WO1999003793A1 - Couche intermediaire pour verre feuillete et verre feuillete - Google Patents
Couche intermediaire pour verre feuillete et verre feuillete Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999003793A1 WO1999003793A1 PCT/JP1998/001341 JP9801341W WO9903793A1 WO 1999003793 A1 WO1999003793 A1 WO 1999003793A1 JP 9801341 W JP9801341 W JP 9801341W WO 9903793 A1 WO9903793 A1 WO 9903793A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- parts
- laminated glass
- acid
- resin
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
- C03C27/10—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10688—Adjustment of the adherence to the glass layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/258—Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or compound thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/269—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension including synthetic resin or polymer layer or component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31627—Next to aldehyde or ketone condensation product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31627—Next to aldehyde or ketone condensation product
- Y10T428/3163—Next to acetal of polymerized unsaturated alcohol [e.g., formal butyral, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- a laminated glass in which an interlayer made of plasticized polyvinyl butyral is drilled between at least two glass plates has good transparency, weather resistance and adhesiveness, and has good penetration resistance, and glass fragments. It has the basic performance required for laminated glass, such as hard to scatter, and is widely used, for example, for window glasses of automobiles and buildings.
- This kind of laminated glass has good basic performance and excellent safety, but has poor moisture resistance. That is, when the laminated glass is placed in an atmosphere having a high humidity, the intermediate film in the periphery of the laminated glass is in direct contact with the environmental air, so that there is a problem that the peripheral intermediate film is whitened.
- This whitening phenomenon involves an additive for adjusting the adhesive strength between the interlayer film and the glass described below.
- the adhesive strength between the interlayer film and the glass In order to sufficiently exhibit the function as the laminated glass, it is necessary to adjust the adhesive strength between the interlayer film and the glass so as to be within an appropriate range. That is, if the adhesive strength between the interlayer film and the glass is too weak, glass fragments damaged by external impacts, etc., may come off from the interlayer film and scatter and increase the risk of injury to the human body. If the adhesion between the interlayer and the glass is too strong, the glass and the interlayer may be damaged at the same time due to an external impact, etc. Get higher.
- the adhesive strength between the interlayer and the glass is within an appropriate range, the glass is damaged in a wide range, and the glass is damaged, and at the same time, the partial interface separation between the interlayer and the glass is caused. Occurs, and the interlayer is stretched, so that the effect of absorbing shock and the effect of preventing penetration are increased.
- the driver or passenger may collide with the glass.
- the adhesive strength between the interlayer film and the glass so as to be within an appropriate range as described above.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-42770 discloses a laminated glass comprising a polyvinyl acetal resin composition containing 0.2 to 0.8% by weight of water and a specific amount of a specific metal alkyl carboxylate as an adhesion regulator.
- An intermediate film for use has been proposed.
- the interlayer according to the above proposal can be formed by changing the distribution amount of metal alkylcarboxylate in the surface layer portion of the interlayer film and the inner layer portion of the interlayer film, or by changing the water content in the interlayer film. It is intended to adjust the adhesive strength to the proper range.
- the interlayer film containing the metal alkylcarboxylate as proposed above has a reduced moisture resistance, and the laminated glass manufactured using the interlayer film is left in a humid atmosphere.
- the interlayer since the interlayer is in direct contact with air at the periphery of the laminated glass, there is a problem that the amount of metal alkylcarboxylate increases and whitening due to moisture absorption of the interlayer occurs violently.
- the whitening phenomenon of the interlayer film can be prevented by reducing or eliminating the amount of the metal alkylcarboxylate as much as possible.
- the adhesive force between the interlayer film and the glass becomes too strong than an appropriate range, and the There has been a fatal problem as a combined glass in that the glass and the interlayer film are easily damaged and easily penetrated by an impact or the like.
- Intermediate for laminated glass consisting of molded polyvinyl acetate resin containing at least one organic acid selected from citric acid and mixtures thereof in an amount of 0.01 to 3 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resin.
- Membranes have been proposed.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-57772 discloses that in a glass obtained by laminating at least two pieces of glass with a plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin composition, the plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin composition has 10 to 10 carbon atoms.
- a laminated glass characterized by containing 22 sodium metal salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids has been proposed.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-187207 discloses an alkali metal salt of monocarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid as an adhesive force modifier in a plasticized polyvinyl acetate resin interlayer of a laminated glass.
- alkaline earth metal salts it has been proposed to use alkaline earth metal salts.
- a metal salt of a carboxylic acid having a relatively large number of carbon atoms is used as an adhesive force adjuster because it is easily dissolved in a plasticizer contained in an interlayer film.
- JP-A-60-210551 discloses that 100 parts by weight of a plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin is added to a potassium monocarboxylate having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in an amount of 0.02 to 0.4.
- a laminated glass in which at least two pieces of glass are bonded together by an interlayer film containing or adhering 0 parts by weight and a modified silicone oil Q.01 to 0.26 parts by weight.
- this laminated glass prevents the whitening due to long-term moisture absorption, because the metal salt solidifies in the interlayer film and causes whitening. From a point of view, it was not perfect.
- the interlayer film is hygroscopic under a normal atmosphere (humidity), when it is processed into a laminated glass, for example, the water content is set to about 0.5% by weight or less in an atmosphere of 25% RH. It is common practice to adjust the humidity and perform the processing. However, since the periphery of the laminated glass is usually exposed, the interlayer absorbs moisture in a high-humidity atmosphere, and the water content increases to about 2 to 3% by weight.
- water collects around a metal salt of a strong ruponic acid having a small number of carbon atoms, such as acetic acid permeate, magnesium acetate, or potassium formate, which is present as fine crystals in the intermediate film, causing a whitening phenomenon.
- a metal salt of a strong ruponic acid having a small number of carbon atoms such as acetic acid permeate, magnesium acetate, or potassium formate
- No. 186,250 discloses a polyvinyl acetal resin, a plasticizer, an aliphatic mono- or dicarboxylic acid having 12 or less carbon atoms or an alkaline earth metal salt and an organic acid. There has been proposed an interlayer film for laminated glass formed from a contained resin composition.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-41040 proposes an interlayer film for laminated glass comprising a resin composition containing a polyvinyl acetal resin, a plasticizer, a metal salt of a carboxylic acid and a linear fatty acid. .
- a resin composition containing a polyvinyl acetal resin, a plasticizer, a metal salt of a carboxylic acid and a linear fatty acid e.g., Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-41040 proposes an interlayer film for laminated glass comprising a resin composition containing a polyvinyl acetal resin, a plasticizer, a metal salt of a carboxylic acid and a linear fatty acid.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention contains a polyvinyl acetal resin as a main component.
- a neutralization step is included in the case of producing a polyvinyl acetal resin.
- sodium salt such as sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogen carbonate
- sodium salt may be used excessively, or a new sodium salt may be generated by neutralization.
- sodium salt remains in the obtained polyvinyl acetal resin. This residual sodium salt becomes particulate during polymerization and drying and promotes aggregation of water when the polyvinyl acetate resin absorbs water.Therefore, whitening due to moisture absorption of the obtained interlayer film for laminated glass is large.
- sodium salt may remain in polyvinyl alcohol in some cases, and this sodium salt may cause whitening due to moisture absorption of the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and aims at solving the above problems without impairing the basic performance required for laminated glass, such as transparency, weather resistance, adhesion, and penetration resistance, while maintaining humidity.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass in which the peripheral portion of the laminated glass is less whitened even when placed in an atmosphere having a high temperature, and a laminated glass using the same. You.
- the present invention relates to an interlayer film for a laminated glass comprising a plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin film, wherein the interlayer film having a thickness of 0.3 to 0.8 mm is immersed in water at 23 ° C. for 24 hours.
- This is an interlayer film for laminated glass having a haze of 50% or less.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention has a haze of 24% or less when the intermediate film having a thickness of 0.3 to 0.8 mm is immersed in water at 23 ° C. after 24 hours.
- the present inventors have found that when an intermediate film having a thickness of 0.3 to 0.8 mm is immersed in water at 23 ° C., the haze after 24 hours is 50% or less. The present inventors have found that even when the film is placed in a humid atmosphere, the peripheral portion of the laminated glass is less whitened and has excellent moisture resistance, and thus completed the present invention.
- the haze means that when an intermediate film having a thickness of 0.3 to 0.8 mm is immersed in water at 23 ° C, an integrating turbidity meter is used after 24 hours. Shall mean the value measured.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is made of a plastic polyvinyl acetal resin film, and the plastic polyvinyl acetal resin film is mainly composed of a polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin preferably has an average acetalization degree of 40 to 75 mol%. If the amount is less than 40 mol%, the compatibility with the plasticizer is reduced, and it may be difficult to mix the amount of the plasticizer necessary for ensuring the penetration resistance. If the amount exceeds 75 mol%, the mechanical strength of the obtained interlayer film for laminated glass decreases, and a long reaction time is required to obtain a resin, which may be unfavorable in terms of process. More preferably, it is 60 to 75 mol%. When the amount is less than 60 mol%, hygroscopicity is increased, so that whitening may easily occur. More preferably, it is 64 to 71 mol%.
- the vinyl acetate component is Those having 30 mol% or less are preferred. If it exceeds 30 mol%, blocking tends to occur during the production of the resin, which makes the production difficult. Preferably, it is at most 19 mol%.
- the plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin is composed of a vinyl acetal component, a vinyl alcohol component, and a vinyl acetate component, and the amounts of these components are determined, for example, according to JISK 6728 “Polyvinyl butyral test method” and nuclei. It can be measured based on the magnetic resonance method (NMR).
- the amount of the vinyl alcohol component and the amount of the vinyl acetate component are measured, and the amount of the remaining vinyl acetal component is subtracted from 100 to subtract the amounts of both components. It can be calculated by
- the polyvinyl acetate resin can be produced by a conventionally known method.
- polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in warm water, and the obtained aqueous solution is kept at a predetermined temperature, for example, 0 to 95 ° C., preferably 10 to 20 ° C., and the required acid catalyst and aldehyde are maintained.
- the acetalization reaction is allowed to proceed with stirring. Then, the reaction temperature is raised to 70 ° C. to ripen to complete the reaction, and thereafter, neutralization, washing and drying are performed to obtain a polyvinyl acetal resin powder.
- polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization of 500 to 500 is preferable, and one having an average degree of polymerization of 100 to 250 is more preferable. If it is less than 500, the penetration resistance of the obtained laminated glass may decrease. If it exceeds 500, molding of the resin film may become difficult, and the strength of the resin film may be too strong.
- the degree of oxidation of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 70 mol% or more. If it is less than 70 mol%, the transparency and heat resistance of the resin may be reduced, and the reactivity may also be reduced. More preferably, it is 95 mol% or more.
- the average degree of polymerization and degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol can be measured, for example, based on JISK 672 26 “Polyvinyl alcohol test method”.
- the aldehyde is preferably an aldehyde having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. If the number of carbon atoms is less than 3, sufficient moldability of the resin film may not be obtained. If it exceeds 10, the reactivity of acetalization decreases, and moreover, resin block tends to be generated during the reaction, which makes it difficult to synthesize the resin.
- the aldehyde is not particularly restricted but includes, for example, propionaldehyde, n-butyl aldehyde, isobutyl aldehyde, barrel aldehyde, n-hexyl aldehyde, 2-ethylbutyl aldehyde, n-heptyl aldehyde, Examples include aliphatic, aromatic, and alicyclic aldehydes such as n-octylaldehyde, n-nonylaldehyde, n_decylaldehyde, benzaldehyde, and cinnamaldehyde.
- n-butyl aldehyde Preferred are n-butyl aldehyde, n-hexyl aldehyde, 2-ethylbutyl aldehyde and ⁇ -octyl aldehyde having 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the n-butyl aldehyde having 4 carbon atoms is more preferable because use of the obtained polyvinyl acetal resin increases the adhesive strength of each resin film, is excellent in weather resistance, and facilitates the production of the resin. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the particle diameter of the sodium salt in the interlayer is preferably 10 m or less. More preferably, it is 5 / zm or less. In addition, the particle size of the magnesium salt in the interlayer is preferably 5 ⁇ rn or less.
- the particle size of the sodium salt exceeds 10 m or the particle size of the sodium salt exceeds 5 im, the aggregation of water may be promoted. It can be a major cause of whitening.
- the particle size of the sodium salt and the particle size of the sodium lime refers to the particle size in the interlayer, and the particle size of the sodium salt and the particle size of the sodium lime in the polyvinyl acetal resin which is the main raw material. Although the particle size may decrease during the film formation process, the particle size may be maintained, so that the particle size of the sodium salt and the particle size of the sodium salt of the polyvinyl acetal resin must be within the above ranges. Is preferred.
- the particle size of the sodium salt and potassium salt in the intermediate film can be measured by imaging a secondary ion image using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS).
- the sodium concentration is preferably 50 ppm or less.
- the concentration of potassium in the intermediate film is preferably 100 ppm or less. More preferably, the sodium concentration is 0.5 ppm or more and 15 ppin or less, and the power stream concentration is 0.5 ppm or more and 100 ppm or less.
- the concentrations of sodium and potassium in the intermediate film can be quantified by ICP light-emitting elemental analysis.
- ICP emission elemental analysis is a method in which a sample is heated and decomposed with sulfuric acid and nitric acid, the decomposed product is quantified by ultrapure water, and then quantified by the ICCP-AES method.
- Incorporation of the above-mentioned sodium and Z or power lime may be, for example, in the preparation of a polyvinyl acetal resin, in order to neutralize an acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid used for the reaction, for example, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, or sodium acetate.
- an acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid used for the reaction, for example, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, or sodium acetate.
- sodium hydroxide, carbon dioxide lime, bicarbonate lime, acetic acid lime, hydroxylation lime, etc. due to the use of a neutralizing agent containing a sodium element or a power lime element.
- the neutralization step is a step in which an acid catalyst such as hydrochloric acid (HC 1), which is indispensable in the reaction of forming the polyvinyl acetal resin, remains in the resin. It can prevent self-deterioration.
- HC 1 hydrochloric acid
- an alkaline metal salt and an alkaline earth metal salt can be used as the neutralizing agent.
- Alkaline earth metals unlike alkali metals, are preferred in that they can suppress whitening under high humidity even if they remain in the interlayer in large amounts.
- alkaline earth metal salts examples include magnesium hydrogen carbonate and magnesium hydroxide.
- Magnesium salts such as magnesium and basic magnesium carbonate; barium salts such as barium hydroxide; calcium salts such as calcium hydroxide.
- the above-mentioned sodium and Z or potassium hydroxide may be mixed with a sodium or potassium salt such as carboxylic acid or octylic acid as an adhesive force adjuster if the sodium or sodium element used in water or raw materials, particularly polyvinyl alcohol, is used. It also contains potassium elements, which may also occur when they remain in the intermediate film.
- a sodium or potassium salt such as carboxylic acid or octylic acid as an adhesive force adjuster if the sodium or sodium element used in water or raw materials, particularly polyvinyl alcohol, is used. It also contains potassium elements, which may also occur when they remain in the intermediate film.
- the alkali metal contained in the pure water can be reduced to 1 ppm or less by using, for example, ion-exchanged water.
- the alkali metal contained in polyvinyl alcohol is derived from sodium acetate produced when polyvinyl acetate is converted in the process of producing a raw material of polyvinyl alcohol. The amount is usually between 0.4 and 1.5% by weight.
- the polyvinyl alcohol raw material having a sodium acetate content of 0.4% by weight or less, it is possible to reduce the difficult-to-clean sodium element contained in the resin, and to stably improve the cleaning by strengthening the cleaning.
- the sodium element can be reduced to 50 ppm or less.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin may be washed with water until the pH becomes 5 or more and further dried at 60 ° C. or less without performing the neutralization step.
- the alkali metal content that causes whitening of the obtained resin film can be suppressed to a predetermined amount or less.
- TC relatively low temperature of 6
- the resin does not swell sufficiently and the effect is hard to increase. If the washing water is higher than 60 ° C., the resin is degraded, the particles coalesce and a block is formed, and a stable particle size may not be obtained. No significant improvement in the effect can be expected compared to water at 60 ° C, which is wasteful in terms of energy.
- Epoxy is used as a terminator for reaction and a hydrochloric acid remover when polyvinyl alcohol, hydrochloric acid catalyst and aldehyde are subjected to acetalization reaction to synthesize polyvinyl acetate resin in order to prevent the above-mentioned sodium and sodium hydroxide from being mixed.
- acetalization reaction to synthesize polyvinyl acetate resin in order to prevent the above-mentioned sodium and sodium hydroxide from being mixed.
- the epoxide is represented by the following general formula (I)
- R 1 and R 2 represent hydrogen or an alkyl group.
- N represents an integer of 0 to 3.
- 1,2-epoxide 1 such as trimethylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, etc. , 3-epoxide, 1,4-epoxide, 1,5-epoxide and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are particularly preferable.
- an effective amount capable of stopping the reaction and removing hydrochloric acid can be used.
- the acetalization reaction is stopped by using an epoxide instead of the neutralizing agent for the hydrochloric acid catalyst, and the hydrochloric acid is further removed, whereby the alkali metal is mixed, and the resin due to the residual acid catalyst is removed. Degradation can be prevented.
- the interlayer film for a laminated glass is formed by adding a dispersant in order to more effectively prevent whitening under high humidity.
- Examples of the dispersant include a compound capable of forming a complex with a sodium salt and a potassium salt. And an organic acid compatible with the resin and the plasticizer and an amine compatible with the resin and the plasticizer.
- the compound capable of forming a complex with the sodium salt and potassium salt is made of a metal salt such as a sodium salt and potassium salt by making the periphery of the metal hydrophobic so that water is hardly accessible. Even if it absorbs moisture, it is possible to suppress whitening of the obtained interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the compound capable of forming a complex with the above-mentioned sodium and potassium salts is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, salicylaldehyde, salicylic acid, salicylanilide, oxalic acid, and 1,10-phenanthroline. Acetylaceton, 8-hydroxyquinoline, dimethylglyoxime, 1,1-cyclohexanediacetic acid, salicylaldoxime, glycine and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the compound capable of forming a complex with the sodium and magnesium salts depends on the amount of the metal salt remaining in the polyvinyl acetal resin, but is preferably 0.00 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin. Preferably it is 2 to 2 parts by weight. If the amount is less than 0.02 parts by weight, the effect of preventing whitening due to moisture absorption may be insufficient.If the amount exceeds 2 parts by weight, compatibility with the polyvinyl acetal resin becomes poor, and there is a problem in transparency. May occur. More preferably, it is 0.05 to 1 part by weight.
- the dispersant an organic acid compatible with the resin and the plasticizer and an amine compatible with the resin and the plasticizer can be used.
- Organic acids compatible with the resin and plasticizer include sulfonic acid having 2 to 21 carbon atoms, carboxylic acid having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and represented by the following general formula (II). At least one member can be used from the group consisting of phosphoric acid.
- R 3 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- IT is a hydrogen atom, Represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- sulfonic acid having 2 to 21 carbon atoms an aliphatic sulfonic acid, an aromatic sulfonic acid and the like can be used.
- the sulfonic acid having 2 to 21 carbon atoms is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, alkylsulfonic acid having 2 to 21 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
- the addition amount of the sulfonic acid having 2 to 21 carbon atoms is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetate resin. If the amount is less than 0.1 parts by weight, the effect of preventing whitening due to moisture absorption may be insufficient.If the amount exceeds 2 parts by weight, the deterioration of the resin is promoted or the sulfonic acid itself causes the whitening. It may be. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.3 to 1 part by weight.
- the compatibility with the polyvinyl acetal resin becomes poor due to high hydrophilicity, and the dispersion may be insufficient.
- the number of carbon atoms exceeds 20, the polymer becomes hydrophobic and the compatibility with the polyvinyl acetal resin is deteriorated, so that phase separation may occur. More preferably, it has 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the carboxylic acid having 2 to 20 carbon atoms include aliphatic carboxylic acids and aromatic carboxylic acids. And the like can be used. Further, it may be a dicarboxylic acid.
- the carboxylic acid having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, octanoic acid, 2-ethylhexylic acid, lauric acid, Myristic acid, stearic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, sebacic acid, oleic acid, benzoic acid, toluic acid, naphthoic acid, 1.1-cyclohexanediacetic acid, Salicylic acid and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the addition amount of the carboxylic acid having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetate resin. If the amount is less than 0.01 part by weight, the effect of preventing whitening due to moisture absorption may be insufficient. If the amount is more than 3 parts by weight, compatibility with the resin becomes poor, causing a problem in transparency, There is a possibility that the deterioration of the resin may be accelerated. More preferably, it is 0.05 to 1 part by weight.
- R 3 and R 4 of the phosphoric acid represented by the above general formula (II) if the number of carbon atoms of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group or the aromatic hydrocarbon group exceeds 18, it becomes hydrophobic.
- Compatibility with polyvinyl acetal resin may be impaired. More preferably, it has 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the phosphoric acid represented by the general formula (II) is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, methyl phosphoric acid, ethyl phosphoric acid, propyl phosphoric acid, isopropyl phosphoric acid, butyl phosphoric acid, lauryl phosphoric acid, and stearyl phosphoric acid.
- the amount of phosphoric acid represented by the general formula (II) is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin. If the amount is less than 0.01 part by weight, the effect of preventing whitening due to moisture absorption may be insufficient.If the amount exceeds 2 parts by weight, the deterioration of the resin is promoted or the phosphoric acid itself causes whitening. May be. More preferably, it is 0.3 to 3 parts by weight.
- the organic acid compatible with the resin and the plasticizer is used together with the amine compatible with the resin and the plasticizer. As the amine compatible with the resin and the plasticizer, those represented by the following general formula (III) can be suitably used.
- R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. R 5 , R 6 and R 7 may be the same or different.
- R 5 , R s and R 7 is preferably a long chain, and more preferably, R 5 and R 8 are a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms, R 7 Is a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms.
- the amine represented by the general formula (III) is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, hexylamine, octylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, tetradecylamine, aniline, Primary amines such as triluidine and naphthylamine; secondary amines such as dimethylamine, getylamine, dipropylamine, dihexylamine, dioctylamine and N-methylaniline; trimethylamine, triethylamine, N, N-dimethylhexylamine, N, N-dimethyloctylamine, N, N-dimethyldecylamine, N, N-dimethyldodecylamine, N, N-dimethylaniline, pyridine, etc. Tertiary amines and the like can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.o
- the amount of the amine represented by the general formula (III) is 10 or more. 0.0 1 to 2 parts by weight, preferably 0 to 2 parts by weight No. If the amount is less than 0.01 part by weight, the effect of preventing whitening due to moisture absorption may be insufficient.If the amount is more than 2 parts by weight, compatibility with the resin becomes poor, and a problem may occur in transparency.
- the intermediate film may be colored. More preferably, it is 0.02 to 1 part by weight.
- the amount of the amine represented by the general formula (III) is 10%.
- the amount is 0.01 to 3 parts by weight with respect to 0 parts by weight. If the amount is less than 0.01 part by weight, the effect of preventing whitening due to moisture absorption may be insufficient.If the amount exceeds 3 parts by weight, compatibility with the resin becomes poor, and a problem may occur in transparency.
- the intermediate film may be colored. More preferably, it is 0.05 to 1 part by weight.
- the amount of the amine represented by the general formula (III) is limited to the amount of polyvinyl acetal.
- the amount is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin. If the amount is less than 0.01 part by weight, the effect of preventing whitening due to moisture absorption may be insufficient. If the amount is more than 2 parts by weight, compatibility with the resin becomes poor, causing a problem in transparency,
- the intermediate film may be colored. More preferably, it is 0.05 to 1 part by weight.
- the organic acid compatible with the resin and the plasticizer used as the dispersant and the amine compatible with the resin and the plasticizer are sulfonyl ion, carboquinol ion, phosphate ion, and ammonium ion, respectively. It becomes an ion or the like, acts on the surface of the particulate metal salt present in the polybutyl acetal resin, and binds to the metal ion constituting the metal salt and its counter ion. Then, by kneading the resin during film formation, the metal salt to which these ions are bonded is dispersed in the resin, and as a result, the particulate metal salt becomes smaller or disappears. For this reason, local aggregation of water is suppressed, and even if the polyvinyl acetal resin absorbs moisture, whitening of the obtained interlayer film for laminated glass can be suppressed.
- the interlayer film for a laminated glass contains at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt and an alkaline earth metal salt as an adhesive force adjuster. Preferably.
- alkali metal salts and earth metal salts are not particularly limited, and include, for example, salts of potassium, sodium, magnesium and the like.
- the salt include organic acids such as carboxylic acids such as octylic acid, hexylic acid, butyric acid, acetic acid, and formic acid; and inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
- the alkali metal salt and alkaline earth metal salt may be an alkali metal salt of an organic acid having 5 to 16 carbon atoms and an alkaline earth metal salt of an organic acid having 5 to 16 carbon atoms. More preferred. More preferred is a magnesium salt of a carboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the magnesium salt of the above carboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid is not particularly limited.
- magnesium glutarate, magnesium adipate, and the like magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate, magnesium valerate, magnesium hexanoate, magnesium heptanoate, magnesium octanoate, magnesium nonanoate, decanoic acid
- the magnesium salt of carboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid having 6 to 10 carbon atoms exists in the form of a salt without being ionized in the film, and attracts water molecules to thereby increase the adhesive force between the intermediate film and the glass. It is thought that it has become possible to suppress this, and it is possible to improve the penetration resistance of the obtained laminated glass. Furthermore, since it is distributed at a high concentration on the film surface without agglomeration in the film, it exhibits an adhesive force adjusting effect with a small amount and does not cause excessive whitening during moisture absorption.
- the metal salt and the alkaline earth metal salt preferably have a particle size of 3 m or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ or less. If it exceeds 3 m, water molecules gathered around the alkali metal salt and / or alkaline earth metal salt grow to a size that can be visualized, so that the whitening becomes remarkable, which may be undesirable.
- the means for reducing the particle size to 3 / m or less is not particularly limited.
- a method using a compound which is easily soluble in a polyvinyl acetal resin or a plasticizer as an adhesive force adjuster Even if the compound is difficult to dissolve in the cetal resin or the plasticizer, it is difficult to coagulate in the polyvinyl acetal resin or the plasticizer.
- a method in which a dispersant or a compatibilizer that disperses them are used in combination.
- a polyvinyl butyral resin is used as a polyvinyl acetal resin, and triethylene glycol is used as a plasticizer.
- an organic acid salt such as magnesium octoate, magnesium neodecanoate, magnesium adipate and the like can be mentioned, and one or more of these are suitably used.
- Examples of the compound which is difficult to dissolve in the above-mentioned compound but hardly coagulate in the compound include, for example, magnesium salts of inorganic acids such as magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate and the like, and one or more of these are preferably used. .
- the dispersant or compatibilizer that can disperse the compound that is difficult to dissolve in the above-mentioned compound in combination is not particularly limited, but, for example, alcohols such as ethanol and octyl alcohol, etc. Long chain organic acids and the like can be mentioned, and one or more of these are suitably used.
- a method using a compound which is easily soluble in a polyvinyl acetal resin or a plasticizer itself is most preferable, and then, a method using a compound which is hardly aggregated in the polyvinyl acetal resin or the plasticizer. Is preferred.
- the alkali metal salt and the alkaline metal salt preferably have the same structure as the acid component of the diester compound.
- the acid component of the diester compound used as a plasticizer By having a structure similar to that of the acid component of the diester compound used as a plasticizer, it can be stably and uniformly dispersed in the film, and does not change with time.
- triethylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate (hereinafter, also referred to as “3GH") or dihexyl adipate (hereinafter, also referred to as “DHA”)
- the number of carbon atoms is used as an adhesive force regulator.
- the metal salt of carboxylic acid 5 or 6 it is possible to prevent a decrease in the adhesive force between the interlayer and the glass over time, and it is possible to prevent both whitening and a decrease in the adhesive force over time. It is preferred.
- triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (hereinafter also referred to as “3GO”) is used as a plasticizer, it has 6 to 8 carbon atoms.
- a metal salt of a carboxylic acid is contained.
- tetraethylene glycol mono-l-hexyl hexanoate hereinafter also referred to as "4GO"
- a metal salt of a carboxylic acid having 6 or 7 carbon atoms is contained.
- triethylene glycol-l-heptanol (3G7) and tetraethyleneglycol-diheptanol are used.
- 1G (4G7) a side chain type plasticizer such as 3GH, 3GO, and 4GO, which does not easily cause hydrolysis, or an adjuvant system such as DHA. It is preferred to use a type of plasticizer.
- the above-mentioned 3GH has a long track record as a plasticizer for an intermediate film, and the organic acid component of the raw material is a side chain type, compared to 3G7 and 4G7 etc. which are linear types. This has the advantage that hydrolysis is unlikely to occur.
- the above 3GO or 4GO has an advantage that it has a higher boiling point than 3GH and therefore is less likely to be volatilized during film formation or lamination.
- the above 3GH, 3GO. 4GO and DHA may be used alone or in combination with other plasticizers described later.
- the combination ratio of the above 3GH, 3GO, 4GO and DHA with other plasticizers is not particularly limited, but the combined amount of the other plasticizers is 3GH, 3GO, 4GO and D Preferably, it is less than 50% by weight of the HA plasticizer. If the content is 50% by weight or more, the properties of the above 3GH, 3GO, 4GO and DHA are weakened by other plasticizers, so that the effect of the adhesive force modifier used correspondingly to these is sufficient. May not be exhibited.
- the metal salt of a carboxylic acid as an adhesive force modifier used when setting the plasticizer in the above-mentioned intermediate film to a specific one is not particularly limited, but a metal pentanoate salt (carbon number) 5) Metal salts of hexanoic acid (2-ethylbutanoic acid) (carbon number 6), metal salts of heptanoic acid (carbon number 7), metal salts of octanoic acid (carbon number 8) and the like. Depending on the type, one or more of these are suitably used.
- the carboxylic acid may be a straight-chain type or a side-chain type.
- the carboxylic acid is a metal salt having too small a carbon number
- the resulting intermediate film may have insufficient moisture resistance and may cause a whitening phenomenon to occur.
- the metal salt has too large a carbon number, the effect of preventing the adhesive force between the interlayer and the glass from lowering over time may be insufficient.
- the metal salt of a carboxylic acid as the above-mentioned adhesive force adjuster may be used alone, but it may be used alone, but it may have a carbon number of 1 to 4 such as magnesium formate, magnesium acetate, magnesium propanoate or magnesium butanoate.
- Metal salt-based adhesion regulator may be used alone, but it may be used alone, but it may have a carbon number of 1 to 4 such as magnesium formate, magnesium acetate, magnesium propanoate or magnesium butanoate.
- the amount of addition is 0.01 to 0.2 with respect to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetal resin. Parts by weight are preferred. When the amount is less than 0.01 part by weight, the effect of adjusting the adhesive force is lost, and the penetration resistance of the obtained laminated glass may be reduced. If the amount exceeds 0.2 parts by weight, the transparency of the laminated glass obtained by bleed-out may be impaired, and the adhesive strength between the interlayer and the glass may be excessively reduced. More preferably, the amount is from 0.03 to 0.08 parts by weight.
- the alkali metal salt is a sodium salt
- whitening is particularly likely to occur, so that the sodium concentration is preferably 50 ppm or less.
- the alkali metal salt is a magnesium salt, whitening easily occurs. Therefore, the concentration of the magnesium element is preferably 100 ppm or less.
- the above-mentioned alkaline metal salt and / or alkaline earth metal salt may be added not only as the above-mentioned adhesive force adjusting agent but also for the acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid used in the reaction of the polyvinyl acetate resin.
- the above metal salt was contained in the case where it was derived from the use of an alkaline metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt as a neutralizing agent, or in various raw materials or water used in the reaction of the polyvinyl acetal resin. There are cases.
- the alkaline metal salt and the alkaline earth metal salt as the above-mentioned neutralizing agent can be used as an adhesive force adjusting agent.
- the interlayer film for a laminated glass of the present invention comprises a plastic resin film comprising the above-mentioned polyvinyl acetal resin, a plasticizer, and, if necessary, additives such as the above-mentioned dispersant and adhesive force modifier.
- the plasticizer used in the present invention is used for this kind of interlayer
- a known plasticizer for example, an organic ester plasticizer such as a monobasic acid ester or a polybasic acid ester, or a phosphoric acid plasticizer such as an organic phosphoric acid or an organic phosphorous acid is used.
- the acid esters for example, triethylene glycol, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, caproic acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptanoic acid, n-octylic acid, 2-ethylhexylic acid, pelargonic acid (n-nonylic acid) And glycol-based esters obtained by reaction with an organic acid such as decyl acid.
- esters of tetraethylene glycol and tripropylene glycol with the above organic acids are also used.
- an ester of an organic acid such as adipic acid, sebacic acid or azelaic acid and a linear or branched alcohol having 4 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable.
- organic ester plasticizer examples include triethylene glycol di-2-butyl butyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, and triethylene glycol n-octyl.
- Ethate triethylene glycol di-n-heptate, tetraethylene glycol n -heptitol, other dibutyl sebaguet, dioctylazelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate are preferably used.
- ethylene glycol 2-ethyl butyrate 1, 3-propylene glycol 2-ethyl butyl, 1,4-propylene glycol 2-ethyl butyl butyrate, 1,4-butylene glycol 2-ethyl butyl butyrate, 1,2-butylene glycol 2-Ethylene butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, dimethylene glycol di-2-ethyl hexoate, dipropylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyl butyrate, triethylene glycol di-12-ethyl pentroate, tetraethylene Glyco-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol dicapryte, etc.
- plasticizers are also used as plasticizers.
- phosphate plasticizer tributoxyshethyl phosphate, isodecyl phenyl phosphate, triisopropyl phosphite and the like are preferable.
- a diester compound composed of a dicarboxylic acid and a monohydric alcohol, or a diester compound composed of a dicarboxylic acid and a dihydric alcohol may be blended. preferable.
- the amount of the plasticizer is preferably from 20 to 70 parts by weight, more preferably from 40 to 60 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin. If the amount is less than 20 parts by weight, the penetration resistance of the obtained laminated glass may be reduced. If the amount is more than 70 parts by weight, the plasticizer bleeds, optical distortion increases, and the permeability of the resin film increases. Brightness and adhesiveness may decrease.
- modified silicone oil for controlling the penetration resistance in addition to the dispersant and the adhesive force modifier, modified silicone oil for controlling the penetration resistance, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, a surfactant, a coloring agent, etc.
- Known additives used in the interlayer film for laminated glass described above can be blended.
- modified silicone oil is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an epoxy-modified silicone oil, an ether-modified silicone oil, an ester-modified silicone oil, and a polyamide as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-92950.
- Modified silicone oil Carboxyl modified silicone oil and the like. These modified silicone rolls are generally liquids obtained by reacting a polysiloxane with a compound to be modified.
- Each modified silicone oil represented by (VI) is represented by the structural formula of a block copolymer, but in the present invention, the modified silicone oil represented by the structural formula of a random copolymer is similarly used.
- the above modified silicone oils may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the molecular weight of the modified silicone oil is preferably from 800 to 500. If it is less than 800, localization on the surface is reduced, and if it is more than 50,000, compatibility with the resin becomes poor, and bleed out to the film surface to reduce the adhesive force with glass. . More preferably, it is from 150 to 400.
- the added amount of the modified silicone oil is preferably from 0.01 to 0.2 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin. 0.0 Less than 1 part by weight In this case, the effect of preventing whitening due to moisture absorption is insufficient, and if it exceeds Q.2 parts by weight, the compatibility with the resin will be poor, and it will bleed out on the film surface and the adhesion to glass will be reduced. . More preferably, it is 0.3 to 3 parts by weight.
- the antioxidant is not particularly limited, and may be a phenol-based compound such as t-butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) (“Sumiraida-1 BHT (trade name)” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), tetrakis-1 [methylene-1- (3′—5′—g-t-butyl 4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane (Ilganox 101, manufactured by Ciba-Geigy Co., Ltd.).
- BHT t-butylhydroxytoluene
- the ultraviolet absorber is not particularly limited, and may be a benzotriazole-based one such as 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriabyl (Tinuvin P, manufactured by Ciba Geigy), 2- ( 2'-Hydroxy- 3 ', 5'-T-Butylphenyl benzotriazole (Tinuvin 320, manufactured by Ciba-Geigy), 2- (2'-Hydroxy-1'-t-butyl-5'-Methylphenyl )-5-Black benzotriazole (Tinuvin 326, manufactured by Ciba-Geigy), 2--(2 '-Hydroxy-1 3', 5 'di-amylphenyl) benzotriazole
- hindered amines such as LA-57 (Adeka Gas)
- LA-57 Alka Gas
- the light stabilizer include a hindered amide-based light stabilizer, for example, "Adeka Stab LA-57 (trade name)” manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd.
- surfactant examples include sodium lauryl sulfate and alkylbenzene sulfonic acid.
- the method for producing the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is not particularly limited, a predetermined amount of a plasticizer and other additives as necessary are blended with each of the above-mentioned resins, and these are mixed uniformly. After kneading, the resin film is formed into a sheet by extrusion, calendering, pressing, casting, inflation, or the like to form a resin film, which is used as an intermediate film.
- the overall film thickness of the laminated glass interlayer of the present invention is practically a normal laminated glass interlayer.
- the thickness is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1.6 mm as in the case of the film thickness.
- the glass plate used for the laminated glass not only an inorganic transparent glass plate but also an organic transparent glass plate such as a polycarbonate plate and a polymethyl methacrylate plate can be used.
- the type of the above-mentioned inorganic transparent glass plate is not particularly limited, and various types of inorganic glass such as float plate glass, polished plate glass, template plate glass, netted plate glass, lined plate glass, heat ray absorbing plate glass, and colored plate glass These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, a laminate of an inorganic transparent glass plate and an organic transparent glass plate may be used. The thickness of the glass may be appropriately selected depending on the application, and is not particularly limited.
- an ordinary method for producing laminated glass is employed.
- an intermediate film made of the resin film formed by the above-described method is sandwiched between two transparent glass plates, which is then put into a rubber bag, and the pressure is about 70 to 110 while being suctioned under a low pressure. It was prebonded in C, and then used or pressing using an autoclave, at about 1 2 0 ⁇ 1 5 (TC , is prepared by performing the bonding at a pressure of about 1 0 ⁇ 1 5 kg Z cm 2 .
- the above-mentioned intermediate film formed by forming a plasticized polyvinyl butyral resin is interposed between at least a pair of glass plates. It may be heat-pressed at 60 to 100 ° C. More specifically, a glass plate, an interlayer, and a laminate of Z glass plates are placed in a rubber bag and, for example, in an autoclave, are suctioned and degassed under a reduced pressure of about 500 mm ⁇ 700 mm Hg. However, about 60 to 100. It is performed by heating and pressing at a temperature of C and a pressure of about 1 to 10 kg Z cm 2 for about 10 to 30 minutes, and simultaneously performing degassing and bonding.
- the temperature at the time of thermocompression bonding is limited to the range of 60 to 10 ° C.
- the adhesive strength between the intermediate film and the glass can be adjusted to fall within a desired appropriate range.
- the above-mentioned polyvinyl butyral resin 1 Q 0 parts by weight and triethylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate 40 parts by weight as a plasticizer are mixed, and the mixture is sufficiently melted and kneaded with a mixture of mixins, followed by press molding. Press molding was performed at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain an intermediate film having a thickness of 0.776 mm.
- the particle size of sodium salt and potassium salt in the interlayer was measured using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) (PHI EVANS TFS-2000). As a result of measurement by ion image imaging, the particle size of the sodium salt in the interlayer was 1 // m, and the particle size of the potassium salt was less than 0.5 m.
- TOF-SIMS time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer
- the sample was heated and decomposed with sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and the decomposed product was quantified with ultrapure water, and then the ICP-AES device (“ICAP-57 Type 5 ”) using ICP-AES method is there.
- the laminated glass thus preliminarily bonded was subjected to main bonding in an air type autoclave at a pressure of 12 kgZcm 2 and a temperature of 135 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a transparent laminated glass.
- the obtained laminated glass was subjected to an adhesion test (Pummel test) and a wet whitening resistance test by the following methods.
- Adjust the laminated glass by leaving it at a temperature of --18 ° C ⁇ 0.6 ° C, and hit it with a hammer with a head weight of 0.45 kg to reduce the glass particle size to 6 mm or less. Crush until it becomes. Then, as shown in Table 1, the degree of exposure of the film after partial exfoliation of the glass is determined using a pre-graded limit sample. This is to determine whether the adhesive strength between the glass plate and the interlayer is within a predetermined range.
- Example 3 In the preparation of the resin of Example 1, the washing and water washing steps after adding the neutralizing agent were changed to 1.5 hours. In this case, the sodium element content in the obtained intermediate film was 13 ppm, the particle diameter of the sodium salt was 3 / m, and the particle diameter of the potassium salt was less than 0.5 m.
- Example 3 the sodium element content in the obtained intermediate film was 13 ppm, the particle diameter of the sodium salt was 3 / m, and the particle diameter of the potassium salt was less than 0.5 m.
- Example 4 In the preparation of the resin of Example 1, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the washing and water washing steps after adding the neutralizing agent were changed to 2.5 hours. In this case, the content of the sodium element in the obtained intermediate film was 3 ppm, the particle size of the sodium salt was 0.5 m, and the particle size of the potassium salt was less than 0.5 m.
- Example 4 In the preparation of the resin of Example 1, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the washing and water washing steps after adding the neutralizing agent were changed to 2.5 hours. In this case, the content of the sodium element in the obtained intermediate film was 3 ppm, the particle size of the sodium salt was 0.5 m, and the particle size of the potassium salt was less than 0.5 m. Example 4
- Example 1 In the preparation of the resin of Example 1, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the washing and washing steps after adding the neutralizing agent were changed to 3.5 hours. In this case, the obtained intermediate film had a sodium element content of 0.9 ppm, a sodium salt particle diameter of less than 0.5, and a potassium salt particle diameter of less than 0.5 ⁇ . Comparative Example 1
- Example 2 In the preparation of the resin of Example 1, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the washing and water washing steps after adding the neutralizing agent were changed to 1 hour. In this case, the sodium content in the obtained intermediate film was 17 ppm, and the particle size of the sodium salt was 6 ⁇ . Comparative Example 2 In the preparation of the resin of Example 1, the washing and rinsing steps after adding the neutralizing agent were carried out at 0.
- Example 2 The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was changed to 5 hours.
- the sodium element content in the obtained intermediate film was 35 Dpm, and the particle size of the sodium salt was 13 ⁇ .
- Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the above Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 (Table 2
- reaction system was maintained at 45 ° C for 3 hours to complete the reaction, washed with excess water (30 times the amount of the resin) to wash away unreacted n-butyl aldehyde, and then added hydrochloric acid catalyst.
- hydrochloric acid catalyst was neutralized with an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, which is a general-purpose neutralizing agent, and further washed with excess water for 2 hours and dried to obtain a white powdery polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the vinyl acetal component (degree of vinyl acetate) of this resin was 65.0 mol%, and the vinyl acetate component was 1.1 mol%.
- the content was 23 ppm.
- the particle size of the sodium salt in the interlayer was less than 0.5 m / m, and the particle size of the potassium salt was less than 3 ⁇ m.
- Example 7 In the preparation of the resin of Example 5, the same procedure as in Example 5 was carried out except that the washing and water washing steps after adding the neutralizing agent were changed to 2.5 hours. In this case, the content of the potassium element in the obtained intermediate film was 5 ppm, the particle size of the potassium salt was 1 im, and the particle size of the sodium salt was less than 0.5 m. Example 7
- Example 5 In the preparation of the resin of Example 5, the same procedure as in Example 5 was carried out except that the washing and washing steps after adding the neutralizing agent were changed to 3.5 hours. In this case, the content of potassium element in the obtained intermediate film was 0.7 ppm, the particle size of potassium salt was less than 0.5 / m, and the particle size of sodium salt was less than 0.5 Aim. Comparative Example 3
- Example 5 In the preparation of the resin of Example 5, the same procedure as in Example 5 was carried out except that the washing and water washing steps after adding the neutralizing agent were changed to 1 hour. In this case, the content of the potassium element in the obtained intermediate film was 104 ppm, and the particle size of the potassium salt was 6 ⁇ . Comparative Example 4
- Example 5 In the preparation of the resin of Example 5, the same procedure as in Example 5 was carried out except that the washing and water washing steps after adding the neutralizing agent were changed to 0.5 hours. In this case, the content of the porous element in the obtained intermediate film was 220 ppm, and the particle size of the potassium salt was 9 m.
- reaction system is maintained at 45 ° C for 3 hours to complete the reaction, and washed with an excess of water to wash away unreacted n-butyl aldehyde, and the hydrochloric acid catalyst is converted to a general-purpose neutralizing agent such as hydroxide. Neutralize with sodium aqueous solution, wash with excess water and dry, then white powder A polyvinyl butyral resin was obtained. The degree of acetalization of this resin was 65.0 mol%.
- the above intermediate film is sandwiched between two float glass sheets having a thickness of 2.5 mm, put in a rubber bag, and while being deaerated under a reduced pressure of 600 mm Hg in an autoclave, At the same time, a laminated glass was produced by performing thermocompression bonding at a temperature of 60 ° C. and a pressure of 5 kg / cm 2 for 20 minutes.
- Example 9
- a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 8, except that the temperature at the time of thermocompression bonding was set to 80 ° C. in the production of the laminated glass of Example 8.
- the particle size of the sodium salt in the interlayer was 3 im.
- a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 8, except that the temperature during the thermocompression bonding was set to 100 ° C. in the production of the laminated glass of Example 8.
- the particle content of sodium salt in the interlayer was 3 / zm. Comparative Example 5
- Example 8 In the preparation of the resin of Example 8, a laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 8, except that the washing and water washing steps were changed to slightly shorter times. In this case, the content of the sodium element in the obtained intermediate film was 30 ppm, and the particle size of the sodium salt was 11 m.
- the laminated glass obtained in Examples 8 to 10 and Comparative Example 5 were subjected to an adhesion test (Pummel test) and a heat resistance test by the following methods. The moisture resistance test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the laminated glass After cooling the laminated glass at 120 ° C for 2 hours, it is mounted on an automatic hammering machine, and the entire surface of the laminated glass is uniformly hit with a hammer head, and the glass adhered to the interlayer film of the laminated glass The area of the piece is visually observed, and the adhesive strength (Pummel value) is determined by comparing with the grade sample shown in Table 1.
- the grade sample is a 10-point method with a minimum adhesive strength of 1 point and a maximum of 10 points.
- the automatic hammering equipment used has a hammer head with a bottom surface that is curved with a radius of 50 mm and has an effective impact diameter of 5 mm and a weight of 240 g. The striking force of the head can be adjusted with a spring screw.
- the laminated glass obtained is left for 2 hours in an atmosphere of 130 ° C. based on JIS R 3205 “Laminated glass”, taken out, and visually observed for the presence of foaming.
- Table 4 summarizes the results of Examples 8 to 10 and Comparative Example 5 described above.
- the reaction was maintained at 45 ° C. for 3 hours to complete the reaction, and washed with excess (30 times as much as the resin) water to wash away unreacted n-butyl aldehyde.
- the pH value was 5.1.
- the resin was dehydrated with a centrifugal dehydrator to obtain a resin having a water content of 50%.
- the resin was dried under an atmosphere of 60 ° C. and ⁇ 70 O mmHg to obtain a white powdery polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the degree of acetalization of this resin was 65.0 mol%.
- the above intermediate film is sandwiched between two float glass sheets having a thickness of 2.5 mm, placed in a rubber bag, and simultaneously deaerated under a reduced pressure of 600 mmHg in an autoclave.
- a laminated glass was prepared by performing heat compression under the conditions of a temperature of 60 ° C and a pressure of 5 kgZcma for 20 minutes.
- reaction system was maintained at 45 ° C for 3 hours to complete the reaction, washed with excess water (30 times the resin) to wash away unreacted n-butyl aldehyde, and the hydrochloric acid catalyst was removed.
- Neutralization was carried out using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution which is a general-purpose neutralizing agent. Thereafter, the resultant was washed with water at an excess (30 times the resin) temperature of 50 ° C., and dried to obtain a poly (vinyl butyral) resin in the form of a white powder. The degree of acetalization of this resin was 65.0 mol%.
- the above intermediate film is sandwiched between two float glasses having a thickness of 2.5 mm, put in a rubber bag, and suctioned and deaerated in a autoclave under a reduced pressure of 600 mmHg. at the same time the temperature 6 0 ° C, the thermocompression bonding 2 0 minutes to prepare a laminated glass Te Gyotsu under a pressure of 5 k cm 2.
- Example 14 An intermediate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 12 except that water at a temperature of 60 ° C. was used in washing after neutralization in Example 12. The acetalization degree of this intermediate film was 65.0 mol%. The content of sodium element in the intermediate film was measured by an ICP light-emitting elemental analyzer, and as a result, it was 15 ppm. The particle size of the sodium salt in the interlayer was 4 m.
- Polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 170,0 27.5 g of alcohol was added and dissolved by heating.
- the temperature of the reaction system was adjusted to 12 ° C., 201 g of a 35% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyl aldehyde were added, and the temperature was maintained to precipitate a reaction product.
- reaction system was maintained at 45 ° C for 3 hours to complete the reaction, and washed with excess water to wash away unreacted n-butyl aldehyde.
- the mixture was neutralized with magnesium, washed with excess water, and dried to obtain a white powdery polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the interlayer film is sandwiched between two pieces of float glass having a thickness of 2.5 mm, placed in a rubber bag, and simultaneously deaerated under a reduced pressure of ⁇ 600 mm Hg in an autoclave.
- Laminate glass was produced by performing thermocompression bonding at a temperature of 60 ° C. and a pressure of 5 kcm 2 for 20 minutes.
- the laminated glass obtained in Examples 11 to 14 was subjected to a heat resistance test by the following method. The moisture resistance test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. However, in Example 14, only the moisture resistance test was performed. Evaluation method
- Table 5 summarizes the results of Examples 11 to 14 described above.
- reaction system was maintained at 45 ° C for 3 hours to complete the reaction, washed with excess water (30 times the resin) to wash away unreacted n-butyl aldehyde, and the hydrochloric acid catalyst was removed.
- sodium hydroxide which is a general-purpose neutralizing agent
- the resultant was further washed with excess water and dried to obtain a white powdery polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the degree of acetalization of this resin was 65 mol%.
- Example 16 Same as Example 15 except that 275 g of polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization of 170, a degree of genification of 98.9 mol% and a sodium acetate content of 0.4% by weight was used. Thus, an intermediate film was obtained. The acetalization degree of this interlayer film was 65.0 mol%. As a result of quantifying the content of sodium element in the intermediate film with an ICP emission elemental analyzer, the content was 13 ppm.
- Example 17 Same as Example 15 except that 275 g of polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization of 170, a degree of genification of 98.9 mol% and a sodium acetate content of 0.4% by weight was used. Thus, an intermediate film was obtained. The acetalization degree of this interlayer film was 65.0 mol%. As a result of quantifying the content of sodium element in the intermediate film with an ICP emission elemental analyzer, the content was 13 ppm.
- Example 17 Same as Example 15 except that
- reaction system was maintained at 45 ° C for 3 hours to complete the reaction, washed with excess water (30 times the resin) to wash away unreacted n-butyl aldehyde, and added hydrochloric acid to a solvent.
- washed with excess water (30 times the resin) to wash away unreacted n-butyl aldehyde, and added hydrochloric acid to a solvent.
- the degree of acetalization of this resin was 65 mol%.
- An intermediate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 17 except that ethylene chloride was used as a neutralizing agent for the hydrochloric acid catalyst.
- the acetalization degree of this interlayer was 65 mol%.
- the result was 2 ppm.
- Example 11 Using the intermediate films obtained in Examples 15 to 18 above, the same heat resistance as in Example 11 was used. The test and the same moisture resistance test as in Example 1 were performed, and the results are shown in Table 6.
- the mixture was neutralized with an aqueous sodium solution, washed with excess water for 2 hours, and dried to obtain a white powdery polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the average degree of butyralization of this resin was 64 mol%, and the amount of residual acetyl group was 1 mol%.
- the sodium content in the obtained interlayer film for laminated glass was 1 Op pruru sodium salt, and the particle size was 1 m.
- the particle size of the magnesium salt present in the interlayer film was measured using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) and found to be 0.9 ⁇ m.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass obtained above was cut from both sides with transparent float glass (30 cm in length x 30 cm in width x 3 mm in thickness). After degassing for 20 minutes at a vacuum of 0 rr, the vessel was transferred to an oven while being degassed, and further vacuum-pressed while maintaining the temperature at 90 ° C for 30 minutes.
- the laminated glass preliminarily pressed in this manner was subjected to main pressure bonding in an air autoclave at a temperature of 135 ° C. and a pressure of 12 kgZcm 2 for 20 minutes to obtain a laminated glass.
- Example 19 Same as Example 19 except that 0.09 parts of magnesium neodecanoate was added instead of 0.08 parts of magnesium octanoate as an adhesiveness modifier in the production of the interlayer film for laminated glass Thus, an interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were obtained.
- Example 2 1 The particle size of the magnesium salt present in the interlayer film for a laminated glass obtained above was measured in the same manner as in Example 19, and was 0.5 / m.
- Example 2 1 The particle size of the magnesium salt present in the interlayer film for a laminated glass obtained above was measured in the same manner as in Example 19, and was 0.5 / m.
- Example 22 In the production of the interlayer film for laminated glass, the same procedure as in Example 19 was carried out except that 0.04 part of magnesium chloride was added instead of 0.08 part of magnesium octanoate as an adhesion modifier. Thus, an interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were obtained. The particle size of the magnesium salt present in the interlayer film for a laminated glass obtained above was measured in the same manner as in Example 19, and it was 2.
- the average degree of polymerization was 170,000 in the same manner as in Example 19 except that a basic magnesium carbonate was used instead of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution as a neutralizing agent.
- a white powdery polyvinyl butyral resin having an average degree of butyralization of 64 mol% and a residual acetyl group content of 1 mol% was obtained.
- the sodium content in the interlayer was 0.7 ppm, and the particle size of the sodium salt was less than 0.5 wm.
- the particle size of the magnesium salt present in the interlayer film was measured in the same manner as in Example 19, and it was 2 m.
- the average degree of polymerization was 170,000 and the average petalalization was the same as in Example 19, except that an aqueous solution of magnesium hydroxide was used instead of the aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide as the neutralizing agent.
- a white powdery polyvinyl butyral resin having a degree of 64 mol% and a residual acetyl group content of 1 mol% was obtained.
- the sodium content was 0.7 ppm, and the particle size of the sodium salt was less than 0.5 ⁇ .
- the particle size of the magnesium salt present in the interlayer film was measured in the same manner as in Example 19, and it was 2.5 m. Comparative Example 6
- interlayer films for laminated glass instead of 0.08 parts of magnesium octanoate, 0.04 parts of magnesium acetate which is hardly dissolved in a polyvinyl butyral resin or a plasticizer and a short chain as an adhesion modifier were used.
- An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were obtained in the same manner as in Example 19 except that 0.05 part of butyric acid as a systemic organic acid was added.
- Example 7 The particle size of the magnesium salt present in the interlayer film for a laminated glass obtained in J was measured in the same manner as in Example 19, and it was 4 / m.
- Example i The moisture resistance test of the interlayer films for laminated glass obtained in Examples 9 to 23 and Comparative Examples 6 and 7 was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results were as shown in Table 7
- Example 1923 As is clear from Table 7, the laminated glass of Example 1923 according to the present invention showed excellent moisture resistance. On the other hand, the laminated glasses of Comparative Examples 6 and 7 in which the particle size of the magnesium salt present in the laminated glass interlayer exceeds 3 m were poor in moisture resistance.
- Example 2 4
- the sodium content of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was measured by ICP emission spectrometry and found to be 50 ppm.
- the particle size of the sodium salt was 12 ⁇ .
- 100 parts by weight of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 0.05 parts by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.04 parts by weight of magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate Parts, and 0.05 parts by weight of modified silicone oil are supplied to a mixing roll, and the kneaded material obtained by kneading is subjected to a press molding machine at 150 ° C. and 120 kg / cm 2 . For 30 minutes to obtain a resin film having a thickness of 0.8 mm. The obtained resin film was subjected to the same moisture resistance test as in Example 1.
- modified silicone oil one represented by the following chemical formula was used.
- Example 26 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24 except that 0.08 parts by weight of salicylaldehyde was used instead of 0.05 part by weight of ethyl diamine tetraacetic acid. The results are shown in Table 8.
- Example 26 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24 except that 0.08 parts by weight of salicylaldehyde was used instead of 0.05 part by weight of ethyl diamine tetraacetic acid. The results are shown in Table 8.
- Example 26 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24 except that 0.08 parts by weight of salicylaldehyde was used instead of 0.05 part by weight of ethyl diamine tetraacetic acid. The results are shown in Table 8.
- Example 2 7 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24, except that 1.0 part by weight of oxalic acid was used instead of 0.05 part by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The results are not shown in Table 8.
- Example 2 7 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24, except that 1.0 part by weight of oxalic acid was used instead of 0.05 part by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The results are not shown in Table 8.
- Example 2 7 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24, except that 1.0 part by weight of oxalic acid was used instead of 0.05 part by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The results are not shown in Table 8.
- Example 2 7 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24, except that 1.0 part by weight of oxalic acid was used instead of 0.05 part by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The results are not shown in Table 8.
- Example 2 8 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24, except that instead of 0.05 parts by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.3 parts by weight of 1,10-pentanol was used. The results are shown in Table 8.
- Example 2 8 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24, except that instead of 0.05 parts by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.3 parts by weight of 1,10-pentanol was used. The results are shown in Table 8.
- Example 2 8 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24, except that instead of 0.05 parts by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.3 parts by weight of 1,10-pentanol was used. The results are shown in Table 8.
- Example 2 8 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24, except that instead of 0.05 parts by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.3 parts by weight of 1,10-pentanol was used
- a resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24 except that 0.3 parts by weight of acetylacetone was used instead of 0.05 parts by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Table 8 shows the results. Comparative Example 8
- the mixture was neutralized with an aqueous sodium solution, washed with excess water for 2 hours, and dried to obtain a white powdery polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the average degree of butyralization of this resin was 64 mol%, and the amount of residual acetyl group was 1 mol%.
- the sodium content of the obtained intermediate film was measured by ICP emission spectrometry, and it was 5 Oppm.
- the particle size of the sodium element present in the interlayer film was measured using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS).
- Such a laminated glass which is pre-bonded in the temperature 1 3 5 ° C, make this adhesive 2 0 minutes under a pressure of 1 2 k g_ cm 2 in air type Otokurebu, combined moth Got Ruth.
- Example 30 The obtained laminated glass interlayer was subjected to a moisture resistance test in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 9.
- Example 30 The obtained laminated glass interlayer was subjected to a moisture resistance test in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 9.
- Table 9 shows the results of obtaining and evaluating a resin film in the same manner as in Example 29 except that the cleaning time was changed from 2 hours to 3 hours.
- Example Comparative Example 9 The sodium content in the obtained intermediate film was measured in the same manner as in Example 29, and it was 30 ppm. When the particle diameter of the sodium element was measured in the same manner as in Example 29, it was 13 m. Table 9 Example Comparative Example
- the temperature of the liquid was raised to 3 (the temperature was raised to TC and maintained for 5 hours.
- a part by weight (1.7 mol) was added to neutralize, washed with water and dried to obtain a polyvinyl butyral resin having a degree of petialalization of 65 mol%.
- the sodium content of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was measured by ICP emission spectrometry and found to be 50 ppm.
- the particle size of the sodium salt is 12 ⁇ m.
- Example 3 100 parts by weight of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, 40 parts by weight of triglycol glycol-2-ethyl ester, 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid, and 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine Part is supplied to a mixing roll, and the kneaded material obtained by kneading is press-formed at 150 ° C. and 120 kg / cm 2 for 10 minutes using a press forming machine, and has a thickness of 8 mm.
- a wet whitening resistance test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 10.
- Example 3 3 100 parts by weight of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, 40 parts by weight of triglycol glycol-2-ethyl ester, 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid, and 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine Part is supplied to a mixing roll, and the kneaded
- Example 3 5 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 32 except that 0.49 parts by weight of tetradecylamine was used instead of 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in Table 10.
- Example 3 4 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 32 except that 0.4-5 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid was used instead of 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid. The results are shown in Table 10.
- Example 3 5 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 32 except that 0.49 parts by weight of tetradecylamine was used instead of 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in Table 10.
- Example 3 4 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 32 except that 0.4-5 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid was used instead of 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid
- Example 3 9 p Instead of 0.43 parts by weight of toluenesulfonic acid and 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine, 0.37 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and N, N-dimethyloctylamine A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 32, except that 18 parts by weight was used. The results are shown in Table 10.
- Example 40 Example 40
- a resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 32 except that 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 0.23 part by weight of hexylamine were not used. The results are shown in Table 10. Comparative Example 1 3
- Example 32 was repeated except that 0.43 parts by weight of toluenesulfonic acid and 0.23 parts by weight of hekinluamine were replaced by 0.80 parts by weight of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. Similarly, a resin film was obtained and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 10. Comparative Example 16
- Example 3 Example 3 except that 0.43 parts by weight of toluenesulfonic acid and 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine were replaced by 0.3 parts by weight of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride.
- a resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in 2. The results are shown in Table 10.
- the polyvinyl butyral resin synthesized in Example 32 was further washed with water and dried to obtain a polyvinyl butyral resin having a reduced sodium salt content.
- the sodium content of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was measured by ICP emission spectrometry and found to be 20 ppm.
- the particle size of the sodium salt is 3.5 ⁇ m.
- Example 4 3 100 parts by weight of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-ethyl ester, 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, and 0.17 parts by weight of decylamine Kneading and pressing were performed under the same conditions as in Example 32 to obtain a resin film having a thickness of 0.8 mm.
- the obtained resin film was subjected to a wet whitening resistance test in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 11.
- Example 4 4 instead of 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.17 parts by weight of decylamine, 0.117 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.9 parts by weight of decylamine were used. Except for the above, a resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 42. The results are shown in Table 11.
- Example 4 4
- Example 32 was repeated except that 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid was not used and 0.36 parts by weight of decylamine was used instead of 0.17 parts by weight of decylamine. A resin film was obtained and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 11. Comparative Example 1 9
- Example 42 except that 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.57 parts by weight of decylamine were used instead of 0.53 parts by weight of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride.
- a resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as described above. The results are shown in Table 11. Acid ⁇ Mi down water HitaKiyoshi 2 4 hours after haze additives copies R 5 R 7 added portion ⁇ (%)
- Example 5 1 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl butyral resin synthesized in Example 32, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 0.30 parts by weight of octanoic acid, and 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine was kneaded and press-molded under the same conditions as in Example 32 to obtain a resin film having a thickness of 0.8 mm. The obtained resin film was subjected to a moisture whitening resistance test in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 12.
- Example 5 1 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl butyral resin synthesized in Example 32, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 0.30 parts by weight of octanoic acid, and 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine was kneaded and press-molded under the same conditions as in Example 32 to obtain a resin film having a thickness of 0.8 mm. The obtained resin film was subjected to a
- a resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 50 except that 0.40 part by weight of dodecylamine was used instead of 0.35 part by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 12.
- Example 5 2
- Example 5 3 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 50 except that 0.45 parts by weight of tetradecylamine was used instead of 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 12.
- Example 5 3 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 50 except that 0.45 parts by weight of tetradecylamine was used instead of 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 12.
- Example 5 3 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 50 except that 0.45 parts by weight of tetradecylamine was used instead of 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 12.
- Example 5 3 A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 50 except that 0.45 parts by weight of tetradecylamine was used instead of 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 12.
- Example 5 4 Performed except that 0.50 parts by weight of myristic acid and 0.40 parts by weight of dodecylamine were used instead of 0.30 parts by weight of octanoic acid and 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 50. The results are shown in Table 12.
- Example 5 4
- Example 5 Except that 0.30 parts by weight of octanoic acid and 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine were replaced by 0.30 parts by weight of benzoic acid and 0.40 parts by weight of dodecylamine, A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 50. The results are shown in Table 12.
- a resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 50 except that 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine was not used. The results are shown in Table 12.
- Example 12 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl butyral resin prepared in Example 42, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutylate 0.16 parts by weight of di (n-butyl) phosphoric acid, and dodecylamine 0.114 parts by weight was kneaded and press-molded under the same conditions as in Example 32 to obtain a resin film having a thickness of 0.8 mm. With respect to the obtained resin film, a moisture whitening resistance test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 13
- Example 1 except that 16 parts by weight of di (ri-butyl) phosphoric acid and 0.14 part by weight of dodecylamine were replaced by 0.30 part by weight of sodium mono (n-dodecyl) phosphate. A resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in 56. The results are shown in Table 13. Comparative Example 2 4
- Example 5 except that 0.16 part by weight of di (n-butyl) phosphoric acid and 0.13 part by weight of dodecylamine were replaced by 0.33 part by weight of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride.
- a resin film was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in 6. The results are shown in Table 13. 00
- the solution was neutralized with an aqueous solution, and further washed with excess water for 2 hours and dried to obtain a white powdery polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the average degree of polymerization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin is 170, the degree of butyralization is 65 mol%, the amount of residual acetyl group is 1 mol%, the amount of residual vinyl alcohol component is 34 mol%, and neutralization
- the content of salt (NaCl) was 20 ppm in sodium concentration, and the particle size of the neutralized salt was 2 m.
- a T-die was attached to a small extruder (trade name “Laboplast Mill”, manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.), and the extrusion temperature was 80 to 180 ° C and the mold outlet temperature was 200 ° C.
- the mixture obtained above was extruded into a film to obtain an interlayer film for laminated glass having a thickness of about 8 mm.
- the Pummel value of the performance of the laminated glass obtained above was evaluated by the following method.
- the moisture resistance was evaluated by the method described in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 14. Evaluation method
- An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were obtained in the same manner as in Example 63, except that a metal salt of a carboxylic acid as shown in Table 14 was included as an adhesive force modifier.
- Plasticizer Metal salt of carboxylic acid Pummel ⁇ Haze after 2 hours of immersion in water
- Type additional amount
- Type Addition amount (X10 * mol)
- An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were obtained in the same manner as in Example 70, except that a metal salt of a carboxylic acid as shown in Table 15 was included as an adhesive force modifier.
- the composition of the interlayer film for laminated glass is polyvinyl butyral resin as polyvinyl acetal resin (average degree of polymerization: 170, degree of butyralization: 66 mol%, residual acetyl group content: 1 mol%, residual vinyl alcohol component content) 3 3 mol%, sodium content
- Example 63 X 10 mol
- an ultraviolet absorber and an antioxidant were used in the same manner as in Example 63 to obtain an interlayer film for laminated glass.
- An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were obtained in the same manner as in Example 79 except that a metal salt of a carboxylic acid as shown in Table 16 was included as an adhesive force adjuster.
- the composition of the interlayer film for laminated glass was changed to a polyvinyl acetal resin by washing with pure water so that the content of neutral salt (sodium chloride) was 20 ppm in sodium concentration and 2 im of neutral salt particles.
- Polyvinyl butyral resin (average degree of polymerization: 650, butyralization degree: 68 mol%, residual acetyl group content: 1 mol%, residual vinyl alcohol component content: 31 mol%) 100 parts, plasticizer di to Kishiruajipeto (DHA) 3 6 parts as, 2 Echirubutan magnesium as the metal salt of a carboxylic acid (6 carbon atoms) 0.0 7 1 parts (2. 8 X 1 0- 4 mol), ultraviolet absorbers and oxidation An interlayer film for laminated glass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 63 except that the inhibitor was used.
- An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were obtained in the same manner as in Example 83, except that a metal salt of a carboxylic acid as shown in Table 17 was included as an adhesive force adjuster.
- An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were obtained in the same manner as in Example 83, except that a metal salt of rubric acid as shown in Table 17 was included as an adhesion regulator.
- Example 8 7 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl butyral resin prepared in Example 42, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 0.056 parts by weight of camphorsulfonic acid, and N, 0.044 parts by weight of N-dimethyloctylamine was kneaded and press-molded under the same conditions as in Example 42 to obtain a resin film having a thickness of 8 mm. The obtained resin film was subjected to a wet whitening resistance test in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 18.
- Example 8 7 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl butyral resin prepared in Example 42, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 0.056 parts by weight of camphorsulfonic acid, and N, 0.044 parts by weight of N-dimethyloctylamine was kneaded and press-molded under the same conditions as in Example 42 to obtain a resin film having a thickness of 8
- Example 86 was repeated except that 0.15 parts by weight of salicylic acid was used instead of 0.056 parts by weight of camphorsulfonic acid and 0.04 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine. Similarly, a resin film was obtained and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 18. Comparative Example 3 3
- Example 42 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl butyral resin prepared in Example 42, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol 2-ethyl butylate, 0.4 parts by weight of octanoic acid, N, N-dimethyloctylamine 0. 11 parts by weight and 0.037 parts by weight of magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate were kneaded and press-molded under the same conditions as in Example 42 to obtain a resin film having a thickness of 0.8 mm. . The obtained resin film was subjected to a wet whitening resistance test in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the above resin film was sandwiched between two glass plates (4 ⁇ 4 cm) to obtain a laminated glass, and the obtained laminated glass was subjected to a peeling test by the following method.
- the laminated glass was immersed in water at a temperature of 60 ° C for one week, and then dried in an oven at a temperature of 80 ° C for 4 hours. After repeating the steps of immersion in water and dry-drying three times, the presence or absence of peeling of the interlayer film around the laminated glass was visually checked.
- Example 9 4
- Example 9 5 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 93 except that the amount of N, N-dimethyloctylamine was changed to 0.28 parts by weight, and the obtained results were obtained. Are shown in Table 19.
- Example 9 5 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 93 except that the amount of N, N-dimethyloctylamine was changed to 0.28 parts by weight, and the obtained results were obtained. Are shown in Table 19.
- Example 9 5 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 93 except that the amount of N, N-dimethyloctylamine was changed to 0.28 parts by weight, and the obtained results were obtained. Are shown in Table 19.
- Example 9 5 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 93 except that the amount of N, N-dimethyloctylamine was changed to 0.28 parts by weight, and the obtained results
- Example 9 6 Except that the amount of octanoic acid was changed to 0.1 part by weight and the amount of N, N-dimethyloctylamine was changed to 0.06 part by weight, the same procedure as in Example 93 was repeated. Production and evaluation of laminated glass were performed, and the obtained results are shown in Table 19.
- Example 9 6 Except that the amount of octanoic acid was changed to 0.1 part by weight and the amount of N, N-dimethyloctylamine was changed to 0.06 part by weight, the same procedure as in Example 93 was repeated. Production and evaluation of laminated glass were performed, and the obtained results are shown in Table 19. Example 9 6
- Comparative Example 3 6 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 93 except that octanoic acid and N, N-dimethyloctylamine were not used. The obtained results are shown in Table 19 . Comparative Example 3 7
- octanoic acid instead of 0.4 parts by weight of octanoic acid, 0.1 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine and 0.037 parts by weight of magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate, 0.1 part by weight of octanoic acid was used.
- a resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 93, except that 0.04 parts by weight and 0.045 parts by weight of magnesium 2-ethylhexanoate were used. Table 1 shows the results. 9
- the present invention Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, it does not impair the basic performance required for laminated glass such as transparency, weather resistance, adhesiveness, and penetration resistance, and even when placed in a humid atmosphere. It is possible to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass in which the peripheral portion of the laminated glass has less whitening.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/269,412 US6387516B2 (en) | 1997-07-17 | 1998-03-26 | Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass |
BR9806265A BR9806265A (pt) | 1997-07-17 | 1998-03-26 | Camada interna para vidro laminado e vidro laminado |
CA 2270416 CA2270416C (en) | 1997-07-17 | 1998-03-26 | Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass |
EP98911011A EP1022261B1 (en) | 1997-07-17 | 1998-03-26 | Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass |
DE69806620T DE69806620T2 (de) | 1997-07-17 | 1998-03-26 | Zwischenschicht für verbundglas und verbundglas |
AU65178/98A AU721829B2 (en) | 1997-07-17 | 1998-03-26 | Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass |
US10/107,774 US7074487B2 (en) | 1997-07-17 | 2002-03-28 | Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass |
Applications Claiming Priority (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP19247497 | 1997-07-17 | ||
JP9/192474 | 1997-07-17 | ||
JP9/213284 | 1997-08-07 | ||
JP21328497 | 1997-08-07 | ||
JP9/223613 | 1997-08-20 | ||
JP22361397 | 1997-08-20 | ||
JP24701597 | 1997-09-11 | ||
JP9/247015 | 1997-09-11 | ||
JP9/253216 | 1997-09-18 | ||
JP25321697 | 1997-09-18 | ||
JP98398 | 1998-01-06 | ||
JP10/983 | 1998-01-06 | ||
JP2213798 | 1998-02-03 | ||
JP10/22137 | 1998-02-03 |
Related Child Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/269,412 A-371-Of-International US6387516B2 (en) | 1997-07-17 | 1998-03-26 | Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass |
US09269412 A-371-Of-International | 1998-03-26 | ||
US10/107,774 Continuation US7074487B2 (en) | 1997-07-17 | 2002-03-28 | Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999003793A1 true WO1999003793A1 (fr) | 1999-01-28 |
Family
ID=27563102
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1998/001341 WO1999003793A1 (fr) | 1997-07-17 | 1998-03-26 | Couche intermediaire pour verre feuillete et verre feuillete |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6387516B2 (ja) |
EP (3) | EP1022261B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2999177B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100334149B1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU721829B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9806265A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2270416C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69806620T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999003793A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
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WO2001049631A1 (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2001-07-12 | P & H Glass Co., Ltd. | Laminated glass, and method of and apparatus for manufacturing the same |
JP2001302289A (ja) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-10-31 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラス |
JP2002293583A (ja) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-09 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
JP5615984B1 (ja) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-10-29 | 株式会社クラレ | 帯電防止性に優れる組成物 |
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-
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- 1998-03-26 KR KR1019997003046A patent/KR100334149B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-26 EP EP98911011A patent/EP1022261B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1998-03-26 DE DE69806620T patent/DE69806620T2/de not_active Revoked
- 1998-03-26 WO PCT/JP1998/001341 patent/WO1999003793A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1998-03-26 BR BR9806265A patent/BR9806265A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-26 US US09/269,412 patent/US6387516B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-26 AU AU65178/98A patent/AU721829B2/en not_active Expired
- 1998-03-26 EP EP20100180834 patent/EP2261187A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-03-26 EP EP20020008486 patent/EP1243408A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-03-26 CA CA 2270416 patent/CA2270416C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-17 JP JP20342598A patent/JP2999177B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-03-28 US US10/107,774 patent/US7074487B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001302289A (ja) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-10-31 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 合わせガラス用中間膜および合わせガラス |
WO2001049631A1 (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2001-07-12 | P & H Glass Co., Ltd. | Laminated glass, and method of and apparatus for manufacturing the same |
JP2002293583A (ja) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-09 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
JP5615984B1 (ja) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-10-29 | 株式会社クラレ | 帯電防止性に優れる組成物 |
WO2015037142A1 (ja) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-19 | 株式会社クラレ | 帯電防止性に優れる組成物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100334149B1 (ko) | 2002-04-26 |
US7074487B2 (en) | 2006-07-11 |
EP2261187A1 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
EP1022261A1 (en) | 2000-07-26 |
DE69806620D1 (de) | 2002-08-22 |
US6387516B2 (en) | 2002-05-14 |
JP2999177B2 (ja) | 2000-01-17 |
US20020006508A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
EP1022261B1 (en) | 2002-07-17 |
BR9806265A (pt) | 2000-04-04 |
AU721829B2 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
EP1243408A3 (en) | 2003-03-12 |
CA2270416A1 (en) | 1999-01-28 |
US20020150764A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
CA2270416C (en) | 2008-05-20 |
EP1022261A4 (en) | 2000-08-23 |
JPH11343152A (ja) | 1999-12-14 |
KR20000048990A (ko) | 2000-07-25 |
AU6517898A (en) | 1999-02-10 |
DE69806620T2 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
EP1243408A2 (en) | 2002-09-25 |
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