WO2011027730A1 - 潤滑油組成物 - Google Patents
潤滑油組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011027730A1 WO2011027730A1 PCT/JP2010/064698 JP2010064698W WO2011027730A1 WO 2011027730 A1 WO2011027730 A1 WO 2011027730A1 JP 2010064698 W JP2010064698 W JP 2010064698W WO 2011027730 A1 WO2011027730 A1 WO 2011027730A1
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- base oil
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- 0 *[N+]([N-])[N+]([O-])O* Chemical compound *[N+]([N-])[N+]([O-])O* 0.000 description 2
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/02—Specified values of viscosity or viscosity index
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/68—Shear stability
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition.
- lubricating oil is used in internal combustion engines, transmissions, and other mechanical devices in order to make their operations smooth.
- lubricating oil (engine oil) for internal combustion engines is required to have high performance as the performance of the internal combustion engine increases, the output increases, and the operating conditions become severe. Therefore, various additives such as antiwear agents, metallic detergents, ashless dispersants, and antioxidants are blended in conventional engine oils in order to satisfy these required performances.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 below. Recently, fuel efficiency required for lubricating oils has been increasing, and the application of high viscosity index base oils and various friction modifiers has been studied. (For example, refer to Patent Document 4 below.)
- HTHS viscosity is also referred to as “high temperature high shear viscosity”
- high temperature high shear viscosity the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C.
- it is effective to lower the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C., the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C., and the HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C., but it is very difficult to satisfy all these requirements with conventional lubricating oils. .
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a lubricating oil having sufficiently low kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C., kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. and HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C. while maintaining the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C.
- An object is to provide a composition.
- the present invention has a kinematic viscosity of 1 ⁇ 6 mm 2 / s at 100 ° C.,% C p is 70 or more, and percent lubricating base oil is C A is 2 or less, the lubricating When added to an oil base oil, the kinematic viscosity thickening effect A at 100 ° C. represented by the following formula (1) and the HTHS viscosity thickening effect B at 150 ° C. represented by the following formula (2) The ratio A / B is less than 3.2, and the thickening effect C of the HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C. represented by the following formula (3) and the increase of the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C.
- a lubricating oil composition comprising: a viscosity index improver having a ratio C / B to a viscosity effect B of less than 1.5.
- A XX 0 (1)
- A represents a kinematic viscosity thickening effect at 100 ° C.
- X represents a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. (unit: mm) of a mixture of the lubricating base oil and the viscosity index improver 3% by mass. 2 / s)
- X 0 represents the kinematic viscosity (unit: mm 2 / s) of the lubricating base oil at 100 ° C.
- B Y ⁇ Y 0 (2)
- B represents the effect of increasing the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C.
- Y represents the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C. (unit: mPa) of the mixture of the lubricating base oil and 3% by mass of the viscosity index improver.
- S Y 0 represents the HTHS viscosity (unit: mPa ⁇ s) at 150 ° C. of the lubricating base oil.
- C Z ⁇ Z 0 (3)
- C represents the effect of increasing the HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C.
- Z represents the HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C.
- kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C.” refers to the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. as defined in ASTM D-445.
- % C P ” and “% C A ” mean the percentage of paraffin carbon to the total number of carbons and fragrance determined by a method (ndM ring analysis) based on ASTM D 3238-85, respectively. It means the percentage of the total number of group carbons.
- HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C.” means a high-temperature high shear viscosity at 150 ° C. specified in ASTM D4683
- HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C.” means a high-temperature high viscosity at 100 ° C.
- ASTM D4683 Means shear viscosity.
- PSSI conforms to ASTM D 6022-01 (StandardPractice for Calculation of Permanent Shear Stability Index), as measured by ASTM D 6278-02 (TestMetohd for Shear Stability of Polymer Containing Fluids Using a European DieselInjector Apparatus) This means the permanent shear stability index of the polymer, calculated based on the data.
- the ratio A / B of the kinematic viscosity thickening effect A at 100 ° C. represented by the above formula (1) and the HTHS viscosity thickening effect B at 150 ° C. represented by the above formula (2) is fuel saving.
- the ratio C / B of the HTHS viscosity increasing effect C at 100 ° C. represented by the above formula (3) and the HTHS viscosity increasing effect B at 150 ° C. represented by the above formula (2) is:
- a viscosity index improver with a high ratio C / B which is one of the indicators of fuel economy performance, provides sufficient fuel efficiency because its viscosity temperature characteristics deteriorate when trying to maintain the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C. There is a risk of not being able to.
- the present invention has been made on the basis of the above-mentioned knowledge, the specific lubricating base oil, the ratio A / B is less than 3.2, and the ratio C / B is less than 1.5.
- a viscosity index improver By containing a viscosity index improver, a lubricating oil composition is realized in which the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C., the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C., and the HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C. are sufficiently low while maintaining the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C. It becomes possible.
- the viscosity index improver has the kinematic viscosity thickening effect D represented by the following formula (4) and the HTHS viscosity thickening effect at 150 ° C. represented by the above formula (2).
- a viscosity index improver having a ratio D / B with B of less than 10 is preferred.
- a viscosity index improver having a ratio D / B of less than 10 it is possible to reduce the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. while maintaining the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C., and thus improve the fuel saving performance. Become.
- D W ⁇ W 0 (4)
- D represents the effect of increasing the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C.
- W represents the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. (unit: mm) of the mixture of the lubricating base oil and 3% by mass of the viscosity index improver. 2 / s)
- W 0 represents the kinematic viscosity (unit: mm 2 / s) of the lubricating base oil at 40 ° C. ]
- the viscosity index improver is preferably a polymethacrylate having a PSSI of 30 or less.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention has a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of 5.6 to 9 mm 2 / s, an HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C. of 2.6 to 2.9 mPa ⁇ s, and a viscosity index of 150 or more. It is preferable.
- a lubricating oil composition having sufficiently low kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C., kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C., and HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C. while maintaining the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C. It becomes possible.
- a desired HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C. can be obtained without using a synthetic oil such as a poly- ⁇ -olefin base oil or an ester base oil or a low viscosity mineral oil base oil. While maintaining the value (2.9 mPa ⁇ s or more when the SAE viscosity grade is 0W-30 or 5W-30 oil), sufficient fuel economy can be exhibited.
- a lubricating oil base oil is 2 or less (hereinafter, " The lubricating base oil according to the present invention ”) is used.
- the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C.,% C p and% C A satisfy the above conditions.
- a lubricating oil fraction obtained by subjecting crude oil to atmospheric distillation and / or vacuum distillation is subjected to solvent removal, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydrorefining, sulfuric acid Of paraffinic mineral oil purified by combining one or more purification treatments such as washing and clay treatment alone or in combination of two or more, or normal paraffinic base oil, isoparaffinic base oil, etc., kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C, A base oil in which% C p and% C A satisfy the above conditions can be used.
- Preferred examples of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention include the following base oils (1) to (8) as raw materials, and the raw oil and / or the lubricating oil fraction recovered from the raw oil
- recovering lubricating oil fractions can be mentioned.
- Distilled oil by atmospheric distillation of paraffinic crude oil and / or mixed base crude oil (2) Distilled oil by vacuum distillation of atmospheric distillation residue of paraffinic crude oil and / or mixed base crude oil ( WVGO) (3) Wax (slack wax, etc.) obtained by the lubricant dewaxing process and / or synthetic wax (Fischer-Tropsch wax, GTL wax, etc.) obtained by the gas-to-liquid (GTL) process, etc.
- the above-mentioned predetermined purification methods include hydrorefining such as hydrocracking and hydrofinishing; solvent refining such as furfural solvent extraction; dewaxing such as solvent dewaxing and catalytic dewaxing; acid clay and activated clay White clay purification; chemical (acid or alkali) cleaning such as sulfuric acid cleaning and caustic soda cleaning are preferred.
- one of these purification methods may be performed alone, or two or more may be combined.
- the order in particular is not restrict
- the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is obtained by subjecting a base oil selected from the above base oils (1) to (8) or a lubricating oil fraction recovered from the base oil to a predetermined treatment.
- the following base oil (9) or (10) is particularly preferred.
- the base oil selected from the above base oils (1) to (8) or the lubricating oil fraction recovered from the base oil is hydrocracked and recovered from the product or the product by distillation or the like.
- dewaxing treatment such as solvent dewaxing or catalytic dewaxing on the lube oil fraction, or by distillation after the dewaxing treatment (10)
- a lubricating oil fraction recovered from the base oil is hydroisomerized, and the product or the lubricating oil fraction recovered from the product by distillation or the like is subjected to solvent dewaxing or catalytic dewaxing.
- Hydroisomerized mineral oil obtained by performing a dewaxing process such as or by distillation after the dewaxing process.
- the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention needs to be 6 mm 2 / s or less, preferably 5.7 mm 2 / s or less, more preferably 5.5 mm 2 / s or less, more preferably 5.2 mm 2 / s or less, particularly preferably 5.0 mm 2 / s or less, and most preferably not more than 4.5 mm 2 / s.
- the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. needs to be 1 mm 2 / s or more, preferably 1.5 mm 2 / s or more, more preferably 2 mm 2 / s or more, and still more preferably 2.
- the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is preferably 50 mm 2 / s or less, more preferably 45 mm 2 / s or less, still more preferably 40 mm 2 / s or less, and particularly preferably 35 mm 2 / s. s or less, most preferably 30 mm 2 / s or less.
- the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is preferably 6.0 mm 2 / s or more, more preferably 8.0 mm 2 / s or more, still more preferably 12 mm 2 / s or more, and particularly preferably 14 mm 2 / s or more.
- the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of the lubricating base oil exceeds 50 mm 2 / s, the low-temperature viscosity characteristics may be deteriorated, and sufficient fuel economy may not be obtained, which is 6.0 mm 2 / s or less. In such a case, the oil film formation at the lubrication site is insufficient, so that the lubricity is poor, and the evaporation loss of the lubricating oil composition may be increased.
- the viscosity index of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is preferably 120 or more, more preferably 130 or more, still more preferably 135 or more, and particularly preferably 140 or more. If the viscosity index is less than the lower limit, not only the viscosity-temperature characteristics, thermal / oxidative stability, and volatilization prevention properties deteriorate, but also the friction coefficient tends to increase, and wear prevention properties tend to decrease. It is in.
- the viscosity index as used in the present invention means a viscosity index measured according to JIS K 2283-1993.
- the density ( ⁇ 15 ) at 15 ° C. of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is preferably 0.860 or less, more preferably 0.850 or less, still more preferably 0.840 or less, particularly preferably. 0.822 or less.
- the density at 15 ° C. in the present invention means a density measured at 15 ° C. in accordance with JIS K 2249-1995.
- the pour point of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention depends on the viscosity grade of the lubricating base oil, but is preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. or lower, more preferably ⁇ 12.5 ° C. or lower, and still more preferably ⁇ It is 15 degrees C or less.
- the pour point as used in the present invention means a pour point measured according to JIS K 2269-1987.
- the AP of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is preferably 108 ° C or higher, more preferably 119 ° C or higher, and still more preferably 128 ° C or higher.
- the aniline point in the present invention means an aniline point measured according to JIS K 2256-1985.
- the iodine value of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is preferably 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less, still more preferably 1 or less, particularly preferably 0.9 or less, and most preferably 0.8. It is as follows. Further, it may be less than 0.01, but from the viewpoint of small effect corresponding to it and economic efficiency, it is preferably 0.001 or more, more preferably 0.01 or more, and further preferably 0.03. Above, especially preferably 0.05 or more.
- the iodine value as used in the field of this invention means the iodine value measured by the indicator titration method of JIS K0070 "acid value, saponification value, iodine value, hydroxyl value, and unsaponification value of a chemical product".
- the sulfur content in the lubricating base oil according to the present invention depends on the sulfur content of the raw material.
- a raw material that does not substantially contain sulfur such as a synthetic wax component obtained by a Fischer-Tropsch reaction or the like
- a lubricating base oil that does not substantially contain sulfur can be obtained.
- the sulfur content in the obtained lubricating base oil is usually 100 mass ppm. That's it.
- the sulfur content is preferably 100 mass ppm or less, more preferably 50 mass ppm or less, from the viewpoint of further improvement in thermal and oxidation stability and low sulfur content. More preferably, it is more preferably 10 ppm by mass or less, and particularly preferably 5 ppm by mass or less.
- the nitrogen content in the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 7 ppm by mass or less, more preferably 5 ppm by mass or less, and further preferably 3 ppm by mass or less. If the nitrogen content exceeds 5 ppm by mass, the thermal and oxidation stability tends to decrease.
- the nitrogen content in the present invention means a nitrogen content measured according to JIS K 2609-1990.
- the% C p of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention needs to be 70 or more, preferably 80 or more, more preferably 85 or more, still more preferably 87 or more, and particularly preferably 90 or more. . Further, it is preferably 99 or less, more preferably 96 or less, still more preferably 95 or less, and particularly preferably 94 or less. If the% C p of the lubricating base oil is less than the above lower limit value, the viscosity-temperature characteristics or thermal / oxidative stability will tend to be reduced, and further when an additive is added to the lubricating base oil. There exists a tendency for the effectiveness of the said additive to fall. Further, when the% C p value of the lubricating base oil exceeds the upper limit value, the additive solubility with low temperature fluidity is deteriorated tends to decrease.
- % C A of the lubricating base oil of the present invention is required to be 2 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less, more preferably 1 or less, particularly preferably 0.8 or less, and most preferably Is 0.5 or less.
- % C A of the lubricating base oil exceeds the upper limit value, the viscosity - temperature characteristics or further heat and oxidation stability, it tends to decrease.
- % C N of the lubricating base oil of the present invention is preferably 30 or less, more preferably 4 to 25, more preferably 5-13, particularly preferably from 5 to 8. If the% C N value of the lubricating base oil exceeds the upper limit value, the viscosity - temperature characteristic, thermal and oxidation stability and frictional properties will tend to be reduced. Moreover, when% CN is less than the said lower limit, it exists in the tendency for the solubility of an additive to fall.
- “% C N ” means the percentage of the total number of naphthene carbons determined by a method based on ASTM D 3238-85 (ndM ring analysis).
- the content of the saturated component in the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. and% C p and% C A satisfy the above conditions.
- it is preferably 90% by mass or more, preferably 95% by mass or more, more preferably 99% by mass or more
- the ratio of the cyclic saturated component in the saturated component is preferably 40% by mass or less. Yes, preferably 35% by mass or less, preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 25% by mass or less, and still more preferably 21% by mass or less.
- annular saturated part which occupies for the said saturated part becomes like this.
- the content of the saturated component and the ratio of the cyclic saturated component in the saturated component satisfy the above conditions, the viscosity-temperature characteristics and the heat / oxidation stability can be improved.
- the function of the additive can be expressed at a higher level while the additive is sufficiently stably dissolved and held in the lubricating base oil.
- the saturated content in the present invention is measured by the method described in ASTM D 2007-93.
- the aromatic content in the lubricating base oil of the invention has a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C.,% but C p and% C A is not particularly limited so far as it meets the above conditions, based on the lubricating base oils the total amount , Preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 4% by mass or less, still more preferably 3% by mass or less, particularly preferably 2% by mass or less, and preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0. It is 5% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 1.5% by mass or more.
- the lubricating base oil according to the present invention may not contain an aromatic component, but by further increasing the solubility of the additive by setting the aromatic content to be the above lower limit or more. Can do.
- the aromatic content in the present invention means a value measured according to ASTM D 2007-93.
- the lubricating base oil according to the present invention may be used alone, and the lubricating base oil according to the present invention may be one or two of the other lubricating base oils. You may use together with the above.
- the ratio of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention in the mixed base oil is 30% by mass or more. Is more preferable, it is more preferable that it is 50 mass% or more, and it is still more preferable that it is 70 mass% or more.
- the other lubricating base oil used in combination with the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but as the mineral base oil, for example, the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. is 1 to 100 mm 2 / s, Examples thereof include solvent refined mineral oil, hydrocracked mineral oil, hydrorefined mineral oil, solvent dewaxed base oil and the like in which% C p and% C A do not satisfy the above conditions.
- Synthetic base oils include poly- ⁇ -olefin or its hydride, isobutene oligomer or its hydride, isoparaffin, alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, diester (ditridecyl) whose kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C does not satisfy the above conditions.
- Glutarate di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, ditridecyl adipate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate, etc., polyol ester (trimethylolpropane caprylate, trimethylolpropane pelargonate, pentaerythritol 2-ethylhexanoate) , Pentaerythritol pelargonate, etc.), polyoxyalkylene glycol, dialkyl diphenyl ether, polyphenyl ether, and the like. Is preferred.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention has a kinematic viscosity thickening effect A at 100 ° C. represented by the following formula (1) and the following formula (2):
- a viscosity index improver having a ratio C / B with a thickening effect B of HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C. represented by (2) is less than 1.5.
- A XX 0 (1)
- A a kinematic viscosity thickening effect at 100 ° C.
- X represents a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. (unit: mm) of a mixture of the lubricating base oil and the viscosity index improver 3% by mass. 2 / s)
- X 0 represents the kinematic viscosity (unit: mm 2 / s) of the lubricating base oil at 100 ° C.
- D Y ⁇ Y 0 (2)
- C represents the effect of increasing the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C.
- Y represents the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C.
- the ratios A, C, and D of the thickening effect of the viscosity index improver are kinematic viscosities X 0 , X, HTHS viscosity Y 0 , Y at 150 ° C. and HTHS viscosity Z 0 , Z at 100 ° C. can be measured, respectively, and the difference XX 0 , YY 0 or ZZ 0 can be calculated. .
- the ratio A / B of the thickening effect of the viscosity index improver needs to be less than 3.2 as described above, preferably 3.15 or less, and more preferably 3.10 or less. 3.05 or less is most preferable.
- the ratio C / D of the thickening effect of the viscosity index improver needs to be less than 1.5, preferably 1.45 or less, more preferably 1.40 or less, and 1. It is especially preferable that it is 35 or less.
- the viscosity index improver used in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is a kinematic viscosity thickening effect D at 40 ° C. represented by the following formula (4) and at 150 ° C. represented by the above general formula (2).
- the ratio D / B of the HTHS viscosity to the thickening effect B is preferably less than 10.0, preferably 9.0 or less, more preferably 8.0 or less, and 7.0 or less. Most preferably it is.
- D W ⁇ W 0 (4)
- D represents the effect of increasing the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C.
- W represents the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C.
- W 0 represents the kinematic viscosity (unit: mm 2 / s) of the lubricating base oil at 40 ° C. ]
- the PSSI (Permanent Cysability Index) of the viscosity index improver is preferably 30 or less, more preferably 20 or less, further preferably 10 or less, particularly preferably 8 or less, and most preferably 6 or less.
- the lower limit of PSSI of the viscosity index improver (A) is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 3 or more.
- PSSI exceeds 30, the shear stability deteriorates, so that it is necessary to increase the initial kinematic viscosity, which may deteriorate the fuel economy.
- PSSI is less than 1, the effect of improving the viscosity index when dissolved in a lubricating base oil is small, which not only is inferior in fuel economy and low-temperature viscosity characteristics, but may increase in cost.
- the weight average molecular weight and PSSI ratio of the viscosity index improver is preferably 0.3 ⁇ 10 4 or more, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ 10 4 or more, more preferably 0.7 ⁇ 10 4 or more, particularly preferably 1 ⁇ 10 4 or more. If M W / PSSI is below 0.3 ⁇ 10 4, there is a possibility that fuel saving properties and low-temperature startability i.e. viscosity temperature characteristics and low temperature viscosity characteristics are deteriorated.
- the ratio of the weight average molecular weight (M W ) and the number average molecular weight (M N ) of the viscosity index improver (M W / M N ) is preferably 5.0 or less, more preferably 4.0 or less. More preferably, it is 3.5 or less, Most preferably, it is 3.0 or less. Further, it is preferred that the M W / M N is 1.0 or more, more preferably 2.0 or more, more preferably 2.5 or more, and particularly preferably 2.6 or more. When M W / M N is 4.0 or more or 1.0 or less, there is a possibility that sufficient storage stability and fuel economy cannot be maintained due to deterioration of solubility and viscosity temperature characteristics. .
- the viscosity index improver is not particularly limited as long as the ratios A / B and C / B of the thickening effect satisfy the above conditions.
- a poly (meth) acrylate compound that can be used as a viscosity index improver (here, the poly (meth) acrylate compound is a general term for a polyacrylate compound and a polymethacrylate compound) is preferably represented by the following general formula:
- a polymer of a polymerizable monomer containing the (meth) acrylate monomer represented by (5) (hereinafter referred to as “monomer M-1”).
- R 1 represents hydrogen or a methyl group
- R 2 represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 200 carbon atoms.
- the poly (meth) acrylate compound obtained by homopolymerization or copolymerization of two or more monomers represented by the general formula (5) is a so-called non-dispersed poly (meth) acrylate.
- the poly (meth) acrylate-based compound according to the present invention comprises a monomer represented by the general formula (5) and one or more monomers selected from the following general formulas (6) and (7) (hereinafter referred to as “monomer M-2”). And a so-called dispersed poly (meth) acrylate obtained by copolymerization of “monomer M-3”).
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 4 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- E 1 represents 1 to 2 nitrogen atoms, and 0 to 2 oxygen atoms.
- Each represents an amine residue or a heterocyclic residue
- a represents 0 or 1.
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- E 2 represents an amine residue or a heterocyclic residue containing 1 to 2 nitrogen atoms and 0 to 2 oxygen atoms.
- Specific examples of the group represented by E 1 and E 2 include a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group, a dipropylamino group, a dibutylamino group, an anilino group, a toluidino group, a xylidino group, an acetylamino group, and a benzoylamino group.
- Morpholino group pyrrolyl group, pyrrolino group, pyridyl group, methylpyridyl group, pyrrolidinyl group, piperidinyl group, quinonyl group, pyrrolidonyl group, pyrrolidono group, imidazolino group, pyrazino group and the like.
- monomer M-2 and monomer M-3 are specifically dimethylaminomethyl methacrylate, diethylaminomethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, and morpholinomethyl methacrylate. And morpholinoethyl methacrylate, N-vinylpyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof.
- the weight average molecular weight (M w ) of the poly (meth) acrylate compound is preferably 5,000 or more, more preferably 10,000 or more, still more preferably 20,000 or more, and particularly preferably. 50,000 or more. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 700,000 or less, More preferably, it is 500,000 or less, More preferably, it is 200,000 or less, Especially preferably, it is 100,000 or less. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 5,000, the effect of improving the viscosity index when dissolved in a lubricating base oil is small, resulting in not only inferior fuel economy and low-temperature viscosity characteristics, but also the cost may increase. If the average molecular weight exceeds 1,000,000, shear stability, solubility in lubricating base oil, and storage stability may be deteriorated.
- a styrene-diene hydrogenated copolymer that can be used as a viscosity index improver is a compound obtained by hydrogenating a copolymer of styrene and diene.
- the diene include butadiene and isoprene.
- a hydrogenated copolymer of styrene and isoprene is preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight (M W ) of the styrene-diene hydrogenated copolymer is preferably 5,000 or more, more preferably 10,000 or more, and further preferably 15,000 or more. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 100,000 or less, More preferably, it is 80,000 or less, More preferably, it is 70,000 or less. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 5,000, the effect of improving the viscosity index when dissolved in a lubricating base oil is small, resulting in not only inferior fuel economy and low-temperature viscosity characteristics, but also the cost may increase. When the average molecular weight exceeds 100,000, shear stability, solubility in lubricating base oil, and storage stability may be deteriorated.
- the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer or hydride thereof that can be used as a viscosity index improver is a copolymer of ethylene and ⁇ -olefin or a hydrogenated compound thereof.
- Specific examples of the ⁇ -olefin include propylene, isobutylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene and the like.
- the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer is not only a so-called non-dispersed type composed of only hydrocarbons, but also a so-called dispersed type ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer obtained by reacting a polar compound such as a nitrogen-containing compound with the copolymer. Can be used.
- the weight average molecular weight (M w ) of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer or its hydride is preferably 5,000 or more, more preferably 10,000 or more, and further preferably 30,000 or more. is there. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 500,000 or less, More preferably, it is 400,000 or less, More preferably, it is 300,000 or less. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 5,000, the effect of improving the viscosity index when dissolved in a lubricating base oil is small, resulting in not only inferior fuel economy and low-temperature viscosity characteristics, but also the cost may increase. When the average molecular weight exceeds 500,000, shear stability, solubility in lubricating base oil, and storage stability may be deteriorated.
- the viscosity index improver used in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably poly (meth) acrylate.
- the content of the viscosity index improver in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 15.0% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 14.0% by mass, based on the total amount of the composition. %, More preferably 1.0 to 13.0 mass%, particularly preferably 1.5 to 12.0 mass%.
- the content is less than 0.1% by mass, the low temperature characteristics may be insufficient, and when the content exceeds 15.0% by mass, the shear stability of the composition may be deteriorated. .
- a friction modifier selected from an organic molybdenum compound and an ashless friction modifier can be further added in order to improve fuel saving performance.
- organic molybdenum compound used in the present invention examples include organic molybdenum compounds containing sulfur such as molybdenum dithiophosphate and molybdenum dithiocarbamate.
- the content is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0, in terms of molybdenum element, based on the total amount of the composition. 0.005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.02% by mass or more, preferably 0.2% by mass or less, more preferably 0.1% by mass or less, particularly Preferably it is 0.07 mass% or less.
- the content is less than 0.001% by mass, the friction reducing effect tends to be insufficient.
- the content exceeds 0.2% by mass, an effect commensurate with the content cannot be obtained, and the storage stability of the lubricating oil composition tends to decrease.
- any compound usually used as a friction modifier for lubricating oils can be used, for example, an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, particularly a carbon number.
- examples include ashless friction modifiers such as amine compounds, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, fatty acids, aliphatic alcohols, and aliphatic ethers having at least one linear alkyl group or linear alkenyl group of 6 to 30 in the molecule. It is done.
- R 6 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms having functionality, preferably a hydrocarbon group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms or functionality.
- a hydrocarbon group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms more preferably an alkyl group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group or a hydrocarbon group having functionality, particularly preferably an alkenyl group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms
- R 7 And R 8 are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or hydrogen having functionality, preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a functional group.
- X represents oxygen or sulfur, preferably oxygen.
- R 9 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a functional hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably a hydrocarbon group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms or a functional group.
- R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a functional hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or hydrogen, preferably a hydrocarbon having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the nitrogen-containing compound represented by the general formula (8) include a hydrazide having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a functional hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms and derivatives thereof. is there.
- R 9 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a functional hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms
- R 10 to R 12 are hydrogen
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or the functionality is Any one of R 9 and R 10 to R 12 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a functional hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- N-hydrocarbyl hydrazide having a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a functional hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms (hydrocarbyl is a hydrocarbon group) Etc.).
- the content of the ashless friction modifier is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.1% by mass, based on the total amount of the composition. % Or more, more preferably 0.3% by mass or more, preferably 3% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less, and still more preferably 1% by mass or less.
- the content of the ashless friction modifier is less than 0.01% by mass, the effect of reducing friction due to the addition tends to be insufficient, and when the content exceeds 3% by mass, the effect of an antiwear additive or the like. Tends to be inhibited, or the solubility of the additive tends to deteriorate.
- an organic molybdenum compound or an ashless friction modifier may be used alone, or both may be used in combination, but it is more preferable to use an organic molybdenum compound.
- any additive generally used in lubricating oils can be contained depending on the purpose.
- additives include metal detergents, ashless dispersants, antioxidants, antiwear agents (or extreme pressure agents), corrosion inhibitors, rust inhibitors, pour point depressants, demulsifiers, metals
- additives such as an inactivating agent and an antifoaming agent.
- Metal-based detergents include alkali salts such as alkali metal sulfonates or alkaline earth metal sulfonates, alkali metal phenates or alkaline earth metal phenates, and alkali metal salicylates or alkaline earth metal salicylates, basic normal salts or overbased salts. Etc.
- alkali metal or alkaline earth metal detergents selected from the group consisting of these, particularly alkaline earth metal detergents can be preferably used.
- a magnesium salt and / or a calcium salt is preferable, and a calcium salt is more preferably used.
- any ashless dispersant used in lubricating oils can be used.
- antioxidants examples include ashless antioxidants such as phenols and amines, and metal antioxidants such as copper and molybdenum.
- phenol-based ashless antioxidants include 4,4′-methylenebis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4′-bis (2,6-di-tert-
- amine-based ashless antioxidants include phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine, alkylphenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine, and dialkyldiphenylamine.
- any antiwear agent / extreme pressure agent used for lubricating oil can be used.
- sulfur-based, phosphorus-based, sulfur-phosphorus extreme pressure agents and the like can be used.
- addition of a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent is preferable, and sulfurized fats and oils are particularly preferable.
- corrosion inhibitor examples include benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, thiadiazole, and imidazole compounds.
- rust preventive examples include petroleum sulfonate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, alkenyl succinic acid ester, and polyhydric alcohol ester.
- pour point depressant for example, a polymethacrylate polymer compatible with the lubricating base oil to be used can be used.
- demulsifier examples include polyalkylene glycol nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, or polyoxyethylene alkyl naphthyl ether.
- metal deactivators include imidazoline, pyrimidine derivatives, alkylthiadiazoles, mercaptobenzothiazoles, benzotriazoles or derivatives thereof, 1,3,4-thiadiazole polysulfide, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl-2,5-bis.
- metal deactivators include imidazoline, pyrimidine derivatives, alkylthiadiazoles, mercaptobenzothiazoles, benzotriazoles or derivatives thereof, 1,3,4-thiadiazole polysulfide, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl-2,5-bis.
- Examples thereof include dialkyldithiocarbamate, 2- (alkyldithio) benzimidazole, and ⁇ - (o-carboxybenzylthio) propiononitrile.
- the antifoaming agent examples include silicone oil having a kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C. of 1000 to 100,000 mm 2 / s, alkenyl succinic acid derivative, ester of polyhydroxy aliphatic alcohol and long chain fatty acid, methyl salicylate and o-hydroxy.
- examples thereof include benzyl alcohol.
- the content thereof is 0.01 to 10% by mass based on the total amount of the composition.
- the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 5.6 to 9.0 mm 2 / s, preferably 6.0 mm 2 / s or more, more preferably 6.5 mm 2 / s. That's it. Moreover, the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 8.5 mm 2 / s or less, more preferably 8.0 mm 2 / s or less. When the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C.
- the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 20 to 32 mm 2 / s, preferably 22 to 31 mm 2 / s, more preferably 24 to 30 mm 2 / s.
- the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is less than 20 mm 2 / s, there is a risk of insufficient lubricity, and when it exceeds 32 mm 2 / s, the necessary low temperature viscosity and sufficient fuel saving performance may not be obtained. is there.
- the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably in the range of 140 to 350, and the lower limit is more preferably 150 or more, still more preferably 160 or more, and still more preferably 170 or more.
- the upper limit is more preferably 300 or less, still more preferably 285 or less, and particularly preferably 270 or less.
- the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is less than 140, it may be difficult to improve fuel economy while maintaining the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C., and the low temperature at ⁇ 30 ° C. or lower. It may be difficult to reduce the viscosity.
- the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is 350 or more, low temperature fluidity is deteriorated, and there is a risk that problems due to insufficient solubility of the additive and compatibility with the sealing material may occur. There is.
- the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C. of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 2.45 Pa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 2.50 mPa ⁇ s or more, and further preferably 2.55 mPa ⁇ s or more. Further, the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C. of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 3.2 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 3.1 mPa ⁇ s or less, still more preferably 3.0 mPa ⁇ s or less, particularly preferably 2 .9 mPa ⁇ s or less. When the kinematic viscosity at 150 ° C. is less than 2.5 mPa ⁇ s, there is a risk of insufficient lubricity, and when it exceeds 3.2 mPa ⁇ s, the necessary low temperature viscosity and sufficient fuel saving performance may not be obtained. There is.
- the HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C. of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 3.0 mPa ⁇ s or more, preferably 3.5 mPa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 4.0 mPa ⁇ s or more, particularly preferably 4 It is 5 mPa ⁇ s or more.
- the HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C. of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 8.0 mPa ⁇ s or less, preferably 7.5 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 7.0 mPa ⁇ s or less, particularly preferably. Is 6.0 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. is less than 3.0 mPa ⁇ s, there is a risk of insufficient lubricity, and if it exceeds 8.0 mPa ⁇ s, the necessary low temperature viscosity and sufficient fuel saving performance cannot be obtained. There is a fear.
- the ratio of the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C. to the HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C. (HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C./HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C.) of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 0.50 or more. Preferably it is 0.51 or more, More preferably, it is 0.52 or more, Most preferably, it is 0.53 or more. If the ratio is less than 0.50, the viscosity-temperature characteristic is deteriorated, so that sufficient fuel saving performance may not be obtained.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is excellent in fuel economy and low temperature viscosity, and at 150 ° C. without using a synthetic oil such as a poly- ⁇ -olefin base oil or an ester base oil or a low viscosity mineral oil base oil.
- the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. and 100 ° C. and the HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C. of the lubricating oil are reduced, which is effective for improving fuel efficiency while maintaining the HTHS viscosity at a certain level.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention having such excellent characteristics can be suitably used as fuel-saving engine oils such as fuel-saving gasoline engine oil and fuel-saving diesel engine oil.
- Example 1 and 2 Comparative Examples 1 and 2
- lubricating oil compositions were prepared using the following base oils and additives, respectively.
- Table 1 shows the properties of the base oil X. Further, a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C., a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C., a viscosity index, an HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C.
- Table 2 shows the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C., the thickening effects A to D, and the ratios A / B, C / B, and D / B.
- Table 4 shows the compositions and properties (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. or 100 ° C., viscosity index, HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C. or 150 ° C.) of the lubricating oil compositions of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2.
- Base oil Base oil
- Base oil X Wax isomerized base oil produced by wax isomerization (viscosity index improver)
- B Performance additive package (including metal detergent, ashless dispersant, antioxidant, phosphorus antiwear agent, friction modifier and
- Example 3 Comparative Example 3
- lubricating oil compositions were prepared using the following additives in YUBASE-4 manufactured by SK Energy Co., Ltd. shown in Table 1.
- kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C.
- viscosity index kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. obtained for a mixture obtained by adding 3.0% by mass of each viscosity index improver to YUBASE-4 based on the total amount of the mixture
- Table 3 shows the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C., the thickening effects A to D, and the ratios A / B, C / B, and D / B.
- Table 4 shows the compositions and properties (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. or 100 ° C., viscosity index, HTHS viscosity at 100 ° C. or 150 ° C.) of the lubricating oil compositions of Example 3 and Comparative Example 3.
- PMA-1 Same as above.
- C Performance additive package (including metal detergent, ashless dispersant, antioxidant, phosphorus antiwear agent, friction modifier and antifoaming agent)
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Abstract
Description
A=X-X0 (1)
[式(1)中、Aは100℃における動粘度の増粘効果を示し、Xは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の100℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示し、X0は前記潤滑油基油の100℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示す。]
B=Y-Y0 (2)
[式(2)中、Bは150℃におけるHTHS粘度の増粘効果を示し、Yは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の150℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示し、Y0は前記潤滑油基油の150℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示す。]
C=Z-Z0 (3)
[式(3)中、Cは100℃におけるHTHS粘度の増粘効果を示し、Zは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の100℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示し、Z0は前記潤滑油基油の100℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示す。]
D=W-W0 (4)
[式(4)中、Dは40℃における動粘度の増粘効果を示し、Wは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の40℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示し、W0は前記潤滑油基油の40℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示す。]
(1)パラフィン基系原油および/または混合基系原油の常圧蒸留による留出油
(2)パラフィン基系原油および/または混合基系原油の常圧蒸留残渣油の減圧蒸留による留出油(WVGO)
(3)潤滑油脱ろう工程により得られるワックス(スラックワックス等)および/またはガストゥリキッド(GTL)プロセス等により得られる合成ワックス(フィッシャートロプシュワックス、GTLワックス等)
(4)基油(1)~(3)から選ばれる1種または2種以上の混合油および/または当該混合油のマイルドハイドロクラッキング処理油
(5)基油(1)~(4)から選ばれる2種以上の混合油
(6)基油(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)または(5)の脱れき油(DAO)
(7)基油(6)のマイルドハイドロクラッキング処理油(MHC)
(8)基油(1)~(7)から選ばれる2種以上の混合油。
(9)上記基油(1)~(8)から選ばれる基油または当該基油から回収された潤滑油留分を水素化分解し、その生成物またはその生成物から蒸留等により回収される潤滑油留分について溶剤脱ろうや接触脱ろうなどの脱ろう処理を行い、または当該脱ろう処理をした後に蒸留することによって得られる水素化分解鉱油
(10)上記基油(1)~(8)から選ばれる基油または当該基油から回収された潤滑油留分を水素化異性化し、その生成物またはその生成物から蒸留等により回収される潤滑油留分について溶剤脱ろうや接触脱ろうなどの脱ろう処理を行い、または、当該脱ろう処理をしたあとに蒸留することによって得られる水素化異性化鉱油。
ρ=0.0025×X0+0.816 (A)
[式中、X0は潤滑油基油の100℃における動粘度(mm2/s)を示す。]
AP0=4.3×X0+100 (B)
[式(B)中、X0は潤滑油基油の100℃における動粘度(mm2/s)を示す。]
A=X-X0 (1)
[式(1)中、Aは100℃における動粘度の増粘効果を示し、Xは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の100℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示し、X0は前記潤滑油基油の100℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示す。]
D=Y-Y0 (2)
[式(2)中、Cは150℃におけるHTHS粘度の増粘効果を示し、Yは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の150℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示し、Y0は前記潤滑油基油の150℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示す。]
C=Z-Z0 (3)
[式(3)中、Cは100℃におけるHTHS粘度の増粘効果を示し、Zは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の100℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示し、Z0は前記潤滑油基油の100℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示す。]
D=W-W0 (4)
[式(4)中、Dは40℃における動粘度の増粘効果を示し、Wは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の40℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示し、W0は前記潤滑油基油の40℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示す。]
実施例1~2および比較例1~2においては、それぞれ以下に示す基油および添加剤を用いて潤滑油組成物を調製した。基油Xの性状を表1に示す。また、基油Xに各粘度指数向上剤を混合物全量基準で3.0質量%添加した混合物について得られた、40℃における動粘度、100℃における動粘度、粘度指数、100℃におけるHTHS粘度、150℃におけるHTHS粘度、増粘効果A~D、およびそれらの比A/B、C/B、D/Bを表2に示す。また、実施例1~2および比較例1~2の潤滑油組成物の組成および性状(40℃または100℃における動粘度、粘度指数、100℃または150℃におけるHTHS粘度)を表4に示す。
(基油)
基油X:ワックス異性化により製造されたワックス異性化基油
(粘度指数向上剤)
PMA-1: 非分散型ポリメタクリレート(重量平均分子量=380,000、PSSI=27、Mw/PSSI=1.41×104)
PMA-2:非分散型ポリメタクリレート(重量平均分子量=414,000、PSSI=4、Mw/PSSI=10.35×104)
PMA-3:非分散型ポリメタクリレート(重量平均分子量=30,000、PSSI=5、Mw/PSSI=0.6×104)
PMA-4:非分散型ポリメタクリレート(重量平均分子量=300,000、PSSI=28、Mw/PSSI=1.09×104)
(その他添加剤)
B:性能添加剤パッケージ(金属清浄剤、無灰分散剤、酸化防止剤、リン系摩耗防止剤、摩擦調整剤および消泡剤を含む)
実施例3および比較例3においては、表1に示すSKエナジー(株)製YUBASE-4にそれぞれ以下に示す添加剤を用いて潤滑油組成物を調製した。また、YUBASE-4に各粘度指数向上剤を混合物全量基準で3.0質量%添加した混合物について得られた、40℃における動粘度、100℃における動粘度、粘度指数、100℃におけるHTHS粘度、150℃におけるHTHS粘度、増粘効果A~D、およびそれらの比A/B、C/B、D/Bを表3に示す。また、実施例3および比較例3の潤滑油組成物の組成および性状(40℃または100℃における動粘度、粘度指数、100℃または150℃におけるHTHS粘度)を表4に示す。
(粘度指数向上剤)
PMA-1:上記に同じ。
PMA-5:分散型ポリメタクリレート(重量平均分子量=290,000、PSSI=40、Mw/PSSI=0.73×104)
(その他添加剤)
C:性能添加剤パッケージ(金属清浄剤、無灰分散剤、酸化防止剤、リン系摩耗防止剤、摩擦調整剤および消泡剤を含む)
以下の条件でエンジンモータリング試験を実施し、摩擦トルクを測定してその低減率を評価した。得られた結果を表4に示す。
使用エンジン:三菱自工製2400cc、DOHCローラー型動弁系
回転数:1,000~3,000rpm
油温:60,80,95℃
評価:比較例2を基準油とした場合の、摩擦トルク低減率(単位:%)で表示
Claims (4)
- 100℃における動粘度が1~6mm2/s、%Cpが70以上、かつ、%CAが2以下である潤滑油基油と、
前記潤滑油基油に添加したときに、下記式(1)で表される100℃における動粘度の増粘効果Aと下記式(2)で表される150℃におけるHTHS粘度の増粘効果Bとの比A/Bが3.2未満であり、かつ、下記式(3)で表される100℃におけるHTHS粘度の増粘効果Cと下記式(2)で表される150℃におけるHTHS粘度の増粘効果Bとの比C/Bが1.5未満である粘度指数向上剤と、
を含有することを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
A=X-X0 (1)
[式(1)中、Aは100℃における動粘度の増粘効果を示し、Xは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の100℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示し、X0は前記潤滑油基油の100℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示す。]
B=Y-Y0 (2)
[式(2)中、Bは150℃におけるHTHS粘度の増粘効果を示し、Yは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の150℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示し、Y0は前記潤滑油基油の150℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示す。]
C=Z-Z0 (3)
[式(3)中、Cは100℃におけるHTHS粘度の増粘効果を示し、Zは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の100℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示し、Z0は前記潤滑油基油の100℃におけるHTHS粘度(単位:mPa・s)を示す。] - 前記粘度指数向上剤が、下記式(4)で表される40℃における動粘度の増粘効果Dと前記式(2)で表される150℃におけるHTHS粘度の増粘効果Bとの比D/Bが10未満である粘度指数向上剤であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
D=W-W0 (4)
[式(4)中、Dは40℃における動粘度の増粘効果を示し、Wは前記潤滑油基油と前記粘度指数向上剤3質量%との混合物の40℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示し、W0は前記潤滑油基油の40℃における動粘度(単位:mm2/s)を示す。] - 前記粘度指数向上剤がPSSI30以下のポリメタクリレートであることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 100℃における動粘度が5.6~9mm2/s、150℃におけるHTHS粘度が2.6~2.9mPa・s、粘度指数が150以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
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EP2474602A4 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
JP5689592B2 (ja) | 2015-03-25 |
CN102482612A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
US8796194B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 |
US20120157361A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
EP2474602A1 (en) | 2012-07-11 |
CN105038937A (zh) | 2015-11-11 |
JP2011052108A (ja) | 2011-03-17 |
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