WO2012086170A1 - 芳香族複素環誘導体及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 - Google Patents
芳香族複素環誘導体及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012086170A1 WO2012086170A1 PCT/JP2011/007071 JP2011007071W WO2012086170A1 WO 2012086170 A1 WO2012086170 A1 WO 2012086170A1 JP 2011007071 W JP2011007071 W JP 2011007071W WO 2012086170 A1 WO2012086170 A1 WO 2012086170A1
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- 0 CCCCC(C)CC(C(CC(*1)O)O)C1O Chemical compound CCCCC(C)CC(C(CC(*1)O)O)C1O 0.000 description 3
- LXXUNGYFFNPZCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=NC([n]2c(ccc(-c3c4[o]c(cccc5)c5c4ccc3)c3)c3c3c2cccc3)N=C1Nc(ccc(-c1cccc2c1[o]c1ccccc21)c1)c1-c1ccccc1 Chemical compound C1=NC([n]2c(ccc(-c3c4[o]c(cccc5)c5c4ccc3)c3)c3c3c2cccc3)N=C1Nc(ccc(-c1cccc2c1[o]c1ccccc21)c1)c1-c1ccccc1 LXXUNGYFFNPZCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVNLXKMUQHCIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[BrH]c1ccc2[nH]c3ccccc3c2c1 Chemical compound C[BrH]c1ccc2[nH]c3ccccc3c2c1 GVNLXKMUQHCIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCIDTBAAKYOHBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)ccc1-c1nc(cccc2)c2[n]1-c(cc1)ccc1-c1c(cccc2)c2c(-c2ccccc2)c2c1cccc2 Chemical compound c(cc1)ccc1-c1nc(cccc2)c2[n]1-c(cc1)ccc1-c1c(cccc2)c2c(-c2ccccc2)c2c1cccc2 QCIDTBAAKYOHBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXLRAQXGAKHLAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1c2c3)ccc1[nH]c2ccc3-c1cccc2c1[o]c1ccccc21 Chemical compound c(cc1c2c3)ccc1[nH]c2ccc3-c1cccc2c1[o]c1ccccc21 TXLRAQXGAKHLAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel aromatic heterocyclic derivative, a material for an organic electroluminescence device, and an organic electroluminescence device using the same.
- An organic electroluminescence device that has an organic thin film layer including a light emitting layer between an anode and a cathode and that emits light from exciton energy generated by recombination of holes and electrons injected into the light emitting layer is known. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 to 8).
- Such an organic electroluminescence element is expected as a light-emitting element excellent in luminous efficiency, image quality, power consumption, and thin design, taking advantage of the self-luminous element.
- a doping method is known in which a host is doped with a light emitting material as a dopant.
- excitons can be efficiently generated from the charge injected into the host. And the exciton energy of the produced
- Patent Documents 1 to 8 describe compounds containing a carbazole skeleton and a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring in the same molecule and compounds containing a plurality of carbazole skeletons in the same molecule, as shown in the following compounds I to VIII. Has been.
- the compounds I and II described in Patent Document 1 have a structure in which a carbazole skeleton is bonded to a benzene ring and an electron-deficient nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic ring structure.
- the carbazole skeleton has long been known as the main skeleton of hole transporting materials, as represented by polyvinyl carbazole.
- an electron-deficient nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic ring structure is known as a structure having a high electron transporting ability. That is, the compounds I and II described in Patent Document 1 are materials that are considered to balance charge transport by combining a hole transport skeleton and an electron transport skeleton.
- Compound I has only one carbazole skeleton and lacks hole transport performance, good light emission characteristics cannot be obtained.
- Compound II has two carbazolyl groups, but has a structure in which the carbazolyl group is bent to the left and right with respect to the bond axis between the pyrimidine ring and the benzene ring (two conjugated aromatic rings). Therefore, overlapping of carbazole skeleton portions between molecules is inhibited, hole transport ability is not sufficient, and the recombination position of charge tends to be biased toward the anode side, and there is a concern that good light emission characteristics and lifetime characteristics cannot be obtained. There is.
- Compound VII described in Patent Document 6 has an electron-deficient nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic ring structure and a carbazole linking structure.
- the two carbazole skeletons are bonded with carbon and nitrogen at the 3-position.
- the two carbazole skeletons are twisted and the planarity is lost, so the overlap between molecules is small, the hole transport performance is not sufficient, and good light emission characteristics and lifetime characteristics cannot be obtained. Conceivable.
- Compound VIII described in Patent Document 7 has a structure in which a bipyridyl group which is a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic group is bonded to a benzene ring of a carbazole skeleton.
- the compound is used as an electron transport layer material, but there is no disclosure regarding the performance of the phosphorescent host material. However, it is conceivable that the compound has a high electron transporting property, and when used as a host material, the carrier balance in the light emitting layer is poor, and good light emission characteristics are not exhibited.
- Patent Document 8 since a linking group is always required between the heterocyclic ring and the carbazole group, the compound may have poor solubility or a desired physical property may not be obtained.
- WO2003-080760 Japanese Patent No. 3139321 Japanese Patent No. 4357781 JP 2003-151774 A JP 2008-135498 A JP 2009-21336 A JP 2008-214307 A JP 2010-040830 A
- the present invention provides a novel aromatic heterocyclic derivative, a material for an organic electroluminescence device, which has both a hole transport capability and an electron transport capability and excellent carrier balance, and a long-life phosphorescent organic electroluminescence using the same.
- An object is to provide a luminescence element.
- the object is to provide a material that is soluble and suitable for the application process.
- an aromatic heterocyclic derivative comprising two or more carbazole derivative residues and a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic group is a light emitting layer of an organic EL device. It has been found that it works effectively to optimize the carrier balance, and has completed the invention.
- An aromatic heterocyclic derivative represented by the following formula (1) -1 or (1) -2 A is a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, B is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms; n is an integer of 2 or more.
- Cz is each independently an aromatic heterocyclic group represented by the following formula (2) or (3).
- n Czs may be independently bonded to any of A, and when A has a substituent, it may be bonded to any position of the substituent.
- n Czs may be independently bonded to either A or B. When A or B has a substituent, it binds to any position of the substituent. May be.
- Z 1 and Z 2 are, independently of each other, an atomic group necessary for forming an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, an aromatic heterocyclic ring, or an aliphatic ring, and are a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, and a sulfur atom.
- Consists of atoms selected from the group consisting of Z 3 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- X is a nitrogen atom in Formula (2), and is a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom in Formula (3).
- the ring composed of X is composed of atoms necessary for forming a ring selected from the group consisting of carbon atom, nitrogen atom, oxygen atom and sulfur atom in addition to X.
- the ring formed by Z 1 is an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, an aromatic heterocyclic ring or an aliphatic ring, and includes an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, an aromatic heterocyclic ring or an aliphatic ring to be formed, and X The resulting rings share the two carbon atoms that form each ring.
- the ring formed by Z 2 is an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, an aromatic heterocyclic ring or an aliphatic ring, and the aromatic hydrocarbon ring, aromatic heterocyclic ring or aliphatic ring formed by Z 2 ; Rings comprising X share the two carbon atoms that form each ring.
- Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 and Y 4 are independently of each other, Hydrogen atom, deuterium atom, halogen atom, cyano group, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic haloalkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkylsilyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydro
- Y 1 when X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, Y 1 does not exist.
- a, b and c are each independently 0 or an integer of 1 or more.
- Y 2 , Y 3 and Y 4 are 2 or more, adjacent Y 2 , Y 3 and Y 4 may be bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted saturated or unsaturated cyclic structure. . )
- the following aromatic heterocyclic derivatives are excluded.
- D is independently of each other the following groups (D1) to (D4) One of them. ]] 2.
- the aromatic heterocyclic group represented by the formula (2) or (3) is substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, substituted or unsubstituted azacarbazolyl group, substituted or unsubstituted benzcarbazolyl group, substituted or unsubstituted 2.
- Y 2 and Y 3 in the aromatic heterocyclic group represented by the formula (2) or (3) are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.
- Y 2 and Y 3 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, substituted or unsubstituted N-phenylcarbazolyl 4.
- the aromatic heterocyclic derivative according to 3 selected from the group consisting of a group and a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group. 5.
- A is a substituted or unsubstituted pyridine ring, substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidine ring, substituted or unsubstituted triazine ring, substituted or unsubstituted quinoline ring, substituted or unsubstituted isoquinoline ring, substituted or unsubstituted quinoxaline ring Or an aromatic heterocyclic derivative according to any one of 1 to 5 selected from the group consisting of n-valent groups derived from a substituted or unsubstituted quinazoline ring. 7.
- a material for an organic electroluminescence device comprising the aromatic heterocyclic derivative according to any one of 1 to 6.
- a material solution for an organic electroluminescence device obtained by dissolving the aromatic heterocyclic derivative according to any one of 1 to 6 in a solvent.
- An organic electroluminescence device comprising a plurality of organic thin film layers including a light emitting layer between a cathode and an anode, wherein at least one of the organic thin film layers includes the aromatic heterocyclic derivative according to any one of 1 to 6. 10.
- 10. The organic electroluminescence device according to 9, wherein the light emitting layer contains the aromatic heterocyclic derivative according to any one of 1 to 6 as a host material.
- 11. 11 The organic electroluminescence device according to 9 or 10, wherein the light emitting layer contains a phosphorescent material. 12 12.
- the organic electroluminescence device 11 wherein the phosphorescent material is an orthometalated complex of metal atoms selected from the group consisting of iridium (Ir), osmium (Os), and platinum (Pt). 13.
- the organic electroluminescence device according to any one of 9 to 12, which has an electron injection layer between the cathode and the light emitting layer, and the electron injection layer contains a nitrogen-containing ring derivative.
- an organic EL device having high emission efficiency and a long lifetime, an aromatic heterocyclic derivative for realizing the organic EL device, and an organic EL device material using the same.
- materials that cannot be formed by vapor deposition for example, compounds having a high molecular weight, oligomeric materials
- films can also be applied to organic EL devices by film-forming techniques using solutions. Can be created.
- 3 is a chart showing a fluorescence spectrum of a thin film of the aromatic heterocyclic derivative H-2 of the present invention.
- 3 is a chart showing a fluorescence spectrum of a thin film of the aromatic heterocyclic derivative H-3 of the present invention. It is a chart which shows the fluorescence spectrum (in a methylene chloride solution) of the dopant (Ir (nBuPPy) 3 ) used in Examples 5 and 6. It is a chart which shows the fluorescence spectrum of the thin film manufactured in Example 5, and whose dopant concentration is 5, 10 and 20 wt%. It is a chart which shows the fluorescence spectrum of the thin film manufactured in Example 6 and whose dopant concentration is 5, 10 and 20 wt%.
- A is a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms
- B is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms
- n is an integer of 2 or more, preferably 2 or 3, and more preferably 2.
- Cz is each independently an aromatic heterocyclic group represented by the following formula (2) or (3).
- n Czs may be independently bonded to any of A, and when A has a substituent, it may be bonded to any position of the substituent. In the case of having a plurality of substituents, n Czs may be independently bonded to any substituent. In this case, any position of these substituents may be used.
- n Cz's may be independently bonded to either A or B. In that case, any position in A or B may be sufficient.
- n Czs may be independently bonded to any substituent. In this case, any position of these substituents may be used.
- the bonding position with A or B in formula (3) may be any of a ring containing Z 1 , a ring containing X or a ring containing Z 2.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic heterocyclic group include a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group and a condensed aromatic heterocyclic group. Also included are those in which a single ring and a condensed ring are bonded by a single bond.
- Z 3 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the divalent linking group is not particularly limited, but is a group derived from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 25 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring having 2 to 25 ring carbon atoms.
- a group derived from an aromatic group compound and a group in which they are bonded by a single bond are preferred.
- X is a nitrogen atom in Formula (2), and is a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom in Formula (3).
- the ring comprising X is composed of atoms necessary for forming an aromatic heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of carbon atom, nitrogen atom, oxygen atom and sulfur atom in addition to X.
- aromatic hydrocarbon ring, aromatic heterocyclic ring or aliphatic ring formed by Z 1 and the aromatic heterocyclic ring composed of X share two carbon atoms forming each ring.
- aromatic hydrocarbon ring, an aromatic heterocycle or an aliphatic ring formed by Z 2 and an aromatic heterocycle including X are included in each ring 2. Shares carbon atoms.
- Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 and Y 4 are independently of each other, Hydrogen atom, deuterium atom, halogen atom, cyano group, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic haloalkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkylsilyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydro
- a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms is preferable. More preferred are substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted terphenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group, substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted A carbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl group. In particular, a substituted or unsubstituted N-phenyl-substituted carbazolyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group are preferable.
- Y 1 when X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, Y 1 does not exist.
- a, b and c are each independently 0 or an integer of 1 or more.
- Y 2 , Y 3 and Y 4 are 2 or more, adjacent Y 2 , Y 3 and Y 4 may be bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted saturated or unsaturated cyclic structure. .
- D is independently any one of the following groups (D1) to (D4).
- A a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms.
- N-valent groups derived are preferred. Furthermore, n-valent groups derived from a substituted or unsubstituted pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, triazine ring, quinoline ring, isoquinoline ring, quinoxaline ring, phthalazine ring, or quinazoline ring are preferred, and particularly substituted or unsubstituted An n-valent group derived from a pyrimidine ring or a triazine ring is preferred.
- N-valent groups derived from a substituted or unsubstituted pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, triazine ring, quinoline ring, isoquinoline ring, quinoxaline ring, phthalazine ring, or quinazoline ring may each be represented by the following formula: preferable.
- Y represents a substituent. Examples of the substituent will be described later. Y may be plural, and when there are plural Y, they may be the same or different.
- Y is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, and particularly preferably a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted group.
- bonds with A any position of the group of A may be sufficient, but the position shown by * is preferable in the following formula
- aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms ring having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms
- aromatic hydrocarbon group are derived from aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, naphthalene, biphenyl, terphenyl, fluorene, phenanthrene, triphenylene, perylene, chrysene, fluoranthene, benzofluorene, benzotriphenylene, benzochrysene, and anthracene.
- groups derived from benzene, naphthalene, biphenyl, terphenyl, fluorene and phenanthrene are preferred.
- aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms examples include pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyridinyl group, indolyl group, isoindolyl group, furyl group, benzofuranyl group, isobenzofuranyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, Dibenzothiophenyl group, quinolyl group, isoquinolyl group, quinoxalinyl group, carbazolyl group, phenanthridinyl group, acridinyl group, phenanthrolinyl group, thienyl group, and pyridine ring, pyrazine ring, pyrimidine ring, pyridazine ring, triazine ring , Indole ring, quinoline ring, acridine ring, pyrrolidine ring, dioxane ring, piperidine ring, morpholine ring, piperazine ring, carbazole ring
- bonds with B any position of the group of B may be sufficient.
- Y 2 and Y 3 are independently of each other a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic haloalkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkylsilyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, Represents an atom or group selected from the group consisting
- Y 2 and Y 3 are each independently preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, specifically, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, substituted or unsubstituted.
- a substituted N-phenylcarbazolyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group is preferred.
- the position of these Y 2 and Y 3 are attached to the formula (4) may be any position in Y 2 and Y 3.
- Z 3 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Z 3 is a divalent linking group
- An unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyleneoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic haloalkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic haloalkoxylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkylsilylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, A substituted or unsubstituted arylsilylene group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, And a group selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30
- a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group a substituted or unsubstituted biphenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted terphenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group, and a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenylene group.
- a and b are each independently 0 or an integer of 1 or more, preferably 0 or 1.
- Y 2 and Y 3 are as shown in the formula (4) independently of each other.
- Y 2 and Y 3 are preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, specifically, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted N-phenylcarba A zolyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group is preferred.
- the position of these Y 2 and Y 3 are attached to the formula (5) may be any position in Y 2 and Y 3.
- Y 1 is the same as Y 2 and Y 3 shown in Formula (4).
- Y 1 is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 10 ring carbon atoms.
- the position where Y 1 is bonded to the nitrogen atom of formula (5) may be any position in the Y 1.
- Y 2 and Y 3 are as shown in the formula (4) independently of each other. Further, Y 2 or Y 3 is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, specifically, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, substituted or unsubstituted N -A phenylcarbazolyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group is preferred.
- the position of these Y 2 and Y 3 are attached to the formula (6) may be any position in Y 2 and Y 3.
- Y 5 is the same as Y 2 and Y 3 shown in Formula (4).
- the position Y 5 is bonded to the phenyl group of the formula (6) may be any position in the Y 5.
- a and b are each independently an integer of 0 to 4
- d is an integer of 0 to 5.
- the bonding position to A may be anywhere. That is, any of the case of bonding to A with any carbon atom and the case of bonding to A with any nitrogen atom may be used.
- the azacarbazolyl derivative group may have a substituent described later on any carbon atom or nitrogen atom.
- Benzcarbazolyl derivative group The bonding position to A may be anywhere. That is, any of the case where it couple
- the benzcarbazolyl derivative group described above may have a substituent described later on any carbon atom or nitrogen atom.
- the bonding position to A may be anywhere. That is, any of the case where it couple
- the bonding position to A may be anywhere. That is, any of the case where it couple
- Y 2 and Y 3 are as shown in the formula (4) independently of each other.
- said hydrocarbazolyl derivative group may have a substituent mentioned later on any carbon atom or nitrogen atom.
- the bonding position to A may be anywhere. That is, any of the case where it couple
- the bonding position to A may be anywhere. That is, you may couple
- Y 2 and Y 3 are as shown in the formula (4) independently of each other.
- said xanthenyl derivative group may have a substituent mentioned later on any carbon atom.
- the aromatic heterocyclic group shown in i) to vii) preferably has an aromatic heterocyclic group, particularly a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group or dibenzofuranyl group as a substituent.
- the position at which the substituent is bonded to the aromatic heterocyclic group shown in i) to vii) is not particularly limited with respect to the substituent or the aromatic heterocyclic group shown in i) to vii).
- Cz represented by the formula (2) or (3) is a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted azacarbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzcarbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbazolyl. It is preferably selected from the group consisting of a ruthenium group, a substituted or unsubstituted acridinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted indolyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted xanthenyl group.
- Y 2 and / or Y 3 in Cz represented by the formula (2) or (3) is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.
- linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, s- Butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl N-tridecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n-hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group, n-octadecyl group, neopentyl group, 1-methylpentyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 1-pentylhexyl
- the linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, specifically, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, A pentyloxy group, a hexyloxy group, etc. are mentioned.
- linear, branched or cyclic haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms examples include those in which the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is substituted with one or more halogen atoms.
- Examples of the linear, branched or cyclic haloalkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include those in which the alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is substituted with one or more halogen atoms.
- linear, branched or cyclic alkylsilyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include, for example, a trimethylsilyl group, a triethylsilyl group, a tributylsilyl group, a dimethylethylsilyl group, a dimethylisopropylsilyl group, and a dimethylpropylsilyl group.
- Examples of the arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms include a phenyldimethylsilyl group, a diphenylmethylsilyl group, a diphenyl tertiary butylsilyl group, and a triphenylsilyl group.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms examples include benzene, naphthalene, biphenyl, terphenyl, fluorene, phenanthrene, triphenylene, perylene, chrysene, fluoranthene, benzofluorene, benzotriphenylene, benzochrysene, anthracene, etc.
- groups derived from the aromatic hydrocarbon compound are preferred.
- aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms examples include pyrrolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridinyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, furyl, benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, and dibenzofuranyl.
- examples of the substituent in the case of “substituted or unsubstituted” or “substituent” include the groups described in “Description of each group” above. . There is no limitation on the position at which the substituent is bonded to each group. That is, any position of the substituent may be bonded at any position of each group.
- Preferred examples of the aromatic heterocyclic derivative represented by the formula (1) -1 or (1) -2 are as follows.
- D is independently any one of the following groups (D1) to (D4).
- the method for producing the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the Ullmann reaction or Buchwald reaction of halogenated compounds and carbazole which is generally performed, and furthermore, the hydrogen of carbazole is extracted with a base such as sodium hydride (NaH) or potassium carbonate to form a salt, and then the halogenated compound is reacted.
- a base such as sodium hydride (NaH) or potassium carbonate
- a method or the like can be used.
- Q 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- it is a pyrimidyl group having a substituent (particularly a phenyl group).
- aromatic heterocyclic derivatives of the present invention Specific examples of the aromatic heterocyclic derivatives of the present invention are shown below.
- the organic EL element material and organic EL element of the present invention will be described.
- the material for an organic EL device of the present invention is characterized by containing the above-described aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention.
- the material solution for an organic EL device of the present invention is characterized by dissolving the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention in a solvent.
- the organic EL device of the present invention has a plurality of organic thin film layers including a light emitting layer between a cathode and an anode, and at least one of the organic thin film layers includes the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention.
- the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention is contained in at least one of the organic thin film layers of the organic EL device of the present invention.
- the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention is used as a host material in the light emitting layer, or a material related to the electron transport layer or the hole transport layer, high light emission efficiency and long life of the device can be expected.
- the structure of the multilayer organic EL element for example, (1) Anode / hole transport layer (hole injection layer) / light emitting layer / cathode (2) Anode / light emitting layer / electron transport layer (electron injection layer) / cathode (3) anode / hole transport layer (hole) Injection layer) / light emitting layer / electron transport layer (electron injection layer) / cathode (4) anode / hole transport layer (hole injection layer) / light emitting layer / hole barrier layer / electron transport layer (electron injection layer) / The thing laminated
- the light emitting layer contains the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention as a host material.
- the light emitting layer is preferably composed of a host material and a phosphorescent light emitting material, and the host material is the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention.
- the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention may be a host material used with a phosphorescent material or an electron transport material used with a phosphorescent material, and has a lowest excited triplet energy of 2.2 to 3.2 eV. And preferably 2.5 to 3.2 eV.
- the “triplet energy” refers to the energy difference between the lowest excited triplet state and the ground state.
- iridium (Ir), osmium (Os), ruthenium (Ru), or platinum (Pt) is used in that the phosphorescent quantum yield is high and the external quantum efficiency of the light-emitting element can be further improved.
- It is preferably a compound containing, more preferably a metal complex such as an iridium complex, an osmium complex, a ruthenium complex, or a platinum complex, among which an iridium complex and a platinum complex are more preferable, and selected from iridium, osmium Os, and platinum Pt.
- metal complexes such as iridium complex, osmium complex, ruthenium complex and platinum complex are shown below.
- the light emitting layer preferably contains a host complex and a phosphorescent light emitting material, and contains a metal complex having a maximum emission wavelength of 450 nm to 720 nm.
- the organic EL device of the present invention preferably has a reducing dopant in an interface region between the cathode and the organic thin film layer (for example, an electron injection layer or a light emitting layer).
- the reducing dopant is at least selected from alkali metals, alkali metal complexes, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metals, alkaline earth metal complexes, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metals, rare earth metal complexes, rare earth metal compounds, and the like. One kind is mentioned.
- the work function is 2.9 eV or less, Na (work function: 2.36 eV), K (work function: 2.28 eV), Rb (work function: 2.16 eV), Cs (work function: 1.95 eV) and the like are preferable.
- Na work function: 2.36 eV
- K work function: 2.28 eV
- Rb work function: 2.16 eV
- Cs work function: 1.95 eV
- K, Rb, and Cs are more preferable, Rb or Cs is more preferable, and Cs is most preferable.
- the work function is 2.9 eV or less, Ca (work function: 2.9 eV), Sr (work function: 2.0 to 2.5 eV), Ba (work function: 2.52 eV) Etc. are preferable.
- rare earth metal Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb and the like having a work function of 2.9 eV or less are preferably exemplified.
- preferred metals are particularly high in reducing ability, and can improve the light emission luminance and extend the life of the organic EL element by adding a relatively small amount to the electron injection region.
- alkali metal compound examples include alkali oxides such as Li 2 O, Cs 2 O, and K 2 O, and alkali halides such as LiF, NaF, CsF, and KF. Among these, LiF, Li 2 O, NaF is preferred.
- alkaline earth metal compound examples include BaO, SrO, CaO, and Ba m Sr 1-m O (0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1), Ba m Ca 1-m O (0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1) mixed with these. Of these, BaO, SrO, and CaO are preferable.
- the rare earth metal compound YbF 3, ScF 3, ScO 3, Y 2 O 3, Ce 2 O 3, GdF 3, TbF 3 and the like, and among these, YbF 3, ScF 3, TbF 3 are preferable.
- the alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, and rare earth metal complex are not particularly limited as long as each metal ion contains at least one of an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, and a rare earth metal ion.
- the ligands include quinolinol, benzoquinolinol, acridinol, phenanthridinol, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxydiaryloxadiazole, hydroxydiarylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxybenzotriazole, Hydroxyfulborane, bipyridyl, phenanthroline, phthalocyanine, porphyrin, cyclopentadiene, ⁇ -diketones, azomethines, and derivatives thereof are preferred, but not limited thereto.
- a reducing dopant As a form of addition of the reducing dopant, it is preferable to form a layered or island shape in the interface region.
- a forming method a method in which a reducing dopant is deposited by a resistance heating vapor deposition method, an organic material as a light emitting material or an electron injection material for forming an interface region is simultaneously deposited, and the reducing dopant is dispersed in the organic material.
- the reducing dopant in layers, after forming the light emitting material or electron injecting material that is the organic layer at the interface in layers, the reducing dopant is vapor-deposited alone by resistance heating vapor deposition, preferably the layer thickness is 0. Formed at 1 to 15 nm.
- the reducing dopant when forming the reducing dopant in an island shape, after forming the light emitting material or electron injection material, which is an organic layer at the interface, in an island shape, the reducing dopant is vapor-deposited by resistance heating vapor deposition alone, preferably the thickness of the island It is formed with 0.05 to 1 nm.
- the electron transport material used for the electron injection layer is an aromatic heterocycle containing one or more heteroatoms in the molecule.
- Compounds are preferred, and nitrogen-containing ring derivatives are particularly preferred.
- this nitrogen-containing ring derivative for example, a nitrogen-containing ring metal chelate complex represented by the following formula (A) is preferable.
- R 2 to R 7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an amino group, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or a heterocyclic group, May be substituted.
- M is aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), or indium (In), and is preferably indium.
- L 4 in the formula (A) is a group represented by the following formula (A ′) or (A ′′).
- R 8 to R 12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and groups adjacent to each other may form a cyclic structure.
- R 13 to R 27 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and groups adjacent to each other may form a cyclic structure.
- nitrogen-containing ring derivatives include nitrogen-containing compounds that are not metal complexes. Examples thereof include a 5-membered ring or 6-membered ring containing the skeleton shown in (a) and a structure shown in Formula (b).
- X represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom.
- Z 1 and Z 2 each represents an atomic group capable of independently forming a nitrogen-containing heterocycle.
- it is an organic compound having a nitrogen-containing aromatic polycyclic group consisting of a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring. Furthermore, in the case of such a nitrogen-containing aromatic polycyclic group having a plurality of nitrogen atoms, the nitrogen-containing aromatic polycyclic organic compound having a skeleton combining (a) and (b) or (a) and (c) above It is.
- the nitrogen-containing group of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative is selected from, for example, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups represented by the following general formula.
- R 28 is an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is When the integer is 0 to 5 and n is an integer of 2 or more, the plurality of R 28 may be the same or different from each other.
- preferred specific compounds include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives represented by the following formula.
- HAr a is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring optionally 3 carbon atoms which may be ⁇ 40 substituted
- L 6 is a single bond, to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent 40
- Ar b is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent a group
- Ar c is a heteroaryl group aryl or carbon atoms which may have a substituent group 3 to 40 have 6 to carbon atoms, which may 40 have a substituent.
- HAr a is selected from, for example, the following group.
- L 6 is selected from the following group, for example.
- Ar c is exemplarily selected from the following group.
- Ar b is selected from, for example, the following arylanthranyl groups.
- R 29 to R 42 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, An aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
- Ar d is an aryl having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent Or a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms.
- each of R 29 to R 36 is preferably a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative which is a hydrogen atom.
- R 43 to R 46 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic aromatic ring group Represents a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, and X 1 and X 2 each independently represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a dicyanomethylene group.
- R 47 , R 48 , R 49 and R 50 are the same or different groups and are aryl groups represented by the following formulae.
- R 51 , R 52 , R 53 , R 54 and R 55 are the same or different groups, and a hydrogen atom or at least one of them is a saturated or unsaturated alkoxyl group, an alkyl group, an amino group. Or an alkylamino group.) Further, it may be a polymer compound containing the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group or nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative.
- the electron transport layer preferably contains a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative, particularly a nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring derivative.
- a nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring derivative examples include an imidazole ring, a triazole ring, a tetrazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a thiadiazole ring, an oxatriazole ring, and a thiatriazole ring.
- nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring derivative examples include benzimidazole And a ring, a benzotriazole ring, a pyridinoimidazole ring, a pyrimidinoimidazole ring, and a pyridazinoimidazole ring.
- R 56 represents a hydrogen atom, an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- R 58 and R 59 each independently have a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- L 7 is a single bond, an optionally substituted arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted pyridinylene group, an optionally substituted quinolinylene group or a substituted group.
- Ar e is an arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridinylene group which may have a substituent or a substituent.
- An quinolinylene group which may have, Ar f is a hydrogen atom, an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridyl group which may have a substituent, a substituent;
- a quinolyl group which may have a substituent, Have an alkyl group or substituent of 1 to 20 carbon atoms is also an alkoxy group which may having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Ar g has an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridyl group which may have a substituent, a quinolyl group which may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- An optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a group represented by —Ar e —Ar f (Ar e and Ar f Are the same as above.
- an electron-deficient nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring or an electron-deficient nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring skeleton, and a substituted or unsubstituted Examples also include compounds having a structure in which an indole skeleton, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazole skeleton, and a substituted or unsubstituted azacarbazole skeleton are combined.
- Suitable electron-deficient nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring or electron-deficient nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring skeleton includes, for example, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, triazole, oxadiazole, pyrazole, imidazole, quinoxaline, pyrrole skeleton, and Examples thereof include molecular skeletons such as benzimidazole and imidazopyridine in which they are condensed with each other. Among these combinations, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine skeleton, and carbazole, indole, azacarbazole, and quinoxaline skeleton are preferable.
- the aforementioned skeleton may be substituted or unsubstituted.
- the electron injection layer and the electron transport layer may have a single layer structure composed of one or more of the above materials, or may have a multilayer structure composed of a plurality of layers having the same composition or different compositions.
- the material of these layers preferably has a ⁇ -electron deficient nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group.
- an insulator or a semiconductor as an inorganic compound as a constituent of the electron injection layer. If the electron injection layer is made of an insulator or a semiconductor, current leakage can be effectively prevented and the electron injection property can be improved.
- an insulator it is preferable to use at least one metal compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal chalcogenides, alkaline earth metal chalcogenides, alkali metal halides and alkaline earth metal halides. If the electron injection layer is composed of these alkali metal chalcogenides or the like, it is preferable in that the electron injection property can be further improved.
- preferable alkali metal chalcogenides include, for example, Li 2 O, K 2 O, Na 2 S, Na 2 Se, and Na 2 O
- preferable alkaline earth metal chalcogenides include, for example, CaO, BaO, and SrO. , BeO, BaS and CaSe.
- preferable alkali metal halides include, for example, LiF, NaF, KF, LiCl, KCl, and NaCl.
- preferable alkaline earth metal halides include fluorides such as CaF 2 , BaF 2 , SrF 2 , MgF 2 and BeF 2 , and halides other than fluorides.
- the semiconductor for example, an oxide containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Ca, Sr, Yb, Al, Ga, In, Li, Na, Cd, Mg, Si, Ta, Sb, and Zn. Products, nitrides, oxynitrides and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the inorganic compound constituting the electron injection layer is preferably a microcrystalline or amorphous insulating thin film. If the electron injection layer is composed of these insulating thin films, a more uniform thin film is formed, and pixel defects such as dark spots can be reduced.
- the above-mentioned reducing dopant can be preferably contained in the electron injection layer in the present invention.
- the film thickness of the electron injection layer or the electron transport layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 100 nm.
- an aromatic amine compound for example, an aromatic amine derivative represented by the general formula (I) is preferably used.
- Ar 1 to Ar 4 represent a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
- L is a linking group.
- a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, or two or more arylene groups or heteroarylene groups
- aromatic amine of the following general formula (II) is also suitably used for formation of a positive hole injection layer or a positive hole transport layer.
- the definitions of Ar 1 to Ar 3 are the same as the definitions of Ar 1 to Ar 4 in the general formula (I). Since the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention is a compound that transports holes and electrons, it can also be used for a hole injection layer or a transport layer, an electron injection layer, or a transport layer.
- the anode of the organic EL element plays a role of injecting holes into the hole transport layer or the light emitting layer, and it is effective to have a work function of 4.5 eV or more.
- Specific examples of the anode material used in the present invention include indium tin oxide alloy (ITO), tin oxide (NESA), gold, silver, platinum, copper, and the like.
- the cathode is preferably a material having a low work function for the purpose of injecting electrons into the electron injection layer or the light emitting layer.
- the cathode material is not particularly limited, and specifically, indium, aluminum, magnesium, magnesium-indium alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy, aluminum-lithium alloy, aluminum-scandium-lithium alloy, magnesium-silver alloy and the like can be used.
- the method for forming each layer of the organic EL element of the present invention is not particularly limited. Conventionally known methods such as vacuum deposition and spin coating can be used.
- the organic thin film layer containing the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention used in the organic EL device of the present invention is prepared by using a vacuum deposition method, a molecular beam deposition method (MBE method), or the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention as a solvent.
- the dissolved solution can be formed by a known method such as a dipping method, a spin coating method, a casting method, a bar coating method, or a roll coating method.
- each organic layer of the organic EL device of the present invention is not particularly limited. Generally, if the film thickness is too thin, defects such as pinholes are likely to occur. Conversely, if it is too thick, a high applied voltage is required and the efficiency is deteriorated. Therefore, the range of several nm to 1 ⁇ m is usually preferable.
- a method for forming a layer containing the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention (particularly a light emitting layer) for example, a solution comprising the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention and other materials such as a dopant as required is formed. A filming method is preferred.
- a known coating method can be used effectively.
- spin coating method, casting method, micro gravure coating method, gravure coating method, bar coating method, roll coating method, slit coating method, wire bar examples thereof include a coating method, a dip coating method, a spray coating method, a screen printing method, a flexographic printing method, an offset printing method, an ink jet method, and a nozzle printing method.
- a screen printing method, a flexographic printing method, an offset printing method, and an ink jet printing method are preferable. Film formation by these methods can be performed under conditions well known to those skilled in the art.
- heating upper limit 250 ° C.
- drying under vacuum may be performed to remove the solvent, and polymerization reaction by light or high temperature heating exceeding 250 ° C. is unnecessary. Therefore, it is possible to suppress deterioration of the performance of the element due to light or high temperature heating exceeding 250 ° C.
- the film forming solution only needs to contain at least one aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention, and other hole transport materials, electron transport materials, light emitting materials, acceptor materials, solvents, stabilizers, etc.
- An additive may be included.
- the film-forming solution includes additives for adjusting viscosity and / or surface tension, such as thickeners (high molecular weight compounds, poor solvents for the polymer compounds of the present invention), viscosity reducing agents (low molecular weight compounds, etc.). ), A surfactant and the like may be contained.
- you may contain antioxidants which do not influence the performance of organic EL elements, such as a phenolic antioxidant and phosphorus antioxidant.
- the content of the aromatic heterocyclic derivative in the film forming solution is preferably 0.1 to 15% by mass, and more preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass with respect to the entire film forming solution.
- High molecular weight compounds that can be used as thickeners include insulating resins such as polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, polysulfone, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, and cellulose, copolymers thereof, poly Examples thereof include photoconductive resins such as —N-vinylcarbazole and polysilane, and conductive resins such as polythiophene and polypyrrole.
- Examples of the solvent for the film-forming solution include chloro solvents such as chloroform, methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene; tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dioxolane, anisole and the like.
- Ether solvents aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene; cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, n-nonane, n-decane, etc.
- Aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, benzophenone and acetophenone; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, methyl benzoate and phenyl acetate; ethylene Glycol, ethylene glycol Polyhydric alcohols such as butyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, dimethoxyethane, propylene glycol, diethoxymethane, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether, glycerin, 1,2-hexanediol and derivatives thereof; methanol, Examples include alcohol solvents such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, and cyclohexanol; sulfoxide solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide; amide solvents such as
- aromatic hydrocarbon solvents aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, ether solvents, aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents, ester solvents, ketone solvents are preferable from the viewpoints of solubility, film formation uniformity, viscosity characteristics, and the like.
- the organic EL element of this embodiment has a tandem element configuration having at least two light emitting layers or units including a light emitting layer.
- a charge generation layer also referred to as CGL
- an electron transport zone can be provided for each unit.
- the phosphorescent light emitting layer can use the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention and the phosphorescent light emitting material described in the first embodiment.
- the materials described in the first embodiment can be used for the anode, the hole injection / transport layer, the electron injection / transport layer, and the cathode.
- a well-known material can be used as a material of a fluorescence light emitting layer.
- a known material can be used as the material for the charge generation layer.
- the organic EL element of this embodiment includes a plurality of light emitting layers, and has a charge barrier layer between any two light emitting layers of the plurality of light emitting layers.
- Preferred configurations of the organic EL device according to this embodiment include configurations described in Japanese Patent No. 4134280, US Publication No. US2007 / 0273270A1, and International Publication No. WO2008 / 023623A1.
- the charge barrier layer is provided with HOMO level and LUMO level energy barriers between adjacent light emitting layers, thereby adjusting the carrier injection into the light emitting layer, and electrons and holes injected into the light emitting layer. This layer has the purpose of adjusting the carrier balance.
- the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention and the phosphorescent material described in the first embodiment can be used for at least one of the first light emitting layer, the second light emitting layer, and the third light emitting layer. Thereby, the luminous efficiency and element lifetime of an organic EL element can be improved.
- the entire element can emit white light.
- an organic EL element can be suitably used as a surface light source such as an illumination or a backlight.
- the materials described in the first embodiment can be used for the anode, the hole injection / transport layer, the electron injection / transport layer, and the cathode.
- a known material can be used as the material for the charge barrier layer.
- a phosphorescent light emitting layer was obtained by co-evaporating Compound H-1 as a phosphorescent host material and Ir (Ph-ppy) 3 as a phosphorescent dopant at a thickness of 40 nm.
- the concentration of Ir (Ph-ppy) 3 was 10% by mass.
- a compound C having a thickness of 30 nm, LiF having a thickness of 1 nm, and metal Al having a thickness of 80 nm were sequentially laminated on the phosphorescent light emitting layer to obtain a cathode. Note that LiF, which is an electron injecting electrode, was formed at a rate of 1 ⁇ / min.
- Examples 2 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the phosphorescent host material was changed from Compound H-1 to Compounds H-2 to H-6 and Compounds D to G shown below, Examples 2 to 6 were used. The organic EL elements of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were prepared and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- intermediate B (2.41 g, 8.4 mmol), intermediate C (1.71 g, 7.0 mmol), dichloro (diphenylphosphinoferrocene) palladium-methylene chloride complex (0.057 g, 0.07 mmol) ), 1,4-dioxane (21 mL), 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (10.5 mL) were sequentially added, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 4 hours. After cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, the precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with 1,4-dioxane and water, and dried under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain intermediate D (2.29 g, yield 81%).
- intermediate D (2.04 g, 5.0 mmol)
- intermediate E (0.56 g, 2.5 mmol)
- tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium 0.092 g, 0.10 mmol)
- tri- t-Butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate (0.116 g, 0.40 mmol)
- t-butoxy sodium (0.67 g, 7.0 mmol
- anhydrous toluene 25 mL
- intermediate B (2.41 g, 8.4 mmol), intermediate F (1.71 g, 7.0 mmol), dichloro (diphenylphosphinoferrocene) palladium-methylene chloride complex (0.057 g, 0.07 mmol) ), 1,4-dioxane (21 mL), 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (10.5 mL) were sequentially added, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 4 hours. After cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, the precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with 1,4-dioxane and water, and dried under reduced pressure.
- intermediate A (1.67 g, 5.0 mmol), intermediate E (0.56 g, 2.5 mmol), tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0.092 g, 0.10 mmol), tri- t-Butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate (0.116 g, 0.40 mmol), t-butoxy sodium (0.67 g, 7.0 mmol), and anhydrous toluene (25 mL) were sequentially added, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 8 hours.
- intermediate G (12.25 g, 30 mmol), intermediate E (6.75 g, 30 mmol), tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0.275 g, 0.30 mmol), tri-t-butylphosphonium Tetrafluoroborate (0.348 g, 1.20 mmol), sodium t-butoxy (4.04 g, 42 mmol), and anhydrous toluene (150 mL) were sequentially added, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 8 hours. After cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, the organic layer was separated, and the organic solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- intermediate G (2.57 g, 6.3 mmol)
- intermediate K (1.40 g, 3.0 mmol)
- tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium 0.055 g, 0.06 mmol
- tri- t-Butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate 0.070 g, 0.24 mmol
- t-butoxy sodium 0.87 g, 9.0 mmol
- anhydrous toluene 60 mL
- PEDOT Preparation of PSS coated substrate
- a PEDOT: PSS dispersion was prepared by mixing a PEDOT: PSS aqueous dispersion (Clevious AI4083 manufactured by HC Starck) with water and isopropyl alcohol at a ratio of 5: 3: 2.
- the 25 mm x 25 mm x 0.7 mm ITO substrate (made by Geomattech) on which the electrode wiring pattern was formed was subjected to ultrasonic cleaning for 5 minutes in isopropyl alcohol, and then UV (Ultraviolet) ozone cleaning for 30 minutes.
- the previous PEDO: PSS dispersion was applied to form a film by spin coating so that the film thickness was 40 nm.
- the extraction electrode portion was wiped with water, and then baked in the atmosphere at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes to prepare a PEDOT: PSS coated substrate.
- the extraction electrode portion was wiped off with toluene, and then heated and dried on a hot plate at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes. Preparation of the solution and film formation of the organic EL light emitting layer were all carried out in a glove box under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the substrate on which the organic EL light emitting layer was formed was mounted on a substrate holder of a vacuum evaporation apparatus, and a compound C was formed as an electron transporting material at a deposition rate of 1 nm / second to a thickness of 20 nm. Then, 1 nm of lithium fluoride (LiF) was deposited at a deposition rate of 0.1 ⁇ / sec, and 150 nm of aluminum (Al) was deposited at 3 ⁇ / sec.
- LiF lithium fluoride
- Al aluminum
- the organic EL device manufactured above is caused to emit light by direct current drive, and the voltage (V) and light emission efficiency (cd / A) at a current density of 1 mA / cm 2 and the lifetime in which the luminance is reduced to 90% (LT90, initial luminance) 5200 cd / m 2 ) was measured.
- the measurement results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 7 the organic EL elements of Examples 8 to 20 were fabricated and evaluated in the same manner as Example 7 except that the phosphorescent host material was changed from Compound H-1 to Compounds H-2 to H14. .
- the synthesis method is shown below. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Examples 5-8 With respect to the compounds D to G, preparation of the solution and film formation were attempted by the same method as the preparation of the organic EL element material solution and the formation of the organic EL light emitting layer described in Example 7. As a result, it becomes a cloudy state without dissolving, or even if it is temporarily dissolved, the material is deposited immediately, or microcrystals are formed during film formation and a uniform film cannot be formed, etc. An organic EL light emitting layer capable of obtaining uniform light emission was not obtained.
- Benzaldehyde (2.12 g, 20 mmol) and 3-bromobenzamidine hydrochloride (9.42 g, 40 mmol) are dissolved in ethanol (120 mL), potassium hydroxide (4.48 g, 80 mmol) is added, and the mixture is heated under reflux for 8 hours. Reacted. Ethanol was evaporated under reduced pressure, the residue was dissolved in methylene chloride, washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride, the organic layer was separated, and the organic solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure.
- intermediate D (2.57 g, 6.3 mmol), intermediate L (1.40 g, 3.0 mmol), tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0.055 g, 0.06 mmol), tri- t-Butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate (0.070 g, 0.24 mmol), t-butoxy sodium (0.87 g, 9.0 mmol) and anhydrous toluene (60 mL) were sequentially added, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 16 hours.
- intermediate M (6.75 g, yield 72%). It was. Under an argon atmosphere, intermediate D (2.57 g, 6.3 mmol), intermediate M (1.40 g, 3.0 mmol), tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0.055 g, 0.06 mmol), tri- t-Butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate (0.070 g, 0.24 mmol), t-butoxy sodium (0.87 g, 9.0 mmol) and anhydrous toluene (60 mL) were sequentially added, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 16 hours.
- intermediate G (2.57 g, 6.3 mmol)
- intermediate N (1.40 g, 3.0 mmol)
- tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium 0.055 g, 0.06 mmol
- tri- t-Butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate 0.070 g, 0.24 mmol
- t-butoxy sodium 0.87 g, 9.0 mmol
- anhydrous toluene 60 mL
- intermediate E (4.50 g, 20 mmol), 4-chlorophenylboronic acid (3.13 g, 20 mmol), dichloro (bistriphenylphosphine) palladium complex (0.351 g, 0.5 mmol), 1,4- Dioxane (80 mL) and 2M aqueous potassium carbonate solution (40 mL) were sequentially added, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 8 hours.
- the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, diluted with toluene, washed with water, and dried under reduced pressure.
- the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain intermediate P (4.03 g, yield 67%).
- intermediate G (2.57 g, 6.3 mmol), intermediate P (0.90 g, 3.0 mmol), tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0.055 g, 0.06 mmol), tri- t-Butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate (0.070 g, 0.24 mmol), t-butoxy sodium (0.87 g, 9.0 mmol), and anhydrous toluene (60 mL) were sequentially added, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 10 hours.
- intermediate D (2.57 g, 6.3 mmol), 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine (0.367 g, 2.0 mmol), tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0.055 g, .0. 06 mmol), tri-t-butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate (0.070 g, 0.24 mmol), sodium t-butoxy (0.87 g, 9.0 mmol), and anhydrous toluene (60 mL) in that order, and heated to reflux for 16 hours did.
- intermediate G (2.57 g, 6.3 mmol)
- intermediate Q (1.09 g, 2.0 mmol)
- tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium 0.055 g, 0.06 mmol
- tri- t-Butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate 0.070 g, 0.24 mmol
- t-butoxy sodium 0.87 g, 9.0 mmol
- anhydrous toluene 60 mL
- Example 21 Dehydrated 1,4-dioxane was used as a solvent, 1 wt% of H-2 as a host, and Ir (nBuPPy) 3 as a dopant were added at 5, 10, and 20 wt% with respect to the host, and each concentration was adjusted. A solution was prepared. Next, spin coating (500 rpm ⁇ 3 seconds, then 3000 rpm ⁇ 60 seconds) was performed on a quartz substrate (25 ⁇ 25 ⁇ 1 mm), air-dried, and then heat-dried on a hot plate at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes. All operations were performed in a glove box under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- FIG. 1 shows the fluorescence spectrum of a thin film produced using only H-2 used as a host
- FIG. 3 shows the fluorescence spectrum of a thin film produced using only Ir (nBuPPy) 3 used as a dopant.
- FIG. 4 shows a fluorescence spectrum of a thin film prepared by using H-2 as a host and adding each concentration of Ir (nBuPPy) 3 as a dopant.
- Example 22 A solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the host was changed to H-3, a thin film was prepared, and the fluorescence spectrum and quantum yield were measured. The results are shown in Table 3.
- FIG. 2 shows a fluorescence spectrum of a thin film produced using only H-3 used as a host.
- FIG. 5 shows a fluorescence spectrum of a thin film prepared by using H-3 as a host and adding each concentration of Ir (nBuPPy) 3 as a dopant.
- the spectrum of the thin film formed by mixing the host and the dopant is attributed to the dopant, and the energy transfer from the host to the dopant is appropriately performed. It is shown. Therefore, it was shown that the host material developed by this invention is useful as a material applied to the application
- the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention is useful as a material for an organic electroluminescence device.
- the aromatic heterocyclic derivative of the present invention that is soluble and suitable for the coating process is useful as a material solution for an organic electroluminescence device.
Abstract
Description
ドーピング法で形成した発光層では、ホストに注入された電荷から効率よく励起子を生成することができる。そして、生成された励起子の励起子エネルギーをドーパントに移動させ、ドーパントから高効率の発光を得ることができる。
1.下記式(1)-1又は(1)-2で表される芳香族複素環誘導体。
Aは、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の含窒素複素環基であり、
Bは、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の芳香族複素環基であり、
nは、2以上の整数である。
Czは、それぞれ独立に、下記式(2)又は(3)で表される芳香族複素環基である。式(1)-1において、n個のCzは、それぞれ独立に、Aのいずれに結合してもよく、Aが置換基を有する場合、その置換基のいずれの位置に結合してもよい。式(1)-2において、n個のCzは、それぞれ独立に、AまたはBのいずれに結合してもよく、AまたはBが置換基を有する場合、その置換基のいずれの位置に結合してもよい。
*は、A又はBとの結合位置を示す。
Z1及びZ2は、互いに独立して、芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環、又は脂肪族環を形成するのに必要な原子群であり、炭素原子、窒素原子、酸素原子及びイオウ原子からなる群から選ばれる原子から構成される。
Z3は、単結合又は2価の連結基を示す。
Xは、式(2)においては窒素原子、式(3)においては窒素原子、酸素原子又はイオウ原子である。
Xを含んで構成される環は、X以外に炭素原子、窒素原子、酸素原子及びイオウ原子からなる群から選ばれる環を形成するのに必要な原子から構成される。
Z1により形成される環は、芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環又は脂肪族環であり、形成される芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環又は脂肪族環と、Xを含んで構成される環は、各々の環を形成している2個の炭素原子を共有している。また、Z2により形成される環は、芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環又は脂肪族環であり、Z2により形成される芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環又は脂肪族環と、Xを含んで構成される環は、各々の環を形成している2個の炭素原子を共有している。
Y1,Y2,Y3及びY4は、互いに独立して、
水素原子、重水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキル基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルコキシ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のハロアルキル基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のハロアルコキシ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~10の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキルシリル基、
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリールシリル基、
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基、
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の芳香族複素環基
からなる群から選ばれる。
但し、式(3)において、Xが酸素原子又はイオウ原子である場合、Y1は存在しない。
a,b及びcは、互いに独立して、0又は1以上の整数である。
Y2、Y3及びY4が2以上の場合、隣接するY2、Y3及びY4は、それぞれ互いに結合して、置換若しくは無置換の飽和又は不飽和の環状構造を形成してもよい。)
但し、以下の芳香族複素環誘導体は除かれる。
2.前記式(2)又は(3)で表される芳香族複素環基が、置換若しくは無置換のカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のアザカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のベンズカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のヒドロカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のアクリジニル基、置換若しくは無置換のインドリル基及び置換若しくは無置換のキサンテニル基からなる群から選択される1に記載の芳香族複素環誘導体。
3.前記式(2)又は(3)で表される芳香族複素環基におけるY2及びY3が、互いに独立して、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の芳香族複素環基である1又は2に記載の芳香族複素環誘導体。
4.前記式(2)又は(3)で表される芳香族複素環基におけるY2及びY3が、互いに独立して、置換若しくは無置換のカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のN-フェニルカルバゾリル基及び置換若しくは無置換のジベンゾフラニル基からなる群から選択される3に記載の芳香族複素環誘導体。
5.nが2又は3である1~4のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体。
6.Aが、置換若しくは無置換のピリジン環、置換若しくは無置換のピリミジン環、置換若しくは無置換のトリアジン環、置換若しくは無置換のキノリン環、置換若しくは無置換のイソキノリン環、置換若しくは無置換のキノキサリン環又は置換若しくは無置換のキナゾリン環から誘導されるn価の基からなる群から選ばれる1~5のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体。
7.1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体を含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
8.1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体を溶媒に溶解してなる有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料溶液。
9.陰極と陽極の間に発光層を含む複数の有機薄膜層を有し、前記有機薄膜層のうち少なくとも1層が1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体を含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
10.前記発光層が、1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体をホスト材料として含む9に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
11.前記発光層が、燐光発光材料を含有する9又は10に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
12.前記燐光発光材料が、イリジウム(Ir),オスミウム(Os)及び白金(Pt)からなる群から選択される金属原子のオルトメタル化錯体である11に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
13.前記陰極と前記発光層の間に電子注入層を有し、該電子注入層が含窒素環誘導体を含む9~12のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
14.前記陰極と前記発光層の間に電子輸送層を有し、該電子輸送層が、1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体を含む9~13のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
15.前記陽極と前記発光層の間に正孔輸送層を有し、該正孔輸送層が、1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体を含む9~14のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
16.前記陰極と前記有機薄膜層との界面領域に、還元性ドーパントが添加されてなる9~15のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
また、可溶性の芳香族複素環誘導体については、蒸着による製膜が不可能な材料(例えば、分子量の大きな化合物、オリゴマー的な材料)についても、溶液を用いた製膜技術により、有機EL素子を作成することができる。
Aは、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の含窒素複素環基であり、
Bは、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の芳香族複素環基であり、
nは、2以上の整数であり、2又は3であることが好ましく、2であることがより好ましい。
Czは、それぞれ独立に、下記式(2)又は(3)で表される芳香族複素環基である。式(1)-1において、n個のCzは、それぞれ独立に、Aのいずれに結合してもよく、Aが置換基を有する場合、その置換基のいずれの位置に結合してもよい。置換基を複数有する場合、n個のCzは、それぞれ独立に、いずれの置換基に結合してもよい。この場合、これらの置換基のいずれの位置でもよい。式(1)-2において、n個のCzは、それぞれ独立に、AまたはBのいずれに結合してもよい。その場合、AまたはBにおけるいずれの位置でもよい。また、AまたはBが置換基を有する場合、その置換基のいずれの位置に結合してもよい。AまたはBが置換基を複数有する場合、n個のCzは、それぞれ独立に、いずれの置換基に結合してもよい。この場合、これらの置換基のいずれの位置でもよい。
*は、A又はBとの結合位置を示し、式(3)におけるA又はBとの結合位置は、Z1を含む環、Xを含む環又はZ2を含む環のいずれであってもよい。
尚、本明細書中において、芳香族炭化水素基及び芳香族複素環基には、縮合芳香族炭化水素基及び縮合芳香族複素環基を含む。また、単環と縮合環が単結合で結合したものも含む。
Xは、式(2)においては窒素原子、式(3)においては窒素原子、酸素原子又はイオウ原子である。
Xを含んで構成される環は、X以外に炭素原子、窒素原子、酸素原子及びイオウ原子からなる群から選ばれる、芳香族複素環を形成するのに必要な原子から構成される。
Z1により形成される芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環又は脂肪族環と、Xを含んで構成される芳香族複素環は、各々の環を形成している2個の炭素原子を共有しており、また、Z2により形成される芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環又は脂肪族環と、Xを含んで構成される芳香族複素環は、各々の環を形成している2個の炭素原子を共有している。
水素原子、重水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキル基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルコキシ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のハロアルキル基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のハロアルコキシ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~10の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキルシリル基、
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリールシリル基、
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基、
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の芳香族複素環基からなる群から選ばれる。
これらのうち、好ましくは、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の芳香族複素環基である。さらに好ましいものは、置換若しくは無置換のフェニル基、置換若しくは無置換のビフェニル基、置換若しくは無置換のターフェニル基、置換若しくは無置換のナフチル基、置換若しくは無置換のフルオレニル基、置換若しくは無置換のカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のジベンゾフラニル基、置換若しくは無置換のジベンゾチオフェニル基である。とりわけ、置換若しくは無置換のN-フェニル置換カルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のカルバゾリル基が好ましい。
a,b及びcは、互いに独立して、0又は1以上の整数である。
Y2、Y3及びY4が2以上の場合、隣接するY2、Y3及びY4は、それぞれ互いに結合して、置換若しくは無置換の飽和又は不飽和の環状構造を形成してもよい。
(1)A:置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の含窒素複素環基
置換若しくは無置換の、ピロール環、ピラゾール環、イミダゾール環、トリアゾール環、ピリジン環、ピリミジン環、ピリダジン環、ピラジン環、トリアジン環、インドール環、インダゾール環、ベンズイミダゾール環、キノリン環、イソキノリン環、フタラジン環、ナフチリジン環、シンノリン環、キノキサリン環、キナゾリン環、イミダゾピリジン環等から選ばれる含窒素芳香族環から誘導されるn価の基が好ましい。さらには、置換若しくは無置換の、ピリジン環、ピリミジン環、トリアジン環、キノリン環、イソキノリン環、キノキサリン環、フタラジン環、又はキナゾリン環から誘導されるn価の基が好ましく、特に、置換若しくは無置換のピリミジン環又はトリアジン環から誘導されるn価の基が好ましい。
ここでYは置換基を表す。置換基の例は後述する。また、Yは複数であってもよく、Yが複数ある場合は、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。後述する置換基の例の中でもYとして好ましいのは、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基、特に好ましいものは置換若しくは無置換のフェニル基、置換若しくは無置換のビフェニル基、置換若しくは無置換のターフェニル基、置換若しくは無置換のナフチル基、置換若しくは無置換のフルオレニル基であり、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の芳香族複素環基、特に好ましいものは置換若しくは無置換のカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のジベンゾフラニル基である。
尚、CzがAと結合する場合、Aの基のいずれの位置でもよいが、以下の式において、*で示す位置が好ましい。
環形成炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基としては、例えば、ベンゼン、ナフタレン、ビフェニル、ターフェニル、フルオレン、フェナントレン、トリフェニレン、ペリレン、クリセン、フルオランテン、ベンゾフルオレン、ベンゾトリフェニレン、ベンゾクリセン、アントラセン等の芳香族炭化水素から誘導される基が挙げられ、ベンゼン、ナフタレン、ビフェニル、ターフェニル、フルオレン、フェナントレンから誘導される基が好ましい。
尚、CzがBと結合する場合、Bの基のいずれの位置でもよい。
(3)Cz:前記式(2)又は(3)で表される芳香族複素環基
具体的には、例えば、以下のi)~vii)の基が好ましく挙げられる。
i)カルバゾリル誘導体基
下記式(4)~(6)で表される基が好ましい。
尚、以下の式中、*は、A又はBとの結合位置を表す。
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキル基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルコキシ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のハロアルキル基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のハロアルコキシ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~10の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキルシリル基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数6~30のアリールシリル基、
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基、及び
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~10の芳香族複素環基からなる群から選択される原子又は基を表す。
これらY2及びY3が式(4)に結合する位置については、Y2及びY3におけるいずれの位置であってもよい。
無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキレン基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキレンオキシ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のハロアルキレン基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のハロアルコキシレン基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~10の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキルシリレン基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数6~30のアリールシリレン基、
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基、及び
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~10の芳香族複素環基からなる群から選択される基が挙げられる。
これらのうち、特に好ましいものは、置換若しくは無置換のフェニレン基、置換若しくは無置換のビフェニレン基、置換若しくは無置換のターフェニレン基、置換若しくは無置換のナフチレン基、置換若しくは無置換のフルオレニレン基である。
a及びbは、互いに独立して、0又は1以上の整数であるが、0又は1が好ましい。
Y5は、式(4)に示したY2及びY3と同様である。Y5が式(6)のフェニル基に結合する位置については、Y5におけるいずれの位置であってもよい。
式(4)~(6)において、a及びbは、互いに独立して、0~4の整数であり、dは、0~5の整数である。
また、上記のアザカルバゾリル誘導体基は、いずれかの炭素原子又は窒素原子上に後述する置換基を有していてもよい。
また、上記のベンズカルバゾリル誘導体基は、いずれかの炭素原子又は窒素原子上に後述する置換基を有していてもよい。
また、上記のヒドロカルバゾリル誘導体基は、いずれかの炭素原子又は窒素原子上に後述する置換基を有していてもよい。
上記式中、Y2及びY3は互いに独立して、式(4)に示した通りである。
また、上記のヒドロカルバゾリル誘導体基は、いずれかの炭素原子又は窒素原子上に後述する置換基を有していてもよい。
また、上記のヒドロカルバゾリル誘導体基は、いずれかの炭素原子又は窒素原子上に後述する置換基を有していてもよい。
上記式中、Y2及びY3は互いに独立して、式(4)に示した通りである。
また、上記のキサンテニル誘導体基は、いずれかの炭素原子上に後述する置換基を有していてもよい。
前記炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、s-ブチル基、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基、n-ペンチル基、n-ヘキシル基、n-ヘプチル基、n-オクチル基、n-ノニル基、n-デシル基、n-ウンデシル基、n-ドデシル基、n-トリデシル基、n-テトラデシル基、n-ペンタデシル基、n-ヘキサデシル基、n-ヘプタデシル基、n-オクタデシル基、ネオペンチル基、1-メチルペンチル基、2-メチルペンチル基、1-ペンチルヘキシル基、1-ブチルペンチル基、1-ヘプチルオクチル基、3-メチルペンチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロオクチル基、3,5-テトラメチルシクロヘキシル基等が挙げられる。
本明細書において、「置換又は無置換の」という場合、又は「置換基」という場合における置換基としては、上記、「各基の説明」に記載した基が挙げられる。置換基が各基に結合する位置については問わない。即ち、各基のいずれの位置において、置換基のいずれの位置が結合してもよい。
本発明の芳香族複素環誘導体の製造方法は、特に限定されない。一般的に行われるハロゲン化合物とカルバゾールのウルマン反応やブッフバルト反応、さらには、カルバゾールの水素を水素化ナトリウム(NaH)や炭酸カリウムなどの塩基で引き抜き、塩を生成させてから、ハロゲン化合物を反応させる方法等を用いることができる。
i)式(1)で表わされる芳香族複素環誘導体のうち、以下の化合物
ここでQ1は、置換基を示す。特に、置換基(特にカルバゾリル基)を有するフェニル基、置換基を有するフルオレニル基、置換基(特にカルバゾリル基、フェニル基及び/又はピリジル基)を有するピリジル基又はカルバゾリル基である。
ここでQ2は、水素原子又は置換基を示す。特に、置換基(特にフェニル基)を有するピリミジル基である。
本発明の有機EL素子用材料は、前述した本発明の芳香族複素環誘導体を含むことを特徴とする。
本発明の有機EL素子用材料溶液は、本発明の芳香族複素環誘導体を溶媒に溶解してなることを特徴とする。
本発明の有機EL素子は、陰極と陽極の間に発光層を含む複数の有機薄膜層を有し、前記有機薄膜層のうちの少なくとも1層が本発明の芳香族複素環誘導体を含むことを特徴とする。
多層型の有機EL素子の構造としては、例えば、
(1)陽極/正孔輸送層(正孔注入層)/発光層/陰極
(2)陽極/発光層/電子輸送層(電子注入層)/陰極
(3)陽極/正孔輸送層(正孔注入層)/発光層/電子輸送層(電子注入層)/陰極
(4)陽極/正孔輸送層(正孔注入層)/発光層/正孔障壁層/電子輸送層(電子注入層)/陰極
等の多層構成で積層したものが挙げられる。
この含窒素環誘導体としては、例えば、下記式(A)で表される含窒素環金属キレート錯体が好ましい。
Mは、アルミニウム(Al)、ガリウム(Ga)又はインジウム(In)であり、インジウムであることが好ましい。
式(A)のL4は、下記式(A’)又は(A’’)で表される基である。
HAraは、例えば、下記の群から選択される。
また、上記式で表されるArbにおいて、R29~R36は、いずれも水素原子である含窒素複素環誘導体が好ましい。
さらに、該含窒素複素環基若しくは含窒素複素環誘導体を含む高分子化合物であってもよい。
具体的には、下記一般式(201)~(203)で表される含窒素複素環誘導体の少なくともいずれか1つを含有することが好ましい。
また、本発明における電子注入層には、前述の還元性ドーパントを好ましく含有させることができる。
尚、電子注入層又は電子輸送層の膜厚は、特に限定されないが、好ましくは、1~100nmである。
Lは連結基である。具体的には置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリーレン基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50のヘテロアリーレン基、又は、2個以上のアリーレン基若しくはヘテロアリーレン基を単結合、エーテル結合、チオエーテル結合、炭素数1~20のアルキレン基、炭素数2~20のアルケニレン基、アミノ基で結合して得られる2価の基である。
本発明の芳香族複素環誘導体は、正孔及び電子を輸送する化合物であるため、正孔注入層又は輸送層、電子注入層又は輸送層にも用いることができる。
本発明の芳香族複素環誘導体を含有する層(特に発光層)を形成する方法としては、例えば、本発明の芳香族複素環誘導体及び必要に応じてドーパント等のその他の材料からなる溶液を成膜する方法が好ましい。
成膜後は、真空下に加熱(上限250℃)乾燥して、溶媒を除去すればよく、光や250℃を超える高温加熱による重合反応は不要である。従って、光や250℃を超える高温加熱による素子の性能劣化の抑制が可能である。
成膜用溶液は、粘度及び/又は表面張力を調節するための添加剤、例えば、増粘剤(高分子量化合物、本発明の高分子化合物の貧溶媒等)、粘度降下剤(低分子量化合物等)、界面活性剤等を含有していてもよい。また、保存安定性を改善するために、フェノール系酸化防止剤、リン系酸化防止剤等、有機EL素子の性能に影響しない酸化防止剤を含有していてもよい。
上記成膜用溶液中の芳香族複素環誘導体の含有量は、成膜用溶液全体に対して0.1~15質量%が好ましく、0.5~10質量%がより好ましい。
本実施形態の有機EL素子は、発光層又は発光層を含むユニットを少なくとも2つ有するタンデム素子構成を有する。
このような有機EL素子では、例えば、2つのユニット間に電荷発生層(CGLとも呼ぶ)を介在させ、ユニット毎に電子輸送帯域を設けることができる。
(11)陽極/正孔注入・輸送層/燐光発光層/電荷発生層/蛍光発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極
(12)陽極/正孔注入・輸送層/蛍光発光層/電子注入・輸送層/電荷発生層/燐光発光層/陰極
本実施形態の有機EL素子は、複数の発光層を備え、複数の発光層のいずれか2つの発光層の間に電荷障壁層を有する。本実施形態にかかる好適な有機EL素子の構成として、特許第4134280号公報、米国公開特許公報US2007/0273270A1、国際公開公報WO2008/023623A1に記載されているような構成が挙げられる。
(21)陽極/正孔注入・輸送層/第1発光層/電荷障壁層/第2発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極
(22)陽極/正孔注入・輸送層/第1発光層/電荷障壁層/第2発光層/第3発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極
また、電荷障壁層の材料としては、公知の材料を用いることができる。
次に、アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体A4.40g(13.2mmol)、55wt%NaH(in oil)0.691g(約15.8mmol)を脱水ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)30mLに溶解した。次に、脱水DMF30mLに2,4-ジクロロピリミジン0.596g(4.00mmol)を溶解し、ゆっくりと滴下し、3時間撹拌、反応した。反応終了後、反応液にイオン交換水を添加し、析出物をろ取し、酢酸エチルにて加熱、洗浄を行い白色粉末H-1、2.22g(収率75%)を得た。
ionization-Mass Spectrometry)の分析結果を以下に示す。
HPLC:純度99.9%
FD-MS:calcd for C52H30N4O2=743
found m/z=743(M+,100)
25mm×75mm×1.1mmのITO透明電極付きガラス基板(ジオマティック社製)に、イソプロピルアルコール中にて5分間の超音波洗浄を施し、さらに、30分間のUV(Ultraviolet)オゾン洗浄を施した。
このようにして洗浄した透明電極付きガラス基板を、真空蒸着装置の基板ホルダーに装着し、まず、ガラス基板の透明電極ラインが形成されている側の面上に、透明電極を覆うようにして、化合物Aを厚さ40nmで蒸着し、正孔注入層を得た。次いで、この膜上に、化合物Bを厚さ20nmで蒸着し、正孔輸送層を得た。
この正孔輸送層上に、燐光用ホスト材料である化合物H-1と燐光用ドーパントであるIr(Ph-ppy)3とを厚さ40nmで共蒸着し、燐光発光層を得た。Ir(Ph-ppy)3の濃度は、10質量%であった。
続いて、この燐光発光層上に、厚さ30nmの化合物C、厚さ1nmのLiF、厚さ80nmの金属Alを順次積層し、陰極を得た。尚、電子注入性電極であるLiFについては、1Å/minの速度で形成した。
作製した有機EL素子を、直流電流駆動により発光させ、電流密度1mA/cm2における電圧(V)及び発光効率(cd/A)、並びに輝度が90%まで減少する寿命(LT90、初期輝度5200cd/m2)を測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、燐光用ホスト材料を化合物H-1から下記に示す化合物H-2~H-6及び化合物D~Gに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、実施例2~6及び比較例1~4の有機EL素子を作製し評価した。結果を表1に示す。
室温まで反応液を冷却した後、析出した固体を濾取し、1,4-ジオキサン及び水で洗浄し、減圧乾燥した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにて精製し、中間体D(2.29g,収率81%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体D(2.04g、5.0mmol)、中間体E(0.56g、2.5mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0.092g、0.10mmol)、トリ-t-ブチルホスホニウムテトラフルオロほう酸塩(0.116g、0.40mmol)、t-ブトキシナトリウム(0.67g、7.0mmol)、無水トルエン(25mL)を順次加えて8時間加熱還流した。
HPLC:純度99.9%
FD-MS:calcd for C70H44N6=969、
found m/z=969(M+,100)
室温まで反応液を冷却した後、析出した固体を濾取し、1,4-ジオキサン及び水で洗浄し、減圧乾燥した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにて精製し、中間体G(2.49g,収率86%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体G(2.04g、5.0mmol)、中間体E(0.56g、2.5mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0.092g、0.10mmol)、トリ-t-ブチルホスホニウムテトラフルオロほう酸塩(0.116g、0.40mmol)、t-ブトキシナトリウム(0.67g、7.0mmol)、無水トルエン(25mL)を順次加えて8時間加熱還流した。
HPLC:純度99.9%
FD-MS:calcd for C70H44N6=969、
found m/z=969(M+,100)
HPLC:純度99.9%
FD-MS:calcd for C70H44N6=819、
found m/z=819(M+,100)
室温まで反応液を冷却した後、析出した固体を濾取し、1,4-ジオキサン及び水で洗浄し、減圧乾燥した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにて精製し、中間体I(3.27g,収率80%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体I(3.35g、8.2mmol)、中間体E(0.90g、4.0mmol)、炭酸カリウム(1.16g、8.4mmol)を無水ジメチルホルムアミド(60mL)に加え、120℃に加熱して16時間攪拌した。
HPLC:純度99.7%
FD-MS:calcd for C70H44N6=969、
found m/z=969(M+,100)
アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体J(1.79g、3.0mmol)、中間体D(1.29g、3.15mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0.027g、0.03mmol)、トリ-t-ブチルホスホニウムテトラフルオロほう酸塩(0.035g、0.12mmol)、t-ブトキシナトリウム(0.43g、4.5mmol)、無水トルエン(60mL)を順次加えて16時間加熱還流した。
HPLC:純度99.3%
FD-MS:calcd for C70H44N6=969、
found m/z=969(M+,100)
アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体G(2.57g、6.3mmol)、中間体K(1.40g、3.0mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0.055g、0.06mmol)、トリ-t-ブチルホスホニウムテトラフルオロほう酸塩(0.070g、0.24mmol)、t-ブトキシナトリウム(0.87g、9.0mmol)、無水トルエン(60mL)を順次加えて12時間加熱還流した。
HPLC:純度99.4%
FD-MS:calcd for C82H52N6=1121、
found m/z=1121(M+,100)
PEDOT:PSS水分散液(H.C.Starck社製CleviousAI4083)と水、イソプロピルアルコールを、5:3:2の比率で混合しPEDOT:PSS分散液を調製した。電極配線パターンを形成した25mm×25mm×0.7mmのITO基板(ジオマッテック社製)を、イソプロピルアルコール中にて5分間の超音波洗浄を施し、さらに、30分間のUV(Ultraviolet)オゾン洗浄を施した後、スピンコート法により膜厚が40nmになるように、先のPEDO:PSS分散液を塗布成膜した。塗布成膜後、取り出し電極部分を水でふき取り、その後、大気中、200℃で30分間焼成し、PEDOT:PSS塗布基板を作成した。
溶媒として蒸留精製した脱水トルエンを用い、ホストとしてH-1、ドーパントとしてIr(nBuPPy)3を、ホストに対して20重量%になるように添加し、90℃の加熱撹拌により、総固形分比が2.5wt%の溶液を調製した。次いで、本溶液を用い、先のPEDOT:PSS塗布基板上にスピンコート法(500rpm×3秒、次いで3000rpm×60秒)により有機EL発光層を成膜した。有機EL発光層を成膜した後、取り出し電極部分をトルエンでふき取り、その後、100℃で30分間ホットプレート上にて加熱乾燥した。溶液の調製、及び、有機EL発光層の成膜は、全てグローブボックス中、窒素雰囲気下で実施した。
有機EL発光層を成膜した基板を、真空蒸着装置の基板ホルダーに装着し、電子輸送材料として化合物Cを、蒸着速度1Å/秒で20nm成膜した。その後、フッ化リチウム(LiF)を、蒸着速度0.1Å/秒で1nm成膜し、アルミニウム(Al)を3Å/秒で150nm成膜した。
上記で作製した有機EL素子を、直流電流駆動により発光させ、電流密度1mA/cm2における電圧(V)及び発光効率(cd/A)、並びに輝度が90%まで減少する寿命(LT90、初期輝度5200cd/m2)を測定した。測定結果を表2に示す。
実施例7において、燐光用ホスト材料を、化合物H-1から化合物H-2~H14に変更した以外は、実施例7と同様にして、実施例8~20の有機EL素子を作製し評価した。化合物H-8~H-14については、合成法を以下に示す。また結果を表2に示す。
化合物D~化合物Gについて、実施例7に記載の有機EL素子用材料溶液の調製と有機EL発光層の形成と同様の方法により、溶液の調製と成膜を試みた。その結果、溶解せずに白濁した状態となる、または、一時的に溶解したとしてもすぐに材料の析出が生じる、または、成膜時に微結晶が形成し均一な膜が形成できない、などにより、均一な発光が得られる有機EL発光層が得られなかった。
残渣をアセトン100mLに溶解し、室温で攪拌しながらDDQ(2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノ-p-ベンゾキノン)(4.54g、20mmol)を少しずつ添加し、その後さらに1時間攪拌した。不溶物を濾過して除き、有機溶媒を減圧下留去した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにて精製し、目的とする中間体L(5.79g、収率62%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体D(2.57g、6.3mmol)、中間体L(1.40g、3.0mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0.055g、0.06mmol)、トリ-t-ブチルホスホニウムテトラフルオロほう酸塩(0.070g、0.24mmol)、t-ブトキシナトリウム(0.87g、9.0mmol)、無水トルエン(60mL)を順次加えて16時間加熱還流した。
HPLC:純度99.2%
FD-MS:calcd for C82H51N7=1122、
found m/z=1122(M+,100)
アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体D(2.57g、6.3mmol)、中間体M(1.40g、3.0mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0.055g、0.06mmol)、トリ-t-ブチルホスホニウムテトラフルオロほう酸塩(0.070g、0.24mmol)、t-ブトキシナトリウム(0.87g、9.0mmol)、無水トルエン(60mL)を順次加えて16時間加熱還流した。
HPLC:純度99.6%
FD-MS:calcd for C82H52N6=1121、
found m/z=1121(M+,100)
アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体G(2.57g、6.3mmol)、中間体N(1.40g、3.0mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0.055g、0.06mmol)、トリ-t-ブチルホスホニウムテトラフルオロほう酸塩(0.070g、0.24mmol)、t-ブトキシナトリウム(0.87g、9.0mmol)、無水トルエン(60mL)を順次加えて16時間加熱還流した。
HPLC:純度99.2%
FD-MS:calcd for C82H52N6=1121、
found m/z=1121(M+,100)
アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体G(2.40g、5.88mmol)、中間体O(1.52g、2.80mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0.055g、0.06mmol)、トリ-t-ブチルホスホニウムテトラフルオロほう酸塩(0.070g、0.24mmol)、t-ブトキシナトリウム(0.87g、9.0mmol)、無水トルエン(60mL)を順次加えて16時間加熱還流した。
HPLC:純度99.7%
FD-MS:calcd for C88H56N6=1197、
found m/z=1197(M+,100)
室温まで反応液を冷却した後、トルエンを加えて希釈し、水で洗浄し、減圧乾燥した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにて精製し、中間体P(4.03g,収率67%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体G(2.57g、6.3mmol)、中間体P(0.90g、3.0mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0.055g、0.06mmol)、トリ-t-ブチルホスホニウムテトラフルオロほう酸塩(0.070g、0.24mmol)、t-ブトキシナトリウム(0.87g、9.0mmol)、無水トルエン(60mL)を順次加えて10時間加熱還流した。
HPLC:純度99.3%
FD-MS:calcd for C76H48N6=1045、
found m/z=1045(M+,100)
HPLC:純度99.0%
FD-MS:calcd for C94H58N8=1299、
found m/z=1299(M+,100)
アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体G(2.57g、6.3mmol)、中間体Q(1.09g、2.0mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0.055g、0.06mmol)、トリ-t-ブチルホスホニウムテトラフルオロほう酸塩(0.070g、0.24mmol)、t-ブトキシナトリウム(0.87g、9.0mmol)、無水トルエン(60mL)を順次加えて16時間加熱還流した。
HPLC:純度99.4%
FD-MS:calcd for C112H70N8=1528、
found m/z=1528(M+,100)
実施例21
溶媒として脱水1,4-ジオキサンを用い、ホストとしてH-2を1wt%、ドーパントとしてIr(nBuPPy)3を、ホストに対して5、10、20重量%になるように添加して各濃度の溶液を調製した。次いで、石英基盤(25×25×1mm)上にスピンコート(500rpm×3秒、次いで3000rpm×60秒)し、風乾の後、100℃で30分間ホットプレート上で加熱乾燥した。操作は、全てグローブボックス中、窒素雰囲気下で実施した。
次に、得られた薄膜を350nmの励起光を用いて、蛍光スペクトル及び量子収率を測定した。結果を表3に示す。また、図1に、ホストとして用いたH-2のみを用いて作製した薄膜の蛍光スペクトルを示し、図3に、ドーパントとして用いたIr(nBuPPy)3のみを用いて作製した薄膜の蛍光スペクトルを示す(蛍光スペクトルピーク波長513nm、半値幅58nm、蛍光量子収率:0.21)。さらに、図4に、ホストとしてH-2を用い、ドーパントとして上記各濃度のIr(nBuPPy)3を添加して作製した薄膜の蛍光スペクトルを示す。
ホストをH-3に変更した以外は、実施例5と同様に溶液を調製し、薄膜を作製し、蛍光スペクトル及び量子収率を測定した。結果を表3に示す。また、図2に、ホストとして用いたH-3のみを用いて作製した薄膜の蛍光スペクトルを示す。さらに、図5に、ホストとしてH-3を用い、ドーパントとして上記各濃度のIr(nBuPPy)3を添加して作製した薄膜の蛍光スペクトルを示す。
よって、本発明で開発されたホスト材料は、溶液を使用する塗布等に適用する材料として有用であることが示された。
また、可溶性を有し、塗布プロセスに適した本発明の芳香族複素環誘導体は、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料溶液として有用である。
この明細書に記載の文献の内容を全てここに援用する。
Claims (16)
- 下記式(1)-1又は(1)-2で表される芳香族複素環誘導体。
Aは、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の含窒素複素環基であり、
Bは、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の芳香族複素環基であり、
nは、2以上の整数である。
Czは、それぞれ独立に、下記式(2)又は(3)で表される芳香族複素環基である。式(1)-1において、n個のCzは、それぞれ独立に、Aのいずれに結合してもよく、Aが置換基を有する場合、その置換基のいずれの位置に結合してもよい。式(1)-2において、n個のCzは、それぞれ独立に、AまたはBのいずれに結合してもよく、AまたはBが置換基を有する場合、その置換基のいずれの位置に結合してもよい。
*は、A又はBとの結合位置を示す。
Z1及びZ2は、互いに独立して、芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環、又は脂肪族環を形成するのに必要な原子群であり、炭素原子、窒素原子、酸素原子及びイオウ原子からなる群から選ばれる原子から構成される。
Z3は、単結合又は2価の連結基を示す。
Xは、式(2)においては窒素原子、式(3)においては窒素原子、酸素原子又はイオウ原子である。
Xを含んで構成される環は、X以外に炭素原子、窒素原子、酸素原子及びイオウ原子からなる群から選ばれる環を形成するのに必要な原子から構成される。
Z1により形成される環は、芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環又は脂肪族環であり、形成される芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環又は脂肪族環と、Xを含んで構成される環は、各々の環を形成している2個の炭素原子を共有している。また、Z2により形成される環は、芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環又は脂肪族環であり、Z2により形成される芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環又は脂肪族環と、Xを含んで構成される環は、各々の環を形成している2個の炭素原子を共有している。
Y1,Y2,Y3及びY4は、互いに独立して、
水素原子、重水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキル基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルコキシ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のハロアルキル基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のハロアルコキシ基、
置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~10の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキルシリル基、
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリールシリル基、
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基、
置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の芳香族複素環基
からなる群から選ばれる。
但し、式(3)において、Xが酸素原子又はイオウ原子である場合、Y1は存在しない。
a,b及びcは、互いに独立して、0又は1以上の整数である。
Y2、Y3及びY4が2以上の場合、隣接するY2、Y3及びY4は、それぞれ互いに結合して、置換若しくは無置換の飽和又は不飽和の環状構造を形成してもよい。)
但し、以下の芳香族複素環誘導体は除かれる。
- 前記式(2)又は(3)で表される芳香族複素環基が、置換若しくは無置換のカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のアザカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のベンズカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のヒドロカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のアクリジニル基、置換若しくは無置換のインドリル基及び置換若しくは無置換のキサンテニル基からなる群から選択される請求項1に記載の芳香族複素環誘導体。
- 前記式(2)又は(3)で表される芳香族複素環基におけるY2及びY3が、互いに独立して、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2~30の芳香族複素環基である請求項1又は2に記載の芳香族複素環誘導体。
- 前記式(2)又は(3)で表される芳香族複素環基におけるY2及びY3が、互いに独立して、置換若しくは無置換のカルバゾリル基、置換若しくは無置換のN-フェニルカルバゾリル基及び置換若しくは無置換のジベンゾフラニル基からなる群から選択される請求項3に記載の芳香族複素環誘導体。
- nが2又は3である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体。
- Aが、置換若しくは無置換のピリジン環、置換若しくは無置換のピリミジン環、置換若しくは無置換のトリアジン環、置換若しくは無置換のキノリン環、置換若しくは無置換のイソキノリン環、置換若しくは無置換のキノキサリン環又は置換若しくは無置換のキナゾリン環から誘導されるn価の基からなる群から選ばれる請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体を含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体を溶媒に溶解してなる有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料溶液。
- 陰極と陽極の間に発光層を含む複数の有機薄膜層を有し、前記有機薄膜層のうち少なくとも1層が請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体を含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記発光層が、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体をホスト材料として含む請求項9に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記発光層が、燐光発光材料を含有する請求項9又は10に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記燐光発光材料が、イリジウム(Ir),オスミウム(Os)及び白金(Pt)からなる群から選択される金属原子のオルトメタル化錯体である請求項11に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記陰極と前記発光層の間に電子注入層を有し、該電子注入層が含窒素環誘導体を含む請求項9~12のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記陰極と前記発光層の間に電子輸送層を有し、該電子輸送層が、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体を含む請求項9~13のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記陽極と前記発光層の間に正孔輸送層を有し、該正孔輸送層が、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族複素環誘導体を含む請求項9~14のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記陰極と前記有機薄膜層との界面領域に、還元性ドーパントが添加されてなる請求項9~15のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
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CN201180061341.4A CN103270032B (zh) | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-19 | 芳香族杂环衍生物及使用了其的有机电致发光元件 |
US13/994,249 US9705091B2 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-19 | Aromatic heterocycle derivative and organic electroluminescent element using same |
KR1020137015617A KR101896729B1 (ko) | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-19 | 방향족 복소 고리 유도체 및 그것을 사용한 유기 일렉트로 루미네선스 소자 |
JP2012549629A JPWO2012086170A1 (ja) | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-19 | 芳香族複素環誘導体及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
EP11851955.2A EP2662368A4 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-19 | AROMATIC HETEROCYCLE DERIVATIVE AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT USING THE SAME |
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JP (1) | JPWO2012086170A1 (ja) |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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US20130306959A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
EP2662368A4 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
US9705091B2 (en) | 2017-07-11 |
CN103270032B (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
KR101896729B1 (ko) | 2018-09-07 |
KR20130130747A (ko) | 2013-12-02 |
EP2662368A1 (en) | 2013-11-13 |
CN103270032A (zh) | 2013-08-28 |
JPWO2012086170A1 (ja) | 2014-05-22 |
TW201231616A (en) | 2012-08-01 |
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