation of dilution factor 65 microliters of micro blood sample The mixture was added to 280 ⁇ L of internal standard substance addition buffer, mixed, blood cells were filtered with a filter, and each concentration of internal standard substance, external standard substance and biological component was measured with a biochemical automatic analyzer using diluted plasma as a sample.
- internal standard substances lithium, glycerol-3-phosphate
- sodium sodium
- Table 8 shows the composition of the buffer solution to which the internal standard substance used was added.
- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Lithium was used as the internal standard substance, and 1 mM / L lithium chloride was added to the dilution buffer.
- an external standard substance sodium contained in a blood sample was used.
- the lithium added as an internal standard substance to the buffer was measured by a chelate colorimetric method (halogenated porphyrin chelate method: perfluoro-5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H, 23H -porphyrin).
- the measurement of trace sodium in diluted plasma is based on the fact that ⁇ -galactosidase is activated by sodium, and an enzymatic measurement method has been developed that utilizes the proportional relationship between sodium concentration and galactosidase activity in samples diluted with buffer. .
- Table 9 shows the composition of the sodium measurement reagent.
- FIG. 7 shows a calibration curve showing the sodium concentration and the amount of change in absorbance. Linearity passing through the origin was obtained up to 24 mmol / L, and sodium quantitativeness was confirmed.
- lithium was measured by the following method.
- FIG. 9 shows a calibration curve showing the lithium concentration and absorbance. Linearity passing through the origin up to 1 mmol / L was obtained, and the quantitativeness of lithium was confirmed.
- glycerol-3-phosphate When glycerol-3-phosphate is used as an internal standard substance, when 65 ⁇ L of whole blood is added to 280 ⁇ L of dilution buffer, plasma (about 30 ⁇ L) in whole blood is diluted by about 10. Using JCA JBM-BM-6050 biochemical automatic analyzer, add 50 ⁇ L of the first reagent (peroxidase) to 9 ⁇ L of this diluted plasma diluted 4.5-fold with purified water, and add at 37 ° C for 5 minutes. After warming, 25 ⁇ L of the second reagent (glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase) was added, and 5 minutes later, the absorbance was measured at a main wavelength of 596 nm and a subwavelength of 884 nm. Linearity passing through the origin up to 4 mmol / L was obtained, and quantitativeness of glycerol-3-phosphate was confirmed.
- the first reagent peroxidase
- the reagent composition shown in Table 11 was used for the glycerol-3-phosphate measurement method.
- FIG. 10- shows a correlation diagram of measured values of biochemical test items of plasma and diluted plasma measured using JCA JCA-BM 6050 automatic analyzer Shown in 1-10-6.
- the biochemical test data (diluted plasma measurement value) of the diluted plasma obtained by using the dilution factor (X: 8-fold dilution) in the hybrid obtained by the following calculation formula (1) is the y-axis, plasma data ( Plasma measurements) were displayed on the x-axis.
- Plasma measurement for each test item was performed by a conventional method.
- the diluted plasma was measured under the optimized conditions by increasing the volume of the sample compared to the conventional method.
- FIGS. 10-1 to 10-6 the correlation between the 13 items of the biochemical test is good, and the biochemical test data in the original plasma can be obtained from a very small amount of blood.
- Example 3-2 Correlation of measured values of biochemical test items of plasma and diluted plasma Measurement of biochemical test items of plasma and diluted plasma measured using JCA-BM 6050 automatic analyzer The correlation of values is shown in Table 13. Measured absorbance (A) of internal standard substance (glycerol-3-phosphate) in dilution buffer (A), measured absorbance (B) of internal standard substance after plasma addition, and sodium measured absorbance (C) of 142 mmol / L and dilution Biochemical test data of diluted plasma (diluted plasma measurement) obtained by calculating the sodium absorbance (D) of plasma using the dilution factor (X: 8-fold dilution) of the hybrid obtained by the calculation formula (1) of Example 3-1 Value) on the y-axis and plasma data (plasma measurements) on the x-axis.
- A internal standard substance
- B measured absorbance
- C sodium measured absorbance
- D sodium absorbance
- X 8-fold dilution
- Plasma measurement for each test item was performed by a conventional method.
- the diluted plasma was measured under the optimized conditions by increasing the volume of the sample compared to the conventional method.
- Table 13 the correlation between the 13 items of the biochemical test is good, and it is possible to obtain biochemical test data in the original plasma from a very small amount of blood.
- Table 13 shows correlation statistics between plasma measurement values and diluted plasma measurement values in a hybrid method in which an internal standard substance (glycerol-3-phosphate) and an external standard substance (sodium) are used in combination.
- an internal standard substance glycerol-3-phosphate
- an external standard substance sodium
- samples with 135 mmol / L and 145 mmol / L at the upper and lower limits of the reference range can be measured within an error range of ⁇ 2% even when the dilution factor is corrected based on 142 mmol / L.
- the dilution factor determined based on both the concentration of sodium which is and the concentration of lithium which is an internal standard substance is shown.
- the dilution factor in “Hybrid method correction” was calculated using the calculation formula (1) in Example 3-1.
- Table 14 shows the error given to the measured value in plasma cholesterol by two methods, ie, dilution with sodium alone and dilution with hybrid. It can be seen that the error is halved by using the hybrid method.
- the dilution factor from 12 times to 16 times by the hybrid method correction was about 3%, and accurate data was obtained even for test subjects who were difficult to collect blood.
- the dilution factor is calculated using only the internal standard substance lithium as the internal standard substance, and when the measured value is corrected, fluctuations of 199 to 221 mg / dl Is given to subjects with hyperlipidemia (220 mg / dl or higher).
- “Li internal standard” indicates the dilution factor obtained based only on the concentration of lithium as an internal standard substance
- “Na external standard” is obtained based only on the concentration of sodium as an external standard substance.
- Hybrid method correction indicates the dilution factor determined based on both the concentration of sodium as an external standard substance and the concentration of lithium as an internal standard substance.
- the dilution factor in “Hybrid method correction” was calculated using the calculation formula (1) in Example 3-1.
- the dilution factor is calculated by using lithium as the internal standard substance and sodium as the external standard substance and corrected by the measured value, it becomes 204 to 216 mg / dl, and is judged as a healthy person.
- Table 15 shows the effect on reproducibility (CV%) on the dilution factor of lithium and external standard sodium and the hybrid method as internal standard substances when the plasma dilution factor is 6 to 16 times.
- the hybrid method showed better reproducibility than the single standard reproducibility of the internal standard method.
- the present invention is simple and accurate for any component in the plasma and biological samples of biological samples such as trace amounts and unknown amounts of whole blood samples collected from the body through the fingers of the subject as described above. It can be quantified.
- the blood cell volume ratio (hematocrit value), which is the degree of blood anemia, can be obtained.
- hematocrit value which is the degree of blood anemia
- the method for collecting micro blood according to the present invention since the method for collecting micro blood according to the present invention has no restriction on the time and place of blood collection, it can be applied to cases where there is no time to go to a medical institution, disaster, telemedicine, health care, etc. It can contribute to the reduction of medical expenses.
- a large amount of sample can be efficiently measured with a commercially available biochemical automatic analyzer. The measured test data can be sent to a smartphone for daily health management and early detection of disease.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、血液などの生体試料中の生体成分を分析する方法であって、前記血液などの生体試料を添加する希釈緩衝液と、該希釈緩衝液中に含まれる内部標準物質を分析し、希釈率を算出し、血漿、血清や血球の生体成分の希釈率を算出し、前記血液などの生体試料中の血漿、血清又は生体試料中の生体成分を分析することを特徴とする。
[1-1] 試料血液を入れるための希釈緩衝液を用い、該希釈緩衝液中に含まれる内部標準物質を分析し、血漿又は血清の希釈率を算出し、前記試料血液中の血漿又は血清成分中の生体成分を分析する生体試料成分の分析方法において、前記希釈緩衝液に含まれる内部標準物質が血球内に浸透しない性質を有しており、マルトースを含む2単糖類、グルタミン酸、ロイシン、バリン、イソロイシン、4-ハイドロキシンベンゼン、ハイドロキシ酪酸、クレアチン、リンゴ酸、トリンダー試薬、リチウムからなる群から選ばれる物質である内部標準物質を用いた生体試料成分の分析方法。
[1-2] 希釈緩衝液に含まれる内部標準物質がリチウムである、[1-1]の生体試料成分の分析方法。
[1-3] 試料血液を入れるための希釈緩衝液を用い、該希釈緩衝液中に含まれる内部標準物質を分析し、血液の希釈率を算出し、前記試料血液中の血球算定数や血漿の生体成分を分析する生体試料成分の分析方法において、前記希釈緩衝液に含まれる内部標準物質が血球内に浸透する性質を有しており、エタノールアミン、ヘキシルアミン、フェニールエチルアミン、アミールアミン、ヒスタミン、プトレシン、ヒポキサンチン、トリプトファン、プレグレノロン、β-シトステロールからなる群から選ばれる物質である内部標準物質を用いた生体試料成分の分析方法。
[1-4] 試料血液を入れるための希釈緩衝液を用い、該希釈緩衝液中に含まれる内部標準物質を分析し、血液又は血漿又は血清の希釈率を算出し、前記試料血液中の血球算定数や血漿の生体成分又は前記試料血液中の血漿又は血清成分中の生体成分を分析する生体試料成分の分析方法において、
前記希釈緩衝液は、
血球内に浸透しない性質を有する前記内部標準物質であって、リチウム、マルトースを含む2単糖類、グルタミン酸、ロイシン、バリン、イソロイシン、4-ハイドロキシンベンゼン、ハイドロキシ酪酸、クレアチン、リンゴ酸、トリンダー試薬からなる群から選ばれる物質と、
血球内に浸透する性質を有する前記内部標準物質であって、エタノールアミン、ヘキシルアミン、フェニールエチルアミン、アミールアミン、ヒスタミン、プトレシン、ヒポキサンチン、トリプトファン、プレグレノロン、β-シトステロールからなる群から選ばれる物質とを含む生体試料成分の分析方法。
[1-5] 前記希釈緩衝液に含まれる内部標準物質が分子量500以下の化学物質で分子内に硫酸イオン(-SO3-)、カルボキシルイオン(-COO-)、チオール基(-SH)、第4級アミン(-NH3+)からなる群から選ばれる置換基を持つ化合物から選ばれる内部標準物質である、[1-1]の生体試料成分の分析方法。
[1-6] 前記希釈緩衝液に含まれる内部標準物質がADOS(N-エチル-N-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-スルホプロピル)-3-メトキシアニリン)、ADPS(N-エチル-N-スルホプロピル-3-メトキシアニリン)、ALPS(N-エチル-N-スルホプロピルアニリン)、DAOS(N-エチル-N-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-スルホプロピル)-3,5-ジメトキシアニリン)、HDAOS(N-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-スルホプロピル)-3,5-ジメトキシアニリン)、MAOS(N-エチル-N-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-スルホプロピル)-3,5-ジメチルアニリン)、TOOS(N-エチル-N-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-スルホプロピル)-3-メトキシアニリン)、TOPS(N-エチル-N-スルホプロピル-3-メチルアニリン)から成る群から選ばれる化合物であるトリンダー試薬である、[1-1]の生体試料成分の分析方法。
[1-7] 前記希釈緩衝液は、血液が混合されても前記血球の溶血が生じない試薬組成を有している[1-1]~[1-6]のいずれかの生体試料成分の分析方法。
[1-8] 前記希釈緩衝液が前記血液中の生体試料成分を変性させることなく、安定に維持できるように、エチレンジアミン四酢酸塩、クエン酸塩、シュウ酸塩などのキレート剤、アミカシン硫酸塩、カナマイシン硫酸塩、チアベンダゾール、アジ化ナトリウムなどの抗菌剤や防腐剤、ピリドキサルリン酸、マグネシウム、亜鉛などの補酵素、マンニトール、デキストロース、オリゴ糖などの糖類、ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム、水銀、ヘパリンからなる群から選択される阻害剤を被測定成分に応じて単独若しくは複数組み合わされた組成の添加物を含む[1-1]~[1-7]のいずれかの生体試料成分の分析方法。
[1-9] 前記内部標準物質の希釈率から血液の血球容積率(ヘマトクリット値)を算出することを特徴とする[1-4]の生体試料成分の分析方法。
血液中のナトリウムやクロールは非常に高い恒常性があり、個体間の変動も小さいことが知られている。そのナトリウムの中央値濃度も142 mmol/Lと生体濃度としては濃いため、緩衝液で希釈しても、高希釈倍数の試料濃度を精度良く測定できる。しかしながら、ナトリウムやクロールを外部標準として用いる場合、ナトリウムやクロールが含まれる緩衝液を希釈用緩衝液として用いることはできなかった。
[2-1] 希釈用緩衝液で微量血液試料を希釈し、血液中の分析対象成分を定量分析する方法において、外部標準物質を用いて血液試料の希釈倍数を算出することを含む、血液試料中の分析対象成分の定量分析方法であって、外部標準物質は血液試料中に恒常的に所定の濃度で含まれる成分であり、前記希釈用緩衝液は外部標準物質の定量に干渉する成分を含んでおらず、希釈用緩衝液で希釈した血液試料中の外部標準物質濃度を測定し、これらの測定値に基づいて血液試料の希釈倍数を算出することを含む、血液試料中の分析対象成分の定量分析方法。
[2-2]希釈用緩衝液で希釈した血液試料中の外部標準物質濃度を測定し、これらの測定値に基づいて血液試料の希釈倍数を算出することを含む、血液試料中の分析対象成分の定量分析方法。
[2-3] 外部標準物資がナトリウム、クロール、アルブミン及び総タンパク質からなる群から選択される、[2-1]又は[2-2]の定量分析方法。
[2-4] 外部標準物質がナトリウム、クロール、及び総タンパク質からなる群から選択される、[2-3]の定量分析方法。
[2-5] 希釈用緩衝液が、緩衝剤成分として、2-アミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノール、2-エチルアミノエタノール、N-メチル-D-グルカミン、ジエタノールアミン及びトリエタノールアミンからなる群から選択されるアミノアルコール化合物、並びにHEPES (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid)、TES (N-Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2- aminoethanesulfonic acid)、MOPS(3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid)及び BES(N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid)からなる群から選択される緩衝剤を含み、pH7.4で緩衝作用を有する緩衝液である、[2-1]~[2-4]のいずれかの定量分析方法。
[2-6] 希釈用緩衝液が、ナトリウム及びクロールを実質的に含まない、[2-1]~[2-4]のいずれかの定量分析方法。
[2-7] 微量血液試料の希釈倍数が以下の算出式(I)の算出式により算出され、希釈血漿中の分析対象成分を定量し、算出式(I)で求めた希釈倍数を乗じて、元の血漿中の分析対象成分を定量する、[2-1]~[2-6]のいずれかの定量分析法:
A
X = --------- (I)
B
A:血漿中外部標準物質濃度の健常者中央値の吸光度、
B:希釈血漿中の外部標準物質の吸光度、
X:血漿希釈倍数
[ここで、希釈血漿とは、血液試料を希釈用緩衝液で希釈し、血球を除去して得られた血漿をいう]。
[2-8] β-ガラクトシダーゼはナトリウムイオン濃度に応じて酵素活性が変化し、その吸光度変化量からナトリウムイオン濃度を定量できることを利用し、希釈用緩衝液を用いて希釈した血液試料中のナトリウムを以下の方法で測定する[2-3]~[2-7]のいずれかの定量分析方法:
生体試料を希釈用緩衝液で希釈し、さらに精製水で希釈し、
β-ガラクトシダーゼを含む緩衝液である第1試薬を試料量の10~30倍容積量添加し、30~45℃で2~20分加温し、o-Nitrophenyl-β-D-Galactpyranosideを含む基質液である第2試薬を第1試薬量の半量を添加し、主波長410nm、副波長658nmで反応速度の吸光度を測定する。
[2-9] [2-1]~[2-8]のいずれかの定量分析方法において、微量血液試料の希釈に用いる希釈用緩衝液であって、緩衝剤成分として、2-アミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノール、2-エチルアミノエタノール、N-メチル-D-グルカミン、ジエタノールアミン及びトリエタノールアミンからなる群から選択されるアミノアルコール化合物、並びにHEPES (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid)、TES (N-Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2- aminoethanesulfonic acid)、MOPS(3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid)及び BES(N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid)からなる群から選択される緩衝剤を含み、pH7.4で緩衝作用を有する緩衝液。
[2-10] ナトリウム及びクロールを実質的に含まない、[2-9]の緩衝液。
上記のように、内部標準物質を単独で利用する分析方法、及び外部標準物質を単独で利用する分析方法により、微量の生体試料中の分析対象生体成分を正確に測定できるようになった。
[3-1] 希釈用緩衝液で試料を希釈し、血液中の分析対象成分を定量分析する方法において、内部標準物質及び外部標準物質を用いて血液試料の希釈倍数を算出することを含む、血液試料中の分析対象成分の定量分析方法であって、内部標準物質は希釈用緩衝液に所定濃度添加され、外部標準物質は血液試料中に恒常的に所定の濃度で含まれる成分であり、前記希釈用緩衝液は内部標準物質及び外部標準物質の定量に干渉する成分を含んでおらず、希釈用緩衝液で希釈した血液試料中の内部標準物質濃度と外部標準物質濃度を測定し、これらの測定値に基づいて血液試料の希釈倍数を算出することを含む、血液試料中の分析対象成分の定量分析方法。
[3-2] 前記外部標準物質濃度の測定値を用いて、前記内部標準物質濃度の測定値から求めた血液試料の希釈倍数を補正することにより、前記血液試料中の分析対象成分を定量分析する定量分析方法。
[3-3] 内部標準物質がアルカリ金属類又はアルカリ土類金属類に属する元素、外部標準物資がナトリウム、クロール、アルブミン及び総タンパク質からなる群から選択される、[3-1]又は[3-2]の定量分析方法。
[3-4] 内部標準物質がリチウム、又はグリセロール-3-リン酸であり、外部標準物質がナトリウムである、[3-3]の定量分析方法。
[3-5] 希釈用緩衝液が、緩衝剤成分として、2-アミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノール、2-エチルアミノエタノール、N-メチル-D-グルカミン、ジエタノールアミン及びトリエタノールアミンからなる群から選択されるアミノアルコール化合物、
並びにHEPES (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid)、
TES (N-Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2- aminoethanesulfonic acid)、
MOPS(3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid)及び
BES(N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid)
からなる群から選択される緩衝剤を含み、pH6.5~pH8.0の緩衝作用を有する緩衝液である、[3-1]~[3-4]のいずれかの定量分析方法。
[3-6] 希釈用緩衝液が、ナトリウム及びクロールを実質的に含まない、[3-5]のいずれかの定量分析方法。
[3-7] 微量血液試料の希釈倍数が以下の算出式(1)~(4)のいずれかの算出式により算出され、希釈血漿中の分析対象成分を定量し、算出式(1)~(4)のいずれかで求めた希釈倍数を乗じて、元の血漿中の分析対象成分を定量する、[3-1]~[3-6]のいずれかの定量分析法:
算出式(1)
A + C
X = ----- (1)
B + D
;
算出式(2)
√(A2 + C2)
X = ------- (2)
√(B2 + D2)
;
算出式(3)
X= a × (B+D) ± b (3)
[ここで、a及びbは係数であり、あらかじめB+Dと希釈倍数のデータを取得し、X= a × (B+D) ± bで表される標準曲線を作成しておく]
;
並びに
算出式(4)
X=A/B' (4)
[ここで、B'=(A×D)/Cである]、
[上記式において、A、B、C、D、B'及びXは以下のように定義される;
A:内部標準物質を添加した緩衝液中の内部標準物質の吸光度
B:希釈血漿中の内部標準物質の吸光度
C:血漿中外部標準物質濃度の正常中央値の吸光度、
D:希釈血漿中の外部標準物質の吸光度、
B':外部標準物質吸光度から算出した希釈倍数による、希釈血漿中の内部標準物質の吸光度の補正値、及び
X:血漿希釈倍数
[ここで、希釈血漿とは、血液試料を希釈用緩衝液で希釈し、血球を除去して得られた血漿をいう]。
[3-8] β-ガラクトシダーゼはナトリウムイオン濃度に応じて酵素活性が変化し、その吸光度変化量からナトリウムイオン濃度を定量できることを利用し、希釈用緩衝液を用いて希釈した血液試料中の外部標準の一つであるナトリウムを以下の方法で測定する[3-1]~[3-7]のの定量分析方法:
生体試料を希釈用緩衝液で希釈し、さらに精製水で希釈し、β-ガラクトシダーゼを含む緩衝液である第1試薬を試料量の10~30倍容積量添加し、30~45℃で2~20分加温し、o-Nitrophenyl-β-D-Galactpyranosideを含む基質液である第2試薬を第1試薬の半量を添加し、生成するo-Nitrophenolを主波長410nm、副波長658nmで吸光度を測定する。
[3-9] [3-1]~[3-8]の定量分析する方法において、微量血液試料の希釈に用いる希釈用緩衝液であって、緩衝剤成分として、2-アミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノール、2-エチルアミノエタノール、N-メチル-D-グルカミン、ジエタノールアミン及びトリエタノールアミンからなる群から選択されるアミノアルコール化合物、並びにHEPES (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid)、TES (N-Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2- aminoethanesulfonic acid)、MOPS(3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid)及び BES(N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid)からなる群から選択される緩衝剤を含み、pH7.4で緩衝作用を有する緩衝液。
[3-10] ナトリウム及びクロールを実質的に含まない、[3-9]の緩衝液。
[3-11] 外部標準物質を用いた定量分析方法に用いられる、[3-9]又は[3-10]の緩衝液。
[3-12] 内部標準物質を用いた定量分析方法に用いられる、[3-9]又は[3-10]の緩衝液。
本発明は以下の特徴を有する。すなわち、本発明の1つの特徴によれば、採取した未知濃度の血球を含む生体試料の成分を定量及び酵素活性分析する方法であって、生体試料に全く含まれない若しくはほとんど含まれない成分であって、血球膜を通過しない内部標準物質を用意し、これを緩衝液中に添加する。血液を添加する前の緩衝液中の内部標準物質濃度を分析し、その吸光度と血液添加後の希釈された緩衝液中の内部標準物質の濃度を測定することで、その吸光度の比率から血液中の血漿希釈率を求め、原血漿中の生体成分や酵素活性を求める。この場合、前記緩衝液の浸透圧がほぼ血液浸透圧となるように調製されるのが好ましい。
1.7.0μlの混合生体試料と90μlのR1を混合し、37℃で5分間放置する。
2.545/658nm波長で吸光度を測定する。――A1(吸光度)
3.30μlのR2を混合し、37℃で5分間放置する。
4.545/658nm波長で吸光度を測定する。――A2(吸光度)
1.11μlの混合生体試料と90μlのR1を混合し、37℃で5分間放置する。
2.596/805nm波長で吸光度を測定する。――A3(吸光度)
3.45μlのR2を混合し、37℃で5分間放置する。
4.546/884nm波長で吸光度を測定する。――A4(吸光度)
吸光度は測定値の差として表すことができる。従って、一般に吸光度はΔA=A4-A3として得られる。
V1=V0/(r1-1)
で算出できる。
V1+V2+V3 =V0/(r2-1)
で算出できる。
V2+V3 =(V1+V2+V3)- V1 = V0 / (r2 - 1) - V0 / (r1 - 1)が算出できる。
V2/(V2+V3)= 0.65より
V2 = 0.65×{V0 / (r2 - 1) - V0 / (r1 - 1)}
V3 = 0.35×V2/0.65
V3 = 0.35×{V0 / (r2 - 1) - V0 / (r1 - 1)}
血漿又は、血清の量(V1)
血漿又は、血清の希釈率(r1)
血漿又は、血清及び血球液体の量(V1+V2)
血液全体の希釈率(r2)
血液量(V1+V2+V3)
血液の希釈率{(V0+V1+V2+V3)/(V1+V2+V3)}
血球量(V2+V3)
血球の希釈率{(V0+V2+V3)/(V2+V3)}
血球液体の量(V2)
血球液体の希釈率{(V0+V2)/V2}
血球固体の量(V3)
血球固体の希釈率{(V0+V3)/V3}
ヘマトクリット値(%){(V2+V3)/(V1+V2+V3)×100(%)}又は1-(血液希釈率-1)/(血漿希釈率-1)
緩衝液の量(V0)
緩衝液の血漿又は、血清に対する希釈率{(V0+V1)/V0}
緩衝液の血漿又は、血清及び血球液体に対する希釈率{(V0+V1+V2)/V0}
緩衝液の血液に対する希釈率{(V0+V1+V2+V3)/V0}
緩衝液の血球液体に対する希釈率{(V0+V2)/V0}
緩衝液の血球固体に対する希釈率{(V0+V3)/V0}
緩衝液の血球に対する希釈率{(V0+V2+V3)/V0}
などが算出可能である。V0、r1、r2、V1、V2、V3を単独又は組み合わせることによって算出できるものは、上記の例に限定されるものではない。
本発明は、血液等の生体試料を緩衝液で希釈した後に生体試料中の定量すべき分析対象成分を定量する方法であって、生体試料成分である外部標準物質を用いて生体試料の希釈倍数を求め、該希釈倍数から生体試料中の分析対象成分を定量することを特徴とする。
算出方法1
A
X = --------- (I)
B
A:血漿中外部標準物質濃度の正常中央値の吸光度、
B:希釈血漿中の外部標準物質の吸光度、
X:血漿希釈倍数
本発明は、血液等の生体試料を緩衝液で希釈した後に生体試料中の定量すべき分析対象成分を定量する方法であって、内部標準物質及び外部標準物質を用いて生体試料の希釈倍数を求め、該希釈倍数から生体試料中の分析対象成分を定量することを特徴とする。
A:内部標準物質を添加した緩衝液中の内部標準物質の吸光度
B:希釈血漿中の内部標準物質の吸光度
C:血漿中外部標準物質濃度の正常中央値の吸光度
D:希釈血漿中の外部標準物質の吸光度
X:血漿希釈倍数
ここで、希釈血漿とは、血液試料を希釈用緩衝液で希釈し、血球を除去して得られた血漿をいう。内部標準物質としてリチウムを用い、外部標準物質としてナトリウムを用いる場合、リチウムの濃度は、例えば、キレート比色法等でリチウム濃度を測定した場合に得られる吸光度で表すことができる。また、ナトリウムの濃度は、酵素的測定法等で測定した場合の吸光度で表すことができる。血漿中ナトリウム濃度の正常中央値は健常者の中央値であり、血漿中ナトリウム濃度の正常中央値の吸光度としては、ナトリウム142 mmol/Lの吸光度を用いればよい。該値は、既知の値である。以下の算出方法2及び3においても同様である。
X = ----- (1)
B + D
√(A2 + C2)
X = ------- (2)
√(B2 + D2)
B:希釈血漿中の内部標準物質の吸光度
D:希釈血漿中の外部標準物質の吸光度
X:血漿希釈倍数
血漿の希釈倍数は下の算出式(3)で求めることができる。
X= a × (B+D) ± b (3)
(a及びbは係数)
A:内部標準物質を添加した緩衝液中の内部標準物質の吸光度
B:希釈血漿中の内部標準物質の吸光度
C:血漿中外部標準物質濃度の正常中央値の吸光度、
D:希釈血漿中の外部標準物質の吸光度
B':外部標準物質の吸光度から算出した希釈倍数による、希釈血漿中の内部標準物質の吸光度の補正値
X:血漿希釈倍数
X = A/B = C/D
(B')=(A×D)/C
X=A/B' (4)
1. 内部標準を利用する分析法(内部標準法)
[実施例1-1]
マルトースを内部標準物質として希釈緩衝液に添加した血液希釈緩衝液にEDTA-2Na添加した全血試料を60μLと血液希釈緩衝液を200 μL加え、50例の静脈血液試料について検討した。希釈なしの全血を遠心して得られた血漿の測定値と希釈した血漿の測定値に内部標準で希釈倍数を乗じて求めた希釈血漿測定値について相関を調べた結果、図1に示すように酵素活性(トランスアミナーゼ;ALT,γ-グルタミルトランスフェラーゼ;GGT)、脂質検査(中性脂肪;TG、LDL-コレステロール、グルコース、ヘモグロビンA1c)の検査で良好な相関性が得られた。
血球及び血漿に分布する内部標準であるエタノールアミンを血液希釈緩衝液に添加した希釈緩衝液にEDTA-2Na添加した全血試料を60μLと血液希釈緩衝液を200μL加え、50例の静脈血液試料について検討した。
マルトース内部標準から求めた血漿希釈率とエタノールアミンから求めた全血希釈率を用いて計算式から求めた血液中の血球体積を示すヘマトクリット値と全血を血球計数機で求めた値との相関を調べた。その結果を図6に示す。良好な相関性で実用性がある。
[実施例2-1] 微量血液試料を用いた定量分析
(1)外部標準物質(ナトリウム)の測定及び希釈倍数の算出
微量血液試料65μLを緩衝液280μLに添加して混合し、フィルターで血球を濾過して、希釈血漿を試料として生化学自動分析装置で外部標準物質及び生体成分の各濃度を測定した。
以下の試薬を用いた
1)第一試薬:
pH6.0, 0.1 mol/L MES・NaOH緩衝液に膵由来アミラーゼ2 U/ml及び10 mmol/L EDTAを含む溶液
2)第二試薬:5 mmol/L 2-クロロ-4-ニトロフェニルマルトース溶液
クロール測定法は以下のとおりであった。
表7には血漿測定値と外部標準物質(ナトリウム)の希釈倍率から求めた希釈血漿測定値との相関統計値を示した。測定は、日本電子(株)JCA-BM 6050型自動分析装置を用いて行った。142mmol/Lのナトリウム測定吸光度(A)と希釈血漿のナトリウム吸光度(B)を下記の式(I)により求めた希釈倍数(X:8倍希釈)を利用して求めた希釈血漿の生化学検査データ(希釈血漿測定値)と血漿データ(血漿測定値)の相関を示す。各検査項目の血漿測定は常法で行った。また、希釈血漿の測定は常法より試料の容量を増やして最適化した条件で測定を行った。表7に示すように生化学検査13項目の相関性は良好であり、微量の血液から元の血漿中の生化学検査データを得ることが可能である。
X = --------- (I)
B
[実施例3-1] 微量血液試料を用いた定量分析
(1)内部標準物質(リチウム、グリセロール-3-リン酸)及び外部標準物質(ナトリウム)の測定及び希釈倍数の算出
微量血液試料65μLを内部標準物質添加緩衝液280μLに添加して混合し、フィルターで血球を濾過して、希釈血漿を試料として生化学自動分析装置で内部標準物質と外部標準物質及び生体成分の各濃度を測定した。
日本電子(株)JCA-BM 6050型自動分析装置を用いて測定した血漿と希釈血漿の生化学検査項目の測定値の相関図を図10-1~10-6に示す。希釈用緩衝液中の内部標準物質(リチウム)の測定吸光度(A)と血漿添加後の内部標準物質の測定吸光度(B)及び142mmol/Lのナトリウム測定吸光度(C)と希釈血漿のナトリウム吸光度(D)を下記の算出式(1)により求めたハイブリッドで希釈倍数(X:8倍希釈)を利用して求めた希釈血漿の生化学検査データ(希釈血漿測定値)をy軸、血漿データ(血漿測定値)をx軸に表示した。各検査項目の血漿測定は常法で行った。また、希釈血漿の測定は常法より試料の容量を増やして最適化した条件で測定を行った。図10-1~10-6に示すように生化学検査13項目の相関性は良好であり、微量の血液から元の血漿中の生化学検査データを得ることが可能である。
X = ----- (1)
B + D
表12には内部標準物質(リチウム)及び外部標準物質(ナトリウム)を併用するハイブリッド法での血漿測定値と希釈血漿測定値との相関統計値を示した。
日本電子(株)JCA-BM 6050型自動分析装置を用いて測定した血漿と希釈血漿の生化学検査項目の測定値の相関を表13に示す。希釈用緩衝液中の内部標準物質(グリセロール-3-リン酸)の測定吸光度(A)と血漿添加後の内部標準物質の測定吸光度(B)及び142mmol/Lのナトリウム測定吸光度(C)と希釈血漿のナトリウム吸光度(D)を実施例3-1の算出式(1)により求めたハイブリッドで希釈倍数(X:8倍希釈)を利用して求めた希釈血漿の生化学検査データ(希釈血漿測定値)をy軸、血漿データ(血漿測定値)をx軸に表示した。各検査項目の血漿測定は常法で行った。また、希釈血漿の測定は常法より試料の容量を増やして最適化した条件で測定を行った。表13に示すように生化学検査13項目の相関性は良好であり、微量の血液から元の血漿中の生化学検査データを得ることが可能である。
(1) 外部標準物質として血漿ナトリウムを用いる場合の希釈倍数に与える影響
健常者の血漿ナトリウム濃度は個体内及び個体間の生理的変動は非常に小さく、その基準範囲(正常範囲)は135~145 mmol/Lである。この健常者の中央値である142mmol/Lという値を利用して、血液試料を希釈用緩衝液で希釈し血球を除去して得た希釈血漿中のナトリウム濃度を高感度な酵素法で測定すると0~30 mmol/Lまで精度良く測定ができる。また、基準範囲上下限の135mmol/Lと145 mmol/Lの試料を142 mmol/Lを基準として希釈倍数を補正しても±2%の誤差範囲内で測定ができる。
血液を希釈する緩衝液にリチウムを内部標準物質として添加した場合、血液中の血漿量に応じてリチウム濃度が希釈されて、血漿希釈倍数を求める方法は8~10倍程度までは血漿添加量が多いため、添加前と添加後の濃度差が大きく希釈倍数の再現性は変動係数2%以下である。しかし、12~16倍では血漿の添加量が減少するため希釈倍数は変動係数4~5%に上昇する。
2:血漿(血清)
3:血球
4:緩衝液
5:内部標準物
6:血液希釈溶液
Claims (31)
- 希釈用緩衝液で試料を希釈し、血液中の分析対象成分を定量分析する方法において、内部標準物質及び外部標準物質を用いて血液試料の希釈倍数を算出することを含む、血液試料中の分析対象成分の定量分析方法であって、内部標準物質は希釈用緩衝液に所定濃度添加され、外部標準物質は血液試料中に恒常的に所定の濃度で含まれる成分であり、前記希釈用緩衝液は内部標準物質及び外部標準物質の定量に干渉する成分を含んでおらず、希釈用緩衝液で希釈した血液試料中の内部標準物質濃度と外部標準物質濃度を測定し、これらの測定値に基づいて血液試料の希釈倍数を算出することを含む、血液試料中の分析対象成分の定量分析方法。
- 前記外部標準物質濃度の測定値を用いて、前記内部標準物質濃度の測定値から求めた血液試料の希釈倍数を補正することにより、前記血液試料中の分析対象成分を定量分析する定量分析方法。
- 内部標準物質がアルカリ金属類又はアルカリ土類金属類に属する元素、外部標準物資がナトリウム、クロール、アルブミン及び総タンパク質からなる群から選択される、請求項1又は2に記載の定量分析方法。
- 内部標準物質がリチウム、又はグリセロール-3-リン酸であり、外部標準物質がナトリウムである、請求項3記載の定量分析方法。
- 希釈用緩衝液が、緩衝剤成分として、2-アミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノール、2-エチルアミノエタノール、N-メチル-D-グルカミン、ジエタノールアミン及びトリエタノールアミンからなる群から選択されるアミノアルコール化合物、並びにHEPES (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid)、TES (N-Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2- aminoethanesulfonic acid)、MOPS(3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid)及び BES(N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid)からなる群から選択される緩衝剤を含み、pH6.5~pH8.0の緩衝作用を有する緩衝液である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の定量分析方法。
- 希釈用緩衝液が、ナトリウム及びクロールを実質的に含まない、請求項5に記載の定量分析方法。
- 微量血液試料の希釈倍数が以下の算出式(1)~(4)のいずれかの算出式により算出され、希釈血漿中の分析対象成分を定量し、算出式(1)~(4)のいずれかで求めた希釈倍数を乗じて、元の血漿中の分析対象成分を定量する、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の定量分析法:
算出式(1)
A + C
X = ----- (1)
B + D
;
算出式(2)
√(A2 + C2)
X = ------- (2)
√(B2 + D2)
;
算出式(3)
X= a × (B+D) ± b (3)
[ここで、a及びbは係数であり、あらかじめB+Dと希釈倍数のデータを取得し、X= a × (B+D) ± bで表される標準曲線を作成しておく]
;
並びに
算出式(4)
X=A/B' (4)
[ここで、B'=(A×D)/Cである]、
[上記式において、A、B、C、D、B'及びXは以下のように定義される;
A:内部標準物質を添加した緩衝液中の内部標準物質の吸光度
B:希釈血漿中の内部標準物質の吸光度
C:血漿中外部標準物質濃度の正常中央値の吸光度、
D:希釈血漿中の外部標準物質の吸光度、
B':外部標準物質の吸光度から算出した希釈倍数による、希釈血漿中の内部標準物質の吸光度の補正値、及び
X:血漿希釈倍数
[ここで、希釈血漿とは、血液試料を希釈用緩衝液で希釈し、血球を除去して得られた血漿をいう]。 - β-ガラクトシダーゼはナトリウムイオン濃度に応じて酵素活性が変化し、その吸光度変化量からナトリウムイオン濃度を定量できることを利用し、希釈用緩衝液を用いて希釈した血液試料中の外部標準の一つであるナトリウムを以下の方法で測定する請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の定量分析方法:
生体試料を希釈用緩衝液で希釈し、さらに精製水で希釈し、β-ガラクトシダーゼを含む緩衝液である第1試薬を希釈試料量の10~30倍容積量添加し、30~45℃で2~20分加温し、o-Nitrophenyl-β-D-Galactpyranosideを含む基質液である第2試薬を第1試薬量の半量を添加し、生成するo-Nitrophenolを主波長410nm、副波長658nmで吸光度を測定する。 - 請求項1~8に記載の定量分析方法において、微量血液試料の希釈に用いる希釈用緩衝液であって、緩衝剤成分として、2-アミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノール、2-エチルアミノエタノール、N-メチル-D-グルカミン、ジエタノールアミン及びトリエタノールアミンからなる群から選択されるアミノアルコール化合物、並びにHEPES (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid)、TES (N-Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2- aminoethanesulfonic acid)、MOPS(3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid)及び BES(N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid)からなる群から選択される緩衝剤を含み、pH7.4で緩衝作用を有する緩衝液。
- ナトリウム及びクロールを実質的に含まない、請求項9記載の緩衝液。
- 外部標準物質を用いた定量分析方法に用いられる、請求項9又は10に記載の緩衝液。
- 内部標準物質を用いた定量分析方法に用いられる、請求項9又は10に記載の緩衝液。
- 試料血液を入れるための希釈緩衝液を用い、該希釈緩衝液中に含まれる内部標準物質を分析し、血漿又は血清の希釈率を算出し、前記試料血液中の血漿又は血清成分中の生体成分を分析する生体試料成分の分析方法において、前記希釈緩衝液に含まれる内部標準物質が血球内に浸透しない性質を有しており、マルトースを含む2単糖類、グルタミン酸、ロイシン、バリン、イソロイシン、4-ハイドロキシンベンゼン、ハイドロキシ酪酸、クレアチン、リンゴ酸、トリンダー試薬、リチウム、からなる群から選ばれる物質である内部標準物質を用いた生体試料成分の分析方法。
- 希釈緩衝液に含まれる内部標準物質がリチウムである、請求項13に記載の生体試料成分の分析方法。
- 試料血液を入れるための希釈緩衝液を用い、該希釈緩衝液中に含まれる内部標準物質を分析し、血液の希釈率を算出し、前記試料血液中の血球算定数や血漿の生体成分を分析する生体試料成分の分析方法において、前記希釈緩衝液に含まれる内部標準物質が血球内に浸透する性質を有しており、エタノールアミン、ヘキシルアミン、フェニールエチルアミン、アミールアミン、ヒスタミン、プトレシン、ヒポキサンチン、トリプトファン、プレグレノロン、β-シトステロールからなる群から選ばれる物質である内部標準物質を用いた生体試料成分の分析方法。
- 試料血液を入れるための希釈緩衝液を用い、該希釈緩衝液中に含まれる内部標準物質を分析し、血液又は血漿又は血清の希釈率を算出し、前記試料血液中の血球算定数や血漿の生体成分又は前記試料血液中の血漿又は血清成分中の生体成分を分析する生体試料成分の分析方法において、
前記希釈緩衝液は、
血球内に浸透しない性質を有する前記内部標準物質であって、リチウム、マルトースを含む2単糖類、グルタミン酸、ロイシン、バリン、イソロイシン、4-ハイドロキシンベンゼン、ハイドロキシ酪酸、クレアチン、リンゴ酸、トリンダー試薬からなる群から選ばれる物質と、
血球内に浸透する性質を有する前記内部標準物質であって、エタノールアミン、ヘキシルアミン、フェニールエチルアミン、アミールアミン、ヒスタミン、プトレシン、ヒポキサンチン、トリプトファン、プレグレノロン、β-シトステロールからなる群から選ばれる物質とを含む生体試料成分の分析方法。 - 前記希釈緩衝液に含まれる内部標準物質が分子量500以下の化学物質で分子内に硫酸イオン(-SO3-)、カルボキシルイオン(-COO-)、チオール基(-SH)、第4級アミン(-NH3+)からなる群から選ばれる置換基を持つ化合物から選ばれる内部標準物質である、請求項13に記載の生体試料成分の分析方法。
- 前記希釈緩衝液に含まれる内部標準物質がADOS(N-エチル-N-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-スルホプロピル)-3-メトキシアニリン)、ADPS(N-エチル-N-スルホプロピル-3-メトキシアニリン)、ALPS(N-エチル-N-スルホプロピルアニリン)、DAOS(N-エチル-N-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-スルホプロピル)-3,5-ジメトキシアニリン)、HDAOS(N-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-スルホプロピル)-3,5-ジメトキシアニリン)、MAOS(N-エチル-N-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-スルホプロピル)-3,5-ジメチルアニリン)、TOOS(N-エチル-N-(2-ヒドロキシ-3-スルホプロピル)-3-メトキシアニリン)、TOPS(N-エチル-N-スルホプロピル-3-メチルアニリン)から成る群から選ばれる化合物であるトリンダー試薬である、請求項13に記載の生体試料成分の分析方法。
- 前記希釈緩衝液は、血液が混合されても前記血球の溶血が生じない試薬組成を有している請求項13~18のいずれか1項に記載の生体試料成分の分析方法。
- 前記希釈緩衝液が前記血液中の生体試料成分を変性させることなく、安定に維持できるように、エチレンジアミン四酢酸塩、クエン酸塩、シュウ酸塩などのキレート剤、アミカシン硫酸塩、カナマイシン硫酸塩、チアベンダゾール、アジ化ナトリウムなどの抗菌剤や防腐剤、ピリドキサルリン酸、マグネシウム、亜鉛などの補酵素、マンニトール、デキストロース、オリゴ糖などの糖類、ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム、水銀、ヘパリンからなる群から選択される阻害剤を被測定成分に応じて単独若しくは複数組み合わされた組成の添加物を含む請求項13~19のいずれか1項に記載の生体試料成分の分析方法。
- 前記内部標準物質の希釈率から血液の血球容積率(ヘマトクリット値)を算出することを特徴とする請求項16に記載の生体試料成分の分析方法。
- 希釈用緩衝液で微量血液試料を希釈し、血液中の分析対象成分を定量分析する方法において、外部標準物質を用いて血液試料の希釈倍数を算出することを含む、血液試料中の分析対象成分の定量分析方法であって、外部標準物質は血液試料中に恒常的に所定の濃度で含まれる成分であり、前記希釈用緩衝液は外部標準物質の定量に干渉する成分を含んでおらず、希釈用緩衝液で希釈した血液試料中の外部標準物質濃度を測定し、これらの測定値に基づいて血液試料の希釈倍数を算出することを含む、血液試料中の分析対象成分の定量分析方法。
- 希釈用緩衝液で希釈した血液試料中の外部標準物質濃度を測定し、これらの測定値に基づいて血液試料の希釈倍数を算出することを含む、血液試料中の分析対象成分の定量分析方法。
- 外部標準物資がナトリウム、クロール、アルブミン及び総タンパク質からなる群から選択される、請求項22又は23に記載の定量分析方法。
- 外部標準物質がナトリウム、クロール、及び総タンパク質からなる群から選択される、、請求項24記載の定量分析方法。
- 希釈用緩衝液が、緩衝剤成分として、2-アミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノール、2-エチルアミノエタノール、N-メチル-D-グルカミン、ジエタノールアミン及びトリエタノールアミンからなる群から選択されるアミノアルコール化合物、並びにHEPES (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid)、TES (N-Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2- aminoethanesulfonic acid)、MOPS(3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid)及び BES(N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid)からなる群から選択される緩衝剤を含み、pH7.4で緩衝作用を有する緩衝液である、請求項22~25のいずれか1項に記載の定量分析方法。
- 希釈用緩衝液が、ナトリウム及びクロールを実質的に含まない、請求項22~26のいずれか1項に記載の定量分析方法。
- 微量血液試料の希釈倍数が以下の算出式(I)の算出式により算出され、希釈血漿中の分析対象成分を定量し、算出式(I)で求めた希釈倍数を乗じて、元の血漿中の分析対象成分を定量する、請求項22~27のいずれか1項に記載の定量分析法:
A
X = --------- (I)
B
A:血漿中外部標準物質濃度の健常者中央値の吸光度、
B:希釈血漿中の外部標準物質の吸光度、
X:血漿希釈倍数
[ここで、希釈血漿とは、血液試料を希釈用緩衝液で希釈し、血球を除去して得られた血漿をいう]。 - β-ガラクトシダーゼはナトリウムイオン濃度に応じて酵素活性が変化し、その吸光度変化量からナトリウムイオン濃度を定量できることを利用し、希釈用緩衝液を用いて希釈した血液試料中のナトリウムを以下の方法で測定する請求項24~28のいずれか1項に記載の定量分析方法:
生体試料を希釈用緩衝液で希釈し、さらに精製水で希釈し、
β-ガラクトシダーゼを含む緩衝液である第1試薬を試料量の10~30倍容積量添加し、30~45℃で2~20分加温し、o-Nitrophenyl-β-D-Galactpyranosideを含む基質液である第2試薬を第1試薬量の半量を添加し、主波長410nm、副波長658nmで反応速度の吸光度を測定する。 - 請求項22~29のいずれか1項に記載の定量分析方法において、微量血液試料の希釈に用いる希釈用緩衝液であって、緩衝剤成分として、2-アミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノール、2-エチルアミノエタノール、N-メチル-D-グルカミン、ジエタノールアミン及びトリエタノールアミンからなる群から選択されるアミノアルコール化合物、並びにHEPES (2- [4- (2-Hydoxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid)、TES (N-Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2- aminoethanesulfonic acid)、MOPS(3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acid)及び BES(N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid)からなる群から選択される緩衝剤を含み、pH7.4で緩衝作用を有する緩衝液。
- ナトリウム及びクロールを実質的に含まない、請求項30記載の緩衝液。
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