WO2005080454A1 - リン系酸残基含有(メタ)アクリルアミド、それを用いた重合体とその用途、及びそれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
リン系酸残基含有(メタ)アクリルアミド、それを用いた重合体とその用途、及びそれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005080454A1 WO2005080454A1 PCT/JP2005/002939 JP2005002939W WO2005080454A1 WO 2005080454 A1 WO2005080454 A1 WO 2005080454A1 JP 2005002939 W JP2005002939 W JP 2005002939W WO 2005080454 A1 WO2005080454 A1 WO 2005080454A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- meth
- group
- acrylamide
- acid residue
- unsaturated
- Prior art date
Links
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
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- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 27
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- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
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- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006163 vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/40—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. salts, amides, imides, nitriles, anhydrides, esters
- B01D71/401—Polymers based on the polymerisation of acrylic acid, e.g. polyacrylate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/40—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. salts, amides, imides, nitriles, anhydrides, esters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
- B01D71/82—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74 characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/09—Esters of phosphoric acids
- C07F9/091—Esters of phosphoric acids with hydroxyalkyl compounds with further substituents on alkyl
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/09—Esters of phosphoric acids
- C07F9/098—Esters of polyphosphoric acids or anhydrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/22—Amides of acids of phosphorus
- C07F9/24—Esteramides
- C07F9/2404—Esteramides the ester moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/2433—Compounds containing the structure N-P(=X)n-X-acyl, N-P(=X)n-X-heteroatom, N-P(=X)n-X-CN (X = O, S, Se; n = 0, 1)
- C07F9/245—Compounds containing the structure N-P(=X)n-X-acyl, N-P(=X)n-X-heteroatom, N-P(=X)n-X-CN (X = O, S, Se; n = 0, 1) containing the structure N-P(=X)n-X-P (X = O, S, Se; n = 0, 1)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/22—Amides of acids of phosphorus
- C07F9/24—Esteramides
- C07F9/2454—Esteramides the amide moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/2479—Compounds containing the structure P(=X)n-N-acyl, P(=X)n-N-heteroatom, P(=X)n-N-CN (X = O, S, Se; n = 0, 1)
- C07F9/2487—Compounds containing the structure P(=X)n-N-acyl, P(=X)n-N-heteroatom, P(=X)n-N-CN (X = O, S, Se; n = 0, 1) containing the structure P(=X)n-N-C(=X) (X = O, S, Se; n = 0, 1)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/22—Amides of acids of phosphorus
- C07F9/24—Esteramides
- C07F9/2454—Esteramides the amide moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/2479—Compounds containing the structure P(=X)n-N-acyl, P(=X)n-N-heteroatom, P(=X)n-N-CN (X = O, S, Se; n = 0, 1)
- C07F9/2495—Compounds containing the structure P(=X)n-N-acyl, P(=X)n-N-heteroatom, P(=X)n-N-CN (X = O, S, Se; n = 0, 1) containing the structure P(=X)n-N-P (X = O, S, Se; n = 0, 1)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F230/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
- C08F230/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/62—Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08G18/6283—Polymers of nitrogen containing compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D143/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D143/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing phosphorus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/24—Electrically-conducting paints
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/122—Ionic conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/56—Acrylamide; Methacrylamide
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphoric acid residue useful as a raw material for a conductive resin, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and the like, a polymer using the same, a use thereof, and a method for producing the same.
- Phosphoric acid residues such as (poly) phosphoric acid groups and (poly) phosphonic acid groups; and acrylamide-based polymers having an electrolyte group such as a sulfonic acid salt group are used for conductive materials, paper modifiers, It is useful in a wide range of applications such as materials and agricultural materials. Above all, acrylamide-based high polymers having a phosphorus-based acid residue as an electrolyte group are particularly hydrophilic because they are poorly soluble in water while being hydrophilic, and have excellent oxidation resistance and flame retardancy. It is useful in various applications of conductive resins, antistatic agents, paper modifiers, and coating agents. For example, JP-A-10-251990 (Patent Document 1) discloses a papermaking additive using a poly (meth) acrylamide derivative containing a phosphate group.
- the phosphate group-containing poly (meth) acrylamide derivative of Patent Document 1 is obtained by copolymerizing (meth) acrylamide and a phosphate group-containing unsaturated monomer, and comprises an electrolyte The density has not reached a satisfactory level.
- R 23 is a hydrogen group or a methyl group
- R 24 and R 25 are a hydrogen group or an alkyl group having 13 carbon atoms
- R 26 is an alkylene group having 13 carbon atoms
- M 2 Is a hydrogen group, an alkali metal or an ammonium ion or an amine residue.
- this polymer is not a polymer obtained by introducing a phosphorus acid residue into a (meth) acrylamide monomer containing a sulfonic acid salt group and polymerizing the resulting derivative. Therefore, the polymer of Patent Document 2 has not reached a region where the electrolyte group density can be satisfied.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-10-251990
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-331810
- an object of the present invention is to provide a phosphoric acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide for producing an acrylamide polymer having a high electrolyte group density, a polymer using the same, and a use thereof, and Is to provide a manufacturing method.
- the present inventors have introduced a phosphorus-based acid residue into an N-substituted (meth) acrylamide-based monomer, It has been discovered that when polymerized, a polymer having high electrolyte group density and excellent conductivity can be obtained.
- the present inventor has also made it possible to react (a) a (meth) acrylamide-based monomer which may be N-substituted with phosphoric anhydride and / or phosphorus oxychloride, and to hydrolyze the obtained reaction product.
- the (meth) acrylamide-based monomer can be easily converted to a phosphorus-based acid residue. It was discovered that groups could be introduced. The present invention has been completed based on a powerful invention.
- the (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphorus acid residue of the present invention has the following formula (1):
- R 1 is a hydrogen group or a methyl group
- R 2 is a hydrogen group or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group.
- the phosphorus acid residue is introduced into an amide group of the (meth) acrylamide monomer.
- the phosphorus acid residue is preferably a phosphonic acid group or a polyphosphonic acid group.
- the (meth) acrylamide monomer is acrylamide, methacrylamide and the following formula (2):
- R 1 is a hydrogen group or a methyl group
- R 3 and R 4 are a hydrogen group or an alkyl group having 13 carbon atoms
- R 5 is an alkylene group having 13 carbon atoms
- M 1 Is a hydrogen group, a metal or a tertiary amine residue, and is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylamidoalkanesulfonates represented by).
- the acrylamide alkane sulfonate has the following formula (3):
- the (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a phosphoric acid residue of the present invention is characterized by polymerizing at least the (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphoric acid residue.
- the polymer may contain another unsaturated compound as a copolymer component.
- the other unsaturated compound includes (a) an unsaturated compound having at least one ethylenically unsaturated bond and at least one acidic group in the molecule, and / or (b) one or more ethylenically unsaturated compounds in the molecule. It is preferably an unsaturated compound having a saturated bond but no acidic group.
- the unsaturated compound having an acidic group (a) preferably has at least one acidic group selected from the group consisting of a phosphoric acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, and an alcoholic hydroxyl group.
- the unsaturated compound having an alcoholic hydroxyl group is preferably phosphorylated.
- the unsaturated compound having no acidic group of (b) may be (meth) attriyl nitrile, (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylate, an alkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer, or a conjugated liquid oligomer.
- a derivative thereof a vinyl aromatic-conjugated gen-based liquid oligomer or a derivative thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted styrene, a halogen butyl, a fatty acid butyl ester, and a fluorine-containing unsaturated monomer. Both are preferably one kind.
- These other unsaturated compounds may be crosslinking agents containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated bonds in the molecule.
- the alkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer has the following formula (4):
- N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide represented by the formula:
- the conductive resin of the present invention is characterized by containing the (meth) acrylamide-based polymer containing a phosphorus-based acid residue as an essential component.
- the conductive resin includes an unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer containing an unsaturated alcohol unit, a halogen butyl unit and / or a fatty acid butyl unit, a partially acetalized unsaturated alcohol-based polymer, a melamine resin, a poly (meth) atharylonitrile, At least one selected from the group consisting of poly (meth) acrylates, polyacrylanolamides, poly (meth) acrylic acids, polyacetals, urethane resins, cellulose or modified products thereof, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl acetate. One type may be included.
- the coating agent of the present invention is characterized by comprising a solution containing the above conductive resin.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention is characterized by containing the above-mentioned conductive resin as a solid polymer electrolyte and having proton conductivity.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention is suitable for use in fuel cells.
- the method for producing a (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphorus acid residue comprises the steps of: (a) preparing a compound represented by the above formula (1) in a solvent containing no active hydrogen and / or an acidic solvent; ) An acrylamide monomer is reacted with phosphoric anhydride and / or phosphorus oxychloride to hydrolyze the obtained reaction product, or (b) a (meth) acrylamide monomer and phosphoric acid, It is characterized by reacting with at least one selected from the group consisting of pyrophosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid.
- the solvent containing no active hydrogen is selected from the group consisting of N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide, dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide and dimethyl sulfoxide represented by the above formula (4). At least one selected is preferred.
- N, N-dialkyl (meth) atalinoleamide, N, N-dimethinole (meth) acrylamide is preferred.
- the method for producing a (meth) acrylamide-based polymer containing a phosphoric acid residue according to the present invention comprises preparing a (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphoric acid residue by the above-described production method, and obtaining at least the obtained phosphoric acid residue.
- the phosphoric acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide was prepared by using N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide represented by the above formula (4) as a solvent containing no active hydrogen, and obtained.
- the N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide and the (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphorus acid residue may be copolymerized using a reaction solution.
- a composition containing at least the phosphoric acid residue-containing (meth) atalylamide obtained by the above production method and a release agent is prepared, and the obtained composition is polymerized by radiation while sandwiched between two support substrates. May be.
- radiation ultraviolet rays, X-rays or electron beams are preferred. However, when ultraviolet rays are used, a photopolymerization initiator is added to the composition.
- the (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphorus acid residue of the present invention is obtained by introducing a phosphorus acid residue into a (meth) acrylamide monomer which may be N-substituted. Since (meth) atarylamide containing a phosphorus-based acid residue has a relatively small molecule, a polymer having a high electrolyte group density can be obtained by polymerizing the molecule. Since (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphorus acid residue does not contain an ester group, a polymer containing the same has high hardness.
- Resins containing this polymer as an essential component are useful for various applications such as conductive resins, solid polymer electrolytes, antistatic agents, anti-fog materials, modifiers for paper and pulp, and coating agents.
- a solid polymer electrolyte membrane containing this polymer is excellent in proton conductivity derived from high-density phosphorus-based acid residues. Therefore, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention is an electrolyte membrane for fuel cells, an electrolyte membrane for primary batteries, an electrolyte membrane for secondary batteries, display elements, various sensors, signal transmission media, solid capacitors, ion exchange membranes. It can be suitably used for such purposes.
- solid polymer electrolyte membranes containing cross-linked (meth) acrylamide polymers containing phosphoric acid residues can be applied as solid polymer electrolyte membranes for DMFCs (direct methanol fuel cells) for high power applications. Be expected.
- a phosphorus-based acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide of the present invention (a) an N-substituted (meth) acrylamide-based monomer, phosphoric anhydride and / or Or by reacting with oxychlorine and hydrolyzing the resulting reaction product, or (b) selected from the group consisting of (meth) acrylamide monomers and phosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid. At least one Which can easily introduce a phosphorus acid residue into a (meth) acrylamide monomer.
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a state where an unsaturated composition is sandwiched between two glass flat plates.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state where an unsaturated composition is sandwiched between two glass plates.
- FIG. 3 (a) is a partial perspective view showing a state where a test piece is placed on a flexibility tester.
- FIG. 3 (b) is a schematic side view showing a state where a test piece is moved in a slope direction of a flexibility tester.
- the (meth) acrylamide monomer which is a raw material of the (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphorus acid residue of the present invention has the following formula (1):
- R 1 is a hydrogen group or a methyl group, and R is a hydrogen group or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group.
- R 1 in the formula (1) is preferably a hydrogen group in order to improve the polymerizability.
- R 2 is preferably a hydrogen group in order to improve the density of the electrolyte group when a polymer is prepared by introducing a phosphorus acid residue.
- R 2 is a hydrocarbon group, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n_butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert_butyl group, 2-methylbutyl group And alkyl groups such as 3-methylbutyl group, n-octyl group and 2-ethylhexyl group; cycloalkyl groups such as cyclopropyl group and cyclohexyl group; aryl groups such as phenyl group.
- R 2 is a hydrocarbon group, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n_butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert_butyl group, 2-methylbutyl group
- alkyl groups such as 3-methylbutyl group, n-octyl group and 2-ethy
- substituents of these hydrocarbon groups which may be substituted include a sulfonic acid group which may form a complex salt; a methoxymethyl group, an ethoxymethyl group, an n-propoxymethyl group, and an isopropoxymethyl group.
- the substituted hydrocarbon group is preferably a group having a sulfonic acid group which may form a complex salt in order to improve the density of the electrolyte group when the polymer is prepared.
- the (meth) acrylamide-based monomer includes acrylamide, methacrylamide and the following formula (2):
- R 1 is a hydrogen group or a methyl group
- R 3 and R 4 are a hydrogen group or an alkyl group having 13 carbon atoms
- R 5 is an alkylene group having 13 carbon atoms
- M 1 Is a hydrogen group, a metal or a tertiary amine residue.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of acrylamidoalkanesulfonic acid salts represented by The acrylamide alkane sulfonate has the following formula (3):
- the tertiary butyl acrylamide sulfonic acid represented by is preferred.
- the phosphorus acid residue introduced into the (meth) acrylamide monomer is at least one phosphorus acid selected from the group consisting of phosphoric anhydride, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid. It is derived. Among them, phosphoric anhydride is preferably used as the phosphorus acid. Phosphoric anhydride is highly reactive, and the introduction of phosphorus acid residues into (meth) acrylamide monomers proceeds smoothly.
- a method for producing (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphoric acid residue using phosphoric anhydride as the phosphoric acid will be described in detail.
- R 1 and R 2 are the same as in formula (1).
- a diacrylamide-based pyrophosphonic acid was generated as an intermediate product, which was hydrolyzed to introduce a phosphonic acid group (meta- ) It is presumed that acrylamide monomers are produced.
- the molar ratio of phosphoric anhydride to (meth) acrylamide monomer is preferably in the range of 0.5-0.8, more preferably in the range of 0.5 0.6, and more preferably in the range of 0.52 0.58. Especially preferred ,.
- water is preferably added in a molar ratio of 0.5 0.8 to the (meth) acrylamide monomer, more preferably 0.5 0.6.
- the hydrolysis is preferably performed after the entire amount of phosphoric anhydride has been added, whereby the introduction of the phosphorus acid residue into the amide group proceeds smoothly.
- the hydrolysis does not necessarily have to be performed after the entire amount of phosphoric anhydride has been added, and water may be added simultaneously with phosphoric anhydride if necessary.
- Phosphorus acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide is represented by the formula (6)
- the compound is formed by hydrolysis of the compound and has the following formula (7):
- R 1 is a hydrogen group or a methyl group.
- pyrophosphoric acid is linked to (meth) acrylamide by N, N-linked compound and / or dipyrophosphoric acid to form two ( It is presumed that N, N-diphosphonic acid (meth) atalylamide is formed via the compound to which (meth) acrylamide is bonded.
- the molar ratio of phosphoric anhydride to (meth) acrylamide is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 0.8. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.5-0.6, and particularly preferably, it is in the range of 0.52-0.58.
- N, N-diphosphonic acid (meth) acrylamide is mainly produced using acrylamide and Z or methacrylamide
- the molar ratio of phosphoric anhydride to (meth) acrylamide is preferably in the range of 11.1.2.
- Magusu It is more preferable to be in the range of 1.15, and particularly preferable to be in the range of 1.05 to 1.15.
- Heat is generated by the addition of phosphoric anhydride and the reaction temperature usually rises to about 70-90 ° C. After that, keep the temperature at 50-110 ° C and continue the reaction for 1-3 hours.
- the reaction solution obtained is cooled to room temperature.
- unreacted phosphoric anhydride or by-product inorganic polyphosphoric acid precipitates by cooling, the precipitated solid is filtered off by suction filtration. Water is added to the resulting reaction solution. This generates heat, but it is hydrolyzed by maintaining the temperature at 60 ° C for 15 minutes to 1 hour.
- a solvent containing no active hydrogen a solvent and / or an acidic solvent is preferable.
- a solvent containing no active hydrogen the following formula (4):
- R 6 is a hydrogen group or a methyl group
- R 7 and R 8 are each independently an alkyl group.
- the acidic solvent include organic acid solvents such as alkylcarboxylic acids and alkylphosphoric acids. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the solvent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide, DMF, DMAc and DMSO.
- N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamides N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) is soluble in (meth) acrylamide monomers, phosphoric anhydride and (poly) phosphonic acid group-containing (meth) acrylamide. Since the boiling point is 171 to 172 ° C., the use of a polymerization inhibitor having a wide selection range of the reaction temperature has an advantage that side reactions can be sufficiently prevented.
- the reaction solution has an initial concentration [concentration of (meth) acrylamide-based monomer] of 2070% by mass before the addition of phosphoric anhydride. It is more preferably 25 to 60% by mass.
- a viscous sticky liquid is precipitated by pouring the reaction solution little by little into a poor solvent, followed by filtration.
- a nonpolar solvent is preferred, and examples thereof include acetone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane, benzene, toluene, xylene, and ether.
- the non-polar solvent preferably has a small specific gravity and a relatively low boiling point. The poor solvent is used in a large excess of 5 times the volume of the reaction product and 15 times the volume. The washing operation of the viscous liquid with the poor solvent may be repeated as necessary.
- the isolated (poly) phosphonic acid group-containing (meth) acrylamide is dried.
- the drying method is preferably a method of performing vacuum treatment at a temperature not lower than normal temperature and not higher than 100 ° C, a method of performing heat treatment at 60-100 ° C for 14 hours using a hot air oven or the like.
- the (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphorus acid residue obtained by the above production method is generally represented by the following formula (9):
- N, N-diphosphonic acid (meth) acrylamide represented by the formula: If the molar ratio of phosphoric anhydride to (meth) acrylamide is about 1 or more, it is estimated that N, N-diphosphonic acid (meth) acrylamide is the main component.
- Phosphoric acid residues (phosphonic acid groups, (poly) phosphonic acid groups, etc.) of (meth) acrylamide containing phosphorus acid residues may form a complex salt, for example. Properties and heat resistance are further improved.
- a complex salt an ammonium salt, an amine salt or a metal salt is preferable.
- an ammonium ion containing, for example, a primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, etc. is used to neutralize the acid. It is preferred to form a complex with the di- or trialkanolamine residue.
- metal salts examples include alkali metal salts such as potassium salts, cuprous oxide salts (reddish brown), cupric oxide salts (blue), equimolar mixtures of cuprous and cupric oxide salts (grey), oxidized salts Heavy metal salts such as ferric salts (brown) are preferred. These complex salts may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the phosphorus-based acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide polymer of the present invention is obtained by polymerizing at least the above-mentioned phosphorus-based acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide.
- This polymer may contain other unsaturated compounds that can be copolymerized with (meth) acrylamides containing phosphorus acid residues.
- unsaturated compounds include the following two groups: (a) an unsaturated compound having at least one ethylenically unsaturated bond and at least one acidic group in the molecule; and (b) one or more ethylenically unsaturated compounds in the molecule. Unsaturated compounds having a bond but no acidic group can be roughly classified.
- Phosphorus acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide-based polymers preferably contain other unsaturated compounds containing acidic groups as copolymer components for the purpose of improving conductivity, film-forming properties, chemical resistance, etc. preferable.
- the acidic group is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a phosphoric acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid group and an alcoholic hydroxyl group.
- Examples of the skeleton having an ethylenically unsaturated bond include a (meth) acrylate ester skeleton and a (meth) aryl ester skeleton.
- Exemplary compounds of the unsaturated monomer containing a phosphate group include the following general formula (12):
- R 9 is a hydrogen group or an alkyl group
- R 1Q is a hydrogen group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group
- m is an integer of 16
- R 9 is preferably H or CH
- R 1Q is
- Tables 1 and 2 show the structural formulas and physical properties of typical monomers (I), respectively. These monomers are sold by Unichemical Corporation under the trade name Phosmer (registered trademark). However, the phosphoric acid group-containing unsaturated monomer that can be used in the present invention is not limited to these.
- Unit is mass. / 0 .
- the phosphate group of the monomer (I) may be dissociated or may form a complex salt.
- a complex salt for example, an ammonium ion containing a primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, etc. Or N + R "(OH) (where R
- 11 represents at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having 11 to 18 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and an alicyclic group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms; Indicates an integer. Is preferred.
- R 12 and R 15 are each independently a hydrogen group or a methyl group
- R 13 and R 14 are a hydrogen group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, respectively it independently
- p and p ' are each independently
- an unsaturated monomer having a phosphoric acid group-containing diester hereinafter referred to as “monomer ( ⁇ )” unless otherwise specified.
- Di [(meth) acryloyloxetyl] phosphate represented by The monomer (II) may be used alone at the time of copolymerization, or the monomer (I) and the monomer (II) may be used in combination.
- Examples of the unsaturated monomer containing a sulfonic acid group include the above-mentioned tertiary butyl acrylamide sulfonic acid, aryl sulfonic acid, methacryl sulfonic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid,
- P-styrene sulfonic acid butyl (meth) acrylate-4-sulfonic acid, (meth) atoxy benzene sulfonic acid, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Illustrative compounds of unsaturated monomers containing a carboxylic acid group include (meth) acrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, maleic anhydride and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the unsaturated monomer containing an alcoholic hydroxyl group include glycerol dimethacrylate [for example, trade names “Blemmer GMR”, “GMR_R”, “GMR_H” (all manufactured by NOF Corporation), and the like.
- Glycerol di (meth) atalylate such as metatallylate atalate
- trade names “Blemmer GAM” and “GAM_R” all manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.
- 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether atalylate for example, trade name "NK Oligo EA-5521” (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.)]
- 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether acrylate for example, trade name "NK Oligo EA-5520" (Shin Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) Bisphenol A-type epoxy acrylate [Product name "NK Oligo”
- EA-1020J manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.
- 2-hydroxy (meth) acrylate of hexamethylenediol di (meth) atari 2-hydroxy (meth) acrylate of hexamethylenediol di (meth) atari.
- glycerol di (meth) atalylate 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether oleate tallate, 1,4-butane diol diglycidyl ether atalylate, bisphenol phenol A type epoxy atalylate and hexamethylene diol Diatalylate is preferred because it has good compatibility with (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphorus acid residue and has two ethylenically unsaturated groups in the molecule.
- alcoholic hydroxyl group-containing unsaturated monomers are further improved in compatibility with phosphorus-based acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide by phosphorylating the hydroxyl groups.
- the phosphoric acid esterified monomer of an alcoholic hydroxyl group-containing unsaturated monomer having two ethylenically unsaturated groups in the molecule has good crosslinking efficiency when radiation polymerization is performed.
- a compound obtained by phosphorylating glycerol di (meth) atalylate that is, a compound represented by the following formula (15):
- R 16 and R 17 are each independently a hydrogen group or a methyl group.).
- Phosphoric esterification of alcoholic hydroxyl group-containing unsaturated monomers is carried out by using the above (meth) acrylamide-based monomer (poly) except that phosphoric anhydride is used in an amount of 0.5 to 0.6 mole equivalent to the hydroxyl group. It may be the same as the method of phosphonizing. However, it is expressed by the above equation (16) When preparing the compound, there is no need to hydrolyze after adding phosphoric anhydride.
- (V) A monomer having an acidic group and having a plurality of ethylenically unsaturated bonds in a molecule, and a solvent resistance of a (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a phosphorus acid residue (for example, In order to improve the properties of methanol, etc.), a compound containing a plurality of ethylenically unsaturated bonds is used as an unsaturated compound containing an acidic group, and a (meth) acrylamide-based polymer containing a phosphoric acid residue is used. Crosslinking is preferred.
- crosslinking agent examples include a phosphoric acid group-containing diester unsaturated monomer represented by the above formula (13), glycerol di (meth) acrylate, and 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether acrylate. 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether acrylate, bisphenolele A-type epoxy acrylate, hexamethylene diol diatalylate and phosphoric acid ester thereof are preferred.
- Phosphorus acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide-based polymers are not intended to contain acidic groups, and to improve the film-forming properties, water resistance, chemical resistance, etc.
- Compound) may be included as a copolymerization component.
- Unsaturated compounds containing no acidic group include, but are not limited to, those listed in (a), which include all unsaturated compounds that are not gaseous at room temperature and have at least one ethylenically unsaturated bond in the molecule.
- Alkyl (meth) acrylates such as methyl (meth) acrylate and ethyl (meth) acrylate as (meth) acrylates; urethane acrylates obtained by reacting diisocyanate with glycerol di (meth) acrylate Name "NK Oligo U_4HA” (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.); ethylene glycol di (meth) atalylate; trimethylolpropanetri (meth) atalylate, and the like.
- Alkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer examples include NN-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, getylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth) ) Athalylate, dimethylaminobutyl (meth) atalylate, dipropylaminoethyl (meth) atalylate, dibutylaminoethyl (meth) atalylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylamide, getylaminoethyl (meth) acryla Examples thereof include amide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, dimethylaminobutyl (meth) atalinoleamide, dipropylaminoethyl (meth) acrylamide, and dibut
- the conjugated gen-based liquid oligomer is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of butadiene oligomers having at least one ethylenically unsaturated bond in the molecule, isoprene oligomers and derivatives thereof.
- the conjugated diene liquid oligomer the following general formula (17):
- R 18 and R 19 each independently represent (I) a hydrocarbon group having at least one ethylenically unsaturated bond and optionally having another atomic group, (II) an ethylenically unsaturated bond.
- R 2Q and R 21 are each independently a hydrogen group or a methyl group, and at least one of R 2 ° and R 21 is a hydrogen group, and r is a degree of polymerization. Is more preferable.
- the conjugated gen-based liquid oligomer is not limited to the conjugated gen unit in the polymer chain represented by the formula (17) which is a 12-bond. It may be.
- R 18 and R 19 are either the (I) (III) each independently and small of R 18 and R 19 There is no particular limitation as long as at least one of them is the above (I).
- Specific examples of R 18 and R 19 include a (meth) acryl group.
- Examples of the other atomic group which R 18 and R 19 may have include at least one selected from the group consisting of a urethane bond, an ester bond, an ether bond, an isocyanate group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, and an alkoxy group. .
- conjugated liquid oligomer there is no particular limitation on the molecular weight of the conjugated liquid oligomer, but those having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 50,000 are preferred.
- Commercially available conjugated-gen liquid oligomers represented by the formula (17) include, for example, “NISSO-PBTEA-1000” and “NISSO-PBTE-2000” (all manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.).
- the conjugated gen-based liquid oligomer may contain another conjugated gen as a polymerization component, if necessary.
- the conjugated gen-based liquid oligomer is a butadiene oligomer or a derivative thereof, it may contain isoprene as a copolymerization component.
- the conjugated liquid oligomer is an isoprene oligomer or a derivative thereof, it may contain butadiene as a copolymerization component.
- conjugated genes include 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 4,5-getyl- Examples thereof include 1,3-octadiene, 3-butyl-1,3-octadiene, and chloroprene.
- the conjugated gen-based liquid oligomer may include olefin as a copolymerization component. In this case, any of a random copolymer, a block copolymer or a graft copolymer may be used.
- the conjugated gen-based liquid oligomer may be hydrogenated.
- the hydrogenated conjugated gen-based liquid oligomer has the following general formula (18):
- the Bull aromatic one conjugated gen-based liquid oligomer comprises a copolymer having at least a Bull aromatic unit and a conjugated gen unit and having at least one ethylenically unsaturated bond in a molecule.
- Styrene is preferred as the bullet aromatic component.
- conjugated diene component isoprene and 1,3-butadiene are preferred.
- Bull aromatic one conjugated gen system The ratio of the vinyl aromatic component and the conjugated gen component in the liquid oligomer is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the required physical properties such as toughness, flexibility, and mechanical strength. .
- the vinyl aromatic one conjugated gen-based liquid oligomer may be a derivative modified by a treatment such as introduction of a functional group or another atomic group, or hydrogenation.
- the functional group include a (meth) ataryl group, an isocyanate group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxy group, a sulfonic acid group, an epoxy group, and a hydrocarbon group.
- Other atomic groups include a urethane bond, an ester bond, an ether bond and the like.
- One commercially available vinyl aromatic-conjugated liquid oligomer is, for example, "Kuraprene LIR_310" (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.).
- the heat resistance and water resistance of the (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a phosphorus acid residue are further improved.
- the fluorine-containing unsaturated monomer include (meth) acrylic acid esters containing a fluoroalkyl group such as perfluorooctylethyl (meth) acrylate; and (meth) acrylic acid esters containing a perfluoroalkyl group; a-(Tri) methyl-containing (meth) acrylic acid containing fluoroalkyl group such as (trifluoromethyl) acrylic acid; perfluorobutylethylene, perfluorohexylethylene, perfluorooctylethylene, perfluorodecylethylene And the like, and a hydrogen-containing fluoroalkyl group-containing bullet.
- crosslinking agents include urethane acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, and conjugate obtained by reacting the above diisocyanate with glycerol di (meth) acrylate. And a liquid aromatic oligomer or derivative thereof and a vinyl aromatic-conjugated liquid oligomer or derivative thereof.
- Other examples include dibutylbenzene.
- the mass ratio (A) / (B) of the phosphorus acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide (A) to the other unsaturated compound (B) is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected according to desired physical properties. Good. Usually, the mass ratio (A) / (B) is preferably in the range of 5/95. The lower limit of this ratio is more preferably 10Z90 or more, and even more preferably 20Z80 or more. Further, among the other unsaturated compounds (B), the mass ratio (a) Z (b) of (a) the unsaturated compound containing an acidic group to (b) the unsaturated compound containing no acidic group is not particularly limited.
- the amount of the cross-linking agent to be added is preferably 0.5% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more, based on 100% by mass of the phosphorus-containing acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide and other unsaturated compounds as a whole. More preferred.
- Phosphoric acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide-based polymers include (D) the above-mentioned phosphoric acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide or (ii) the phosphoric acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide and another unsaturated compound. (Hereinafter referred to as “phosphoric acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide” and “phosphoric acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide” unless otherwise specified). The “mixture with other unsaturated compounds” is collectively referred to as “unsaturated raw material”.)
- the radiation is preferably a power beam such as a light beam, an X-ray, or an electron beam.
- the light include visible light and ultraviolet light, and ultraviolet light is preferable.
- a method for producing the polymer of the present invention will be described by taking, as an example, the case of producing a film made of a (meth) acrylamide-based polymer containing a phosphoric acid residue by ultraviolet polymerization.
- the method for producing a polymer film by ultraviolet polymerization is based on a composition (unsaturated polymer) containing an unsaturated raw material and a photopolymerization initiator (photosensitizer). Is cast on a plate coated with a material to which it does not adhere (such as a fluoropolymer), covered with an ultraviolet-transparent plate, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays to polymerize.
- R-CO-CHOH-R '(R, R' hydrogen group or hydrocarbon group) represented by -carbonyl alcohol (for example, benzoin, etc.);
- photopolymerization initiators can be used alone or in combination.
- the amount of the photopolymerization initiator to be used is preferably in the range of 0.005 to 10% by mass, more preferably in the range of 0.01 to 5% by mass, based on the total mass of the unsaturated raw material. If the amount is 0.005% by mass, the polymerization is not completed within a predetermined ultraviolet irradiation time and unreacted monomers remain, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10% by mass, the degree of polymerization of the obtained polymer is lowered and the polymer is undesirably colored.
- the ultraviolet-transmitting plate and the supporting substrate used in the polymerization of the unsaturated composition by ultraviolet irradiation not only have a high ultraviolet transmittance, but also have heat resistance to withstand the temperature rise during polymerization by ultraviolet irradiation. In addition, it is required that the composition does not adhere to the unsaturated composition and a polymer obtained by polymerizing the composition and has good releasability.
- a glass plate usually used as a support substrate is very good in ultraviolet transmittance and heat resistance, but because it adheres to a polymer, a silicone-based or fluorine-based release agent is applied to the surface of the glass plate in advance. Alternatively, it is preferable to use after attaching a thin fluororesin-based transparent film.
- the supporting substrate in addition to a glass flat plate, in addition to a fluorine-based resin such as polyperfluorovinyl ether resin (PFA) and polyvinylidene fluoride resin (PVDF), poly 3-methylpentene resin
- a resin plate such as a resin or a polypropylene resin having a high ultraviolet transmittance and a heat resistance of 100 ° C or more.
- a release agent may be added to the unsaturated composition in advance.
- the release agent those having good compatibility with the unsaturated composition are preferable.
- a fluorine-based surfactant is preferred, and a fluorine-based alcohol is more preferred.
- Specific examples of the release agent include perfluorooctyl ethanol, perfluorooctyl sulfoamide ethanol and their ethylene oxide adducts; hydrocarbon surfactants; high molecular weight polyoxyethylene glycol (for example, carbowax) and the like. .
- the amount of the release agent added is in the range of 0.55% by mass, preferably in the range of 0.5-1.5% by mass, based on the total mass of the unsaturated composition. If the added amount of koji is less than 0.5% by mass, the releasability is insufficient. On the other hand, even if the added amount of the kashimi exceeds 5% by mass, the peeling effect is saturated.
- the ultraviolet irradiation intensity during polymerization is 5 to 150 mW / cm 2 , preferably 10 to 120 mW / m 2 .
- the irradiation distance of the ultraviolet ray is appropriately set so as to sufficiently cure within the above irradiation time range.
- the film obtained by the ultraviolet polymerization method may be subjected to heat treatment at 100-130 ° C. for about 115 minutes for the purpose of improving mechanical strength and solvent resistance.
- the thickness of the ultraviolet polymerized film is usually about 20-500 / m, preferably about 20-200 / m.
- a low-boiling solvent such as methanol or the above-mentioned N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide may be added as a diluent.
- N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide is preferable because it is polymerized together with the unsaturated raw material by ultraviolet polymerization.
- N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide it is preferable to use N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) and N, N-dimethylmethacrylamide.
- N N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide
- N N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide
- the polymerization may be carried out using a reaction solution and the obtained reaction solution. This allows efficient production of the polymer.
- the procedure for using other radiation such as X-rays and electron beams is basically the same. However, when using X-rays or electron beams, it is not necessary to use a photopolymerization initiator.
- a method for producing a (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a phosphorus acid residue by thermal polymerization will be described.
- the polymerization reaction is carried out in a common solvent in which both the unsaturated raw material and the polymer to be dissolved are dissolved in an organic solvent such as ammonium persulfate (APS), potassium persulfate (KPS), acetyl peroxide, or isopropylhydroxide peroxide.
- APS ammonium persulfate
- KPS potassium persulfate
- acetyl peroxide acetyl peroxide
- isopropylhydroxide peroxide isopropylhydroxide peroxide.
- Peroxide initiator 2,2, -azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2, -azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), dimethyl 2,2, -azobis (2-methylpropionate) Azo) initiators such as dimethyl 2,2, -azobisisobutyrate, or peroxide initiators such as lauryl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butylmethyl peroxide.
- peroxide initiator such as hydrogen peroxide
- the solvent is preferably an alcohol and / or a polar solvent.
- an aliphatic lower alcohol is preferable.
- the aliphatic lower alcohol is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol. These may be used in combination of two or more. Further, an ester, a dioxane, an ether and the like may be coexisted within a range not to impair the solubility.
- the polar solvent at least one selected from the group consisting of dimethinoleformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water is preferred. When using water, it is preferable to use an aliphatic lower alcohol in combination
- the (meth) acrylamide-based polymer containing a phosphoric acid residue prepared using the above-mentioned cross-linking agent does not dissolve in alcohol or polar solvents, and it is difficult to form a film. Therefore, when preparing a cross-linked (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a phosphorus acid residue, it is preferable to produce a film by the above-described radiation polymerization.
- the polymerization procedure will be described. First, a solution composed of (unsaturated raw material + solvent) is charged into a reactor equipped with a stirrer and a reflux condenser, and the reactor is set to a nitrogen gas atmosphere. Raise the temperature to 40 ° C-70 ° C, the decomposition temperature of the initiator. Preferably, the polymerization temperature is between 50 ° C and 70 ° C. Immediately after reaching the predetermined temperature, the polymerization initiator is added. At this time, there is a slight heat generation, and the initiation of polymerization can be confirmed. After reaching the predetermined temperature, the polymerization initiator is added 23 times at intervals of about 1 hour, and then the polymerization reaction is continued for about 1 hour. The reaction temperature does not need to be constant from the beginning to the end, and a method may be adopted in which the temperature is increased at the end of polymerization to reduce unreacted monomers as much as possible.
- the polymerization solution preferably has an initial solid content concentration of the unsaturated raw material of 1040% by mass, more preferably 10 to 30% by mass.
- the total amount of the polymerization initiator used is preferably 0.1-5 in terms of mass ratio when the amount of the unsaturated raw material is 100, more preferably 0.1-2.
- the polymer solution When isolating a (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a phosphoric acid residue, the polymer solution is concentrated until the solid content of the polymer solution becomes 1080% by mass, and the obtained concentrated solution is poured into a poor solvent. This precipitates a viscous solid and is filtered off.
- the solution after the reaction also contains impurities such as free phosphoric acid, unreacted monomers, and components with insufficient polymerization that can be obtained only with the desired (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a phosphorus acid residue. In some cases, purification is preferred. However, the purpose is not limited to performing purification.
- the polymer solution is concentrated until the solid content concentration becomes 10-80% by mass, and the resulting concentrated solution is poured into a poor solvent to precipitate a viscous solid, and the poor solvent is removed by a decantation method. It is done by doing.
- the poor solvent acetone, THF, ether, 1,1, totrichloroethane and the like are preferred.
- the poor solvent is used in a large excess of 2 to 15 times the volume of the reaction product.
- the washing operation of the viscous solid with the poor solvent may be repeated as necessary. By performing such purification, the impurities can be removed.
- a (meth) acrylamide-based polymer containing a phosphorus-based acid residue prepared by thermal polymerization is formed into a film
- a solution of a (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a phosphoric acid residue is cast on a horizontal glass plate / tray to evaporate the solvent.
- the mechanical strength can be increased by further stretching the cast film. Stretching Is preferably accompanied by heating.
- the thickness of the cast film is usually 20-500 ⁇ , preferably about 20-200 / im.
- the (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a phosphorus acid residue obtained by each of the above production methods is a polymer having a relatively low molecular weight.
- the (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a phosphorus acid residue has a viscosity of 3-200 mPa-s (cP) when converted to a methanol solution with a solid content of 1025% by mass, although not intended to be limiting.
- the degree of polymerization is of the order of magnitude.
- a polymer using only a phosphorus-based acid residue-containing (meth) atarylamide alone is mainly composed of a hydrocarbon skeleton derived from an ethylenically unsaturated bond, an amide group, and a phosphorus-based acid residue, and contains an ester group.
- the hardness is higher than that of polymers containing a large amount of ester groups.
- the conductive resin of the present invention contains the (meth) acrylamide-based polymer containing a phosphorus-based acid residue as an essential component.
- the conductive resin may include another resin.
- a (meth) acrylamide-based polymer containing a phosphorus-based acid residue has excellent compatibility with other resins. For this reason, conductive resins mixed with other resins have excellent physical properties such as film-forming properties, chemical resistance, flexibility, transparency, and adhesion to various substrates inherent in other resins, and phosphorus-based resins. It has both the excellent conductivity of acid residue-containing (meth) atarylamide polymers.
- resins include unsaturated alcohol-based copolymers containing unsaturated alcohol units and halogen butyl units and / or fatty acid vinyl units (hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, simply referred to as "unsaturated alcohol-based copolymers").
- Partially acetalized unsaturated alcohol-based polymers for example, trimethoxymethylmelamine resin, etc.
- melamine resins for example, trimethoxymethylmelamine resin, etc.
- poly (meth) attriyl nitrile for example, trimethoxymethylmelamine resin, etc.
- poly (meth) acrylic acid ester for example, trimethoxymethylmelamine resin, etc.
- polyacrylinoleamide poly
- At least one selected from the group consisting of (meth) acrylic acid, polyacetal, urethane resin, cellulose or a modified product thereof, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl acetate is preferred.
- an unsaturated alcohol copolymer, a partially acetallic unsaturated alcohol polymer, and a melamine resin are preferable.
- the unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer contains at least an unsaturated alcohol unit, a halogen bulb unit and / or a fatty acid bulb unit.
- the unsaturated alcohol unit include a vinyl alcohol unit and an aryl alcohol unit. Power S, cost viewpoint, and vinyl alcohol unit are preferred.
- Bull alcohol is not present as a monomer, but is present as a structural unit of a bullet (co) polymer.
- a hydroxyl group-containing vinyl (co) polymer containing a vinyl acetate unit may be prepared and cured.
- the unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer having a vinyl alcohol unit is represented by the following general formula (19):
- X is a halogen atom or one OCOR group which may be different for each repeating unit
- R is an alkyl group
- s and s' are each a degree of polymerization
- the fatty acid unit is preferably a vinyl acetate unit, such as a vinyl acetate unit, a vinyl propionate unit, or a butyrate unit.
- the halogen vinyl unit is preferably a vinyl chloride unit such as a Shii-Dani BURU unit, a BURU fluoride BURU unit or a bromide BURU unit.
- Each of the unsaturated alcohol unit, fatty acid vinyl unit and halogen vinyl unit may contain two or more kinds.
- the ratio of the halogen-vinyl unit is calculated based on 100 mol% of the total of the vinyl-based monomer units constituting the unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer. — 95 mol% is preferred. If this ratio is less than 20 mol%, water resistance and solvent resistance are low.
- the ratio of the unsaturated alcohol unit in the unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer containing a halogen-built unit is determined by the ratio of the vinyl constituting the unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer.
- the sum of the alkenyl-based monomer unit as 100 mol%, is preferably 5 80 mole 0/0.
- Nono percentage of Rogenbyuru fatty acid vinyl units of an unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer containing the unit is not particularly limited, a total of 100 mole 0/0 of the vinyl monomer units constituting the unsaturated alcohol copolymer yo Les, 30 mol 0/0 or less as.
- the unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer consists only of an unsaturated alcohol unit and a fatty acid butyl unit
- the ratio of the fatty acid vinyl unit is not particularly limited, but the vinyl-based unit constituting the unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer is not particularly limited. Assuming that the total of the monomer units is 100 mol%, 40 95 mol% is preferable, and 50-80 mol% is more preferable.
- Unsaturated alcohol copolymers containing fatty acid BU units in an amount of 40 mol% or more have excellent water resistance and solvent resistance due to the alkyl groups of the fatty acid BU units. However, this does not mean that the proportion of fatty acid units is limited to 40-95 mol%.
- a copolymer having a proportion of fatty acid vinyl units of less than 40 mol% for example, polybutyl alcohol having a degree of oxidation of more than 60. You can use.
- a melamine resin in order to further improve the water resistance of the conductive resin.
- the unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer can be prepared by copolymerizing at least an unsaturated alcohol, a halogen bulb, and / or a fatty acid vinyl by a known method.
- an unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer containing a fatty acid vinyl unit for example, a vinyl alcohol unit
- the average degree of polymerization of the unsaturated alcohol copolymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 100 to 3,000.
- an unsaturated alcohol copolymer having a vinyl acetate unit, a vinyl chloride unit and a vinyl alcohol unit for example, SOLBIN A, AL, TA5R, and TAO (registered trademarks, manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- the partially acetalized unsaturated alcohol-based polymer is obtained by reacting an unsaturated alcohol-based polymer having an unsaturated alcohol unit as a main component with an aldehyde at a predetermined ratio to partially acetalize the polymer.
- Polybutyl alcohol is preferred as the unsaturated alcohol polymer which can be partially acetalized.
- the unsaturated alcohol polymer obtained by partially acetalizing polybutyl alcohol is represented by the following general formula (20):
- the partially acetalized unsaturated alcohol-based polymer may contain halogen bulb units and / or fatty acid bulb units.
- the content of each of the halogen bulb unit and the fatty acid bulb unit may be the same as described above.
- the partially acetalized unsaturated alcohol-based polymer has excellent toughness, flexibility, adhesiveness, and the like by having an acetal group. Further, the alkyl group of the acetal group has excellent water resistance and solvent resistance. Since the partially acetalized unsaturated alcohol-based polymer has crosslinkability due to the acetal group, the water resistance is further improved by heating or the like.
- Aldehydes used for acetalization are not particularly limited, but butyraldehyde is preferred. That is, as the partially acetalized unsaturated alcohol polymer, partially butyralized polyvinyl alcohol is preferable.
- portion Asetaru degree of Asetaru unsaturated alcohol polymer is 10 80 mole 0/0 ( Preferably, the amount of hydroxyl groups before the acetalization is 100 mol% and 20 to 90 mol% of hydroxyl groups remain).
- the average degree of polymerization of the partially acetalized unsaturated alcohol polymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 to 3,000. Examples of the partially acetalized unsaturated alcohol-based polymer include Eslek B and K (trademarks, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) which are commercially available.
- the unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer of (a) and the partially acetalized unsaturated oleolecol-based polymer of (b) may contain other unsaturated monomer units.
- Other unsaturated monomers include (meth) acrylonitrile, (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide, alkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer, substituted or unsubstituted styrene, butyl, and olefin (for example, Ethylene, etc.) and jen.
- the unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer and the partially acetalized unsaturated alcohol-based polymer may be phosphorylated.
- the method for phosphoric acid esterification of these is the same as the above (poly) phosphonation of (meth) acrylamide monomers, except that 0.5 to 0.55 molar equivalents of phosphoric anhydride is used per hydroxyl group. Is fine. However, it is not always necessary to perform the hydrolysis procedure after the total amount of P 0 has been added.
- the phosphoric esterified unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer and partially acetalized unsaturated alcohol-based polymer are further improved in conductivity and heat resistance by forming a complex salt.
- the complex salt the same ammonium salt as that of (meth) acrylamide containing phosphorus acid residue
- Amine salts or metal salts are preferred.
- the ratio of (meth) acrylamide polymer containing phosphoric acid residue to other resin is 0.05 More preferably, it is more preferably 0.1 or more. If the ratio is less than 0.05, the conductivity becomes insufficient.
- the upper limit of this ratio is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to desired physical properties.
- the conductive resin containing another resin is prepared by subjecting the above unsaturated material [phosphoric acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide (+ the above other unsaturated compound)] to radiation polymerization or thermal polymerization in the presence of another resin. It is obtained by combining.
- unsaturated material [phosphoric acid residue-containing (meth) acrylamide (+ the above other unsaturated compound)]
- thermal polymerization in the presence of another resin.
- radiation polymerization is used.
- the method of radiation polymerization and thermal polymerization is the same as that of the above (meth) acrylamide-based polymer containing a phosphorus-based acid residue, and therefore description thereof is omitted.
- the conductive resin containing another resin can also be obtained by preparing a polymer solution obtained by adding another resin to a solution of the above-mentioned (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a phosphoric acid residue, and subjecting the solution to a heat treatment.
- a resin solid content of the polymer solution is preferably adjusted to 5 to 30% by mass.
- the solvent is evaporated off by heating the polymer solution, and then heated to 100 to 140 ° C. to obtain a conductive resin as a solid homogeneous composition.
- the conductive resin obtained by force is a uniform composition having flexibility and transparency.
- the above conductive resin usually has a surface resistivity of 10 4 to 10 7 ⁇ 'cm at a relative humidity of 50 to 75% / room temperature, especially at a relative humidity of 75% / room temperature.
- 10 4 — 10 5 ⁇ 'cm is excellent in water resistance, chemical resistance and adhesion to various substrates.
- a conductive resin having such properties is useful as a conductive resin for a bioelectrode interposed between the skin and the electrode element when the bioelectrode is worn. Since the conductive resin contains a phosphorus atom, it is excellent in flame retardancy and dispersibility of the inorganic filler.
- An example of a molded body made of a conductive resin is a cast film. The method of manufacturing the cast film is as described above. [0111] [6] Coating agent
- the coating agent of the present invention contains the above conductive resin.
- a solvent usable for the thermal polymerization described in the above [4] can be used.
- the good solvent the aliphatic lower alcohol described in [4] above is preferable.
- the (meth) acrylamide polymer containing cross-linked phosphorus acid residues does not dissolve in the solvent, use a (meth) acrylamide polymer containing phosphorus acid residues that is not cross-linked as the coating agent.
- Coating agents include the following additives used in ordinary coating agents, for example, viscosity modifiers (for example, thickeners), various coloring pigments for cosmetic purposes, fillers for increasing hiding power, and coating materials.
- viscosity modifiers for example, thickeners
- various coloring pigments for cosmetic purposes fillers for increasing hiding power
- coating materials for example, leveling agent added to improve surface smoothness, coupling agent added to improve adhesion to substrate, conventionally known antioxidants, lubricants, antiblocking agents , An antioxidant, a flame retardant, a conductive agent, an antifoaming agent and the like can be arbitrarily selected and used.
- a coating agent is applied to an object to be coated so as to have a thickness of 110 / m after drying, and is heated to form a coating film, whereby antistatic properties, conductivity, anti-fog properties, etc. are obtained. Can be granted.
- As a method of applying to the surface of the substrate there is a method of coating or dipping the surface of the substrate by brush coating, bar coating, spraying, dipping, roll coating, blade coating, flow coating or electrostatic coating.
- the coating agent can be applied to any metal plate, glass plate, plastic molding, sheet or film, fiber, woven or non-woven fabric, and adheres to the surface.
- the coating film obtained by curing the coating agent is excellent in adhesion to a substrate, solvent resistance, water resistance, hardness, gloss, weather resistance, weather resistance, and the like.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention is a membrane that uses the above conductive resin as a solid polymer electrolyte. This membrane has excellent proton conductivity derived from high density (poly) phosphonic acid groups.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is made of a (meth) acrylamide containing a phosphorus acid residue or, if necessary, a composition in which the above-mentioned other unsaturated compound and Z or the above-mentioned other resin are added. (a) It is formed into a film by radiation polymerization in a state sandwiched between ultraviolet-transparent supporting substrates,
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane preferably contains a (meth) acrylamide polymer containing a crosslinked phosphorus acid residue.
- the crosslinked solid polymer electrolyte membrane has excellent solvent resistance, especially methanol resistance.
- the unsaturated composition is impregnated or applied to a reinforcing material, and then the reinforcing material is sandwiched between ultraviolet-transparent supporting substrates, and the unsaturated composition is photopolymerized by irradiating ultraviolet rays. By doing so, a composite film may be formed.
- the reinforcing material that can be used include a reinforcing material made of inorganic fibers, a reinforcing material made of organic fibers, and a resin film described in WO 2002/33709.
- a low-boiling solvent such as methanol as a diluent
- methanol as a diluent
- the proportion of the reinforcing material and the unsaturated composition used largely depends on the affinity of the reinforcing material for the unsaturated composition, in other words, the absorption of the unsaturated composition.
- Composition 1 / 20—1 / 2 (mass ratio).
- the solid polymer electrolyte membranes as described above include an electrolyte membrane for a primary battery, an electrolyte membrane for a secondary battery, an electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell, a display element, various sensors, a signal transmission medium, a solid capacitor, an ion exchange membrane, and the like. It can be suitably used.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention in the case of normal, 10- 4 10- 2 S 'cm- having 1 excellent proton conductivity, the temperature dependence Ino small, the electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell It is suitable as.
- the structure of the fuel cell may be a known one.
- a fuel cell can be formed by stacking a plurality of unit fuel cells (membrane-electrode assemblies) via a separator.
- the unit fuel cell consists of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, an anode electrode And a sword electrode.
- the electrode includes a gas diffusion layer (such as a porous carbon-based material) and a catalyst layer (such as platinum particles).
- the catalyst layer is formed by applying catalyst particles on the gas diffusion layer.
- the separator separates the fuel gas (hydrogen, methane, methanol, etc.) and the oxidizing gas (oxygen or air), secures the flow path of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas, and further generates electric power by the fuel cell. It plays the role of transmitting the generated electricity to the outside. Therefore, the separator is made of conductive material such as carbon material, carbon composite material (composite material of carbon and thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin, etc.), metal material, metal composite material (composite material of metal and carbon, etc.). Formed from material. In addition, a groove (reaction gas flow path) that forms a flow path for the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas is formed on the surface of the separator at a portion in contact with the electrode.
- the solid content concentration of the obtained reaction solution containing the intermediate product was 63% by mass (removing the reaction solution power of 0.5 g, diluting with 5 g of methanol, and drying with hot air at 100 ° C for 1 hour). Measured hereafter, the same applies hereinafter.).
- the intermediate product (acid value: 444 mg / g) was obtained via diacrylamidopyrophosphonic acid (theoretical acid value: 394 mg / g) and a compound in which pyrophosphoric acid was N, N-linked to acrylamide or dipyrophosphoric acid. Compound in which two acrylamides are bonded ( See equation (8) above. The mixture of each theoretical acid value: 526 mg / g) is considered to be the main component
- the product (acid value: 795.3 mg / g) is mainly composed of acrylamidophosphonic acid (theoretical acid value: 741.7 mg / g) and N, N-diphosphonic acid acrylamide (theoretical acid value: 969.7 mg / g) Or, it is considered to include a monomer having a polyphosphonic acid group represented by the above formula (7).
- Example 1 As shown in Table 3, 71 g (1 mol) of acrylamide and 156 g (l. 1 mol) of anhydrous phosphoric acid were used as raw materials, and Example 1 was repeated except that 198 g of DMAc was used as a solvent. Similarly, a reaction solution containing an intermediate product was prepared (solid content concentration: 53% by mass). Lg was extracted from the reaction solution, and the acid value of the intermediate product was measured.
- the intermediate product (acid value: 550 mg / g) is a compound in which pyrrolic acid is N, N-linked to acrylamide or a compound in which two acrylamides are linked via dipyrophosphate (see the above formula (8). Theoretical acid value: 525.8 mg / g). Further, a part of the reaction solution was extracted and mixed with water to become cloudy. This is probably because water-insoluble acrylonitrile was by-produced.
- the obtained composition was analyzed by liquid chromatography in the same manner as in Example 1, and as a result, it was represented by acrylamidophosphonic acid, N, N-diphosphonic acrylamide, and the above formula (7) It was confirmed that the total content of components considered as monomers having a polyphosphonic acid group and each component was 90% by mass or more and acrylonitrile by-product was 5% by mass or less.
- the reaction solution containing the intermediate product was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the amount of acrylamide used was 71 g (1 mol) and the number of times of the addition of phosphoric anhydride was eight. Prepared. The obtained solution was hydrolyzed in the same manner as in Example 2. The refractive index of the obtained reaction solution was measured. Further, lg was extracted from the reaction solution (solid content: 55% by mass), and the acid value of the product was measured. Table 3 shows the results. The product (acid value: 975.6 mg / g) is N, N- It is diphosphonic acid acrylamide (theoretical acid value: 969.7 mg / g).
- the obtained reaction solution was calculated to be 0.68 mol (103.56 g) of acrylamide phosphonic acid (theoretical acid value: 741.7 mg / g) and 0.10 mol (22.188 g) of N, N_diphosphonic acrylamide (theoretical acid value: 969.7 mol) mg / g) and 0.20 mol (58 g) of phosphonic acid Group-containing tert-butylacrylamide sulfonic acid (theoretical acid value: 585.4 mg / g).
- the average theoretical acid value of this composition is 719.5 mg / g. Since the acid value of the product was 700 mg / g, it can be said that the composition was almost as theoretically formed.
- phosphoric anhydride After the fifth addition of phosphoric anhydride, 0.3 g of hydroquinone monomethyl ether was added. During the addition of phosphoric anhydride, the internal temperature was maintained at 70-95 ° C while stirring at 300-400 ⁇ m. After all the phosphoric anhydride was added, a ripening reaction was performed at 80 ° C for 2 hours.
- the resulting reaction solution was calculated to be 0.4 mol (60 g) of atalinoleamide phosphonic acid (theoretical acid value: 741.7 mg / g) and 0.4 mol (92 g) of N, N-diphosphonic acid acrylamide (theoretical Acid number: 969.7 mg / g) and 0.24 mol (68.44 g) of tertiary butyl acrylamide sulfonic acid containing a phosphonic acid group (theoretical acid value: 585.4 mg / g).
- the average theoretical acid value of this composition is 788.2 mg / g. Since the acid value of the product was 802 mg / g, it can be said that a composition almost as expected was formed.
- Example No. Example 4 Example 5 Reaction mixture (meth) acrylyl amide single acrylamide TBAS
- the obtained composition was sandwiched between two glass plates to which a fluorine-based resin film was attached (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
- a high pressure mercury lamp Toshiba material Co. Tosukiyua 400, HC-0411 type
- the ultraviolet by 60 seconds from each sides at an intensity of 100 mW / cm 2 was irradiated to the composition (irradiation Shakyori: 10 cm)
- a film was produced by photopolymerization.
- the surface resistivity of the obtained film was measured under the condition of RH 50% / 20 ° C (using a surface resistivity meter SME-8310 manufactured by Toa Denpa Kogyo Co., Ltd. The same applies hereinafter). Table 4 shows the results.
- N-diphosphonic acid acrylamide obtained in Example 4 was added atari-loxoxetyl phosphate (molecular weight: 196) and di (atalyloyloxetyl) phosphate (molecular weight: 4).
- Irgacure 651 / irgacure 500 1/1 (mass ratio, Chinoku 'Specialty' Chemicals Co., Ltd.).
- Example 2 In the same automatic synthesis reactor as in Example 1, 44.5 g of the (poly) phosphonic acid group-containing acrylamide composition solution (solid content concentration: 64% by mass) prepared in Example 1, 77.0 g of 2-propyl alcohol, And 154.0 g of ion-exchanged water, and the mixture was stirred at 140 to 150 m while introducing nitrogen gas, and the temperature was raised to 65 ° C. After confirming that the internal temperature reached 65 ° C, a solution in which 0.3 g of ammonium persulfate was dissolved in 5.0 g of ion-exchanged water was added. At this time, a small amount of heat was generated from the polymerization, and the initiation of polymerization was confirmed.
- the obtained polymer solution is cast into a container (bottom surface; 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm) made of a polypropylene film, placed in an air-flow dryer, and heated from normal temperature to 50 ° C. for 12 hours. Dried.
- the formed film was peeled off with a spatula, and this was heat-treated at 130 ° C for 3 minutes by a high-temperature air-flow drier to produce a 100 / m-thick conductive resin film.
- Example 12 Obtained in Example 12 (poly) 11.5 wt% solvent solution of the phosphonic acid group-containing acrylamide polymer, and 10 weight 0/0 aqueous solution of poly Bulle alcohol, trimethoxy methyl melamine (trade name "Sumitex Resin M_3" And an 80% by mass aqueous solution of Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) in accordance with the mixing ratio of the solid content shown in Table 5 to prepare a polymer solution. Produced.
- Comparative Example 1 A conductive resin film was produced in the same manner as in Example 13 except that only a 10% by mass aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol was used.
- a polymer solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 13, except that a polymer solution was prepared by mixing a 10% by mass aqueous solution of polybutyl alcohol and an 80% by mass aqueous solution of trimethoxymethylmelamine according to the mixing ratio of solids shown in Table 6. Then, a conductive resin film was produced.
- Tackiness Conductive resin film temperature 20 ° C / relative humidity 50. After leaving for more than half a day under the condition of / o, it was touched with a finger and judged by the tactile sensation.
- the symbols indicating the criteria are ⁇ : “none” and ⁇ : “slightly sticky”.
- Methanol resistance Cut out a lcm x 4cm strip sample and measure the vertical x horizontal area. This was used as a reference. The cut out sample is immersed in methanol at room temperature, taken out after 30 minutes and 2 days, and the length and width are measured respectively. The area in the vertical and horizontal directions is calculated. did. The state two days later was visually evaluated. The symbols indicating the criteria are ⁇ : “colorless and transparent” and ⁇ : “slightly cloudy”, respectively.
- Surface specific resistance Measured by RH 50% / 20 ° C, RH 65% / 19 ° C and RH 73% / 19 ° C using a surface resistivity meter (SME-8310 manufactured by Toa Denpa Kogyo Co., Ltd.). It was measured under the conditions.
- the films of Examples 8 to 11 had a surface characteristic of 10 5 to 10 7 ⁇ 'cm under the measurement conditions of RH 40% / 20 ° C or RH 50% / 20 ° C.
- the resistance values are shown.
- the films of Examples 13 to 16 are excellent in transparency and flexibility, and have little or no force without tackiness.
- the films of Examples 13 to 16 were swelled or slightly clouded or whitened by immersion in water or methanol, but did not dissolve and were practically no problem.
- the surface specific resistance values of the films of Examples 13 to 16 were RH 50% / 20 ° C and RH 65% / 19. C measurement is 10 4 10 7 ⁇ 'cm, RH 73% / 19.
- the measurement of C was 10 4 10 6 ⁇ -cm.
- the films of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 did not contain the (poly) phosphonic acid group-containing acrylamide polymer, as shown in Table 6, the films of the conductive resin films of Examples 811, 1316 The surface resistivity was higher by about 418 digits. From the comparison between Example 13 16 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the surface resistivity of the polybutyl alcohol was increased only by including the (poly) phosphonic acid group-containing acrylamide polymer at about 20% by mass with respect to the entire resin composition. Can be significantly reduced.
- Example 2 Into the same automatic synthesis reactor as in Example 1, 342 g (1.5 mol) of glycerol dimethacrylate [trade name Lemmer GMR-H, hydroxyl equivalent: 239 (analytical value), manufactured by NOF Corporation] The temperature was raised to 60 ° C. After confirming that the internal temperature has reached 60 ° C, 117 g (0.825 mol) of phosphoric anhydride is divided into 6 parts, approximately one sixth, from the powder-injected rocker, at approximately equal intervals for 6 hours. I put it over. During the addition of phosphoric anhydride, the internal temperature was maintained at 70-90 ° C while stirring at 420 ⁇ m. After all the phosphoric anhydride was added, the mixture was aged at 80 ° C for 2 hours.
- glycerol dimethacrylate trade name Lemmer GMR-H, hydroxyl equivalent: 239 (analytical value), manufactured by NOF Corporation
- DMAA solution of acrylamide phosphonic acid obtained in Example 2 solid concentration: 61.5 wt%), N obtained in Example 4, DMAA solution (solids concentration of N- diphosphonic acid acrylamide: 55 mass 0/0 ), Acid Phosphoroxyshethyl Metathallate (trade name "Phosmer M”, manufactured by Unichemical Co., Ltd.), Acid Phosphooxypolyoxypropylene glycol metathallate (trade name "Phosmer PPj, manufactured by Unichemical Co., Ltd.) PGDM, methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, terminal acrylic-modified liquid butadiene oligomer (trade name "NISSO-PB TE-2000J, manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.), butyralized polybutyl alcohol (trade name" ESLEC B BL_1 "hydroxyl 36 mole 0/0, Asechiru group 3 mol 0/0 or less, Buchira Le degree 63 ⁇ 3 mol 0/0, manufactured by Se
- composition of the compounding ratio shown in the following was prepared.
- irgacure 651 (2,2-dimethoxy-1,2_diphenylene-1_one, manufactured by Chinoku Specialty Chemicals) and irgacure 500 (1-hydroxycyclohexane) were added.
- a polyethylene film was stuck on a square glass plate with a side length of 20 cm, a spacer tape of 100 ⁇ was attached to the peripheral end of the polyethylene finolem, and the above-mentioned polymerization initiator-containing composition was placed at the diagonal center.
- the composition was dropped, and a glass plate on which a polyethylene film was adhered was placed thereon, and the composition was sandwiched between two glass plates (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
- photopolymerization was performed by irradiating the front and back with ultraviolet rays for 10 minutes each (irradiation distance: 20 cm) using a high-pressure mercury lamp (400 W).
- a 100- ⁇ m-thick solid polymer electrolyte membrane was fabricated by heating for 2 minutes at a power of 500 W using a microwave oven. The obtained film was transparent and excellent in uniformity.
- DMAA solution of phosphonic acid group-containing tertiary butyl acrylamide sulfonic acid obtained in Example 5 solid content concentration: 58% by mass
- composition obtained in Example 6 [acrylamide phosphonic acid (concentration: 45.5% by mass) + N, N-diphosphonic acid acrylamide (concentration: 9.7 mass 0/0) + phosphonic acid group-containing tertiary butyl acrylamide sulfonic acid (concentration: 25.5 mass 0/0)]
- DMAA solution obtained in example 7 composition things [acrylamide phosphonic acid (concentration: 20.7 mass 0/0) + N, N-diphosphonic acid acrylamide (concentration: 31.8 mass 0/0) + phosphonic acid group-containing te tert-butylacrylamide sulfonic acid (concentration: 23.7 wt% )]
- Example 17 a polymerization initiator mixture having the same composition as in Example 17 was added in the mixing ratio shown in Table 8. It was. A solid polymer electrolyte membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 17 using the obtained composition. The obtained film was transparent and excellent in uniformity.
- Hot water resistance A strip-shaped sample having a length of lcm and a width of 4 cm was cut out, and the area of the length and width was measured. The cut out sample is immersed in hot water at 80 ° C, taken out after 2 hours, and the length and width are measured. The force, the height and width are calculated, and the rate of increase relative to the reference area is defined as the swelling rate. did.
- Proton conductivity Measured using the complex impedance method. A rectangular sample of 3 cm X lcm was cut out and placed in an open impedance cell. This cell was placed in a thermo-hygrostat, and the impedance was measured at a relative humidity of 90% and a measurement temperature range of 35 to 80 ° C. The obtained data was subjected to plane complex impedance analysis, and the results were subjected to a cole-cole plot graphic processing to determine the conductivity from the resistance values of the samples obtained.
- Example No. Example 20 Example 21
- Example 22 Atarylamide phosphonic acid 48.6--
- Irgacure 651 (2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals), Irgacure 500 (1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylketon, benzophenone), And benzoyl peroxide (BPO) power.
- Irgacure 651: Irgacure 500: BPO 1: 1: 0.1 (mass ratio).
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane of Example 1730 slightly swelled due to immersion in water, methanol, and hot water, but did not dissolve. There is no level.
- the surface specific resistance of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane of Examples 17-30 was RH In the measurement at 60% / 15 ° C., it was 1 ⁇ 10 6 ⁇ ′cm or less.
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JP2006510296A JP4204615B2 (ja) | 2004-02-24 | 2005-02-23 | 無水リン酸の加水分解残基を有する(メタ)アクリルアミド系の単量体及び重合体の製造方法、及びその重合体の用途 |
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JP2019011454A (ja) * | 2017-01-06 | 2019-01-24 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 重合性モノマー、高分子化合物、生体電極組成物、生体電極及び生体電極の製造方法 |
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US20070173549A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
JPWO2005080454A1 (ja) | 2008-03-06 |
JP4204615B2 (ja) | 2009-01-07 |
US7452487B2 (en) | 2008-11-18 |
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