WO2006027959A1 - 多相電流供給回路及び駆動装置 - Google Patents
多相電流供給回路及び駆動装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006027959A1 WO2006027959A1 PCT/JP2005/015465 JP2005015465W WO2006027959A1 WO 2006027959 A1 WO2006027959 A1 WO 2006027959A1 JP 2005015465 W JP2005015465 W JP 2005015465W WO 2006027959 A1 WO2006027959 A1 WO 2006027959A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- current supply
- supply circuit
- peak value
- multiphase current
- resistor
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
- H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to inverter technology.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of a conventional multiphase current supply circuit.
- a single-phase AC power source 21 applies an AC voltage V to the diode bridge 11.
- the inductance parasitic to the power supply system is shown as an inductor 22 connected in series with the AC power supply 21.
- the output of the diode bridge 11 is given to the smoothing circuit 12.
- Smoothing circuit 12 has small capacity
- the smoothing capacitor C is composed of only a smoothing capacitor C of several tens of F. Since the smoothing capacitor C has a small capacity, it can be miniaturized.
- the transistor as the switching element is switched.
- three-phase currents i, i, i are supplied to the motor 24.
- the control circuit 14 switches the switching command based on the currents i, i, i, the rotational position angle ⁇ of the rotor of the motor 24, the rotational angular velocity (mechanical angle) ⁇ , the AC voltage V, and the rectified voltage V input to the inverter 13.
- Find CNT These quantities i, ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ can be detected using well-known techniques.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the relationship between the input voltage V and the rectified voltage V, taking the time axis common to both on the horizontal axis.
- the capacitance of the smoothing capacitor C was 20 F.
- the rectified voltage V has a very large pulsating component that pulsates at twice the frequency of the AC voltage V.
- the case where the rectified voltage V power fluctuates between 300V and 400V is illustrated!
- Inverter control technology that significantly reduces the capacity of the smoothing capacitor in this way Is called single-phase capacitorless inverter control.
- the smoothing capacitor can be downsized as described above, and the entire multiphase current supply circuit that does not require the use of a power factor improving rear tutor can be downsized and the cost can be reduced. .
- Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 are prior art documents that disclose powerful single-phase capacitorless inverter control.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-354826
- Non-Patent Document 1 Isao Takahashi “Inverter control method for PM motor with diode rectifier circuit with high input power factor”, 2000 Annual Conference of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 4 149 (March 2000), page 1591 Disclosure
- the capacity of the smoothing capacitor C employed in the single-phase capacitorless inverter control is small.
- the inductance of the inductor 22 connected in series with this is at most several hundred H.
- the frequency of the DC resonant circuit formed by both is the frequency of the AC voltage V (several tens of Hz).
- the current input from the AC power supply 21 also has higher harmonic components of the above order.
- FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram illustrating a multiphase current supply circuit in which a rear tuttle K is added in the smoothing circuit 12.
- the rear tuttle K is inserted in series between the inductor 22 and the smoothing capacitor C in the smoothing circuit 12. Therefore, the product of inductance and capacitance increases, and the resonant frequency decreases. Since the upper limit of the effective value of harmonics is allowed to be higher as the frequency is lower, a decrease in resonance frequency is considered to be an effective means for complying with the above regulations.
- Figure 16 shows the relationship between the input voltage V and the rectified voltage V when the inductor of the rear tuttle K is 6 mH and the capacitance of the smoothing capacitor C is 20 ⁇ F. It is a graph which takes and shows. Although the AC power supply 21 is rated at 50Hz and 240V, there is a 10% increase in voltage, and a 460Hz and 30V distortion voltage is superimposed (the force distortion is to obtain the graph in Fig. 14). This was also adopted in the simulation of The power consumption is 100W. In this case, the peak value of the rectified voltage V reaches 470V.
- the maximum rating of the rectified voltage V of an IPM (Intelligent Power Module) that is normally used as a power module of the inverter 13 is 500V.
- an overvoltage protection function that stops inverter switching is used to protect this IPM.
- a circuit for operating this overvoltage protection function has variations in voltage at which the operation starts due to variations in its components. Considering the circumstances, it is desirable to suppress the rectified voltage V to about 450V in order not to activate the overvoltage protection function.
- the present invention has been made in view of a serious problem.
- harmonics of the current supplied to the multiphase current supply circuit are provided.
- the purpose is to suppress the peak value of the rectified voltage while reducing the component
- a first aspect of a multiphase current supply circuit that is useful for the present invention includes a diode group (11) that performs full-wave rectification of an AC voltage (V), and a smoothing capacitor (C), and the diode group The frequency of the AC voltage is doubled from both ends of the smoothing capacitor (C).
- a smoothing circuit (15) for outputting a rectified voltage (V) having a number of pulsations;
- the smoothing circuit includes a rear tuttle (K) that forms a series resonance circuit together with the smoothing capacitor, and a peak value suppression element (D, R, C) that suppresses the peak value of the rectified voltage.
- the multiphase current supply circuit of the present invention even when so-called single-phase capacitorless inverter control is performed by reducing the capacity of the smoothing capacitor (C), it is supplied to itself.
- the peak value of the rectified voltage is suppressed while reducing the harmonic components of the current.
- a second aspect of the multiphase current supply circuit according to the present invention is the multiphase current supply circuit according to the first aspect, wherein the peak value suppressing element is interposed between both ends of the smoothing capacitor.
- Directional force on sword Directional force It coincides with the direction from the high potential side to the low potential side of the smoothing capacitor (C).
- a third aspect of the multiphase current supply circuit according to the present invention is the multiphase current supply circuit according to the second aspect, wherein the power consuming unit is a resistor (R 1).
- the capacitor (C) is stored.
- a fourth aspect of the multiphase current supply circuit according to the present invention is the multiphase current supply circuit according to the second aspect, wherein the power consuming unit is a power supply (16) for another circuit. is there.
- the capacitor (C) is stored. Electric power can be used effectively based on the accumulated charge.
- a fifth aspect of the multiphase current supply circuit according to the present invention is the multiphase current supply circuit according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, wherein the peak value suppressing element is the It further has a resistor (R) connected in series with the diode (D) and the capacitor (C).
- a sixth aspect of the multiphase current supply circuit according to the present invention is the multiphase current supply circuit according to the fifth aspect, wherein the peak value suppressing element is in parallel with the resistor (R). It further has a switch (S1) to be connected.
- the switch (S1) is short-circuited, and apparently the resistance value of the resistor (R) is reduced to zero. Therefore, the effect of suppressing the peak value can be further enhanced.
- a seventh aspect of the multiphase current supply circuit according to the present invention is the multiphase current supply circuit according to the first aspect, wherein the peak value suppressing element is connected in parallel to the rear tuttle (K).
- the peak value suppressing element is a resistance (R)
- the resistance (R) functions as a damping against the resonance generated by the rear tuttle (K) and the smoothing capacitor (C).
- An eighth aspect of the multiphase current supply circuit according to the present invention is the multiphase current supply circuit according to the seventh aspect, wherein the peak value suppressing element is in series with the resistor (R 1). Connected
- the load is large! / And the necessity of the function required for the resistance (R) in the state is reduced. In view of this, the parallel connection between the resistor (R) and the resistor (K) is disconnected.
- a ninth aspect of the multiphase current supply circuit according to the present invention is the multiphase current supply circuit according to the first aspect, wherein the peak value suppressing element is in parallel with the smoothing capacitor (C). Contact When the rectified voltage (V) exceeds a first predetermined value, it is turned on and dc less than the first predetermined value
- the control is performed such that the rectified voltage (V) does not exceed the first dc predetermined value.
- a tenth aspect of the multiphase current supply circuit according to the present invention is a multiphase current supply circuit according to the ninth aspect, wherein the crest value suppressing element is a resistance ( R)
- the rectified voltage (V) is
- a resistor (R) is connected in parallel to the smoothing capacitor (C).
- An eleventh aspect of the multiphase current supply circuit according to the present invention is a multiphase current supply circuit according to the ninth aspect, wherein the peak value suppressing element includes a Zener diode (ZD).
- ZD Zener diode
- the peak value suppressing element can be obtained with a simple configuration.
- a drive circuit includes a multiphase current supply circuit according to any one of the first aspect to the eleventh aspect, and the multiphase alternating current (i, i, i). And a drive unit for receiving and driving.
- the first to eleventh aspects of the multiphase current supply circuit can be applied.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a driving apparatus that is effective in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the driving device that works on the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the driving device that works on the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a multi-phase current supply circuit that works according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is.
- Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a driving device that works according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of a driving device that is powerful in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of conventional technology.
- Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a drive unit that is powerful in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of the driving device that works on the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the effect of the driving device that works on the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a driving device that works on a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing the effect of the driving device that works on the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of a conventional multiphase current supply circuit.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the operation of a conventional multiphase current supply circuit.
- FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration of a multiphase current supply circuit for explaining a problem to be solved by the invention.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing the operation of the multiphase current supply circuit for explaining the problems to be solved by the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a driving apparatus that is effective in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the drive device includes a motor 24 as a drive unit and a multiphase current supply circuit for supplying a multiphase current thereto.
- the multiphase current supply circuit includes a diode bridge 11, a smoothing circuit 15, an inverter 13, and a control circuit 14, all of which are connected between power supply lines LI and L2.
- a single-phase AC power supply is connected to the diode bridge 11, and the diode bridge 11 applies a full-wave rectification to the AC voltage V between the power supply lines LI and L2.
- the power supply lines LI and L2 correspond to the positive and negative voltages, respectively, and a potential not higher than that of the power supply line L1 is given to the power supply line L2.
- the power line L2 may be grounded.
- the AC voltage V is supplied by an AC power source 21.
- an AC power source 21 there is a parasitic inductance in the power supply system as described above. In FIG. 1, this inductance is connected to the AC power supply 21 in series. Show as Kuta 22!
- the smoothing circuit 15 has a smoothing capacitor C and a rear tuttle K connected between the power supply lines LI and L2.
- the rear tuttle K is inserted in the power line L1 between the inductor 22 and the smoothing capacitor. Both ends of the smoothing capacitor C support the rectified voltage V as the output of the smoothing circuit 15.
- the smoothing circuit 15 further includes a diode D and a resistor connected in series between the power supply lines LI and L2.
- the direction from the anode of the diode to the power sword coincides with the direction from the power line L1 to the power line L2 (that is, the direction from the high potential side of the smoothing capacitor C to the low potential side).
- the anode of diode D is connected to power line L1
- the power sword of diode D is connected to one end of resistor R
- the other end of resistor R is a capacitor.
- a resistor R is connected to both ends of the capacitor C in parallel, and a switch S1 is connected to both ends of the resistor R in parallel.
- the inverter 13 receives the rectified voltage V and supplies three-phase currents i, i, i to the motor 24 dc u V w
- the inverter 13 has three transistors (upper arm side transistors) each having a collector connected to the power supply line L1, and three transistors (lower arm side) each having an emitter connected to the power supply line L2. Transistor). Each of the upper arm side transistors is paired with each of the lower arm side transistors for each phase. The emitters of the upper arm side transistors forming the pair and the collectors of the lower arm side transistors are connected in common, and their connection point currents i, i, i are output. Each of the upper arm side transistor and the lower arm side transistor is controlled to be turned on and off based on a switching command CNT of 14 control circuits.
- each of the upper arm side transistor and the port-side arm side transistor has a free electrode having an anode connected to the emitter and a force sword connected to the collector.
- a wheel diode is provided.
- the control circuit 14 includes the currents i, i, i, the rotational position angle ⁇ of the rotor of the motor 24, and the rotational angular velocity. ⁇ and the switch based on the AC voltage V and the rectified voltage V input to the inverter 13.
- V can be detected using well-known techniques.
- the resistor R due to the power consumption in the resistor R, the charge stored in the capacitor C is consumed. That is, the resistor R can be grasped as a power consumption unit. The speed of this power consumption is determined depending on the time constant of capacitor C and resistor R.
- FIG. 2 shows the same conditions as those of the simulation shown in FIG.
- the graph shows the relationship between V and rectified voltage V on the horizontal axis, taking the time axis common to both.
- the peak value of the rectified voltage V could be reduced to 450V.
- the resistance R is not always necessary, but may be zero to limit the peak value.
- AC voltage V is multiphase In the initial state applied to the current supply circuit, capacitor C is almost charged.
- Inrush current may be input instead. Therefore, at the initial time, switch S1 is opened and the function of resistor R is effectively performed.
- the opening / closing control of S1 is performed based on the opening / closing command CNS1 described above.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of simulation when the resistance value of the resistor R is zero.
- the peak value of the rectified voltage V is about 5V smaller.
- the capacitor C is released by releasing it as heat.
- the electric power can be easily consumed based on the electric charge accumulated in the.
- a power source of another circuit may be adopted as the power consuming unit. This is an aspect of effective use of power.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a multiphase current supply circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Resistor R shown in the first embodiment
- the voltage across the capacitor C is applied to the switching power supply 16 for the control circuit 14 s.
- Supply For example, connect power line L3 to one end of capacitor C and connect power lines L2 and L3 to the switch.
- the switching power supply 16 supplies the voltage E to the control circuit 14 based on the power supplied from the power supply lines L2 and L3. Since the output of the switching power supply 16 is as small as about 10 W, even if a value of about 20 F is used as the capacitor C, switching
- the smoothing function required by the power supply 16 can be obtained.
- diode D conducts with an appropriate conduction width. Conductor of this diode D
- the force that causes the current to flow through the resistor R is about several tens of mA, and the small loss is 5 Since it is about OmW, there is no particular problem with current control and efficiency in capacitorless inverter control for driving motors with several hundred watts or more (motor current 1A or more).
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a driving apparatus that is effective in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration of the smoothing circuit 15 is different from that of the driving device that works according to the first embodiment. That is, the smoothing circuit 15 in the third embodiment has a configuration in which a series connection of a switch S2 and a resistor R is added to the smoothing circuit 12 shown in FIG. The series connection is
- resistor R is connected in parallel to rear tuttle K, and the switch is switched.
- Figure 6 shows the smoothing circuit 15 configuration with the resistance value of the resistor R set to 20 ⁇ .
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing a simulation result when switch S2 is turned on and the other conditions are the same as those in the simulation shown in FIG.
- the peak value of rectified voltage V is 4
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing a simulation result when the switch S2 is turned off, that is, when the smoothing circuit 12 shown in FIG. 15 is used, and the power consumption is lkW.
- the power consumption is large in this way, the amount of charge consumed from the smoothing capacitor C to the inverter 13 is large, so the fluctuation of the rectified voltage V increases, and the rectified voltage V due to DC resonance increases.
- the fluctuation of dc dc is relatively small.
- the peak value of rectified voltage V is less than 400V. In other words, the necessity of the function required for the resistor R is reduced in a heavy load state.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a mode controlled by the opening / closing command CNS2 output by the opening / closing force control circuit 14 of the powerful switch S2.
- the control circuit 14 monitors currents i, i, i, rotational position angle ⁇ , and rotational angular velocity ⁇ u V w m m
- the power consumption can be determined, and therefore the open / close command CNS2 can be easily generated.
- switch S2 is an important operation control.
- switch S2 is opened when the rotational speed is increased to quickly bring the temperature to be controlled by the air conditioner close to the target value. After that, after the temperature has been adjusted to a value close to the appropriate value, operation is performed at a reduced speed. In this case, switch S2 is short-circuited again.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a driving apparatus that is effective in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration of the smoothing circuit 15 is different from that of the driving device that works according to the first embodiment. That is, the smoothing circuit 15 in the fourth embodiment has a configuration in which a series connection of a transistor Q as a switching element and a base resistor R is added to the smoothing circuit 12 shown in FIG.
- the control circuit 14 Based on the rectified voltage V, the control circuit 14 applies a bias voltage C dc to the base of the transistor Q.
- Transistor Q turns off when the voltage V falls below a second predetermined value (which is less than the first predetermined value) dc
- the resistor R dc B is connected in parallel to the smoothing capacitor C, so the charging speed to the smoothing capacitor C is reduced and the high wave dc value of the rectified voltage V is suppressed. can do.
- FIG. 9 shows that the first predetermined value and the second predetermined value are 420 V, respectively, in the configuration of the smoothing circuit 15. Set to 400V, the resistance value of resistor R is 15 ⁇ , and other conditions are shown in Figure 16.
- Fig. 10 shows the relationship between the bias voltage CNQ and the rectified voltage V.
- V force is a graph showing a time axis. Rectification voltage V force
- the bias voltage CNQ becomes OV and the transistor Q turns off. Therefore, the rectified voltage V
- the dc peak value was suppressed to 420V.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a driving apparatus that is effective in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration of the smoothing circuit 15 is different from that of the driving device that works according to the first embodiment. That is, the smoothing circuit 15 in the fifth embodiment has a configuration in which a Zener diode ZD as a switching element is added to the smoothing circuit 12 shown in FIG. Zener diode ZD is connected in parallel to smoothing capacitor C !.
- the peak value of dc can be suppressed.
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing a simulation result when the Zener voltage is set to 420 V in the configuration of the smoothing circuit 15 and other conditions are set to the same conditions as the simulation shown in FIG. The peak value of the rectified voltage V was suppressed to 400V.
- an element that suppresses the crest value can be obtained with a simpler configuration than in the fourth embodiment.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES05774670.3T ES2653842T3 (es) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-08-25 | Circuito de suministro de corriente polifásica y aparato de accionamiento |
US11/662,067 US7633249B2 (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-08-25 | Polyphase current supplying circuit and driving apparatus |
AU2005281207A AU2005281207B2 (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-08-25 | Polyphase current supplying circuit and driver apparatus |
KR1020097017726A KR100928132B1 (ko) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-08-25 | 다상 전류 공급 회로 및 구동 장치 |
EP05774670.3A EP1808953B1 (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-08-25 | Polyphase current supplying circuit and driver apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004260666A JP3772898B2 (ja) | 2004-09-08 | 2004-09-08 | 多相電流供給回路及び駆動装置 |
JP2004-260666 | 2004-09-08 |
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WO2006027959A1 true WO2006027959A1 (ja) | 2006-03-16 |
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PCT/JP2005/015465 WO2006027959A1 (ja) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-08-25 | 多相電流供給回路及び駆動装置 |
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US (1) | US7633249B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1808953B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3772898B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR100923840B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100544178C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2005281207B2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2653842T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006027959A1 (ja) |
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KR100923840B1 (ko) | 2009-10-27 |
JP3772898B2 (ja) | 2006-05-10 |
KR100928132B1 (ko) | 2009-11-25 |
US7633249B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 |
AU2005281207B2 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
JP2006081261A (ja) | 2006-03-23 |
CN100544178C (zh) | 2009-09-23 |
CN101010865A (zh) | 2007-08-01 |
KR20070043893A (ko) | 2007-04-25 |
EP1808953B1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
ES2653842T3 (es) | 2018-02-09 |
EP1808953A4 (en) | 2011-06-08 |
AU2005281207A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
US20080094864A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
EP1808953A1 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
KR20090097968A (ko) | 2009-09-16 |
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