WO1996028589A1 - Pompe pneumatique permselective aux gaz et incubateur l'utilisant - Google Patents
Pompe pneumatique permselective aux gaz et incubateur l'utilisant Download PDFInfo
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- WO1996028589A1 WO1996028589A1 PCT/JP1996/000718 JP9600718W WO9628589A1 WO 1996028589 A1 WO1996028589 A1 WO 1996028589A1 JP 9600718 W JP9600718 W JP 9600718W WO 9628589 A1 WO9628589 A1 WO 9628589A1
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- gas
- solid electrolyte
- oxygen
- container
- insulated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
- C01B13/0251—Physical processing only by making use of membranes
- C01B13/0255—Physical processing only by making use of membranes characterised by the type of membrane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3409—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23L3/3418—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3409—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23L3/3418—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
- A23L3/3427—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O in which an absorbent is placed or used
- A23L3/3436—Oxygen absorbent
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
- A47J27/04—Cooking-vessels for cooking food in steam; Devices for extracting fruit juice by means of steam ; Vacuum cooking vessels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
- B01D53/326—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00 in electrochemical cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
- C01B13/0251—Physical processing only by making use of membranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
- B01D2257/104—Oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0046—Nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0053—Hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- a rice cooker that cooks and keeps warm rice has been developed in recent years using a neuro-fuzzy-theory rice cooking and warming mechanism to cook rice as delicious as possible and then store it in a delicious state.
- Insulation pots also use the induction heater (IH) to cook and store delicious rice.
- IH induction heater
- the rice cooking technology has become quite mature, but the method of storing rice after it has been cooked. As such, there is still room for research. In other words, the cooked rice once enters a warming state. After that, the lid is opened and the rice is taken out, and the remaining rice is stored again in a warm state. The next time the rice is taken out a few hours later, the rice will often turn yellow and give off unpleasant odors. This is mainly due to the oxidation of (1), which causes the rice to become unsavory depending on the storage conditions.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-154039 has been proposed. It consists of a gas separation membrane that allows only oxygen to permeate and a decompression device (mechanical pump), and a method has been proposed in which oxygen in the insulated tank is discharged outside the insulated box.
- the cooker proposed above has the following problems. In other words, a valve device, a gas separation membrane, and a decompression device are provided inside the lid, and the lid itself becomes larger and heavier, which hinders opening and closing of the lid. Is coming.
- a first object of the present invention is to selectively permeate oxygen gas in various atmospheres, if necessary, water vapor, and to selectively permeate the oxygen gas concentration in the atmosphere and, if necessary, to control the water vapor concentration.
- the purpose is to provide a pump.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and found that if the solid electrolyte is heated to a certain operating temperature, the oxide ions ((0 2 —)) move from the force source side of the solid electrolyte to the anode side:!
- the proton (H +) is selectively transported from the anode side to the force source side, so a pair of electrodes are placed on both sides of the solid electrolyte, and oxygen gas is electrolyzed on the cathode side.
- the oxide ions generated there are transported to the cathode side, and then oxidized at the anode side to become oxygen gas again.As a result, the oxygen gas is selectively discharged through the solid electrolyte of oxygen gas.
- the present invention was completed by finding that it could be furnished.
- a first electrode solid electrolyte formed by forming first and second electrodes on both sides of a solid electrolyte layer; a surface molded body of a second electrode;
- Heating means for heating the solid electrolyte layer to a predetermined operating temperature wherein one of the first and second electrodes is a force source and the other is an anode by a DC voltage applied to both electrodes from the power supply. And then at least on the force sword side there The oxygen gas in the first atmosphere in contact with the electrolyte is electrolytically reduced to form oxide ions, and the oxide ions are transmitted to the anode side through the solid electrolyte eyebrows due to the positional difference between the two S ⁇ . And selectively oxidizing the permeated oxide ions on the anode side to release oxygen gas into the second atmosphere.
- a solid compressible material having proton conductivity and oxide ion conductivity is used, a second voltage contacting on the anode side with a DC voltage applied to both electrodes from the power source is obtained.
- the water vapor in the atmosphere is electrolyzed to form protons, and the protons pass through the solid electrolyte layer through the solid electrolyte layer due to the potential difference between the two electrodes, and are transmitted to the force source side. And water vapor can be released into the first atmosphere.
- FIG. 1 The principle diagram of the gas pump of the present invention is as shown in FIG.
- a solid electrolyte is formed in a planar shape, and electrodes formed on both surfaces are formed on the entire surface. It is preferable to use a gas-diffusing electrode as the electrode.
- the first electrode / solid electrolyte / second electrode are formed sequentially on a gas-permeable support, and the first and second electrode layers are formed there. Gas diffusion so as not to impede the permeation of oxide ions and protons through the solid electrolyte layer, and first and second electrode layers laminated on both sides of a molded body formed of the solid electrolyte.
- the second electrode layer can be broadly classified into a gas diffusion property so as not to hinder the permeation of oxide ions and protons formed therethrough through the solid electrolyte layer.
- the second is a laminate including the first electrode layer, the solid electrolyte layer, and the second electrode layer, which has an electrolytic bath surrounding the first or second electrode layer, and contains a component gas to be electrolyzed. Is to be able to take in the atmosphere gas into the electrolyte.
- the thickness of the solid decomposition should be one or less.
- the solid electrolyte used in the present invention oxide comprising Berobusukai preparative oxide containing C e, Z r 0 2 - C aO based oxides, T h 0 2 - Y 2 0 3 system oxides, C e 0 2 - L a 2 0 3 based oxides, B i 2 0 3 - Y 2 0 3 system oxides, Z r 0 2 - Y 2 0 3 system oxides, Z r 0 2 - Yb 2 0 3 based oxide, and C e0 is selected from 2 -Gd 2 03- Mg 0 based group consisting of oxides of, those having at least an oxide ion conductivity is used.
- the solid electrolyte is composed of an oxide composed of a belovskite-type oxide containing Ce, and is a mixed electrolyte that conducts protons and oxide ions.
- An ionic conductor is selected.
- a perovskite oxide containing Ce is an oxide represented by the formula: BaCe ⁇ M-Os-, where M is La. Pr. Nd.
- Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy , Ho, Er, Tui, Yb can provide what is shown in selected substitution element) from the group consisting of Y, especially BaC ei -., M x 0 3 - e (M , said substituted elemental ), It is preferable to use a perovskite oxide in which X is in the range of 0.05 to 0.26. Above all, BaCe or J, 0 3- . In (M is the above-mentioned substitution element), it is preferable that ⁇ is composed of a perovskite oxide containing Gd. As such a solid electrolyte, reference can be made to US Pat. No. 5,387,330 of the present inventors.
- the support is a porous ceramic, a platinum paste is applied on the ceramic support, and then baked to form a first electrode layer;
- the above-mentioned electrolytic cell is composed of a support having gas permeability, and on one side thereof, a laminated body composed of the first electrode layer Z, the solid electrolyte layer Z, and the second electrode g is formed.
- the gas bomb of the present invention can be manufactured.
- the above-mentioned electrolytic cell is composed of a solid compact, and first and second electrode layers are formed on opposite surfaces thereof to form a laminate composed of a first electrode layer / solid electrolyte layer / second electrode layer.
- the gas pump of the present invention can be manufactured.
- the electrolytic cell can be a tubular body that also serves as a honeycomb structure or a gas transport pipe as a large number of aggregates.
- the operating conditions of the gas pump according to the present invention are as follows: when the applied voltage of 10 V or less is used in consideration of the durability of the solid electrolyte and the oxygen transport rate is controlled, the following experimentally determined relational expression is used. It is better to apply a constant current under the required steam decomposition voltage.
- the solid electrolyte is heated and operated at a constant voltage of at least 1.5 V between the first and second electrodes at 300 ° C and at least 1.0 V at 800 ° C. It has been found that exchange transport can be performed.
- the gas pump of the present invention requires heating the solid electrolyte to its operating temperature and thus involves heating means.
- This heating means employs a configuration in which the planar molded body is covered with a heater via an insulator, and the heater is further covered with a heat insulating material.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a rice rice warmer having a function of discharging oxygen from the inside of an inner pot for reducing yellowishness and unpleasant odor of rice at the time of heat retention by lowering the oxygen content in the inner pot,
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cooked rice warmer that does not increase the weight of the lid and does not cause the adhesion of dew condensation water.
- a cooked rice incubator includes: a cookable rice warmer having an openable lid, a container for storing cooked rice, and a unit for heating the container to keep the cooked rice warm.
- the above-described gas pump is used as a means for discharging oxygen in the vessel to the outside of the cooked rice warmer.
- the rice cooker with the above configuration keeps the rice housed in the inner pot warm by the heating element, and drives the acid bomb made of solid electrolyte to lower the oxygen concentration in the inner pot, Prevents yellowing and unpleasant odor of rice. Therefore, it is possible to keep rice in a state close to freshly cooked rice, even though it is kept warm for a long time.
- a cooked rice incubator having an openable and closable lid, a container for storing cooked rice, and a means for heating the container to keep the cooked rice,
- a means for discharging rice it is possible to reduce deterioration such as yellowishness and off-flavor of cooked rice due to heat retention, and to realize an excellent cooked rice warmer.
- a third object of the present invention is to provide a cooked rice warmer having a structure in which the gas bomb is used as a means for discharging and removing oxygen in the warmer or reducing the degree of oxygen while introducing steam as necessary. It is a suggestion.
- An outline of the present invention is to achieve the above object by discharging oxygen in the incubator through a solid electrolyte, and by using an electrochemical pump to introduce water vapor, wherein the solid electrolyte is oxidized. It consists of an ion conductor that conducts matter ions and protons.
- the above-mentioned object is achieved by using a barium-cerium-based oxide having high ion conductivity and being chemically stable.
- oxygen bombing is performed by oxide ion conduction
- water vapor is bombed by proton conduction.
- a proton conductor for the solid electrolyte it is possible to replace oxygen in the incubator with water vapor, and to suppress a drop in internal pressure.
- a mixed ionic conductor that conducts oxide ions simultaneously it becomes possible for one solid electrolyte to simultaneously discharge oxygen inside the vessel outside the vessel, and to reduce the amount of electricity supplied
- the efficiency of oxygen removal in the vessel is close to 100%.
- the present invention also proposes a large-capacity, high-efficiency, and high-performance structure of the gas pump.
- the efficiency is improved by forming the gas pump into a flat plate shape and fabricating the maximum number of electrodes in a planar shape, and by shortening the current path distance by thinning the electrolyte.
- a cylindrical structure as a large-capacity, high-performance structure.
- This is an invention in which the electrolyte itself is made cylindrical, each gas pump has strength, and gas passages can be secured. Furthermore, by increasing the length of the cylinder, the capacity can be increased, and the tubes can be bundled to increase the capacity.
- a cylindrical type with one end closed such as a Tamman tube, has the advantages of high strength, easy processing, and a simple gas seal structure.
- honeycomb type structure is proposed as a structure realizing high capacity, high efficiency and high performance.
- the honeycomb structure is a means that can achieve the highest pump efficiency, and is a high-strength, high-performance structure.
- a means to react oxygen in the vessel is proposed. This introduces hydrogen into the container and replaces oxygen with water (water vapor). In order to allow this reaction to proceed smoothly at room temperature, a catalyst containing platinum is used. The introduction of hydrogen instantaneously replaces oxygen with water vapor.
- nitrogen is produced by removing oxygen from the air in advance outside the insulated device. It is characterized in that an oxygen pump is used as this means.
- an oxygen pump is used as this means.
- a solid oxide electrochemical oxygen bomb which is easy to maintain, is used, and a barium-cerium-based oxide, which is a high oxide ion conductor, is used to produce nitrogen at high speed.
- Electrochemical pump with cylindrical tube structure Electrochemical pump with cylindrical tube structure.
- An electrochemical pump with a honeycomb structure An electrochemical pump with a honeycomb structure.
- a heat insulator comprising means for reacting gas in the heat insulator, means for generating hydrogen, and means for storing hydrogen.
- a warmer comprising means for storing nitrogen, means for introducing nitrogen into a warmer, and means for separating nitrogen from air.
- FIG. 21 is a principle view of the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a cooked rice warmer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- a rice cooker includes a rice cooker main body 1 and a lid 8 that opens and closes an upper opening of the rice cooker main body 1.
- An inner pot 3 for putting rice, water, and cooked rice in the rice cooker body 1 is detachably configured.
- the inner pot 3 is heated to cook rice and keep warm.
- a heater 4 is provided, and a pot temperature detector 7 provided at the center is brought into contact with the inner pot 3 to detect the temperatures of rice before cooking, water, and rice after cooking.
- the lid 8 is provided with an intake pipe 5 communicating with the inner pot 3.
- the intake pipe 5 is connected to an oxygen pump 2 using a solid electrolyte, and is connected to the other surface of the oxygen pump 2.
- An exhaust pipe 6 communicating with the outside of the lid 8 is provided.
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed sectional view of the oxygen pump 2 in FIG.
- the chemical formula of the solid electrolyte 21 used is BaC e! -XGdiO 3- ⁇ : which is sintered and then polished to a thickness of about 0.5 mm. Form. Further, porous Oxide poles 22 and 23 (for example, Ni and Pt) are formed on both sides of the polished solid electrolyte 21, and a DC voltage of about 1 V is applied.
- oxygen ions do not conduct in the solid electrolyte 21, but as shown in Fig. 2, for example, a heater 24 for heating is provided on the cathode side, and when heated above 300 ° C, the power source reaches 23.
- the oxygen a is provided on the cathode side, and when heated above 300 ° C, the power source reaches 23.
- Fig. 4 shows the same volume of air (nitrogen) as the oxygen discharged by the oxygen pump 2.
- Elemental: Oxygen 4: 1) Shows the time change of oxygen concentration in Pot 3 when it is assumed that leaks 11 and 12 enter into Pot 3 at leaks 12 and 12, respectively.
- the size of the oxygen pump is 5 x 5 cm2, and the current is assumed to be 250 OmA. Since the amount of pumped oxygen is equivalent to the amount of oxygen ions moving through the solid electrolyte 21, it can be obtained from Faraday's law.
- the oxygen concentration in the inner pot 3 becomes 0.5% or less in about 3 hours. Also, if it is 2000 c c, the oxygen concentration in the inner pot 3 becomes less than 0.5% in about 4 hours.
- the oxygen concentration in the inner pot 3 is remarkably reduced, and yellowing and smell of rice due to heat retention are suppressed, and an extremely good heat retention state can be obtained.
- oxygen in the inner pot 3 can be removed by an extremely simple configuration of an oxygen pump using a solid electrolyte, the weight of the lid can be reduced, and the dew condensation water adheres. Can be prevented. Furthermore, since the present invention uses an oxygen bomb made of a solid electrolyte, there is no mechanical part, no unpleasant noise is generated, and extremely durable to a long-term incubator. Oxygen pump can be provided, resulting in significant cost reduction
- Example 2 a cooked rice cooker according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the performance of the oxygen bomb can be improved by increasing the size of the solid electrolyte itself.
- a method using a large number of solid electrolytes having an area of about 2 cm 2 is used. The embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- BaCeGd0-based solid electrolyte 51 is fired and processed to a thickness of about 0.5 cm, and then electrodes 52 such as Pt or Ni are formed on both sides. and, on the substrate 5 0 vacated pore composed mainly of AI 2 ⁇ 3, the solid electrolyte 5 1 so as to close the holes and fixed with an inorganic adhesive or the like mainly composed of S i 0 2.
- Wiring 53 is provided on both surfaces of the base 50, and a wiring 54 using a lead wire or a metal thin film is provided from the electrode 52 of the solid electrolyte 51.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the oxygen pump.
- a heating heater 61 is provided directly above the solid electrolyte 51.
- the solid electrolyte 51 and the heater 61 should be in contact with each other in order to heat the solid electrolyte 51 efficiently, but since a passage for exhausting the sucked oxygen is required, it is necessary to set 0. . 5-1. as between 0 mm about gap opens, the fixing base 6 2 consisting of Se laminate click the hole for oxygen exhaust gas is mainly composed of a] 2 ⁇ 3 provided is adjusted .
- an inorganic adhesive is also used as the fixing adhesive.
- the suction side in order not to escape as much as possible heat is thinner in Ceramic mainly composed of A 1 2 0 3.
- a heat insulating material (not shown) made of, for example, calcium silicate, the solid electrolyte 51 can be heated to a predetermined temperature with low power consumption.
- the oxygen pump described in the first embodiment has a large area in order to enlarge the solid electrolyte itself, it can be downsized as an oxygen pump.
- the yield is slightly reduced due to the difficulty in improving the characteristics of the solid electrolyte and the poor handling during processing due to the increase in the size of the solid electrolyte
- the overall oxygen bomb tends to be slightly larger.
- each solid electrolyte has a small area, and the properties of the solid electrolyte itself can be easily improved and processed.
- the use of a solid electrolyte having a small area and a plurality of solid compresses, which is difficult to increase the area makes it possible to easily increase the total area of the solid electrolyte.
- the oxygen concentration in the inner pot 3 is significantly reduced in a very short time, and the generation of yellowish and odorous rice due to heat retention is suppressed. An extremely good heat retention state can be obtained.
- FIG. 7 a cooked rice preservative according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
- FIG. 7 a cooked rice preservative according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the oxygen pump shown in FIG. 7 was manufactured using a solid electrolyte 51 having an area of about 2 cm 2 . Electrodes 52 made of Pt or Ni are formed on both surfaces of the solid electrolyte 51.
- the right above the heater 71 is the solid electrolyte 5 1 with fixing base 7 2 consisting Ceramic mainly composed of A 1 2 0 3 which apertured 0. To 5 to 1. 0 mm approximately position Fixed. At this time, an inorganic adhesive is used as the fixing adhesive.
- a fixed base 73 is also used on the suction side, which has a hole through which a lead wire is After that, it is closed with an inorganic material.
- oxygen pumps are arranged on a substrate 81 having holes as shown in FIG. 8 so as to cover the holes, and fixed using an inorganic adhesive.
- lead wires (not shown) extending from the solid electrolyte 51 and the heater 71 are connected to each other, and the whole is covered with a heat insulating material made of, for example, calcium silicate.
- the oxygen pump as a whole tends to be slightly larger than in the first embodiment, but the oxygen pumping ability can be dramatically improved as in the second embodiment.
- the oxygen pumping rate is about 15 cc / min, and the oxygen concentration can be reduced to 1% or less in about 1 hour even if the head space is 500 cc.
- the oxygen pump by driving the oxygen pump, the degree of oxygen in the inner pot 3 is significantly reduced, and the generation of yellowing and odor of the rice due to the heat retention is suppressed. A warm state can be obtained. Further, in the present embodiment, since the heaters 71 are installed in the respective solid electrolytes, the oxygen pump can be formed in any shape.
- the heat insulating material covering the outside of the heater for heating is described using a heat insulating material made of calcium silicate, but a high alumina refractory insulating brick, a clay insulating brick, It goes without saying that diatomaceous earth insulation bricks can be made of castable refractory material, quartz glass insulation material, ceramic fiber and carbon fiber.
- an oxide that conducts protons and oxide ions is used for the solid electrolyte.
- an electrochemical pump for performance evaluation was prototyped and its characteristics were examined.
- Fig. 10 shows the structure of the experimental electrochemical pump used in this example and the evaluation device.
- the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are sealed so that the amount of gas pumped out or generated by the electrochemical pump can be measured.
- dry-jet argon was supplied to the anode chamber, dry oxygen was supplied to the force-sword chamber, and the oxygen concentration and the amount of water vapor in the anode chamber and the force-sword chamber were determined.
- Fig. 11 shows the amount of oxygen pumped when dry argon / BCGZ dry oxygen was used, together with the amount of electricity. It was found that the oxygen pumping efficiency decreased as the temperature became lower (40 CTC), but oxygen pumping was surely performed. At low current, oxygen bombing (efficiency 100%) almost follows Faraday's law.
- Fig. 12 shows the amount of water vapor generated in the force sword. As a result, it becomes clear that as the temperature decreases, the proton conductivity increases and the amount of generated water vapor decreases. It was also found that the sum of the oxygen pump amount and the steam pump amount was equal to the amount of electricity according to Faraday's law.
- this BCG material operates as a steam pump at the same time as the oxygen pump, and operates as a gas bomb for removing oxygen on the power source side and converting steam.
- steam generation on the power sword side It can compensate for the reduced pressure due to element removal and works well when used in a warmer.
- barium serium M of La, Pr, Nd, Pm.Eu, Tb.Dy, Ho.Er, Tin, Yb, Y shows mixed ion pack of oxide ion and proton. It turned out to work at the same time as the bomb.
- This embodiment shows an example of a practical structure of the electrochemical pump of the above embodiment.
- This embodiment is an example of the flat plate laminated structure of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 shows an anodized chemical bomb having a flat plate laminated structure, which is one example of the present invention.
- Each flat gas bomb is made of solid electrolyte 101 with BaCeo ⁇ ⁇ . 2 0 3 - The alpha, ⁇ node 1 02, it constitutes using a platinum cathode 1 03 both electrode.
- a solid electrolyte was produced by a solid phase sintering method, and the obtained sintered body was cut and formed into a 0.5 mm thick, 3 cm square.
- a flat plate gas pump made of Tanaka Kikinzoku Platinum Paste TR 7905 was applied to both sides and baked. Two of these were fabricated, and the three sides were joined together with a ceramic bond 104 so that the distance between the two pumps was about 2 mm.
- a cathode lead 105 was taken out from the released one side .
- the lead 105 was taken out from the anode side, covered with a fibrous insulator, and a heating wire heater 106 was wound thereon.
- the entire pump was insulated with fibrous heat insulating material 107.
- the performance of this gas pump was attached to a simulated incubator and the change in oxygen fertility inside was examined.
- Figure 14 shows a cross-sectional view of the simulated incubator.
- an inner pot 109 of volume 11 which is sealed off by the inner lid 110.
- the inner lid is attached to the lid 111 of the outer container. When the lid is closed, the inner lid and the inner pot are sealed.
- An intake pipe 112 is provided between the lid and the inner lid, and the cathode side of the gas pump 113 is mounted between the intake pipes in a warmer.
- the inside of the simulated incubator was emptied, the gas pump having the electrode area of 12.5 cm 2 was heated to about 400 ° C, and a current of 1.25 A (100 mA / cra 2 ) was supplied.
- the oxygen concentration was plotted against the operating time of the gas pump (Fig. 15). It was confirmed that the oxygen concentration reached 1-2% in about one hour.
- the flat plate type gas pump has a simple structure and is a practical gas pump structure that is effective for pumping out a large amount of oxygen.
- the amount of water vapor in the incubator increased to about 10%, and it was confirmed that the pressure in the incubator did not become negative. It is considered from this experiment that the thinner and larger the flat plate, the better the pump efficiency.
- the above method doubles the time required to reach the same oxygen concentration.
- the size, shape, and manufacturing method of the flat plate are not limited, and may be any size, for example, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, or a disk shape, and any manufacturing method may be used.
- the number of layers may be three, four, or any number.
- This example shows the case of a functional structure of an electrochemical pump.
- This embodiment is an example of the cylindrical tube structure of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 shows a cylindrical electrochemical pump which is one example of the present invention.
- Cylindrical gas mover, BaCe 0 the solid electrolyte 101.
- Es Gd. ls 0 3 What is the anode
- the electrodes are made of platinum for both electrodes 102 and 103.
- platinum was applied on a porous ceramic cylindrical tube having an outer diameter of 10 mm and a length of 70 mm, and a solid electrolyte was formed thereon to a thickness of 1 mm by plasma spraying.
- a platinum electrode was applied to the substrate to produce a pump.
- the gas pump was heated to about 400 ° C., and a current of 3 A (100 mA / on 2 ) was applied.
- the oxygen 'concentration was plotted against the operating time of the gas bomb (Fig. 15). It was confirmed that the oxygen concentration reached 1-2% in about 30 minutes.
- the cylindrical gas bomb has a simple structure and is a practical gas pump structure that is effective for pumping out a large amount of oxygen.
- the cylindrical type makes it easy to reduce the number of pipes, and is a pump structure particularly effective for large-capacity gas pumps.
- the cylindrical type has better vibration resistance and strength than the flat type, and can be used as a more practical pump.
- the efficiency increases as the thickness of the solid electrolyte decreases, and it is desirable that the thickness be at least 1 mm or less.
- the size and shape of the tube and the manufacturing method are not limited, and any size, for example, an elliptical tube or a square tube, may be used, and the manufacturing method may use any means. Also, any number of tubes may be connected.
- This example shows the case of a more sophisticated structure of an electrochemical pump.
- This embodiment is an example of a cylindrical pipe structure having one end closed according to the present invention.
- Fig. 17 shows the electrochemical structure of a cylindrical tube with one end closed, which is one example of the present invention.
- the gas pump is a solid electrolyte 101 with BaCeQ. Es Yb. ls 0 3 -
- the Do, Anodo 102 constitute a platinum cathode 103 both electrodes.
- the outer diameter 15mm of closing one end providing a porous Sera Mi Kkutanman tube 114 of length 5 Omm, platinum was applied thereon, BaCec which is Sho ⁇ , prepared in advance after it. 85 Yb 0 15 0 3 -.! O ⁇ Ke in the slurry, and sintered again solid body electrolyte.
- a platinum electrode was again applied to the sintered solid electrolyte, and a baking pump was manufactured.
- a heater 106 and a fibrous heat insulating material 107 were attached to a pump, and attached to the simulated insulated heater of FIG.
- the gas bomb was heated to about 40 (TC, and a current of 2 A (100 mA / cm 2 ) was supplied.
- the oxygen concentration could reach 1-2% in about 45 minutes. It was confirmed that the cylinder-type gas pump with one end closed works well, and that the pump with this structure has the simplest structure and is effective for pumping large-volume oxygen. In addition, it is easy to increase the number of pipes, and it is a pump structure particularly effective for large-capacity gas pumps.In addition, this structure has better vibration resistance and strength than other structures. And it can be used as a more practical pump.
- the size and shape of the tube and the manufacturing method are not limited, and any size, for example, an elliptical tube or a square tube, may be used, and the manufacturing method may use any means.
- This example shows the case of a more efficient structure of an electrochemical pump.
- This embodiment is an example of the honeycomb structure of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 shows an electrochemical pump having a honeycomb structure, which is one example of the present invention.
- the gas pump is solid Oxidized Solid 101 and BaCe. e Gd 0 2 0 3 _ Nao, anode 10 2 constitute a platinum force cathode 103 both electrodes.
- Ba Ce oe Gd 0 2 0 3 - .! Produced by extrusion molding a honeycomb, and sintering.
- the size of the honeycomb eyes is 3 mm square, 0.3 mm thick, and 15 mm square x 30 mm long.
- one end of the honeycomb was alternately closed with ceramics, platinum paste was poured into the honeycomb wall surface, and the electrodes were baked.
- a heater 106 for heating the honeycomb and a male fiber-like heat insulating material 107 were attached to the pump, and attached to the simulated insulated heater in FIG.
- the gas pump was heated to about 400 ° C., and a current of 5 A (100 ⁇ / ⁇ 2 ) was supplied. It was confirmed that the oxygen concentration reached 1 to 2% in about 15 minutes, and it was confirmed that this honeycomb-type gas pump operated well.
- the pump of this structure has a complicated structure, but is the most efficient and compact structure of oxygen pumping means. It can also be seen that the manufacture of the solid electrolyte honeycomb itself is a simple and practical means. Furthermore, it is easy to increase the size of the honeycomb, and the pump structure is particularly effective for large-volume gas bombs.
- the size, shape, and manufacturing method of the honeycomb are not limited, and any size may be used, and any method may be used for manufacturing the honeycomb.
- This embodiment shows an example of a heat insulator provided with means for reacting gas in the heat insulator, means for generating hydrogen, and means for storing hydrogen.
- a catalyst containing platinum and hydrogen are used as a means for replacing oxygen in the incubator with water vapor, and further, a method for generating hydrogen uses water hail decomposition.
- a hydrogen storage alloy as a means for temporarily storing generated hydrogen.
- FIG. 19 shows the structure of a warmer as one example of the present invention.
- the inner lid is attached to the lid 1 1 1 of the outer container, and when the lid is closed, the inner lid and inner pot are tightly closed. It is closed.
- An intake pipe 112 is provided between the lid and the inner lid, and a catalyst 115 containing platinum is attached between the intake pipes.
- the catalyst is provided with a supply pipe for supplying hydrogen.
- a hydrogen tank 116 for temporarily storing hydrogen and a hydrogen generator 117 are installed.
- a catalyst platinum supported on a ceramic carrier and a small amount of a catalyst containing sulfur and palladium (about 10 mg), LaKi 5 material as an alloy for temporarily storing hydrogen, A polymer membrane with sulfonic acid groups was used as the electrolyte for electrolysis. Hydrogen was released from the alloy by heating the tank. For hydrogen generation, DC constant-current electrolysis was performed, and it was always on. The hydrogen generation rate was controlled at 10 cc / min.
- the means of the present invention enables the internal oxygen to be reduced or replaced at a stretch, and is very effective in preventing the deterioration of cooked rice.
- the above-mentioned means can be used repeatedly, and there is little deterioration of parts.
- a catalyst containing a small amount of rhodium and palladium was used as the catalyst.
- any catalyst containing platinum for reducing oxygen may be used.
- any amount and form may be used.
- La Ni 5 material was used as an alloy to temporarily store the water cable, any material that absorbs and releases hydrogen, such as Pd, TiFe, misch metal, and labase phase alloy, may be used.
- the shape does not matter.
- a case was shown in which a polymer film having a sulfonic acid group was used as the electrolyte of the hydrogen generator.
- An electrolyte may be used, or an aqueous electrolyte such as phosphoric acid or KOH may be used.
- This embodiment shows an example of a warmer provided with a means for storing nitrogen, a means for introducing nitrogen into a warmer, and a means for generating nitrogen.
- This embodiment is based on the present invention, in which an oxygen pump using a solid electrolyte is used as a means for generating nitrogen, and a space outside the inner pot in the insulated tank is used as a means for storing nitrogen.
- This is an example of a means with a mechanism to introduce nitrogen into the inner pot by closing.
- FIG. 20 shows the structure of a warmer as one example of the present invention.
- the inner lid of the present invention has a double structure.
- the opening / closing valve 118 attached to the inner lid is opened.
- nitrogen separator 1 1 9 the solid body electrolyte BaCe oe Gd 0 2 0 3 - to produce oxygen bomb made of a, so pumping the lid outside to remove oxygen nitrogen tank 1 2 0 in lid I made it.
- a gas discharge valve 121 when nitrogen was introduced into the inner pot was provided so that the lid could be closed and nitrogen purged simultaneously.
- the nitrogen generator was energized at all times, oxygen was continuously removed, and the nitrogen generator was turned off in a fixed time.
- the internal oxygen can be reduced or replaced at a stroke by the invented means, which is very effective in preventing deterioration of cooked rice. It is.
- the above-mentioned means can be used repeatedly, and there is little deterioration of parts.
- BaCe the nitrogen generator D e Gd ⁇ ) 2 0 3 - a is the solid showed the case of the oxygen pump had use an electrolyte, solid ⁇
- electrolyte Ya Jirukonia based oxide
- bismuth-based oxide / ceria-based oxide may be used.
- the tank for storing nitrogen was installed inside the insulated heater, but it can be installed anywhere outside the lid.
- the present invention that is, the use of an electrochemical bomb to discharge oxygen in the incubator through a solid electrolyte and to introduce water vapor
- a gas pump structure such as a mold, a cylinder, and a honeycomb
- a pleasant smell can be prevented.
- At least oxygen gas can be selectively discharged or supplied from the first atmosphere to the second atmosphere.
- it can form an oxygen-rich atmosphere, and can be used in a wide range of applications, such as an atmosphere suitable for food preservation, and an oxygen-rich state in a room that easily becomes an oxygen poor during heating.
- oxygen gas and steam can be exchanged if necessary, and the exchange ratio can be controlled by controlling the electrolysis voltage. Further, since the transport amount of oxygen gas and water vapor can be measured by the amount of current, atmosphere control is easy.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96906079A EP0767255A4 (en) | 1995-03-16 | 1996-03-18 | PERMSELECTIVE PNEUMATIC GAS PUMP AND INCUBATOR USING THE SAME |
KR1019960706498A KR970703450A (ko) | 1995-03-16 | 1996-03-18 | 가스 선택 투과성 기체 펌프 및 이것을 사용한 보온기(gas-permselective pneumatic pump and incubator using the same) |
US08/737,468 US5860359A (en) | 1995-03-16 | 1996-03-18 | Gas-permselective gas pump and warmer for using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5721095 | 1995-03-16 | ||
JP7/57210 | 1995-03-16 | ||
JP12467195 | 1995-05-24 | ||
JP7/124671 | 1995-05-24 | ||
JP7/242860 | 1995-09-21 | ||
JP24286095 | 1995-09-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996028589A1 true WO1996028589A1 (fr) | 1996-09-19 |
Family
ID=27296179
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1996/000718 WO1996028589A1 (fr) | 1995-03-16 | 1996-03-18 | Pompe pneumatique permselective aux gaz et incubateur l'utilisant |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5860359A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0767255A4 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR970703450A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1148872A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW332147B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996028589A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0923969A (ja) * | 1995-07-13 | 1997-01-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 炊飯保温器用電気化学気体ポンプおよびその製造法 |
JP2004105333A (ja) * | 2002-09-17 | 2004-04-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 米飯保温器 |
JP2004350929A (ja) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 米飯保温器 |
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WO1998048923A1 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 1998-11-05 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Improvements in and relating to gas generators |
NL1017819C2 (nl) * | 2001-04-11 | 2002-10-14 | Flow2 B V | Apparaat voor het verpompen van zuurstof. |
KR100624070B1 (ko) * | 2003-07-09 | 2006-09-19 | 마쯔시다덴기산교 가부시키가이샤 | 공기 조화기 |
US7625653B2 (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2009-12-01 | Panasonic Corporation | Ionic conductor |
ATE425362T1 (de) * | 2006-09-11 | 2009-03-15 | Lock & Lock Co Ltd | Membranvakuumpumpe |
FR2969179B1 (fr) * | 2010-12-20 | 2013-02-08 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Cellule de production d'hydrogene comprenant une cellule d'electrolyseur de la vapeur d'eau a haute temperature. |
CN105226295B (zh) * | 2015-09-10 | 2019-05-03 | 江西赛瓷材料有限公司 | 一种基于空气制氧的电解质膜以及制氧方法 |
CN105256330B (zh) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-09-29 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种用于固态聚合物水电解器中膜电极的制备方法及实施该方法的装置 |
US9795250B2 (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-10-24 | Zezhi Intellectual Property Service | Cooking device with compact structure preventing oil fume |
EP3216853B1 (de) * | 2016-03-10 | 2019-05-15 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | Transfervorrichtung |
CN109770707B (zh) * | 2017-11-15 | 2021-07-30 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | 一种烹饪器具及杀菌保鲜的控制方法 |
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- 1996-03-18 WO PCT/JP1996/000718 patent/WO1996028589A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-03-18 CN CN96190205A patent/CN1148872A/zh active Pending
- 1996-03-18 EP EP96906079A patent/EP0767255A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-03-18 US US08/737,468 patent/US5860359A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-20 TW TW085103356A patent/TW332147B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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JP2004105333A (ja) * | 2002-09-17 | 2004-04-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 米飯保温器 |
JP2004350929A (ja) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 米飯保温器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5860359A (en) | 1999-01-19 |
TW332147B (en) | 1998-05-21 |
EP0767255A4 (en) | 1998-07-08 |
EP0767255A1 (en) | 1997-04-09 |
CN1148872A (zh) | 1997-04-30 |
KR970703450A (ko) | 1997-07-03 |
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