WO2004096249A1 - Composition contenant radix codonopsis pilosulae et radix astragali et hedysari, sa methode de production et d'utilisation - Google Patents

Composition contenant radix codonopsis pilosulae et radix astragali et hedysari, sa methode de production et d'utilisation Download PDF

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WO2004096249A1
WO2004096249A1 PCT/CN2004/000056 CN2004000056W WO2004096249A1 WO 2004096249 A1 WO2004096249 A1 WO 2004096249A1 CN 2004000056 W CN2004000056 W CN 2004000056W WO 2004096249 A1 WO2004096249 A1 WO 2004096249A1
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Prior art keywords
codonopsis
group
astragalus
composition
radix astragali
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PCT/CN2004/000056
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Weihong Xie
Chunhan Zhi
Desheng Tao
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Li Min Pharmaceutical Factory Of Livzon Pharmaceutical
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Priority claimed from CNA031230458A external-priority patent/CN1513497A/zh
Priority claimed from CN 03137351 external-priority patent/CN1245172C/zh
Priority claimed from CN 03156284 external-priority patent/CN1284547C/zh
Application filed by Li Min Pharmaceutical Factory Of Livzon Pharmaceutical filed Critical Li Min Pharmaceutical Factory Of Livzon Pharmaceutical
Priority to US10/513,438 priority Critical patent/US20060110473A1/en
Priority to EP04702624A priority patent/EP1523988B1/en
Priority to JP2006504191A priority patent/JP2006524639A/ja
Priority to DE602004015219T priority patent/DE602004015219D1/de
Publication of WO2004096249A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004096249A1/zh
Priority to HK05105105.6A priority patent/HK1072374A1/xx
Priority to US12/112,217 priority patent/US20080206375A1/en
Priority to US12/112,203 priority patent/US20080206374A1/en
Priority to US12/399,783 priority patent/US20090169660A1/en

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/34Campanulaceae (Bellflower family)
    • A61K36/344Codonopsis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/48Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
    • A61K36/481Astragalus (milkvetch)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/16Emollients or protectives, e.g. against radiation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02Immunomodulators
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • A61P7/02Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/08Vasodilators for multiple indications
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis

Definitions

  • composition containing Codonopsis radix Astragali preparation method and application thereof
  • the invention relates to a medicinal composition of Codonopsis and Astragalus. Its main ingredients are prepared by Codonopsis and Astragalus according to a certain weight ratio.
  • the invention also discloses a preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition and use of the pharmaceutical composition for preparing an immunomodulator, a medicine for treating ischemic heart disease and acute lung injury. Background technique
  • Gastrointestinal malignancies are high-frequency tumors in China. Because it is difficult to find in time, the early diagnosis rate is low, which not only lost the precious surgical opportunity for this group, but also caused the body's immune function to be low due to the vitality of the body, the deficiency of qi, and blood stasis, which could not tolerate effective chemical treatment. In recent years, it has become a clinically difficult problem.
  • TCM immune modulators For example, Xie Yan et al. Reported in ZL94101456. 8 an injection containing ginseng and astragalus components to improve the immune function of the human body and inhibit the occurrence and development of tumors.
  • the patent does not provide any experimental data that can prove the effect of the drug, and ginseng is expensive as a pharmaceutical ingredient. Long-term use of ginseng is more burdensome for cancer patients, and it may easily cause patients to abandon treatment for economic reasons.
  • codonopsis astragalus composition disclosed by the present invention has other uses, such as the applicant Dangshen Astragalus composition found in treatment of ischemic heart disease It has an exact therapeutic effect, and also has a significant role in the prevention and treatment of acute lung injury, and has been experimentally confirmed. Summary of the invention
  • the invention relates to a composition with medicinal value extracted from Chinese medicine Codonopsis and Astragalus.
  • the invention also relates to a method for preparing the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the immunomodulator according to the present invention is mainly made of Codonopsis radix and Astragalus membranaceus as raw materials.
  • the weight ratio of Codonopsis radix and Astragalus root is preferably in the range of 0.5: 1 to 1: 0.5, and more preferably in the range of 1-1.
  • the raw material medicine of the immunomodulator according to the present invention may also contain Chinese medicines such as Qi tonic, blood tonic, such as Angelica, Shudi, Polygonum multiflorum, Atractylodes macrocephala, Yam, etc.
  • Chinese medicines such as Qi tonic, blood tonic, such as Angelica, Shudi, Polygonum multiflorum, Atractylodes macrocephala, Yam, etc.
  • the preparation method of the immunomodulator of the present invention includes the following steps: a) removing impurities from Codonopsis chinensis and Astragalus root into processed pieces;
  • step c When extracting the drug with water in step c), it is preferable to add 8 times the amount of water for the first time, and cook for 1 hour, and add 6 times the amount of water for the second time, to cook for 0.5 hours.
  • the first ethanol content accounts for 65% to 80% of the total weight, and the second ethanol content is not less than 80% of the total weight.
  • the Codonopsis Pilosula (Franch.) Nannf dried root of the Chinese herbal medicine Codonopsis in the present invention; the traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Or Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Var. Mongholicus) (Bge.) Hsiao).
  • the immunomodulator provided by the present invention contains not less than 0.325 grams of total solids per 1 gram, and its main components are sugars (including polysaccharides, monosaccharides), organic acids, saponins, and coumarin (a small amount ), Flavonoid glycosides, alkaloids, alcohols, alkanes, etc.
  • the main active ingredients are Polysaccharides, saponins, coumarins and flavonoids.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the Codonopsis radix Astragali composition in the preparation of a medicine for regulating immunity.
  • the Codonopsis radix Astragali composition can be used in combination with chemotherapeutics, radiation therapy or other tumor suppression methods.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the Codonopsis radix Astragali composition in the preparation of a medicament for treating ischemic heart disease.
  • the ischemic heart disease includes coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, and other heart diseases caused by myocardial ischemia and myocardial hypoxia.
  • the ischemic heart disease includes heart disease caused by platelet aggregation and / or thrombosis due to increased platelet viscosity.
  • the ischemic heart disease includes a heart disease caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the Codonopsis radix Astragalus composition in the preparation of a medicament for a disease caused by excessive aggregation of platelets.
  • the diseases caused by platelet aggregation include stroke, atherosclerosis, and peripheral vascular diseases.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the Codonopsis radix Astragali composition in the preparation of a medicament for the prevention and treatment of acute lung injury.
  • the composition can be used in the form of injections, tablets, pills, capsules, granules, solutions, suspensions, emulsions.
  • the effective dose of the composition ranges from 58 to 70 mg / kg body weight / day.
  • the medicament of the present invention may be added with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, such as a diluent, an excipient, a filler, a binder, a wetting agent, a disintegrant, an absorption enhancer, Surfactants, adsorption carriers, lubricants, etc. are prepared into the required dosage form.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carriers such as a diluent, an excipient, a filler, a binder, a wetting agent, a disintegrant, an absorption enhancer, Surfactants, adsorption carriers, lubricants, etc. are prepared into the required dosage form.
  • the medicine provided by the present invention can be further processed into oral liquid, tablet, capsule, granule, injection and other dosage forms according to actual needs.
  • the above dosage forms can be prepared according to a conventional method in the field of pharmacy.
  • Figure 1 shows the extraction process of Chinese medicine Codonopsis and Astragalus. detailed description
  • Example 1 Extraction and separation of Codonopsis and Astragalus to obtain a composition of Codonopsis and Astragalus. Codonopsis sibiricum and astragalus were removed from impurities and processed into pieces. Accurately weigh 400 grams of Astragalus participating in the party and rinse with deionized water, add 3200 ml of deionized water, heat extract for 1 hour, and release the extract; add 2400 ml of deionized water, and extract for 1 hour after extraction; After adding 2400ml of deionized water and heating for 0.5 hours, the extract was released.
  • the three extracts were filtered and combined, concentrated to 600 ml, and then 95% ethanol was added to make the alcohol content 60%, and the precipitate was precipitated for 24 hours, and filtered; the filtrate was recovered to 400 ml, and 95% ethanol was added to make the alcohol The amount was 80%, precipitated, filtered, ethanol was recovered and concentrated to 400 g to obtain the codonopsis radix and astragalus extract composition.
  • the medicine of the present invention can be stored under refrigeration by adding an appropriate amount of ethanol, or stored at room temperature after drying.
  • the total solid content in each gram is not less than 0.325 grams, and its main components are sugars (including polysaccharides, monosaccharides), organic acids, saponins, coumarol (a small amount), Flavonoid glycosides, alkaloids, alcohols, hydrocarbons, etc.
  • the main active ingredients are polysaccharides, saponins, coumarins and flavonoids.
  • Test Example 1 Antitumor effect of Codonopsis radix and Astragalus membranaceus extract and its effect on lethal effect of methotrexate
  • Codonopsis radix and Astragalus membranaceus extract composition Codonopsis radix and Astragalus membranaceus extract composition prepared according to the above Example 1, which contains 3.25 g of codonopsis radix and Astragalus membranaceus extract in an amount of 20ml, and the water bath was concentrated to 2ml to 1ml during the experiment, and the steam was sterilized by circulation. Sterilize for 40 minutes.
  • Methane moan Shanghai Second Pharmaceutical Factory, lot number 870615.
  • a lmg / ml aqueous solution was prepared.
  • mice were randomly divided into a large dose group, a small dose group and a control group.
  • the tumor strain was selected from mouse sarcoma 180.
  • Fresh tumor tissue was selected to prepare a cell homogenate under sterile conditions, diluted 1: 4, and each mouse was subcutaneously inoculated with 0.15 ml of the right axillary.
  • Drug administration was started 24 hours after inoculation.
  • the high-dose group was given Dangshen and Astragalus extract composition concentrated solution 0.4ml / only; the small-dose group was 0.2ml / only, the control
  • physiological saline was injected at a rate of 0.4 ml / head. They were injected intraperitoneally once a day for 14 consecutive days. Animals were sacrificed on the 15th day, tumor weight was weighed, tumor inhibition rate was calculated, and statistical analysis was performed by t test. .
  • mice were divided into two groups.
  • the method of inoculating tumor cells was the same as before.
  • the administration group and the control group were injected intraperitoneally with Codonopsis sibiricum, astragalus extract composition and physiological saline 0.2 ml / head once a day.
  • Eight times in a row tumor cells were inoculated on the fourth day of administration.
  • Six hours after inoculation intraperitoneal injection of an aqueous solution of methotrexate at 22 mg / kg was performed. The death of the animals within 10 days after the methotrexate administration was observed, and the survival rates of the two groups of animals were compared.
  • Test Example 2 Effect of Shenqi Injection on Hematopoietic System
  • mice Kunming mice, weighing 18-22 g, inoculated with sl80 tumor cells, 24 hours after tumor cell inoculation, the experimental group was injected with Shenqi injection 0.2 ml (about 0.2 g ), and the control group was injected. Same amount of water until the end of the experiment. 5mg ⁇ Cyclophosphamide was injected intraperitoneally twice in the experiment, each 1.5mg.
  • Bone marrow nucleated cells represent hematopoietic cells.
  • the results in Table 5 show that combined with Shenqi injection, the bone marrow nucleated cell count was significantly higher than that of the cyclophosphamide control group alone.
  • the size of bone marrow cells reflects the maturity of the cells. The more naive the cells are, the larger the cell volume, and more naive are more representative of hematopoietic cells.
  • the results in Table 6 indicate that the combined Shenqi injection is larger than the average volume of the cyclophosphamide control group alone. (P ⁇ 0. 01>
  • the hematocrit of bone marrow cells represents the size and number of cells. Table 7 shows that the combined Qi injection has more hematocrit than the control group of cyclophosphamide alone. (P ⁇ 0. 01)
  • Test example 3 Shenqi injection has synergistic anti-tumor effect
  • Shenqi injection can reduce the inhibitory effect of chemotherapeutics on bone marrow of mice, but whether it destroys the anticancer effect of chemotherapeutics.
  • the following experiments are verified. ⁇
  • Codonopsis radix Astragali composition Effects of Codonopsis radix Astragali composition on myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction and related coronary blood flow in anesthetized dogs
  • the experimental drug was prepared into the same volume (50 ml) with normal saline, and a computer microinjection pump (AJ-5803, Shanghai) was fed into the test drug through the femoral vein at a rate of 5 ml / min.
  • the coronary artery was ligated for 15 minutes and recorded.
  • the experimental drug or physiological saline was administered through the femoral vein, and 30 measured snacks were recorded at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes after the administration.
  • Electromembrane electrogram increasing with ST segment Based on 2mv as the criterion, the degree of myocardial ischemia (total m V sigma of ST-T segment elevation ⁇ -ST) and the range of myocardial ischemia (total point of ST-segment elevation N-ST) were calculated.
  • CK serum creatine phosphokinase
  • LDH lactate dehydrogenase
  • a multimedia color pathological image analysis system (MPIAS-500, Beijing) was used to measure the infarcted area (N-BT non-stained area) and non-infarcted area (N-BT-stained area) on each side of each myocardium and calculate the Area, total ventricular area and total infarct area. Calculate the infarcted area as a percentage of the ventricle and the entire heart.
  • N-ST myocardial ischemia range
  • Codonopsis radix Astragali composition 2.4g crude drug / kg dose group has a significant effect on reducing myocardial ischemia range (N-ST).
  • N-ST was reduced from 29.40 ⁇ 0.89 calibration points before drug to There were 26.60 ⁇ 2.70 and 26.20 ⁇ 2.28 calibration points, which decreased by 9.62 ⁇ 7.52% and 10.33 ⁇ 6.51%, respectively, compared with those before administration and the control group (P ⁇ 0.05).
  • Codonopsis radix astragali composition can significantly improve experimental acute canine myocardial ischemia, and can significantly reduce the degree of myocardial ischemia ( ⁇ -ST) and ischemic range.
  • the three dose groups of Codonopsis radix astragali composition can reduce the myocardial infarction
  • the area of the infarct area, of which the myocardial infarction area of the 2.4g crude drug / kg group accounted for 3.65 ⁇ 0.85% and 10.43 ⁇ 2.14% of the heart and ventricles, respectively, which were 47.40% and 51.55% lower than those of the normal saline control group, compared with the normal saline control group. There were very significant differences (all P ⁇ 0.001).
  • the percentage of infarcted area in the heart and ventricle in the Hebei Shuang injection group also decreased significantly.
  • Codonopsis radix Astragali composition can significantly improve canine acute myocardial ischemia
  • Creatine phosphokinase is widely present in the cytoplasm, especially in cardiomyocytes. When cardiomyocytes are injured, CK overflows, which increases its activity in serum. The higher the serum CK activity, the more severe the myocardial injury. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is released from tissue cells in body fluids during myocardial infarction, and its activity in coronary sinus blood is measured, which also reflects the degree of myocardial injury. In this experiment, CK and LDH activity in coronary arteries of dogs with continuous ligation were continuously increased. The experiment proves that the Codonopsis radix astragali composition can partially inhibit the serum CK and LDH from overflowing and can reduce the activity of serum CPK and LDH during experimental cardiac muscle injury in dogs.
  • Prostacyclin prostacyclin, PGI 2
  • endothelin endothelin
  • ET thromboxane A2
  • TXA 2 vasoconstrictor substance
  • Codonopsis radix astragali composition can significantly inhibit the increase of plasma thromboxane (TXB 2 ) activity caused by myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction, and can increase the plasma 6-keto-prostaglandin (6-Keto- PGF ia ). Level.
  • Codonopsis radix Astragali composition can significantly improve the pathological manifestations of acute myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction in dogs, reduce the degree of myocardial ischemia, and reduce the scope of myocardial infarction.
  • mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: sham operation group (taking serum as a normal control), model group, Hebei Shuang 1.0 mg / k g group, Danshen injection 1. 6 g / kg group, Codonopsis astragalus composition 8 , 4, 2g crude drug / kg group.
  • the drug was diluted with physiological saline to the required concentration, the administration volume was 4 ml / kg, and the administration route was the left femoral vein.
  • ECG-6511 CardiofaxX Monitor the ECG of animals with standard lead II; Cut the trachea, insert the trachea, intubate, and connect to a ventilator (SC-3, Shanghai) for artificial respiration (32 breaths / min, respiratory ratio 1) : 3); Open the chest, break 5 ribs, open the pericardium, expose the heart, thread the root of the left anterior descending coronary artery (No. 0 suture) for ligation; stabilize for 10 minutes after threading, place a plastic concave tube with The blood vessels were juxtaposed and ligated (those without ST segment and T wave changes were eliminated), and the test drug was administered. After 40 minutes, the ligature was cut along the groove to reperfusion the anterior descending branch; the chest wall was sutured and spontaneous breathing was restored.
  • the model group there was a significant difference compared with the model group (P ⁇ 0. 01); the infarct area decreased and the percentage of the infarcted area and the heart decreased in the 2g / kg group.
  • Salvia miltiorrhiza group 1. 6ml / kg 586. 3 + 92. 2 * 3. 55 ⁇ 1. 91
  • Codonopsis radix astragali composition significantly reduces the area of myocardial infarction and the weight of the infarcted area is similar to that of Hebei Shuang and Danshen injection.
  • the MDA content is significantly reduced, and it has a significant protective effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
  • Codonopsis radix Astragali composition On cardiac hemodynamics and cardiac oxygen consumption in dogs 30 healthy adult dogs, both male and female, weighing 14. 10 ⁇ 0. 22 kg, provided by Beijing Tongli Experimental Animal Breeding Plant [ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (2000) No. 010].
  • Experimental drug Codonopsis radix Astragali composition 5ml / piece, 2g crude drug / ml; Hebei Shuang injection (diltiazem hydrochloride injection): 10mg / piece, produced by Tianjin Tanabe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 0003003); 0.9% chlorine Sodium chloride injection: produced by Beijing Shuanghe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 000320332); Danshen injection: 10ml / piece, 1.5g / ml, produced by Hangzhou Zhengda Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 0003132 ).
  • the experimental drugs were prepared into the same volume (50 ml) with normal saline, and a computer microinjection pump (AJ-5803, Shanghai) was administered through the femoral vein at a rate of 5 ml / min.
  • mice were anesthetized intravenously with sodium pentobarbital (30 mg / kg), tracheal intubated, and connected to an electric respirator (SC-3, Shanghai).
  • SC-3 electric respirator
  • the fourth intercostal thoracotomy on the left side was performed to expose the heart, cut the pericardium, make a pericardial bed, separate the coronary artery left circumflex branch and the aortic root, and place an electromagnetic flowmeter (MF-1100, Japan Optoelectronics) probe to measure the crown separately.
  • MF-1100 Japan Optoelectronics
  • the external jugular vein was intubated to the coronary sinus, and the carotid artery was intubated.
  • the oximeter (AVL912, Switzerland) was used to measure the oxygen content of the coronary sinus and the oxygen content of the arteries, respectively, to calculate the myocardial oxygen consumption.
  • the arterial blood pressure was measured by intubation of the femoral artery, and the heart rate and related electrocardiogram parameters were calculated by the standard lead ECG of limb lead observation.
  • the formula calculates other hemodynamic indicators: stroke volume, oxygen consumption index, cardiac index, coronary resistance, total peripheral resistance, and oxygen utilization. The above indicators were recorded simultaneously on a multi-channel physiological recorder (RM-6000, Japan Optoelectronics).
  • the pre-drug value is recorded and the test drug is administered. Records were taken at 5 minutes in the medicine, immediately after the medicine, and 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 minutes after the medicine.
  • the various observation indicators and derived parameters were statistically processed, and the self-comparison before and after administration was performed with the measured values at different observation times. The percentage change was compared between groups, and its significance was judged by t test.
  • Codonopsis radix astragalus composition 1.2 g crude drug / kg and 2.4 g crude drug / kg in two dose groups, both within a short period of time (lmin) Can reduce arterial blood pressure; Codonopsis astragalus composition can also slow heart rate. There were no significant changes in parameters such as PR interval, QRS interval, QT interval, and T wave in the standard II ECG of post-drug animals.
  • Codonopsis astragalus composition 0.6 g crude drug / kg group increased coronary blood flow after the drug, the other two groups have no significant effect.
  • Dangshen astragalus composition can reduce coronary resistance in all three dose groups. During the administration, the coronary resistance decreased and continued to 60 minutes after the administration, with a range of about 15%.
  • Calcium antagonist Hebei Shuang injection can also significantly increase coronary blood flow and reduce coronary resistance.
  • Codonopsis radix astragalus composition in the 2.4 g / kg dose group of animals 5 to 15 minutes after drug administration coronary blood sinus blood oxygen content increased significantly, compared with the pre-drug and saline control groups were significantly different (P ⁇ 0. 05-0. 001 ).
  • Codonopsis radix astragali composition has the effect of expanding coronary blood vessels and increasing the blood oxygen content of coronary sinuses, thereby improving the blood supply and oxygen supply of the myocardium; at the same time improving the work of the left ventricle, increasing the cardiac output, and adjusting the compliance of the cardiovascular It plays a certain role in adjusting and improving the cardiovascular system, and provides an experimental basis for clinical treatment of ischemic heart disease.
  • Dangshen astragalus composition 5ml / branch, 2g crude drug / ml; Danshen injection: 10ml / branch, 1.5g / ml, produced by Hangzhou Zhengda Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 0003132); Aspirin (0.9g / bottle, equivalent to 0.5g of aspirin): produced by Lebilin Pharmaceutical Factory, Bengbu, Anhui province (batch number: 000116); 0.9% sodium chloride injection: Beijing Shuanghe Pharmaceutical Ltd. (batch number: 000320332).
  • mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (10 in each group): 1 control group (0.9% sodium chloride injection, 4ml / kg), 2 Codonopsis astragalus composition high-dose group (8g crude drug / kg), 3 Dangshen Astragalus composition in the dose group (4g crude drug / kg), 4 Dangshen Astragalus composition in a small dose group (2g crude drug / kg), 5 Danshen injection group (1.6g crude drug / kg), 6 lysine Pilin group (90mg / kg).
  • Animals in each group were administered by tail vein injection at a dose of 4 ml / kg, once a day, for 3 consecutive days, 30 minutes after the last dose, with pentobarbital sodium (30.0 mg / kg) was anesthetized, 2 ml of blood was taken from the abdominal aorta for in vitro thrombosis measurement, and 3 ml of blood (heparin anticoagulation) was taken for blood viscosity measurement.
  • In vitro thrombosis measurement According to the Chandler in vitro method, the blood was immediately injected into the rotating ring, and the volume of blood injected was less than 1/2 of the rotating ring (1.8 ml), quickly sealed, placed on a thrombosis instrument, and rotated for 10 minutes (the experimental temperature was 37 ° C), bleed the thrombus, wash with physiological saline, measure the length, weigh the wet weight, place the thrombus strip in an oven at 80 ° C for 3h, and weigh the dry weight after constant weight.
  • Blood viscosity measurement 0.8 ml from 3 ml blood (heparin anticoagulation) was used for whole blood viscosity measurement, the remaining blood was centrifuged at 650 X g for 10 min, and the supernatant 0.8 ml was used for plasma viscosity measurement.
  • the effect on in vitro thrombosis is shown in Table 12
  • the thrombus length of the large-dose group of Codonopsis astragalus composition was significantly shortened (P ⁇ 0.01), and the wet and dry thrombus weights were significantly reduced (P ⁇ 0.01); the middle-dose group
  • the length of the thrombus was significantly shortened (P ⁇ 0.01), and the wet and dry weights of the thrombus tended to decrease.
  • the length, wet and dry weights of the small-dose group were not significantly different from those of the control group.
  • the thrombus length of the Danshen injection group was significantly shortened (P ⁇ 0.
  • Control group 10 4. 23 + 0. 86 5. 41 ⁇ 1. 64 6. 68 ⁇ 2. 26 9. 90 + 4. 21 2. 69 + 1. 33 Codonopsis astragalus composition 8g 10 3. 65 ⁇ 0. 39 4. 08 + 0. 42 * 5. 11 + 0. 68 * 6. 89 ⁇ 1. 13 * 2. 41 + 1. 18 Codonopsis astragalus composition 4g 10 3. 69 + 0. 64 4, 19 + 0. 95 5. 54 + 1. 94 8. 13+ 4. 14 2. 60 + 1. 47 Codonopsis astragalus composition 2g 10 4. 16 + 0. 80 4. 67 ⁇ 0. 94 6. 00 ⁇ 1. 33 8. 48 + 2. 11 1. 98 + 1. 21
  • Codonopsis radix astragalus composition 8g crude drug / kg significantly shortened the thrombus length (P ⁇ 0.01), significantly reduced the wet and dry thrombus weight (P ⁇ 0.01) ; Significantly reduced the whole blood viscosity at a shear rate of 100s-30s-5s- 1 (P ⁇ 0.05). It is suggested that the Codonopsis radix Astragali composition has the effects of inhibiting thrombosis and reducing blood viscosity.
  • Codonopsis radix Astragali composition 5ml / branch, 2g crude drug / ml; Danshen injection: 10ml / branch, 1.5g / ml, produced by Hangzhou Zhengda Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 0003132) 0.9% chloride Sodium injection: produced by Beijing Shuanghe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 000320332); lysamine for injection (0.9 g / bottle, equivalent to 0.5 aspirin for aspirin): produced by Bilbu Lebilin Pharmaceutical Factory in Anhui province (Lot number: 000116).
  • Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) disodium salt produced by the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (batch number: 9209258), made up with a normal saline solution of 1.0 mM / L, and stored at 4 ° C until use.
  • Arachidonic acid (AA) a product of Fluka AG, which is formulated into sodium salt with 1.0 M / L NaOH at a concentration of 5.0 g / L.
  • Collagen (100 ⁇ g / ml) Product of K0KEN.
  • the administration group was administered by ear vein injection at the stated dose, and the control group was injected.
  • An equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride injection was administered once a day for 3 consecutive days, and 30 minutes after the last administration, blood was taken through the middle ear artery to determine the platelet aggregation rate.
  • the platelet count in PRP was about 4.0 ⁇ 10 5 / mm 3 .
  • a turbidimetric tube containing 200ulPRP and a small magnetic rod was placed in a platelet aggregation apparatus, and incubated at 37 ° C for 1 minute. After PPP calibration, an inducer was added under stirring to induce aggregation. The final concentration of the inducer used was: ADP (47.6 ⁇ M / L), ⁇ (782.0 u M / L), collagen (4.8mg / L).
  • the effect of drugs on platelet aggregation was analyzed according to the aggregation curve and maximum aggregation rate automatically printed by the instrument. The formula for calculating the maximum aggregation rate is as follows:
  • Codonopsis radix astragalus composition 5g crude drug / kg significantly reduced adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid (AA) -induced rabbit platelet aggregation rate (P ⁇ 0.05 ⁇ 0.01 ), Codonopsis radix astragalus composition 2.5g crude drug Zkg significantly reduced AA-induced platelet aggregation rate in rabbits (P ⁇ 0.05). It is suggested that Codonopsis radix Astragali composition can inhibit platelet aggregation.
  • ADP adenosine diphosphate
  • AA arachidonic acid
  • Codonopsis radix and Astragalus membranaceus extract composition prepared according to the above embodiment, wherein each 20ml contains the same amount of Codonopsis radix and Astragalus membranaceus extract 3.25g, which is concentrated in a water bath from 2ml to 1ml during the experiment, and sterilized by steam circulation Sterilize in minutes.
  • LPS (American company Sigma, powder, diluted with sterile normal saline before use).
  • Dexamethasone (Chengdu First Pharmaceutical Factory)
  • Wistar rats Provided by the Animal Center of the West China Campus of Sichuan University, Microbiological control level 2
  • the instruments, containers, and pipettes required in the experiment were disinfected at high temperature and pressure three days before the experiment, and dried for use; part of the experimental supplies involved in the extraction of total RA were soaked in DEPC water overnight and then disinfected and dried.
  • a total of 18 rats in the LPS + SQ group were intraperitoneally injected with Codonopsis sibiricum and Astragalus extract 2ml daily for 1 week before the modeling; 18 rats in the LPS + DEX group were intraperitoneally injected with dexamethasone 50mg / kg; 18 rats in the LPS + NS group were injected with saline 2 hours before the modeling.
  • the above three groups were injected intravenously with LPS (4 mg / kg) at the end of the experiment.
  • the lung tissue of the normal control group was white and slightly red, and the tissue was soft and elastic; congestion and edema were observed on the lungs of the LPS + NS lh group, and occasionally scattered petechiae were seen on the surface; the lung surface was dark red in the 2h group, and congestion and edema were obvious. Flake ecchymosis and hemorrhage; the general condition of the lung in the 4h group was similar to that in the 2h.
  • the LPS + DEX group and LPS + SQ group were observed to be slightly different from the LPS + NS group at the same time.
  • the normal control group had clear lung tissue structure, thin alveolar walls, pulmonary interstitial edema, widening, and inflammatory cell infiltration, and the pathological degree of acute lung injury was mostly mild; the lung cell injury in the 2h group was the most obvious, and the interstitial lung was significantly increased. Extensive, exudative, edema, transparent membrane formation, alveolar hemorrhage, a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration, ALI pathological grade was classified as moderate to severe; 4h group lung cell injury was basically the same as 2h group, ALI pathological degree was mostly moderate; The same points in the LPS + NS group were alleviated to varying degrees. See Table 15 for the classification of lung injury pathology in each group.
  • the lung W / D of LPS + NS group at each time point was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (p ⁇ 0.05); the LPS + DEX group and LPS + SQ group decreased at the same time point (P ⁇ 0.05). See Table 16.
  • Codonopsis radix astragali composition can significantly improve the acute myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction in dogs, and significantly reduce the degree of myocardial ischemia ( ⁇ -ST) measured by the epicardial electrical icon; Myocardial ischemic range (N-ST) measured by the icon; infarct area shown by N-BT staining; significantly increased coronary blood flow to the ischemic heart; serum lactate dehydrogenase caused by myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction ( The release of LDH) and the increase of creatine kinase CK) activity have a significant effect, while increasing the plasma 6-keto-prostaglandin F la (6- Keto- PGF la ) and 6- Keto- PGF JXB2 during myocardial ischemia. ratio.
  • Codonopsis radix astragali composition can reduce the degree of myocardial injury, and the area of myocardial infarction is significantly reduced. Smaller, significantly reduced infarct weight; reduced serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content.
  • MDA serum malondialdehyde
  • Dangshen astragalus composition can reduce the arterial blood pressure of normal anesthetized dogs, slow down heart rate, dilate arterial blood vessels, reduce arterial resistance, increase cardiac output and cardiac capture, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption index, improve myocardial blood supply and oxygenation, And can reduce the total peripheral resistance, play a role in regulating and improving the cardiovascular system.
  • Codonopsis radix Astragali composition can significantly shorten the peripheral thrombus length in rats (pZ0. 001), significantly reduce the wet and dry weight of thrombus (pZO. 01); significantly reduce the rate of change of whole blood at 100s-30s- ⁇ 5s- 1 Viscosity (pZO. 05). This shows that the Codonopsis radix Astragali composition has the effects of inhibiting thrombosis and reducing blood viscosity.
  • Codonopsis radix astragali composition can significantly reduce the platelet aggregation rate induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid (AA) in rabbits (p Z0. 05 ⁇ 0. 01). This shows that Codonopsis radix Astragali composition can inhibit platelet aggregation.
  • ADP adenosine diphosphate
  • AA arachidonic acid
  • Shenqi composition of the present invention can significantly reduce the pathological changes during acute lung injury, that is, the pathological changes of acute lung injury caused by lipopolysaccharide, and the pulmonary tissue edema is significantly reduced.
  • the lung tissue The wet / dry weight ratio is significantly reduced, and the therapeutic effect of the Shenqi composition alone on acute lung injury is almost equivalent to the therapeutic effect of dexamethasone alone on acute lung injury.
  • the present invention has carried out a comprehensive and systematic study of traditional Chinese medicine Codonopsis and Astragalus, clarified their effective parts, and clarified the mechanism of action of the drug.
  • the extraction process is specifically designed to ensure the effectiveness of the drug while removing impurities as much as possible to reduce the dosage and reduce toxic and side effects.
  • the method is simple, practical, and creative and inspiring, laying a solid foundation for the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.

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Description

一种含有党参黄芪的组合物、 其制备方法及用途 技术领域
本发明涉及一种党参和黄芪的药物组合物,其主要成分由党参、 黄芪按一定重量配比配制而成。 本发明还公开了所述药物组合物的制 备方法以及其用于制备免疫调节剂、 治疗缺血性心脏病以及急性肺损 伤的药物中的用途。 背景技术
消化道恶性肿瘤为我国的高发肿瘤。 由于难于及时发现, 故早诊率 较低, 这不仅使该人群失去了宝贵的手术机会, 而且由于机体邪盛正 衰, 气虚血瘀而致使机体免疫功能低下, 不能耐受有效的化学药物治 疗, 近年来已成为临床上非常棘手的问题。
目前, 恶性肿瘤的治疗方法有许多种。 众所周知, 由于西药的治疗 如环磷酰胺、 氨甲喋吟、 5-氟尿嘧啶、 顺铂或阿霉素等主要通过抑制 肿瘤细胞的核酸或蛋白质的合成而抑制肿瘤细胞的生长, 因此对正常 机体细胞也有明显的毒副作用, 从而导致机体出现一些症状如恶心、 呕吐、 骨髓抑制等等, 使很多病人不能耐受化疗而中断治疗, 严重者 甚至会危及生命。 另外, 由于肿瘤的发生与发展与人体的免疫功能有 十分密切的关系, 尤其是细胞免疫功能有着明显的关系, 因此, 在临 床医学上一直希望寻找一种理想的免疫调节剂, 用于提高全身的应激 能力, 维护化疗过程中机体的免疫活性, 减少毒副作用, 延长患者的 生存期。
目前也有关于中药免疫调节剂的研究。 如谢岩等在 ZL94101456. 8 中报道了一种含有人参和黄芪成分的注射液, 用于提高人体免疫功能, 抑制肿瘤的发生和发展。 但在该专利中没有提供任何能够证明药物效 果的实验数据, 而且人参作为药物成份价格昂贵, 长期服用对肿瘤病 人来说负担较重, 也容易造成病人因经济原因放弃治疗。 针对该问题 本发明的发明人在系统研究所述的药物组合物在免疫调节中的作 用机制时意外的发现本发明公开的党参黄芪组合物还有其它的一些用 途, 如本申请人还意外地发现, 党参黄芪组合物在治疗缺血性心脏病 中具有确切的治疗效果, 并且在急性肺损伤的预防与治疗中也有明显 的作用, 并已经实验证实。 发明内容
本发明涉及一种从中药党参、 黄芪中提取出的具有药用价值的组 合物。
本发明还涉及一种该药物组合物的制备方法。
根据本发明的免疫调节剂, 主要是由党参和黄芪为原料制成。 所述的党参和黄芪的重量比范围优选为 0. 5 : 1至 1 : 0. 5, 更优选 为 1 - 1。
根据本发明的免疫调节剂的原料药中还可以含有补气、 补血类中 药, 如当归、 熟地、 何首乌、 白术、 山药等。
本发明的免疫调节剂的制备方法包括下列步骤- a) 将党参、 黄芪除杂质, 加工成饮片;
b ) 按一定重量比称取党参和黄芪, 用去离子水将其冲洗干净; c ) 根据称取的党参和黄芪的重量分次加入一定量的去离子水, 加热提取 1〜3次, 得到药物提取物;
d) 将药物提取物浓缩, 得浓缩液;
e) 加入适量乙醇, 常规沉淀, 过滤, 回收滤液中的乙醇并浓缩 至干, 即得党参、 黄芪提取组合物。
在步骤 c ) 中将药物加水提取时, 优选第一次加水 8倍量, 煎煮 1 小时, 第二次加水 6倍量, 煎煮 0. 5小时。
在步骤 e)中将药物加乙醇沉淀时,优选第一次乙醇含量占总重量 的 65%— 80%, 第二次乙醇含量不少于总重量的 80%。
本发明所述的中药党参为桔梗科植物 Codonopsis Pilosula (Franch. ) Nannf 的干燥根; 中药黄芪 (膜荚黄芪 Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch. ) Bge.或蒙古黄 Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch. ) Bge. Var. mongholicus (Bge. ) Hsiao ) 的干燥根。
本发明提供的免疫调节剂中,每 1克中含总固体物不少于 0. 325克, 其主要成分为糖类物质(包括多糖、单糖)、有机酸、皂苷、香豆精(少 量)、 黄酮苷、 生物碱、 醇类、 烷烃类物质等。 其中主要活性成分为 多糖类、 皂苷类、 香豆精类以及黄酮类物质。
本发明还涉及所述的党参黄芪组合物在制备调节免疫的药物中的 用途。 其中所述的党参黄芪组合物可以与化疗药、 放射治疗或其他肿 瘤抑制方法结合使用。
本发明进一步涉及所述的党参黄芪组合物在制备治疗缺血性心脏 病的药物中的用途。 所述的缺血性心脏病包括冠心病、 心肌梗塞、 心 肌炎和由心肌缺血、 心肌缺氧导致的其它心脏病。 所述的缺血性心脏 病包括由血小板粘稠度增加导致血小板聚集和 /或血栓形成引起的心 脏病。 所述的缺血性心脏病包括由缺血再灌注性损伤引起的心脏病。
本发明进一步涉及所述的党参黄芪组合物在制备由血小板过度聚 集引起的疾病的药物中的用途。 所述的由血小板聚集引起的疾病包括 脑中风、 动脉粥样硬化以及外周血管性疾病。
本发明进一步涉及所述的党参黄芪组合物在制备预防与治疗急性 肺损伤的药物中的用途。
所述组合物可以以注射剂、 片剂、 丸剂、 胶囊剂、 颗粒剂、 溶液、 悬浮剂、乳剂的形式使用。所述组合物的有效剂量范围为 58〜70mg/kg 体重 /天。
在应用时, 本发明的药物可以根据需要加入一种或多种药学上可 以接受的载体, 如稀释剂、 赋形剂、 填充剂、 粘合剂、 湿润剂、 崩解 剂、 吸收促进剂、 表面活性剂、 吸附载体、 润滑剂等, 制备成需要的 剂型。
本发明提供的药物, 根据实际需要, 可进一步加工制成口服液、 片剂、 胶囊剂、 颗粒剂以及注射剂等多种剂型。 上述剂型均可按照药 学领域的常规方法制备。 附图说明
图 1为中药党参、 黄芪的提取工艺。 具体实施方式
以下通过实施例与试验例来进一步阐述本发明的免疫调节剂、 其 制备方法及其用途。 实施例 1:党参、黄芪的提取与分离,以获得党参和黄芪的组合物。 分别将党参、 黄芪除杂质, 加工成饮片。 准确称定党参与黄芪各 400克用去离子水冲洗干净, 加入 3200ml去离子水, 加热提取 1小时 后, 放出提取液; 再加入 2400ml去离子水, 加热提取 1小时后, 放出 提取液;再加入 2400ml去离子水,加热提取 0. 5小时后,放出提取液。 三次提取液过滤后合并, 浓缩至 600 ml , 再加入浓度为 95 %的乙醇使 含醇量为 60 %, 沉淀 24小时, 过滤; 滤液回收至 400 ml, 加入浓度 为 95 %的乙醇使含醇量为 80%,沉淀,过滤,回收乙醇并浓缩至 400 g, 即得党参和黄芪提取组合物。
对本发明的药物可加适量乙醇冷藏保存, 也可烘干后室温保存。 在 本发明的药物中, 每 1克中含总固体物不少于 0. 325克, 其主要成分 为糖类物质 (包括多糖、 单糖)、 有机酸、 皂苷、 香豆精 (少量)、 黄 酮苷、 生物碱、 醇类、 垸烃类物质等。 其中主要活性成分为多糖类、 皂苷类、 香豆精类以及黄酮类物质。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试 验例包括本发明免疫调节剂组合物的动物实验和临床疗效观察实验。
试验例 1 : 党参、黄芪提取组合物的抗肿瘤作用及对氨甲喋呤致死 作用的影响
1实验药物
党参、黄芪提取组合物: 按上述实施例 1制备的党参、黄芪提取组 合物, 其中每 20ml中含等量党参、 黄芪提取物 3. 25g, 实验时将之水 浴浓缩 2ml至 lml, 流通蒸汽消毒 40分钟灭菌。
氨甲喋吟: 上海第二制药厂, 批号为 870615。 实验时配成 lmg/ml 水溶液。
2实验动物: 昆明杂种小鼠, 雌性, 体重 18〜22g, 由中研院动物 房提供。
3实验方法:
1 ) 将小鼠随机分为大剂量组、 小剂量组和对照组。 瘤株选用小鼠 肉瘤 180, 选取新鲜瘤组织在无菌条件下制成细胞匀浆, 以 1 : 4稀释, 每只小鼠右腋皮下接种 0. 15ml ,于接种后 24小时开始给药。大剂量组 给党参、 黄芪提取组合物浓缩液 0. 4ml/只; 小剂量组 0. 2ml/只, 对照 组给生理盐水 0. 4ml/只, 均为腹腔注射, 每日一次, 连续给药 14天, 第 15天处死动物, 称取瘤重, 求瘤重抑制率, 用 t检验法进行统计学 处理。
2 ) 小鼠分为两组, 接种瘤细胞方法同前, 于接种前三天开始给药 组与对照组分别腹腔注射党参、 黄芪提取物组合物和生理盐水 0. 2ml/ 只, 每日一次, 连续八次, 于给药第四天接种瘤细胞, 接种六小时后, 腹腔内一次注射氨甲喋呤水溶液 22mg/kg, 观察给氨甲喋呤后 10天内 动物死亡情况, 比较两组动物生存率。
4实验结果:
1 ) 党参、 黄芪提取组合物对小鼠肉瘤 180的影响, 结果见表 1、 表 2。
表 1 党参、 黄芪提取组合物 (大剂量组)对小鼠肉瘤 180的影响
Figure imgf000006_0001
表 2 党参、 黄芪提取组合物(小剂量组)对小鼠肉瘤 180的影响
Figure imgf000006_0002
从表 1、 表 2中可以看出, 给药 14天后两用药组平均瘤重均小于 对照组, 提取物 6. 50g/kg组抑瘤率三次实验分别为 36. 7%、 55. 28%, 33. 84%, 经统计学处理与对照组具有显著性差异。提取物 3. 25g/kg抑 瘤率三次实验分别为 20. 86%、 23. 40%、 19. 69%, 说明党参、 黄芪提取 组合物对小鼠肉瘤 180有抑制作用。 2)党参、 黄芪提取组合物对氨甲喋呤致死作用的影响, 结果见表
3。
表 3 党参、 黄芪提取组合物对氨甲喋呤致死作用的影响
Figure imgf000007_0001
※经直接计算概率法检验 0. 01<P<0. 05
从表 3可以看出, 参芪组十天生存率明显高于对照组。 经卡方检 验 Ρ<0. 05, 统计学处理有显著差异。 实验提示党参、 黄芪提取组合物 对氨甲喋呤的致死作用具有保护性减毒作用, 即可延长生存期。
上述两项实验表明党参、黄芪提取组合物对小鼠 180有抑制作用, 能够降低氨甲喋呤对小鼠的死亡率, 延长动物生存期。
试验例 2: 参芪注射液对造血系统的影响
1 实验药物: 参芪注射液溶液, 每支 20ml, 含等量党参、 黄芪提 取物 3. 25g, 实验时每只小鼠腹腔注射 0. 2ml (合每公斤体重 10ml)。
2实验动物: 昆明种小鼠, 体重 18-22g,接种 sl80瘤株, 接种瘤 细胞 24小时后, 实验组腹腔注入参芪注射液 0. 2ml (约含生药 0. 2g), 对照组注射同量水直至实验结束。 实验中分两次腹腔注入环磷酰胺, 每只 1. 5mg。
3实验结果:
1 ) 参芪注射液对小鼠骨髓细胞总数的影响
表 4 参芪注射液对小鼠骨髓细胞总数的影响
Figure imgf000007_0002
表 4结果说明环磷酰胺可造成小鼠骨髓细胞总数下降, 合并参芪 注射液后, 骨髓细胞总细胞总数比对照组升高。
2)参芪注射液对小鼠骨髓有核细胞的影响
表 5 参芪注射液对小鼠骨髓有核细胞的影响
动物数 *107 (M±SD) 股骨 P值 环磷酰胺对照组 10 5. 06 ± 1. 38 <0. 01 环磷酰胺加参芪组 14 8. 45 ± 5. 06
骨髓有核细胞代表有造血功能的细胞。 表 5结果说明, 合并参芪 注射液, 骨髓有核细胞计数明显高于单纯环磷酰胺对照组。
3) 参芪注射液对小鼠骨髓细胞体积的影响
表 6 参芪注射液对小鼠骨髓细胞体积的影响
Figure imgf000008_0001
骨髓细胞体积大小反映细胞的成熟程度, 越幼稚, 细胞体积越大, 幼稚多代表造血母细胞。 表 6 的结果说明合并参芪注射液比单纯环磷 酰胺对照组平均体积大。 (P 〈0. 01〉
4)参芪注射液对小鼠骨髓细胞压积的影响
表 7 参芪注射液对小鼠骨髓细胞压积的影响
Figure imgf000008_0002
骨髓细胞压积的高低代表细胞的大小和多少, 表 7 结果说明合并 芪注射液比单纯环磷酰胺对照组压积增多。 (P〈0. 01 )
试验例 3: 参芪注射液具有协同的抑瘤作用
本试验例所用的实验药物与实验动物同试验例 2。 参芪注射液合并环磷酰胺对瘤体的影响
参芪注射液能减轻化疗药对小鼠骨髓的抑制, 但是否破坏化疗药 的抗癌效果。 关于这一点, 以下实验进行了验证。 ·
表 8 参芪注射液合并化疗药对瘤体的影响
Figure imgf000008_0003
△环磷酰胺对照组与空白组对照比较
※环磷酰胺对照组与环磷酰胺 +参芪组比较
表 8 的结果说明本发明的党参、 黄芪免疫调节剂组合物不但没有 破坏化疗药的抗癌效果, 相反, 合并后参芪注射液比单纯化疗提高抑 瘤率。 参芪一组为人用量 4倍, 参芪二组为人用量 2倍。
实验例 4
党参黄芪组合物对麻醉犬心肌缺血、心肌梗塞及相关冠脉血流量 心肌耗氧量和血液生化指标的影响
健康成年犬 30只, 雌雄兼用, 体重 14. 02 ± 1. 90kg, 由北京 市通利实验动物养殖厂提供 [京动许字 (2000 ) 第 010号] 。
实验药物 党参黄芪组合物浓液: 5ml/支, 2g生药 /ml ; 合贝爽 注射剂 (盐酸地尔硫注射剂): lOmg/支,天津田边制药有限公司生产 (批 号: 0003003); 0. 9%氯化钠注射液:北京双鹤药业股分有限公司生产(批 号: 000320332 ); 丹参注射液: 10ml/支, 1. 5g/ml, 浙江杭州市正大 青春宝药业有限公司生产 (批号: 0003132 ); 硝基蓝四唑 (N- BT) : 解 放军军事医学科学院药材供应站(批号: 971120); 内皮素(ET)放免 药盒, 北京福瑞生物工程公司 (批号: 0102); 血浆血栓素 (TXB2)和 6-酮-前列腺素 Fl。 (6- eto-PGFl J放免药盒, 北京福瑞生物工程公司 (批号: 0102)。
实验分组 (1)空白对照组, 3ml/kg, n-5 ; (2)合贝爽注射剂 组, 0. 5mg/kg, n=5 ; (3)丹参注射液 0. 6g/kg剂量组, n=5 ; (4)党参 黄芪组合物 0. 6g/kg剂量组, n=5 ; (5)党参黄芪组合物 1. 2g/kg剂 量组, n=5 ; (6)党参黄芪组合物 2. 4g/kg剂量组, n二 5。
实验药物用生理盐水配制成同体积 (50ml ), 电脑微量注射泵 (AJ- 5803型, 上海) 以 5ml/min的速度经股静脉给入所试药物。
实验方法:动物经戊巴比妥钠(30mg/kg)静脉麻醉,气管插管, 连接 SC-3型电动呼吸机; 左侧第四肋间开胸, 暴露心脏, 剪开心 包, 做心包床; 分离冠状动脉左旋支, 放置电磁流量计 (MF- 1100 型,) 探头, 测定心脏冠脉血流量; 分离冠状动脉前降支中段, 穿 线以备结扎, 造成急性实验性心肌缺血模型; 缝置多点固定式心 外膜电极, 连接多道生理记录仪 (RM- 6100型, 日本光电), 描记 心外膜电图 σ>。 结扎冠脉 15min, 进行记录, 作为给药前对照值, 经股静脉给予实验药物或生理盐水, 于药后 5、 15、 30、 45、 60、 90、 120、 180min记录 30个标测点心外膜电图, 以 S-T段升高大 于 2mv为判断标准,计算心肌缺血程度(S- T段升高总 mV数∑- ST) 及心肌缺血范围(S-T段升高总点数 N-ST)。 经颈外静脉插管至冠 状静脉窦, 于缺血前、 缺血 15min (药前)、 药后 15、 30、 60、 120、 180min取血, 以血氧仪 (AVL912型, 瑞士) 测定冠状静脉血氧含 量; 颈总动脉插管, 测定动脉血氧含量, 与冠脉血流量共同计算 心肌耗氧量: 心肌耗氧量 = (动脉血氧含量-冠状静脉血氧含量) X冠 脉血流量 /100。 按上述时间点取血以全自动生化分析仪(RA-1000 型, 美国)测定血清肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)、 乳酸脱氢酶(LDH) ; 全自 动 Y记数仪(FT-630G型,北京)放免法测定 ET、TXB2和 6-Keto-PGF,. 药后 180min记录完毕, 立即取下心脏, 生理盐水冲洗, 称量 全心重, 在心脏结扎线以下, 平行冠状沟均匀地将心室部分横切 5 片, 置于 N- BT染液中, 常温染色 15min。 以多媒体彩色病理图象 分析系统(MPIAS-500型, 北京)测量每片心肌双侧的梗塞区(N-BT 非染色区)与非梗塞区(N-BT染色区), 计算每片心肌的面积, 心室 总面积和梗塞区总面积。计算梗塞区占心室及占全心脏的百分比。
实验结果进行统计学处理, 以 t检验判断其显著性。
实验结果
对犬心肌缺血 (心外膜电图标测)的影响
对犬心肌缺血程度 (∑-ST ) 的影响, 经十二指肠给药, 党参 黄芪组合物 1. 2g生药 /kg剂量组、 2. 4g生药 /kg剂量组均有减轻 心肌缺血程度(Σ -ST)的作用, 且 6g生药 /kg剂量组优于 3g生药 /kg剂量组。党参黄芪组合物 2. 4g生药 /kg剂量组动物药前∑ -ST 为 293. 80 ±97. 91mv, 药后 5min即发挥作用, 15imn~180min, 心肌 缺血程度逐渐下降, 180min时∑- ST为 151. 40 ± 59. 54mv, 下降了 45. 70 ± 26. 23 %, 与药前及与对照组比较均差异显著(P〈0. 05 和 P<0. 01); 1. 2g生药 /kg剂量组动物∑ -ST从给药后 30rain起开 始下降, 药物作用随给药时的延长而增加, ISOmin时, 动物∑-ST 由 366. 80± 144. 99mv 降至前 212. 40±92. 77mv, 下降了 40. 00士 18. 60 % , 与药前及与对照组比较均差异显著 (P<0. 05和 P〈0. 01)。
对犬心肌缺血范围 (NST)的影响
对照组给入生理盐水后, 心肌缺血范围(N-ST)无明显改变。 党参黄芪组合物 2.4g生药 /kg剂量组有明显减小心肌缺血范围 (N-ST)的作用, 药后 120min、 180min, N- ST分别由药前 29.40 ±0.89个标测点, 降至 26.60 ±2.70和 26.20 ±2.28个标测点, 分别下降了 9.62±7.52%和 10.33±6.51%, 与给药前及对照组相 比有明显差异(P<0.05)。
以上结果表明, 党参黄芪组合物对实验性急性犬心肌缺血有 明显的改善作用, 可显著减轻心肌缺血程度(Σ-ST)及缺血范围
Figure imgf000011_0001
对犬急性心肌梗塞范围 (N - BT染色法测定)的影响
见表 9
表 9. 各给药组对犬急性心肌梗塞范围的影响 (n= 5, ±SD)
组别 剂量 /kg 心脏面积 mm2 心室面积 mm2 梗塞区面积 mm2 梗塞区 /心 梗塞区 /心室 nrt- 生理盐水 3ml 13185.9± 1947.7 4455.2±985.1 919.80±224.7 6.94±1.20 21.53±2.98 合贝爽 0.5mg 11838.0±2981.1 3883.1±859.8 281.30±159.9*** 2.27 ±0.73*** 7.44 ±2.61*** 丹参注射
0.6g 11309.1±1882.3 4622.8±582.2 487.50±158.0** 4.54±2.14 10.99±3.58** 液
参芪扶正 1.5g 11777.1±2011.7 4188.2±234·0 '556.80±180.1* 4.73 + 1.43* 11.13 ±4.24** 参芪扶正 3.0g 12042.9± 1735.3 4042.1±528.1 478.21 ±106.1** 3.94±0.45*** 12.32±2.60** 参芪扶正 6.0g 13561.6±3297.9 4994.0±691.8 484.30±113.2** 3.65 ±0.85*** 10.43 ±2.14*** 注: 与对照组比较: *P<0.05, **:P<0.01, ***:P〈0.001。
对犬急性心肌梗塞范围 (N-BT染色法测定)的影响, 见表 9。 以定 量组织学 N-BT染色法显示心肌梗塞范围, 生理盐水对照组动物心 肌梗塞区分别占心脏及心室的 6.94±1.20%和 21.53±2.98%; 党 参黄芪组合物三个剂量组可减少动物心肌梗塞区面积, 其中 2.4g 生药 /kg 组心肌梗塞区面积分别占心脏及心室的 3.65±0.85%、 10.43±2.14%, 分别较生理盐水对照组降低 47.40%和 51.55%, 与 生理盐水对照组比较均有非常显著性差异(均 P〈0.001)。 合贝爽注 射剂组梗塞区占心脏及占心室的百分比亦有显著缩小。
对实验性心肌缺血犬冠脉血流量的影响
结扎麻醉犬冠状动脉形成心肌缺血后,冠脉血流量有短时间代 偿性增加,增加幅度 15%左右。合贝爽和党参黄芪组合物药后有显 著增加缺血心脏冠脉血流量的作用, 2.4g 生药 /kg 剂量组药后 15〜180min冠脉血流量均有增加,其中 180min冠脉血流量增加了 23. 13 ± 23. 22°/。, 与生理盐水组比较, 有明显差异 (P〈0. 05 )。
对实验性心肌缺血犬动、 静脉血氧含量及心肌耗氧量的影响 对照组生理盐水给药前后动脉、 冠状静脉窦血氧含量及心肌 耗氧量均无显著变化; 合贝爽和党参黄芪组合物药后有不同程度 的增加静脉窦血氧含量的作用趋势, 而无统计学意义。 党参黄芪 组合物三个剂量组动物心肌耗氧量亦未见明显变化, 硫氮革酮药 后 15min则显著降低心肌耗氧量。
对实验性心肌缺血犬血液生化学指标的影响
1.对犬血清肌酸激酶 (CK)及乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)活性的影响
心肌缺血前血清 CK:、 LDH 含量分别为 491. 70±20L 29u/L 和 86. 73±30. 01 u/L(n=25) , 结扎冠脉形成急性心肌缺血后, 血中 CK、 LDH含量明显升高,分别为 669. 37+239. 09u/L和 100. 30±31. 29u/L。与 缺血前比较 CK含量增加了 43. 98 %, LDH含量增加了 25. 55% , CK、 LDH 活性随着冠脉结扎时间的延长进一步增加; 合贝爽和党参黄芪组合物 2. 4g生药 /kg剂量组能明显抑制心肌缺血、 心肌梗塞引起的 CK、 LDH 活性升高, 与对照组生理盐水比较有显著性差异 (P〈0. 05)。
2.对犬血浆内皮素(ET)、 血栓素(TXB2)及 6-酮-前列腺素 (6-Keto-PGFla)活性的影响
持续结扎犬冠状动脉过程中, 生理盐水对照组动物血浆内皮素 (ET)、血栓素 B2 (TXB2)含量明显升高; 6-酮-前列腺素 (6- Keto-PGFla) 及 6-酮-前列腺素 /血栓素 B2比值明显下降。合贝爽和党参黄芪组合物 对心肌缺血、 心肌梗塞引起的血浆内皮素 (ET)活性有明显抑制作 用, 与对照组生理盐水比较有显著性差异, 同时可明显升高 6-酮- 前列腺素 (6- Keto-PGFia)及 6-酮-前列腺素 /血栓素 B2的比值。
本实验采用心外膜电图标测心肌缺血范围及程度, 定量组织学 (N-BT染色法)测定心肌梗塞范围,同时测定冠脉血流量、 心肌耗氧 量及血清 CK、 LDH和血浆 ET、 TXB2、 6- Keto- PGFl a活性的变化, 研 究了党参黄芪组合物消化道给药对实验性犬急性心肌缺血、心肌梗 塞及相关指标的影响。
实验结果证实, 党参黄芪组合物具有明显改善犬急性心肌缺血
11
更正页(细则第 91条) 和心肌梗塞的作用, 减轻由心外膜电图标测的心肌缺血程度(∑
-ST) , 减小通过 N-BT染色所显示的梗塞区。
由不同病因造成局部冠状动脉狭窄或冠状动脉闭塞形成心肌 缺血或心肌梗塞时, 其它冠状动脉分支代偿性扩张和开放, 可使 心肌缺血或心肌梗塞得到缓解。 当心肌发生大面积缺血和广泛性 梗塞、 这种代偿能力 "得不偿失" 时, 则造成心肌坏死和不可逆 损伤, 发生生命危险。 实验观察到党参黄芪组合物可明显增加心 肌缺血和心肌梗塞时的冠脉血流量, 表明其可促进侧支循环开放 和建立, 同时增加心肌的供氧。
肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)广泛存在于胞浆中, 尤以心肌细胞为多。 当心肌细胞损伤时 CK溢出, 使其在血清中活性提高, 血清 CK活 性越高, 反映心肌损伤越重。 乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)在心肌梗塞时从组 织细胞内大量释放于体液中, 测定冠状静脉窦血中其活性, 亦反 映心肌损伤的程度。 本实验观察到持续结扎犬冠状动脉 CK和 LDH 活性持续增加。 实验证明党参黄芪组合物可部分抑制犬实验性心 肌损伤时血清 CK、 LDH的溢出, 降低血清 CPK、 LDH的活性。
前列环素(prostacyclin, PGI2)、 内皮素 ( endothelin, ET)、 血栓素 A2 (thromboxane A2, TXA2)均为内皮细胞分泌的血管活性物 质, 其中 PGI2为舒血管物质, ET和 TXA2为縮血管物质。 本实验通 过测定 ET、PGI^ 终末代谢产物 6-酮-前列腺素 Fla( 6- keto- PGFla ) 及 TXA2的代谢产物 TXB2等活性物质, 观察持续结扎犬冠状动脉形 成心肌缺血和心肌梗塞过程中的变化以及观察药物对其影响。 结 果表明, 党参黄芪组合物对心肌缺血、心肌梗塞引起的血浆血栓素 (TXB2) 活性升高有明显抑制作用, 同时可提高血浆 6-酮-前列腺素 (6-Keto- PGFia)的水平。
上述结果表明, 党参黄芪组合物可明显改善犬急性心肌缺血和心 肌梗塞的病理表现, 减轻心肌缺血的程度, 减小心肌梗的范围。
试验例 5
党参黄芪组合物对缺血再灌注所致心肌梗塞的影响
Wistar种大鼠 56只, 雄性, 体重 260〜280g, 北京医科大学动物 部提供, 合格证号: 医动字第 01- 3056号。 药物: 党参黄芪组合物: 5ml/支, 2g生药 /ml ; 合贝爽注射剂 (盐 酸地尔硫 注射剂): 10mg/支, 天津田边制药有限公司生产(批 号: 0003003) ; 丹参注射液: 10ml/支, 1. 5g/ml, 浙江杭州市正大青 春宝药业有限公司生产(批号: 0003132); 硝基蓝四唑 (N-BT) : 解放 军军事医学科学院药材供应站 (批号: 971120)。
实验方法: 动物随机分为 6组: 假手术组 (取血清作正常对照), 模型组, 合贝爽 1. 0mg/kg组, 丹参注射液 1. 6g/kg组, 党参黄芪组 合物 8、 4、 2g生药 /kg组。 药物以生理盐水稀释至所需浓度, 给药体 积为 4ml/kg, 给药途径为左股静脉。
动物以戊巴比妥钠腹腔麻醉(45mg/kg), 仰位固定, 心电图机
(ECG-6511型 CardiofaxX, 上海)以标准 II导联监测动物心电图; 切 开气管, 插入气管插管, 接呼吸机 (SC- 3型, 上海)行人工呼吸 (32次 / 分, 呼吸比值 1 : 3) ; 开胸, 断 5肋, 打开心包膜, 暴露心脏, 于冠 状动脉左前降支根部穿线 (0号缝合线), 备结扎用; 穿线后稳定 10分 钟, 将一塑料凹管与血管并列, 结扎 (无 ST段及 T波改变者淘汰), 给 入受试药物; 40分钟后, 沿凹槽剪断结扎线, 使前降支实现再灌注; 缝合胸壁, 恢复自主呼吸。
打开结扎 2小时后, 腹主动脉取血, 测定血清 SOD 、 MDA含量; 心脏结扎线以下横切 5片, N- BT染色, 采用多媒体彩色病理图文分析 系统 (MPIAS- 500型,北京)以固定取象距离测量正常心肌及梗塞心肌面 积, 观察心肌梗塞程度; 结果进行统计学处理 (t检验)。 对心肌梗塞程度的影响 H 10
表 10. 党参黄芪组合物对心肌梗塞程度的影响 ( 士 s ) 正常心肌面积 梗塞心肌面 梗塞区占 梗塞区占 分组 N剂量 /kg
ram2 积誦 2 g 心室% 心脏% 模型组 8 293. 42+20. 87 92. 49+11. 09 0. 242+0. 048 31. 5±2. 8 25. 3+3. 9 合贝爽组 8 l. Omg 287. 98+23. 54 61. 72+9. 68** 0. 154±0. 027** 21. 6+4. 3**16. 6+2. 6** 丹参组 8 1. 6g 301. 72+41. 84 66. 20土 10. 96** 0. 165+0. 022** 22. 2+4. 2**17. 8±2. 9** 参芪扶正组 8 8g 298. 31+30. 99 66. 59+8. 97** 0. 186+0. 020** 22. 3+1. 5**18. 9+1. 6** 参芪扶正组 8 4g 303. 12±17. 23 66. 93+7. 66** 0. 179+0. 029** 22. 1+2. 5=κ* 17. 6+2. 7** 参芪扶正组 8 2g 308. 18+32. 31 74. 44+8. 73** 0. 206+0. 027 25. 1+2. 1**20. 86+2. 3*
*、 **: 与模型组比较 P<0. 05、 OTOL
实验结果证实, 模型组梗塞区占心室及心脏百分比分别为 31. 5及 25. 3%; 对照药合贝爽及丹参注射液组梗塞面积明显减小, 梗塞区重量 减轻, 梗塞区占心室及心脏百分比降低, 与模型组比较均有显著性差 异 (P<0. 01、 ); 党参黄芪组合物 8、 4g/kg组梗塞面积减小, 梗塞区重 量减轻, 梗塞区占心室及心脏 g百分比降低, 与模型组比较有显著性差 异 (P<0. 01); 2g/kg组梗塞面积减小,梗塞区占心室及心脏百分比降低, 与模型组比较有显著性差异 (P<0. 05、 P<0. 01)。
对血清 SOD及 MDA含量的影响见表 11
表 11. 党参黄芪组合物对血清 SOD及 MDA_含量的影响(X土 s) 分组 剂量 /kg MDA tnol/L)
假手术组 643. 2+167. 7 1. 93±0. 41
模型组 492. 8±53. m 2. 95+0. 46##
合贝爽组 1. Omg 660. 9±159. 7* 2. 35+0. 07**
丹参组 1. 6ml/kg 586. 3+92. 2* 3. 55±1. 91
参芪扶正组 8g/kg 508. 0+89. 4 2. 31+0. 37*
参芪扶正组 4g/kg 553. 5+87. 5 2. 33+0. 35**
参芪扶正组 2g/kg 520. 3+82. 7 2. 47+0. 91
注: 与正常对照组比较 P<0. 01 ; *、 **与模型组比较 P〈0. 05、 P<0. 01.
实验结果证实, 模型组 S0D值明显降低, MDA值明显增加, 与假 手术组比较均有显著性差异 (P<0. 05, P<0. 01); 阳性对照药合贝爽 SOD 值增加, MDA值降低; 丹参注射液组 S0D值明显增加, 与模型组比较均 有显著性差异 (P<0. 05〜P<0. 01),党参黄芪组合物 8. 0及 4. 0g/kg组 MDA值明显降低, 与模型组比较有显著性差异 (P<0. 05, P〈0. 01)。
研究证实, 心肌缺血后一定时间造成心肌损伤后, 再灌注可加重 缺血性损伤, 从而导致心肌梗塞。
本实验以大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型观察药物作用。 实验观察 到, 缺血再灌注导致心肌细胞膜损伤, 模型组血清 S0D活性明显降低, MDA含量明显增高,间接反映了氧自由基的产生对心肌损伤的进一步加 重。
党参黄芪组合物明显缩小心肌梗塞面积, 梗塞区重量减轻, 与对 照药合贝爽及丹参注射液作用相似, MDA含量明显降低, 对心肌缺血 再灌注损伤有明显的保护作用。
试验例 6
党参黄芪组合物对犬心脏血流动力学及心耗氧量的影响 健康成年犬 30只, 雌雄兼用, 体重 14. 10 ± 0. 22kg, 由北京 市通利实验动物养殖厂提供 [京动许字 ( 2000 ) 第 010号] 。
实验药物 党参黄芪组合物: 5ml/支, 2g生药 /ml ; 合贝爽注 射剂 (盐酸地尔硫 注射剂): 10mg/支,天津田边制药有限公司生产 (批 号: 0003003); 0. 9%氯化钠注射液:北京双鹤药业股分有限公司生产(批 号: 000320332); 丹参注射液: 10ml/支, 1. 5g/ml, 浙江杭州市正大 青春宝药业有限公司生产 (批号: 0003132)。
实验分组 (1)空白对照组, 生理盐水 3ml/kg, n=5 ; (2)合贝爽 注射剂组, 0. 5mg/kg, n=5 ; (3)丹参注射液 0. 6g/kg剂量组, n=5 ; (4)党参黄芪组合物 0. 6g/kg剂量组, n=5 ; (5)党参黄芪组合物 1. 2g/kg剂量组, n=5 ; (6)党参黄芪组合物 2. 4g/kg剂量组, n=5。
实验药物用生理盐水配制成同体积 (50ml ), 电脑微量注射泵 (AJ-5803型, 上海) 以 5ml /min的速度经股静脉给入所试药物。
实验方法 实验动物用戊巴比妥钠(30mg/kg)静脉麻醉, 气管 插管, 连接电动人工呼吸机(SC- 3型,上海)。 施左侧第四肋间开胸 术, 暴露心脏, 剪开心包, 做心包床, 分离冠状动脉左旋支及主 动脉根部, 放置电磁流量计(MF- 1100型, 日本光电)探头, 分别测 量冠脉血流量及心输出量。 左心室尖部插管, 连接压力换能器 (MPU-0. 5A) , 经载波放大器(AP- 601G)测定左室内压, 再经微分器 (ED- 601G)计算左室内压上升最大速率(dp/dtmax )。 颈外静脉插 管至冠状静脉窦, 颈动脉插管, 以血氧仪 (AVL912型, 瑞士) 分 别测定冠状静脉窦血氧含量及动脉血氧含量, 计算心肌耗氧量。 股动脉插管测定动脉血压, 以肢体导联观测标准 II导心电图计算 心率及相关心电图参数。 公式计算其它血流动力学指标: 心搏出 量、 耗氧指数、 心脏指数、 冠脉阻力、 总外周阻力及氧利用率等。 将上述各项指标同步记录于多道生理记录仪(RM- 6000型, 日本光 电)。
手术完毕, 待所观察指标稳定后, 记录药前值, 给入所试药 物。 并于药中 5min、 药后即刻、 药后 1、 3、 5、 10、 15、 30、 60min 进行记录。 将各项观测指标及推导参数进行统计学处理, 以不同 观察时间的实测值进行给药前后自身比较, 其变化百分率进行组 间比较, 以 t检验判断其显著性。
实验结果
对犬动脉血压、 心率及心电图的影响
合贝爽注射剂药后有明显降低血压和减慢心率的作用; 党参 黄芪组合物 1. 2g生药 /kg和 2. 4g生药 /kg两个剂量组药中及药后短 时间内 (lmin ) 均可降低动脉血压; 党参黄芪组合物也可减慢心 率。 药后动物标准 II心电图 PR间期、 QRS间期、 QT间期及 T波等参 数均无明显变化。
对犬冠脉血流量及冠脉阻力的影响
生理盐水给药前后冠脉血流量、 冠脉阻力均无明显变化。 党 参黄芪组合物 0. 6g生药 /kg组药后冠脉血流量有所增加,其余两组 作用不明显。 党参黄芪组合物三个剂量组均可降低冠脉阻力, 给 药过程中冠脉阻力降低并持续至药后 60min, 幅度在 15%左右。 钙 拮抗剂合贝爽注射剂亦可明显增加冠脉血流量和降低冠脉阻力。
对左室收缩力、 左室作功的影响
各实验组药后动物左室收缩力和左室作功未见明显变化。
对犬左室内压、 左室内压最大上升速率的影响
党参黄芪组合物三个剂量组药后左室内压、左室内压最大上升 速率(dp/dtmax )与对照组比较均无显著性差异。
对犬心输出量、 心搏出量及总外周阻力的影响 ■
党参黄芪组合物 2. 4g生药 /kg剂量组药后, 心输出量逐渐增 加, 5min时作用最明显, 与药前及与生理盐水组比较有显著性差 异 (P<0. 05〜0. 01 ) ; 同时可明显降低外周阻力; 硫氮蕈酮则明 显增加心搏出量, 减少外周阻力。
对犬动脉血氧含量、 静脉血氧含量的影响
16
更正页(细则第 91条) 党参黄芪组合物 2. 4g/kg剂量组动物药后 5至 15min, 冠状静脉 窦血氧含量明显增加, 与药前及生理盐水对照组比较均有明显差 异(P<0. 05- 0. 001)。
对犬心肌耗氧量、 耗氧指数及氧利用率的影响
党参黄芪组合物组心肌耗氧量和氧利用率无明显改变; 给药 过程中和药后短时间内可明显降低心肌耗氧指数。
本实验观察了党参黄芪组合物对正常麻醉犬心脏血流动力学、 心肌耗氧量的影响, 用合贝爽注射剂做为阳性对照药, 证实实验 方法及所取指标的可靠及灵敏性。
实验结果显示, 党参黄芪组合物有扩张冠脉血管、 增加冠状 静脉窦血氧含量的作用, 从而改善心肌的供血供氧; 同时改善左 室作功, 增加心输出量, 调整心脏血管的顺应性, 对心血管系统 起到一定的调整和改善作用, 为临床治疗缺血性心脏病提供了实 验依据。 ·
试验例 7
党参黄芪组合物对大鼠体外血栓形成及血液粘度的影响
^^党参黄芪组合物: 5ml/支, 2g生药 /ml ;丹参注射液: 10ml/ 支, 1. 5g/ml, 浙江杭州市正大青春宝药业有限公司生产 (批号: 0003132); 注射用赖氨匹林 (0. 9g/瓶, 相当于阿司匹林 0. 5g) : 安徽省 蚌埠来比林制药厂生产(批号: 000116 ); 0. 9%氯化钠注射液: 北京双 鹤药业股分有限公司生产 (批号: 000320332)。
健康雄性 Wis tar大鼠 60只, 体重 248. 9± 16. 9g, 由中国中医研 究院医学实验动物中心提供, 合格证号: 医动字第 01-3067号。 体外 血栓形成仪, SDZ- 型, 江苏无锡县电子仪器厂产品。 血液粘度测定 仪, LG-R- 20型, 北京世帝科学仪器公司产品。
实验方法' 60只大鼠随机分为 6组 (每组 10只):①对照组 (0. 9% 氯化钠注射液, 4ml/kg), ②党参黄芪组合物大剂量组 (8g生药 /kg), ③党参黄芪组合物中剂量组 (4g生药 /kg) ,④党参黄芪组合物小剂量 组(2g 生药 /kg), ⑤丹参注射液组(1. 6g 生药 /kg), ⑥赖氨匹林组 (90mg/kg)。 各组动物按所述剂量以 4ml/kg的注射量经尾静脉注射给 药, 每日一次, 连续给药 3 日, 末次给药后 30min, 用戊巴比妥钠 (30. 0mg/kg)麻醉, 从腹主动脉取血 2ml用于体外血栓形成测定, 取血 3ml (肝素抗凝)用于血液粘度测定。
体外血栓形成测定: 按照 Chandler体外法, 立刻将血注入旋转环 内, 注入的血量充满旋转环 1/2以下(1. 8ml), 迅速密封, 置血栓形成 仪上, 旋转 lOmin (实验温度为 37°C), 倾出血栓, 生理盐水洗涤, 测 量长度, 称量湿重, 将血栓条置 80°C烘箱 3h, 恒重后称其干重。
血液粘度测定: 从 3 ml血 (肝素抗凝)中取 0. 8 ml用于全血粘度 测定, 余血于 650 X g离心 10 min, 取上清 0. 8 ml用于血浆粘度测定。 对体外血栓形成的影响见表 12
表 12.党参黄芪组合物对大
动物 血栓
剂量
组别 数
(/kg) 长度 (ram) 湿重 (mg) 干重 (mg)
(n)
对照组 10 22. 0+1. 2 118. 7+11. 9 21. 6+1. 3 党参黄芪组合物 8g 10 18. 6+1. 2*** 98. 0+11. 8** 19. 1+2. 2** 党参黄芪组合物 4g 10 20. 2±1. 5** 109. 1+12. 2 20. 5+1. 8 党参黄芪组合物 2g 10 21. 3±1. 4 119. 0±12. 9 21. 8+1. 4 丹参注射液 1. 6g 10 20. 4+1. 2** 106. 1+7. 8* 20. 1+1. 2* 赖氨匹林 90mg 10 18. 8+1. 5*** 100. 1+12. 5** 18. 9+1. 4*** 注: 与对照组比较 * P〈0. 05, **P〈0. 01, ***P<0. 001
由表 12可见, 与对照组比较, 党参黄芪组合物大剂量组的血栓长 度显著缩短 (P〈0. 001)、 血栓湿重及干重均显著减轻 (P〈0. 01) ; 中剂量 组的血栓长度明显缩短 (P〈0. 01), 血栓湿重及干重有减轻趋势; 小剂 量组的血栓长度、 湿重及干重与对照组比较均无明显差异。 与对照组 比较, 丹参注射液组的血栓长度显著缩短 (P〈0. 01)、 血栓湿重及干重 均明显减轻 (P〈0. 05); 赖氨匹林组的血栓长度显著缩短 (P<0. 001), 血栓湿重及干重均显著减轻 (Ρ〈0. 0Γ0. 001)。
对血液粘度的影响见表 13
表 13 .党参黄芪组合物对大鼠血液粘度的影响 (η=10, 土 SD) 动物 全血粘度 (CP)
剂量 血浆粘度 组别 中切
(jng kg) 高切(200S 中切(30S— ') 低切(5S— ') (100S-)
(n) (100S—
对照组 10 4. 23+0. 86 5. 41±1. 64 6. 68±2. 26 9. 90+4. 21 2. 69+1. 33 党参黄芪组合物 8g 10 3. 65±0. 39 4. 08+0. 42* 5. 11+0. 68* 6. 89±1. 13* 2. 41+1. 18 党参黄芪组合物 4g 10 3. 69+0. 64 4, 19+0. 95 5. 54+1. 94 8. 13+ 4. 14 2. 60+1. 47 党参黄芪组合物 2g 10 4. 16+0. 80 4. 67±0. 94 6. 00 ±1. 33 8. 48+2. 11 1. 98+1. 21
3. 72+0. 38*
丹参注射液 1. 6g 10 3. 35+0. 32** 4. 68±0. 55* 6. 43+0. 88* 2. 12+1. 20
*
赖氨匹林 90mg 10 3. 81+0. 91* 4. 71+0. 95* 6. 35+1. 03* 2. 38+1. 12 注: 与对照组比较 * P<0. 05, ** P〈0. 01。
由表 13可见, 党参黄芪组合物大剂量组大鼠的全血粘度在切变率 30S— 1及 5S— 1下均明显低于对照组 (P<0. 05), 在切变率 200S— 1时 有下降趋势; 党参黄芪组合 o物中剂量组大鼠的全血粘度在切变率为 100S— 1下有下降趋势, 在高切与低切时与对照组比较无明显差异; 党参 黄芪组合物小剂量组的全血粘度在各切变率下与对照组比较无明显差 异。 丹参注射液组大鼠的全血粘度在各切变率下均明显低于对照组
(P<0. 05〜0. 01)。 赖氨匹林组大鼠的全血粘度在各切变率下均明显低 于对照组 (P〈0. 05)。 各给药组大鼠的血浆粘度与对照组比较均无明显 差异。
上述结果表明: 给大鼠连续 3天静脉注射给药, 党参黄芪组合物 8g生药 /kg显著缩短血栓长度 (P<0. 001)、 明显减轻血栓湿重和干重 (P<0. 01); 明显降低切变率 100s— 30s— 5s— 1下的全血粘度(P〈0. 05)。 提示党参黄芪组合物具有抑制血栓形成、 降低血液粘度的作用。
试验例 8
党参黄芪组合物对家兔血小板聚集的影响
党参黄芪组合物: 5ml/支, 2g生药 /ml ; 丹参注射液: 10ml/ 支, 1. 5g/ml, 浙江杭州市正大青春宝药业有限公司生产 (批号: 0003132) 0. 9%氯化钠注射液: 北京双鹤药业股分有限公司生产 (批号: 000320332); 注射用赖氨匹林 (0. 9g/瓶, 相当于阿司匹林 0. 5g): 安徽 省蚌埠来比林制药厂生产(批号: 000116)。 二磷酸腺苷 (ADP)二钠盐: 中国科学院上海生物化学研究所生产 (批号: 9209258), 用生理盐水 配制成 1. 0mM/L的溶液, 4°C保存备用。 花生四烯酸 (AA) : Fluka AG 产品,临用时用 Ι. ΟΜ/L NaOH配制成钠盐,浓度为 5. 0 g/L。 胶原(100 μ g/ml): K0KEN公司产品。
动物 48只健康雄性日本大耳白家兔, 体重 2. 75±0. 15 kg, 由 中国兽药监察所实验动物中心提供, 合格证号: 京动管质字 (1999) 第 004号。 血小板聚集仪, BS634型, 北京生化仪器厂产品。
实验 法: 给药前穿刺耳中动脉取血测定血小板聚集率, 根据血 小板聚集率水平及体重将 48只家兔随机分为 6组 (每组 8只): ①对 照组 (0.9%氯化钠注射液, 2.5ml/kg),②党参黄芪组合物大剂量组 ( (5 g生药 /kg) , ③党参黄芪组合物中剂量组 (2.5g生药 /kg), ④党参黄 芪组合物小剂量组 (1.25g生药 /kg), ⑤丹参注射液组 (lg生药 /kg), ⑥赖氨匹林组 (45mg/kg)。 给药组按所述剂量经耳缘静脉注射给药, 对 照组注射等体积 0.9%氯化钠注射液, 每日一次, 连续给药 3日, 末次 给药后 30min, 穿剌耳中动脉取血, 测定血小板聚集率。
血小板聚集率测定方法: 用硅化注射器穿刺耳中动脉取血, 3.8% 枸櫞酸钠溶液抗凝 (血:抗凝剂 =9: 1), 200 Xg离心 8分钟, 取上清部 分即富血小板血桨 (PRP), 剩余部分 2200 Xg离心 10分钟, 取上清部 分即贫血小板血浆 (PPP)。 PRP中血小板计数为 4.0X105 /mm3左右。 按照 Born氏比浊法, 将盛有 200ulPRP及 1小磁棒的比浊管置于血小 板聚集仪中, 37Ό保温 1分钟, 经 PPP标定后, 在搅拌情况下加入诱 导剂诱导聚集。 所用诱导剂的终浓度为: ADP (47.6 μ M/L)、 ΑΑ (782.0 u M/L) , 胶原 (4.8mg/L)。 根据仪器自动打印出来的聚集曲线及最大聚 集率分析药物对血小板聚集的影响。 最大聚集率计算公式如下:
聚集后 PRP透光度一聚集前 PRP透光度
最大聚集率 = X100%
PPP透光度一聚集前 PRP透光度
其实验结果见表 14 表 14. 党参黄芪组合物对家兔血小板聚集率的影响
剂量 动物 聚集率( %, X士 SD)
诱导剂 组别
/kg 数 药前 药后 差值
ADP 对照组 8 65.23±8.76 66.42 ±8.64 1.19±7.09 参芪扶正 5g 8 66.56±6.56 59.08±6.26 -7.48±8.18* 参芪扶正 2.5g 8 65.23±8.36 60.90±6.93 - 4.33±11.95 参芪扶正 1.25g 8 65.26±7.98 61.13±3·82 -4.13 ±8.67 丹参注射液 lg 8 65.72±10.96 57.57±6.43 —8.15±9.48* 赖氨匹林 45mg 8 66.62±7.09 57.78±6.01 —8.85±6.37** 对照组 8 65.67±8.63 67.28±10.06 1.61±9.61 参芪扶正 5g 8 68.00±5.42 55.46±6.94 -12.54±6.01** 参芪扶正 2.5g 8 67.19±9.24 57.95±4.75 -9.25±9.57*
ΛΛ
参芪扶正 1.25g 8 64.62±7.22 63.13±9.46 -1.50±10.58 丹参注射液 lg 8 63.99 ±5, 46 54.86±4.60 - 9.12 ±8.29* 赖氨匹林 45mg 8 63.90±7.06 0.24±0.69 -63.65±7· 05*** 对照组 8 68.82±6.79 68.00±10.27 - 0.82 ±9.95 参芪扶正 5g 8 68.11±5.88 64.84±9.19 - 3.26±10.61 参芪扶正 2.5g 8 69.36±7.04 66.74士 6.58 - 2·62±6·41 参芪扶正 1.25g 8 68.01±6.40 66.05±7.89 -1.96±5.77 丹参注射液 lg 8 67.06±7.67 63.44±3.95 - 3.61±9, 69 赖氨匹林 45rag 8 66.49 ±3.83 45.29±5.72 -21.19+4.24*** 注: 1.与对照组比较: * Ρ<0.05, **Ρ<0·01, ***Ρ<0.001 =
2.差值 =给药后聚集率 -给药前聚集率
由表 14可见: ①当 ADP诱导聚集时, 给药前各组间血小板聚集率 无明显差异; 给药后党参黄芪组合物大剂量组和丹参注射液组的血小 板聚集率均明显低于对照组 (Ρ<0.05), 赖氨匹林组的血小板聚集率明 显低于对照组 (Ρ〈0.01), 党参黄芪组合物中剂量组和小剂量组的血小 板聚集率与对照组比较有下降趋势。②当 ΑΑ诱导聚集时, 给药前各组 间血小板聚集率无明显差异; 给药后党参黄芪组合物大剂量组和中剂 量组的血小板聚集率均明显低于对照组 (Ρ〈0.05〜0.01), 党参黄芪组合 物小剂量组的血小板聚集率与对照组比较无明显差异; 丹参注射液组 的血小板聚集率明显低于对照组 (Ρ〈0.05); 赖氨匹林组的血小板聚集 率显著低于对照组 (Ρ<0.001)。③当胶原诱导聚集时, 给药前各组间血 小板聚集率无明显差异, 给药后赖氨匹林组的血小板聚集率显著低于 对照组 (Ρ<0.001), 其它各组的血小板聚集率与对照组比较均无明显差 。
上述结果表明: 连续 3天静脉注射给药, 党参黄芪组合物 5g生药 /kg明显降低二磷酸腺苷 (ADP)和花生四烯酸 (AA)诱导的家兔血小板聚 集率 (P<0.05〜0.01),党参黄芪组合物 2.5g生药 Zkg明显降低 AA诱导 的家兔血小板聚集率 (P<0.05)。 提示党参黄芪组合物具有抑制血小板 聚集的作用。
实验例 9
1实验药物 党参、黄芪提取组合物: 按上述实施例制备的党参、黄芪提取组合 物, 其中每 20ml中含等量党参、 黄芪提取物 3. 25g, 实验时将之水浴 浓缩 2ml至 lml, 流通蒸汽消毒 40分钟灭菌。
LPS: (美国 Sigma公司, 粉剂, 使用前用无菌生理盐水稀释)。 地塞米松: (成都第一制药厂)
2实验动物: Wistar大鼠 (四川大学华西校区动物中心提供, 微 生物控制等级二级)
3实验方法:
分组:
将 60只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、 造模组 (LPS+NS组)、 地塞米 松干预(治疗)组(LPS+DEX组) 以及参芪扶正注射液干预(治疗)组 (LPS+SQ组) 四组, 其中造模组、 LPS+DEX组和 LPS+SQ组每组分为 1 小时、 2小时、 4小时 3个时相小组, 共 10小组, 每小组 6只大鼠用 于实验。
实验方法:
1、 准备工作
实验前三天对实验中所需器械、容器及移液等均高温高压消 毒, 烘干待用; 部分涉及提取总 R A的实验用品予 DEPC水浸泡 过夜后消毒烘干。
2、 ALI模型制备及给药方法
LPS+SQ组共 18只大鼠于造模前 1周每天腹腔注射党参、 黄 芪提取组合物 2ml进行预处理; LPS+DEX组 18只大鼠于造模前 2 小时腹腔注射地塞米松 50mg/kg; LPS+NS组 18只大鼠于造模前 2 小时注射生理盐水。除正常对照组外, 上述三组均在实验时尾静 脉注射 LPS (4mg/kg)。
3、 标本采集
所有动物均于设定时相点, 予水合氯醛腹腔注射麻醉后, 经颈动 脉釆血 2ml, 800gr/min离心 8分钟, 吸取上清液置零下 20度冰 箱备用; 开胸取右肺下叶置于经 DEPC水处理后的 EP管中, 立即 放入零下 70度低温冰箱冻存供提取总 RNA; 取右肺上叶于 10°/。 甲醛液中浸泡固定; 取左肺测肺湿干重比值。 4、 于相应定时点, 取动物肺组织进行肉眼观察和 HE染色方法光 镜下观察, 同时测量其湿 /干重比例。
实验结果:
所有实验动物尾静脉注射 LPS后,均出现呼吸急促,口唇发绀,精神 萎靡,少动少食,尤以 LPS+NS组各时相点明显,而 LPS+DEX组和 LPS+SQ 组表现相对较轻,持续时间较短。在实验所设定的各时相点所有动物均 存活。
大体观察
正常对照组肺组织呈白色略红, 组织柔软有弹性; LPS+NS lh组肺 上即观察到充血、 水肿, 表面偶见散在瘀点; 2h组见肺表面呈暗红色, 明显充血水肿, 可见片状瘀斑及出血灶; 4h组肺大体情况与 2h相似。 LPS+DEX组及 LPS+SQ组大体观察较 LPS+NS组同时相点有不同程度减 轻。
光镜观察
与大体观察结果基本一致。 正常对照组肺组织结构清晰, 肺泡壁 薄, 肺间质水肿、 增宽, 炎性细胞浸润, 急性肺损伤病理程度分级多 为轻度; 2h组肺细胞损伤最明显, 可见肺间质明显增宽、 渗出、 水肿, 透明膜形成, 肺泡出血, 大量炎性细胞浸润, ALI病理程度分级为中到 重度; 4h组肺细胞损伤程度与 2h组基本相同, ALI病理程度分级多为 中度; LPS+NS组相同点均有不同程度减轻。各组肺损伤病理程度分级见 表 15。
各组肺损伤程度病理分级
Figure imgf000024_0001
秩和捡验显示: 在造模组与各干预组间 lh时点病理变化差异不明 显(p〉0. 05), 2h及 4h时点病理改变差异有显著性(p<0. 05) ;各干预 组内不同时点比较, LPS+NS组差异明显(p<0. 05), LPS+DEX组和 LPS+SQ 组内差别无统计学意义 (p〉0. 05 )。
肺湿 /干比值 (W/D)变化
LPS+NS 组各时相点肺 W/D 均明显高于正常对照组 (p<0. 05); LPS+DEX组及 LPS+SQ组同一时相点降低(P<0. 05)。 见表 16。
表 16 各组肺 W/D变化
Figure imgf000025_0001
注: *: 与正常对照组比较 ρ 〈0. 05; Δ: 同时相点 LPS+NS组比较 p<0. 05 干预组内各时相点与 lh时相点比较 p〈0. 05
工业实用性
经动物试验和临床试验表明, 本发明的免疫调节剂具有以下作用:
1.可以补脾益肾, 治疗一切气虚、 气损病人。
2.改善临床症状, 延长胂瘤患者生存期, 具有扶正固本作用。
3.维护造血功能, 减轻放疗及化疗药物的毒副作用, 减少放、 化疗 过程中白细胞下降。
4.增加巨噬细胞吞噬功能, 提高淋巴细胞转化能力等, 是一种理想 的免疫调节剂。 .
5.有一定的抑瘤作用。
通过动物实验证明党参黄芪组合物有如下治疗缺血性心脏病的作 用:
1、党参黄芪组合物具有明显改善犬急性心肌缺血和心肌梗塞的作 用, 明显减轻由心外膜电图标测的心肌缺血程度 (Σ -ST) ; 縮小由心 外膜电图标测的电图标测的心肌缺血范围 (N- ST); 经 N- BT染色所显 示的梗塞区; 显著增加缺血心脏的冠脉血流量; 对心肌缺血及心肌梗 塞引起的血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH) 的释放、 肌酸激酶 CK)活性升高有明 显的作用,同时升高心肌缺血时血浆 6-酮-前列腺素 Fla(6- Keto- PGFla) 和 6- Keto- PGF JXB2的比值。
2、 党参黄芪组合物能够减轻心肌损伤程度, 心肌梗塞面积明显缩 小, 梗塞区重量明显减轻; 降低血清丙二醛 (MDA) 含量。
3、 党参黄芪组合物可降低正常麻醉犬的动脉血压, 减慢心率, 扩 张动脉血管, 降低动脉阻力, 增加心输出量和心捕出量, 降低心肌耗 氧指数, 改善心肌的供血供氧, 并能降低总外周阻力, 对心血管系统 起到调整和改善的作用。
4、 党参黄芪组合物可以明显縮短大鼠外周血栓长度(pZ0. 001 ), 明显减轻血栓湿重和干重 (pZO. 01 ); 明显降低变率 100s— 30s-\ 5s— 1下的全血粘度(pZO. 05)。说明党参黄芪组合物具有抑制血栓形成、 降低血液粘度的作用。
5、 党参黄芪组合物可明显降低二磷酸腺苷 (ADP) 和花生四烯酸 (AA)诱导的家兔血小板聚集率(p Z0. 05~0. 01 )。 表明党参黄芪组合 物具有抑制血小板聚集的作用。
通过进一步的动物实验证实本发明参芪组合物可以明显减轻急性 肺损伤期间的病理改变, 即由脂多糖引起的急性肺损伤的病理改变, 肺组织水肿明显减轻, 与未处理组比较, 肺组织湿 /干重比明显降低, 单独使用本发明的参芪组合物对急性肺损伤的治疗作用几乎相当于单 独使用地塞米松对急性肺损伤的治疗作用。
本发明对传统的中药党参、 黄芪进行了全面的、 系统的研究, 明 确了它们的有效部位, 阐明了该药物的作用机制。 并且有针对性地设 计提取工艺, 在保证药物有效性的同时, 尽可能地去除杂质, 以降低 使用剂量, 减小毒副作用。 方法简单, 实用性强, 并且很有创造性和 启发性, 为中药现代化奠定了坚实的基础。
以上以实施例的方式对本发明进行了说明。 但应该理解的是, 上 述实施例仅仅是为了阐明本发明, 而非限制本发明, 在本发明所附的 权利要求范围内可以作多种修改和变动, 而这些修改和变动也在本发 明的范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种药物组合物, 其特征在于它主要是由党参和黄芪为原料制成。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的药物组合物, 其特征在于所述的党参和黄芪 的重量比范围为 0. 5: 1至 1 : 0. 5。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2任一项所述的药物组合物, 其特征在于所述的 党参和黄芪的重量比为 1 : 1。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的药物组合物, 其特征在于所述的原料药还可 以含有补气、 补血类中药。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的药物组合物, 其特征在于所述的补气、 补血 类中药是当归、 熟地、 何首乌、 白术、 山药或其结合。
6. 一种含有权利要求 1所述的药物组合物的制备方法, 它包括下列步 骤:
a) 将党参、 黄芪除杂质, 加工成饮片;
b ) 按一定重量比称取党参和黄芪, 用去离子水将其冲洗干净; c) 根据称取的党参和黄芪的重量分次加入一定量的去离子水, 加热提取 1〜3次, 得到药物提取物;
d) 将药物提取物浓缩, 得浓縮液;
e) 加入适量乙醇, 常规沉淀, 过滤, 回收滤液中的乙醇并浓缩 至干, 即得党参、 黄芪提取组合物。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其中在步骤 c )中将药物加水提取时, 第一次加水 8倍量, 煎煮 1小时, 第二次加水 6倍量, 煎煮 0. 5小 时。
8. 根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其中在步骤 e ) 中将药物加乙醇沉淀 时, 第一次乙醇含量应占总重量的 65%— 80%, 第二次乙醇含量不少 于总重量的 80%。
9. 如权利要求 1-5所述的党参黄芪组合物在制备调节免疫的药物中的 用途。
10.如权利要求 9所述的用途,其中所述的党参黄芪组合物可以与化疗 药、 放射治疗或其他肿瘤抑制方法结合使用。
11.如权利要求 1-5所述的党参黄芪组合物在制备治疗缺血性心脏病的 药物中的用途。
12.根据权利要求 9所述的用途, 其特征在于所述的缺血性心脏病包括 冠心病、 心肌梗塞、 心肌炎和由心肌缺血、 心肌缺氧导致的其它心 脏病。
13.根据权利要求 9所述的用途, 其特征在于所述的缺血性心脏病包括 由血小板粘稠度增加导致血小板聚集和 /或血栓形成引起的心脏病。
14.根据权利要求 9所述的用途, 其特征在于所述的缺血性心脏病包括 由缺血再灌注性损伤引起的心脏病。
15.如权利要求 1-5所述的党参黄芪组合物在制备由血小板过度聚集引 起的疾病的药物中的用途。
16.根据权利要求 13所述的用途, 其特征在于所述的由血小板聚集引 起的疾病包括中风、 动脉粥样硬化以及外周血管性疾病。
17.如权利要求 1-5所述的党参黄芪组合物在制备预防与治疗急性肺损 伤的药物中的用途。
18.根据权利要求 9-15任一项所述的用途, 其特征在所述组合物是以 注射剂、 片剂、 丸剂、 胶囊剂、 颗粒剂、 溶液、 悬浮剂、 乳剂的形 式使用。
19.根据权利要求 9-15任一项所述的用途, 其特征在于使用所述组合 物的有效剂量范围为 58〜70mg/kg体重 /天。
PCT/CN2004/000056 2003-04-29 2004-01-16 Composition contenant radix codonopsis pilosulae et radix astragali et hedysari, sa methode de production et d'utilisation WO2004096249A1 (fr)

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US10/513,438 US20060110473A1 (en) 2003-04-29 2004-01-16 Composition containing radix codonopsis pilosulae and radix astragali and hedysari, method of producing it and use thereof
EP04702624A EP1523988B1 (en) 2003-04-29 2004-01-16 Composition comprising radix codonopsis pilosulae and radix astragali for the treatment of acute lung injury
JP2006504191A JP2006524639A (ja) 2003-04-29 2004-01-16 党参および黄耆の組成物、それらの調製方法およびその使用
DE602004015219T DE602004015219D1 (de) 2003-04-29 2004-01-16 Zusammensetzung mit radix codonopsis pilosulae und radix astragali zur behandlung von akuten lungenverletzungen
HK05105105.6A HK1072374A1 (en) 2003-04-29 2005-06-20 Composition comprising radix codonopsis pilosulae and radix astragali for the treatment of acute lung injury
US12/112,203 US20080206374A1 (en) 2003-04-29 2008-04-30 Composition of Radix Codonopsis and Radix Astragali, a Method for Preparation Thereof and its Application
US12/112,217 US20080206375A1 (en) 2003-04-29 2008-04-30 Composition of Radix Codonopsis and Radix Astragali, a Method for Preparation Thereof and its Application
US12/399,783 US20090169660A1 (en) 2003-04-29 2009-03-06 A composition of radix codonopsis and radix astragali, a method for preparation thereof and its application

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CN03123045.8 2003-04-29
CNA031230458A CN1513497A (zh) 2003-04-29 2003-04-29 一种调节免疫的组合物药物及其制备方法
CN03137351.8 2003-06-18
CN 03137351 CN1245172C (zh) 2003-06-18 2003-06-18 党参黄芪组合物在制备治疗缺血性心脏病的药物中的用途
CN03156284.1 2003-09-02
CN 03156284 CN1284547C (zh) 2003-09-02 2003-09-02 党参黄芪组合物在预防与治疗急性肺损伤中的用途

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US20080206374A1 (en) 2008-08-28
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