WO2005085352A1 - 熱可塑性樹脂組成物およびこれを用いた成形品 - Google Patents
熱可塑性樹脂組成物およびこれを用いた成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005085352A1 WO2005085352A1 PCT/JP2005/003760 JP2005003760W WO2005085352A1 WO 2005085352 A1 WO2005085352 A1 WO 2005085352A1 JP 2005003760 W JP2005003760 W JP 2005003760W WO 2005085352 A1 WO2005085352 A1 WO 2005085352A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08L33/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/14—Treatment of polymer emulsions
- C08F6/22—Coagulation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/10—Transparent films; Clear coatings; Transparent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/04—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin composition containing a polylactic acid polymer and having high transparency, heat resistance and impact resistance.
- biodegradable plastics that are biodegradable or decompose in the natural environment have recently attracted attention. It is known that biodegradable plastics gradually decompose and degrade in soil and water due to hydrolysis and biodegradation, and eventually become harmless decomposition products due to the action of microorganisms.
- biodegradable plastics that are being considered for practical use include natural biocellulose and starch-based plastics, aliphatic polyesters, modified PVA (polybutyl alcohol), cellulose ester compounds, modified starches, and the like. Are roughly divided into blends.
- aliphatic polyesters that are relatively balanced in terms of processability, cost, mechanical properties, water resistance, and the like and are easy to use in various applications are listed.
- aliphatic polyester for example, poly (hydroxybutyrate) is used as a microorganism-producing polymer.
- Acid Z-valeric acid is known as a synthetic polymer, such as polycaprolactone, a condensate of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and aliphatic diol, and a polylactic acid-based polymer as a semi-synthetic polymer. Polymers are known.
- Polylactic acid-based polymers are synthesized using raw materials such as non-petroleum-based raw materials, sweet potatoes, and corn, and are therefore attracting attention as plant-based plastics without using petroleum resources. Until now, applications that used petroleum-based plastics have been actively replaced by polylactic acid-based polymers.
- Polylactic acid-based polymers are mainly used for films and sheets, taking advantage of their transparency.
- heat resistance of the polylactic acid-based polymer alone is low, it is difficult to substitute conventional petroleum-based plastics such as transparent polychlorinated vinyl resin and polyethylene terephthalate.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 2725870
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-2003-286396
- an object of the present invention is to provide a thermoplastic resin composition having both heat resistance and impact resistance while energizing the transparency of a polylactic acid-based polymer.
- the gist of the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is a polylactic acid-based polymer (A), an acrylic polymer (B) containing a methyl methacrylate monomer unit, and a rubbery polymer. And a graft copolymer (C) obtained by graft-polymerizing a vinyl monomer into the polymer.
- the refractive index Rc of the graft copolymer (C) and the polylactic acid-based polymer (A) Total bending of acrylic polymer (B)
- composition ratio of the polylactic acid-based polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer (B) is preferably in the range of 1Z99-99Z1 (mass ratio).
- the graft copolymer (C) is blended in an amount of 115 to 150 parts by mass based on a total of 100 parts by mass of the polylactic acid-based polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer (B).
- the graft copolymer (C) is obtained by using, as a rubbery polymer, a silicone rubber containing a polyorganosiloxane or an acrylic rubber containing a polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber. It is preferable that there is.
- the gist of the molded article of the present invention resides in a molded article obtained by molding the thermoplastic resin composition.
- the molded article preferably has a total light transmittance of 65% or more. Further, the molded article preferably has a haze value of 60% or less.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention a molded article having high transparency, heat resistance, and impact resistance can be obtained.
- Such molded articles are particularly suitably used for applications requiring such physical properties as building materials, automobiles, toys, stationery, and other miscellaneous goods, as well as automobile parts, OA equipment, and home electric appliances.
- the present invention relates to a graft polymerization of a vinyl monomer to a polylactic acid polymer (A), an acrylic polymer (B) containing a methyl methacrylate monomer unit, and a rubber polymer.
- the refractive index Rab satisfies the following relational expression (1).
- the refractive index Rc of the graft copolymer (C) in the present invention can be measured with an Abbe refractometer.
- the total refractive index Rab of the polylactic acid-based polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer (B) is determined by mixing the polylactic acid-based polymer and the acrylic polymer that constitute the resin composition in advance at the usage ratio. Then, the value obtained by measuring the refractive index with an Abbe refractometer is used.
- polylactic acid-based polymer (A) used in the present invention polylactic acid or a lactic acid copolymer obtained by copolymerizing lactic acid with other components can be used. Also, a mixture of these polymers can be used.
- Polylactic acid can be synthesized by a conventionally known method. For example, direct dehydration-condensation of lactic acid power or cyclic dimerization of lactic acid as described in JP-A-7-33861, JP-A-59-96123, and Proceedings of the Society of Polymer Discussion, Vol. 44, pp. 3198-3199. It can be synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of lactide.
- L-lactic acid, D-lactic acid, DL-lactic acid, or any of these mixtures may be used.
- any of lactide of L-lactide, D-lactide, DL-lactide, meso lactide, or a mixture thereof may be used.
- Lactide synthesis, purification and polymerization procedures are described, for example, in US Patent No. 4057537, Published European Patent Application No. 261572, Polymer Bulletin, 14, 491-495 (1985), and Makromol Chem., 187, It is described in various documents such as 1611-1628 (1986).
- the constituent molar ratio (LZD) of L-lactic acid units and D-lactic acid units in polylactic acid may be any of 100 Z0-0Z100.
- LZD is preferably 100Z0-60Z40, more preferably 100Z0-80 ⁇ 20.
- a lactic acid copolymer is a copolymer of a lactic acid monomer or lactide and another component copolymerizable therewith.
- copolymerizable components include dicarboxylic acids, polyhydric alcohols, hydroxycarboxylic acids, and ratatone having two or more ester bond-forming functional groups.
- dicarboxylic acid include succinic acid, azelaic acid, and sebaic acid. Sinic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and the like can be mentioned.
- polyhydric alcohol examples include aromatic polyhydric alcohols such as bisphenol to which ethylene oxide is added and reacted; ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, hexanediol, octanediol, and the like. Aliphatic polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, sorbitan, trimethylolpropane, and neopentyl glycol; ether glycols such as ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol;
- hydroxycarboxylic acid examples include glycolic acid, hydroxybutyl carboxylic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, 3-hydroxyvaleric acid, 4-hydroxyvaleric acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid, and other specialties.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 6-184417 is an example.
- Ratatone includes, for example, glycolide, ⁇ -force prolataton glycolide, ⁇ -force prolataton, —propiolatone, ⁇ -butyrolataton, j8- or ⁇ -butyrolataton, pivalolataton, ⁇ -valerolatone, and the like.
- the biodegradability of a lactic acid copolymer is affected by the content of lactic acid units in the copolymer.
- the content of lactic acid units in the lactic acid copolymer is preferably 50 mol% or more, more preferably 70 mol% or more, depending on the copolymerization component used.
- the mechanical properties and biodegradability of the obtained product can be improved by the content of the lactic acid unit and the copolymer component.
- the polylactic acid-based polymer ( ⁇ ⁇ ) is not particularly limited.
- a polymer having a melting point of 60 to 200 ° C and a mass average molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000 is preferably used. .
- Those having a mass average molecular weight of 100,000 to 300,000 are more preferably used.
- polylactic acid and another aliphatic polyester may be simply blended.
- the content of polylactic acid contained in the blend is preferably 50 mol% or more, more preferably 70 mol% or more, in terms of mol.
- polylactic acid-based polymer (A) commercially available ones can be used, and examples thereof include Lacea “H-100”, “H-400”, and “H-100J” manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
- the acrylic polymer (B) is a polymer containing a monomer unit of methyl methacrylate, and a homopolymer of methyl methacrylate or a monomer copolymerizable therewith with methyl methacrylate. Can be used. When a copolymer is used, it is preferable to use a copolymer containing 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more of a methyl methacrylate monomer unit.
- methyl methacrylate examples include alkyl acrylates such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and butyl acrylate; and ethyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate.
- alkyl acrylates such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and butyl acrylate; and ethyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate.
- alkyl methacrylates and the like can be mentioned.
- acrylic polymer (B) other monomers copolymerizable with methyl methacrylate, such as aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene, vinyl cyanide monomers such as acrylonitrile, It is also possible to use those in which cyclohexylmaleimide / femaleimide, maleic anhydride, glutaric anhydride and the like are copolymerized.
- the method for producing the acrylic polymer (B) is not particularly limited, and various known methods such as suspension polymerization, bulk polymerization, and emulsion polymerization are applied.
- the molecular weight of the acrylic polymer (B) is not particularly limited, but the weight average molecular weight is preferably from 60,000 to 300,000.
- acrylic polymer (B) commercially available ones can be used, for example, Mitsubishi Rayon's Ataripet “VH”, “MF”, “MD”, “UT-100”, etc. Is mentioned.
- acrylic polymer (B) in which phenylmaleimide is copolymerized include, for example, PMI resins “P35S” and “P60S” manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.
- the graft copolymer (C) in the present invention is a graft copolymer in which a vinyl polymer is graft-polymerized on a rubbery polymer.
- the rubbery polymer used in the graft copolymer of the present invention is roughly classified into a silicone rubber containing a polyorganosiloxane and an acrylic rubber containing a polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber.
- the method for producing these components is not particularly limited. However, the emulsion polymerization method is most suitable.
- the butyl monomer used for the graft polymerization is not particularly limited, but in order to adjust the refractive index of the graft copolymer (C), an aromatic alkenyl compound, a methacrylic ester, an acrylate, a cyanide butyl compound is used. It is preferably at least one or more selected from Nirui-dani-dori.
- silicone rubber used in the present invention examples include a polyorganosiloxane rubber and a silicone / acrylic composite rubber obtained by compounding a polyorganosiloxane and an acrylic rubber.
- Silicone Z is preferred from the viewpoint of transparency and impact resistance. It is preferable to use an acrylic composite rubber.
- the polyorganosiloxane / acrylic composite rubber contains one or more polyorganosiloxane components.
- the polyorganosiloxane component can be prepared by emulsion polymerization using an organosiloxane and a crosslinking agent (CI). At that time, it is common to use a graft crossing agent (GI) in combination.
- CI crosslinking agent
- GI graft crossing agent
- organosiloxane examples include various cyclic members having three or more members, such as hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, otatamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, and trimethyltrisiloxane.
- Ethylcyclotrisiloxane, tetramethyltetraphenylcyclotetrasiloxane, octaphenylcyclotetrasiloxane and the like can be mentioned. Among them, those having a 3- to 6-membered ring are preferably used. These may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.
- Examples of the graft crossing agent (GI) include a compound capable of forming a unit represented by the following formula.
- methacryloyloxysiloxane is particularly preferred.
- Examples of the compound capable of forming the unit of the above formula (GI-2) include butylsiloxane, and specific examples include tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane.
- Examples of the compound capable of forming the unit of the above formula (GI-3) include ⁇ -butylphenyldimethoxymethylsilane.
- Compounds which can form the unit of the above formula (GI-4) include ⁇ -mercaptopropyldimethoxy Examples include simethylsilane, ⁇ -mercaptopropylmethoxydimethylsilane, ⁇ -mercaptopropylmethoxymethylsilane, and the like.
- the latex of the polyorganosiloxane component can be produced by the methods described in, for example, US Patent Nos. 2,891,920 and 3,294,725.
- a mixed solution of an organosiloxane, a crosslinking agent (CI) and, if desired, a graft-linking agent (GI) is mixed in the presence of a sulfonic acid emulsifier such as alkylbenzenesulfonic acid or alkylsulfonic acid, for example, with a homogenizer or the like.
- Alkyl benzene sulfonic acid It is preferred to produce by a method of shear mixing with water using Alkyl benzene sulfonic acid is preferred because it acts as an emulsifier for the organosiloxane and also serves as a polymerization initiator.
- the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate polymer component can be synthesized using an alkyl (meth) acrylate, a cross-linking agent (CII), and a graft cross-linking agent (GII).
- CII cross-linking agent
- GII graft cross-linking agent
- alkyl (meth) acrylate examples include: alkyl acrylates such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, ⁇ -propyl acrylate, ⁇ -butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and hexyl methacrylate.
- Alkyl methacrylates such as 1,2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and ⁇ -radiyl methacrylate; and ⁇ -butyl acrylate.
- crosslinking agent (CII) examples include ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, propylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, and 1,4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate.
- the above-mentioned alkyl (meth) acrylate and the crosslinking agent (CII) were introduced into a latex of a polyorganosiloxane component neutralized by adding an aqueous solution of an alkali such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.
- an alkali such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.
- a graft-linking agent (GII) and impregnating the polyorganosiloxane particles the reaction is carried out by the action of a usual radical polymerization initiator.
- a latex of a composite rubber of a polyorganosiloxane component and a polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber component is obtained.
- the polyorganosiloxane Z acrylic composite rubber thus produced by emulsion polymerization can be graft-copolymerized with a vinyl monomer.
- the polyorganosiloxane Z acrylic composite rubber preferably has a gel content of 80% by mass or more as measured by extraction with toluene at 90 ° C for 4 hours.
- the polyorganosiloxane Z acrylic composite rubber By graft-polymerizing one or more vinyl monomers in the presence of the polyorganosiloxane Z acrylic composite rubber described above, the polyorganosiloxane Z acrylic composite rubber and the graft The resulting polyorganosiloxane Z acrylic composite rubber graft copolymer can be obtained.
- the vinyl monomer constituting the graft portion is not particularly limited. Specific examples thereof include aromatic alkenyl compounds such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene and butyltoluene; methacrylates such as methyl methacrylate and 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate; methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and the like. Various butyl monomers such as acrylate esters such as ⁇ -butyl acrylate, and cyanide butyl compounds such as atari-tolyl and methallyl-tolyl. These vinyl monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the refractive index Rc of the silicone rubber graft copolymer (C) and the polylactic acid polymer (A) The following method is used to keep the total refractive index Rab of the rill-based polymer (B) within a predetermined range. That is, for example, for a resin composition having a high content of the acrylic polymer (B) and a high Rab, a polyorganosiloxane Z acrylic composite rubber having a higher refractive index than the polyorganosiloxane rubber is used. It is preferable to use the obtained graft copolymer.
- grafting can be achieved by using more polyalkyl (meth) atalylate rubber components such as methyl acrylate, n-ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate. It is possible to further increase the refractive index Rc of the copolymer.
- the refractive index Rc of the graft copolymer in accordance with Rab can be lowered by reducing the amount of the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber component used.
- the refractive index Rc of the graft copolymer (C) can be adjusted by adjusting the type and amount of the butyl monomer to be graft-copolymerized with the rubbery polymer.
- the acrylic rubber may be a (co) polymer obtained by simply polymerizing one or more monomers, but in particular, a composite material that exhibits higher physical properties in low-temperature impact strength. It is preferably rubber.
- the (meth) acrylic esters constituting the acrylic rubber (AR1) component include, in particular, 2-ethylhexyl atalylate, ethoxyshethyl atalylate, methoxytripropylene glycol atalylate, and 4-hydroxybutyl. Preference is given to atalylate, tridecyl methacrylate, tridecyl phthalate, stearyl methacrylate and stearyl atalylate.
- the monomer used to obtain the acrylic rubber usually contains a monomer having two or more unsaturated bonds in the molecule, and its content is preferably 2% by mass or less. 5 mass% or less is more preferable.
- a monomer having two or more unsaturated bonds in a molecule functions as a cross-linking agent or a graft cross-linking agent.
- the cross-linking agent include ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, propylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, dibutylbenzene, and polyfunctional methacryl. Group-modified silicones and the like.
- graft crossing agent examples include aryl methacrylate, triaryl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate and the like. Allyl methacrylate can also be used as a crosslinking agent. These crosslinking agents and graft crossing agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the crosslinking agent or the grafting agent used for the acrylic rubber (AR1) component and the acrylic rubber (AR2) component is determined based on the amount (% by mass) used for each component.
- the amount used for the (AR2) component is larger than that for the (AR1) component.
- the glass transition temperature of the acrylic rubber is measured as the transition point of Tan ⁇ by a dynamic mechanical property analyzer (hereinafter referred to as “DMA”).
- DMA dynamic mechanical property analyzer
- a polymer obtained from a monomer has a unique glass transition temperature, and a single transition point is observed for a single component (single component or a random copolymer of multiple components), but a mixture of multiple components, Alternatively, a unique transition point is observed in each of the composited polymers. For example, when it consists of two components, two transition points are observed by measurement.
- Tan ⁇ curve measured by DMA two peaks are observed. When there is a bias in the composition ratio or when the transition temperature is close, the respective peaks may approach and may be observed as a peak having a shoulder portion. Since it is different from the peak curve, it can be distinguished.
- various conventionally known surfactants such as anionic, nonionic, and cationic can be used as an emulsifier or a dispersion stabilizer. If necessary, two or more surfactants can be mixed and used.
- the acrylic rubber a copolymer rubber obtained by copolymerizing a (meth) acrylic monomer and a gen monomer can also be used.
- the (meth) acrylic monomer in this case is not particularly limited, but the above-mentioned (meth) acrylate is usually used.
- examples of the gen-based monomer include 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, and chloroprene.
- the composition ratio of the acrylic monomer and the gen monomer it is preferable that the gen monomer be added in a ratio not exceeding 45% by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the total monomers. If it exceeds 45% by mass, the refractive index increases, and transparency is impaired.
- halogenated burs such as bur and bromide bromide
- halogenated bilidenes such as bilidene chloride and bilidene bromide
- glycidyl atalylate such as bur and bromide bromide
- halogenated bilidenes such as bilidene chloride and bilidene bromide
- glycidyl atalylate such as bur and bromide bromide
- aryl glycidyl ether such as halogenated bilidenes
- glycidyl atalylate such as bur and bromide bromide
- aryl glycidyl ether such as halogenated bilidenes
- ethylene glycol glycidyl ether such as ethylene glycol glycidyl ether
- ethylene glycol glycidyl ether such as a butyl-based monomer having a glycidyl group, dibutylbenzen
- an acrylic rubber graft copolymer also comprising an acrylic rubber and a graft portion is obtained.
- the vinyl-based monomer may include a bullet-based monomer having two or more unsaturated bonds in the molecule from the viewpoint of impact resistance and heat resistance.
- a bullet-based monomer having two or more unsaturated bonds in the molecule from the viewpoint of impact resistance and heat resistance.
- Specific examples thereof include ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, propylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, dibutylbenzene, and multifunctional methacryl groups.
- Monomers that function as a cross-linking agent such as modified silicone
- monomers that function as a cross-linking agent and Z or a graft cross-linking agent such as arylaryl methacrylate, triaryl cyanurate, and triallyl isocyanurate. .
- the graft portion can be produced by one-stage or multi-stage polymerization.
- the effect of improving the shock resistance is to increase the number of stages in the graph portion.
- the graft portion contains a reactive monomer unit such as glycidyl methacrylate
- a method of maintaining the reactivity of glycidyl methacrylate and maintaining good dispersibility by multistage polymerization is used. Doing so is an effective means.
- the polymerization is preferably performed in 5 stages or less, more preferably in 3 stages or less.
- a polymerization method for producing the graft portion general drop polymerization can be used.
- the method of batch charging the components constituting the graft part in the presence of the acrylic rubber, and then adding a catalyst to polymerize is better.
- the aggregated particles tend to fuse.
- the second and subsequent stages may be charged all at once or may be charged dropwise.
- the ratio of the acrylic rubber to the graft portion in the graft copolymer is preferably such that the amount of the acrylic rubber is 80 to 99 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass in total of both. It is particularly preferable that the amount be 80 to 90 parts by mass.
- the amount of the rubber part is 1 part by mass or more, the dispersibility of the obtained graft copolymer in the thermoplastic resin composition is improved, and the processability of the thermoplastic resin composition is improved.
- the amount of the graft portion is 20 parts by mass or less, the impact strength of the graft copolymer is improved.
- the refractive index Rc of the graft copolymer (C) can be adjusted by adjusting the type and amount of the butyl monomer to be graft-copolymerized with the rubbery polymer.
- the graft copolymer (C) is usually obtained as a latex.
- the graft copolymer obtained as this latex is preferably recovered as a powder or granules by spray recovery or wet coagulation with a coagulant such as an acid or salt.
- a coagulant such as an acid or salt.
- wet coagulation with an acid is not preferred.
- the functional group may be deactivated or adversely affected.
- an alkaline earth metal salt such as calcium acetate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, or the like.
- the alkaline earth metal When the alkaline earth metal is used, deterioration such as decomposition of the matrix resin due to moisture and heat can be suppressed as much as possible. If the deterioration of the matrix resin can be suppressed, the moist heat resistance of the molded article made of the thermoplastic resin composition is improved. Moisture / heat resistance affects the impact strength of molded products, which greatly affects the recyclability of molded products.
- a spray recovery method that does not include salts for the coagulant itself is effective.
- a class of filler or another polymer is co-sprayed simultaneously with the graft copolymer to obtain a powder that combines the two. Can be collected. By selecting the type of co-spray, the powder properties become more favorable.
- V, handling! /, Sex can be realized.
- the components to be sprayed include a calcium component, silica, and a hard vinyl copolymer.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention contains at least a polylactic acid-based polymer (A), an acrylic polymer (B), and a graft copolymer (C).
- the composition ratio between the polylactic acid-based polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer (B) is 1Z99-99Z1 (mass ratio), preferably 5Z95-95Z5 (mass ratio).
- the amount of the polylactic acid-based polymer (A) is less than 1% by mass, the effect of reducing the burden on the environment is small.
- the amount of the acrylic polymer (B) is less than 1% by mass, the effect of improving the heat resistance is reduced. .
- the blending amount of the graft copolymer (C) is not particularly limited, but is usually a polylactic acid-based polymer (
- polystyrene polystyrene
- HIPS polystyrene
- Styrene resin such as ABS, AS, MS resin, polyphenylene ether resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, polyacetal resin, polychloride resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. It can be added to other thermoplastic resins such as polyolefin resin.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention When preparing the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention, as long as the physical properties are not impaired, the thermoplastic resin composition is conventionally known at a desired stage such as compounding, kneading, and molding the thermoplastic resin. Various flame retardants, stabilizers, fillers and the like can be added.
- the flame retardant that can be used in the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but when a halogen-based flame retardant, a phosphoric acid-based flame retardant, or a silicone-based flame retardant is used, impact resistance and the like are impaired. It is preferable because it can exhibit a high flame retardancy that can not be used. Examples of such a flame retardant include a halogen-containing compound, a phosphoric acid compound, a silicone compound, and a halogen compound. Containing organic metal salt compounds.
- the flame retardant include phosphoric acid compounds such as a phosphoric ester compound, a phosphite ester conjugate, and a condensed phosphate ester ligate; hydroxyl sulphide aluminum; Acid antimony compounds such as antimony; halogen-containing phosphate compounds, halogen-containing condensed phosphate compounds, halogens such as brominated aromatic compounds such as chlorinated paraffins, brominated aromatic triazines, and brominated phenyl alkyl ethers.
- phosphoric acid compounds such as a phosphoric ester compound, a phosphite ester conjugate, and a condensed phosphate ester ligate
- hydroxyl sulphide aluminum Acid antimony compounds such as antimony
- halogen-containing phosphate compounds, halogen-containing condensed phosphate compounds, halogens such as brominated aromatic compounds such as chlorinated paraffins, brominated aromatic triazines, and bromin
- the blending amount of the flame retardant is preferably 10 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the total of the polylactic acid-based polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer (B).
- LV is preferred, but the viewpoint of transparency is also most preferred, and 0 parts by mass.
- Examples of the stabilizer include a metal-based stabilizer and other stabilizers.
- metal stabilizer examples include lead stabilizers such as tribasic lead sulfate, dibasic lead phosphite, basic lead sulfite, and lead silicate; potassium, magnesium, barium, zinc, cadmium, Derived from metals such as lead and fatty acids such as 2-ethylhexanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, normitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, linoleic acid, and behenic acid Metallic soap stabilizers; organotin stabilizers derived from alkyl groups, ester groups, etc.
- lead stabilizers such as tribasic lead sulfate, dibasic lead phosphite, basic lead sulfite, and lead silicate
- potassium, magnesium, barium, zinc, cadmium Derived from metals such as lead and fatty acids such as 2-ethylhexa
- organic acids such as unsaturated fatty acids such as branched fatty acids, oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, and linoleic acid; alicyclic acids such as naphthenic acid; Metal salt stabilizers derived from the following; dissolved in organic solvents such as petroleum hydrocarbons, alcohols and glycerin derivatives, and further phosphites, epoxy compounds, color development inhibitors, and transparency improvers.
- a metal salt liquid stabilizer prepared by blending a stabilizer such as a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, an anti-plateout agent, and a lubricant.
- Other stabilizers include epoxy compounds such as epoxy resin, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized vegetable oil, and epoxidized fatty acid alkyl ester; 2,4-di-tert-butyl substituted with a dihydric alcohol such as propylene glycol, an aromatic compound such as bisphenol A, and the like, and substituted with a hydroxyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxyl group or the like; — UV absorbers such as hindered phenols such as bisphenols dimerized with hydroxytoluene (BHT) and sulfur-methylene groups, salicylic acid esters, benzophenones and benzotriazoles; photostable of hinderdamine or nickel complex salts Agents; ultraviolet shielding agents such as carbon black and rutile titanium oxide; polyhydric alcohols such as trimerol propane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, and mannitol; j8-aminocrotonate; 2-phenylene glyco
- the amount of the stabilizer is preferably 5 parts by mass or less, more preferably 2 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total of the polylactic acid-based polymer ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ) and the acrylic polymer).
- the viewpoint of transparency is most preferred, and the amount is 0 parts by mass.
- Examples of the filler include carbonates such as heavy calcium carbonate, precipitated calcium carbonate, and colloidal calcium carbonate; titanium oxide, clay, talc, myriki, silica, and carbon black.
- inorganic fillers such as graphite, glass beads, glass beads, glass fibers, carbon fibers and metal fibers; organic fibers such as polyamide; organic fillers such as silicone; natural organic substances such as wood flour; Particularly, a fiber-reinforced resin composition containing a fibrous reinforcing material such as glass fiber or carbon fiber is very useful.
- the amount of the filler used is preferably 5 parts by mass or less, more preferably 3 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total of the polylactic acid-based polymer ( ⁇ ) and the acrylic polymer ( ⁇ ).
- LV is preferred, but the viewpoint of transparency is also most preferred, and 0 parts by mass.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention further includes a processing aid, a plasticizer, a lubricant, a flame retardant, a heat resistance improver, a release agent, a crystal nucleating agent, a fluidity improver, a colorant, and a charge.
- Inhibitors, conductive additives, surfactants, antifogging agents, foaming agents, antibacterial agents and the like can be added.
- Alkyl esters alkyl esters of polybasic acids of fatty acids such as dibutyl diadipate, dioctyl adipate, disionol adipate, dibutyl lazelate, dioctyl lazelate, diisonol lazelate; phosphate esters such as tricresyl phosphate; adipic acid And polyhydric carboxylic acids such as azelaic acid, sebacic acid and phthalic acid, and polyhydric carboxylic acids such as ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, and 1,4-butylene glycol.
- Polyester plasticizers such as iridani, in which the end of a polycondensate having a molecular weight of about 600-8,000 is sealed with a monohydric alcohol or a monohydric carboxylic acid; epoxydani soybean oil, epoxidized flax oil And epoxidized tall oil fatty acids, such as epoxy plasticizers such as 2-ethylhexyl; and chlorinated paraffin.
- the amount of the plasticizer used is preferably 30 parts by mass or less, more preferably 10 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total of the polylactic acid-based polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer). , Is most preferably from the viewpoint of transparency, 0 parts by mass.
- the lubricant examples include pure hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffin and low molecular weight polyethylene, halogenated hydrocarbons, fatty acids such as higher fatty acids and oxy fatty acids, polyhydric alcohol esters of fatty acids such as fatty acid amides and glycerides, and fatty acids. Fatty alcohol esters (ester wax), metal soaps, fatty alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, polyglycols, polyglycerols, partial esters of fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols, esters of fatty acids and polydalicol, partial esters of polyglycerols, etc. Acrylic ester copolymers and the like can be mentioned.
- heat resistance improver examples include (meth) acrylate-based copolymers, imide-based copolymers, and styrene-acrylonitrile-based copolymers.
- the amount of the lubricant used depends on the polylactic acid polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer. 5 parts by mass or less is preferable with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total of the body (B). 1 part by mass is more preferable. Power from viewpoint of transparency. Most preferable is 0 part by mass.
- thermoplastic resin composition (Method for producing thermoplastic resin composition)
- the molded article of the present invention is obtained by molding the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition.
- the molded article thus obtained can be used for, for example, building materials, automobiles, toys, stationery, and other miscellaneous goods, as well as automobile parts, OA equipment, home electric appliances, etc., but has high transparency, impact resistance, and heat resistance. Because of their properties, they are particularly preferably used as building materials, automobile parts, OA equipment, and home electric appliances.
- parts and % mean “parts by mass” and “% by mass” unless otherwise specified.
- thermoplastic resin composition pellets Using the thermoplastic resin composition pellets, a 3 mm-thick, 10 cm square plate was molded by an injection molding method and measured according to ASTM D1003.
- thermoplastic resin composition pellets Using the thermoplastic resin composition pellets, a 3 mm-thick, 10 cm square plate was molded by an injection molding method and measured according to ASTM D1003.
- thermoplastic resin composition pellets were cut out from a 12.7 mm ⁇ 127 mm bar-shaped test piece by an injection molding method, and the Izod impact strength was measured at 23 ° C. according to JIS ⁇ ⁇ -7113.
- a powder thin film having a thickness of about lmm of the graft copolymer (C) was formed.
- the refractive index was measured with an Abbe refractometer according to ASTM-D542.
- a saturated aqueous solution of zinc chloride is used as the contact liquid was used.
- a mixture of 100 parts of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 100 parts by mass of aryl methacrylate corresponding to 1.0% by mass based on the amount of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate is mixed with sodium lauryl sulfate at 0.1%.
- the calorie was added to 195 parts of distilled water dissolved in 8 parts, and the mixture was preliminarily stirred with a homomixer at 10, OOO rpm, and further emulsified and dispersed with a homogenizer at a pressure of 30 MPa to obtain a (meth) atharylate emanoresion.
- the emulsion was transferred to a separable flask equipped with a condenser and a stirring blade, and heated while being replaced with nitrogen and mixed and stirred.
- a temperature reached 50 ° C.
- 0.5 part of tertiary-butyl-no-dropper oxide was added.
- the temperature was raised to 50 ° C., and a mixed solution of 0.002 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.006 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.26 part of Rongalite and 5 parts of distilled water was added, and the mixture was maintained for 5 hours.
- the first polymerization step was completed to obtain an acrylic rubber (AR5) latex.
- a mixture of 06 parts, 13 parts of methyl methacrylate and 2.0 parts of butyl acrylate was added dropwise at 70 ° C for 15 minutes, and then maintained at 70 ° C for 4 hours to complete the graft polymerization.
- a latex of an acrylic rubber graft copolymer (ARL7) was obtained.
- the latex of this graft copolymer was dropped into 200 parts of hot water in which 1.5% by mass of Shiridani calcium was dissolved, and the acrylic rubber graft copolymer (ARL7) was coagulated, separated, washed, After drying at 75 ° C for 16 hours, a powdery acrylic rubber-based graft copolymer (M-1) was obtained.
- Laceia H-100 (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) was used as the polylactic acid-based polymer (A).
- the following graft copolymers (1)-(10) and (M-1) were used as the graft copolymer (C). Also, using "Pramate PD-150" from Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.
- SRK-200 Metaprene SRK-200 manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., polyorganosiloxane Z acrylic composite rubber graft copolymer
- W-450A Metabrene W-450A manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., acrylic rubber graft copolymer
- W-460A Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Metablen W-460A, acrylic rubber graft copolymer
- FM-50 Acrylic rubber graft copolymer, Kaneace FM-50, manufactured by Kaneryoku Co., Ltd.
- IM-808 LG-made IM-808, acrylic rubber graft copolymer
- KM-355P R & P3 ⁇ 4hi3 ⁇ 4KM-355P, acrylic rubber graft copolymer
- C-223A Metabrene C-223A manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., a gen-based rubber graft copolymer
- Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 0 Polylactic acid-based polymer (A) Rage 7H-100 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 75 75 Acrylic polymer (B) 7 ⁇ VH 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 25 25
- the polymerization initiation power was also allowed to react for 5 hours, and 0.39 parts of potassium beef tallow fatty acid and 0.16 parts of sodium M-lau mouth sarcosine were added, to obtain a rubber polymer latex (bl).
- the particle size of the obtained butadiene rubber polymer latex (bl) was 9 lnm.
- the following mixture was polymerized at 63 ° C. for 4 hours to prepare an emulsion (MAA-BA copolymer) having a transfer ratio of 98% and a pH of 5.0.
- graft copolymer latex 0.5 parts of butyl ether hydroxytoluene was added, and then an aqueous 18.8% calcium acetate solution was added for coagulation, followed by heat treatment and solidification at 90 ° C. Thereafter, the coagulated product was washed with warm water and further dried to obtain a graft copolymer (M-2).
- the butadiene Z acrylic rubber polymer latex (b-1) obtained in Production Example 2 was used as a solid content in 75 parts, and the carboxyl group-containing copolymer (b2-1) was converted to a solid content of 2.0. The mixture was partially added and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes.
- graft copolymer latex To the obtained graft copolymer latex was added 0.5 parts of butyl ether hydroxytoluene, and then an aqueous 18.8% calcium acetate solution was added for coagulation, followed by heat treatment and solidification at 90 ° C. Thereafter, the coagulated product was washed with warm water and dried to obtain a graft copolymer (M-3).
- graft copolymer latex 0.5 parts of butyl ether hydroxytoluene was added, and then an aqueous 18.8% calcium acetate solution was added for coagulation, followed by heat treatment and solidification at 90 ° C. Thereafter, the coagulated product was washed with warm water and dried to obtain a graft copolymer (M-4).
- a graft polymer (M-5) was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 4, except that the ratio of butadiene Z acrylic rubber polymer latex was changed to 20Z80.
- the particle diameter of the rubber polymer latex was 92 nm.
- a graft polymer (M-6) was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 4, except that the ratio of butadiene Z acrylic rubber polymer latex was changed to 5Z95.
- the particle diameter of the rubber polymer latex was 89 nm.
- the following mixture was polymerized at 63 ° C. for 4 hours to prepare an emulsion (MAA-BA copolymer) having a conversion ratio of 98% and a pH of 5.0.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention gives a molded article having high transparency, heat resistance, and impact strength.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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US10/591,455 US7589151B2 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2005-03-04 | Thermoplastic resin composition and molded article comprising the same |
EP05720032A EP1721936B1 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2005-03-04 | Thermoplastic resin composition and molded article comprising the same |
JP2006519392A JP4644667B2 (ja) | 2004-03-05 | 2005-03-04 | 熱可塑性樹脂組成物およびこれを用いた成形品 |
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Also Published As
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US7589151B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 |
CN100506912C (zh) | 2009-07-01 |
EP1721936A4 (en) | 2009-04-29 |
JP4644667B2 (ja) | 2011-03-02 |
EP1721936B1 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
US20070276090A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
CN1934191A (zh) | 2007-03-21 |
KR20060126837A (ko) | 2006-12-08 |
KR100805413B1 (ko) | 2008-02-20 |
EP1721936A1 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
JPWO2005085352A1 (ja) | 2007-12-13 |
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