WO2005121022A1 - 酸化ルテニウム内包ナノカーボン複合構造体 - Google Patents
酸化ルテニウム内包ナノカーボン複合構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005121022A1 WO2005121022A1 PCT/JP2005/010717 JP2005010717W WO2005121022A1 WO 2005121022 A1 WO2005121022 A1 WO 2005121022A1 JP 2005010717 W JP2005010717 W JP 2005010717W WO 2005121022 A1 WO2005121022 A1 WO 2005121022A1
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- Prior art keywords
- ruthenium oxide
- composite structure
- nanocarbon
- nanocarbon composite
- encapsulated
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- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002356 laser light scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 2
- VCXJHENNAUQKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(3+) trihydroxide hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[Ru+3].[OH-].[OH-] VCXJHENNAUQKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- VDRDGQXTSLSKKY-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(3+);trihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Ru+3] VDRDGQXTSLSKKY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- AVFZOVWCLRSYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpyrrolidine Chemical compound CN1CCCC1 AVFZOVWCLRSYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDGKUVSVPIIUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylpiperidine Chemical compound CC1CCCC(C)N1 SDGKUVSVPIIUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHVYPIQETPWLSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-pyrrolidine Natural products CN1CC=CC1 AHVYPIQETPWLSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJKFOVLPORLFTN-LEKSSAKUSA-N Progesterone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H](C(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 RJKFOVLPORLFTN-LEKSSAKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorosilver;silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Ag]Cl GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- PWRYKCFNWWHKLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ru] PWRYKCFNWWHKLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 tetraethylammonium tetraborate tetramethylammonium-tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G55/00—Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/18—Nanoonions; Nanoscrolls; Nanohorns; Nanocones; Nanowalls
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/36—Nanostructures, e.g. nanofibres, nanotubes or fullerenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/46—Metal oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/10—Particle morphology extending in one dimension, e.g. needle-like
- C01P2004/16—Nanowires or nanorods, i.e. solid nanofibres with two nearly equal dimensions between 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
- Y10S977/755—Nanosheet or quantum barrier/well, i.e. layer structure having one dimension or thickness of 100 nm or less
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
- Y10S977/811—Of specified metal oxide composition, e.g. conducting or semiconducting compositions such as ITO, ZnOx
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure, and more particularly, to a power storage device used in combination with a capacitor for an electric vehicle, a power storage element for a power business, a fuel cell, a solar cell, or the like.
- a capacitor for an electric vehicle a power storage element for a power business
- a fuel cell a fuel cell, a solar cell, or the like.
- emergency power supply and backup power supply for element, emergency power supply and backup power supply
- the present invention relates to a ruthenium oxide-containing nanocarbon composite structure having high electrochemical activity and suitable as an electric energy storage element such as a capacitor.
- Hydrated ruthenium oxide has attracted attention as an electrode material for next-generation supercapacitors, and many reports have been made.
- TR Jow et al. Have made ruthenium hydrate nanoparticles into nanoparticles (diameter lOOnm) by the sol-gel method and reported a large capacity (600 to 700 FZg)! / Pul (see Non-Patent Document 1). .
- a sheet electrode using a powder obtained by carrying out a high dispersion of ruthenium hydroxide hydrate on a carbon powder having a large specific surface area and drying the powder at a low temperature in a nitrogen gas stream has a ruthenium weight. It has been reported that the output density per sheet electrode weight is large because the electric capacity per unit is large (see Patent Document 1). However, the ruthenium hydroxide hydrate may elute into the aqueous electrolyte during the charge / discharge cycle. In addition, although this report states the electric capacity per ruthenium weight, it does not state the capacity density per material (ruthenium hydroxide hydrate-supported powder) weight. However, since the content of ruthenium in the sheet electrode is as small as 3.82% by weight, It is assumed that the value is extremely small and far from practical use.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-36441
- Non-Patent Document 1 J. Electrochemical.Soc, 142, 2699 (1995)
- Non-patent Document 2 Proceedings of the 83rd Annual Meeting of the Niigata Society, p74 (2003)
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a luteum oxide-containing nanoparticle having high electrochemical activity, which is suitable as an electric energy storage element such as a large-capacity capacitor.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon composite structure.
- the present invention has been achieved based on the above findings, and the gist of the present invention is that an inner graphite layer (carbon layer) of hollow nanocarbon having a nanoparticle force of 30% by volume or more of porosity of ruthenium oxide It is an object of the present invention to provide a ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure characterized by being highly dispersed in water.
- the ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure of the present invention has high electrochemical activity, it can be used in combination with a capacitor for an electric vehicle, a power storage element for a power business, a fuel cell, a solar cell, or the like.
- a capacitor used for an emergency power supply or a backup power supply When used as a material for an electric energy storage element such as a power storage element used, a capacitor used for an emergency power supply or a backup power supply, a high-capacity electrochemical capacitor can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a mechanism for forming a composite structure of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a photograph showing a TEM image of Sample A obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a photograph showing a TEM image in which a part of the above is enlarged.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph showing a TEM image of Sample B obtained in Example 2.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cyclic voltammogram obtained in an application evaluation example. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the ruthenium oxide-containing nanocarbon composite structure of the present invention has a structure in which ruthenium oxide nanoparticles are highly dispersed inside and outside a hollow nanocarbon graphene layer (carbon layer) having a porosity of 30% by volume or more.
- the ruthenium oxide nanoparticles are preferably hydrated ruthenium oxide.
- the hydration number of the hydrated ruthenium oxide is not particularly limited, it is generally in the range of 0.3 or more and 2.0 or less, preferably 0.5 or more and 0.9 or less. When the hydration number of the hydrated ruthenium oxide is less than 0.3, the rate of occurrence of the specific capacitance is significantly reduced.
- the nanoparticle size of ruthenium oxide is usually lOnm or less, preferably 0.5 Inm or more and 1 Onm or less, particularly preferably 0.5 nm or more and 5 nm or less. If it is larger than lOnm, it is difficult to produce nanoparticles smaller than 0. Inm, while the charge utilization of the electrode is low.
- the porosity (pore volume per unit volume) of the hollow nanocarbon used in the present invention is usually 30% by volume or more, preferably 50% by volume to 90% by volume.
- conductive carbon black having a high porosity can be used, and for example, commercially available Ketjen black can be mentioned.
- the conductive carbon black is composed of a crystallite force called a pseudo-graphite structure, and the crystallites aggregate to form primary particles, and the secondary particles (primary particles) are fused with the primary particles. Agglomerates).
- Ketjen black has an extremely high porosity compared to other conductive carbon blacks.
- the porosity of acetylene black is about 22% by volume
- the hollow ketjen black has a porosity of more than 50%.
- Ketjen black currently on the market has two porosity types of about 60% by volume and about 78% by volume, and these can be suitably used.
- the ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure of the present invention is characterized in that the ruthenium oxide nanoparticles are highly dispersed in the daraphen layer inside the secondary particle nanocarbon to which the hollow primary particles are fused.
- the porosity of the ruthenium oxide-containing nanocarbon composite structure is 30% by volume or more, and the particle size of the secondary particles constituting the ruthenium oxide-containing nanocarbon composite structure is usually 300 nm or less, preferably 100 nm or more and 300 nm or less. It is. When the particle size of the secondary particles constituting the ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure is within this range, an optimum specific capacitance can be exhibited.
- the content of ruthenium oxide in the ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure of the present invention is generally 5% by mass to 95% by mass, preferably 7.8% by mass to 75% by mass, based on the entire composite structure. Range.
- the content of ruthenium oxide varies depending on the intended use, depending on the relationship between the energy density required for the electrochemical capacitor and the cost. For example, in applications that require medium energy density and require low-cost device manufacturing (for example, automotive applications), about 5-50% by mass, while large energy density is required regardless of cost In certain applications (for example, memory backup for mobile phones), 50-95% by mass is likely to be used.
- the method for producing a ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure of the present invention includes a precursor adjustment step, a ruthenium oxide formation step, and a hollow nanocarbon reaggregation step.
- a conductive hollow nanocarbon having a hollow structure having a porosity of 30% by volume or more, preferably 50% by volume or more is highly dispersed in water, and thereafter, an aqueous solution of ruthenium chloride is added.
- a precursor with ruthenium chloride adsorbed on the outer surface of the hollow nanocarbon is prepared.
- the ruthenium oxide forming step by applying an appropriate shear stress to the precursor obtained in the above-mentioned precursor adjusting step, part of the carbon graphene constituting the hollow nanocarbon is pulverized to form the hollow nanocarbon. While agglomerated secondary particles of nanocarbon are crushed and the primary particles are partially broken and opened, an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide is added and the sol-gel reaction proceeds to form ruthenium oxide nanoparticles. Let it. Shear stress loosens the aggregates of hollow nanocarbon, reduces the secondary particle size, and at the same time, increases the dispersion of ruthenium chloride that constitutes the precursor.
- the progress of the sol-gel reaction forms primary particles of several nanometers of ruthenium oxide inside and outside of the daraphen of the hollow nanocarbon to achieve high dispersion. Let it.
- the sol-gel reaction proceeds while pulverizing the aggregated secondary particles of hollow nanocarbon and partially breaking open the primary particles.
- a method for easily providing a mechanochemical effect for example, a method of applying a centrifugal force and using a shear stress in a vessel wall can be cited.
- the energy of the stress at this time is preferably in the range of 0.5 MPa or more and 2 MPa or less.
- the centrifugal force treatment centrifugal treatment
- 20,000 G to 75,000 G can be mentioned. It is. This makes it possible to obtain a composite structure in which ruthenium oxide is ultra-dispersed with nanodots on both sides of the surface of the hollow nanocarbon graphene layer and the inside thereof.
- the time required for centrifugation depends on the strength of the centrifugal reaction field, but is usually about 3 to 20 minutes.
- the formed ruthenium oxide is subjected to shear stress at the stage of nanoparticle growth. For this reason, even if particles grow to a certain size, shear stress And thus the particles of ruthenium oxide formed are refined. The fine particles are supported on the carbon inner wall and do not grow any further. With such a mechanism, ruthenium oxide becomes nano-fine, and nanoparticles as small as 0.5 to 2 nm can be obtained.
- the broken graphene layer is rearranged.
- the hollow nanocarbon primary particles that have been broken open are reagglomerated while enclosing the ruthenium oxide primary particles, and secondary particles having a sharp particle size distribution and a reduced average particle diameter are formed.
- a composite structure in which ruthenium oxide is highly dispersed in the graphene layer inside carbon can be obtained.
- the obtained ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure is usually filtered and dried, and used as a powder.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a mechanism in a case where a method for applying shear stress in the production process of the composite structure of the present invention is a centrifugal treatment.
- STEP1 the hollow nanocarbon aggregates are loosened by the centrifugation, and the secondary particle diameter is reduced.
- the precursor, ruthenium chloride (RuCl) becomes highly dispersed.
- hollow nanocarbon primary particles RuCl
- Ruthenium chloride (RuCl) is converted to ruthenium oxide
- a hollow nanocarbon containing 22 nanodots is obtained.
- the specific capacitance of the ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure of the present invention depends on the ratio of ruthenium chloride used to carbon black as a material, the nanocarbon fracture / opening. Forces that vary depending on the strength of the centrifugal reaction field in the process.Based on the weight of the ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite, when measured by a three-electrode measurement method, it is usually 400 FZg or more, preferably 500 F / g or more and 600 F / g or less. It is also possible to obtain one with a specific capacitance.
- the ruthenium oxide-containing nanocarbon composite structure of the present invention can be used as it is as an electrode material.
- an electrode is formed by dispersing in water, alcohol, or a solvent such as N-methylpyrrolidine to form a slurry, and applying the slurry to an aluminum sheet, a titanium sheet, a carbon sheet, or the like.
- the aqueous electrolyte and / or the non-aqueous electrolyte may contain 400 FZg or more and 600 FZg or less, high capacitance and specific capacitance can be obtained, and a capacitor that reaches several times the value of conventional electric double layer capacitors can be obtained.
- an electrolytic solution used for example, an aqueous solution containing 3 to 30 wt% sulfuric acid, hydroxide sodium Umuya aqueous potassium containing 3 to 30 weight 0/0 hydroxide, preferably in propylene carbonate Natick DOO Examples thereof include those containing 15 to 30% by weight of tetraethylammonium tetraborate tetramethylammonium-tetrafluoroborate.
- hydrated ruthenium oxide may be ruthenium oxide, which is an example.
- Ketjen Black (Ketjen 'Black' International Co., Ltd., trade name: Ketjen Black EC600JD, porosity 78 Vol.%, Primary particle diameter 40 nm, average secondary particle diameter 337.8 nm) 0.35 g
- the centrifugal force is a value obtained by the following equation.
- N is the number of revolutions (rpm)
- R is the radius (cm) of the rotor.
- Table 1 shows the average particle size (average particle size of secondary particles) and particle size distribution of Ketjen Black used and Ketjen Black after centrifugation.
- the average particle size (average particle size of the secondary particles) and the particle size distribution were measured with a laser light scattering meter ELS-8000 manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd. Since the particle size distribution range was narrowed by the centrifugation and the average particle size (the average particle size of the secondary particles) was also reduced, it is considered that the Ketjen black became highly dispersed by the centrifugation.
- the above hollow nanocarbon (Ketjen Black, made by Ketjen 'Black' International, trade name: Ketjen Black EC600JD, porosity 78Vol.%, Primary particle diameter 40nm, average secondary particle diameter) 337.8 nm), and a 10 mM aqueous ruthenium chloride solution was added thereto, followed by high dispersion to prepare a precursor having ruthenium chloride adsorbed inside and outside the hollow nanocarbon.
- Ketjen Black made by Ketjen 'Black' International, trade name: Ketjen Black EC600JD, porosity 78Vol.%, Primary particle diameter 40nm, average secondary particle diameter 337.8 nm
- a 10 mM aqueous ruthenium chloride solution was added thereto, followed by high dispersion to prepare a precursor having ruthenium chloride adsorbed inside and outside the hollow nanocarbon.
- the obtained ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure was filtered using an aspirator, a suction bottle, and a filter folder, and dried at 100 ° C for 6 hours, whereby 0.5-hydrated ruthenium oxide nanoparticles were obtained.
- a highly dispersed ruthenium oxide-containing nanocarbon composite structure powder was obtained by highly dispersing in the inner and outer dalaphen layers of hollow nanocarbon (Sample A).
- Figures 2 and 3 show TEM images of Sample A.
- a bead-like network called a hollow nanocarbon force having a primary particle diameter of 30 to 40 nm is formed, and secondary particles of 300 to 500 nm are formed. It is observed that This network is thought to function as an electronic path.
- the primary particles of hollow nanocarbon have a distorted structure rather than a spherical shape, which is caused by the fact that the dalaphen layer forming the primary particles of hollow nanocarbon is once broken and rearranged. I do. Further, it can be confirmed that ruthenium oxide nanoparticles having a diameter of 0.5 to 2 nm are monodispersed inside the primary particles of the hollow nanocarbon.
- a ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time for the centrifugal treatment in the surface sol-gel reaction was set to 20 minutes (Sample: B).
- Figure 4 shows a TEM image of Sample B.
- hollow nanocarbon having a primary particle size of about 20 nm forms an aggregate, and the secondary particle size is about 200 to 300 nm.
- the ruthenium oxide nanodots (average diameter lnm) encapsulated in the hollow nanocarbon are more agglomerated compared to sample A, and the darafene layer forming the primary particles of the hollow nanocarbon is once broken and It can be seen that the spherical shape is broken due to the arrangement.
- Example 1 The average particle size of the primary particles, the average particle size of the ruthenium oxide particles, and the specific capacitance on a weight basis when measured by a three-electrode measurement method were measured.
- a slurry is prepared by mixing the powder with water or 1-methylbiphenylidonediacetonitrile, propylene carbonate, etc., and the slurry is used as a current collector substrate made of carbon, aluminum, nickel, copper or the like.
- the coated and dried was used as the positive and negative electrodes of a coin cell, and was subjected to a charge / discharge test and cyclic voltammetry. Table 2 shows the results.
- Example 1 Example 2 (Sample A) (Sample B) Average particle size of primary particles (nm) 3 0 2 0 Average particle size of ruthenium oxide particles ⁇ (nm) 11 1 Specific electrostatic Capacity (F / g ) 4 2 0 6 0 0 [Measurement of cyclic voltammogram]
- Example A The ruthenium oxide-containing nanocarbon composite structure (sample A) obtained in Example 1 was dispersed in water to form a slurry, which was applied to a flat carbon electrode surface and dried to obtain a capacitor test electrode.
- the cyclic voltammogram was measured by a three-electrode method using the obtained electrode as a working electrode and a silver-silver chloride electrode as a reference electrode.
- As the electrolyte a 30% by weight sulfuric acid solution was used.
- Fig. 5 shows the results.
- the ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure of the present invention has a large specific capacity of 400 to 600 FZg based on the weight of the composite and 10 60 to 1200 FZg based on the weight of the ruthenium oxide.
- the charging / discharging speed is increased (5 to 10% loss when increasing from 2mVZs to 100mVZs).
- there is hardly any decrease in capacity due to charge and discharge cycles (decrease in capacity after 100,000 cycles: 5%).
- the energy density is 2 to 3 times larger and the output density is 10 to 15 times larger.
- the energy density is about twice as large and the output density is about 2 times. About 7 times larger. Therefore, by using the ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure of the present invention as an electrode material, a high-performance capacitor is constructed, and the merits and impact when it is put to practical use are great.
- Example 3 A ruthenium oxide-containing nanocarbon composite structure powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that centrifugation was performed at 45,000 G for 10 minutes in Example 1. About the obtained sample C, the same evaluation as the sample A and the sample B was performed. As a result, the average secondary particle size was 380 nm, the average primary particle size was 30 nm, and the average ruthenium oxide particle size was 10 nm. The specific capacitance was 300 F / g.
- Example 1 ruthenium oxide-supported nanocarbon powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the centrifugal treatment was not performed. The same evaluation as that of Sample A and Sample B was performed using the obtained powder.
- Example 1 was repeated except that solid acetylene black (porosity: 22% by volume, primary particle diameter: 35 nm, average secondary particle diameter: 360 nm) manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK was used. In the same manner as in 1, ruthenium oxide-supported carbon powder was obtained. The same evaluation as that of Samples A and B was performed using the obtained powder. Table 3 compares the evaluation results obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 with the values of Example 1 (sample A).
- the ruthenium oxide-encapsulated nanocarbon composite structure obtained by the present invention can be used as a power storage element used in combination with a capacitor for an electric vehicle, a power storage element for a power business, a fuel cell, a solar cell, or the like, and an emergency power supply.
- an electric energy storage element such as a capacitor used for a backup power supply, and is extremely useful as an electrode material for a high-capacity electrochemical capacitor.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05749032A EP1772428A4 (en) | 2004-06-11 | 2005-06-10 | NANOCARBON COMPOSITE STRUCTURE WITH RUTHENIUM OXIDE TAPPED INTO |
US11/628,853 US7572542B2 (en) | 2004-06-11 | 2005-06-10 | Nanocarbon composite structure having ruthenium oxide trapped therein |
JP2006514593A JP4765077B2 (ja) | 2004-06-11 | 2005-06-10 | 酸化ルテニウム内包ナノカーボン複合構造体 |
KR1020077000585A KR101167744B1 (ko) | 2004-06-11 | 2005-06-10 | 산화루테늄 내포 나노카본 복합구조체 |
CN2005800184061A CN1964917B (zh) | 2004-06-11 | 2005-06-10 | 内包氧化钌的纳米碳复合结构体 |
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JP2004173452 | 2004-06-11 | ||
JP2004-173452 | 2004-06-11 |
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WO2005121022A1 true WO2005121022A1 (ja) | 2005-12-22 |
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PCT/JP2005/010717 WO2005121022A1 (ja) | 2004-06-11 | 2005-06-10 | 酸化ルテニウム内包ナノカーボン複合構造体 |
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US (1) | US7572542B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1772428A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4765077B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101167744B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1964917B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005121022A1 (ja) |
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JP2013158940A (ja) * | 2012-02-02 | 2013-08-19 | Toray Ind Inc | 積層基板 |
US9293770B2 (en) | 2012-04-10 | 2016-03-22 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Graphene oxide, positive electrode for nonaqueous secondary battery using graphene oxide, method of manufacturing positive electrode for nonaqueous secondary battery, nonaqueous secondary battery, and electronic device |
US9385366B2 (en) | 2012-08-27 | 2016-07-05 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode for secondary battery, secondary battery, and method for fabricating positive electrode for secondary battery |
US11108038B2 (en) | 2012-08-27 | 2021-08-31 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode for secondary battery, secondary battery, and method for fabricating positive electrode for secondary battery |
JP2013219009A (ja) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-10-24 | Nippon Chemicon Corp | 反応方法及びこの方法で得られた金属酸化物ナノ粒子、またはこの金属酸化物ナノ粒子を担持したカーボン及びこのカーボンを含有する電極、並びにこれを用いた電気化学素子 |
JP2015163582A (ja) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-09-10 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | 金属酸化物の製造方法、電極、及び電気化学素子 |
CN105954334A (zh) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-09-21 | 嘉兴学院 | 一种用于检测二苯胺的分子印迹电化学传感器及其应用 |
JP2017147228A (ja) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-08-24 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | 電極材料、及び電気化学素子 |
CN107651676A (zh) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-02 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种提高石墨烯的水分散性的优化方法 |
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CN1964917A (zh) | 2007-05-16 |
US7572542B2 (en) | 2009-08-11 |
JPWO2005121022A1 (ja) | 2008-04-10 |
EP1772428A4 (en) | 2008-05-14 |
JP4765077B2 (ja) | 2011-09-07 |
KR20070030274A (ko) | 2007-03-15 |
KR101167744B1 (ko) | 2012-07-23 |
US20080048153A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
EP1772428A1 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
CN1964917B (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
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