WO2015108276A1 - 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막의 형성 방법 및 이에 따른 피막 - Google Patents
복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막의 형성 방법 및 이에 따른 피막 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/447—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on phosphates, e.g. hydroxyapatite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/50—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on rare-earth compounds
- C04B35/505—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on rare-earth compounds based on yttrium oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62222—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining ceramic coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/06—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/4401—Means for minimising impurities, e.g. dust, moisture or residual gas, in the reaction chamber
- C23C16/4404—Coatings or surface treatment on the inside of the reaction chamber or on parts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/458—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for supporting substrates in the reaction chamber
- C23C16/4581—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for supporting substrates in the reaction chamber characterised by material of construction or surface finish of the means for supporting the substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
- H01J37/32458—Vessel
- H01J37/32477—Vessel characterised by the means for protecting vessels or internal parts, e.g. coatings
- H01J37/32495—Means for protecting the vessel against plasma
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
Definitions
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for forming a film having a composite film particle diameter and to a film accordingly.
- Spray coating processes are now widely used commercially.
- the most characteristic feature of this thermal spray coating process is spray coating a high melting point ceramic or metal material onto the substrate by rapid phase transition using a very high thermal energy. Coating is possible, and three-dimensional coating is possible through various materials during the spraying process. Based on these excellent properties, it has high reliability in chemical and abrasion resistant coatings, and has been widely applied in various fields such as aerospace, semiconductors, and mechanical ships.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a method of forming a film having a relatively small porosity (or relatively high density), no surface micro crack phenomenon, and has a composite film particle size that facilitates powder control and Thus, a film is provided.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming a film having a particle size of a composite film particle having a relatively high lamination speed, translucent, and easy material property, and a film accordingly.
- a method of forming a film having a particle size of a composite coating particle comprising: receiving a plurality of powders having a powder first particle size range from a powder supply part, and transferring the powder using a transfer gas; And imparting and pulverizing the transferred powder to the substrate in the process chamber at a speed of 100 to 500 m / s, thereby forming a plurality of first particles having a film first particle size range and a film second larger than the film first particle size range.
- the film first particle size range of the first particle is 200 nm to 900 nm
- the film second particle size range of the second particle is It is characterized in that the 900 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- the powder first particle size range of the powder may be 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the maximum number of the first particles may be present between 250 nm and 350 nm in the first particle size range of the coating, and the maximum number of the second particles may be between 1.0 ⁇ m and 1.2 ⁇ m of the second particle size range of the coating film. May exist.
- the number of the first particles may be greater than the number of the second particles.
- the porosity of the coating may be 0.01% to 1.0%.
- the cross-sectional ratio of the first particles and the second particles may be 9: 1 to 5: 5.
- the transport gas or the substrate may be maintained at a temperature of 0 ° C to 1000 ° C.
- the powder may be a brittle material or a soft material.
- the powder is yttrium-based oxide, Y 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 series compounds, AlN, Si 3 N 4 , TiN, B 4 C, ZrO 2, Al 2 O 3 , Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 , bioglass, a mixture of one or two selected from the group consisting of crystallized glass and titanium dioxide in which crystals are precipitated by heat treatment inside the glass matrix.
- a film having a particle diameter of the composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention is a film having a particle size of the composite film particle formed by using a powder having a powder particle size in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- One particle size range is 200 nm to 900 nm
- the second particle size range of the second particle is characterized in that 900 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- the maximum number of the first particles may be present between 250 nm and 350 nm in the first particle size range of the coating, and the maximum number of the second particles may be 1.0 ⁇ m to 1.2 ⁇ m in the second particle size range of the coating. May exist between.
- the number of the first particles may be greater than the number of the second particles.
- the porosity of the coating may be 0.01% to 1.0%.
- the cross-sectional ratio of the first particles and the second particles may be 9: 1 to 5: 5.
- the first and second particles may be a brittle material or a soft material.
- the first and second particles are yttrium oxide, Y 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 compounds, AlN, Si 3 N 4 , TiN, B 4 C, ZrO 2, Al 2 O 3 , Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 , bioglass, a mixture of one or two selected from the group consisting of crystallized glass and titanium dioxide in which crystals are precipitated by heat treatment inside the glass matrix.
- the substrate may be a component exposed to a plasma environment, a human body insertion instrument, a substrate or heat sink for a light emitting diode (LED), a substrate or heat sink for an electronic control unit (ECU) of a vehicle, a substrate or a heat sink for an ignition module of a vehicle, It may be a substrate or heat sink of a power semiconductor module, a substrate or heat sink of a power converter, or a heat dissipation substrate for a fuel cell.
- LED light emitting diode
- ECU electronice control unit
- It may be a substrate or heat sink of a power semiconductor module, a substrate or heat sink of a power converter, or a heat dissipation substrate for a fuel cell.
- the component may be an internal component of a process chamber for semiconductor or display manufacturing.
- the components include electrostatic chucks, heaters, chamber liners, shower heads, boats for chemical vapor deposition (CVD), focus rings, and walls.
- the human insertion instrument may be an implant fixture or an artificial joint.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming a film having a relatively small porosity (or relatively high density), no surface microcracks, and having a composite film particle size with easy powder control, and a film accordingly. do.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming a film having a particle size of a composite film particle having a relatively high lamination speed, translucent, and easy material property, and a film accordingly.
- One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming a film having a composite particle particle size with improved plasma resistance and a film accordingly.
- One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming a film having a composite film particle diameter having improved hardness and bonding strength characteristics, and a film accordingly.
- One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming a film having a composite film particle diameter having excellent breakdown voltage characteristics (or insulation characteristics) and heat dissipation performance, and a coating accordingly.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an apparatus for forming a film having a composite film particle diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a film forming method having a composite film particle diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of the powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of a film having a particle diameter of the composite film particle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating particle size distributions of the first particles and the second particles forming a film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 6A to 6C illustrate electron microscopic cross-sectional photographs of a coating film having a particle diameter of a composite coating film formed of Y 2 O 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7A to 7C illustrate electron microscope cross-sectional photographs of a film having a particle diameter of a composite film particle formed of Al 2 O 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 8A to 8C illustrate electron microscopic cross-sectional photographs of a film having a particle diameter of a composite film formed of hydroxyapatite [Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ] according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9A shows a surface electron micrograph of a film formed of Y 2 O 3 according to the prior art
- FIG. 9B shows an electron micrograph of a film having a particle diameter of the composite film formed of Y 2 O 3 according to the present invention. It is.
- FIG. 10A is an electron micrograph photographing a cross section of a bioceramic film having a particle diameter of a composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10B is an electron micrograph photographing a bioceramic surface formed on an implant fixture.
- 10c is an electron micrograph of various bioceramic surfaces.
- 11A and 11B are graphs illustrating X-ray crystal analysis results of a bioceramic film having a composite film particle diameter and a bioceramic film according to the prior art, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 12A and 12B are diagrams illustrating an implant fixture in which a bio-ceramic coating film having a composite coating particle diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed.
- FIGS. 13B to 13E are electron microscope photographs of component analysis results of a bioceramic film. It is a photograph.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a photograph in which an insulating film having a composite film particle diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed on a copper substrate.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the breakdown voltage of insulating films laminated according to the particle diameter of insulating powder.
- 16A and 16B are cross-sectional views illustrating a substrate and a heat sink on which an insulating film and a pattern are formed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various particles, layers, members, parts, regions, and / or portions, these particles, layers, members, components, regions, and / or portions may refer to these terms. It is obvious that it should not be limited by. These terms are only used to distinguish one particle, layer, member, part, region, or part from another particle, layer, member, part, region, or part. Accordingly, the first particles, layers, parts, regions or parts described below may also refer to the second particles, layers, components, regions or parts without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for forming a film having a composite film particle size according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 shows a film forming method having a composite film particle size according to an embodiment of the present invention
- the film forming apparatus 200 transfers a powder from a transfer gas supply unit 210, a powder supply unit 220 storing and supplying a powder, and a powder supply unit 220.
- the feed pipe 222 which transfers at high speed using gas, the nozzle 232 which coats / laminates or sprays the powder from the feed pipe 222 to the base material 231, and the powder from the nozzle 232 is a base material ( And a process chamber 230 to allow a coating layer of a certain thickness to be formed by impinging, crushing and / or crushing the surface of 231.
- the transport gas stored in the transport gas supply unit 210 may be one or a mixture of two selected from the group consisting of oxygen, helium, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and equivalents thereof. It is not limited.
- the transfer gas is directly supplied from the transfer gas supply unit 210 to the powder supply unit 220 through the pipe 211, and the flow rate and pressure may be adjusted by the flow regulator 250.
- the powder supply unit 220 stores and supplies a large amount of powder, and the powder may have a particle size in a range of about 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the powder has a first particle size range and a first mode and may have properties similar to a normal distribution.
- the particle size range of the powder is smaller than approximately 0.1 ⁇ m, not only the storage and supply of the powder is difficult, but also due to the aggregation phenomenon during storage and supply of the powder, particles smaller than 0.1 ⁇ m when spraying, impinging, crushing and / or pulverizing the powder.
- the green compact which is in the form of clusters, is not only easy to form, but also has a disadvantage of forming a large-area film.
- the particle size range of the powder is larger than about 50 ⁇ m, sand blasting which easily scrapes off the substrate during the spraying, impingement crushing and / or pulverization of the powder is not only prone to occur, but also a part of the formed film also forms particles in the coating. Since the particle diameter is relatively large, the film structure may become unstable, and the porosity of the inside or the surface of the film may increase, thereby preventing the material from exhibiting its original characteristics.
- the particle size range of the powder When the particle size range of the powder is approximately 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, a coating film having a particle size of a composite coating particle having a relatively small porosity (porosity), no surface microcracks, and easy powder control can be obtained. In addition, when the particle size range of the powder is approximately 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, a film having a composite film particle size having a relatively high lamination rate, translucentness, and easy material property can be obtained.
- Such powder may be a brittle material and / or a soft material.
- the brittle material is a material that is not easily broken and elongated, and includes ceramics, glass, and the like.
- the soft material refers to copper, lead, etc. as a material that stretches well as opposed to the brittle material.
- the brittle material powder is yttria (Y 2 O 3 ), YAG (Y 3 Al 5 O 12 ), rare earth series (element-based element number from 57 to 71 including Y and Sc) oxide, alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), bioglass, silicon (SiO 2 ), hydroxyapatite, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and one or a mixture thereof may be selected from the group consisting of equivalents thereof, but the present invention may be used as such a material. This is not limited.
- the brittle material or soft material powder is hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphate, bioglass, Pb (Zr, Ti) O 3 (PZT), alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconia (ZrO 2 ), yttria (Y 2 O 3 ), Yttria stabilized Zirconia (YSZ, Yttria stabilized Zirconia), Dysprosia (Dy 2 O 3 ), Gadolinia (Gd 2 O 3 ), Ceria (CeO 2 ), Gadolinia doped (GDC) Ceria), magnesia (MgO), barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ), nickel manganate (NiMn 2 O 4 ), potassium sodium niobate (KNaNbO 3 ), bismuth potassium titanate (BiKTiO 3 ), bismuth sodium titanate (BiNaTiO 3) ), CoFe 2 O 4 , NiFe 2 O 4 , Ba, Ba
- hydroxide apatite (hydroxyapatite, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2)) is DCPD (Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate, CaHPO 4 .2H 2 O), DCPA (Dicalcium Phosphate Anhydrate, CaHPO 4), OCP (Octacalcium Phosphate, Ca 4 H (PO 4) 3 .5 / 2H 2 O), ⁇ -TCP ( ⁇ -Tcalcium Phosphate, ⁇ -Ca 3 (PO 4) 2), ⁇ -TCP ( ⁇ -Tcalcium Phosphate, ⁇ -Ca 3 ( PO 4 ) 2 ), Te-CP (Tetracalcium Phosphate, Ca 4 O (PO) 2 ) and one or a mixture thereof may be selected from the group consisting of equivalents thereof, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- FIG. 3 is a particle diameter distribution of a powder according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph shown, and it will be described in more detail the particle size characteristics of the powder using this.
- the X axis means powder particle diameter ( ⁇ m), and is also expressed in log scale
- the Y axis represents the number of powder particle diameter (nm) (ea) or the ratio (%) of powder particle diameter (nm). it means.
- the particle size (particle size) analysis of the powder is performed using a laser diffraction technique.
- a laser diffraction technique As an example of the equipment for measuring the size of the powder, there is an analytical device such as LS 13 320 of Beckman Coulter.
- the powder when describing the particle size (particle size) analysis method of the powder, the powder is added to a solvent such as water and diluted with a suspension having a concentration of approximately 10% to make a slurry. Then, the slurry is uniformly dispersed using ultrasonic waves or a rotor. Thereafter, the powder in the slurry state dispersed is circulated, and the laser beam is incident on the powder in the dispersed slurry state. At this time, the particle diameter of the powder is measured by measuring the intensity of the laser beam scattered through the powder.
- the analytical range of the powder by such analytical equipment is generally approximately 0.017 ⁇ m to 2,000 ⁇ m although slightly different from model to model.
- the powder may have a first particle size range and a first mode. More specifically, the first particle size range of the powder may be approximately 0.1 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m, and the first mode of powder may be between approximately 1 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m.
- the powder may further comprise a second particle size range and a second mode.
- the second particle size range of the powder is approximately 15 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 25 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m
- the second mode of powder is between about 20 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, preferably 30 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m. Can be in.
- the maximum number occupied by the first mode of powder may be less than about 5 (or 5%), and the maximum number occupied by the second mode of powder may be less than about 0.5 (or 0.5%).
- approximately 0.1 When the film is formed using only the powder having a particle size range smaller than ⁇ , the particle size range of the powder itself is small, so that the light transmittance and the porosity of the film are excellent overall, but the film formation rate is relatively slow and the powder is agglomerated to There is a problem that is difficult to control.
- the film when the film is formed using a powder having a particle size larger than about 50 ⁇ m, the particle size range of the powder itself is large, so that the overall film stacking speed is high but the porosity of the film is high, and therefore, surface microcracks. There is a problem that the film structure becomes unstable.
- the powder may be approximately spherical, which is advantageous for high speed transfer, but the present invention is not limited to this form, and the powder may have a layered structure, a needle structure, or a polygonal structure.
- the powder having one particle size range and one mode, or two particle size ranges and two modes may also be used in the present invention. Can be used.
- the second and third particle size ranges and the second and third frequency ranges do not limit the powder used in the present invention, and the coating according to the present invention has one mode as described above, and the particle size range is approximately 0.1 ⁇ m. It may be formed by a powder that is from 50 ⁇ m. At this time, the mode may be between about 1 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m, or more preferably between about 4 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m.
- the powder according to the present invention may be formed by the method disclosed in the Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1075993 (Registration Date October 17, 2011) by the applicant, but the present invention is not limited to this method.
- the process chamber 230 maintains a vacuum state during film formation, and a vacuum unit 240 may be connected for this purpose. More specifically, the pressure of the process chamber 230 may be approximately 1 Pascal to 800 Pascals, and the pressure of the powder conveyed by the high speed feed pipe 222 may be approximately 500 Pascals to 2000 Pascals. In any case, however, the pressure of the high speed feed pipe 222 should be higher than that of the process chamber 230.
- the internal temperature range of the process chamber 230 is approximately 0 ° C. to 30 ° C., so there may be no member for increasing or decreasing the internal temperature of the process chamber 230 separately. That is, the carrier gas and / or the substrate can be maintained at a temperature of 0 ° C to 30 ° C without being heated separately.
- the transfer gas or / and the substrate may be heated to a temperature of approximately 300 ° C. to 1000 ° C. in order to improve the deposition efficiency and the density of the coating. That is, the transfer gas in the transfer gas supply unit 210 may be heated by a separate not shown heater, or the substrate 231 in the process chamber 230 may be heated by a separate not shown heater. The stress applied to the powder at the time of film formation by such heating of the transfer gas or / and the substrate is reduced, whereby a dense film having a small porosity is obtained.
- the conveying gas or / and the substrate when the conveying gas or / and the substrate is higher than the temperature of about 1000 ° C., the powder melts, causing a sharp phase transition, thereby increasing the porosity of the coating and unstable coating internal structure.
- the conveying gas or / and the substrate when the conveying gas or / and the substrate is lower than the temperature of approximately 300 ° C., the stress applied to the powder may not be reduced.
- the present invention is not limited to such a temperature range, and the internal temperature range of the transfer gas, the substrate and / or the process chamber may be adjusted between 0 ° C and 1000 ° C, depending on the characteristics of the substrate on which the film is to be formed.
- the pressure difference between the process chamber 230 and the high speed transfer pipe 222 may be approximately 1.5 times to 2000 times. If the pressure difference is less than approximately 1.5 times, the high speed conveyance of the powder may be difficult, and if the pressure difference is greater than approximately 2000 times, the surface of the substrate may be excessively etched by the powder.
- the powder from the powder supply unit 220 is sprayed through the transfer pipe 222, and is transferred to the process chamber 230 at a high speed.
- the process chamber 230 is provided with a nozzle 232 connected to the transfer pipe 222 to impinge the powder on the substrate 231 at a speed of approximately 100 to 500 m / s. That is, the powder through the nozzle 232 is crushed and / or pulverized by the kinetic energy obtained during the transfer and the collision energy generated during the high-speed collision, thereby forming a film having a predetermined thickness on the surface of the substrate 231.
- the powder is decomposed into a first grain having a first particle size range and a first mode, and a second grain having a second particle size range and a second mode, as will be described in detail below.
- the first and second particles are formed on the surface of the substrate with irregular mixing of each other, thereby forming a film having a dense internal structure with a relatively small porosity.
- the film first particle size range and the film first A film having a composite film particle size, in other words, having a first particle having a modest number and a second particle having a film second particle size range and a film second frequency, that is, having at least two peaks in the number of particles, is obtained.
- the first particle size range of the first particles is smaller than the second particle size range of the second particles
- the first mode number of the first particles is smaller than the second mode number of the second particles, so that it is like that between gravel having a large particle size.
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of the film having a composite film particle size according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 5 is a particle size distribution of the first particle and the second particle forming a film according to an embodiment of the present invention Is a graph.
- the X axis means the particle size of the film (nm)
- the Y axis means the particle size of the film (nm). It means the number (ea) or the percentage (%).
- the X axis is up to approximately 10,000 nm, but is omitted for convenience of description.
- the particle size (particle size) analysis of the first and second particles forming the film was carried out with a scanning electron microscope [for example, SNE-4500M analysis equipment]. More specifically, when explaining the particle size analysis method, first, an analysis specimen having a coating (coating layer or film formation) was cut to obtain a cross section, and the cross section was polished. Subsequently, the film
- the particle diameter of the first and second particles was calculated by measuring the longest axis length of the first and second particles having a range of approximately 50 nm to 2200 nm, but the second particles within 10 ⁇ m were substantially It was also observed.
- the film 120 having the composite particle size according to the present invention includes a plurality of first grains 121 having a first particle size on the surface of the substrate 110, and It includes a plurality of second grains (122) having a second particle diameter different from the first particle size and interposed between the first particles (121). That is, the film 120 according to the present invention is a form in which the first particles 121 having a small particle size are densely packed in a gap, a space, or a gap of the second particles 122 having a large particle size.
- the first particle 121 has a first particle size range and a first frequency
- the second particle 122 has a second particle size range larger than the first particle size range and a second frequency greater than the first frequency.
- the first particles 121 and the second particles 122 are laminated / coated on the substrate while being mixed to form a dense film 120 having a small porosity.
- the first particle size range of the first particles 121 is about 1 nm to 900 nm, and the first mode of the first particles 121 is about 250 nm to 800 nm, preferably about 250 nm. It may be between to 350 nm. However, the present invention is not limited to this range, and the first mode of the first particles 121 may be slightly smaller or slightly larger than the above-described numerical value.
- the first particle 121 has a characteristic similar to a normal distribution at approximately 200 nm to 900 nm, centering on the first mode (between 250 nm and 800 nm) of the first particle 121, but is substantially 200 nm.
- the number (ratio) or the most frequent number of the first particles 121 in the region smaller than 200 nm will be ignored in the present invention.
- the particle diameter of the powder for the first particles 121 is also small, and in this case, it is difficult to control the powder.
- the first particle diameter of the first particles 121 is greater than about 900 nm, the light transmittance of the film 110 begins to decrease.
- the second particle size range of the second particles 122 is approximately 900 nm to 10 ⁇ m, preferably 900 nm to 3 ⁇ m, and the second mode of the second particles is between about 1.0 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m, preferably And between about 1.0 ⁇ m and 1.2 ⁇ m.
- the present invention is not limited to this range, and the second mode of the second particle may be slightly smaller or slightly larger than the above-described numerical value.
- the second particle diameter of the second particles 122 is smaller than about 900 nm, the lamination rate of the film is slowed, and when the second particle size 122 is larger than about 10 ⁇ m, light transmittance of the film is lowered. It also means that the porosity increases and the internal structure becomes unstable.
- the reason why the second particle size range of the second particle 122 is limited to 3 ⁇ m is because of limitations of the analytical equipment and is not intended to limit the present invention.
- first particle may be referred to as the first grain
- second particle may be referred to as the second grain
- powder may be referred to as a powder, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the maximum number having the first mode may be about 2 to 10 times, preferably 2 to 5 times more than the maximum number having the second mode.
- the maximum number of first modes of the first particles is about 40 at about 300 nm, and the maximum number of second modes of second particles is about 10 at about 1100 nm.
- the maximum number of first modes was approximately four times higher than the maximum number of second modes.
- the present invention is not limited to these numerical values.
- the size which distinguishes a 1st particle and a 2nd particle was about 900 nm, and the number at this time was about 2-3.
- the number (ratio) in the particle size (size) for distinguishing the first particle and the second particle is about 20 to 30% of the maximum number of the second modes.
- the maximum number of first modes is approximately 2 to 10 times, preferably 2 to 5 times more than the maximum number of second modes
- the maximum of the first modes If the number is larger than the above ratio, the light transmittance of the film is improved, which is advantageous for realizing material properties, but the film stacking speed is relatively slow.
- the maximum number of first modes is smaller than the above-mentioned ratio, the stacking speed of the film is increased, but the porosity is increased, thereby increasing the surface microcracks, thereby causing the film to become unstable.
- the porosity of the above-described forming method and the film 120 thus formed may be about 0.01% to 1.0%, preferably about 0.01% to 0.2%. That is, the porosity is the first particle size range and the first mode number of the first particle 121, the second particle size range and the second mode number of the second particle 122, and the first and second particles 121 and 122 It is determined by the number (rate) or the like of the first and second modes, and if it is outside the numerical range described above, the lamination rate of the coating may be too slow or the porosity may be too large. That is, when the above-described forming method and the resulting coating 120 have a porosity of approximately 0.01% to 1.0%, the surface microcracks are small at this time, and thus the microstructure of the coating is stabilized.
- the porosity of the film 120 is measured by the image processing software described above, which is well known to those skilled in the art, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the thickness of the coating 120 may be approximately 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the coating 120 is less than about 1 ⁇ m, the substrate 110 may be difficult to be used industrially. If the thickness of the coating 120 is greater than about 100 ⁇ m, the light transmittance may be significantly reduced.
- the light transmittance of the coating 120 may be adjusted to approximately 1% to 99%, the light transmittance of the coating 120 is the overall thickness of the coating 120 and the first, second particles 121 and 122 as described above. Can be controlled by the first and second particle size ranges, and the first and second modes. For example, assuming that the thickness of the coating 120 is the same and the maximum number of the second modes is fixed, the light transmittance may increase in the maximum number of the first modes of the first particles among the first and second particles 121 and 122. The larger the number is, the smaller the maximum number of the first modes among the first particles becomes.
- the porosity is smaller as the maximum number of first modes among the first and second particles 121 and 122 becomes larger, assuming that the maximum number of second modes is fixed, regardless of the thickness of the coating 120.
- the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the first particle 121 and the second particle 122 may be about 9: 1 to 5: 5, preferably 7.7: 2.3.
- the analysis cross-sectional area may be 110 ⁇ m 2 .
- the ratio of the first particles 121 outside the above range is relatively large, there is a problem in that the formation / lamination time of the coating takes a long time, and when the ratio of the first particles 121 outside the above range is relatively small. There is a problem that the porosity increases.
- the ratio of the second particles 122 outside the above range is relatively large, there is a problem in that the formation / lamination time of the film is fast but the porosity increases, and the ratio of the second particles 122 outside the above range is relatively small. In this case, film formation / lamination takes a long time.
- the first particles 121 and the second particles 122 may be a brittle material and / or a soft material, as described above.
- the first and second particles 121 and 122 which are brittle materials include Yttria (Y 2 O 3 ), YAG (Y 3 Al 5 O 12 ), and rare earth series (Y and Sc, including atomic numbers 57 to 71). Elemental) one or two mixtures selected from the group consisting of oxides, alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), bioglass, silicon (SiO 2 ), hydroxyapatite, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and their equivalents
- the present invention is not limited to these materials.
- the first particles 121 and the second particles 122 which are brittle materials or soft materials, include hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphate, bioglass, Pb (Zr, Ti) O 3 (PZT), alumina, titanium dioxide, Zirconia (ZrO 2 ), Yttria (Y 2 O 3 ), Yttria-zirconia (YSZ, Yttria stabilized Zirconia), Dysprosia (Dy 2 O 3 ), Gadolinia (Gd 2 O 3 ), Ceria (CeO 2 ), Gadolinia doped Ceria (GDC), magnesia (MgO), barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ), nickel manganate (NiMn 2 O 4 ), potassium sodium niobate (KNaNbO 3 ), bismuth potassium titanium Nate (BiKTiO 3 ), Bismuth sodium titanate (BiNaTiO 3 ), CoFe 2 O 4
- hydroxide apatite (hydroxyapatite, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2)) is DCPD (Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate, CaHPO 4 .2H 2 O), DCPA (Dicalcium Phosphate Anhydrate, CaHPO 4), OCP (Octacalcium Phosphate, Ca 4 H (PO 4) 3 .5 / 2H 2 O), ⁇ -TCP ( ⁇ -Tcalcium Phosphate, ⁇ -Ca 3 (PO 4) 2), ⁇ -TCP ( ⁇ -Tcalcium Phosphate, ⁇ -Ca 3 ( PO 4 ) 2 ), Te-CP (Tetracalcium Phosphate, Ca 4 O (PO) 2 ) and one or a mixture thereof may be selected from the group consisting of equivalents thereof, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the substrate 110 may be any one selected from glass, metal, plastic, polymer resin, ceramic, and equivalents thereof, but is not limited thereto.
- 6A to 6C illustrate electron micrographs of a film having a particle diameter of a composite film particle formed of Y 2 O 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 7A to 7C illustrate electron micrographs of a film having a particle size of a composite film particle formed of Al 2 O 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 8A to 8C illustrate electron micrographs of a film having a particle diameter of a composite film formed of hydroxyapatite [Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 (OH) 2] according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the portion labeled "nano grain” in the photograph means the first particle described so far, and the portion labeled "micro grain” means the second particle described so far.
- the first particles and the second particles forming the film according to the present invention are not circular or spherical on the glass substrate, but in a long horizontal layer or in a horizontal structure or in a transverse direction.
- Lay down couch structure Due to this layered or needle-like structure laid down in the horizontal or transverse direction, the porosity of the coating according to the present invention is significantly reduced compared to the prior art, and also the surface microphone crack phenomenon is reduced, thereby providing a stable microstructure.
- the plasma resistance of the product to which the present invention is applied is improved, and the corrosion rate is lowered, thereby lowering the particle scattering rate in the semiconductor process chamber.
- the second particle size of the second particle is described as approximately 3 ⁇ m due to the limitation of the analytical equipment, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that substantially the second particle size of the second particle may exist within 10 ⁇ m.
- the first particles having the first particle size range and the first mode and the second particles having the second particle size range and the second frequency greater than the first mode are larger than the first particle size.
- first particle having the first particle size range and the first mode and the second particle having the second particle size range and the second mode are properly mixed to form a film, whereby a stable film structure having a porosity of less than 1.0% (density High film structure), and no surface microcracks occur.
- the present invention by adjusting the particle size range and pressure difference of the powder, it is possible to easily adjust the stress of the film formed on the surface of the substrate to a desired value.
- FIG. 9A shows a surface electron micrograph of a film formed of Y 2 O 3 according to the prior art
- FIG. 9B shows an electron micrograph of a film having a particle diameter of the composite film formed of Y 2 O 3 according to the present invention. It is.
- Figure 9a is a surface electron micrograph of the film formed on the surface of the substrate by the Atmosphere Plasma Spray (APS) method.
- the APS method generates a plasma by forming an inert gas environment in the high energy of the direct current discharge generated by applying a high voltage in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the plasma has ultra high temperature thermal energy of approximately 10,000 ° C to 20,000 ° C.
- a powder having a particle size range of about 30 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m is exposed to such ultra-high temperature plasma to melt and spray the substrate to form a film having a particle size range of about 5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the film prepared by the APS method has a high porosity (for example, 2 to 5%) as shown in FIG. 9A because the powder exposed to the ultra-high temperature is very rapidly phased and the melting time is uneven. Therefore, a large number of microcracks are generated due to the high thermal shock of the coating.
- the film according to the APS method has a high specific surface area and a large number of microcracks, so that the semiconductor / display manufacturing process is applied. Particles in the coating are etched away to contaminate the process components and ultimately damage the semiconductor / display manufacturing products.
- the film according to the present invention is dense, but the specific surface area is small.
- the coating according to the present invention has a porosity of approximately 0.01% to 1.0%, which is much smaller than that of the conventional porosity. Therefore, it can be seen that the film according to the present invention has an extremely high plasma resistance.
- Table 1 below is a table comparing various physical properties of the film formed by the conventional APS method and the film having a particle diameter of the composite film formed by the method according to the present invention.
- the hardness of the film was 1-2 GPa in the prior art, it is 9-13 Gpa in this invention.
- the bond strength of the film was 5 to 6 MPa, but in the present invention, it is 70 to 90 MPa.
- the porosity of the film was 2-4% in the prior art, it is 0.01-1.0% in this invention.
- the breakdown voltage of the film was 10-20 V / ⁇ m, but in the present invention, it is 80-120 V / ⁇ m.
- the present invention is superior in the hardness, bonding strength, porosity and withstand voltage of the film having the particle diameter of the composite film as compared with the prior art, thereby improving the film resistance in the plasma environment.
- the hardness is measured by the marks formed by pressing the film with a diamond pyramid
- the bond strength is measured by pulling the film formed on the substrate with a load cell
- the breakdown voltage is measured by installing two electrodes on the film.
- the porosity is measured by cutting the film and photographing with an electron microscope to obtain an image, and analyzing the image with a computer equipped with image processing software. Since these various measuring methods are well known to those skilled in the art, detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- the substrate on which the film is formed according to the present invention may naturally be a component exposed to the plasma environment. That is, the component may be an internal component of a process chamber for semiconductor or display manufacturing. More specifically, the components may include electro static chucks, heaters, chamber liners, shower heads, boats for chemical vapor deposition, and focus rings. Wall liner, shield, cold pad, source head, outer liner, deposition shield, upper liner, The discharge plate may be any one of an exhaust plate, an edge ring, a mask frame, and an equivalent thereof. However, the present invention is not intended to limit the substrate or component on which such a film is formed.
- FIG. 10A is an electron micrograph photographing a cross section of a bioceramic film having a particle diameter of a composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10B is an electron micrograph photographing a bioceramic surface formed on an implant fixture.
- 10c is an electron micrograph of various bioceramic surfaces.
- nano grain refers to a first bio ceramic particle
- micro grain refers to a second bio ceramic particle
- the first bio-ceramic particles and the second bio-ceramic particles constituting the bio-ceramic film according to the present invention is not a circular or spherical shape, but a long layered structure in a substantially horizontal direction or in a left and right direction. Or a needle-like structure lying in the lateral direction. Due to this layered or needle-like structure laid horizontally or transversely, the porosity of the bioceramic coating according to the present invention is significantly reduced compared with the conventional, and also the surface microphone crack phenomenon is reduced, thereby providing a stable microstructure. .
- the bioceramic coating according to the present invention may be formed on the surface of a fixture for a dental implant, and such bioceramic coating has a constant surface roughness.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the bioceramic coating may be adjusted to approximately 1 ⁇ m or 2 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m. In this way, the bioceramic coating according to the present invention can increase the surface activation, thereby increasing the degree of bioactivity.
- the above-described surface roughness or arithmetic mean roughness Ra can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between the nozzle for injecting the bio-ceramic powder and the substrate coated with the coating, the rotation speed of the rotating mechanism for rotating the substrate, and the like.
- a rotation mechanism for rotating the dental implant fixture is installed in the process chamber.
- Table 2 below describes the nano-indentation hardness and elastic modulus of the bio-ceramic film having the composite film particle diameter and the bio-ceramic film according to the prior art according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the nanoindentation hardness of the bioceramic coating according to the present invention is approximately 5 GPa
- the nanoindentation hardness of the bioceramic coating according to the prior art for example, pulsed laser deposition
- the mechanical strength of the bioceramic coating according to the present invention is superior to the prior art.
- the elastic modulus of the bioceramic film according to the present invention is approximately 82 GPa
- the elastic modulus of the bioceramic film according to the prior art for example, pulsed laser deposition method
- the impact resistance of the bioceramic coating according to the present invention is superior to the prior art. That is, the bioceramic coating according to the present invention is not easily broken by external impact.
- the coating according to the present invention has a hardness of about 480 HV
- the coating by the plasma spray method is about 450 to 500 HV
- the elastic modulus of the bioceramic bulk is 80 GPa
- the elastic modulus of the film by the plasma spray method is approximately 40 GPa. Accordingly, it can be seen that the bioceramic coating according to the present invention has a higher modulus of elasticity than the bulk in the sintered state.
- 11A and 11B are graphs illustrating X-ray crystal analysis results of a bioceramic film having a composite film particle diameter and a bioceramic film according to the prior art, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the X axis is an angle and the Y axis is an intensity (count or CPS).
- the coating according to the present invention has almost the same peak value as in the coating before the bio-ceramic powder and / or heat treatment even when heat-treated at approximately 700 ° C.
- the heat treatment process must be performed in order to increase the content of hydroxyapatite in the related art.
- the manufacturing process time is longer but also the manufacturing cost is increased. That is, as shown in Figure 11b, after the heat treatment, the amount of calcium oxide is reduced, the content of hydroxyapatite can be seen to increase again.
- FIGS. 12A and 12B are photographs illustrating an implant fixture in which a bio-ceramic coating film having a composite film particle diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed.
- a bio-ceramic coating having a composite particle size when a bio-ceramic coating having a composite particle size is formed on an implant fixture, the color generally appears black. However, such black is a color avoided by the patient and the doctor, and accordingly, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 12B, a white bio-ceramic coating is formed on the implant fixture.
- a white bio-ceramic film as shown in FIG. 11B was formed by using a powder obtained by uniformly mixing titanium oxide with hydroxyapatite and the above-described apparatus and method. This can increase the psychological stability of patients and doctors.
- FIGS. 13B to 13E are electron microscope photographs of component analysis results of a bioceramic film. It is a photograph.
- an implant fixture was used as a substrate, and a bio-ceramic film (a mixture of hydroxyapatite and titanium oxide) of a certain thickness was formed on the surface thereof.
- a bio-ceramic film a mixture of hydroxyapatite and titanium oxide
- the components of phosphorus (P) in the coating are uniformly distributed, and as shown in Fig. 13C, the components of calcium (Ca) in the coating are uniformly distributed, as shown in Fig. 13D.
- the components of titanium (Ti) are also uniformly distributed, and the components of oxygen (O) are uniformly distributed as shown in FIG. 13E.
- a bio-ceramic film in which hydroxyapatite and titanium oxide is uniformly distributed can be obtained.
- bio-ceramic coating according to the present invention has taken an implant fixture as a substrate, most human body insertion instruments are possible as the substrate. In one example, not only implant fixtures, but also artificial joints or their equivalents.
- Table 3 below describes the bonding strength (surface bonding force or tensile strength) of the bioceramic film according to the present invention and the prior art. As shown in Table 3, it can be seen that the bonding strength of the coating according to the present invention is improved compared to the prior art. Therefore, the bio-ceramic coating according to the present invention is less detached from human inserts such as implant fixtures and artificial joints compared to the prior art.
- a bio ceramic film is first deposited on a titanium substrate as an example, and then an epoxy adhesive is coated on the upper film layer to bond the jig for measuring the bonding strength. Then, using a UTM (Universal Testing Machine, RB RB-302ML) as an analysis equipment was measured with a maximum load of 450Kgf / cm 2 , 1mm / min.
- UTM Universal Testing Machine, RB RB-302ML
- the prior art means a bio-ceramic film formed by a plasma spray coating method.
- a room temperature deposition process not a high temperature deposition process, is possible, so that a phenomenon in which calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) are separated from a bio ceramic, for example, hydroxyapatite, does not occur, and is also essential in the past.
- This heat treatment step can also be omitted. That is, in the present invention, the purity and crystallinity of the bio-ceramic maintains the original properties of the material.
- surface roughness or arithmetic mean roughness Ra can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between the nozzle which sprays a bioceramic powder, and the base material to which a film is coated, the rotational speed of the rotating mechanism which rotates a base material, and the like. Therefore, in the present invention, due to the coating having an increased surface roughness and surface area, it is possible to increase the bioactivity.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a photograph in which an insulating film having a composite film particle diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed on a copper substrate.
- the copper base material as described above, the substrate or heat sink for the LED (Light Emitting Diode), the substrate or heat sink for the ECU (Electronic Control Unit) of the vehicle, the substrate or heat sink for the ignition module of the vehicle, the power semiconductor module May be a substrate or a heat sink, a power converter substrate or a heat sink, or a heat dissipation substrate for a fuel cell, but is not limited thereto.
- the insulating film formed on the copper base material may be, for example, alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), and the maximum thickness of the insulating film is 45 ⁇ m.
- the insulating coating was formed translucently on the copper substrate, and it was also confirmed that the insulating coating did not peel off from the copper substrate.
- the insulating film according to the present invention has a hardness of about 714 HV
- the coating film by the plasma spray method has a hardness of about 450 to 500 HV
- the elastic modulus of the insulating film according to the present invention is approximately 152 GPa
- the elastic modulus of the insulating film according to the prior art is approximately 50 GPa. Therefore, it can be seen that the impact resistance of the insulating film according to the present invention is superior to the prior art. That is, the insulating film according to the present invention is not easily broken by external impact.
- Table 4 describes the bonding strength (surface bonding force or tensile strength) of the insulating film according to the present invention and the prior art. As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the bonding strength of the insulating film according to the present invention is improved compared to the prior art. Therefore, the insulating coating according to the present invention is less separated from the substrate than in the prior art.
- an insulating film is first deposited on a copper substrate as an example, and then an epoxy adhesive is applied to the upper layer of the insulating film to bond the jig for measuring the bonding strength. Then, using a UTM (Universal Testing Machine, RB RB-302ML) as an analysis equipment was measured with a maximum load of 450Kgf / cm 2 , 1mm / min.
- UTM Universal Testing Machine, RB RB-302ML
- the prior art means an insulating film formed by a plasma spray coating method.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the breakdown voltage of insulating films laminated according to the particle diameter of insulating powder.
- the X axis means particle diameter [mu m] of the insulating powder
- the Y axis means withstand voltage [V / mu m].
- Table 5 summarizes the insulation powder particle diameter, insulation film thickness, and breakdown voltage.
- the thickness of the insulating coating was formed to 3.6 ⁇ m, the breakdown voltage was measured at 170 V / ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the insulating coating was formed at 9.8 ⁇ m, and the breakdown voltage was measured at 183 V / ⁇ m.
- the particle diameter of the insulating powder was 4 ⁇ m, the thickness of the insulating coating was formed at 22.5 ⁇ m, and the breakdown voltage was measured at 195 V / ⁇ m.
- the particle diameters of the insulating powder were 48.8 ⁇ m and 62.5 ⁇ m, no insulation coating was formed, and thus the withstand voltage could not be measured.
- the formation time of each insulating film is the same.
- the present invention when the particle size of the insulating powder was 4.0 ⁇ m, the insulating film having the thickest thickness (22.5 ⁇ m) was obtained for the same time, and at this time, the highest withstand voltage (195 V / ⁇ m) was obtained. . Meanwhile, the insulating film formed at this time was the same as the photo shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B. As shown in the photo of FIGS. 7A and 7B, the present invention is capable of thick film deposition due to the multi-structure having the composite film particle diameter. It has high withstand voltage characteristics.
- the particle sizes of the insulating powder are 0.5 ⁇ m, 1.0 ⁇ m, 4.0 ⁇ m, 48.8 ⁇ m and 62.5 ⁇ m, respectively, and the insulating film thicknesses formed by laminating / forming the respective insulating powders by spraying the substrate for the same time are 0.36 ⁇ m and 9.8 It was measured in ⁇ m, 22.5 ⁇ m, 0 ⁇ m and 0 ⁇ m. That is, when the particle diameter of the insulating powder was about 4.0 mu m, the thickest insulating film thickness of 22.5 mu m was obtained.
- the thicknesses of the laminated / formed insulating films were 0.36 ⁇ m and 9.8 ⁇ m, which were relatively small, and when the particle sizes of the insulating powder were 48.8 ⁇ m and 62.5 ⁇ m, the insulating film was not formed. Did.
- 16A and 16B are cross-sectional views illustrating a substrate and a heat sink on which an insulating film and a pattern are formed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the substrate may be a substrate 301 or heatsink 401 made of a metal, such as copper and / or aluminum, or ceramic, and has a thickness in accordance with the present invention on the surface of the substrate.
- Insulating film 300 may be formed. That is, the insulating film 300 may be formed on the surface of the substrate 301 or directly on the surface of the heat sink 401.
- a plurality of conductive patterns 302 may be formed on the insulating film 300.
- the insulating film according to the present invention is formed to a thickness of approximately 1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and the porosity is formed to be approximately 0.01% to 1.0% as described above, wherein the withstand voltage was measured to be approximately 195 V / ⁇ m.
- substrate or a heat sink will improve compared with the past.
- the thickness of the insulating film is greater than approximately 50 ⁇ m and the porosity is greater than 1.0%, the heat dissipation performance of the substrate or the heat sink is significantly reduced, thereby causing the above-described LED (Light Emitting Diode) and ECU of the vehicle (Electronic The heat dissipation performance of the control unit), the ignition module of the vehicle, the power semiconductor module, or the fuel cell is also degraded, but this problem does not occur in the present invention.
- the withstand voltage of the insulating film increases to 195 V / ⁇ m, so that the current that can flow through the conductive pattern on the insulating film is relatively increased.
- the withstand voltage of the insulating film is lower than 195 V / ⁇ m, the current performance of the above-described LED (Light Emitting Diode), vehicle ECU (Electronic Control Unit), vehicle ignition module, power semiconductor module, or fuel cell (The ability to flow high currents) is also lowered, but this problem does not occur in the present invention.
- an insulating film thicker than 50 ⁇ m is directly attached to the substrate using an adhesive, or a multilayer insulating film is formed on the substrate using a different material.
- the withstand voltage of the insulating film is improved, there is a problem that the heat dissipation performance is remarkably reduced by increasing the thickness of the entire insulating film.
- the first insulating particles having the first particle size range and the first mode and the second insulating particles having the second particle size range larger than the first particle size and the second mode larger than the first mode are mixed and By coexisting and forming an insulating film, despite the relatively thin thickness, the withstand voltage characteristic is improved, and the amount of current that can flow through the conductive pattern is large, and the heat dissipation performance is improved.
- Industrial applications of the present invention are in the fields of plasma coating, bio ceramic coating, and insulation coating.
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Abstract
Description
종래 기술(APS) | 본 발명 | |
경도 | 1~2 GPa | 9~13 GPa |
접합 강도 | 5~6 MPa | 70~90 MPa |
기공률 | 2~4 % | 0.01~1.0 % |
내전압 | 10~20 V/㎛ | 80~120 V/㎛ |
나노 인덴테이션 경도(GPa) | 탄성 계수(GPa) | |
본 발명 | 5 | 82 |
종래 기술 | 1.5 | 50 |
본 발명 | 종래 기술 | |
접합 강도 | 30 MPa | 15 MPa |
본 발명 | 종래 기술 | |
접합 강도 | 26 MPa | 15 MPa |
분말 입경[㎛] | 피막 두께 [㎛] | 내전압[V/㎛] |
0.5 | 3.6 | 170 |
1.0 | 9.8 | 183 |
4.0 | 22.5 | 195 |
48.9 | 0 | 0 |
62.5 | 0 | 0 |
Claims (20)
- 분말 공급부로부터 분말 제1입경 범위를 갖는 다수의 분말을 공급받고, 이송 가스를 이용하여 상기 분말을 이송하는 단계; 및상기 이송된 분말을 공정 챔버 내의 기재에 100 내지 500 m/s의 속도로 충돌 및 파쇄시켜, 피막 제1입경 범위를 갖는 다수의 제1입자와, 상기 피막 제1입경 범위보다 큰 피막 제2입경 범위를 갖는 다수의 제2입자가 혼합된 피막을 형성하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 제1입자의 피막 제1입경 범위는 200 nm 내지 900 nm이며, 상기 제2입자의 피막 제2입경 범위는 900 nm 내지 10 ㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막의 형성 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 분말의 분말 제1입경 범위는 0.1 ㎛ 내지 50 ㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막의 형성 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 제1입자의 최대 개수는 상기 피막 제1입경 범위 중 250 nm 내지 350 nm의 사이에서 존재하고,상기 제2입자의 최대 개수는 상기 피막 제2입경 범위 중 1.0 ㎛ 내지 1.2 ㎛의 사이에서 존재함을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막의 형성 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 제1입자의 개수가 상기 제2입자의 개수보다 많은 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막의 형성 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 피막의 기공률은 0.01 % 내지 1.0 %인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막의 형성 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 제1입자와 상기 제2입자의 단면적 비율은 9:1 내지 5:5인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막의 형성 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 피막을 형성하는 단계에서 상기 이송 가스 또는 상기 기재가 0 ℃ 내지 1000 ℃의 온도로 유지됨을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막의 형성 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 분말은 취성 재료 또는 연성 재료인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막의 형성 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 분말은 이트륨 계열 산화물, Y2O3-Al2O3 계열 화합물, AlN, Si3N4, TiN, B4C, ZrO2, Al2O3, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, 바이오 글래스, 글래스 매트릭스 내부에 열처리에 의해 결정을 석출시킨 결정화 글래스 및 이산화 티타늄으로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택된 1종 또는 2종의 혼합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막의 형성 방법.
- 분말 입경 범위가 0.1 ㎛ 내지 50 ㎛인 분말을 이용하여 형성한 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막에 있어서,제1입경 범위를 갖는 다수의 제1입자; 및상기 제1입경 범위보다 큰 제2입경 범위를 갖는 다수의 제2입자를 포함하고,상기 제1입자 및 제2입자가 혼합된 채로 기재에 코팅되어 피막을 형성하며,상기 제1입자의 제1입경 범위는 200 nm 내지 900 nm이고,상기 제2입자의 제2입경 범위는 900 nm 내지 10 ㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막.
- 제 10 항에 있어서,상기 제1입자의 최대 개수는 상기 피막 제1입경 범위 중 250 nm 내지 350 nm의 사이에서 존재하고,상기 제2입자의 최대 개수는 상기 피막 제2입경 범위 중 1.0 ㎛ 내지 1.2 ㎛의 사이에서 존재함을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막.
- 제 10 항에 있어서,상기 제1입자의 개수가 상기 제2입자의 개수보다 많은 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막.
- 제 10 항에 있어서,상기 피막의 기공률은 0.01 % 내지 1.0 %인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막.
- 제 10 항에 있어서,상기 제1입자와 상기 제2입자의 단면적 비율은 9:1 내지 5:5인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막.
- 제 10 항에 있어서,상기 제1,2입자는 취성 재료 또는 연성 재료인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막.
- 제 10 항에 있어서,상기 제1,2입자는 이트륨 계열 산화물, Y2O3-Al2O3 계열 화합물, AlN, Si3N4, TiN, B4C, ZrO2, Al2O3, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, 바이오 글래스, 글래스 매트릭스 내부에 열처리에 의해 결정을 석출시킨 결정화 글래스 및 이산화 티타늄으로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택된 1종 또는 2종의 혼합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막.
- 제 10 항에 있어서,상기 기재는 플라즈마 환경에 노출되는 부품, 인체 삽입 기구물, LED(Light Emitting Diode)용 기판 또는 히트싱크, 차량의 ECU(Electronic Control Unit)용 기판 또는 히트싱크, 차량의 점화 모듈용 기판 또는 히트싱크, 전력 반도체 모듈의 기판 또는 히트싱크, 전력 컨버터의 기판 또는 히트싱크, 또는 연료 전지용 방열 기판인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막.
- 제 17 항에 있어서,상기 부품은 반도체 또는 디스플레이 제조용 공정 챔버의 내부 부품인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막.
- 제 18 항에 있어서,상기 부품은 정전 척(electro static chuck), 히터(heater), 챔버 라이너(chamber liner), 샤워 헤드(shower head), CVD(Chemical Vapor Deposition)용 보트(boat), 포커스링(focus ring), 월 라이너(wall liner), 쉴드(shield), 콜드 패드(cold pad), 소스 헤드(source head), 아우터 라이너(outer liner), 디포지션 쉴드(deposition shiled), 어퍼 라이너(upper liner), 배출 플레이트(exhaust plate), 엣지링(edge ring) 및 마스크 프레임(mask frame) 중에서 어느 하나인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막.
- 제 17 항에 있어서,상기 인체 삽입 기구물은 임플란트용 픽스쳐 또는 인공 관절인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 피막 입자 입경을 갖는 피막.
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CN106029949A (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
CN106029948A (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
JP2016515164A (ja) | 2016-05-26 |
JP6058821B2 (ja) | 2017-01-11 |
US20160333471A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
CN106029948B (zh) | 2020-02-21 |
US10590542B2 (en) | 2020-03-17 |
CN106029949B (zh) | 2020-02-21 |
US20160362795A1 (en) | 2016-12-15 |
WO2015108277A1 (ko) | 2015-07-23 |
US10982331B2 (en) | 2021-04-20 |
JP6058822B2 (ja) | 2017-01-11 |
JP2016511796A (ja) | 2016-04-21 |
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