WO2011142136A1 - リン酸エステルの製造方法 - Google Patents
リン酸エステルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011142136A1 WO2011142136A1 PCT/JP2011/002658 JP2011002658W WO2011142136A1 WO 2011142136 A1 WO2011142136 A1 WO 2011142136A1 JP 2011002658 W JP2011002658 W JP 2011002658W WO 2011142136 A1 WO2011142136 A1 WO 2011142136A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- phosphate ester
- reaction
- represented
- substituted
- Prior art date
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006704 dehydrohalogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 81
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 58
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 20
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-2-ol Chemical group OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004780 naphthols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010292 orthophenyl phenol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UXCDUFKZSUBXGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric tribromide Chemical compound BrP(Br)(Br)=O UXCDUFKZSUBXGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- VXTFGYMINLXJPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinane Chemical group C1CCPCC1 VXTFGYMINLXJPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 34
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- DHDKHEFRFQLNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dichlorophosphoryloxy-2-phenylbenzene Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 DHDKHEFRFQLNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- YXVFYQXJAXKLAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-4-ol Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YXVFYQXJAXKLAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical group C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940035437 1,3-propanediol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- DSKYSDCYIODJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)(CO)CO DSKYSDCYIODJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OUPCDFWTGHUQRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethyl-2-(2-phenylphenoxy)-1,3,2$l^{5}-dioxaphosphinane 2-oxide Chemical compound O1CC(C)(C)COP1(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 OUPCDFWTGHUQRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229950011260 betanaphthol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- WVPKAWVFTPWPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-M dichlorophosphinate Chemical compound [O-]P(Cl)(Cl)=O WVPKAWVFTPWPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NZZAEWPIVSDHGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxidodioxaphosphinan-2-ium Chemical compound [O-][O+]1OCCCP1 NZZAEWPIVSDHGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- ATGFTMUSEPZNJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diphenylphenol Chemical compound OC1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ATGFTMUSEPZNJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XINAHJKKDXPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylphenoxy)-1,3,2$l^{5}-dioxaphosphepane 2-oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1OP1(=O)OCCCCO1 XINAHJKKDXPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000693 bioaccumulation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- JZGDLXJJEHLXLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl (2-phenylphenyl) hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C2=CC=CC=C2 JZGDLXJJEHLXLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- HWSUUGHIDOOOOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxaphosphinane Chemical group C1COOPC1 HWSUUGHIDOOOOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QARIOUOTENZTDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl (2-phenylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QARIOUOTENZTDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrate;hydrochloride Chemical compound O.Cl DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011968 lewis acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6564—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6571—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6574—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/65742—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus non-condensed with carbocyclic rings or heterocyclic rings or ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6564—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6571—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6574—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B61/00—Other general methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/09—Esters of phosphoric acids
- C07F9/12—Esters of phosphoric acids with hydroxyaryl compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5317—Phosphonic compounds, e.g. R—P(:O)(OR')2
- C08K5/5333—Esters of phosphonic acids
- C08K5/5357—Esters of phosphonic acids cyclic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/06—Organic materials
- C09K21/12—Organic materials containing phosphorus
Definitions
- a phosphorus compound having both an aromatic substituent and a phosphorinane skeleton is reacted only in the presence of a metal halide without using an expensive hydrogen halide scavenger (triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, etc.).
- the present invention relates to a novel production method capable of obtaining a phosphate ester with a good yield and purity as compared with conventional methods.
- Phosphorus compounds are widely used in agricultural chemicals, plasticizers, flame retardants, metal extractants, etc., taking advantage of their unique properties.
- it has an excellent function as a flame retardant, and is used in various synthetic resins and synthetic fibers such as polyester, polycarbonate, ABS resin, and polyurethane, and has a wide variety of uses.
- Polyester fibers are used in the fields of clothing, interiors, non-woven fabrics, and industrial materials due to their excellent mechanical properties and easy processability.
- awareness of disaster prevention has increased, making them flame retardant for applications such as curtains and car seats.
- Sex plays a more important role, and the demand for flame retardancy is increasing day by day.
- halogen-based compounds represented by hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) have been mainly used as flame retardants for polyester fibers.
- HBCD hexabromocyclododecane
- these compounds are being regulated as substances that are hardly decomposable and highly bioaccumulative, and they produce toxic hydrogen halides when fire-retardant processed products burn, making them safer Development of flame retardants is desired.
- phosphorus compounds containing no halogen element have been actively conducted.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2002-275473 discloses a phosphorus compound having a dibenzoxaphospholine oxide skeleton, JP 2000-328445 (Patent Document 2) and JP 2003-27373 (Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 2 JP 2002-275473
- Patent Document 3 JP 2003-27373
- RDP resorcinol bis-diphenyl phosphate
- JP-T-WO2007 / 032277 discloses 5,5-dimethyl-2- (2′-phenylphenoxy) -1,3,2-dioxaphospho as a phosphorus compound.
- Linan-2-oxide is disclosed. Since this compound is excellent in hydrolysis resistance and heat resistance, it is excellent in storage stability when used as a flame retardant, and can impart high flame resistance without deteriorating the physical properties of the resin or fiber. In addition, it has high fixability and exhaustion to polyester fibers, does not prevent dyes from sticking to the fibers, and the fibers after flame retardant dyeing have excellent light resistance and durability and high friction fastness. It is a very good phosphorus compound.
- Patent Document 4 discloses phenols that may be substituted with a disubstituted phosphorohalidate in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst such as triethylamine and, if necessary, magnesium chloride, as a hydrogen halide scavenger. Alternatively, a method is described in which naphthols are reacted to synthesize the corresponding phosphate.
- a Lewis acid catalyst such as triethylamine and, if necessary, magnesium chloride
- a phosphorus compound having both an aromatic substituent and a phosphorinane skeleton is reacted only in the presence of a metal halide without using an expensive hydrogen halide scavenger (triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, etc.)
- an expensive hydrogen halide scavenger triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, etc.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C 1-6 alkyl group, or a linear or branched chain
- a C 6-12 aryl group which may be substituted with a C 1-4 alkyl group
- R 1 and R 2 , R 2 and R 3 , R 3 and R 4 , or R 4 and R 5 May form a 6-membered ring together with the carbon atoms of the benzene ring to which they are bonded, provided that R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are not hydrogen atoms at the same time.
- a metal halide at a molar ratio of 1.1 to 3.0: 1 to produce a mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate represented by formula (III)
- step (2) A mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate obtained in step (1) represented by formula (III);
- a dehydrohalogenation reaction is performed by reacting with a diol represented by the formula (IV),
- R 6 and R 7 are each independently substituted with a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C 1-6 alkyl group, or a linear or branched C 1-4 alkyl group. An optionally substituted C 6-12 aryl group.
- the ratio of the amount of the diol represented by the formula (IV) is 0.90 to 0.99 relative to the halogen atom of the mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate represented by the formula (III).
- Item 2 The method for producing a phosphate ester according to Item 1, which is equivalent.
- step (2) 0.5 to 6 times by weight of solvent is used relative to the diol represented by formula (IV), and the solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene and o-dichlorobenzene.
- Item 8 The method for producing a phosphate ester according to any one of Items 1 to 7, which is one or more kinds of solvents.
- the method further includes the step of purifying the phosphate ester represented by the formula (V) obtained by the step (2), wherein the purification step is selected from acid washing, alkali washing, water washing, vacuum distillation, and recrystallization.
- the purification step is selected from acid washing, alkali washing, water washing, vacuum distillation, and recrystallization.
- a phosphorus compound having both an aromatic substituent and a phosphorinane skeleton is used only in the presence of a metal halide without using an expensive hydrogen halide scavenger (triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, etc.). It can be produced at a lower price and with a better purity and yield than the conventional method, without undergoing complicated post-treatment steps and solvent recovery steps.
- an expensive hydrogen halide scavenger triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, etc.
- the method for producing a phosphate ester of the present invention includes the following steps (1) and (2).
- step (1) phosphorus oxytrihalide represented by the formula (I)
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C 1-6 alkyl group, or a linear or branched chain
- a C 6-12 aryl group which may be substituted with a C 1-4 alkyl group
- R 1 and R 2 , R 2 and R 3 , R 3 and R 4 , or R 4 and R 5 May form a 6-membered ring together with the carbon atoms of the benzene ring to which they are bonded, provided that R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are not hydrogen atoms at the same time.
- X in the formula (I) in the step (1) is a halogen atom.
- halogen atom for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- the three Xs may be the same or different from each other, but in one embodiment, the three Xs are preferably the same in view of the ease of synthesis of the compound of formula (I).
- X is preferably bromine or chlorine, more preferably chlorine, since it is easily available as a raw material and can be easily synthesized as described below.
- the compound of formula (I) include phosphorus oxychloride and phosphorus oxybromide, and any of them can be used. Phosphorus oxychloride is particularly preferred from the standpoint of availability and cost.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 in the formula (II) are each independently a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C 1-6 alkyl group, or a linear or branched group A C 6-12 aryl group which may be substituted with a chain C 1-4 alkyl group, or R 1 and R 2 , R 2 and R 3 , R 3 and R 4 , or R 4 and R 5 may form a 6-membered ring together with the carbon atom of the benzene ring to which these are bonded.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are hydrogen atoms at the same time.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 in formula (II) are independently of one another a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C 1-4 alkyl group. Or a C 6-12 aryl group which may be substituted with R 1 and R 2 , R 2 and R 3 , R 3 and R 4 , or R 4 and R 5 are a benzene ring to which they are bonded A 6-membered ring may be formed together with the carbon atom.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are not all hydrogen atoms at the same time.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 in formula (II) are independently of each other a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C 1-4 alkyl. A C 6-12 aryl group optionally substituted by a group. However, in this embodiment, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are not all hydrogen atoms at the same time.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are not all hydrogen atoms at the same time.
- the compound of formula (II) is not an unsubstituted phenol. That is, there are 1 to 4 hydrogen atoms among R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 .
- the number of hydrogen atoms is preferably 2 to 4, preferably 3 or 4, and more preferably 4.
- R 1 or R 5 is preferably other than hydrogen. That is, R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are preferably hydrogen.
- an optionally substituted alkyl group means a substituted alkyl or unsubstituted alkyl group.
- An optionally substituted aryl group means a substituted aryl or unsubstituted aryl group.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are “linear or branched C 1-6 alkyl groups”, the alkyl group has 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 carbon atoms. Or any of 6 may be sufficient.
- Specific examples of the straight chain alkyl include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl and the like.
- Specific examples of the branched alkyl group include isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl and the like.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are “C 6-12 aryl group optionally substituted with a linear or branched C 1-4 alkyl group”
- aryl group include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, and a 2-naphthyl group.
- the carbon number of the alkyl group in the “linear or branched C 1-4 alkyl group” that can be introduced as a substituent into the aryl group may be 1, 2, 3, or 4.
- Specific examples of the linear alkyl group include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, and n-butyl.
- branched alkyl group include isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl and the like.
- R 1 , R 2 , R It is preferable that any one of 3 , R 4 and R 5 is an unsubstituted aryl group, and the other is a hydrogen atom. It is more preferable that any one of R 1 , R 3 and R 5 is a phenyl group. More preferably, any one of R 1 and R 5 is a phenyl group.
- the compound of the formula (II) is a substituted phenol
- the reactivity of phenol generally tends to decrease due to its steric hindrance, but it is advantageous because good reactivity is maintained in the method of the present invention.
- Specific examples of the optionally substituted phenols include 2-hydroxybiphenyl, 3-hydroxybiphenyl, 4-hydroxybiphenyl, 2,6-diphenylphenol, and the like.
- the phenol preferably has one or more substituents. It is preferable that a substituent exists in the 2-position of phenol.
- the compound of the formula (II) is an optionally substituted naphthol
- specific examples thereof include 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol.
- 2-hydroxybiphenyl, 3-hydroxybiphenyl, 4-hydroxy biphenyl and 4-hydroxybiphenyl are preferred from the viewpoints of availability and cost, and when a phosphorus compound is used as a flame retardant for polyester fibers.
- Hydroxybiphenyl, 1-naphthol, and 2-naphthol are preferred, 2-hydroxybiphenyl, 4-hydroxybiphenyl, and 2-naphthol are more preferred, and 2-hydroxybiphenyl is particularly preferred.
- step (1) The reaction in step (1) is performed in the presence of a metal halide.
- the metal halide preferably has Lewis acidity.
- the metal halide acts as a catalyst.
- the metal in the metal halide is any metal and can be an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, or the like. Preferable specific examples of this metal include magnesium, aluminum, zinc, titanium, boron and the like.
- the halogen in the metal halide is an arbitrary halogen, and specific examples include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- Specific examples of the metal halide include magnesium chloride, aluminum chloride, zinc chloride, titanium tetrachloride, and boron trifluoride ether complex. These metal halides may be used in combination of two or more. In the above reaction, it is particularly preferable to use magnesium chloride as a catalyst from the viewpoint of reactivity and handling.
- the amount of metal halide used in step (1) is not particularly limited.
- the amount of the metal halide is preferably 0.001 mol or more, more preferably 0.005 mol or more, further preferably 0, per mol of phenol or naphthol, that is, the compound of the formula (II). 0.008 mol or more, particularly preferably 0.009 mol or more. Moreover, it is preferably 0.1 mol or less, more preferably 0.05 mol or less, still more preferably 0.02 mol or less, and particularly preferably 0.015 mol or less.
- the ratio of the amount of phosphorus oxytrihalide (formula (I)) used in the reaction of step (1) is 1.1 mol or more per mol of phenols or naphthols (ie, compound of formula (II)). And it is 3.0 mol or less.
- the ratio of the amount of phosphorus oxytrihalide used is too small, for example, when it is less than 1.1 mol per mol of phenols or naphthols, the resulting mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate (formula (III)) It is not preferable because the purity is remarkably lowered, the hydrolysis resistance and heat resistance are inferior, and the flame retardancy is deteriorated. In addition, even when the proportion of phosphorus oxytrihalide used exceeds 3 moles per mole of phenols or naphthols, the purity of the corresponding mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate (formula (III)) varies greatly.
- the ratio of the amount of phosphorus oxytrihalide used can be 1.2 mol or more, 1.3 mol or more, or 1.4 mol or more with respect to 1 mol of phenols or naphthols. .
- the amount is preferably 1.5 mol or more, and may be 1.6 mol or more, 1.7 mol or more, 1.8 mol or more, or 1.9 mol or more. 2.0 mol or more is particularly preferable.
- the ratio of the amount of phosphorus oxytrihalide used is preferably 2.9 moles or less, more preferably 2.8 moles or less, and even more preferably 2.7 moles per mole of phenols or naphthols. Or less, more preferably 2.6 mol or less, and particularly preferably 2.5 mol or less. Moreover, it is also possible to set it as 2.4 mol or less or 2.3 mol or less as needed.
- the reaction temperature in step (1) is not particularly limited.
- the reaction temperature in the step (1) is preferably 80 ° C. or higher, more preferably 85 ° C. or higher, further preferably 90 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 95 ° C. or higher.
- the reaction temperature in step (1) is preferably 140 ° C. or lower, more preferably 130 ° C. or lower, further preferably 120 ° C. or lower, and still more preferably 115 ° C. or lower.
- the reaction time in step (1) can be appropriately set in consideration of conditions such as reaction temperature. Preferably it is 15 minutes or more, More preferably, it is 30 minutes or more, More preferably, it is 1 hour or more. It is preferably 1 day or less, more preferably 12 hours or less, still more preferably 5 hours or less, and can be 3 hours or less, 2 hours or less, or 1 hour 30 minutes or less.
- the reaction in the step (1) can be performed under a normal atmosphere. However, it is preferably performed in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas in order to prevent moisture.
- the pressure is preferably 20 kPa or less, more preferably 15 kPa or less, further preferably 10 kPa or less, and particularly preferably 8 kPa or less. Although there is no particular lower limit to the pressure, a pressure of 1 kPa or more, 3 kPa or more, or 5 kPa or more can be used if there is a restriction from the viewpoint of equipment cost or the like.
- the removed phosphorus oxytrihalide can be recovered and reused as a raw material for the next reaction.
- the recovered material can be reused as it is as a raw material for the next reaction without further processing (for example, purification).
- step (2) When step (2) is carried out with phosphorus oxytrihalide remaining in the reaction system, phosphorus oxytrihalide reacts with diols in the reaction of step (2), and the target product (formula (V)) This is not preferable because it causes a decrease in purity.
- reaction solvent The reaction in step (1) can usually be performed without using a solvent. However, if necessary, a solvent inert to the reaction may be used.
- Usable solvents include, for example, the following: Hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, benzene, toluene, xylene, and petroleum spirit; Halogen-containing hydrocarbon solvents such as chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, chlorobenzene, chlorotoluene and o-dichlorobenzene; Ether solvents such as diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether of triethylene glycol dimethyl ether or higher
- step (2) the mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate obtained in step (1) represented by formula (III);
- R 6 and R 7 are each independently substituted with a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C 1-6 alkyl group, or a linear or branched C 1-4 alkyl group. An optionally substituted C 6-12 aryl group.
- a dehydrohalogenation reaction is performed between the compound of formula (III) and the compound of formula (IV). And the phosphorus compound represented by Formula (V) is obtained.
- R 6 and R 7 in the formula (IV) are independently of each other a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C 1-6 alkyl group, or a linear or branched C 1.
- Linear or branched C 1-6 alkyl group of R 6 and R 7 and “C 6-12 optionally substituted with a linear or branched C 1-4 alkyl group”
- Examples of the “aryl group” include the substituents defined by the aforementioned R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 .
- both R 6 and R 7 are linear or branched C 1-6 alkyl. It is preferably a group. It is more preferred that both R 6 and R 7 are linear C 1-6 alkyl groups, and it is more preferred that both R 6 and R 7 are linear C 1-4 alkyl groups. R 6 and R 7 are particularly preferably a combination of a methyl group and a methyl group, or a combination of an ethyl group and an n-butyl group.
- the diols of formula (IV) in step (2) include diols that can form a 6-membered ring when reacted with a mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate, that is, two hydroxyl groups such as 1,3-propanediol.
- a compound having a structure having three carbon atoms in between (HO—C—C—C—OH) is desirable.
- Ethanediol and 1,4-butanediol which form other than 6-membered ring are not preferable because cyclization reaction, cross-linking reaction, transesterification reaction, and the like react in a complex manner to form by-products and polymer components.
- propanediol system forming a 6-membered ring examples include 1,3-propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol (neopentyl glycol), 2,2-diethyl-1,3- Examples include propanediol, 2-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, and 2-phenyl-1,3-propanediol.
- 1,3-propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, and 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol are preferable in terms of availability and cost.
- 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol are more preferred, and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3 -Propanediol is particularly preferred.
- the amount of diol (formula (IV)) used in the reaction of step (2) is determined relative to the halogen atom content of the mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate (formula (III)) produced in step (1).
- the halogen atom content is measured as follows.
- the halogen atom content is measured by the following method, for example.
- the reaction solution after removal of phosphorus oxytrihalide is dissolved in ethanol and / or water, made alkaline by adding sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide, and refluxed for about 30 minutes. After cooling by ice cooling or the like, the content of halogen atoms can be measured by adding nitric acid to acidify and titrating with a silver nitrate solution.
- the ratio of the amount of diols (formula (IV)) used in the reaction of step (2) is 0.90 equivalent or more with respect to the halogen atom of the mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate (formula (III)).
- it is 0.91 equivalent or more, more preferably 0.92 equivalent or more, and particularly preferably 0.93 equivalent or more.
- it is preferably 0.99 equivalent or less, more preferably 0.98 equivalent or less, further preferably 0.97 equivalent or less, and particularly preferably 0.96 equivalent or less.
- the ratio of diols to halogen atoms of mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate is too low, a large amount of unreacted mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate remains in the reaction product, resulting in lower yield and increased wastewater load. Since it invites, it is not preferable. If the ratio of diols used is too high, the diols do not take a cyclic structure due to side reactions such as transesterification and cross-linking reactions, so the dioxaphosphorinane skeleton is not formed and the target phosphorus compound ( It tends to cause a decrease in the purity of the formula (V), and as a result, the flame retardancy tends to decrease. Therefore, the ratio of diols (formula (IV)) used in step (2) is 0.90 to 0.99 equivalents in one preferred embodiment, more preferably 0.93 to 0.97 equivalents, and More preferred is 93 to 0.95 equivalent.
- the reaction in the step (2) can be performed in the presence of an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is an inert solvent for this reaction.
- examples of usable organic solvents include the following solvents. Hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, benzene, toluene, xylene and petroleum spirit; halogens such as chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, chlorobenzene, chlorotoluene and o-dichlorobenzene Examples thereof include hydrocarbon solvents; ether solvents such as diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether of triethylene glycol dimethyl ether or higher, and ethylene glycol diethyl ether.
- toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene and o-dichlorobenzene are preferable in terms of ease of handling, toluene and chlorobenzene are more preferable, and toluene is particularly preferable.
- the amount of solvent used can be appropriately set so that the reaction can proceed satisfactorily, and is not particularly limited. Preferably, it is 0.5 times or more of the diol used, more preferably 1 or more times, still more preferably 1.5 or more times, particularly preferably 2 or more times. Further, it is preferably 6 times by weight or less of the diol used, more preferably 5 times by weight or less, still more preferably 4 times by weight or less, and particularly preferably 3 times by weight or less.
- a mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate is added to a mixture of diols (formula (IV)) and a solvent, or conversely, diols into a mixture of a mono-substituted phosphorodihalidate and a solvent.
- Formula (IV) may be added either way, but the latter method is preferred in terms of reactivity, purity of the target compound, and the like.
- the reaction temperature in step (2) is preferably 70 ° C. or higher, more preferably 75 ° C. or higher, still more preferably 80 ° C. or higher, and still more preferably 85 ° C. or higher. Especially preferably, it is 90 degreeC or more. Further, it is preferably 160 ° C. or lower, more preferably 150 ° C. or lower, still more preferably 140 ° C. or lower, still more preferably 130 ° C. or lower, particularly preferably 120 ° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 110 ° C. or lower. ° C or lower, and most preferably 105 ° C or lower. When the reaction temperature is too low, the reactivity is lowered, which is not preferable. Moreover, when reaction temperature is too high, a side reaction tends to occur and the purity of the target product (formula (V)) is lowered, which is not preferable.
- reaction time The reaction time in step (2) can be appropriately set depending on conditions such as the reaction temperature. Preferably it is 30 minutes or more, More preferably, it is 1 hour or more. Moreover, Preferably it is 12 hours or less, More preferably, it is 6 hours or less.
- step (2) can be performed under a normal atmosphere. However, it is preferably performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen gas in order to prevent moisture.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen gas
- step (2) by-product hydrogen halide is removed as necessary. Specifically, it is preferable to remove hydrogen chloride produced (by-product) by, for example, reducing the pressure in the system or blowing an inert gas such as nitrogen gas.
- step (2) In the reacted mixture of step (2), impurities such as raw materials, unreacted materials, and acidic components remain in the phosphoric acid ester of formula (V), and therefore a removal step is performed as necessary. Is preferred. Examples of this removal method include acid washing, alkali washing, water washing, vacuum distillation, recrystallization and the like.
- a solvent may be added as necessary to prevent layer separation and prevent crystal precipitation.
- the solvent used may be the reaction solvent used in the reaction, but other solvents may be used.
- the amount is preferably 1 times or more, more preferably 2 times or more, and further preferably 3 times or more the diol used in the step (2). Further, it is preferably 6 times by weight or less of the diol used, more preferably 5 times by weight or less, and still more preferably 4 times by weight or less.
- the metal component in the reaction product can be removed.
- acidic water such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid (for example, 0.5-5% aqueous hydrochloric acid, 0.5-5% oxalic acid aqueous solution) What is necessary is just to wash
- Alkali cleaning can remove acidic components in the reaction product. Specifically, for example, alkaline water such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate (for example, 1 to 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 1 to 10% sodium carbonate aqueous solution) is used. Then, the obtained reaction product may be washed.
- alkaline water such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate (for example, 1 to 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 1 to 10% sodium carbonate aqueous solution) is used. Then, the obtained reaction product may be washed.
- Examples of the vacuum distillation for removing impurities such as low boiling point components include steam distillation.
- the steam distillation temperature is preferably 70 ° C. or higher, more preferably 80 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 100 ° C. or higher. Moreover, it is preferably 160 ° C. or lower, more preferably 150 ° C. or lower, and further preferably 140 ° C. or lower.
- the pressure is preferably 20 kPa or less, more preferably 15 kPa or less, and further preferably 10 kPa or less. Although there is no particular lower limit to the pressure, a pressure of 1 kPa or more, 3 kPa or more, or 5 kPa or more can be used if there is a restriction from the viewpoint of equipment cost or the like.
- recrystallization may be performed as a method for obtaining the reaction product more easily and with high purity.
- any solvent can be used as the solvent.
- the obtained reacted mixture may be recrystallized using a solvent such as ethanol, propanol, butanol, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, or o-dichlorobenzene.
- Example 1 (Process 1) In a 1 liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer and reflux tube, 170.2 g (1 mol) of 2-hydroxybiphenyl, 337.3 g (2.2 mol) of phosphorus oxychloride and 0.95 g of anhydrous magnesium chloride (0.01 mol) was charged, the mixture was heated to 105 ° C. over 3 hours with stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere, and stirred at the same temperature (105 ° C.) for 1 hour to carry out the reaction.
- reaction solution was cooled to 90 ° C., nitrogen was introduced to bring the inside of the flask to normal pressure, 336 g of toluene was added, 200 g of 1.4% oxalic acid aqueous solution at the same temperature (90 ° C.), and 2.3% Washing was sequentially performed with 200 g of an aqueous sodium carbonate solution, and finally with 200 g of water. Further, steam distillation was performed at 140 ° C.
- Example 2 (Process 1) In the same manner as in Step 1 of Example 1, 2-biphenylyl phosphorodichloridate was obtained.
- Example 3 (Process 1) In the same manner as in Step 1 of Example 1, 2-biphenylyl phosphorodichloridate was obtained.
- reaction solution was cooled to 80 ° C., nitrogen was introduced to bring the inside of the flask to atmospheric pressure, 336 g of toluene was added, 200% of 1.1% hydrochloric acid water at the same temperature (80 ° C.), and 7% sodium carbonate. Washing was sequentially performed with 200 g of an aqueous solution, and finally with 200 g of water. Further, steam distillation was performed at 140 ° C.
- the obtained reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and 161.5 g (0.95 mol) of 2-hydroxybiphenyl, 0.9 g of anhydrous magnesium chloride and 145.6 g of chlorobenzene were added thereto.
- the mixed solution was heated to 65 to 75 ° C. with stirring, and 106.1 g (1.05 mol) of triethylamine was added dropwise to the mixed solution over 1 hour. Thereafter, the mixture was reacted at the same temperature (75 ° C.) for 1 hour, and a mixed solution of 5,5-dimethyl-2- (2′-phenylphenoxy) -1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane-2-oxide (LC (Purity: 96.0%).
- Step 2 the 2-biphenylyl phosphorodichloridate obtained in Step 1 is cooled to 60 ° C., 195.8 g (2.08 mol) of phenol is added, and the mixed solution is stirred to 130 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. The temperature was raised over 5 hours, and the reaction was carried out at the same temperature (130 ° C.) under reduced pressure (20 kPa) for 8 hours.
- the reaction solution is cooled to 80 ° C., nitrogen is introduced to bring the inside of the flask to normal pressure, and the mixture is washed successively with 1.6% hydrochloric acid and a 0.7% sodium carbonate aqueous solution at the same temperature (80 ° C.), and finally with water. Went. Further, steam distillation was performed at 140 ° C. under reduced pressure (2.7 kPa) to remove low-boiling components from the reaction product, and 382.8 g of a colorless and transparent liquid mainly composed of 2-biphenylyldiphenyl phosphate (LC purity: 92.9%). The yield was 95.1% assuming that all of the liquid was the target compound.
- R group is a corresponding alkyl group or aryl group shown in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- Examples 1 to 3 were able to obtain the target product as the main component in good yield and purity. From this result, it is considered that a 6-membered ring stable structure could be formed by reacting with the propanediol system in the step (2), and the product could be obtained with high purity.
- Comparative Example 1 using an amine, recrystallization had to be performed in order to obtain a product with high purity, in which case the yield was as low as 86%.
- Comparative Example 2 when the reaction was carried out without using an amine, the reaction did not proceed at all.
- the production method of the present invention is remarkably excellent and can be said to be optimal.
- the production method of the present invention exhibits an effect only when the compound of the formula (V) is produced as a target compound and is an optimum production method.
- a phosphorus compound having both an aromatic substituent and a phosphorinane skeleton can be complex without using an expensive hydrogen halide scavenger (triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, etc.). It can be manufactured at a lower cost and with a better purity and yield than conventional methods without going through an after-treatment step or a solvent recovery step. Therefore, this invention is very useful in the technical field regarding manufacture of a flame retardant.
- an expensive hydrogen halide scavenger triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, etc.
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Abstract
Description
(項1)
工程(1):
式(I)で表されるオキシ三ハロゲン化リン
と、式(II)で表されるフェノール類またはナフトール類
とを1.1~3.0:1のモル比で、金属ハロゲン化物の存在下で反応させて、式(III)で表されるモノ置換ホスホロジハリデートを製造する工程
および工程(2):
式(III)で表される、工程(1)で得られたモノ置換ホスホロジハリデートと、
式(IV)で表されるジオール類とを反応させて脱ハロゲン化水素反応を行い、
式(V)で表されるリン化合物を得る工程
を包含するリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(2)において、式(IV)で表されるジオール類の使用量の比が、式(III)で表されるモノ置換ホスホロジハリデートのハロゲン原子に対して0.90~0.99当量である、上記項1に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(1)の金属ハロゲン化物が塩化マグネシウムおよび/または塩化アルミニウムである、上記項1~2のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(1)の反応が、反応温度80~140℃で行われる、上記項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(1)において、オキシ三ハロゲン化リンとフェノール類またはナフトール類との反応の後に、未反応のオキシ三ハロゲン化リンを除去する工程を包含する、上記項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(1)における未反応のオキシ三ハロゲン化リンの除去が、温度80~140℃、圧力20kPa以下の減圧下で行われる、上記項5に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(2)の反応が、反応温度70~160℃で行われる、上記項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(2)において、式(IV)で表されるジオール類に対して0.5~6重量倍の溶剤が使用され、該溶剤がトルエン、キシレン、クロロベンゼンおよびo-ジクロロベンゼンからなる群より選択される1種以上の溶剤である、上記項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(2)により得られる式(V)で表されるリン酸エステルを精製する工程をさらに包含し、該精製工程においては、酸洗浄、アルカリ洗浄、水洗浄、減圧蒸留、および再結晶から選択される少なくとも1種類の処理が行われる、上記項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(2)により得られる式(V)で表されるリン酸エステル中の不純物を、温度70~160℃、圧力20kPa以下の減圧下で除去する工程をさらに包含する、上記項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(1)の式(I)で表されるオキシ三ハロゲン化リンがオキシ塩化リンまたはオキシ臭化リンである、上記項1~10のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(1)の式(II)で表されるフェノール類またはナフトール類が2-ヒドロキシビフェニルである、上記項1~11のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(2)の式(IV)で表されるジオール類が2,2-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジオールである、上記項1~12のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
工程(1)においては、式(I)で表されるオキシ三ハロゲン化リン
と、式(II)で表されるフェノール類またはナフトール類
とを反応させて、式(III)で表されるモノ置換ホスホロジハリデートを製造する工程である。
これを反応式で表すと次のように示される。
工程(1)の式(I)のXは、ハロゲン原子である。例えば、フッ素、塩素、臭素またはヨウ素である。3つのXはそれぞれ同一であってもよく、異なっても良いが、1つの実施形態では3つのXを同一とすることが式(I)の化合物の合成の容易さの点で好ましい。
式(II)のR1、R2、R3、R4及びR5は、互いに独立して、水素原子、直鎖状もしくは分岐鎖状のC1-6アルキル基、あるいは直鎖状もしくは分岐鎖状のC1-4アルキル基で置換されていてもよいC6-12アリール基であるか、またはR1とR2、R2とR3、R3とR4、またはR4とR5は、これらが結合するベンゼン環の炭素原子と共に6員環を形成してもよい。但し、R1、R2、R3、R4およびR5のすべてが同時に水素原子であることはない。
好ましい実施形態においては、式(II)のR1、R2、R3、R4及びR5は、互いに独立して、水素原子、あるいは直鎖状もしくは分岐鎖状のC1-4アルキル基で置換されていてもよいC6-12アリール基であるか、またはR1とR2、R2とR3、R3とR4、またはR4とR5は、これらが結合するベンゼン環の炭素原子と共に6員環を形成してもよい。但し、この実施形態においてもR1、R2、R3、R4およびR5のすべてが同時に水素原子であることはない。
より好ましい実施形態においては、式(II)のR1、R2、R3、R4及びR5は、互いに独立して、水素原子、あるいは直鎖状もしくは分岐鎖状のC1-4アルキル基で置換されていてもよいC6-12アリール基である。但し、この実施形態においてもR1、R2、R3、R4およびR5のすべてが同時に水素原子であることはない。
工程(1)における反応は、金属ハロゲン化物の存在下において行う。金属ハロゲン化物は、ルイス酸性を有するものが好ましい。
工程(1)における金属ハロゲン化物の使用量は、特に限定されない。金属ハロゲン化物の量は、フェノール類またはナフトール類、すなわち式(II)の化合物1モルに対して好ましくは0.001モル以上であり、より好ましくは0.005モル以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.008モル以上であり、特に好ましくは0.009モル以上である。また、好ましくは0.1モル以下であり、より好ましくは0.05モル以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.02モル以下であり、特に好ましくは0.015モル以下である。触媒の使用量が少な過ぎる場合には反応性が低下し、高温での反応が必要となるためモノ置換ホスホロジハリデート(式(III))の純度が著しく低下する。また、触媒の使用量が多すぎる場合には、急激に反応が進行するため反応の制御が困難となる。
工程(1)の反応におけるオキシ三ハロゲン化リン(式(I))の使用量の比率は、フェノール類またはナフトール類(すなわち、式(II)の化合物)1モルに対して1.1モル以上かつ3.0モル以下である。
工程(1)の反応温度は特に限定されない。工程(1)の反応温度は好ましくは80℃以上であり、より好ましくは85℃以上であり、さらに好ましくは90℃以上であり、特に好ましくは95℃以上である。また、工程(1)の反応温度は好ましくは140℃以下であり、より好ましくは130℃以下であり、さらに好ましくは120℃以下であり、いっそう好ましくは115℃以下である。また、110℃以下とすることも可能であり、特に好ましくは105℃以下である。反応温度が低すぎると反応性が低下するので好ましくない。また反応温度が高すぎると、モノ置換ホスホロジハリデート(式(III))以外にジ置換ホスホロハリデート、トリ置換ホスフェートなどが副生し、純度が低下するので好ましくない。
工程(1)の反応は、通常の雰囲気下で行うことができる。しかし、防湿のため、窒素ガスなどの不活性ガス雰囲気下で行うことが好ましい。
工程(1)の反応後に、必要に応じて、未反応のオキシ三ハロゲン化リンを除去する。具体的な除去方法としては、未反応のオキシ三ハロゲン化リンを低沸点成分として減圧下で蒸留することにより除去するのが簡便であって好ましい。その減圧蒸留の温度は、特に限定されないが、80℃以上が好ましく、85℃以上がより好ましく、90℃以上がさらに好ましく、特に好ましくは95℃以上である。また、140℃以下であることが好ましく、130℃以下であることがより好ましく、120℃以下であることがさらに好ましく、いっそう好ましくは110℃以下であり、特に好ましくは105℃以下である。圧力は20kPa以下であることが好ましく、15kPa以下がより好ましく、10kPa以下がさらに好ましく、8kPa以下が特に好ましい。圧力の下限は特にないが、設備のコスト等の観点から制約がある場合には、1kPa以上、3kPa以上、または5kPa以上の圧力を使用することができる。
工程(1)の反応は、通常は溶剤を使用せずに行うことが可能である。しかし、必要に応じて、反応に不活性な溶剤を使用してもよい。使用可能な溶剤としては、例えば、以下のものが挙げられる:
ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、ヘプタン、オクタン、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、及び石油スピリットなどの炭化水素系溶剤;
クロロホルム、四塩化炭素、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロエタン、トリクロロエタン、テトラクロロエタン、クロロベンゼン、クロロトルエンおよびo-ジクロロベンゼンなどのハロゲン含有炭化水素系溶剤;
ジイソプロピルエーテル、ジブチルエーテル、1,4-ジオキサン、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル以上のポリエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、及びエチレングリコールジエチルエーテルなどのエーテル系溶剤。
工程(2)においては、式(III)で表される、工程(1)で得られたモノ置換ホスホロジハリデートと、
式(IV)で表されるジオール類とを反応させる。
この工程においては、式(III)の化合物と式(IV)の化合物との間で、脱ハロゲン化水素反応を行う。そして、式(V)で表されるリン化合物を得る。
この反応を反応式で表すと、次のように示される。
工程(2)における式(IV)のR6及びR7は互いに独立して、水素原子、直鎖状もしくは分岐鎖状のC1-6アルキル基、または直鎖状もしくは分岐鎖状のC1-4アルキル基で置換されていてもよいC6-12アリール基である。
工程(2)の反応におけるジオール類(式(IV))の使用量は、工程(1)において生成したモノ置換ホスホロジハリデート(式(III))のハロゲン原子含有量に対して決定する。ハロゲン原子含有量の測定は以下のように行う。
ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、ヘプタン、オクタン、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン及び石油スピリットなどの炭化水素系溶剤;クロロホルム、四塩化炭素、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロエタン、トリクロロエタン、テトラクロロエタン、クロロベンゼン、クロロトルエン及びo-ジクロロベンゼンなどのハロゲン含有炭化水素系溶剤;ジイソプロピルエーテル、ジブチルエーテル、1,4-ジオキサン、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル以上のポリエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、及びエチレングリコールジエチルエーテルなどのエーテル系溶剤などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、取り扱い易さの面でトルエン、キシレン、クロロベンゼン、o-ジクロロベンゼンが好ましく、トルエン、クロロベンゼンがより好ましく、トルエンが特に好ましい。
工程(2)の反応温度は、好ましくは70℃以上であり、より好ましくは75℃以上であり、さらに好ましくは80℃以上であり、いっそう好ましくは85℃以上である。特に好ましくは90℃以上である。また、好ましくは160℃以下であり、より好ましくは150℃以下であり、さらに好ましくは140℃以下であり、いっそう好ましくは130℃以下であり、ひときわ好ましくは120℃以下であり、特に好ましくは110℃以下であり、最も好ましくは105℃以下である。反応温度が低すぎる場合には、反応性が低下するので好ましくない。また、反応温度が高すぎる場合には、副反応が起こりやすく、目的物(式(V))の純度が低下するので好ましくない。
工程(2)の反応時間は、反応温度などの条件に依存して適宜設定することが可能である。好ましくは30分以上であり、より好ましくは1時間以上である。また、好ましくは12時間以下であり、より好ましくは6時間以下である。
工程(2)の反応は、通常の雰囲気下で行うことができる。しかし、防湿のため、窒素ガスなどの不活性ガス雰囲気下で行うのが好ましい。
工程(2)の反応済混合物において、式(V)のリン酸エステル中には原料、未反応物、酸性成分などの不純分が残存していることから、必要に応じて除去工程を行うことが好ましい。この除去方法としては例えば酸洗浄、アルカリ洗浄、水洗浄、減圧蒸留、再結晶などが挙げられる。
以上のように、本発明の好ましい実施形態を用いて本発明を例示してきたが、本発明は、この実施形態に限定して解釈されるべきものではない。本発明は、特許請求の範囲によってのみその範囲が解釈されるべきであることが理解される。当業者は、本発明の具体的な好ましい実施形態の記載から、本発明の記載および技術常識に基づいて等価な範囲を実施することができることが理解される。本明細書において引用した特許、特許出願および文献は、その内容自体が具体的に本明細書に記載されているのと同様にその内容が本明細書に対する参考として援用されるべきであることが理解される。
(工程1)
攪拌機、温度計および環流管を備えた1リットルの四つ口フラスコに、2-ヒドロキシビフェニル170.2g(1モル)、オキシ塩化リン337.3g(2.2モル)および無水塩化マグネシウム0.95g(0.01モル)を充填し、この混合液を窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら105℃まで3時間かけて加熱昇温し、同温度(105℃)で1時間攪拌し、反応を行った。反応後、液温105℃で6.7kPaに達するまで減圧して、その圧力を1時間維持して過剰(未反応)のオキシ塩化リンを回収し、2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデートを290.8g(塩素含有率:24.7%)得た。
次に、攪拌機、温度計、滴下装置および環流管を備えた2リットルの四つ口フラスコに2,2-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジオール98.9g(0.95モル、該ホスホロジクロリデートのハロゲン原子に対して0.94当量)とトルエン197.8gを充填し、この混合液を窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら90℃まで1時間かけて昇温し、工程1で得られた2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデート290.8gを90℃/2時間かけて追加した。その後、105℃まで1時間かけて昇温し、同温度(105℃)で1時間攪拌し、反応を行った。反応後、同温度(105℃)で減圧下(40.2kPa)にトルエンを環流させながら3時間反応を行った。
(工程1)
実施例1の工程1と同様にして、2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデートを得た。
次に、攪拌機、温度計、滴下装置および環流管を備えた2リットルの四つ口フラスコに2,2-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジオール98.9g(0.95モル、該ホスホロジクロリデートのハロゲン原子に対して0.94当量)とトルエン197.8gを充填し、この混合液を窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら75℃まで1時間かけて昇温し、工程1で得られた2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデート290.8gを2時間かけて追加した。その後、同温度(75℃)で1時間攪拌し、反応を行った。反応後、同温度(75℃)で減圧下(40.2kPa)で6時間反応を行った。
(工程1)
実施例1の工程1と同様にして、2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデートを得た。
次に、攪拌機、温度計、滴下装置および環流管を備えた2リットルの四つ口フラスコに工程1で得られた2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデート290.8gとトルエン197.8gを充填し、この混合液を窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら90℃まで1時間かけて昇温し、2,2-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジオール98.9g(0.95モル、該ホスホロジクロリデートのハロゲン原子に対して0.94当量)を2時間かけて追加した。その後、温度(105℃)まで1時間掛けて昇温し、同温度にて1時間攪拌し、反応を行った。反応後、同温度(105℃)で減圧下(40.2kPa)にトルエンを環流させながら3時間反応を行った。
(反応)
攪拌機、温度計、滴下装置、塩酸回収装置及び環流管を備えた1リットルの四つ口フラスコに、2,2-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジオール104.0g(1モル)及びクロロベンゼン114.4gを充填した。得られた混合溶液を撹拌しながら45~55℃に加温し、この混合溶液にオキシ塩化リン153.5g(1モル)を1時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、混合溶液を75℃まで1時間かけて加熱昇温し、同温度(75℃)で1時間反応させて、発生する塩化水素65.7gを回収した。その後、同温度(75℃)26.6kPaで2時間減圧して、残存する塩化水素をガスとして回収した。このようにして反応混合物298.9gを得た。
得られた混合溶液に、トリエチルアミン過剰分に相当する塩酸水溶液を加えて85℃にて中和処理し、静置して油相を抽出した。次いで、得られた油相を85℃の水で洗浄し、脱水した。得られた油相を徐々に冷却して白色針状結晶259.8g(LC純度:98.8%)を得た。結晶のすべてが目的化合物であると仮定した場合の収率は86.0%であった。
トリエチルアミンを使用しないこと以外は比較例1と同様にて反応を試みた。
ークのみが見られ、反応は全く進行しなかった。
(工程1)
実施例1の工程1と同様にして、2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデートを得た。
次いで、工程1で得られた2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデートを60℃まで冷却し、フェノール195.8g(2.08モル)を加え、この混合溶液を窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら130℃まで5時間かけて加熱昇温し、同温度(130℃)で減圧下(20kPa)で8時間反応を行った。
(工程1)
実施例1の工程1と同様にして、2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデートを得た。
次に、攪拌機、温度計、滴下装置および環流管を備えた2リットルの四つ口フラスコにn-ブタノール140.8g(1.9モル)とトルエン592.1gを充填し、この混合液を窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら90℃まで1時間かけて昇温し、工程1で得られた2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデート290.8gを90℃/2時間かけて追加した。その後、105℃まで1時間かけて昇温し、同温度(105℃)で1時間攪拌し、反応を試みた。
(工程1)
実施例1の工程1と同様にして、2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデートを得た。
次に、攪拌機、温度計、滴下装置および環流管を備えた2リットルの四つ口フラスコに1,4-ブタンジオール85.6g(0.95モル)とトルエン592.1gを充填し、この混合液を窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら90℃まで1時間かけて昇温し、工程1で得られた2-ビフェニリルホスホロジクロリデート290.8gを90℃/2時間かけて追加した。その後、105℃まで1時間かけて昇温し、同温度(105℃)で1時間攪拌し、反応を試みた。
Claims (13)
- 工程(1):
式(I)で表されるオキシ三ハロゲン化リン
と、式(II)で表されるフェノール類またはナフトール類
とを1.1~3.0:1のモル比で、金属ハロゲン化物の存在下で反応させて、式(III)で表されるモノ置換ホスホロジハリデートを製造する工程
および工程(2):
式(III)で表される、工程(1)で得られたモノ置換ホスホロジハリデートと、
式(V)で表されるリン化合物を得る工程
を包含するリン酸エステルの製造方法。 - 工程(2)において、式(IV)で表されるジオール類の使用量の比が、式(III)で表されるモノ置換ホスホロジハリデートのハロゲン原子に対して0.90~0.99当量である、請求項1に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
- 工程(1)の金属ハロゲン化物が塩化マグネシウムおよび/または塩化アルミニウムである、請求項1~2のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
- 工程(1)の反応が、反応温度80~140℃で行われる、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
- 工程(1)において、オキシ三ハロゲン化リンとフェノール類またはナフトール類との反応の後に、未反応のオキシ三ハロゲン化リンを除去する工程を包含する、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
- 工程(1)における未反応のオキシ三ハロゲン化リンの除去が、温度80~140℃、圧力20kPa以下の減圧下で行われる、請求項5に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
- 工程(2)の反応が、反応温度70~160℃で行われる、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
- 工程(2)において、式(IV)で表されるジオール類に対して0.5~6重量倍の溶剤が使用され、該溶剤がトルエン、キシレン、クロロベンゼンおよびo-ジクロロベンゼンからなる群より選択される1種以上の溶剤である、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
- 工程(2)により得られる式(V)で表されるリン酸エステルを精製する工程をさらに包含し、該精製工程においては、酸洗浄、アルカリ洗浄、水洗浄、減圧蒸留、および再結晶から選択される少なくとも1種類の処理が行われる、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
- 工程(2)により得られる式(V)で表されるリン酸エステル中の不純物を、温度70~160℃、圧力20kPa以下の減圧下で除去する工程をさらに包含する、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
- 工程(1)の式(I)で表されるオキシ三ハロゲン化リンがオキシ塩化リンまたはオキシ臭化リンである、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
- 工程(1)の式(II)で表されるフェノール類またはナフトール類が2-ヒドロキシビフェニルである、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
- 工程(2)の式(IV)で表されるジオール類が2,2-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジオールである、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載のリン酸エステルの製造方法。
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