WO2007105556A1 - 光学材料用硬化性組成物及び光導波路 - Google Patents
光学材料用硬化性組成物及び光導波路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007105556A1 WO2007105556A1 PCT/JP2007/054419 JP2007054419W WO2007105556A1 WO 2007105556 A1 WO2007105556 A1 WO 2007105556A1 JP 2007054419 W JP2007054419 W JP 2007054419W WO 2007105556 A1 WO2007105556 A1 WO 2007105556A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/1221—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths made from organic materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/226—Mixtures of di-epoxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/30—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
- C08G59/306—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/14—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
- C09D183/06—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/13—Integrated optical circuits characterised by the manufacturing method
- G02B6/138—Integrated optical circuits characterised by the manufacturing method by using polymerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/70—Siloxanes defined by use of the MDTQ nomenclature
Definitions
- Curable composition for optical material and optical waveguide are Curable composition for optical material and optical waveguide
- the present invention relates to a curable composition for optical materials, and more particularly, to a curable composition for optical materials that can be used for various optical components, optical integrated circuits, optical wiring boards, optical waveguides, and the like.
- the present invention relates to an optical waveguide provided with a component obtained by curing an object.
- An optical waveguide for example, is a special type that confines light by creating a part with a slightly higher refractive index than the surroundings on the surface of the substrate or directly under the substrate surface, and performs optical multiplexing / demultiplexing and switching. It is an optical component. Specific examples include optical multiplexing / demultiplexing circuits, frequency filters, optical switches, or optical interconnection components that are useful in the fields of communication and optical information processing. For example, WDM systems that transmit time-divided signals at different wavelengths are considered promising as systems that can realize high-speed and large-capacity communication necessary for an advanced information society. Optical devices that are key in this WDM system are: Examples include light sources, optical amplifiers, optical multiplexers / demultiplexers, optical switches, wavelength tunable filters, and wavelength converters.
- the optical waveguide device can realize high-performance compactly based on a precisely designed waveguide circuit, can be mass-produced, and can produce many types of optical waveguides on a single chip. And the like.
- inorganic glass having excellent transparency and low optical anisotropy has been mainly used as an optical waveguide material.
- inorganic glass has problems such as heavy breakage and high production cost.
- inorganic glass instead of inorganic glass, in the visible light region such as 0.85 zm, and in the infrared region, too. 1. 3 ⁇ : 1.
- optical waveguide components using polymer materials that are transparent at communication wavelengths such as 55 xm.
- Patent Document 1 includes a silicon atom having an epoxy group as an essential component and at least three bonding elements that are oxygen atoms, and a Si—R group (R is an alkyl group, A phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group, a phenylalkyl group, or an alkyl group, a phenyl group, an alkyl group in which part or all of the hydrogen atoms in R are halogenated or deuterated. (Ruylphenyl group or phenylalkyl group), Si—OH group-free layer, weight-average molecular weight 500 to 1,000,000-containing polymer and curing catalyst A curable composition and an optical waveguide obtained by curing the curable composition are disclosed.
- R is an alkyl group, A phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group, a phenylalkyl group, or an alkyl group, a phenyl group, an alkyl group in which part or all of the hydrogen atoms in R are
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-10849 Claims
- the curable composition for optical materials using a epoxy-containing polymer having an epoxy group as a macromonomer has heat resistance and transparency (low in communication wavelength). Although it is excellent in light loss and the like and has good moisture resistance to some extent, in recent years, optical waveguides have been produced under higher temperature and humidity conditions, and the moisture resistance is no longer sufficient.
- the object of the present invention is to satisfy the heat resistance, moisture resistance, and transparency at the communication wavelength (low optical loss property) at the same time, and is particularly excellent as a material for optical waveguides.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an optical waveguide comprising an article and a member obtained by curing the composition.
- X and Y may be the same or different, and may be a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a fluoroalkylenole group, a perfluoroalkyl group, a phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group, a fluorophenyl group, or a perfluorophenyl group.
- the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention comprises (D): an epoxy resin represented by the following general formula (2)
- R 1 represents hydrogen, which may be the same or different, and an alkyl group having! To 4 carbon atoms.
- the present invention is an optical waveguide characterized by having a core formed by curing the above-described curable composition for optical materials.
- the present invention is the optical waveguide having a clad formed by curing the curable composition for optical materials.
- the present invention is a method for producing an optical waveguide, comprising the step of curing the above-mentioned curable composition for optical materials to form a core.
- the present invention is the above-described method for producing an optical waveguide, comprising the step of curing the curable composition for an optical material to form a clad.
- the effect of the present invention is to satisfy the heat resistance, moisture resistance, and transparency at the communication wavelength (low light loss) at the same time, and particularly excellent as a material for an optical waveguide, and a curable composition for an optical material.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an optical waveguide comprising a component obtained by curing the composition.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a process for forming an optical waveguide of the present invention.
- Component (A) C-containing polymer
- the silicon-containing polymer used in the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention has an epoxy group in its structure and has a silicon atom bonded to at least three oxygen atoms. Yes.
- the silicon-containing polymer used in the present invention has a Si_R group in its structure, and R represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group, a phenylalkyl group, or Some or all of the hydrogen atoms in R are halogenated or deuterated, such as an anoquinol group, a phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group, or a phenylalkyl group.
- the hydrogen atoms in R are halogenated or deuterated.
- halogenation fluorination is preferred. Specifically, 3, 3, 3_trifluoropropyl group, pentafluorophenyl group, etc. are preferred. Masle.
- deuterated group a deuterated phenyl group is preferable.
- the silicon-containing polymer used in the present invention has a Si—OR ′ group in its structure, and R ′ is an alkyl group, a phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group, or a phenylalkyl group. Or an alkyl group, a phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group, or a phenylalkyl group in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms in R ′ are halogenated or deuterated.
- the weight-average molecular weight of the silicon-containing polymer used in the present invention is in the range of 1,000 to 1,000,000, preferably in the range of 1,000 to 500,000 in terms of polystyrene.
- the weight-average molecular weight of the silicon-containing polymer is less than 1000, desired physical properties cannot be obtained (decrease in thermal weight loss temperature), and if it exceeds 1,000,000, sufficient physical properties cannot be obtained (light scattering does not occur). Or the viscosity becomes high and handling becomes difficult and productivity decreases).
- the epoxy equivalent (value obtained by dividing the molecular weight by the number of epoxy groups) of the silicon-containing polymer used in the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably an epoxy equivalent. 100-2000 is good.
- the silicon-containing polymer used in the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention includes boron, magnesium, aluminum, phosphorus, titanium, iron, zirconium, niobium as atoms other than silicon.
- boron, aluminum, phosphorus, titanium, zirconium, tin, and germanium are preferable, which may contain one or more atoms selected from the group consisting of tin, tellurium, tantalum, and germanium.
- hydrolysis or condensation with alkoxysilanes or chlorosilanes and alcoholates of other atoms can be used, or treated with a complex of other atoms.
- An epoxy group can be introduced into a silicon-containing polymer by hydrolysis and condensation reaction of alkoxysilane and / or chlorosilane having an epoxy group.
- An epoxy group can be introduced into a silicon-containing polymer by a hydrosilylation reaction between chlorosilane or at least one of these polymers and an epoxy compound having a vinyl group (for example, bicyclohexenoxide).
- hydrolysis of alkoxysilane and / or chlorosilane having a silane group (Si-H) and a polymer obtained by a condensation reaction and an epoxy compound having a bur group are hydrosilylated. It is preferable to use for.
- a polymer obtained by a hydrolysis reaction of alkoxysilane and Z or chlorosilane having a bur group (one CH CH), and an epoxy compound having a silane group (for example, glycidoxydimethylsilane), It can introduce
- the (A) component-containing polymer used in the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention has an epoxy group in the hydrolysis / condensation reaction of alkoxysilane and / or chlorosilane. , Alkoxysilane and / or chlorosilane.
- the hydrolysis / condensation reaction may be performed only with an alkoxysilane and / or chlorosilane having an epoxy group, but from the viewpoint of physical properties, the hydrolysis / condensation reaction should be performed by mixing with other alkoxysilanes. Is preferred.
- the (A) component-containing polymer used in the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention has a silane group in the hydrolysis reaction of alkoxysilane and Z or chlorosilane.
- Alkoxysilane and / or chlorosilane having a silane group is present to form a polymer having a silane group, and then the polymer and an epoxy compound having a vinyl group (eg, bullcyclohexenoxide) are hydrosilylated. It can be used for the chemical reaction and can be manufactured.
- the alkoxysilane and / or chlorosilane can be hydrolyzed in the condensation reaction by the presence of an alkoxysilane having a bur group and / or a chlorosilane having a vinyl group to form a polymer having a bur group.
- a polymer and an epoxy compound having a silane group can be produced by subjecting to a hydrosilylation reaction.
- a conventionally known platinum catalyst or the like is known.
- a hydrosilylation reaction may be performed using a catalyst.
- the epoxy compound used for introducing an epoxy group into a silicon-containing polymer by a hydrosilylation reaction is a compound having an epoxy group and a bur group or a compound having an epoxy group and a silane group. I just need it. Specific examples include burcyclohexene oxide and glycidoxydimethylsilane.
- the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of alkoxysilane may be performed by performing so-called sol-gel reaction.
- the reaction include a method of performing a hydrolysis / condensation reaction with a catalyst such as an acid or a base in the absence of a solvent or in a solvent.
- the solvent used here is not particularly limited.
- water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, t-butanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, Toluene and the like can be mentioned, and one of these can be used, or two or more can be mixed and used.
- the hydrolysis-condensation reaction of the alkoxysilane generates silanol groups (Si—OH) by hydrolysis with alkoxysilane-powered water, and the generated silanol groups or the silanol groups and the alkoxy groups condense. Go on.
- the water may be added to a solvent, or the catalyst may be dissolved in water.
- the hydrolysis reaction can also proceed with moisture in the air or trace amounts of moisture contained in the solvent.
- the catalyst such as acid and base used in the hydrolysis 'condensation reaction is not particularly limited as long as it promotes the hydrolysis' condensation reaction, and specifically, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, etc.
- Inorganic acids Organic acids such as acetic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, monoisopropyl phosphate;
- Inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide and ammonia; amine compounds such as trimethylenoamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine and diethanolamine; titanium esters such as tetraisopropyl titanate and tetrabutyl titanate ; Tin carboxylates such as dibutyltin laurate and tin octylate; Fluorine compounds such as trifluoroboron; chlorides and naphthenates of metals such as iron, cobalt, manganese and zinc; or octylic acid Examples include metal carboxy
- a method in which an acid catalyst is added and the reaction is allowed to proceed under acidic conditions (pH 7 or lower), and then a basic catalyst is added and the reaction is performed under basic conditions (pH 7 or higher) is preferred.
- the order of the hydrolysis' condensation reaction is not particularly limited. For example, when an alkoxysilane having an epoxy group is used to introduce an epoxy group, an alkoxysilane having an epoxy group and another alkoxysilane are used. A mixture of the two may be used to carry out a hydrolysis 'condensation reaction alone, and after performing a hydrolysis' condensation reaction to some extent, another may be added to perform further hydrolysis / condensation reaction.
- the silicon-containing polymer used in the curable composition for an optical material of the present invention is obtained by condensing silicon dioxide after removing sodium from sodium silicate by ion exchange or the like. You can also use things.
- the alkoxysilane or chlorosilane used in the production of the (A) component-containing polymer used in the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention is hydrolyzed and condensed in the molecule. More specifically, the ability to have an alkoxy group that reacts, and the Si-C1 group, are trimethylenomethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyljetoxysilane, dimethoxymethylsilane, tetramethoxysilane, tetra Ethoxysilane, Methyltrimethoxysilane, Methylenotriethoxysilane, Methylenoresimethoxysilane, Methylenoretoxysilane, Dimethylethoxysilane, Dimethylvinylmethoxysilane, Dimethylvinylethoxysilane, Methylvinyldimethoxysilane, Methylvinyljetoxys
- a part or all of which is halogenated (particularly fluorinated) or deuterated is halogenated (particularly fluorinated) or deuterated.
- deuterated phenyltrimethoxysilane, pentafluorophenyltriethoxysilane, (3, 3, 3-trifluoropropyl) trimethoxysilane and the like are preferably used.
- the alkoxysilane having an epoxy group used for introducing an epoxy group in the silicon-containing polymer used in the curable composition for an optical material of the present invention is only required to have an epoxy group in the molecule.
- 4 _Alkoxysilane having an epoxycyclohexyl group is used under mild conditions (others When using other alkoxysilanes, perform a hydrolysis reaction (under mild conditions in a separate kettle from other alkoxysilanes) to make the liquid neutral or alkaline, and then mix the reaction liquids and calothermal polycondensation. It is preferable to obtain a copolymer from the viewpoint of improving the thermal weight loss temperature.
- epoxy groups are bonded to a silicon atom without an oxygen atom in the middle.
- ⁇ - (3,4-epoxycyclohexylene) ethyltrimethoxysilane and ⁇ _ (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltriethoxysilane are preferable.
- the chlorosilane having an epoxy group used for introducing an epoxy group in the silicon-containing polymer used in the curable composition for an optical material of the present invention may have an epoxy group in the molecule.
- the catalyst may be treated with a chlorosilan compound such as trimethylchlorosilane or a hydrolysable ester compound as it is or after a catalyst removal treatment.
- a hydrolyzable ester compound it is preferable to seal the silanol group (Si— ⁇ H) in the silicon-containing polymer to Si—OR ′.
- hydrolyzable ester compound examples include orthoformate ester, orthoacetate ester, tetraalkoxymethane, carbonate ester and the like, and one or more of these may be used.
- orthoformate trialkyl ester, tetraalkoxymethane and the like are preferable.
- the treatment method with a hydrolyzable ester is carried out by adding an excessive amount of hydrolytic decomposition to a silicon-containing polymer, a mixture of a silicon-containing polymer and a solvent, or an optical material composition containing the silicon-containing polymer. It is preferable to add a functional ester, and at that time, stirring and heating are preferable. After the treatment, it may be used as it is, or may be heated and decompressed under a nitrogen stream to remove unreacted hydrolysable ester. This treatment eliminates silanol groups and improves storage stability and transparency.
- the (A) component-containing polymer used in the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention has a phenyl group ratio of 85 mass to the total organic component (a component excluding silicon). % Or less, preferably within a range of 85 mass% or less.
- the greater the number of phenyl groups the higher the heat resistance temperature.
- the higher the viscosity at room temperature the lower the handling properties.
- component (A) one or more of the above-described components can be used.
- the (B) component epoxy resin used in the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention is an epoxy resin represented by the following general formula (1).
- X and Y may be the same or different from each other, hydrogen atom, alkyl group, fluoroalkylenole group, perfluoroalkyl group, phenyl group, alkylphenyl group, fluorophenyle group, perfluorophenyl.
- component (B) Since component (B) has a rigid molecular structure, the resulting cured product exhibits a high glass transition point. Also, the rate of shrinkage that occurs with curing is small. Those containing a perfluorinated group have low polarizability, and therefore have the effect of reducing the water absorption of the cured product.
- X and Y are preferably a methyl group and a perfluoromethyl group, and n is preferably a number from 1 to 3.
- Such preferable compounds include, for example, 2, 2-bis (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) propane, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3-hexafluoro. And propyl-1,2,2-bis (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) propane.
- one or more compounds can be used as the component (B).
- Component (C) used in the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention is an energy ray-sensitive cationic polymerization initiator. That is, it is a compound capable of releasing a substance that initiates cationic polymerization upon irradiation with energy rays, and is not particularly limited, but preferably an onium salt that releases a Lewis acid upon irradiation with energy rays. Preference is given to the salt or its derivatives.
- Is an organic group having a carbon number in the range of :! to 60, and may contain atoms other than carbon atoms.
- a is an integer of:! ⁇ 5.
- a R 21 s are independent and may be the same or different. Further, it is preferable that at least one is an organic group having an aromatic ring as described above.
- the structure of the anion [B] m — which is preferably a halide complex, can be represented, for example, by the following general formula [LX] m —.
- L is the central element of the halide complex.
- X is a halogen atom.
- b is an integer of 3-7.
- the anion B m — preferably has a structure represented by [LX ( ⁇ H)] m — b-1
- Can do. L, X, and b have the same meaning as above.
- Other anions that can be used include perchlorate ion (ClO)-, trifluoromethylsulfite ion (CF S
- aromatic onium salts of the following (i) to (c) among such onium salts are particularly effective to use aromatic onium salts of the following (i) to (c) among such onium salts.
- aromatic onium salts of the following (i) to (c) among such onium salts.
- Triphenylsulfonhexafluoroantimonate tris (4-methoxyphenyl) sulfonium hexafluorophosphate, diphenylenol 4-thiophenoxyphenyl hexafluoroantimony 4-phenylthiophenesulfonehexafluorophosphate, 4,4'-bis (diphenylsulfonio) phenylsulfide 1bishexafluoroantimonate, 4 , 4'-Bis (diphenylolsulfonio) phenylsulfide 1bishexafluorophosphate, 4,4'-bis [di (/ 3-hydroxyethoxy) phenylsulfonio] phenylsulfide 1 Bis-hexahex-norroantimonate, 4, 4, _bis [di (monohydroxyethoxy) phenylsulfonio] phenylsulfide
- iron-arene complexes such as one iron one hexafluorophosphate, aluminum such as tris (acetylacetonato) aluminum, tris (ethylacetonatoacetato) anoreminium, tris (salicylaldehyde) aluminum
- a silanol such as triphenylsilanol
- an aromatic iodine salt an aromatic sulfonium salt, or an iron monoarene complex.
- the amount of the energy ray-sensitive cationic polymerization initiator as the component (C) is as follows:
- the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention preferably further contains an epoxy resin represented by the following general formula (2) as the component (D):
- R 1 represents hydrogen, which may be the same or different, and an alkyl group having! To 4 carbon atoms.
- R 19 and R 2 ° are preferably both hydrogen. Specifically, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl _3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate is preferred. Good.
- the inclusion of the component (D) is preferable because the viscosity at room temperature can be lowered, so that the component (A) can have a higher viscosity.
- the preferred proportion of component (D) to be used is 10 to 60 parts by mass, more preferably 15 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of component (A).
- the proportion of component (D) used is less than 10 parts by mass, the effect of addition does not appear, and when it exceeds 60 parts by mass, the process resistance and environmental resistance are likely to deteriorate, such being undesirable. .
- a solvent another cationically polymerizable organic substance, an acid diffusion controller, light, and the like are optionally added within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
- a sensitizer, a thermoplastic polymer compound, a filler and the like can be added. These are described below.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it has solubility in all of the components (A), (B), (C) and (D), but has a boiling point of 80 to 200 ° C.
- the C version is recommended.
- Examples include tinole ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, methyl ether, 2-methoxy-2-propanol acetate, methoxy-2-propanol acetate, otatamethylol cyclotetrasiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane, and the like.
- Such organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or
- the performance of the cured product may change due to the remaining solvent.
- the amount of the solvent varies depending on properties, solubility, and viscosity, but 1 to 1000% by mass is preferable with respect to the total mass of the components (A) to (D):! To 500% by mass is more preferable.
- Other cationically polymerizable organic materials include, for example, epoxy compounds [excluding those corresponding to the above components (A), (B) and (D)], oxetane compounds, cyclic ether compounds, cyclic ratatones Compounds, cyclic thioether compounds, spiroorthoester compounds, vinyl ether compounds, etc., and one or more of these can be used.
- epoxy compounds [excluding those corresponding to the above components (A), (B) and (D)], oxetane compounds, cyclic ether compounds, cyclic ratatones Compounds, cyclic thioether compounds, spiroorthoester compounds, vinyl ether compounds, etc., and one or more of these can be used.
- an epoxy compound that is easy to obtain and convenient for handling is suitable.
- Examples of powerful epoxy compounds include aromatic epoxy compounds, alicyclic epoxy compounds, and aliphatic epoxy compounds.
- aromatic epoxy compound examples include a polyhydric phenol having at least one aromatic ring, or a polyglycidyl ether of an alkylene oxide adduct thereof, such as bisphenol A, bisphenol F, or further alkylene oxide.
- alkylene oxide adduct thereof such as bisphenol A, bisphenol F, or further alkylene oxide.
- examples thereof include glycidinole ether of a compound to which is added and epoxy novolac resin.
- alicyclic epoxy compound examples include epoxidizing a polyglycidyl ether of a polyhydric alcohol having at least one alicyclic ring or a cyclohexene or cyclopentene ring-containing compound with an oxidizing agent.
- examples thereof include cyclohexene oxide-containing compounds containing cyclopentene oxide.
- hydrogenated bisulfenol A glycidyl ether 2— (3,4 epoxy cyclohexyl 5,5 spiro 3,4-epoxy) cyclohexane metadioxane, bis (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl methinole) adipate, vinylcyclo Hexene dioxide, 4 vinyl epoxy cyclohexane, bis (3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethinole) adipate, 3, 4-epoxy 6-methylcyclohexylcarboxylate, dicyclopentagenepoxide, ethylene glycol / Residue (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl / remethy / le) ether, epoxyhexahexahydrophthalate dioctyl, epoxyhexahydrophthalate di-2-ethylhexyl and the like.
- aliphatic epoxy compound examples include polyglycidinole ethers of aliphatic polyhydric alcohols or alkylene oxide adducts thereof, polyglycidyl esters of aliphatic long-chain polybasic acids, glycidyl acrylates or glycidyl methacrylates. Examples thereof include homopolymers synthesized by vinyl polymerization of the rate, and copolymers synthesized by bully polymers of glycidyl acrylate and other bulle monomers.
- Representative compounds include 1,4_butanezinoresigrisidinoreatenore, 1,6-hexanediosinoresigrisinoreatenore, glycerin triglycidinoreatenore, and trimethylonorepropane.
- Triglycy Ginoleetenore, Sonorebitonore Tetraglycidinoreetenore, Dipentaerythritonore One or two of polyglycol glycidyl ether such as xaglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, or aliphatic polyhydric alcohol such as propylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, glycerin
- polyglycidyl ethers of polyether polyols obtained by adding the above alkylene oxides and diglycidyl esters of aliphatic long-chain dibasic acids include polyglycidyl ethers of polyether polyols obtained by adding the above alkylene oxides and diglycidyl esters of aliphatic long-chain dibasic acids.
- monoglycidyl ethers of higher aliphatic alcohols phenols, cresols, butyl phenols
- monoglycidyl ethers of polyether alcohols obtained by adding alkylene oxides to these, glycidinoles of higher fatty acids, epoxidation Examples include soybean oil, epoxy stearate octenole, epoxy stearate butyl, epoxidized flax oil, epoxidized polybutadiene, and the like.
- epoxy compound examples include trimethylene oxide, 3,3-dimethyloxetane, oxetane compounds such as 3,3-dichloromethyloxetane, tetrahydrofuran, trioxane such as 2,3 dimethyltetrahydrofuran, 1, 3 Cyclic ether compounds such as dioxolane, 1, 3, 6 trioxacyclooctane, cyclic rataton compounds such as ⁇ -propiolatatatone, ⁇ -ptyloratatone, ⁇ -force prolatatone, thiirane compounds such as ethylene sulfide, trimethylenesulfur Fluids, Chetan compounds such as 3,3-dimethyl carten, cyclic thioether compounds such as tetrahydrothiophene derivatives, spiroorthoester compounds obtained by reaction of epoxy compounds with ratatones, ethylene glycol divinyl ether, alkyl Bule ether 3, 4 dihydropyran-2
- the acid diffusion control agent is a compound having an action of controlling the diffusion of the acidic active substance generated from the component (C) by energy ray irradiation in the film and controlling the curing reaction in the non-irradiated region.
- nitrogen-containing compounds such as nitrogen-containing compounds containing one nitrogen in the molecule, diamino compounds containing two nitrogen atoms in the same molecule, diamine polymers having three or more nitrogen atoms, or Examples include amide group-containing compounds, urea compounds, and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds.
- monoalkylamines such as n-hexylamine, n-heptylamine, n-octylamine; dialkylamines such as di_n-butylamine, di-n-hexylamine, di_n_octylamine, tri_n -Trialkylamines such as propylamine, tri_n-hexylamine, tri-n-nonylamine; 4-aronitrolin, aromatic amines such as diphenylamine and the like.
- the compounding amount of the acid diffusion controller is preferably 0.001 to 10% by mass with respect to the total mass of the components (A) to (D), more preferably 0.00 to 5% by mass.
- thermoplastic polymer compound examples include polyester, poly (acetate) butyl, poly (vinyl chloride) vinyl, polybutadiene, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl ether, polyvinyl butyral, poly (aryl acrylate), and poly (methyl methacrylate).
- polyester poly (acetate) butyl, poly (vinyl chloride) vinyl, polybutadiene, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl ether, polyvinyl butyral, poly (aryl acrylate), and poly (methyl methacrylate).
- polybutene, styrene butadiene gen block copolymer hydrogenated product and the like.
- thermoplastic polymer compounds those obtained by introducing a functional group such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a vinyl group, or an epoxy group into these thermoplastic polymer compounds can be used.
- the preferred number average molecular weight of the strong thermoplastic polymer compound is 1000 to 500,000, and the preferred number average molecular weight is 5,000 to 100,000.
- the compounding amount of the thermoplastic polymer compound is preferably 1 to 100% by mass, more preferably 1 to 10% by mass, based on the total mass of the components (A) to (D).
- Typical photosensitizers include, for example, photosensitizers such as anthracene derivatives and pyrene derivatives. By using these in combination, the curing rate is higher than when these are not blended. Is improved, and it becomes preferable as a curable composition for optical materials.
- Examples of the filler include inorganic and organic powders, flakes, and fibrous substances.
- inorganic fillers include glass powder, my strength powder, silica or quartz powder, carbon powder, calcium carbonate powder, alumina powder, aluminum hydroxide powder, and aluminum silicate. Powder, zirconium silicate powder, iron oxide powder, barium sulfate powder, kaolin, dolomite, metal powder, glass fiber, carbon fiber, metal whisker, calcium carbonate whisker, hollow glass balloon or their surface treated with a coupling agent And those with organic groups on the surface.
- organic fillers include pulp powder, nylon powder, polyethylene powder, cross-linked polystyrene powder, cross-linked acrylic resin powder, cross-linked phenol resin powder, cross-linked acrylic resin powder, cross-linked phenol resin powder, cross-linked urea resin powder, cross-linked melamine.
- examples thereof include resin powders, crosslinked epoxy resin powders, rubber powders, and those having reactive groups such as epoxy groups, acrylic groups, and hydroxyl groups on their surfaces.
- the filler may be about 0.5 to 30% by mass, preferably about! To 20% by mass with respect to the total amount of components (A) to (D).
- a heat-sensitive cationic polymerization initiator such as a pigment and a dye, a leveling agent, an antifoaming agent, a thickener, a flame retardant, an oxidation agent.
- a resin additives such as an inhibitor and a stabilizer can be added within a range of usual amounts used.
- each of the components (A) to (D) and other optional components used in the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention with an active deuterium compound.
- Treatment with an active deuterated compound causes damage to transparency in the near-infrared region.
- CH bonds and O—H bonds that exist in a polymer containing silicon or in a curable composition for optical materials.
- H can be deuterated to improve transparency.
- Examples of the active deuterated compound include deuterated alcohols such as deuterated water, deuterated methanol, and deuterated methanol.
- the step of preparing the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention can be performed by well-known steps, for example, by sufficiently mixing the constituent materials.
- Specific mixing methods include, for example, a stirring method using a stirring force accompanying the rotation of the propeller, a roll kneading method, and a planetary stirring method. Then, prepare it through 0.:! To 5. ⁇ filter.
- the active energy rays for curing the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention include ultraviolet rays, electron beams, X-rays, radiation, high frequencies, and the like, and ultraviolet rays are most preferable economically.
- the ultraviolet light source include an ultraviolet laser, a mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, a sodium lamp, and an alkali metal lamp.
- the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention can be used for various optical components, optical integrated circuits, optical wiring boards, optical waveguides and the like.
- optical waveguide and the method for manufacturing the optical waveguide of the present invention will be described.
- the optical waveguide of the present invention is formed by forming at least the core from the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention, and further forming the cladding from the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention. You can also.
- the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention for both the core and the clad, the refractive index is measured in advance, and the higher refractive index is used for the core, and the lower one is used for the clad.
- the method for producing an optical waveguide of the present invention includes a step of forming a core by curing the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention. Further, it may have a step of forming a clad by curing the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention.
- the clad is formed by applying the curable composition for an optical material of the present invention (for example, an ultraviolet curable composition) to a substrate and curing it, and further, the curable composition for an optical material of the present invention is formed on the obtained clad.
- Apply a composition eg UV curable composition
- align it preferably using a mask aligner
- a waveguide ridge pattern is prepared by removing the ridge pattern, and a curable composition for an optical material for a clad material is supplied and cured to form an optical waveguide.
- a conventional material can also be used.
- FIG. 1 (a) to 1 (d) are schematic cross-sectional views showing a process for forming an optical waveguide according to the present invention.
- a curable composition for forming a clad part on a substrate (1) to a desired thickness As shown in Fig. 1 (a), a curable composition for forming a clad part on a substrate (1) to a desired thickness. A layer (2) of a product (for example, an ultraviolet curable composition), and a layer (3) of a curable composition for forming a core part (for example, an ultraviolet curable composition) on the desired thickness. Form. Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), a mask (4) having a core portion-shaped pattern mask is placed on the layer (3) of the curable composition for forming the core portion, and the mask (4 ) To irradiate ultraviolet light (5). Thereby, the layer (3) of the curable composition for forming the core portion is cured only in the core portion (6).
- a mask (4) having a core portion-shaped pattern mask is placed on the layer (3) of the curable composition for forming the core portion, and the mask (4 ) To irradiate ultraviolet light (5).
- the ridge pattern of the core part (6) as shown in FIG. 1 (c) is obtained. It is formed.
- a layer (2) of the curable composition for forming the cladding portion is applied to a desired thickness so as to embed the core portion (6), and the cladding portion (7) as shown in FIG. Can be formed.
- the optical waveguide with a substrate manufactured in this way is made of the curable composition for an optical material of the present invention as a core, or a clad, or a cladding, so that it has excellent solvent resistance and can be used. Since the birefringence of the material is small, the polarization dependence is small, the loss is low, and the heat resistance and moisture resistance are excellent.
- the substrate used in the production of the optical waveguide should not be peeled off before the film-forming process.
- the substrate used for optical waveguide fabrication is not particularly limited, but specific examples include glass substrate, Si substrate, fired Si substrate, PET film, polycarbonate, ceramic, epoxy substrate, polyimide substrate, and fluorination. Examples include polyimide substrates, FR4 substrates, or those whose surfaces have been physically or chemically treated with a coupling agent to change adhesion.
- the substrate may be one, two, or two or more substrates laminated.
- the substrate preferably has a smooth surface and high adhesion to the material. Specifically, it is preferable to use a product obtained by applying and curing a novolac type epoxy resin on a fired substrate.
- the method for applying the curable composition for an optical material of the present invention to a uniform thickness on a substrate or a clad is not particularly limited.
- the curable composition for optical materials of the present invention is an ultraviolet curable composition
- the amount of UV irradiation is preferably in the range of force S, 100 to 10000 mj / cm 2 , where the optimum conditions vary depending on the applied film thickness.
- the curable composition for an optical material of the present invention When the curable composition for an optical material of the present invention is molded into an optical waveguide, it may be heated by heat if necessary.
- the heating operation is not particularly limited, but can be performed using a hot plate, an oven, or the like. Among these, it is preferable to use an oven that can apply heat uniformly.
- the solvent used for forming the core ridge when producing the optical waveguide is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent that dissolves the components (A) to (D).
- Specific examples include alkaline aqueous solution, acidic aqueous solution, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, 1, 3 , 4-trimethylbenzene and the like.
- alkaline aqueous solution acidic aqueous solution
- acetone methyl ethyl ketone
- methyl isobutyl ketone ethanol
- isopropanol n-propanol
- benzene toluene
- o-xylene m-xylene
- p-xylene 1, 3
- a developing method using a solvent may not be used. That is, for forming the waveguide ridge pattern, a saddle mold that can be peeled off from the molded product after curing may be used. As the mold, silicon, fluorine, glass, or those whose surfaces are treated with a coupling agent or the like can be used. It is preferable to form a saddle shape by light.
- Reaction soda 1 178.5 g (0.90 mol) of phenylenotrimethoxysilane and 97.2 g of 0.032 ⁇ / ⁇ phosphoric acid aqueous solution were mixed and stirred at 10 ° C for 2 hours. 0. 5N sodium hydroxide aqueous solution 6.07 g of liquid was added.
- Reaction tank 2 3, 4 24.6 g (0.10 mol) of epoxycyclohexyltrimethylmethoxysilane and 10.8 g of ethanol were mixed, and 10.8 g of 0.032% phosphoric acid aqueous solution was reacted. The solution was added dropwise over 5 minutes, taking care not to exceed a temperature of 10 ° C, and stirred at 10 ° C or lower for 2 hours. Thereafter, 0.67 g of a 0.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added.
- Reaction tank 1 300.lg (l.51mol) of phenyltrimethoxysilane and 163.7g of 0.032% phosphoric acid aqueous solution were mixed and stirred at 10 ° C for 2 hours, then 0.5N 10.67 g of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was added.
- Reactor 2 3, 4 124.4 g (0. 50 of epoxy cyclohexyl ether trimethoxysilane) mol) and 54.7 g of ethanol, and 54.7 g of 0.032% aqueous phosphoric acid solution was added dropwise over 5 minutes, taking care not to exceed a temperature of 10 ° C. After stirring for 2 hours below, 3.42 g of 0.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added. The reaction liquid in the above reaction tank 1 and reaction tank 2 was mixed, and 1200 ml of ethanol and 1200 ml of ethanol were further added, and the outer bath temperature was heated to 130 ° C.
- Reactor 1 138.8 g (0.70 mol) of phenyltrimethoxysilane, 6.0 g (0.05 mol) of dimethyldimethoxysilane, 23.6 g (0.70 mol) of y-glycidoxypropinoletrimethoxysilane 10 mol), 0. 032% phosphoric acid aqueous solution 91.8 g was mixed and stirred at 10 ° C. for 2 hours, and then 0.5N sodium hydroxide aqueous solution 5.74 g was added.
- Reaction tank 2 3, 4 Mix 37.0 g (0.15 mol) of epoxycyclohexyltrimethylmethoxysilane and 16.2 g of ethanol, and react with 16.32 g of 0.032% phosphoric acid aqueous solution. Liquid The solution was added dropwise over 5 minutes, taking care that the temperature did not exceed 10 ° C, and stirred at 10 ° C or lower for 2 hours. Thereafter, 1. Olg of 0.5N sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was added.
- reaction liquids in the above reaction tank 1 and reaction tank 2 add 600 ml of toluene and 600 ml of ethanol, heat the outer bath temperature to 130 ° C, and remove the water by azeotropy. Heat condensation polymerization was performed until the weight average molecular weight Mw of the polymer was 1700 (analyzed by GPC, converted to polystyrene). 1780 g (12. Omol) of onoletomate triethylinole was added and heated to 130 ° C. After reaching 130 ° C, the mixture was heated and stirred for 1 hour. 90 g of adsorbent was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 100 ° C for 1 hour.
- the weight average molecular weight was 2800, and as a result of analysis by 1 H NMR, silanol groups (Si—OH) were not detected.
- Reactor 1 Mix 11.9 g (0.6 mol) of phenyltrimethoxysilane, 48.lg (0.4 mol) of dimethyldimethoxysilane, 108.0 g of 0.032% phosphoric acid aqueous solution, After stirring at ° C for 2 hours, 6.06 g of 0.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added.
- Reactor 2 3, 4 246.4 g (l. 00 mol) of epoxy cyclohexyl ether trimethoxysilane and 108.0 g of ethanol? Recombined with 0. 032 ⁇ / ⁇ of phosphoric acid in water at 108.0 g. Add dropwise over 5 minutes, taking care that the temperature at night does not exceed 10 ° C. Stir for hours. Thereafter, 6.06 g of a 0.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added.
- Reaction tank 1 50 g (0.25 mol) of phenylenotrimethoxysilane, 121.5 g (l.01 mol) of dimethyldimethoxysilane, 149 g (0.63 mol) of ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 0.032 204.6 g of% phosphoric acid aqueous solution was mixed and stirred at 10 ° C. for 2 hours, and then 4.26 g of 0.5 N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added.
- Reaction tank 2 155.2 g (0.63 mol) of 3,4-epoxycyclohexylethyltrimethoxysilane and 68.2 g of ethanol were mixed to react with 68.2 g of 0.032% phosphoric acid aqueous solution. The solution was added dropwise over 5 minutes, taking care not to exceed 10 ° C, and stirred at 10 ° C or lower for 2 hours. Thereafter, 12.8 g of a 0.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added.
- reaction liquid in the above reaction tank 1 and reaction tank 2 After mixing the reaction liquid in the above reaction tank 1 and reaction tank 2, the mixture was heated to 45 ° C and polycondensed for about 1.5 hours. After diluting the reaction solution by adding 356.4 g of toluene, stop stirring, separate and extract the lower layer containing a lot of organic components separated into two layers, and under reduced pressure at 45 ° C for about 1 hour. Reflux dehydration was performed. 561 g (3.79 mol) of onoletoformate triethyl was added and heated to 130 ° C. After reaching 130 ° C, the mixture was heated and stirred for 1 hour.
- Reaction tank 1 108.2 g (0.90 mol) of dimethyldimethoxysilane and 97.2 g of 0.032% phosphoric acid aqueous solution were mixed, stirred at 10 ° C for 2 hours, and then hydroxylated with 0.5N. 6.07 g of sodium aqueous solution was obtained.
- Reaction tank 2 24.6 g (0.10 mol) of 3,4-epoxycyclohexylethyltrimethoxysilane and 10.8 g of ethanol were mixed to react 10.8 g of 0.032% phosphoric acid aqueous solution. The solution was added dropwise over 5 minutes, taking care not to exceed 10 ° C, and stirred at 10 ° C or lower for 2 hours. Thereafter, 0.67 g of a 0.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added.
- reaction solution in reaction tank 1 and reaction tank 2 above add 600 ml of toluene and 400 ml of ethanol, heat to an external bath temperature of 130 ° C, and remove the water by azeotropic distillation. Polymerization was performed. Accompanied with 1780 g (12. Omol) of triethinole noretotate 130. C was heated to C, and after reaching 130 ° C, the mixture was heated and stirred for 1 hour. 90 g of adsorbent was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 100 ° C for 1 hour. Volatile components were removed at 120 ° C and 3 mmHg, and 45 layers of Tolenene and 1000 g of hexane were added to separate two layers.
- the silicon-containing polymer was designated as (A6).
- the weight average molecular weight is 15000.
- Si-OH silanol group
- epoxy group As a result of analysis by 29 Si_NMR, it was confirmed that at least three binding elements have a silicon atom which is an oxygen atom, and as a result of analysis by ⁇ -NMR, it was confirmed to have a Si_R group.
- the phenyl group in the organic component excluding the key atom is 0% by mass
- the methyl group in the organic component excluding the key atom is 45.8% by mass
- the epoxy equivalent measured by the potentiometric method is It was 933.
- compositions of Examples and Comparative Examples shown in Table 1 were used as the core material and the cladding material in the combinations shown in Table 2 to produce the optical waveguide of the present invention and the comparative optical waveguide.
- Each optical waveguide obtained was tested for optical loss, process resistance, and environmental resistance. The results are shown in Table 1-2.
- Each clad material shown in Table 2 (the composition obtained in Example 13 and Example 5) was laminated on the fired silicon substrate to a thickness of 30 ⁇ m by spin coating, and the light intensity lOmWZcm After irradiating UV rays of 2 for 200 seconds, it was heated at 120 ° C for 15 minutes.
- each core material shown in Table _ 2 (in Example 13, the composition obtained in Example 2) was laminated to a thickness of 50 zm by spin coating, and a negative photomask was used. The sample was irradiated with ultraviolet light having a light intensity of 10 mW / cm 2 for 400 seconds. After heating for 15 minutes at 90 ° C.
- a pattern with a line width of 50 / m was formed by heating and curing at 120 ° C. for 15 minutes. Further, the same clad material by spin coating, and laminated to a thickness of the previously formed pattern line above the 30 mu m, after irradiation with ultraviolet light intensity 10 mW / cm 2 200 seconds, to 120 ° C An optical waveguide on a silicon substrate was fabricated by heating for 15 minutes.
- connection loss was calculated from the transmission loss measured by the cut-back method.
- the process resistance of the fabricated optical waveguide was comprehensively evaluated from the short-term solder heat resistance and UV resistance as follows:
- a test was conducted to irradiate the fabricated optical waveguide with light from a high-pressure mercury lamp with a central wavelength of 365 nm and a light intensity of lOmWZcm 2 for 100,000 seconds. The change in appearance after the test was visually observed. In addition, optical loss at a wavelength of 850 nm after the test was measured, and the amount of change was calculated compared to before the test;
- the fabricated optical waveguide in a thermostatic chamber that can be programmed, hold it at _40 ° C for 5 minutes, raise the temperature to 120 ° C at a rate of 1 ° CZ, and then hold it at 120 ° C for 5 minutes Then, 30 cycles were tested with 1 cycle of cooling to 40 ° C at a rate of 1 ° C / min. After the test, the appearance of the test piece was confirmed. In addition, after the test, the optical loss at a wavelength of 850 nm was measured, and the amount of change was measured compared to before the test;
- the produced optical waveguide was stored in a thermo-hygrostat and tested at 85 ° C x 85% RH for 1000 hours. After the test was completed, the appearance of the test piece was changed. In addition, after the test, the optical loss at a wavelength of 850 ⁇ m was measured, and the amount of change was calculated compared to before the test;
- the optical waveguide of the present invention has excellent light loss, process resistance, and environmental resistance, and has heat resistance, moisture resistance, and transparency (low light loss) at the communication wavelength. At the same time, I was satisfied.
- a pre-coating agent for example, polyimide resin or epoxy novolac
- Resin for example, polyimide resin or epoxy novolac
- the fired silicon substrate and the precoat agent were peeled off to form a film-like optical waveguide.
- the obtained film-like optical waveguide had good properties as in the above examples.
- the optical waveguide of the present invention has excellent properties even when it is manufactured as a metal (copper) mark optical waveguide by a conventional method, whether on a fired silicon substrate or in the form of a film. .
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
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US12/224,951 US8175439B2 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-03-07 | Curable composition for optical material and optical waveguide |
EP07737933.7A EP1995264B1 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-03-07 | Curable composition for optical material and optical waveguide |
CN2007800109515A CN101410432B (zh) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-03-07 | 光学材料用固化性组合物和光波导 |
KR1020087024724A KR101323564B1 (ko) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-03-07 | 광학 재료용 경화성 조성물 및 광도파로 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101323564B1 (ko) | 2013-10-29 |
EP1995264B1 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
US8175439B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 |
KR20090006086A (ko) | 2009-01-14 |
CN101410432B (zh) | 2011-12-28 |
CN101410432A (zh) | 2009-04-15 |
EP1995264A1 (en) | 2008-11-26 |
TW200740871A (en) | 2007-11-01 |
JP4979963B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
TWI402285B (zh) | 2013-07-21 |
JP2007238868A (ja) | 2007-09-20 |
US20090074374A1 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
EP1995264A4 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
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