WO2014141915A1 - 焼成用チョコレート様食品およびその製造法 - Google Patents
焼成用チョコレート様食品およびその製造法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014141915A1 WO2014141915A1 PCT/JP2014/055262 JP2014055262W WO2014141915A1 WO 2014141915 A1 WO2014141915 A1 WO 2014141915A1 JP 2014055262 W JP2014055262 W JP 2014055262W WO 2014141915 A1 WO2014141915 A1 WO 2014141915A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G1/36—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fats used
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G1/46—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing dairy products
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a chocolate-like food for baking and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a chocolate-like food for baking and a method for producing the same, in which a low-moisture, high-storability, easy-to-use method and a new textured baking chocolate-like food are obtained.
- a typical example of a baked chocolate-like food is chocolate that has been heated such as baked.
- the baked chocolate-like food is an oil-based food having a texture different from that of general chocolate and having strong heat resistance.
- the surface of the chocolate dough is baked by absorbing moisture (Patent Document 1), or after sprinkling water on a part of the chocolate dough and baking (Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 3 There is a method of baking chocolate dough containing water together with raw materials (Patent Document 3), and a baked confectionery (Patent Document 4) characterized in that bubbles are contained in chocolate dough, then molded, baked and solidified. It is disclosed.
- a baked chocolate-like food has a texture different from that of chocolate that is not used for baking, and is generally accepted as a product. And since it is resistant to rising product temperatures at the time of distribution and sales, it is expected that demand will increase further in the future, and with the expansion of the market, a baked chocolate-like food with a new texture different from the conventional one Is desired.
- processed whey protein processed products can prevent bumping during baking to maintain the texture (Patent Document 5), and also contain a high solid content derived from cocoa solid raw materials.
- Patent Document 6 which improves baking tolerance is disclosed, there is no description regarding creation of the novel food texture of baking chocolate-like food. In addition, there is no description regarding the functional improvement of a white chocolate-like food containing no cacao mass.
- chocolate that is not used for baking has been widely known for a long time, and emulsifiers have been added in anticipation of various functions. Since fat and oil in chocolate is a continuous phase, it is easy to add a lipophilic emulsifier, and adding water makes it a water-in-oil emulsified state, adjusts viscosity, and suppresses the occurrence of bloom. Although it exhibits various functions, hydrophilic emulsifiers are difficult to disperse in chocolate.
- Patent Document 7 a method of dispersing a hydrophilic emulsifier in a small amount of a hydrophilic raw material and then mixing it with an oil-containing raw material (Patent Document 7) is disclosed. However, it is intended for the function of the chocolate being easily hydrated in the presence of moisture. Regarding the use of a hydrophilic emulsifier in a system in which almost no water is present, a method (Patent Document 8) for obtaining an oily food having a relatively low viscosity with respect to the oil content is disclosed. However, it is not intended for baking, nor is it related to improving the texture of chocolate-like foods.
- Patent Document 10 a method of improving coloring by baking by high blending of lactose is disclosed.
- Patent Document 11 a method for improving the drying time of the covering chocolate (Patent Document 11), prevention of the occurrence of sweating of the food using the covering chocolate, and A method for obtaining good gloss (Patent Document 12) is disclosed.
- Patent Document 12 a method for improving the drying time of the covering chocolate
- Patent Document 12 A method for obtaining good gloss
- both are chocolates for covering, and are related to functional improvements other than texture.
- the conventional baked chocolate-like food is poor in versatility in terms of composition, and so-called black chocolate containing cacao mass is generally used. For this reason, there is almost no so-called white (white or color) baked chocolate-like food that does not contain cacao mass.
- white (white or color) baked chocolate-like food that does not contain cacao mass.
- the texture becomes hard like caramel.
- the creation of new white-based baked chocolate-like foods is desired.
- an object of the present invention is a method that is simpler than the conventional method for producing a baked chocolate-like food, and does not contain water as much as possible, and can be used for a white chocolate-like food that can be used for the production of a baked chocolate-like food. It is an object of the present invention to provide a baked chocolate-like food having a new method and texture.
- the present inventor has made various studies to solve the above problems.
- a baked chocolate-like food containing moisture it is considered that sugar that has spread throughout the chocolate through a small amount of moisture during baking forms a skeleton to obtain heat resistance.
- strong heat resistance is imparted due to the influence of moisture and sugar to be contained, but the texture becomes stiff.
- oils and fats used in baking chocolate-like foods are studied by examining chocolate-like foods with a moisture content of less than 3% before baking, which is about the same amount of water as ordinary chocolate-like foods.
- the present invention (1) A chocolate-like food containing 0.2 to 0.8% by weight of an emulsifier having an HLB of 9 or more, 7% by weight or more of non-fat milk solids, and 1% by weight or more of dietary fiber.
- a chocolate-like food for baking according to (1) which does not contain cacao mass
- a chocolate-like food for baking according to (1) or (2) wherein a sucrose fatty acid ester is used as an emulsifier having an HLB of 9 or more
- Tri-saturated glycerides containing behenic acid residues are contained in the total fat and oil constituting the chocolate-like food for baking, and the content of behenic acid residues is 0.1 to 5% by weight
- any chocolate-like food for baking (5) The method for producing a chocolate-like food for baking according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein an emulsifier having an HLB of 9 or more is added in a step before refining, (6) A baked chocolate-like food according to any one of (1) to (4), or baked in combination with another edible food, (7) A method for improving the texture of a baked chocolate-like food, wherein the baked chocolate-like
- this chocolate-like food for baking can be simultaneously or separately baked with other edible foods.
- 6 is a drawing-substituting photograph in which a cross-sectional structure of a chocolate-like food after firing in Example 3 is photographed.
- 6 is a drawing-substituting photograph in which a cross-sectional structure of a chocolate-like food after firing in Comparative Example 1 is photographed.
- the chocolate-like food is an oil-and-fat processed food in which fats and oils form a continuous phase, and includes chocolate dough and quasi-chocolate dough defined by the National Chocolate Fair Trade Council, but is not limited thereto.
- it also includes processed oils and fats using cocoa mass, cocoa, cocoa butter, cocoa butter substitute fat, hard butter and the like.
- the raw materials used may be those that can be used for ordinary chocolate, and may contain cocoa mass and / or cocoa, sugars such as sugar, and fats and oils in addition to milk components.
- a preferred blend is a white and color blend that does not contain cacao mass.
- a chocolate-like food product obtained by rolling and conching these can be used.
- Oils and fats that can be used include cocoa butter, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, safflower oil, olive oil, palm oil, rapeseed oil, rice bran oil, sesame oil, kapok oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, Babasu Examples include various animal and vegetable oils and fats such as oil, milk fat, lard, fish oil and whale oil, and hardened oils, fractionated oils, transesterified oils, and mixed oils and fats thereof.
- the chocolate-like food for baking of the present invention typically contains about 25% to 45% by weight of fats and oils, about 10% to 30% by weight of milk components, and the rest is made from cocoa-derived materials and sugars. it can. Therefore, it does not necessarily correspond to categories such as chocolate standard, semi-chocolate standard, and chocolate-based foods that are generally standardized as described above.
- the fats and oils used in the chocolate-like food for baking of the present invention have physical properties that satisfy the following SFC conditions.
- SFC at 20 ° C. of the oil is preferably 5 to 40%, preferably 10 to 35%, more preferably 15 to 30%, still more preferably 15 to 25%, and the SFC at 10 ° C. is 15%. It is preferably ⁇ 60%, preferably 15 to 55%, more preferably 20 to 50%, still more preferably 20 to 45%. If the SFC is too higher than the above conditions, the work before baking is difficult to perform, and if it is too low, the chocolate-like food is too soft and difficult to perform, and the heat resistance after baking may be weakened.
- the “chocolate-like food for baking” in the present specification is a chocolate-like food before baking, and the chocolate-like food itself is molded and baked alone or in combination with another edible food. It is a possible chocolate-like food and is a chocolate-like food particularly suitable for the application. Examples of other edible foods include baked goods such as cookies, muffins, butter cakes, sponge cakes, biscuits, and wafers, and breads. As for the aspect of chocolate-like food for baking when combined with other foods, it is squeezed into chips and dispersed in dough of bread or cake, applied to the surface, injected inside, wrapped, And the like that are fired after a process such as mounting on the substrate. The firing method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include direct baking in an oven or high frequency heating. In the present specification, “baked chocolate-like food” refers to a chocolate-like food after baking.
- the physical properties of the chocolate-like food for baking are not particularly limited, but those having soft physical properties in the vicinity of 20 ° C. to 30 ° C. are preferred because they can be used for wrapping and squeezed.
- the chocolate-like food for baking does not require the troublesome work required for general chocolates such as tempering, and is used as it is after being melted or maintained at a temperature of about 25 ° C. to maintain soft physical properties.
- the molding work before firing can be performed as it is.
- an emulsifier having an HLB of 9 or more, preferably 11 or more can be used.
- Preferred examples of the emulsifier include polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, organic acid monoglycerin fatty acid ester, polysorbate, and polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester. Two or more of these may be used in combination. Even when emulsifiers having different HLB values are combined, or when a polyglycerin fatty acid ester and a sucrose fatty acid ester are combined, they can be used if the HLB value obtained from the weight ratio is 9 or more. Most preferably, sucrose fatty acid esters are used.
- fatty acids constituting the fatty acid ester include saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid and oleic acid.
- 80% or more of the bonded fatty acids are preferably saturated acids, and most preferably the saturated acid is stearic acid.
- an emulsifier having an HLB of 9 or more is used, the moisture content is not particularly increased, and even if it is less than 3% by weight, which is usually the moisture content circulated as chocolate, it does not burn out during baking.
- Stable quality baked chocolate-like foods with little stickiness after baking can be obtained, and the texture of baked chocolate-like foods has been changed from the conventional hard and crunchy to moderately crunchy, yet in the mouth Demonstrates a quick and quick disintegration feeling and can effectively obtain a new texture.
- the HLB of the emulsifier used is less than 9, a stable quality during baking, particularly a new texture after baking may not be obtained.
- the amount of the emulsifier having an HLB of 9 or more is 0.2 to 0.8% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 0.6% by weight, more preferably 0.4 to 0.6% by weight. If the amount added is too large or too small, a good texture cannot be obtained in the baked chocolate-like food.
- the emulsifier having an HLB of 9 or more is preferably dispersed in the dough of the chocolate-like food for baking in a state where the particle size is pulverized to 25 ⁇ m or less.
- the moisture content of the chocolate-like food for baking less than 3% by weight indicates the moisture content of the chocolate-like food before baking. Desirably, it is 0.5 to 2.5% by weight, and more desirably 1.0 to 2.0% by weight. If the moisture content is 3% by weight or more, it will be difficult to remove moisture sufficiently by baking, and the baked chocolate-like food will not last for a long time, and the texture will also be sticky. The target texture cannot be obtained. In addition, even if sufficient moisture is removed, the intended texture is difficult to obtain, and a baking process longer than necessary is required, which may cause deterioration in the flavor of burned chocolate-like foods and a burning odor.
- the non-fat milk solid content referred to in the present invention means components other than water and milk fat contained in milk.
- various products derived from milk can be used as raw materials containing non-fat milk solids, and those in powder form are particularly preferred.
- Specific examples include whole milk powder, skim milk powder, high fat whole milk powder, whey powder, buttermilk powder, and casein.
- whole milk powder, skim milk powder, whey powder, more preferably whole milk powder, skim milk powder, most preferably whole milk powder can be used.
- lactose added separately as sugar is derived from milk, those skilled in the art regard such lactose as sugar rather than non-fat milk solids. Not considered a minute.
- the blended amount of non-fat milk solids in the chocolate-like food for baking is preferably 7% by weight or more, preferably 9% by weight or more.
- the upper limit of the amount of the non-fat milk solid content is preferably 30% by weight, more preferably 25% by weight, still more preferably 22% by weight, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, the texture of the baked chocolate-like food becomes stiff.
- an oil or fat containing a trisaturated glyceride containing one or more behenic acid residues as a part of the oil or fat component is blended. Further, it is preferable that 2 to 30% by weight of behenic acid residues are contained in the total fatty acid composition constituting the oil.
- the other saturated fatty acid residue of the tri-saturated glyceride containing one or more behenic acid residues is preferably palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid or behenic acid.
- a large amount of trisaturated glyceride containing one or more behenic acid residues is contained in, for example, an extremely hardened oil of Hyelin rapeseed oil.
- Tri-saturated glycerides containing one or more behenic acid residues in one molecule improve the shape retention of chocolate-like foods for baking even in a small amount, so even if it is in a state before baking, the SFC (solid fat content, described later) is low Even if it is a chocolate-like food that is originally low in shape retention and difficult to work with, it is possible to maintain the shape retention to such an extent that it does not deteriorate mouth melting.
- the behenic acid residue is less than 0.1, it is difficult to adjust the fat composition to an SFC that facilitates the pre-firing operation, and when the used fat has a low SFC, a sugar skeleton is formed by firing. Oils and fats may ooze out before, lose shape, and may have low heat resistance after firing. Moreover, if shape retention is imparted by increasing SFC regardless of trisaturated glycerides, it becomes difficult to obtain a soft texture. If it exceeds 3.0% by weight, the heat resistance after baking can be obtained, but the melting in the mouth tends to be difficult, and the chocolate-like food for baking itself becomes hard, so that the work before baking becomes difficult.
- the fiber in the present specification is an indigestible component that is difficult to be digested by human digestive enzymes contained in food, so-called dietary fiber.
- the fiber is not particularly limited as long as it is used in foods, but examples thereof include one or more selected from the group consisting of cacao fiber, pulp fiber, acetic acid bacteria-producing fiber, and inulin fiber.
- the fiber is insoluble dietary fiber.
- the upper limit of the amount of fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 15% by weight or less, more preferably 10% by weight or less. If it exceeds 15% by weight, physical properties such as flavor and viscosity may be adversely affected, and the product design is likely to be restricted.
- Calcination can be performed using, for example, an oven or a microwave oven.
- the degree of baking is not particularly limited, but stronger heat resistance can be obtained by heating to a state where the entire chocolate-like food for baking is heated and solidified.
- the temperature is usually from 110 to 250 ° C. and in the range from several seconds to several tens of minutes, and more preferably from 130 to 180 ° C. If the baking temperature is too high, the surface may be burnt, and if it is too low, it may take a long baking time to give the baking chocolate-like food heat resistance.
- the baked chocolate-like food after baking using the chocolate-like food for baking of the present invention is characterized in that it is swelled and stratified by baking, and is crispy and slightly melted in the mouth, which is different from general chocolate-like food Naive chocolate-like food.
- a swollen and layered baked chocolate-like food can be obtained, but there is no need to add starches in particular, and in the manufacturing process, there is no need to carry out a special aeration process prior to baking, substantially only the heating process.
- the shape characteristics and texture can be obtained.
- SFC was adjusted using low-transformation fats and oils (parts a and b) mainly composed of palm oil as fats and oils having different hardness used for the adjustment of vegetable fats A to D.
- Such transesterified oils and fats were fractionated into two stages of acetone to obtain a middle melting point portion of iodine value 32 and a low melting point portion of iodine value 63.
- the obtained fats and oils were refined according to a conventional method, and the intermediate melting point part was designated as part a and the low melting point part as part b, and used for the following examination.
- Vegetable oil A was prepared by blending 1.5% by weight of oil obtained by extremely curing Hyelin rapeseed oil into part a 23.5% by weight and part b 75.0% by weight.
- the fats and oils extremely hardened from Hyelsin rapeseed oil were measured by gas chromatography to determine the fatty acid composition of the fats and oils: 45% by weight behenic acid, 10% by weight arachidic acid, 40% by weight stearic acid, and 5% by weight palmitic acid, all saturated. It was a fatty acid.
- the SFC value is IUPAC. 2. Measurement was performed according to 150 SOLID CONTENT DETERMINATION IN FATS BY NMR.
- SFC not only vegetable oils and fats, but also total fats and oils of chocolate-like foods for baking, which include cocoa butter contained in cocoa-derived materials such as cocoa mass and cocoa and milk fat in whole milk powder SFC. More specifically, for example, in Example 1, the total fat and oil content in the chocolate-like food for baking is 29.3 parts of vegetable oil and fat A, 7.3 parts of cacao butter, and the milk fat content in 20 parts of full fat powdered milk. (Approximately 5 parts)
- Vegetable oil B was prepared by blending 0.75% by weight of oil obtained by extremely curing Hyelin rapeseed oil into 3.25% by weight of part a and 96.0% by weight of part b.
- Vegetable oil C was prepared by blending part a 96.0% by weight and part b 4.0% by weight.
- a chocolate-like food for baking was prepared by rolling and conching according to conventional methods according to the formulations shown in Table 1, Table 3, Table 5, and Table 7. This chocolate-like food for baking was adjusted to 25 ° C., then 7 g was filled in an aluminum cup and baked in an oven at 160 ° C. for 14 minutes. Unless otherwise specified, baking was performed in 14 minutes, and when the baking time was adjusted depending on the state of the dough to be blended, the time for extending the baking time was described.
- Example 1 As a fiber, 1 part by weight of Olafty HP (Beneo), which is an inulin fiber, was used, and a baked chocolate-like food was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 1. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 2.
- the component composition of the whole milk powder used in this specification is that the whole milk powder is 100 g, the water is 2.6 g, the protein is 27.1 g, the lipid is 25.5 g, the carbohydrate is 38.9 g, and the ash is 5. 9g.
- Example 2 As the fiber, 2 parts by weight of powdered cellulose KC Flock W-100G (manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.) was used, and a baked chocolate-like food was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 1. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 2.
- Example 3 As the fiber, 6 parts by weight of powdered cellulose KC Flock W-100G (manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.) was used, and a baked chocolate-like food was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 1. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 2.
- Example 4 Using 6 parts by weight of Comprecel 105QD (manufactured by Meidai Kako Co., Ltd.), which is microcrystalline cellulose, as a fiber, a baked chocolate-like food was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 1. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 2.
- Example 5 As a fiber, 6 parts by weight of Olafty HP (Beneo), which is an inulin fiber, was used, and a baked chocolate-like food was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 1. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 2.
- Example 6 Using 10 parts by weight of Comprecel 105QD (manufactured by Meidai Kako Co., Ltd.), which is microcrystalline cellulose, as the fiber, a baked chocolate-like food was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 1. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 2.
- Example 1 baked chocolate-like foods having a crispy and slightly melted mouthfeel different from those in Comparative Example 1 were obtained.
- -Comparative example 1 had no crispy texture and was sticky.
- Example 4 the texture of Example 4 was the best.
- Example 5 and Example 6 showed almost the same texture as Example 4, but the heat resistance at 30 ° C. was slightly inferior.
- Comparative Example 2 the texture was good, but sufficient 30 ° C. heat resistance was not obtained.
- FIG. 2- The cross-sectional structure of the chocolate-like food after baking in Example 3 (FIG. 1) is expanded compared to the cross-sectional structure of the chocolate-like food after baking in Comparative Example 1 (FIG. 2). Layered. After a while, it was slightly depressed, but when eaten, a crisp feeling like a baked confectionery using starches was obtained even though starches were not used.
- Example 7 As the non-fat milk solid content, 10 parts by weight of whole fat milk powder was used, and a baked chocolate-like food was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 3. A baked chocolate-like food product having a non-fat milk solid content of 7.2% by weight was obtained. When this chocolate-like food for baking was baked under the same conditions as in Example 1, it was sticky and not heat resistant, and the target texture was not achieved. Furthermore, when baking was prolonged for 5 minutes, it became a little sticky and slightly sticky texture. Table 4 summarizes the evaluation results of the baked chocolate-like food with the baking time extended from that of Example 1 by 5 minutes.
- Example 8 As the non-fat milk solid content, 20 parts by weight of whole milk powder was used, and a baked chocolate-like food was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 3. A baked chocolate-like food product having a non-fat milk solid content of 14.4% by weight was obtained. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 4.
- Example 9 As the non-fat milk solid content, 30 parts by weight of whole milk powder was used, and a baked chocolate-like food was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 3. A baked chocolate-like food product having a non-fat milk solid content of 21.6% by weight was obtained. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 4.
- Example 7 baked chocolate-like foods having a crispy and slightly mouth-melting texture different from those in Comparative Example 3 were obtained. -In comparison with Examples 7 to 9, the texture of Example 8 was the best. Example 7 had a slightly sticky texture. In Example 9, the texture was slightly firm.
- Example 10 a baked chocolate-like food with a crispy and slightly melted mouthfeel different from Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5 was obtained.
- the heat resistance at 30 ° C. and workability were also good.
- the texture of Example 12 was inferior to that of Examples 10 and 11, but a chewy texture was obtained.
- -Comparative Example 4 had good heat resistance and a slightly chewy texture, but the back mouth was sticky.
- Comparative Example 5 had good heat resistance, but had a crisp texture and was inferior to Examples 10-12.
- Example 18 As an emulsifier with an HLB of 9 or more, 0.4 parts by weight of POLB W-60 (manufactured by Riken Vitamin Co., Ltd.), which is stearic monoglyceryl diacetyl tartrate, is used, and the composition described in Table 7 is calcined. A chocolate-like food was prepared. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 8.
- Example 23 A baked chocolate-like food was prepared in the same manner as in Example 13 except that vegetable oil B was used instead of vegetable oil A, with the formulation shown in Table 7. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 10. In addition, the result of Example 13 was also described.
- Example 13 a baked chocolate-like food with a crispy and slightly melted mouthfeel different from those of Comparative Example 12 and Comparative Example 13 was obtained.
- Example 23 a slightly soft texture was obtained as compared to Example 13.
- the texture of Comparative Example 12 was firm and crunchy. The work was hard and difficult to work.
- the food texture of the comparative example 13 had a slightly chewy feeling, the fats and oils were too soft, the workability before baking was poor, the heat resistance was low, and the overall evaluation was unacceptable.
- a baked chocolate-like food having a novel texture in a simple manner without adding water or an aqueous raw material and without spraying water on the surface. can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
(1)HLBが9以上の乳化剤を0.2~0.8重量%、無脂乳固形分を7重量%以上、食物繊維を1重量%以上含有するチョコレート様食品であって、含有する全油脂の混合物のSFCが20℃で5~40%、10℃で15~60%であり、焼成前の水分含有量が3重量%未満である、焼成用チョコレート様食品、
(2)カカオマスを含有しない(1)の焼成用チョコレート様食品、
(3)HLBが9以上の乳化剤としてショ糖脂肪酸エステルを使用する(1)または(2)の焼成用チョコレート様食品、
(4)焼成用チョコレート様食品を構成する全油脂中にベヘン酸残基を含むトリ飽和グリセリドを含有し、ベヘン酸残基の含有量が0.1~5重量%である、(1)~(3)のいずれかの焼成用チョコレート様食品、
(5)HLBが9以上の乳化剤をリファイニング以前の工程にて添加することを特徴とする(1)~(4)のいずれかの焼成用チョコレート様食品の製造法、
(6)(1)~(4)のいずれかの焼成用チョコレート様食品単独、または別の可食物と組み合わせて焼成してなる焼成チョコレート様食品、
(7)(1)~(4)のいずれかの焼成用チョコレート様食品を使用した、焼成により膨化して層状化することを特徴とする焼成チョコレート様食品の食感改良方法、
(8)(1)~(4)のいずれかの焼成用チョコレート様食品を使用し、焼成前に含気させる工程を有しない焼成チョコレート様食品の製造法、である。
<配合油脂(パーツa、パーツb)の作製方法>
パーム油60重量部、パーム油分別高融点部20重量部およびパーム極度硬化油20重量部からなる配合油(ヨウ素価37)を、ナトリウムメチラートによりランダムエステル交換を行いエステル交換油脂を得た。かかるエステル交換油脂をアセトン2段分別により、ヨウ素価32の中融点部、ヨウ素価63の低融点部を得た。得られた油脂を常法に従い精製して中融点部をパーツa、低融点部をパーツb、として以下の検討に用いた。
植物油脂Aを、パーツa23.5重量%と、パーツb75.0重量%にハイエルシン菜種油を極度硬化した油脂を1.5重量%配合して調製した。
ハイエルシン菜種油を極度硬化した油脂は、油脂の脂肪酸組成をガスクロマトグラフィーにより測定したところ、ベヘン酸45重量%、アラキン酸10重量%、ステアリン酸40重量%、パルミチン酸5重量%であり、全て飽和脂肪酸であった。
植物油脂Bはパーツa3.25重量%とパーツb96.0重量%にハイエルシン菜種油を極度硬化した油脂を0.75重量%配合して調製した。
植物油脂Cはパーツa96.0重量%と、パーツb4.0重量%配合して調製した。
植物油脂Dはパーツbを100.0重量%用いた。
表1、表3、表5、表7記載の配合にて常法によりロール掛け、コンチング処理して焼成用チョコレート様食品を調製した。この焼成用チョコレート様食品を25℃に温調した後にアルミカップに7g充填して160℃のオーブンで14分焼成した。特に記載なき場合は14分で焼成し、配合する生地の状態により焼成時間を調整した場合は焼成時間を延長した時間を記載した。
(1)食感評価方法
焼成後のチョコレートを下記基準によりサンプル毎に評価した。
◎:非常に良好
〇:良好
△:許容範囲内
×:不良
(2)耐熱性
30℃で24時間保管後のチョコレート表面の状態を評価した。
〇=べたつかない ×=べたつく
(3)室温作業性
コンチング処理した焼成用チョコレート様食品を25℃に温調後、アルミカップ充填時の作業性を評価した。
〇=良好 ×=不可
(4)総合評価
下記基準により総合判定を行った。
◎:非常に良好
○:良好
△:許容範囲内
×:不可
繊維質として、イヌリン繊維質であるオラフティHP(ベネオ社製)を1重量部使用し、表1記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表2に纏めた。
本明細書において用いた全脂粉乳の成分組成は、全脂粉乳全体を100gとして、水分が2.6g、蛋白質が27.1g、脂質が25.5g、炭水化物が38.9gおよび灰分が5.9gである。
繊維質として、粉末セルロースであるKCフロックW-100G(日本製紙株式会社製)を2重量部使用し、表1記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表2に纏めた。
繊維質として、粉末セルロースであるKCフロックW-100G(日本製紙株式会社製)を6重量部使用し、表1記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表2に纏めた。
繊維質として、微結晶セルロースであるComprecel 105QD(明台化工有限公司社製)を6重量部使用し、表1記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表2に纏めた。
繊維質として、イヌリン繊維質であるオラフティHP(ベネオ社製)を6重量部使用し、表1記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表2に纏めた。
繊維質として、微結晶セルロースであるComprecel 105QD(明台化工有限公司社製)を10重量部使用し、表1記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表2に纏めた。
繊維質を使用しないで、表1記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表2に纏めた。
繊維質として、微結晶セルロースであるComprecel 105QD(明台化工有限公司社製)を15重量部使用し、表1記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表2に纏めた。
・実施例1~5では、比較例1とは異なるサクサク、ほろほろとした口溶けの良好な食感の焼成チョコレート様食品が得られた。
・比較例1は、サクサクとした食感がなく、ねちゃついていた。
・実施例1~6の対比では、実施例4の食感が最も良好であった。実施例5、実施例6は、実施例4とほぼ同等の食感を示したが、若干30℃の耐熱性が劣っていた。
・比較例2は、食感は良好であったが、十分な30℃耐熱性が得られなかった。
・実施例3の焼成後のチョコレート様食品の断面組織(図1)は、比較例1の焼成後のチョコレート様食品の断面組織(図2)と較べて、膨化して層状化している。時間が経過すると、若干落ち込むが、喫食すると、澱粉類を使用していないにも関わらず、澱粉類を用いた焼き菓子のようなサクサク感が得られた。
無脂乳固形分として、全脂粉乳を10重量部使用し、表3記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。無脂乳固形分が7.2重量%に相当する焼成チョコレート様食品が得られた。
この焼成用チョコレート様食品を実施例1と同様の条件で焼成したところ、べたべたで耐熱性はなく、目標とする食感にはならなかった。さらに焼成を5分長くしたところ、少しべたつき、ややねちゃつく食感になった。実施例1よりも焼成時間を5分延長した焼成チョコレート様食品の評価結果を表4に纏めた。
無脂乳固形分として、全脂粉乳を20重量部使用し、表3記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。無脂乳固形分が14.4重量%に相当する焼成チョコレート様食品が得られた。評価結果を表4に纏めた。
無脂乳固形分として、全脂粉乳を30重量部使用し、表3記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。無脂乳固形分が21.6重量%に相当する焼成チョコレート様食品が得られた。評価結果を表4に纏めた。
無脂乳固形分を使用しないで、表3記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。この焼成用チョコレート様食品を実施例1と同様の条件で焼成したところ、べたべたで耐熱性はなく、目標とする食感にはならなかった。さらに焼成を10分長くしたところ、焼成チョコレート様食品が焦げてしまった。実施例1と同様の焼成時間で得られた焼成チョコレート様食品の評価結果を表4に纏めた。
・実施例7~9では、比較例3とは異なるサクサク、ほろほろとした口溶けの良好な食感の焼成チョコレート様食品が得られた。
・実施例7~9の対比では、実施例8の食感が最も良好な結果となった。実施例7は、ややねちゃつく食感になった。実施例9では食感が少し堅い結果となった。
乳化剤として、ショ糖混合脂肪酸エステルであるHLB=15のDKエステルF160(第一工業製薬株式会社製)を0.6重量部使用し、表5記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表6に纏めた。
乳化剤として、ショ糖混合脂肪酸エステルであるHLB=15のDKエステルF160(第一工業製薬株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表5記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表6に纏めた。
乳化剤として、ショ糖混合脂肪酸エステルであるHLB=15のDKエステルF160(第一工業製薬株式会社製)を0.3重量部使用し、表5記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表6に纏めた。
乳化剤として、ショ糖混合脂肪酸エステルであるHLB=15のDKエステルF160(第一工業製薬株式会社製)を1.0重量部使用し、表5記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表6に纏めた。
乳化剤として、ショ糖混合脂肪酸エステルであるHLB=15のDKエステルF160(第一工業製薬株式会社製)を0.1重量部使用し、表5記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表6に纏めた。
・実施例10、実施例11では、比較例4、比較例5とは異なるサクサク、ほろほろとした口溶けの良好な食感の焼成チョコレート様食品が得られた。30℃耐熱性と、作業性も良好であった。
・実施例12の食感は、実施例10、実施例11には劣るがほろほろとした食感が得られた。
・比較例4は、耐熱性は良く、食感はややほろほろしていたが、後口がねちゃつくものになっていた。
・比較例5は、耐熱性は良いが、食感ががりがりしており、実施例10~実施例12より劣っていた。
HLBが9以上の乳化剤として、ショ糖ステアリン酸エステルであるHLB=11のリョートーシュガーエステルS1170(三菱化学フーズ株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表8に纏めた。
HLBが9以上の乳化剤として、ショ糖ステアリン酸エステルであるHLB=16のリョートーシュガーエステルS1670(三菱化学フーズ株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表8に纏めた。
HLBが9以上の乳化剤として、ショ糖混合脂肪酸エステルであるHLB=15のDKエステルF160(三菱化学フーズ株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表8に纏めた。
HLBが9以上の乳化剤として、ショ糖オレイン酸エステルであるHLB=15のリョートーシュガーエステルO1570(三菱化学フーズ株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表8に纏めた。
HLBが9以上の乳化剤として、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルであるHLB=10のリョートーポリグリエステルS24D(三菱化学フーズ株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表8に纏めた。
HLBが9以上の乳化剤として、ジアセチル酒石酸ステアリンモノグリであるHLB=9.5のポエムW-60(理研ビタミン株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表8に纏めた。
HLBが9以上の乳化剤として、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルであるHLB=16のポエムJ0021(理研ビタミン株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表8に纏めた。
HLBが9以上の乳化剤として、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルであるHLB=14のポエムJ0381(理研ビタミン株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表8に纏めた。
HLBが9以上の乳化剤として、ポリソルベートであるHLB=16のウィルサーフTF60(日油株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表8に纏めた。
HLBが9以上の乳化剤として、ポリソルベートであるHLB=16のウィルサーフTF80(日油株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表8に纏めた。
乳化剤を使用しない以外は、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表9に纏めた。
乳化剤として、ショ糖ステアリン酸エステルであるHLB=0のリョートーシュガーエステルS070(三菱化学フーズ株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表9に纏めた。
乳化剤として、ショ糖ステアリン酸エステルであるHLB=5のリョートーシュガーエステルS570(三菱化学フーズ株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表9に纏めた。
乳化剤として、ショ糖ステアリン酸エステルであるHLB=7のリョートーシュガーエステルS770(三菱化学フーズ株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表9に纏めた。
乳化剤として、コハク酸ステアリンモノグリであるHLB=5.5のポエムB30(理研ビタミン株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表9に纏めた。
乳化剤として、ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルであるHLB=1のポエムPR100(理研ビタミン株式会社製)を0.4重量部使用し、表7記載の配合にて、焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表9に纏めた。
・実施例13~22では、比較例6~11とは異なるサクサク、ほろほろとした口溶けの良好な食感の焼成チョコレート様食品が得られた。30℃耐熱性と、作業性も良好であった。実施例16~22の食感は、実施例13~15と較べてさくさく感が若干劣っていた。
・比較例6 乳化剤無添加の食感は、硬くてがりがりとしていた。
・比較例7~10の食感は、後口がねちゃつくものになっていた。
・比較例11の食感は、さくさくせず堅い食感であった。
植物油脂Aに替えて植物油脂Bを使用する以外は、表7記載の配合にて、実施例13同様に焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表10に纏めた。なお、実施例13の結果も記載した。
植物油脂Aに替えて植物油脂Cを使用する以外は、表7記載の配合にて、実施例13同様に焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表10に纏めた。
植物油脂Aに替えて植物油脂Dを使用する以外は、表7記載の配合にて、実施例13同様に焼成チョコレート様食品を作製した。評価結果を表10に纏めた。
・実施例13、実施例23では、比較例12、比較例13とは異なるサクサク、ほろほろとした口溶けの良好な食感の焼成チョコレート様食品が得られた。実施例23は、実施例13と較べて少しソフトな食感が得られた。
・比較例12の食感は、堅くガリガリとしていた。作業時にも硬く作業がしにくいものであった。
・比較例13の食感は、若干ほろほろとした感じがあるものの、油脂がやわらかすぎで、焼成前の作業性が悪く、耐熱性が低いものとなり総合評価は不合格であった。
Claims (8)
- HLBが9以上の乳化剤を0.2~0.8重量%、無脂乳固形分を7重量%以上、食物繊維を1重量%以上含有するチョコレート様食品であって、含有する全油脂の混合物のSFCが20℃で5~40%、10℃で15~60%であり、焼成前の水分含有量が3重量%未満である、焼成用チョコレート様食品。
- カカオマスを含有しない請求項1記載の焼成用チョコレート様食品。
- HLBが9以上の乳化剤としてショ糖脂肪酸エステルを使用する請求項1または請求項2に記載の焼成用チョコレート様食品。
- 焼成用チョコレート様食品を構成する全油脂中にベヘン酸残基を含むトリ飽和グリセリドを含有し、ベヘン酸残基の含有量が0.1~5重量%である、請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の焼成用チョコレート様食品。
- HLBが9以上の乳化剤をリファイニング以前の工程にて添加することを特徴とする請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の焼成用チョコレート様食品の製造法。
- 請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の焼成用チョコレート様食品単独、または別の可食物と組み合わせて焼成してなる焼成チョコレート様食品。
- 請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の焼成用チョコレート様食品を使用した、焼成により膨化して層状化することを特徴とする焼成チョコレート様食品の食感改良方法。
- 請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の焼成用チョコレート様食品を使用し、焼成前に含気させる工程を有しない焼成チョコレート様食品の製造法。
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CN108366575A (zh) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-08-03 | 日清奥利友集团株式会社 | 烘焙巧克力及其制造方法 |
JP2019000022A (ja) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-01-10 | 森永製菓株式会社 | 焼成チョコレート菓子及び焼成チョコレート菓子の製造方法 |
JP7051313B2 (ja) | 2017-06-14 | 2022-04-11 | 森永製菓株式会社 | 焼成チョコレート菓子及び焼成チョコレート菓子の製造方法 |
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JP7282445B2 (ja) | 2018-03-29 | 2023-05-29 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | 加熱用チョコレート |
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KR102272636B1 (ko) | 2021-07-02 |
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JPWO2014141915A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
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CN105025732A (zh) | 2015-11-04 |
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